HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem No. 07 - Public Hearing - Draft FY 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan
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Public Hearing
City of San Bernardino
Request for Council Action
Date: April 15, 2020
To: Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
From: Teri Ledoux, City Manager
By:Michael Huntley, Community & Economic Development Director
Subject: Draft FY 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan, Analysis of
Impediments and Action Plan Associated with CDBG
Recommendation
It is recommended that the Mayor and City Council of the City of San Bernardino,
California:
1. Conduct a public hearing on the draft Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Consolidated
Plan, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing and draft Fiscal Year 2020 -
2021 Annual Action Plan associated with the Community Development Block
Grant, HOME Investment Partnerships and Emergency Solutions Grant
Programs; and
2. Adopt the draft Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan, Analysis of
Impediments to Fair Housing and draft Fiscal Year 2020-2021 Annual Action
Plan as an application for funding under Community Development Block
Grant, HOME Investment Partnerships, and Emergency Solutions Grant; and
3. Authorize the City Manager or designee to take any further actions and
execute any further documents as are necessary to effectuate the submittal of
the draft Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan and draft Fiscal Year
2020-21 Annual Action Plan and necessary certifications to the United States
Department of Housing and Urban Development; and
4. Direct the Finance Director to amend the budget for Emergency Solutions
Grant (ESG) unspent dollars.
Background
By May 15, 2020, the City of San Bernardino (City) must submit to the United States
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) a Five-Year Consolidated Plan
(Con Plan) for Fiscal Year FY 2020-2025. The Con Plan includes an Analysis of
Impediments to Fair Housing document (AI) and the first-year Annual Action Plan (AAP)
for FY 2020-2021. The AAP describes how the City intends to invest federal funds
toward meeting the City’s community development, affordable housing and homeless
prevention needs.
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The implementation of the Con Plan is carried out over a five year period through
annual action plans that provide a concise summary of the actions, activities, and the
specific federal and non-federal resources that will be used to address priority needs
and specific goals identified in the Con Plan. In order to continue to receive the grant
allocation under CDBG, HOME and ESG, the City is required to submit an AAP to HUD,
which serves as the City’s grant application for the grant programs.
On March 18, 2020, staff presented to the Mayor and City Council a draft of the Five -
Year Con Plan, AI, and AAP for their review. There were no comments received from
the public or from the Mayor and City Council.
Discussion
The Con Plan is a policy document designed to help th e City assess its affordable
housing needs, community development needs and market conditions. Additionally, the
Con Plan is designed to assist the City make data -driven, place-based investment
decisions. The draft Con Plan covers the period of FY 2020 -2021 through FY 2024-
2025. The consolidated planning process serves as the framework for a community -
wide dialogue to identify housing and community development priorities that align and
focus funding from the three formula block grant programs for which t he City receives
funding.
CDBG: The primary objective of the CDBG program is to develop viable urban
communities by providing decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expanded
economic opportunities principally for persons of low and moderate income.
Jurisdictions receiving CDBG funds must use the funds to meet one of the three
national objectives:
1. To benefit low and moderate-income persons;
2. To aid in the prevention or elimination of slums and blight; or
3. To meet community development needs having a particular urgency.
The objectives of the HOME program are:
1. To strengthen the ability of state and local governments to design and implement
strategies for achieving adequate supplies of decent, affordable housing;
2. To provide assistance to participating jurisdictions for development of affordable
housing; and
3. To strengthen partnerships among all levels of government and the private
sector.
The objectives of the ESG program are:
1. To engage individuals and families living on the streets;
2. To improve homeless shelters and operation of shelters; and
3. Rapidly re-house homeless persons and prevent homelessness.
An Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing is an assessment of laws, ordinances,
statutes, and administrative policies of a state or a unit of local government, as well as
local conditions that affect the location, availability, an accessibility of housing by
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examining barriers and impediments to fair housing choice. The development of an AI
is part of the consolidated planning process required for all entitlement communities.
In Fiscal Year (FY) 2020-2021 the City’s allocation was increased by 3.5% for the three
formula grants, as noted in Table 1 below:
Table 1
PROGRAM 2020-21 2019-20 % Increase
CDBG $3,405,816 $3,366,410 1%
HOME $1,404,784 $1,279,762 9.77%
ESG $295,799 $286,534 3%
Total $5,106,399 $4,932,706 3.5%
The City of San Bernardino’s draft FY 2020-2021 AAP recommends projects that best
meet identified community needs eligible under CDBG, HOME and ESG, as noted in
Table 2 below.
Of the projects listed in the activity recommendations, the Section 108 repayment is an
ongoing CDBG obligation for the 17.43 acre commercial property located along
Highland Avenue between Arden Street and Guthrie Street. The Ci ty is moving forward
with the sale of the property to a developer who will build a multi -tenant commercial
shopping center.
The Micro-Enterprise Program is designed to foster the development, support, and
expansion of small businesses. A micro-enterprise business is defined by HUD as a
commercial enterprise that has five or fewer employees, one or more of whom owns the
enterprise. The program will partner with the Small Business Administration to provide
Spanish language training for persons interested in launching a small business or
expanding an existing small business.
The City funds Inland Fair Housing Mediation Board (IFHMB) to provide Fair Housing
and Landlord/Tenant mediation services. In FY 2018 -2019, IFHMB provided fair
housing services to 394 persons and landlord/tenant mediation services to 2,363
persons for a total of 2,757 persons served. For current FY 2019 -2020, and as of
January 2020, 195 persons received services for fair housing and 1,073 persons
received landlord/tenant mediation services.
The public facility projects recommended consist of replacement of playground
equipment in three parks: Meadowbrook Park, Nicholson Park and Anne Shirrell Park.
Nicholson Park will not only have the playground equipment replaced, but the exist ing
baseball field will be converted into an ADA compliant Miracle League park. Since the
natural grass used in conventional fields is the primary barrier, Miracle League Teams
play on custom-designed, rubberized turf fields that accommodate wheel chairs and
other assertive devices. The Encanto Community Center - Phase 1, will consist of a
roof replacement and ADA compliant work. The Citywide Concrete Repair project will
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replace sidewalks and provide ADA accessibility for Fifth Street Senior Center, Perri s
Hill Senior Center, community centers at Ruben Campos, Lytle Creek, Rudy Hernandez
and Delmann Heights.
2020-2025 Key Strategic Targets and Goals
The funding recommendations will meet Key Target No. 2: Focused, Aligned
Leadership and Unified Community by developing and implementing a community
engagement plan and building a culture that attracts, retains, and motivates the highest
quality talent; Key Target No. 3: Improved Quality of Life by reducing the burden of
homelessness through engagement, collaboration, and alignment with other entities.
Fiscal Impact
Approval of the draft FY 2020-2025 ConPlan, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing
(AI) and draft FY 2020-2021 AAP will not have an impact on the General Fund since the
entire program activities are funded with federal grant funds.
Conclusion
It is recommended that the Mayor and City Council of the City of San Bernardino,
California:
1. Conduct a public hearing on the draft Fiscal Year 2020 -2025 Consolidated
Plan, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing and draft Fiscal Year 2020-
2021 Annual Action Plan associated with the Community Development Block
Grant, HOME Investment Partnerships and Emergency Solutions Grant
Programs; and
2. Adopt the draft Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan, Analysis of
Impediments to Fair Housing and draft Fiscal Year 2020-2021 Annual Action
Plan as an application for funding under Community Development Block
Grant, HOME Investment Partnerships, and Emergency Solutions Grant; and
3. Authorize the City Manager or designee to take any further actions and
execute any further documents as are necessary to effectuate the submittal of
the draft Fiscal Year 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan and draft Fiscal Year
2020-21 Annual Action Plan and necessary certifications to the United States
Department of Housing and Urban Development; and
4. Direct the Finance Director to amend the budget for Emergency Solutions
Grant (ESG) unspent dollars.
Attachments
Attachment 1 Draft FY 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan
Attachment 2 Draft FY 2020-2021 Action Plan
Attachment 3 2020-2025 Analysis of Impediments
Attachment 4 Fiscal Year 2020-2021 Draft Funding Activity Recommendations
Ward: Citywide
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Synopsis of Previous Council Actions:
March18, 2020 First public hearing held for review of the Draft Consolidated Plan,
Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing and the Annual Action
Plan. The City Council reviewed the document and had no
changes.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 4
ES-05 Executive Summary - 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b) ..................................................... 4
The Process ............................................................................................................................. 9
PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies 24 CFR 91.200(b) ........................................................ 9
PR-10 Consultation – 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(b), 91.300(b), 91.215(I) and 91.315(I) ............10
PR-15 Citizen Participation – 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(c) and 91.300(c) .................................20
Needs Assessment .................................................................................................................26
NA-05 Overview ....................................................................................................................26
NA-10 Housing Needs Assessment - 24 CFR 91.205 (a,b,c) .................................................31
NA-15 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2) .........................39
NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2) .............43
NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens – 91.205 (b)(2) ...................47
NA-30 Disproportionately Greater Need: Discussion – 91.205(b)(2) ......................................48
NA-35 Public Housing – 91.205(b) ........................................................................................50
NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment – 91.205(c) .................................................................54
NA-45 Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment - 91.205 (b,d) ..........................................57
NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs – 91.215 (f) ........................................60
MA-05 Overview ....................................................................................................................62
MA-10 Number of Housing Units – 91.210(a)&(b)(2) .............................................................63
MA-15 Housing Market Analysis: Cost of Housing - 91.210(a) ..............................................66
MA-20 Housing Market Analysis: Condition of Housing – 91.210(a) ......................................70
MA-25 Public and Assisted Housing – 91.210(b) ...................................................................73
MA-30 Homeless Facilities and Services – 91.210(c) ............................................................76
MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services – 91.210(d) .....................................................79
MA-40 Barriers to Affordable Housing – 91.210(e) ................................................................82
MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets – 91.215 (f) .......................................84
MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion ......................................................................89
MA-60 Broadband Needs of Housing occupied by Low- and Moderate-Income
Households - 91.210(a)(4), 91.310(a)(2) ...................................................................91
MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3) ...........................................................92
Strategic Plan ..........................................................................................................................93
SP-05 Overview ....................................................................................................................93
SP-10 Geographic Priorities – 91.215 (a)(1) ..........................................................................94
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ ii
SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.215(a)(2) ......................................................................................95
SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions – 91.215 (b).............................................................. 100
SP-35 Anticipated Resources - 91.215(a)(4), 91.220(c)(1,2) ............................................... 101
SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure – 91.215(k) ............................................................... 104
SP-45 Goals Summary – 91.215(a)(4)................................................................................. 107
SP-50 Public Housing Accessibility and Involvement – 91.215(c) ........................................ 109
SP-55 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.215(h) ................................................................ 110
SP-60 Homelessness Strategy – 91.215(d) ......................................................................... 111
SP-65 Lead based paint Hazards – 91.215(i) ...................................................................... 112
SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy – 91.215(j) .............................................................................. 113
SP-80 Monitoring – 91.230 .................................................................................................. 114
List of Tables
Table 1 – Responsible Agencies ................................................................................................ 9
Table 2 – Agencies, groups, organizations who participated .....................................................17
Table 3 – Other local / regional / federal planning efforts ..........................................................17
Table 4 – Citizen Participation Outreach ...................................................................................25
Table 5 – Housing Needs Assessment Demographics ..............................................................31
Table 6 – Total Households ......................................................................................................31
Table 7 – Housing Probles 1 .....................................................................................................32
Table 8 – Housing Problems 2 ..................................................................................................33
Table 9 – Cost Burden > 30% ...................................................................................................33
Table 10 – Cost Burden > 50% .................................................................................................34
Table 11 – Crowding Information – 1/2 .....................................................................................34
Table 12 – Crowding Information – 2/2 .....................................................................................34
Table 13 – Disproportionally Greater Need 0 - 30% AMI ...........................................................39
Table 14 – Disproportionally Greater Need 30 - 50% AMI .........................................................40
Table 15 – Disproportionally Greater Need 50 - 80% AMI .........................................................40
Table 16 – Disproportionally Greater Need 80 - 100% AMI .......................................................41
Table 17 – Severe Housing Problems 0 - 30% AMI ..................................................................43
Table 18 – Severe Housing Problems 30 - 50% AMI ................................................................44
Table 19 – Severe Housing Problems 50 - 80% AMI ................................................................44
Table 20 – Severe Housing Problems 80 - 100% AMI ...............................................................45
Table 21 – Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens AMI ..............................................................47
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Table 22 – Public Housing by Program Type ............................................................................50
Table 23 – Characteristics of Public Housing Residents by Program Type ...............................51
Table 24 – Race of Public Housing Residents by Program Type ..............................................52
Table 25 – Ethnicity of Public Housing Residents by Program Type .........................................52
Table 26 – Household Size .......................................................................................................57
Table 27 – Female-headed Households ...................................................................................58
Table 28 – Residential Properties by Unit Number ....................................................................63
Table 29 – Unit Size by Tenure .................................................................................................64
Table 30 – Cost of Housing .......................................................................................................66
Table 31 – Rent Paid ................................................................................................................66
Table 32 – Housing Affordability ...............................................................................................67
Table 33 – Monthly Rent ...........................................................................................................67
Table 34 – Condition of Units ....................................................................................................70
Table 35 – Year Unit Built .........................................................................................................71
Table 36 – Risk of Lead-Based Paint ........................................................................................71
Table 37 – Vacant Units ............................................................................................................71
Table 38 – Total Number of Units by Program Type .................................................................73
Table 39 – Public Housing Condition ........................................................................................75
Table 40 – Facilities and Housing Targeted to Homeless Households ......................................76
Table 41 – Business Activity .....................................................................................................84
Table 42 – Labor Force .............................................................................................................85
Table 43 – Occupations by Sector ............................................................................................85
Table 44 – Travel Time .............................................................................................................85
Table 45 – Educational Attainment by Employment Status .......................................................85
Table 46 – Educational Attainment by Age ................................................................................86
Table 47 – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months ..................................................................86
Table 48 – Priority Needs Summary ..........................................................................................98
Table 49 – Influence of Market Conditions .............................................................................. 100
Table 50 – Anticipated Resources........................................................................................... 101
Table 51 – Institutional Delivery Structure ............................................................................... 104
Table 52 – Homeless Prevention Services Summary .............................................................. 105
Table 53 – Goals Summary ..................................................................................................... 107
City of San Bernardino
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES-05 Executive Summary - 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b)
The City of San Bernardino (City) is an entitlement City that receives federal funding from the
US Department of Housing and Urban and Development (HUD). The City receives funds
through the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, HOME Investment
Partnerships Program (HOME), and the Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG).
The CDBG entitlement program provides formula funding to cities and counties to address
community development needs. Seventy percent of gross funding must be used to serve low- to
moderate-income households. Eligible activities must meet one of the following national
objectives for the program:
Benefit low- and moderate-income persons
Prevent or eliminate slums or blight
Address community development needs having a particular urgency because existing
conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the
community for which other funding is not available
The HOME entitlement program provides formula grant funding for a wide range of activities
including building, purchasing, and/or rehabilitating affordable housing for rent or
homeownership and providing direct rental assistance to low-income households. The
program’s flexibility allows states and local governments to use HOME funds for grants, direct
loans, loan guarantees or other forms of credit enhancements, or rental assistance or security
deposits.1
The ESG program provides formula grant funding to cities and counties to engage homeless
individuals and families living on the street, rapidly re-house homeless individuals and families,
help operate and provide essential services in emergency shelters for homeless individuals and
families, and prevent individuals and families from becoming homeless.
The Consolidated Plan (ConPlan) is a five-year planning document. This plan covers the
period from fiscal year 2020-21 through fiscal year 2024-25. The purpose of the ConPlan is to
guide a jurisdiction to:
Assess their affordable housing and community development needs and market
conditions;
Make data-driven, place-based investment decisions; and
Conduct community-wide discussions to identify housing and community development
priorities that align and focus on eligible activities for CDBG funding.
1 HUD. Home Investment Partnerships Program.
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/affordablehousing/programs/home/
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 5
Recipients of CDBG and HOME funding must also prepare and submit to HUD an Annual
Action Plan (AAP) that describes in detail, each year, how the ConPlan will be carried out. The
AAP must provide a concise summary of the actions, activities, and the specific federal and
non-federal resources that will be used each year to address the priority needs and specific
goals identified by the ConPlan.2 Additionally, at the end of each fiscal year, jurisdictions must
complete and submit to HUD a Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report
(CAPER) to report on the accomplishments and progress toward the ConPlan’s goals.
The City anticipates approximately $15,000,000 in CDBG funds, $6,000,000 in HOME funds,
and $1,400,000 in ESG funds during the 2020-2025 ConPlan period.
Summary of the objectives and outcomes identified in the Plan Needs
Assessment Overview
The objective of the Needs Assessment is to gather information from the community and all
partners, as well as demographic and economic data regarding the City’s homeless population,
need for affordable housing, special needs population, and community development needs. This
information is used to make data-driven decisions to establish priority community needs and
strategies based on current conditions, expected funds, and local capacity. Through data
collection, outreach, and analysis presented in this plan, a clear outline of the City’s priority
needs is formed, along with the projects and facilities that are most likely to aid in the City’s
development.
A summary of needs identified in the City of San Bernardino include:
Rehabilitation of single-family owner-occupied housing and rental units
Housing for households below 80% area median income
Expanding homeownership
Homeless services and homeless prevention services
Economic development
Improvement of facilities and infrastructure
Fair housing services
See Needs Assessment (NA) section beginning on page 26 for additional discussion on these
identified needs.
Evaluation of past performance
The City’s CDBG, HOME, and ESG funds successfully contributed to several projects over the
last five years. Those projects have contributed to improved housing affordability and expanded
economic opportunities for low- and moderate-income households.
2 HUD. CPD Consolidated Plans, Annual Action Plans, and CAPERs.
https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/consolidated-plan/con-plans-aaps-capers/
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 6
Affordable Housing
HOME funds were used to construct new homeowner housing and CDBG funds were used to
rehabilitate existing housing. For example, in FY 2018-2019, three new homeowner units were
added, and seven homeowner houses were rehabilitated. Additionally, in FY 2019-2020, the
City anticipates adding eight new single-family ownership units for households earning between
50 and 80 percent AMI.
Fair Housing
CDBG funds were used to contract with the Inland Fair Housing Mediation Board to provide fair
housing services, including landlord/tenant mediation, housing counseling, alternative dispute
resolution, and senior services to San Bernardino residents. For example, in FY 2018-2019,
approximately 2,700 residents were served. For FY 2019-2020, the City anticipates serving
approximately 3,300 residents.
Homelessness
ESG funds were used to connect homeless individuals to services, such as street outreach,
rapid rehousing, emergency shelter, and homeless prevention services. As of FY 2018-19, 566
people were served through these programs. Additionally, in FY 2018-2019, the City assisted in
the acquisition and rehabilitation of a 38-unit apartment complex to assist homeless households
into permanent supportive housing. In FY 2019-2020, the City anticipates serving 350 persons
experiencing homelessness.
Summary of citizen participation process and consultation process
Robust community engagement was achieved through engaging a diverse group of
stakeholders to identify priorities, concerns, and values. The feedback provided through the
community engagement process supported the development of this ConPlan, including the
development of housing and community development needs, priorities, goals, and strategies for
funding allocation.
For the purposes of this plan, the community outreach included residents, business owners, and
interest groups. Targeted outreach was provided to youth, elderly, racial and ethnic minorities,
renters and property owners, and business owners across the City. Leveraging existing
stakeholder contacts, recognizing underrepresented stakeholders, and identifying new
stakeholders was integral to the process of reaching the greater San Bernardino community and
ensuring a broad depth of participation.
The City announced the various community engagement opportunities through its social media,
newspaper noticing, and email blasts.
Members of the public had the following opportunities for participation and comment, all of
which were offered throughout San Bernardino during the ConPlan process:
Public Meetings: Walk-in meetings were held across the City so that members of the
public could describe what needs and concerns they see in their community.
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 7
Housing Summit: A housing summit was held for community leaders, agency
representatives, service providers, planning professionals, developers, and business
owners to learn and exchange information about the current state of housing and
development in the City.
Stakeholder Interviews: Various local organizations were interviewed to receive
feedback on the most pressing priorities and needs of target populations.
Pop-Up Events: Structured for short interactions, the pop-up took the form of a booth set
up at an event to allow access to a specific stakeholder group. Feedback provided at
pop-up events was collected through interactive exercises (dot votes, etc.) or verbal
responses to big picture questions.
Online Feedback Collection (Survey): To broadly access and efficiently obtain
information from a large number of geographically distributed citizens, an online survey
was prepared. The survey provided an opportunity to leave additional, relevant
comments. The survey was announced through City media outlets and disseminated
through key community liaisons or stakeholders with access to resident and community
groups, business owners, and interest groups.
A detailed summary of community engagement, including participation, methods, and feedback,
can be found in Sections PR-10 (Consultations) and PR-15 (Citizen Participation) of this
ConPlan.
Summary of public comments
The regional meetings yielded numerous public comments that identified priorities for residents
of the City. High priorities identified during the meetings included:
Affordable housing
Housing and mental health programs for people with disabilities
Veterans homelessness assistance
Street outreach to homeless individuals
Jobs
Neighborhood revitalization
Pedestrian and traffic improvements
Stakeholders provided feedback on the priority needs of the City. Priority needs related to
housing, services, and public facilities were summarized into several overarching themes
including to:
Increase affordable housing;
Increase housing opportunities and services for homeless individuals, including
homeless prevention;
Provide respite care for homeless individuals discharged from hospitals; and
Enable emergency/natural disaster resiliency for homeless individuals and low-income
families.
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 8
Community members provided feedback via the community needs survey. The highest areas of
need included:
Infrastructure
Homeless services
Economic development (jobs/businesses)
Summary of comments or views not accepted and the reasons for not accepting
them
The City did not receive any public comments that were not accepted. The City attempted to
incorporate all feedback received through outreach efforts into the plan.
Summary
This 2020-2025 ConPlan combines resident feedback, demographic data and analysis,
community stakeholder input, and consideration of City resources, goals, other relevant plans,
and policies. The results of this combined effort and analysis is the City’s five -year Strategic
Plan for the allocation of CDBG, HOME, and ESG funds and activities. These funds will focus
on preserving affordable housing, improving community facilities and infrastructure, providing
public services to homeless individuals, and improving neighborhood conditions.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 9
THE PROCESS
PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies 24 CFR 91.200(b)
Describe agency/entity responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and
those responsible for administration of each grant program and funding source
The City of San Bernardino’s Housing Division is the agency responsible for preparing the
Consolidated Plan and administering the City’s CDBG, HOME, and ESG grants, as shown in
Table 1.
Agency Role Name Department/Agency
Lead Agency San Bernardino
CDBG Administrator San Bernardino Community and Economic Development Department
HOME Administrator San Bernardino Community and Economic Development Department
ESG Administrator San Bernardino Community and Economic Development Department
Table 1 – Responsible Agencies
Narrative
Lead and Responsible Agency
The City of San Bernardino (City) is the lead and responsible agency for the US Department of
Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) entitlement programs in San Bernardino. The City’s
Housing Division is responsible for administering the City’s HUD entitlement grants, including
CDBG, HOME, and ESG.
Entitlement jurisdictions receive entitlement funding (i.e., non-competitive, formula funds) from
HUD. By federal law, the City is required to submit a five-year ConPlan and Annual Action Plan
to HUD listing priorities and strategies for the use of its federal funds. The ConPlan helps local
jurisdictions to assess their affordable housing and community development needs and market
conditions to meet the housing and community development needs of its populations.
Consolidated Plan Public Contact Information
Gretel K. Noble
Housing Division Manager
Community & Economic
Development Department
201 North E Street
3rd Floor
San Bernardino, CA 92401
Tel: (909) 384-7270
Email: noble_gr@sbcity.org
Website: www.ci.san-bernardino.ca.us
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 10
PR-10 Consultation – 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(b), 91.300(b), 91.215(I) and
91.315(I)
Introduction
Provide a concise summary of the jurisdiction’s activities to enhance
coordination between public and assisted housing providers and private and
governmental health, mental health and service agencies (91.215(I)).
The City of San Bernardino hired Michael Baker International to assist in community
engagement efforts. Community engagement is key for helping the City to identify needs,
priorities, goals, strategies, and activities for future housing and community development
activities over the five-year Consolidated Plan period. Engagement activities included a
community survey, community meetings, pop-up events, a housing summit, and stakeholder
consultations.
As a part of the stakeholder consultation process, the City consulted with a variety of
stakeholders, including local and regional community-based organizations, health and mental
and behavioral health care providers, and housing service organizations.
Describe coordination with the Continuum of Care and efforts to address the
needs of homeless persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and
families, families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth) and persons
at risk of
Homelessness
During the development of its ConPlan and Annual Plans and as a general practice, the City
coordinated with a variety of housing/shelter organizations, public and mental health agencies,
and service providers to discuss community needs. Examples of those consulted include
Salvation Army – Hospitality House, Dignity Health, Inland Valley Recovery Services, and
Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County; for a complete list see Table 2 below.
Their collective feedback was especially valuable in gathering information and shaping priorities
for this plan as it relates to special needs populations, general health, and mental health
services in the City. Through this process, the City interviewed the Continuum of Care (CoC) to
ascertain the needs of homeless individuals throughout the City as well as the organizational
needs and challenges of the CoC itself. The CoC’s feedback will be used to shape the goals
identified in this ConPlan, which will then address the needs of homeless individuals in the City.
Describe consultation with the Continuum(s) of Care that serves the jurisdiction's
area in determining how to allocate ESG funds, develop performance standards
and evaluate outcomes, and develop funding, policies and procedures for the
administration of HMIS
The San Bernardino County Homeless Partnership (SBCHP) is the administrator of the regional
CoC, which serves the entire County. The City continuously coordinates with the CoC to end
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 11
and prevent homelessness in the County. The CoC is a group composed of stakeholders
throughout the County, including governmental agencies, homeless service and shelter
providers, homeless persons, housing advocates, affordable housing developers, and various
private parties, including businesses and foundations.
The SBCHP is a collaboration among community and faith-based organizations, educational
institutions, nonprofit organizations, private industry, and federal, state, and local governments.
The partnership focuses on addressing issues of homelessness within the County.
The SBCHP was developed to direct the planning, development, and implementation of the
County’s 10-year Strategy to end chronic homelessness. The partnership leads the creation of a
comprehensive network to deliver much-needed services to the homeless and to families and
individuals at risk of homelessness through careful planning and coordination among all entities
that provide services and resources to prevent homelessness. The City’s ConPlan is aligned
with the SBCHP’s 10-year Strategy to end chronic homelessness.
According to the City’s ESG Policies and Procedures, consultation takes place with participation
of City officials, staff serving on the CoC Governance Board, and the Advisory Committee of the
CoC Board. In these roles, the City participates in setting local priorities, certifying need, and the
annual review of ESG programs. The Community and Economic Development Department
serves as the administrative entity for the ESG and compiles program documentation which
includes information about the responsibilities of the CoC and ESG programs, HUD regulations,
and policy statements such as coordinated entry system, prioritization and Homeless
Management Information System (HMIS) participation. Compiled data is used to report on
project outcomes to HUD through the ESG CAPER.
Describe Agencies, groups, organizations and others who participated in the
process and describe the jurisdictions consultations with housing, social service
agencies and other entities
Participating Agencies, Groups and Organizations
1 Agency/Group/Organization Dignity Health
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Market Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) attended at
least one community meeting and
provided input to help prioritize the City’s
community needs.
2 Agency/Group/Organization National CORE
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development
Strategy
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 12
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) attended at
least one community forum and provided
input to help prioritize the City’s
community needs.
3 Agency/Group/Organization Neighborhood Partnership Services
(NPHS)
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Homeless Strategy
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) attended at
least one community forum and provided
input to help prioritize the City’s
community needs.
4 Agency/Group/Organization OmniTrans
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other (Transit Agency)
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically Homeless
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
5 Agency/Group/Organization San Bernardino County Homeless
Partnership
Agency/Group/Organization Type Publicly Funded Institution/System of
Care
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Homeless Strategy
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
6 Agency/Group/Organization San Bernardino County Department of
Behavioral Health
Agency/Group/Organization Type Health Agency
Services – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
7 Agency/Group/Organization Project Fighting Chance
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development
Strategy
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
8 Agency/Group/Organization Inland Fair Housing and Mediation
Board
Agency/Group/Organization Type Service – Fair Housing
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 13
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Housing Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
9 Agency/Group/Organization Salvation Army – Hospitality House
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Homeless
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
10 Agency/Group/Organization Center for Employment Opportunities
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Employment
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development
Strategy
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
11 Agency/Group/Organization Inland Valley Recovery Services
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically
Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
12 Agency/Group/Organization Dr. Tom Pierce, CSU San Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Civic Leader
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Market Analysis
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
13
Agency/Group/Organization Inland Congregation United for
Change
Agency/Group/Organization Type Civic Leaders
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
14
Agency/Group/Organization Community Action Partnership of San
Bernardino County
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Children
Services – Homeless
Services – Health
Services – Employment
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 14
15
Agency/Group/Organization Habitat for Humanity San Bernardino
Area
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
16
Agency/Group/Organization City Council of San Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Civic Leaders
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
17
Agency/Group/Organization Wells Fargo
Agency/Group/Organization Type Business Leaders
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
18
Agency/Group/Organization Community Education Partnership
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Education
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
19
Agency/Group/Organization Housing Authority of the County of
San Bernardino (HACSB)
Agency/Group/Organization Type PHA
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
20
Agency/Group/Organization Catholic Charities
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Elderly Persons
Services – Homeless
Services - Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
21
Agency/Group/Organization Community & Economic Development,
City of San Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other Government - Local
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
22 Agency/Group/Organization Hope Through Housing Foundation
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 15
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
23
Agency/Group/Organization Local Initiatives Support Corporation
(LA LISC)
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Employment
Services – Health
Housing
Services - Education
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
24
Agency/Group/Organization Step Up on Second Street
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Homeless
Services - Employment
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
25
Agency/Group/Organization Mary’s Mercy Center
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Homeless
Services – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
26
Agency/Group/Organization Alvord Unified School District
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Education
Other Government – State
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
27
Agency/Group/Organization Blair Park Neighborhood Association
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other Government - Local
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
28
Agency/Group/Organization El Sol Neighborhood Educational
Center
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Education
Services – Health
Services - Children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 16
29
Agency/Group/Organization Mayor’s Chief of Staff, City of San
Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Civic Leaders
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
30
Agency/Group/Organization National Anger Management
Association
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services - Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
31
Agency/Group/Organization Neighborhood Housing Services of
the Inland Empire
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
32
Agency/Group/Organization Redevelopment Agency of the County
of San Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
Other Government – County
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
33
Agency/Group/Organization San Bernardino Neighborhood
Association
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other Government – Local
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
34
Agency/Group/Organization Terrace West Housing
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
35
Agency/Group/Organization UNITED Youth Violence Prevention
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
36 Agenc y/Group/Organization Valon Consulting
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 17
Table 2 – Agencies, groups, organizations who participated
Identify any Agency Types not consulted and provide rationale for not consulting
No agency types were excluded from engagement.
Other local/regional/state/federal planning efforts considered when preparing the
Plan
Name of Plan Lead Organization
How do the goals of your
Strategic Plan overlap with the
goals of each plan?
Continuum of Care Continuum of Care Potential funding allocations to
address homeless needs will
complement the CoC strategy.
10 Year Strategy to End
Homelessness
Continuum of Care Potential funding allocations to
address homeless needs will be
consistent with the 10-Year Strategy
to End Homelessness.
2015-2023 Housing Element City of San Bernardino Barriers to and opportunities for
affordable housing development
analyzed in this plan were
considered in the Market
Assessment.
Table 3 – Other local / regional / federal planning efforts
Describe cooperation and coordination with other public entities, including the
State and any adjacent units of general local government, in the implementation
of the Consolidated Plan (91.215(l))
The collaborative implementation of this ConPlan over the course of the next five years begins
with the coordinated efforts of multiple public agencies working together to gather feedback and
information for regional and local community needs and priorities. Once needs and priorities are
identified, they are then incorporated into the City’s ConPlan, forming both regional and local
strategies for addressing those needs and priorities.
Furthermore, community outreach to local leaders, stakeholders, and residents is a critical first
step in implementing this plan’s desired community changes. By successfully establishing
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
37
Agency/Group/Organization Wildwood Park Neighborhood
Association
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other Government – Local
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Needs Assessment
How was the Agency/Group/ Organization consulted and
what are the anticipated outcomes of the consultation or
areas for improved coordination?
Representative(s) contributed narrative
and data to answer questions relevant to
the Consolidated Plan.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 18
relationships and trust between the government, those providing services or community
improvements, and the beneficiaries of these services or improvements, the City and
community can move toward a joint vision for what and how to make community improvements.
The agencies, groups, and organizations who participated are listed in Table 2. Other
local/regional/federal planning efforts can be found in Table 3.
Narrative (optional):
City staff, with assistance from consultants, worked to involve housing, social service, and other
agencies in the community engagement process including direct solicitation for these agencies
to participate in the community survey, community meetings, and stakeholder interviews.
Agencies who were invited but did not participate are listed below. The City will continue to
include them in future planning efforts.
California Endowment
Cathedral of Praise International
Ministries
Center for Individual Development
Central City Lutheran Mission
Clay Counseling Foundation
Community Investment Corporation
Diocese of San Bernardino
Enterprise Community Partners, Inc.
Family Service Association of
Redlands
Foothill AIDS Project
Grid Alternatives
Home of Neighborly Service
HomeAid Inland Empire
Inland Empire Health Plan
Inland Regional Center
Kaiser Permanente
Legal Aid of San Bernardino
LJR Intellect Academy
Lutheran Social Services of
Southern California
Mental Health Systems
Mercy House Living Centers
Molina Healthcare
Mosaic Community Planning, LLC
New Generation for Jesus Christ
Option House
Project Life Impact
Provisional Educational Services
Restoration House of Refuge, Inc
San Bernardino Clergy Association
San Bernardino Community College
District
San Bernardino County HOPE Team
San Bernardino Public Library
San Bernardino Sexual Assault
Services
San Bernardino Unified School
District
San Bernardino Valley College
Smooth Transition
Temple Missionary Baptist Church
Time for Change
Ureach - Loma Linda
US Vets
Youth Action Project
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 19
Stakeholders were asked questions and provided feedback on priorities, issues, and solutions in
relation to CDBG- and HOME-eligible activities including housing, neighborhood revitalization,
and low- to moderate-income household issues. They were asked about their top priorities,
neighborhood revitalization, housing problems and their solutions, local organization support,
families vulnerable to crisis, broadband internet issues, and how the jurisdiction should spend
CDBG and HOME funding.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 20
PR-15 Citizen Participation – 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(c) and 91.300(c)
Summary of citizen participation process/Efforts made to broaden citizen
participation
Summarize citizen participation process and how it impacted goal setting
Outreach is essential to the City’s ability to create an accurate and effective plan, and to allocate
resources appropriately. The City attempted to reach as many residents as possible within
specific demographics, such as low-income families, persons with disabilities, elderly persons,
female-headed households, and parents/guardians of children. Receiving feedback from
residents, especially those who may receive assistance from grant funds, is critical to the
success of the CDBG program. The City reached out to practitioners, agencies, leaders,
organizations, and companies who may have the specialized knowledge, experience,
resources, and capacity to discuss needs, opportunities, solutions, investments, and how
community improvements can be made. All City residents were encouraged to provide input on
community needs through citizen participation opportunities.
The City organized various methods for participation and public comment throughout the
development of the ConPlan. The following is a summary of the efforts made t o broaden citizen
participation through the ConPlan process. Citizen Participation Outreach, Table 4, provides
additional detail on the types of outreach conducted and, where applicable, a summary of the
comments received.
Community Needs Survey
This community survey was noticed through the newspaper, the City’s website, and distribution
of flyers in both English and Spanish. The online and paper survey was made available to the
public between January 7, 2020, and February 28, 2020. The survey was provided in English
and Spanish. Data gathered from the survey provided community feedback needs for housing,
public facilities, infrastructure, homelessness, economic development, and community services,
as well as on local demographic data. A copy of the survey, along with the final results, can be
found at the end of the document under Appendix Community Engagement Summary.
Pop-Up Events
Pop-up events are temporary events held in public areas. Pop-up events are useful to help
provide the public with general information and awareness of the ConPlan process and engage
community members with the community survey. Short dialogue and feedback were also
obtained from the public.
Three pop-up/tabling events were held throughout the City: a football game at San Bernardino
High School on November 1, 2019, the San Bernardino Airshow on November 2, 2019, and the
City of San Bernardino Winter Wonderland on December 14, 2019. Flyers announcing
community engagement meeting dates and locations were distributed. Surveys were distributed
at the pop-up events and a total of 314 residents responded to the survey from these pop-up
events. See Appendix Community Engagement Summary for surveys and pop-up locations.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 21
Public Meetings
Six public meetings were held in the City of San Bernardino. Flyers were posted beforehand to
inform the public of the meetings. To maximize attendance, they were offered at different
locations and times of the day. Three meetings were held during the day and three were held in
the evening. Appendix Community Engagement Summary includes a flyer of the public
meetings listed.
A total of 65 people attended these forums. Those in attendance included local residents,
service providers, and members of the business community. The notes and feedback were
helpful in identifying priorities, creating a dialogue with the attendees, and gaining input from
stakeholders and the public.
Six community engagement meetings were held in January 2020:
Akoma Unity Center, 1367 N. California Street, San Bernardino, Saturday, January 18,
2020, 9:30 AM-11:30 AM, 15 people in attendance
Rezek Center – St. Bernardine Medical Center, 2101 N. Waterman Ave., San
Bernardino, Tuesday, January 21, 2020, 11 AM–1 PM, 15 people in attendance
Maplewood Homes, 906 Wilson St., San Bernardino, Wednesday, January 22, 2020, 4
PM–5 PM, 20 people in attendance
Olive Meadows, 610 East Olive Street, San Bernardino, Thursday, January 23, 4 PM–5
PM, 2 residents in attendance
Valencia Vista, 950 N. Valencia Ave., San Bernardino, Thursday, January 23, 2020, 5
PM–6:30 PM, 0 people in attendance
San Bernardino Valley College, 701 S. Mt. Vernon Ave., San Bernardino, Friday,
January 24, 2020, 9 AM – 10:30 PM, 9 people in attendance
Stakeholder Consultations
A combination of in-person meetings, one-on-one phone conversations, and emails were held
as consultations with various service providers to obtain feedback. The feedback was especially
helpful in identifying gaps in services, trends in the local community, and needs relating to
specific services and populations. The agencies that provided feedback are listed in Table 2. A
sample list of questions that were asked during the stakeholder interviews can be found in
Appendix Community Engagement Summary.
Public Hearings and 30-Day Public Review Period of Draft Consolidated Plan
The City will hold a Council public hearing on March 18, 2020, to review the draft ConPlan, and
on April 15, 2020, to review and approve the final plan. The City posted notice of the public
hearings and draft ConPlan on February 27 for the first public hearing and March 12 for the
second hearing. The 30-day public review period began on March 12, 2020 and ended on
April 15, 2020.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 22
Housing Summit
A housing summit was held on February 6, 2020, from 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM. The summit
gathered community leaders, agency representatives, service providers, planning professionals,
developers, business owners, and others to learn the current state of housing, jobs, and
development opportunities. The summit also identified public safety concerns, the need for
diverse housing options (both emergency and long term), ways to develop new and improve
existing housing stock, how to expand opportunities to advance workforce and build community
wealth, and community health including physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The summit
was also held to help build partnerships to address the City's most immediate needs and learn
new ideas for long-range planning.
Citizen Participation Process Impact on Goal Setting
Feedback from the citizen participation process is essential to setting goals and strategic
planning as it relates to the ConPlan. For example, comments from stakeholders provided
feedback for the Needs Assessment and Market Analysis in the ConPlan, especially concerning
special needs populations, non-housing community development, and barriers to affordable
housing. The results from the survey and comments from the public also helped identify areas
of concern for housing, public services, and community development needs as related to local
data. The feedback was especially useful in assessing the priority needs and goal setting for the
Strategic Plan section of the Consolidated Plan. Additionally, input obtained from community
engagement offered more insight into priority needs and areas needing the most neighborhood
revitalization.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 23
Citizen Participation Outreach
Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of
Outreach
Summary of
response/
attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of
comments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If
applica
ble)
1 Public
Meetings
Non-targeted/broad
community
A total of 65
individuals
attended the six
public meetings
or forums.
The priority
needs
discussed at
the meetings
were:
Housing:
Housing
programs for
people with
disabilities and
mental health
services
Affordable
housing
N/A N/A
Homeless:
Veteran’s
homeless
assistance
Outreach to
people on the
streets
Services:
Jobs – Need to
bring more
businesses to
San Bernardino
At-risk youth
Public
Facilities:
Facilities for At-
risk youth
Programs for
low-income
communities,
e.g., Olive
Meadows and
Valencia
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 24
Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of
Outreach
Summary of
response/
attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of
comments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If
applica
ble)
Public
Improvements:
Downtown
Rehabilitation –
Look at what is
working in
other areas and
implement it in
downtown.
Bring more
social and
community
events.
Need for
pedestrian and
traffic calming
amenities on
9th Street and
Olive Street
and Valencia
Ave
2 Housing
Summit
Providers of services
to community
citizens
41 attendees
from 31
organizations
participated
Stakeholders
provided input
into the needs
of residents in
the City
N/A N/A
3 Stakeholder
Interviews
Providers of services
to community
citizens
15 stakeholders
participated
Stakeholders
provided input
into the needs
of residents in
the City
N/A N/A
4 Community
Needs Survey
Non-targeted/broad
community
1,011 responses
to the survey
Survey results
provided input
regarding
needs for
public services,
facilities,
infrastructure,
and housing
needs.
N/A N/A
5 Pop-up
Events
Non-targeted/broad
community
314 responses to
the survey
Survey results
provided input
regarding
needs for
public services,
facilities,
infrastructure,
and housing
needs.
N/A N/A
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 25
Sort
Order
Mode of
Outreach
Target of
Outreach
Summary of
response/
attendance
Summary of
Comments
received
Summary of
comments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If
applica
ble)
6 Newspaper
ad and email
to advertise
public
meetings
Non-targeted/broad
community Providers
of services to
community citizens
Representatives
from community
service
organizations
attended public
meetings.
No comments
were received.
N/A N/A
7 Public
Hearings
Non-targeted/broad
community
[To be filled in
once completed]
[To be filled in
once
completed]
N/A N/A
8 30-Day Public
Review
Period
Non-targeted/broad
community
[To be filled in
once completed]
[To be filled in
once
completed]
N/A N/A
Table 4 – Citizen Participation Outreach
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 26
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
NA-05 Overview
Needs Assessment Overview
The Needs Assessment is a collection and analysis of data that assesses the extent of housing
problems and housing needs for residents of the City of San Bernardino. The assessment
focuses on affordable housing, special needs housing, community development, and
homelessness. The information in this section was gathered from HUD’s Comprehensive
Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data, American Community Survey (ACS) data, and
various other online and City resources.
Salient findings are summarized below, followed by definitions of commonly used terms.
NA-10 Housing Needs Assessment
As seen in Table 5, San Bernardino has a population of 214,115 persons and a total of 57,547
households. Nearly 59 percent of households in San Bernardino (33,760 total) qualify as low- to
moderate-income, earning up to 80 percent of HUD Area Median Family Income (HAMFI).
Low-income households experience housing problems (substandard housing,
overcrowded and severely overcrowded housing, cost burden, and severe cost burden)
at a greater rate than other income categories. To illustrate, 90 percent of low-income
households experience housing problems (Table 7).
Low-moderate income (LMI) renter households experience housing problems at a higher
rate (60 percent) than LMI owner households (44 percent).
Housing cost burden is the most common housing problem in the City. The majority of
low-income households (72.6 percent) are affected by housing cost burden, which
represents almost 20 percent of all San Bernardino households (Table 7).
Many of San Bernardino’s extremely low-income households (42 percent) are small
families (four persons or less), which shows a need for smaller (one, two, or three
bedroom) affordable housing units. (Table 6).
NA-15 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Problems
Building on the identified housing problems in the City, this assessment examines
whether housing problems are concentrated among minority groups. A
disproportionately greater need exists when the members of racial or ethnic group at a
given income level experience housing problems at a greater rate (10 percentage points
or more) than the income level as a whole. A key takeaway from this section includes
that American Indian/Alaska Native households experience housing problems at a
disproportionate rate across all income brackets (Tables 13, 14, 15 and 16).
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 27
NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems
This section identifies minority racial and ethnic groups of different income categories that
experience disproportionate need specifically for severe housing problems: severe
overcrowding and severe cost burden. A household is considered severely overcrowded when
there are more than 1.5 persons per room and severely cost burdened when paying more than
50 percent of household income toward housing costs.
Asian households are disproportionately affected by severe housing problems. Overall,
49 percent of LMI Asian households have at least one severe housing problem
compared to all LMI households in the jurisdiction (Table 19).
NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burden
Housing cost burden is the most common housing problem experienced by households in the
City. This section evaluates the minority racial and ethnic groups that exhibit disproportionate
need compared to the jurisdiction as a whole. A household is considered to experience housing
cost burden when at least 30 percent of the monthly income is required to cover housing costs.
As a whole, 23 percent of households in the City are cost burdened and 26 percent are
severely cost burdened (Table 21).
While no households experience disproportionate need, Black/African American
households have the highest rates of severe cost burden at 33 percent (Table 21).
NA-30 Disproportionately Greater Need: Discussion
San Bernardino’s minority racial and ethnic groups were found to experience housing problems
at a greater rate of incidence than the region as whole, often exhibiting disproportionate need.
Asian, Black/African American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and Pacific Islander
households are disproportionately affected by housing problems in the City. Overall, 76
percent of LMI Black/African American households, 65 percent of LMI Asian households,
82 percent of LMI American Indian and Alaskan Native households, and 90 percent of
LMI Pacific Islander households have at least one housing problem (NA-15).
Stakeholder consultations conducted with public agencies, advocates, and local experts
have identified the need for transit, workforce training, additional affordable housing in
safe areas, and rehabilitation of existing units for low- to moderate-income households.
NA-35 Public Housing
The Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) administers the housing
choice voucher (HCV) program across the County, including the City, and manages the public
housing units in the City. The HACSB manages multiple public housing units in the City: 154
public housing units at the Maplewood Homes Community, 338 units at Wilson Street
Apartments, 400 units at Arrowhead Grove, and various scattered sites throughout the City. The
HACSB is currently accepting applications (in early 2020) for Crestview Terrace, a new
community on the site of the former Waterman Gardens under construction in the City of San
Bernardino. This property will have 116 new units for occupancy, ranging from one to five
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 28
bedrooms. In addition to public housing, there are approximately 3,000 affordable units, and
approximately 2,600 HCV holders live in the City.
This assessment examines the characteristics of public housing units in San Bernardino County
and identifies challenges facing voucher holders and public housing residents.
The average annual income of all vouchers holders is approximately $14,084, which
indicates these voucher holders have limited income to cover basic transportation,
medical, food, and personal needs (Table 23).
5,277 voucher holders (37 percent) have requested some type of accessible feature,
indicating high demand for affordable housing and permanent housing that is equipped
to support special needs populations, such as persons with disabilities and elderly
persons.
NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment
The extent and nature of homelessness in San Bernardino is discussed in the assessment,
including the chronically homeless, families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth.
The City’s understanding of the homeless population primarily relies on the annual San
Bernardino County Homeless Point-In-Time Count, which provides data specific to the City.
As of 2019, there are an estimated 890 persons experiencing homelessness in the City
of San Bernardino; 639 of these individuals are unsheltered homeless and 251 are
sheltered homeless.
Seventy-one percent of the City’s homeless population reported to have lived in San
Bernardino before becoming homeless.
NA-45 Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment
This assessment identifies special needs populations that are more vulnerable to
homelessness, including elderly, frail elderly, persons with disabilities, single-parent
households, large family households, persons with HIV/AIDS and their families, public housing
residents, and victims of domestic and other similar types of violence.
Based on consultations with local San Bernardino agencies and service providers, the
City’s services and assistance programs, including those for new immigrants, persons
with mental illness and substance abuse, and persons fleeing domestic violence, are, as
in other jurisdictions in the area, inadequate to the rising number of persons burdened by
these issues.
NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs
Lastly, the Needs Assessment will address the need for public facilities, public improvements,
public services, and other eligible Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) uses. This
information is compiled from the results of the community survey and consultation responses.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 29
In total, 1,011 survey responses were received and approximately 12 stakeholder
organizations participated in the process. Several residents provided feedback at
community meetings and pop-up events.
Priority projects identified by community meeting participants included facilities for at-risk
youth, pedestrian improvements, and traffic-calming measures.
Definitions:
The following are definitions of housing problems and family type that will be further analyzed in
the sections below.
Income:
Low- to Moderate-Income (LMI) – HUD classifies LMI individuals and households as
those whose incomes are at or below 80 percent of the area median family income
(AMI).
Extremely low-income – Households earning 0 percent to 30 percent of the AMI.
Very low-income – Households earning 31 percent to 50 percent of the AMI.
Low-income – Households earning 51 percent to 80 percent of the AMI.
HUD Area Median Family Income (HAMFI) – For the purposes of this Needs
Assessment, the terms ―area median income‖ (AMI) or ―median family income‖ (MFI)
used in CHAS data sources refers to HAMFI.
Housing Problem(s) or Condition(s):
Substandard Housing – Lacking complete plumbing or kitchen facilities. This includes
households without hot and cold piped water, a flush toilet and a bathtub or shower; or
kitchen facilities that lack a sink with piped water, a range or stove, or a refrigerator.
Overcrowded – Households having complete kitchens and bathrooms but housing more
than 1.01 to 1.5 persons per room, excluding bathrooms, porches, foyers, halls, or half -
rooms.
Severely Overcrowded – Households having complete kitchens and bathrooms but
housing more than 1.51 persons per room, excluding bathrooms, porches, foyers, halls,
or half-rooms.
Housing Cost Burden – This is represented by the fraction of a household’s total gross
income spent on housing costs. For renters, housing costs include rent paid by the
tenant plus utilities. For owners, housing costs include mortgage payment, taxes,
insurance, and utilities.
A household is considered to be cost burdened if the household is spending
more than 30 percent of its monthly income on housing costs.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 30
A household is considered severely cost burdened if the household is spending
more than 50 percent of its monthly income on housing costs.
For renters, housing costs include rent paid by the tenant plus utilities. For
owners, housing costs include mortgage payment, taxes, insurance, and utilities.
Family Type(s):
Small Related – The number of family households with two to four related members.
Large Related – The number of family households with five or more related members.
Elderly – A household whose head, spouse, or sole member is a person who is at least
62 years of age.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 31
NA-10 Housing Needs Assessment - 24 CFR 91.205 (a,b,c)
Summary of Housing Needs
Demographics Base Year: 2009 Most Recent Year: 2015 % Change
Population 209,924 214,115 2%
Households 57,547 57,580 0%
Median Income $39,405.00 $37,047.00 -6%
Table 5 - Housing Needs Assessment Demographics
Data Source: 2005-2009 ACS (Base Year), 2011-2015 ACS (Most Recent Year)
Number of Households Table
0-30%
HAMFI
>30-50%
HAMFI
>50-80%
HAMFI
>80-
100%
HAMFI
>100%
HAMFI
Total
Small Family Households 5,535 4,230 4,845 2,535 8,815 25,960
Large Family Households 2,765 2,225 2,574 1,404 3,150 12,118
Household contains at least one
person 62-74 years of age 1,735 1,815 1,974 1,199 3,765 10,488
Household contains at least one
person age 75 or older 1,085 975 895 509 1,350 4,814
Households with one or more
children 6 years old or younger 4,204 2,905 3,040 1,610 2,319 11,759
Total Households 13,335 9,795 10,630 6,275 17,550 57,585
Table 6 - Total Households
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 32
Housing Needs Summary Tables
Housing Problems (Households with one of the listed needs)
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Substandard
Housing -
Lacking complete
plumbing or
kitchen facilities
355
60%
100
17%
120
20%
20
3% 595
40
45%
0
-
45
51%
4
5% 89
Severely
Overcrowded -
With >1.51
people per room
(and complete
kitchen and
plumbing)
1,060
56%
490
26%
145
8%
200
11% 1,895
90
17%
90
17%
245
43%
150
26% 575
Overcrowded -
With 1.01-1.5
people per room
(and none of the
above problems)
1,535
44%
905
23%
735
21%
335
10% 3,510
250
16%
375
24%
575
36%
380
24% 1,580
Housing cost
burden greater
than 50% of
income (and
none of the
above problems)
5,310
65%
2,510
31%
370
5%
25
0.3% 8,215
1,390
41%
1,110
33%
744
22%
170
5% 3,414
Housing cost
burden greater
than 30% of
income (and
none of the
above problems)
555
8%
1,860
33%
2,454
43%
815
14% 5,684
300
9%
785
23%
1,540
45%
804
23% 3,429
Zero/negative
Income (and
none of the
above problems) 920
100%
0
-
0
-
0
- 920
185
100%
0
-
0
-
0
- 185
Table 7 – Housing Problems 1
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 33
Housing Problems 2 (Households with one or more Severe Housing Problems: Lacks kitchen or
complete plumbing, severe overcrowding, severe cost burden)
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Having 1
or more of
four
housing
problems
8,265
58%
4,005
28%
1,370
7%
580
4% 14,220
1,770
31%
1,575
28%
1,604
28%
710
13% 5,659
Having
none of
four
housing
problems
1,525
14%
2,525
24%
4,059
38%
2,480
23% 10,589
670
8%
1,685
20%
3,590
42%
2,505
30% 8,450
Household
has
negative
income,
but none
of the
other
housing
problems
920
100%
0
-
0
-
0
- 920
185
100%
0
-
0
-
0
- 185
Table 8 – Housing Problems 2
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Cost Burden > 30%
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Small Related 3,905 2,870 1,635 8,410 705 745 1,165 2,615
Large Related 2,120 1,120 674 3,914 435 685 655 1,775
Elderly 895 830 245 1,970 630 515 524 1,669
Other 1,575 840 680 3,095 230 270 260 760
Total need by
income
8,495 5,660 3,234 17,389 2,000 2,215 2,604 6,819
Table 9 – Cost Burden > 30%
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 34
Cost Burden > 50%
Renter Owner
0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total 0-30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Small Related 3,710 1,475 245 5,430 595 425 380 1,400
Large Related 1,810 520 35 2,365 345 365 160 870
Elderly 745 495 50 1,290 460 325 194 979
Other 1,385 465 90 1,940 210 145 25 380
Total need by
income
7,650 2,955 420 11,025 1,610 1,260 759 3,629
Table 10 – Cost Burden > 50%
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Crowding (More than one person per room)
Renter Owner
0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total 0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
>80-
100%
AMI
Total
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
Single family
households 2,310 1,215 695 340 4,560 210 365 530 330 1,435
Multiple, unrelated
family households 280 215 230 150 875 100 100 290 195 685
Other, non-family
households 65 0 0 39 104 30 0 0 10 40
Total need by
income
2,655 1,430 925 529 5,539 340 465 820 535 2,160
Table 11 – Crowding Information – 1/2
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Renter Owner
0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total 0-
30%
AMI
>30-
50%
AMI
>50-
80%
AMI
Total
Households with
Children Present
- - - - - - - -
Table 12 – Crowding Information – 2/2
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 35
Describe the number and type of single person households in need of housing
assistance.
According to the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, there are 11,511 single-person households
in the City, which represents 19 percent of households in San Bernardino (Table 5). Based on
the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, single-person households are primarily persons between
35 and 64 years of age (49 percent); however, persons over 65 years make up 38 percent of
single-person households. The housing needs of elderly persons may be more problematic to
meet than for other residents since the elderly are often living on a fixed income and many have
special housing and care needs. The ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates shows that 17.2
percent of persons living below the poverty level ($12,140 for a single-person household) are
seniors over the age of 65 years.
Estimate the number and type of families in need of housing assistance who are
disabled or victims of domestic violence, dating violence, se xual assault and
stalking.
Persons with Disabilities:
According to the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, approximately 12.5 percent (26,221
persons) of the population living in San Bernardino is affected by one or more disabilities. The
most prevalent disability affecting this population is ambulatory difficulties, with 53 percent of
persons experiencing disabilities having an ambulatory difficulty. This is closely followed by
cognitive difficulty at 47 percent.
The symptoms and functional impairments that result from disabling health and behavioral
health conditions can make it difficult for people to earn income from employment. Income from
disability benefits, such as Supplemental Security Income, is not always sufficient to afford rent
without additional assistance. Of 348 survey respondents in the 2019 San Bernardino Homeless
Point-In-Time Count, 26 unsheltered adults (7.5 percent) in the City reported to have
developmental disabilities and 79 unsheltered adults (22.7 percent) reported to have a mental
health disability or disorder that affect their ability to live independently.
Victims of Domestic Violence:
In 2017, the state of California saw 169,362 domestic-violence related calls.3 The California
Department of Justice data reports that calls for services related to domestic violence in San
Bernardino County increased by 51 percent since 2014, with 12,012 calls documented in
2017—7 percent of all calls within California. ACS 2013-2107 data shows that residents of San
Bernardino County (2,121,220 persons) make up 5.4 percent of the state’s population
(38,982,847 persons). Nationwide data is collected annually during a 24-hour Census period; on
September 13, 2017, 19,147 domestic violence-related calls were received by local and state
hotline staff of the 1,694 out of 1,873 (90%) participating domestic violence programs, and the
National Domestic Violence Hotline staff answered 2,205 calls or texts.4 This averages more
3 https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/data-stories/2018/domestic-violence-related-calls-assistance-reported-2009-2018
4 https://nnedv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/NNEDV-2017-Census-Report-National-Summary-FINAL.pdf
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 36
than 14 calls every minute. If this level of need continues, the hotlines would receive more than
7.5 million calls per year; the hotlines do not include the supportive services needed to help a
victim and their family.
This reflects the larger trend of a rise in violent crime in San Bernardino County. The San
Bernardino County Community Indicator Report finds that violent crime has increased by 20
percent since 2014, and specifically the rate of rape increased 74 percent since 2014 (California
Department of Justice, 2017 data). In the state of California overall, after reaching a low in 2014,
the violent crime rate increased by 13 percent from 2014 to 2017, with rape specifically
increasing by 34 percent, although this drastic increase is much lower than the County’s during
the same period.5 Domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking can be
precursors to homelessness. The 2019 San Bernardino Homeless Point-In-Time survey
identified 35 persons residing in the City who were experiencing homelessness due to flee ing
domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, representing 10.1 percent of
the 348 persons experiencing homelessness residing in the City who participated in the survey.
What are the most common housing problems?
As shown in Table 7 (Housing Problems Table), housing cost burden is the most common
housing problem experienced by both renters and homeowners. Of the 57,580 households in
the city, 20 percent experience severe cost burden (more than 50 percent of monthly earnings
going toward housing costs) and 16 percent experience cost burden (more than 30 percent of
monthly earnings going toward housing costs).
Are any populations/household types more affected than others by these
problems?
Forty-six percent of the City’s households are small families. Since small households comprise
the largest type of household and since 55 percent of these households are also low-income,
they could be more significantly affected by housing problems.
Across all categories (substandard housing, overcrowding, and cost burden), renter households
consistently experience housing problems at a greater rate than owner-occupied households
(Table 7 – Housing Problems Table). LMI renter households experience housing problems at a
higher rate (60 percent) than LMI owner households (44 percent). The disparity between renters
and homeowners is most significant for households experiencing severe housing cost burden
(more than 50 percent of monthly earnings going toward housing costs), where of the 11,629
households experiencing severe cost burden, 71 percent are renter households. This is followed
by housing cost burden (more than 30 percent of monthly earnings going toward housing costs),
where 62 percent of the total number of households experiencing cost burden are renter
households. As discussed in the previous question, housing cost burden represents the most
common housing challenge.
5 https://openjustice.doj.ca.gov/data-stories/2018/crime-reported-2009-2018
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 37
Describe the characteristics and needs of Low -income individuals and families
with children (especially extremely low -income) who are currently housed but are
at imminent risk of either residing in shelters or becoming unsheltered
91.205(c)/91.305(c)). Also discuss the needs of formerly homeless families and
individuals who are receiving rapid re-housing assistance and are nearing the
termination of that assistance
Just over 23 percent of households in San Bernardino (13,335 households) qualify as extremely
low-income (Table 6), largely unchanged since 2015 when the 2015-2019 Consolidated Plan
was prepared. Small families (families of four persons or less) comprise 42 percent (5,535
households) of the City’s extremely low-income households. Further, almost a third (4,204)
extremely low-income households have at least one child six years or younger. Compounding
financial demands that affect low-income families with small children can lead to a high risk of
homelessness. Families that rely on low-wage jobs often work nonstandard and/or inflexible
hours, which can be restrictive to families with both school-age and young children. Additionally,
low-wage jobs have less access to paid leave or health insurance as compared to high-wage
jobs, further exacerbating stress on families with limited resources when children experience
injuries and illness.
As evidenced by the number of extremely low-income households experiencing housing cost
burden and severe cost burden, affordable housing is a significant need for extremely low-
income households in the City. Additionally, supportive services such as access to affordable
health care, childcare, nutrition assistance, public transportation, and short-term financial
assistance (first/last month’s rent, security deposit, and moving costs) relieve the financial
burden for extremely low-income families and can help prevent homelessness.
Rapid rehousing assistance is an integral component of San Bernardino County’s response to
homelessness. Rapid rehousing is designed to help individuals and families quickly exit
homelessness and return to permanent housing through a ―housing first‖ approach where the
recipients of assistance do not need to graduate through a series of services before reaching
permanent housing. Based on the Rapid Rehousing Program Standards, Practices, & Model
Guidelines adopted by the San Bernardino County Homeless Partnership in January 2019, the
program prioritizes a housing first approach to assisting homeless families with children,
recognizing that the crisis of homelessness is preventative to obtaining housing and maintaining
stability (such as finding affordable housing, employment, assistance programs, etc.). By
providing permanent housing quickly, the family is more likely to establish a stable housing
situation and avoid returning to homelessness. Rapid rehousing provides community benefits
through improving the effectiveness of the County’s homeless services and reducing demand
for shelters and other temporary solutions.
If a jurisdiction provides estimates of the at-risk population(s), it should also
include a description of the operational definition of the at-risk group and the
methodology used to generate the estimates:
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 38
The City generally defines those households of extremely low incomes and those living below
the poverty status to be at risk of becoming homeless. The estimates are based on CHAS data
provided by HUD and on ACS data by the US Census Bureau, respectively.
Specify particular housing characteristics that have been linked with instability
and an increased risk of homelessness
As shown in Tables 8, 9, 10, and 11, housing problems and severe housing problems occur at
a higher rate among very low- and extremely low-income households. Cost burden,
overcrowding, and poor housing conditions, particularly for renters, all link to an instability in
housing that can lead to homelessness. Many low‐income households have difficulty finding
reasonably affordable, suitable rental housing. The lack of options available for these
populations leads to housing problems and severe housing problems. Households in the very
low- and extremely low-income categories live in housing above their means and face cost
burden. Alternatively, they avoid high housing costs by living in substandard housing or with
other families or extended families, which contributes to overcrowding.
Discussion
Overall, this assessment finds that:
LMI households (earning less than 80% AMI) experience housing problems at a greater
rate than households that do not fall in lower income categories. Housing problems are
more frequent among households that rent their home as compared to households that
own their home.
extremely low-income renters make up the majority of household types experiencing
housing problems. Extremely low-income households, for both renter and owner-
occupied households, are more likely to experience more than one housing problem,
with over half of the households (55 percent) experiencing more than one housing
problem falling within the extremely low-income bracket.
The above findings indicate a lack of affordable housing available to lower income renters, but
especially housing that would be affordable to extremely low-income households. Results from
the community meeting corroborate these findings. Attendees identified affordable housing and,
specifically, housing programs that support persons with disabilities and mental health issues as
priority housing needs for the City.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 39
NA-15 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Problems – 91.205 (b)(2)
Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in
comparison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.
Introduction
For the purposes of this ConPlan, disproportionately greater need is assumed to exist when the
percentage of persons in a category of need who are members of a particular racial or ethnic
group is at least 10 percentage points higher than the percentage point of persons in the
category as a whole. A household is considered to have a housing problem when their home
lacks complete kitchen or plumbing facilities, when there is more than one person per room, or
when a cost burden (30% or more of income toward housing) exists.
Tables 13, 14, 15, and 16 demonstrate the disproportionately greater need across the lower-
income levels (0%–30%, 30%–50%, and 50%–80% of AMI). Consistently, across each of the
income brackets shown below, American Indian/Alaska Native households experience housing
problems at a disproportionate rate. Conversely, White households never exceed the
jurisdictional rate for housing problems across all households. It should be noted that the
sample sizes for both American Indians/Alaska Native and Pacific Islander households are
comparatively small, which may mean the data is not accurate.
0%-30% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 10,885 1,340 1,105
White 1,760 255 365
Black/African American 2,400 325 335
Asian 395 165 70
American Indian/Alaska Native 8 0 0
Pacific Islander 10 0 4
Hispanic 6,110 565 255
Table 13 - Disproportionally Greater Need 0 - 30% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More
than one person per room, 4. Cost burden greater than 30%
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 40
30%-50% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 8,225 1,575 0
White 1,360 360 0
Black/African American 1,405 390 0
Asian 230 95 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 15 0 0
Pacific Islander 10 0 0
Hispanic 4,925 695 0
Table 14 - Disproportionally Greater Need 30 - 50% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More
than one person per room, 4. Cost burden greater than 30%
50%-80% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 6,968 3,660 0
White 1,109 920 0
Black/African American 1,120 445 0
Asian 225 125 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 50 15 0
Pacific Islander 20 0 0
Hispanic 4,279 2,080 0
Table 15 - Disproportionally Greater Need 50 - 80% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More
than one person per room, 4. Cost burden greater than 30%
80%-100% of Area Median Income
Housing Problems
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 41
Housing Problems
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 2,909 3,360 0
White 555 855 0
Black African American 470 355 0
Asian 135 185 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 25 0 0
Pacific Islander 0 0 0
Hispanic 1,729 1,945 0
Table 16 - Disproportionally Greater Need 80 - 100% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3. More
than one person per room, 4. Cost burden greater than 30%
Discussion
The following summarizes the needs of racial and ethnic households by income bracket. Racial
and ethnic household groups that experience housing problems at disproportionate rates are
bolded.
Eighty-two percent of households with 0%-30% AMI experience at least one severe housing
problem:
One hundred percent of American Indian/Alaska Native households experience at least
one housing problem.
Seventy-one percent of Pacific Islander households experience at least one housing
problem.
Seventy-eight percent of Black/African American households experience at least one
housing problem.
Seventy-four percent of White households experience at least one housing problem.
Sixty-three percent of Asian households experience at least one housing problem.
Eighty-eight percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Eighty-four percent of households with 30%-50% AMI experience at least one housing problem:
One hundred percent of American Indian/Alaska Native households experience at least
one housing problem.
One hundred percent of Pacific Islander households experience at least one housing
problem.
Seventy-eight percent of Black/African American households experience at least one
housing problem.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 42
Seventy-nine percent of White households experience at least one housing problem.
Seventy-one percent of Asian households experience at least one housing problem.
Eighty-eight percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Sixty-six percent of households with 50%-80% AMI experience at least one housing problem:
Seventy-seven percent of American Indian/Alaska Native households experience at
least one housing problem.
One hundred percent of Pacific Islander households experience at least one housing
problem.
Seventy-two percent of Black/African American households experience at least one
housing problem.
Fifty-five percent of White households experience at least one housing problem.
Sixty-four percent of Asian households experience at least one housing problem.
Sixty-seven percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Forty-six percent of households with 80%-100% AMI experience at least one housing problem:
One hundred percent of American Indian/Alaska Native households experience at least
one housing problem.
There is no data for Pacific Islander households in this income bracket.
Fifty-seven percent of Black/African American households experience at least one
housing problem.
Thirty-nine percent of White households experience at least one housing problem.
Forty-two percent of Asian households experience at least one housing problem.
Forty-seven percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
In summary, American Indian/Alaska Native are disproportionately affected by housing
problems across all categories. Pacific Islander households are disproportionately affected in
almost every category where there is data for their households, with exception for extremely
low-income households (0%-30% AMI).
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 43
NA-20 Disproportionately Greater Need: Severe Housing Problems – 91.205
(b)(2)
Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in
comparison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.
Introduction:
A household is considered severely overcrowded when there are more than 1.5 persons per
room and severely cost burdened when paying more than 50 percent of household income
toward housing costs. For renters, housing costs include rent paid by the tenant plus utilities.
For owners, housing costs include mortgage payment, taxes, insurance, and utilities.
Per HUD definitions, disproportionate housing needs are defined as ―significant disparities in the
proportion of members of a protected class experiencing a category of housing need when
compared to the proportion of members of any other relevant groups or the total population
experiencing that category of housing need in the applicable geographic area‖ (24 CFR §
5.152). For the purposes of this ConPlan, a disproportionate need refers to a group that has
housing needs which are at least 10 percentage points higher than the total population.
0%-30% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 10,035 2,195 1,105
White 1,480 540 365
Black/African American 2,280 450 335
Asian 325 230 70
American Indian/Alaska Native 8 0 0
Pacific Islander 10 0 4
Hispanic 5,750 925 255
Table 17 – Severe Housing Problems 0 - 30% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3.
More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost burden over 50%
30%-50% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 44
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 5,580 4,210 0
White 930 790 0
Black/African American 970 825 0
Asian 140 185 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 10 4 0
Pacific Islander 10 0 0
Hispanic 3,295 2,320 0
Table 18 – Severe Housing Problems 30 - 50% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3.
More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost burden over 50%
50%-80% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 2,974 7,649 0
White 414 1,615 0
Black/African American 285 1,280 0
Asian 180 175 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 19 50 0
Pacific Islander 20 0 0
Hispanic 2,020 4,339 0
Table 19 – Severe Housing Problems 50 - 80% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3.
More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost burden over 50%
80%-100% of Area Median Income
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Jurisdiction as a whole 1,290 4,985 0
White 140 1,265 0
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 45
Severe Housing Problems*
Has one or more
of four housing
problems
Has none of the
four housing
problems
Household has
no/negative
income, but none
of the other
housing problems
Black/African American 155 665 0
Asian 80 245 0
American Indian/Alaska Native 25 0 0
Pacific Islander 0 0 0
Hispanic 890 2,779 0
Table 20 – Severe Housing Problems 80 - 100% AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
*The four severe housing problems are: 1. Lacks complete kitchen facilities, 2. Lacks complete plumbing facilities, 3.
More than 1.5 persons per room, 4. Cost burden over 50%
Discussion:
The following is an analysis of the rates of severe housing problems amongst racial and ethnic
minorities of different income categories in comparison to the overall rate of severe housing
problems. Racial and ethnic household groups that experience severe housing problems at
disproportionate rate are bolded. Overall, Asian households earning between 50-80 percent
AMI disproportionately experience severe housing problems.
Seventy-five percent of households with 0%-30% AMI experience at least one severe housing
problem:
Seventy-four percent of Black/African American households experience at least one
severe housing problem.
Sixty-two percent of White households experience at least one severe housing problem.
Fifty-two percent of Asian households experience at least one severe housing problem.
Eighty-three percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Fifty-seven percent of households with 30%-50% AMI experience at least one severe housing
problem:
Fifty-four percent of Black/African American households experience at least one severe
housing problem.
Fifty-four percent of White households experience at least one severe housing problem.
Forty-three percent of Asian households experience at one severe housing problem.
Fifty-nine percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Twenty-eight percent of households with 50%-80% AMI experience at least one severe housing
problem:
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 46
Eighteen percent of Black/African American households experience at least one severe
housing problem.
Twenty percent of White households experience at least one severe housing problem.
Fifty-one percent of Asian households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
Thirty-two percent of Hispanic households experience at least one severe housing
problem.
In summary, Asian households are disproportionately affected by severe housing problems.
Overall, 49 percent of LMI Asian households have at least one severe housing problem.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 47
NA-25 Disproportionately Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens – 91.205
(b)(2)
Assess the need of any racial or ethnic group that has disproportionately greater need in
comparison to the needs of that category of need as a whole.
Introduction:
A household is considered cost burdened if they pay more than 30 percent of their household
income toward housing costs.
Per HUD definitions, disproportionate housing needs are defined as ―significant disparities in the
proportion of members of a protected class experiencing a category of housing need when
compared to the proportion of members of any other relevant groups or the total population
experiencing that category of housing need in the applicable geographic area‖ (24 CFR §
5.152). For the purposes of this ConPlan, a disproportionate need refers to a group that has
housing needs which are at least 10 percentage points higher than the total population.
Housing Cost Burden
Housing Cost Burden <=30% 30-50% >50%
No / negative
income (not
computed)
Jurisdiction as a whole 28,175 13,053 15,039 1,315
White 8,355 2,655 2,520 440
Black/African American 3,869 2,325 3,259 335
Asian 1,415 380 595 90
American Indian/Alaska
Native 85 30 60 0
Pacific Islander 35 20 20 4
Hispanic 13,940 7,414 8,160 365
Table 21 – Greater Need: Housing Cost Burdens AMI
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Discussion:
As a whole, 23 percent of households are cost burdened and 26 percent are severely cost
burdened. Approximately 19 percent of White households, 24 percent of Black/African American
households, 15 percent of Asian households, and 25 percent of Hispanic households are cost
burdened. No households are disproportionately cost burdened or severely cost burdened.
Overall, there is a high rate of cost burden within the City; however, Black/African American
households have the highest rates of severe cost burden at 33 percent.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 48
NA-30 Disproportionately Greater Need: Discussion – 91.205(b)(2)
Are there any Income categories in which a racial or ethnic group has
disproportionately greater need than the needs of that income category as a
whole?
Asian, Black/African American, American Indian and Alaskan Native, and Pacific Islander
households are disproportionately affected by housing problems in the City. Overall, 76 percent
of LMI Black/African American households, 65 percent of LMI Asian households, 82 percent of
LMI American Indian and Alaskan Native households, and 90 percent of LMI Pacific Islander
households have at least one housing problem.
Asian households are disproportionately affected by severe housing problems. Overall, 49
percent of LMI Asian households have at least one severe housing problem compared to all LMI
households in the jurisdiction.
Citywide, 23 percent of households are cost burdened and 26 percent are severely cost
burdened. Approximately a quarter of Hispanic households and one-third of all Black/African
American households are cost burdened. However, no racial or ethnic groups are
disproportionately cost burdened or severely cost burdened.
Please see discussions in NA-15, NA-20, and NA 25 for more information.
If they have needs not identified above, what are those needs?
Stakeholder consultations have identified the need for transit, workforce training, additional
affordable housing in safe areas, and rehabilitation of existing units for low- to moderate-income
households.
Are any of those racial or ethnic groups located in specific areas or
neighborhoods in your community?
Minority concentration is defined as a census tract where the percentage of individuals of a
particular racial or ethnic minority group is at least 20 percentage points higher than the citywide
average. Minority refers to all ethnic groups other than non-Hispanic White.
The City of San Bernardino is 60 percent White, 16.7 percent Black/African American, 5.7
percent Asian, and 64.3 percent Hispanic (regardless of race). The map below displays census
tracts in the City that have a minority concentration. As displayed in Map 1, five census tracts
have a Hispanic minority concentration.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 49
Map 1 – Areas of Minority Concentration
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 50
NA-35 Public Housing – 91.205(b)
Introduction
The HACSB is the regional entity that manages and maintains housing units and administers Housing Choice Voucher programs
across the County, including the City of San Bernardino. There are approximately 2,600 voucher holders in the City of San
Bernardino.
Over 10,700 housing vouchers are currently active countywide. The majority of voucher holders have a tenant-based voucher, which
is a type of voucher that allows the holder to use the voucher at any housing unit where the landlord will accept it. Current ly, there
are approximately 31,000 households on the Housing Choice Voucher waiting list for project-based and 23,023 for tenant-based
vouchers. Some households are duplicates.
The following tables describe the number of housing vouchers in use within the County and the demographics of those receiving
vouchers. Data on the number of vouchers in use within the City is unavailable.
Totals in Use
Program Type
Certificate Mod-
Rehab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unification
Program
Disabled
*
# of units vouchers in use 0 0 1,177 5,277 517 4,660 54 0 0
Table 22 - Public Housing by Program Type
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
Characteristics of Residents
Program Type
Certificate Mod-Public Vouchers
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 51
Rehab Housing Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unification
Program
Average Annual Income 0 0 13,755 14,084 14,172 13,978 14,467 0
Average length of stay 0 0 6 6 1 7 0 0
Average Household size 0 0 3 2 1 2 1 0
# Homeless at admission 0 0 0 30 1 22 7 0
# of Elderly Program Participants (>62) 0 0 239 1,122 357 754 3 0
# of Disabled Families 0 0 200 1,284 39 1,200 28 0
# of Families requesting accessibility
features 0 0 1,177 5,277 517 4,660 54 0
# of HIV/AIDS program participants 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# of DV victims 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 23 – Characteristics of Public Housing Residents by Program Type
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 52
Race of Residents
Program Type
Race Certificate Mod-
Rehab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unification
Program
Disabled
*
White 0 0 644 2,226 372 1,791 38 0 0
Black/African American 0 0 425 2,911 114 2,763 16 0 0
Asian 0 0 57 94 21 70 0 0 0
American Indian/Alaska
Native 0 0 3 27 5 22 0 0 0
Pacific Islander 0 0 29 12 3 9 0 0 0
Other 0 0 19 7 2 5 0 0 0
Table 24 – Race of Public Housing Residents by Program Type
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
Ethnicity of Residents
Program Type
Ethnicity Certificate Mod-
Rehab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project -
based
Tenant -
based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unification
Program
Disabled
*
Hispanic 0 0 504 1,326 167 1,132 14 0 0
Not Hispanic 0 0 670 3,951 350 3,528 40 0 0
Table 25 – Ethnicity of Public Housing Residents by Program Type
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 53
Section 504 Needs Assessment: Describe the needs of public housing tenants
and applicants on the waiting list for accessible units:
As shown in Table 23, the average annual income of all vouchers holders is approximately
$14,084, which is 22 percent of the County household median income. This indicates these
voucher holders have limited income to cover basic transportation, medical, food, and personal
needs. As indicated in Table 23, 5,277 voucher holders (37 percent) have requested some type
of accessible feature, demonstrating a need. Also, g iven the number of persons with disabilities
across the County, the need for accessible units would be great.
Additionally, for persons with disabilities who are already on the HACSB waiting list, there is a
need for case management and comprehensive support services.
Most immediate needs of residents of Public Housing and Housing Choice
voucher holders
The most immediate need is finding housing units and owners that will accept vouchers.
Additionally, stakeholder interviews identified that housing program waiting lists are too long.
Furthermore, stakeholders identified a need for assistance in the housing program application
process.
As a Moving-to-Work agency, the HACSB is implementing activities designed to increase the
cost effectiveness of federal programs and increase the amount of affordable, quality housing
units. As such, the HACSB is implementing a local project-based voucher program designed to
increase the number of affordable units, a local family self -sufficiency program to increase
household income, and the No Child Left Unsheltered program which provides Housing Choice
Vouchers to eligible homeless families.
How do these needs compare to the housing needs of the population at large
Although Housing Choice Vouchers are available to low-income households, the voucher
program is unable to accommodate all low-income households. As discussed in MA-15, there is
a gap of 11,445 units for households earning between 0 to 30 percent AMI and a gap of 2,750
units for households earning between 30 to 50 percent AMI. Moderate- and above moderate-
income categories are more able to secure affordable housing in the City.
Discussion
Please see discussions above.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 54
NA-40 Homeless Needs Assessment – 91.205(c)
Introduction:
In the most current County Point-in-Time Count (2019), the County identified a total of 2,607
homeless individuals. Of these individuals, 687 are sheltered and 1,920 are unsheltered. There
are an estimated 890 persons experiencing homelessness in the City of San Bernardino.
The table below displays the County’s homeless subpopulations. Information for some
subpopulations were unavailable.
Population
Estimate the # of
persons experiencing
homelessness on a
given night
Estimate the #
experiencing
homelessness
each year
Estimate the
# becoming
homeless
each year
Estimate the #
exiting
homelessness
each year
Estimate the # of
days persons
experience
homelessness
Sheltered Unsheltered
Persons in
Households with
Adult(s) and
Child(ren) - - -
-See discussion below.
Persons in
Households with
Only Children - - -
Persons in
Households with
Only Adults - - -
Chronically
Homeless
Individuals 54 703 757
Chronically
Homeless Families 5 34 39
Veterans 32 175 207
Unaccompanied
Youth 5 - 5
Persons with HIV 6 41 47
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 55
If data is not available for the categories "number of persons becoming and
exiting homelessness each year" and "number of days that persons experience
homelessness," describe these categories for each homeless population type
(including chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children,
veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth):
Subpopulation data is not available for the number of people becoming and exiting
homelessness each year or for the number of days a person experiences homelessness.
However, data is available from the HMIS for the total number of individuals exiting and
reentering homelessness. Between October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019, 426 individuals
exited homelessness from emergency shelters or transitional housing. Of these individuals, 13
percent reentered homelessness within less than six months, 9 percent reentered between 6
and 12 months, and 2 percent reentered between 13 and 24 months. Overall, 25 percent
reentered homelessness within two years.
During the same period, the average length of time being homeless was 118 days and the
median time was 56 days.
Nature and Extent of Homelessness: (Optional)
Jurisdiction Unsheltered Sheltered Total ’18-’19
%
Change 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019
County of San Bernardino 1,443 1,920 675 687 2,118 2,607 23%
City of San Bernardino 333 639 313 251 646 890 37%
Estimate the number and type of families in need of housing assistance for
families with children and the families of veterans.
The 2019 County Point-in-Time count identified 34 homeless families in San Bernardino County.
The count identified four individuals with veteran status within the families surveyed. There were
28 homeless individuals with veteran status residing in the City of San Bernardino.
Describe the Nature and Extent of Homelessness by Racial and Ethnic Group.
The table below displays the race and ethnic composition of homeless individuals reported to be
receiving services within the City by HMIS. Over one-third of homeless individuals are Hispanic
(37.2 percent) or Black/African American (36.8 percent), 19.7 percent are White, and 3.6
percent are multi-racial.
Race/Ethnicity: Number Percent
White 291 19.7%
Black/African American 543 36.8%
Asian 16 1%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 4 0.2%
American Indian or Alaska Native 17 1.2%
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 56
Multi-Racial 53 3.6%
Hispanic 548 37.2%
Data Source: San Bernardino County HMIS, 2020
Out of the 348 Point-In-Time survey respondents residing in the City, 165 (47.4 percent) were
White, 81 (23.3 percent) were Black/African American, 72 (20.7 percent) were multiple races or
other, and 13 (3.7 percent) were American Indian or Alaskan Native.
Describe the Nature and Extent of Unsheltered and Sheltered Homelessness.
There are approximately 639 unsheltered homeless individuals and 251 sheltered homeless
individuals living in the City. According to the Point-in-Time count survey, 17 percent of
unsheltered homeless individuals residing in the City had been homeless for less than a year;
59 percent were homeless between one and five years; 12 percent were homeless between six
and ten years; and 11 percent were homeless for more than ten years. Seventy-one percent of
respondents stated that they lived in the City of San Bernardino before becoming homeless.
Discussion:
As discussed above, there are approximately 890 homeless individuals residing in the City;
however, as identified in MA-30, there are not enough emergency shelter, transitional, rapid
rehousing, or permanent supportive housing beds to accommodate them. The CoC’s service
capacities have increased within the previous five years; however, there is still a need for beds
and additional supportive services.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 57
NA-45 Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment - 91.205 (b,d)
Introduction:
The following section describes the special needs of the following populations:
Elderly households (defined as 62 years and older)
Persons with mental, physical, and/or developmental disabilities
Large households
Female-headed households
Persons living with HIV/AIDS and their families
Describe the characteristics of special needs populations in your community:
Elderly Households
Many elderly people live on fixed incomes, making housing affordability a key issue. Access to
properly sized units, transit, and healthcare are also important concerns of elderly households.
Elderly households may also require residential care from time to time.
Approximately 11 percent of City residents (23,827) are 62 years of age or older.6
Persons with mental, physical, and/or developmental disabilities
Persons with disabilities may require special housing accommodations, such as wheelchair
accessibility and other modifications to live independently. Access to transit is also a high
priority for this population.
According to the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, 26,221 residents (12.5 percent) are living
with a disability. Of those 65 years and older, 46.5 percent are living with a disability.
Large households
Large households may live in overcrowded conditions. Large households, defined as
households with five or more persons, comprise 24 percent of all households in the City. The
table below displays households in the City by persons per households.
Persons Per Household Number Percent
1 Person 11,511 19.7%
2 Persons 13,060 22.4%
3 Persons 9,742 16.7%
4 Persons 9,740 16.6%
5 or More Persons 14,332 24.5%
Total Households 58,385 100%
Table 26 – Household Size
Data Source: ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates
6 ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 58
Female-headed households
Female-headed households may have special needs related to accessing childcare and other
supportive services as well as an increased risk of poverty.7 As displayed in the table below,
female-headed households comprise 35 percent of households with children.
Number Percent
Female Head-of-Household 22,603 35.2%
Total Households (of households with children under 18 years) 64,054 100%
Table 27 – Female-headed Households
Data Source: ACS 2013-2017 5-Year Estimates (B09005)
What are the housing and supportive service needs of these populations and how
are these needs determined?
Elderly, disabled, small, large, and female-headed households and households with children are
a significant portion of the City’s population and tend to have special housing needs that require
diverse types of affordable housing. HACSB does not have enough HCVs to meet the need of
all special needs households.
When surveyed during the community engagement process, residents selected ―construction of
new affordable rental housing‖ as one of the highest priority housing needs in the community.
Additionally, stakeholder interviews identified housing for the physically disabled, mentally ill,
and single women as needs within the City.
Discuss the size and characteristics of the population with HIV/AIDS and their
families within the Eligible Metropolitan Statistical Area:
HIV/AIDS
Those living with HIV/AIDS and their families require stable and affordable housing in order to
consistently access medical care and avoid hospitalizations.
On the county level, there are approximately 4,401 people living with HIV (PLWH).8
Approximately 3,120 PLWH are currently in care and 2,278 are virally suppressed. Statewide,
male-to-male sexual contact is the most common transmission mode at 71.4 percent of all new
cases in 2017. Black/African American individuals make up 35.2 percent of all new
transmissions, followed by Hispanic/Latinx individuals at 14.3 percent, American Indian/Alaskan
Native at 10.8 percent, Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander at 9.1 percent, White at 8.2
percent, and Asian at 6.7 percent.
Discussion:
7 Household Composition and Poverty among Female‐Headed Households with Children: Differences by Race and
Residence. https://doi.org/10.1526/003601106781262007
8 California HIV Surveillance Report 2017.
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DOA/CDPH%20Document%20Library/California%20HIV%20Surveillan
ce%20Report%20-%202017.pdf
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 59
The County provides rapid HIV testing, counseling, prevention education, AIDS Drug Assistance
Program (ADAP), and HIV clinic services for clients who do not qualify for any other medical
resources.
People living with HIV/AIDs require affordable housing to maintain consistent access to medical
care, adhere to medical plans, and avoid hospitalizations. They require affordable housing that
will suit their needs, which include proximity to health care centers.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 60
NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs – 91.215 (f)
Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Facilities:
Community meetings identified the need for facilities for at -risk youth, pedestrian improvements,
and traffic-calming measures. Survey respondents identified the need for community centers,
parks and recreational facilities, youth centers, and healthcare facilities.
How were these needs determined?
The needs were determined through extensive community engagement efforts including a
survey, stakeholder interviews, community meetings, and pop-up events. The survey and pop-
up events sought to solicit feedback from City residents, while stakeholder interviews focused
on community development practitioners and experts. The survey was made available in four
languages and online. In total, 1,011 survey responses were received and approximately 12
stakeholder organizations participated in the process. Several residents provided feedback at
community meetings and pop-up events.
Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Improvements:
Survey respondents identified the need for the following public improvements:
Street/alley/sidewalk improvements
Street lighting improvements
Safe routes to schools
Water/sewage improvements
How were these needs determined?
See the description of community engagement above.
Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Services:
Stakeholders identified the need for the following public services:
Crime reduction
Domestic violence services
Family self-sufficiency programs
Mental health services
Tech literacy education
Vocational training for those with criminal backgrounds
Youth life skill education
Feedback at community meetings identified the need for:
Services for at-risk youth
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 61
Neighborhood revitalization
Survey respondents identified the need for the following:
Programs for at-risk youth
Youth activities
Children after school/summer camp program or services
How were these needs determined?
See the description of community engagement above.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 62
MARKET ANALYSIS
MA-05 Overview
Housing Market Analysis Overview:
This overview summarizes the key points of each section of the market analysis and sets a
basis for some of the funding priorities listed in the Strategic Plan. The Market Analysis
identifies the City’s housing market, which includes the housing stock, the cost of housing in the
City, housing needs for low-income and special needs populations, and barriers to the
development of new housing, especially affordable housing.
As with many suburban cities, the City of San Bernardino is made up mostly of one-unit
detached structures. Multiunit structures make up the second highest portion of housing stock.
Multifamily units have increased more rapidly than single-family development, but only by
approximately two percentage points. The cost of home purchase is more affordable in the City
of San Bernardino compared to other cities in California. However, like the rest of the state, San
Bernardino has followed the same trend of steadily increasing costs for both homeownership
and renting. Housing stock is aging; nearly 70 percent of residential units were built prior to
1980.
There are many housing resources in the City and County for low-income, special needs, and
homeless households. The Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) is the
largest provider of affordable housing in the County. The HACSB owns and/or manages more
than 10,000 housing units and serves approximately 30,000 individuals throughout the County.
For special needs, in the City of San Bernardino alone, there are 39 adult residential facilities
providing capacity to accommodate 835 persons; there are 24 residential elder care facilities in
the City that accommodate 505 persons. Finally, the City utilizes the Emergency Solutions
Grant (ESG) program to support services that include emergency shelter, rapid rehousing,
homelessness prevention, street outreach, and HMIS costs.
There continue to be barriers to the provision of affordable housing. But through many initiatives
and supportive services funded by local and federal resources, efforts are continuously being
made to increase affordable housing units, provide supportive services and job training, and
offer other tools to build the workforce for a strong community.
City of San Bernardino
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MA-10 Number of Housing Units – 91.210(a)&(b)(2)
Introduction
The City is made up mostly of one-unit detached structures, at 61 percent of residential
properties. Multiunit structures make up the second highest percentage at 19 percent of the
housing stock. From 2000 to the present, the development of housing stock has only increased
by three to five percentage points, with multifamily units increasing more rapidly than single-
family detached by approximately two percentage points.
Vacant land is available for immediate residential development in the City. Opportunities for
development are identified in maps in the City’s Housing Element. City policies and goals make
evident that the City is committed to both redevelopment and new development. Areas of
opportunity include infill housing and new development in the Downtown Core as well as along
major corridors.9
A healthy vacancy rate is associated with choice and mobility. A healthy vacancy rate for owner -
occupied housing is 2-3 percent and 5-6 percent for rental units. In 2010, the vacancy rate for
owner-occupied housing was 3.7 percent; in 2017 it was 1.3 percent, 0.7 percent below the
range considered healthy. In 2010, the renter-occupied rate was 6.9 percent, above the healthy
range by 0.9 percent. By 2017, the rental vacancy rate returned to the healthy range at 6
percent.
Residential mobility is influenced by tenure. Ownership housing is associated with a much lower
turnover rate than rental housing. Tenure preferences are primarily related to household
income, composition, and age of the householder. Between 2010 and 2017, the number of
occupied units decreased, and tenure shifted from majority owner-occupied units to majority
renter-occupied units.
All residential properties by number of units
Property Type Number %
1-unit detached structure 37,940 61%
1-unit, attached structure 2,825 5%
2-4 units 5,660 9%
5-19 units 6,460 10%
20 or more units 5,755 9%
Mobile Home, boat, RV, van, etc. 4,045 6%
Total 62,685 100%
Table 28 – Residential Properties by Unit Number
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
9 City of San Bernardino, 2013-2021 Housing Element, January 2014.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 64
Unit Size by Tenure
Owners Renters
Number % Number %
No bedroom 215 1% 1,135 4%
1 bedroom 675 3% 7,460 24%
2 bedrooms 5,620 21% 12,530 41%
3 or more bedrooms 20,520 76% 9,424 31%
Total 27,030 101% 30,549 100%
Table 29 – Unit Size by Tenure
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Describe the number and targeting (income level/type of family served) of units
assisted with federal, state, and local programs.
The City has a total of 25 assisted multifamily housing projects that provide 3,034 affordable
housing units. Fourteen projects (San Bernardino Senior Housing, Sierra Vista, Monte Vista,
Buena Vista, Hacienda, AHEPA 302 Apartments, Arrowhead Vista, The Magnolia, Casa
Bernadine, Casa Ramona, Jeffrey Court, Laurel Place, Light’s Rancho Linda, and The Plaza)
are designated as affordable senior communities and have a combined total of 1,329 units.
Most of the City’s affordable housing was funded by HUD, including Section 202, Section 108,
PRAC, HOME, or HFDA. Many projects were also financed through Low Income Housing Tax
Credits (LIHTC). Affordable housing units also received funding through the former
redevelopment agency or bonds. The HACSB also assisted with the development of the
Medical Center Apartments (287 affordable units).
The City falls within the jurisdiction of the HACSB. The HACSB administers the Housing Choice
Voucher program, which provides rental assistance to income-eligible residents of San
Bernardino by providing monthly rental assistance to participants who rent from a private
landlord but pay only 30 percent of the monthly rental payment, with the rest paid to the landlord
by HUD. In 2018, the HACSB provided 10,120 housing choice vouchers throughout San
Bernardino County and 2,669 vouchers were issued to San Bernardino City residents.
Provide an assessment of units expected to be lost from the affordable housing
inventory for any reason, such as expiration of Section 8 contracts.
Assisted units convert to market rate when affordable housing contracts expire. In addition,
many of the City’s affordable housing projects were assisted with project-based Section 8
contracts and a significant number of these units are considered at risk of converting to market-
rate housing due to expiration of subsidy contracts. A total of 15 projects, with a combined total
of 1,627 affordable units, are at risk of losing their affordability status.
HACSB does not anticipate losing affordable housing units due to expiration of contracts in the
next five years.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 65
Does the availability of housing units meet the needs of the population?
Findings in the data show that there is not enough adequate housing affordable to LMI
households, especially for extremely low- and very low-income households. Affordable units
accommodate only half the number of households in the 0-30 percent and 30-50 percent HAMFI
categories, creating an insufficient amount of housing for households at these income levels.
There is a surplus of affordable units for households in the 50-80 percent and the 80-100
percent HAMFI categories.
Describe the need for specific types of housing:
According to data gathered through community outreach, there is a lack of single-family and
other quality housing development. Existing housing stock is also in need of rehabilitation. The
primary housing problem is affordability; households in the middle and lower-income categories
have difficulty affording homeownership. A need for affordable rental housing is a top need but
owner-occupied housing is considered one of the more critical housing needs in the community.
The community outreach process also revealed a need for housing for persons with mental and
physical disabilities.
The needs identified through community outreach are substantiated in the CHAS 2011-2015
data. As shown in Table 29, Unit Size by Tenure, renters in the City outnumber homeowners by
13 percent. Renters also tend to reside in smaller units: 3-bedroom units are occupied by
owners by 2.18 times that of renters, whereas most no-bedroom, 1-bedroom, and 2-bedroom
units are occupied by renters (69 percent).
Discussion
See discussion above.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 66
MA-15 Housing Market Analysis: Cost of Housing - 91.210(a)
Introduction
Housing costs have the potential to cause housing problems in a community. If housing costs
are high relative to household income, there will be a higher rate of cost burden and
overcrowding. According to HUD, families who pay more than 30 percent of their income toward
housing costs are considered cost burdened and may have difficulty affording necessities such
as food, clothing, transportation and medical care. This section analyzes the cost of housing in
the City of San Bernardino.
The City’s housing market has fluctuated greatly over the last ten years. During the 2000
Census, the median home value (MHV) in the City was $94,000; it then saw a steep increase
during the housing boom of the 2000s, increasing 115 percent by 2009 to an MHV of
$270,200.10 Soon after, the US went into the Great Recession and housing market crash, where
homes across California were foreclosed on and the City saw the MHV drop. Although the MHV
has continued to decrease, it is still 41 percent higher than it was before the housing boom in
2000, and wages in the area have not increased accordingly. In 2000, the median income in the
City was $31,140, which would have allowed an average household to purchase a home without
becoming cost burdened (less than 30 percent of their income).11 In 2015, the median income in
the City was $37,047, a 16 percent increase, with an MHV of $159,800, which would make most
homeowners cost burdened.
Based on the 2011-2015 ACS, the median income would be sufficient for a renter to afford
$1,029 in housing costs per month, which includes rent and utilities, and not be cost burdened;
72 percent of the City’s renter population pays $999 or less per month.
Base Year: 2009 Most Recent Year: 2015 % Change
Median Home Value 270,200 159,800 (41%)
Median Contract Rent 780 813 4%
Table 30 – Cost of Housing
Data Source: 2005-2009 ACS (Base Year), 2011-2015 ACS (Most Recent Year)
Rent Paid Number %
Less than $500 4,200 13.8%
$500-999 17,740 58.1%
$1,000-1,499 7,279 23.8%
$1,500-1,999 1,155 3.8%
$2,000 or more 180 0.6%
Total 30,554 100.0%
Table 31 – Rent Paid
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
10 2005-2009 ACS
11 2000 US Census
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 67
Housing Affordability
% Units affordable to
Households earning
Renter Owner
30% HAMFI 1,890 No Data
50% HAMFI 4,130 2,915
80% HAMFI 18,415 7,975
100% HAMFI No Data 11,994
Total 24,435 22,884
Table 32 – Housing Affordability
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Monthly Rent
Monthly Rent ($) Efficiency (no
bedroom)
1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom
Fair Market Rent 826 986 1232 1717 2132
High HOME Rent 800 859 1033 1184 1301
Low HOME Rent 628 673 808 933 1041
Table 33 – Monthly Rent
Data Source: HUD FMR and HOME Rents, 2019.
Is there sufficient housing for households at all income levels?
Findings in the data show that there is not enough adequate housing affordable to LMI
households, especially for extremely low- and very low-income households. Overall, affordable
units accommodate only half the number of households in the 0-30 percent and 30-50 percent
HAMFI categories, creating an insufficient amount of housing for households at these income
levels.
According to the CHAS 2011-2015 data, approximately 13,335 households are at 0-30 percent
AMI, yet there are only 1,890 rental units available that are affordable to these households (no
data is available on homeowner units).
For the approximately 9,795 households in the City that are at 30-50 percent AMI, 4,130 rental
units are affordable, and 2,915 units are affordable for ownership.
There is a surplus of affordable units for some of the 10,630 households in the 50-80 percent
HAMFI bracket: there are approximately 18,415 rental units and 7,975 ownership units
affordable to these households.
The same is true of the 6,275 households in the City that are in the 80-100 percent HAMFI
bracket: there are 11,994 units that are affordable to households earning 100 percent HAMFI,
again, creating a surplus of affordable units for households in this range.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 68
Households
earning
Renter
Affordable Units
Owner
Affordable Units
Households Units
Needed
30% HAMFI 1,890 No Data 0-30% HAMFI - 13,335 11,445
50% HAMFI 4,130 2,915 >30-50% HAMFI - 9,795 2,750
80% HAMFI 18,415 7,975 >50-80% HAMFI - 10,630 (15,760)
100% HAMFI No Data 11,994 >80-100% HAMFI - 6,275 (5,719)
How is affordability of housing likely to change considering changes to home
values and/or rents?
As illustrated in the table below, home prices in the City of San Bernardino are low compared to
those of the state. However, the median single-family home price has increased by
approximately 23 percent between January 2016 and January 2019, which is similar to both the
County of San Bernardino (24 percent increase)12 and the state of California as a whole (23
percent increase), during that same time period.
According to the ACS 2015-2018 5-Year Estimates, the majority of renters have consistently
spent between $500 and $1,499 between 2015 and 2018; renters spending between $1,500 to
$1,999 doubled during the same time period. Overall, San Bernardino is experiencing an
increase in rental housing costs. Between 2015 and 2018, the median rent increased from $976
to $1,068. As shown in the table below, both the lowest cost categories (up to $999) and the
highest cost categories ($2,000-$2,999) decreased as a percentage of the rental market.
Based upon market data for home prices and rental units, it can be expected that costs will
increase, by small percentages.
12 https://www.zillow.com/san-bernardino-county-ca/home-values/
Median Home Purchase Price for State of California and City of San Bernardino, 2015 through
2019
2016 2017 2018 2019
State City State City State City State City
Jan $467,160 $234,460 $491,840 $245,440 $527,780 $277,000 $537,120 $290,000
Feb $444,780 $226,870 $480,270 $265,000 $522,440 $278,000 $534,140 $298,250
Mar $484,120 $237,350 $518,600 $260,000 $564,830 $280,000 $565,880 $309,950
Apr $509,240 $236,850 $537,950 $255,500 $584,460 $289,900 $602,920 $305,000
May $519,930 $245,080 $550,239 $272,500 $600,860 $285,000 $611,190 $315,000
Jun $518,980 $245,220 $555,410 $270,000 $602,770 $293,250 $610,720 $310,000
Jul $511,420 $248,000 $549,460 $266,250 $591,230 $292,000 $607,990 $312,000
Aug $527,490 $240,500 $565,330 $269,950 $596,410 $290,000 $617,410 $315,000
Sep $516,450 $251,750 $555,410 $279,000 $578,850 $300,000 $605,680 $315,000
Oct $513,520 $245,000 $546,430 $274,450 $572,000 $289,000
Nov $502,490 $250,000 $546,820 $280,000 $554,760 $299,450
Dec $510,560 $255,000 $546,550 $278,000 $557,600 $295,000
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 69
Source: California Association of Realtors
Rental Housing Cost
2015 through 2018 2015 2016 2017 2018
Less than $500 7.60% 8.50% 8.20% 7.60%
$500 to $999 45.70% 45.20% 38.40% 35.70%
$1,000 to $1,499 35.00% 31.70% 35.60% 38.30%
$1,500 to $1,999 8.40% 12.20% 15.00% 16.30%
$2,000 to $2,499 3.00% 2.40% 2.00% 1.80%
$2,500 to $2,999 0.30% 0.00% 0.80% 0.40%
Median 976 971 1,038 1,068
No Rent Paid 924 788 1,001 509
Occupied units paying rent 30,703 31,350 29,844 30,969
Source: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 ACS 1-Year Estimates.
How do HOME rents / Fair Market Rent compare to Area Median Rent? How might
this impact your strategy to produce or preserve affordable housing?
The median gross rent for San Bernardino, according to the ACS 2018 1-Year Estimate, was
$1,068; however, the HUD fair market rent for a three-bedroom is higher at $1,717.
According to the number of units available, there is a need to develop affordable units for
extremely low- to very low-income households. HUD defines cost burden as 30 percent or more
of family’s household income spent on housing costs, including utilities.13 Affordable housing
cost then would be 30 percent or less of a household’s income. The HAMFI for the Riverside-
San Bernardino-Ontario, CA MSA is $69,700. Affordable rent for a family of four, earning 80
percent of the area median family income, or $55,760, would be $1,436; for a family earning a
very low income of 35,900, $894; and for a family earning extremely low income of 25,750,
$644. A strategy to address affordable housing needs would be to put HOME and CDBG dollars
toward affordable housing construction for extremely low- and very low-income households.
Discussion
See discussion above.
13 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, “Affordable Housing,” under “Community Planning and
Development,” https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/affordablehousing/ [accessed February
5, 2020].
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 70
MA-20 Housing Market Analysis: Condition of Housing – 91.210(a)
Introduction
This section of the ConPlan discusses existing housing supply, age and condition of housing,
the number of vacant and abandoned units, and the risk posed by lead-based paint.
As discussed in MA-10, 61 percent of the housing stock in the City of San Bernardino is single-
family detached. Multiunit structures make up the second highest percentage at 19 percent of
housing stock. As is common in many cities in the nation, most residential development in the
City occurred between 1950 and 1979.
The following section describes the conditions of the housing stock in the City. HUD defines
housing ―conditions‖ similarly to the definition of housing problems discussed in the Needs
Assessment. These conditions are:
1. More than one person per room;
2. Cost burden greater than 30 percent;
3. Lack of complete plumbing; and
4. Lack of complete kitchen facilities.
Definitions
In the City of San Bernardino, substandard housing conditions may consist of the following:
structural hazards, poor construction, inadequate maintenance, faulty wiring, plumbing, fire
hazards, and inadequate sanitation. Substandard units suitable for rehabilitation are those units
where the total rehabilitation costs do not exceed 25 percent of the after-rehabilitation value.
Condition of Units
Condition of Units Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number % Number %
With one selected Condition 10,325 38% 16,544 54%
With two selected Conditions 1,080 4% 4,305 14%
With three selected Conditions 10 0% 160 1%
With four selected Conditions 0 0% 20 0%
No selected Conditions 15,620 58% 9,515 31%
Total 27,035 100% 30,544 100%
Table 34 – Condition of Units
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 71
Year Unit Built
Year Unit Built Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number % Number %
2000 or later 2,265 8% 1,530 5%
1980-1999 6,644 25% 8,275 27%
1950-1979 12,720 47% 15,580 51%
Before 1950 5,405 20% 5,155 17%
Total 27,034 100% 30,540 100%
Table 35 – Year Unit Built
Data Source: 2011-2015 CHAS
Risk of Lead-Based Paint Hazard
Risk of Lead-Based Paint Hazard Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number % Number %
Total Number of Units Built Before 1980 18,125 67% 20,735 68%
Housing Units built before 1980 with children present 4,650 17% 1,905 6%
Table 36 – Risk of Lead-Based Paint
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS (Total Units), 2011-2015 CHAS (Units with Children present)
Vacant Units
Suitable for
Rehabilitation
Not Suitable for
Rehabilitation
Total
Vacant Units 3,570 0 0
Abandoned Vacant Units 0 0 0
REO Properties 193 0 193
Abandoned REO Properties 0 0 0
Table 37 - Vacant Units
Data Source: Vacant Units, 2017 ACS 1-Year Estimates;
San Bernardino, CA REO, Realtytrac.com, January 27, 2020.
Need for Owner and Rental Rehabilitation
Most occupied units were built before 1980. Sixty-eight percent of renter-occupied units and 67
percent of owner-occupied units were built prior to 1980. For units built between 1950 and 1979,
renters outnumber owners by nearly 25 percent. The disproportionate share of renters that
occupy older units could indicate a more urgent need for the rehabilitation of rental units in the
City. The high percentage of older units, both owned-occupied and renter-occupied, indicates
the potential need for rehabilitation for both.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 72
Estimated Number of Housing Units Occupied by Low or Moderate Income
Families with LBP Hazards
To estimate the number of housing units in the City with lead-based paint (LBP) hazards that
are occupied by LMI families, the building age of each unit is evaluated. The use of LBP on
residential units was prohibited after 1978, but for the sake of this plan, the number of units built
before 1980 will be used to determine how many LMI households are at risk of LBP hazards.
The 2011-2015 ACS data in Table 36 shows that approximately 38,860 units in San Bernardino
were built before 1980 and could be at risk of LBP.
Based upon the 2012-2016 CHAS data, approximately 31,062 residential units built prior to
1980 are occupied by LMI families and are at risk of exposure to LBP hazards.
Discussion
The City will continue to develop policies to rehabilitate older and abandoned housing in the City
in an effort to fulfill its Regional Housing Need Allocation (RHNA) obligation and provide housing
to LMI households.
The City will continue efforts to reduce LBP hazards in housing constructed prior to 1978 and
assisted through the Owner-Occupied Residential Rehabilitation Program by testing for LBP. If
LBP is found, safe work practices or abatement procedures will be included in the scope of work
for the rehabilitation. All City procedures for the prevention of LBP poisoning when working on
residential structures will comply with 24 CFR Part 35.
The City still has several abandoned homes that have been foreclosed, have deteriorated, and
have been vandalized. In Ward 1, there is a focus on the City’s Single-Family Unit Acquisition
and Rehabilitation program, but foreclosed homes citywide are eligible properties. The City has
identified providers, including Housing Partners 1, Inc. and Neighborhood Housing Service of
the Inland Empire, to rehabilitate, manage, market, and close the sale of foreclosed homes.14
14 City of San Bernardino, 2013-2021 Housing Element, January 2014.
City of San Bernardino
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MA-25 Public and Assisted Housing – 91.210(b)
Introduction
The HACSB is the largest provider of affordable housing in the County. The HACSB owns
and/or manages more than 10,000 housing units and serves approximately 30,000 individuals
throughout the County. Currently, the HACSB does not anticipate awarding new project-based
vouchers.15
Totals Number of Units
Program Type
Certificate Mod-
Rehab
Public
Housing
Vouchers
Total Project
-based
Tenant
-based
Special Purpose Voucher
Veterans
Affairs
Supportive
Housing
Family
Unification
Program
Disabled*
# of units
vouchers
available 0 0 1,321 8,678 552 8,126 352 1,109 834
# of
accessible
units - - - - - - - - -
Table 38 – Total Number of Units by Program Type
*includes Non-Elderly Disabled, Mainstream One-Year, Mainstream Five-year, and Nursing Home Transition
Data Source: PIC (PIH Information Center)
Describe the supply of public housing developments:
Under the FY12 HUD appropriations act, the Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program
allows public housing agencies (PHAs) to convert their public housing units from their original
sources of HUD financing to project-based Section 8 contracts. Similar to the Section 8 Housing
Choice Voucher (HCV) program, income eligible tenants pay 30 percent of their income and the
project-based rental assistance makes up the difference between what an extremely low-, low-,
or very low-income household can afford and the approved rent for the unit. Tenants would
have the option of applying to renew the Section 8 contract. As of FY 2020, all public housing
units under the HACSB will be converted to project-based vouchers, commonly referred to as
Section 8 units. Planned existing project-based voucher properties include:
Family Community, New Development – 333 units
Family Community, Existing Development – 434 units
RAD Conversion, Existing Public Housing Community – 1,003 units
Senior Community, Existing Development – 349 units
Family & Senior Community, New Development – 11 units
15 2020 Moving to Work Annual Plan, Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino.
City of San Bernardino
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Veterans’ Housing, New Development – 37
Permanent Supportive Housing for Chronically Homeless – 69
Veterans’ Housing, Scattered Sites – 12
In June 2018, the City of San Bernardino received $20 million from the state’s Strategic Growth
Council through the California Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities program. The
funding has been prioritized to revitalize the Arrowhead Grove neighborhood, formerly the
Waterman Gardens Public Housing site, and the adjacent corridor. The project will include 147
affordable housing units and 36 market-rate units, along with pedestrian and transit
improvements that will benefit the community at large. The National Community Renaissance
(National CORE), an affordable housing developer, has partnered with the HACSB for the
project.
Describe the number and physical condition of public housing units in the
jurisdiction, including those that are participating in an approved Public Housing
Agency Plan:
As mentioned above, all units under the HACSB will be converted to project-based vouchers,
commonly referred to as Section 8 units. The primary benefit of RAD is that properties that
convert under this process are no longer restricted from securing private sources of capital
financing, and the owners are therefore able to address deferred maintenance issues that have
caused public housing and other HUD rental stock to deteriorate nationwide. HACSB refers to
housing projects as Asset Management Projects (AMPs).
The initial phase of the RAD conversion included rehabilitation at the following sites:
97 scattered site units in AMP 120
330 units in AMP 130 (Maplewood Homes)
75 units in AMP 150 (Brockton site 19-05)
50 units in AMP 160 (Monte Vista site 19-06)
In September 2018, the second phase of the RAD conversion of public housing units closed and
rehabilitation work identified under the RAD physical needs assessments commenced. The
second phase of the conversion included the following sites:
12 scattered site units in AMP 150 (E. 9th Street)
125 units in AMP 160 (Colton sites 19-04 & 19-10)
217 units in AMP 170 (Barstow sites 19-07, 19-12, 19-13 and Deseret)
Table 39 displays the physical inspection scores of public housing within the City. Scores are
not available for all public housing complexes.
Public Housing Condition
Public Housing Development Average Inspection Score
WATERMAN GARDENS 64
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 75
Table 39 – Public Housing Condition
The physical inspection scoring is deficiency based; all properties start with 100 points. Each
deficiency observed reduces the score by an amount dependent on the importance and severity
of the deficiency, the number of buildings and units inspected, the inspectable items actually
present to be inspected and the relative weights between inspectable items and between
inspectable areas.
Describe the restoration and revitalization needs of public housing units in the
jurisdiction:
The HACSB has received approval under HUD’s RAD program to convert its entire public
housing portfolio. As of FY 2020, all units have been or will be converted to project-based
vouchers, commonly referred to as Section 8 units.
Describe the public housing agency's strategy for improving the living
environment of low - and moderate-income families residing in public housing:
The HACSB works to facilitate opportunities for families and individuals to become self -sufficient
and financially independent so that they can transition from dependency on housing subsidy
through the following strategies:
Develop and maintain policies, programs, and services that foster accountability,
responsibility, and economic independence.
Partner with external organizations to support clients in acquiring life skills, education,
and training.
Strengthening tenants’ personal accountability and in transitioning to home
ownership/market rentals.
In addition to implementing non-MTW activities to address the goal of self-sufficiency, the
HACSB has implemented nine MTW activities that address this goal: Local Policies for
Portability, Elimination of Earned Income Disallowance, Minimum Rent, Pilot Work
Requirement, Local Income Inclusion, implementation of a local Family Self Sufficiency
program, Term-Limited Lease Assistance Program, No Child Left Unsheltered, and Transition
for Over-Income Families.16
Discussion:
See discussion above.
16 2020 Moving to Work Annual Plan. http://ww2.hacsb.com/files/pdf/news-reports/mtw/plans/2020-mtw-
annual-plan-100919-response-to-hud-comments.pdf
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MA-30 Homeless Facilities and Services – 91.210(c)
Introduction
The City of San Bernardino assists homeless populations through funding supportive service providers in the community. The Ci ty
has traditionally provided funding through the ESG program to support services that include emergency shelter, rapid rehousing,
homelessness prevention, street outreach, and HMIS costs.
Facilities and Housing Targeted to Homeless Households
Emergency Shelter Beds Transitional
Housing Beds
Permanent Supportive Housing
Beds
Year Round Beds
(Current & New)
Voucher /
Seasonal /
Overflow Beds
Current & New Current & New Under
Development
Households with Adult(s) and Child(ren) 252 17 145 695 0
Households with Only Adults 176 0 101 833 0
Chronically Homeless Households N/A 0 N/A 652 0
Veterans 29 0 5 712 0
Unaccompanied Youth 5 0 0 3 0
Table 40 – Facilities and Housing Targeted to Homeless Households
Source: 2019 San Bernardino City and County CoC Housing Inventory Count
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Describe mainstream services, such as health, mental health, and employment
services to the extent those services are used to complement services targeted to
homeless persons
Many organizations in San Bernardino, including businesses, civic groups, corporations,
educational institutions, faith-based organizations, local government, and nonprofit agencies,
provide financial assistance, food, health care, clothing, legal assistance, public assistance,
rental assistance, and utility assistance at little or no cost. Mainstream benefit programs such as
CalFresh, Medicaid/Medi-Cal, Social Security Disability Income (SSDI), Supplemental Security
Income (SSI), and Veteran’s Benefits are available to homeless persons in the City.
Additionally, the Homeless Provider Network (HPN) acts as an advocate for homeless
populations and those at risk of becoming homeless. The HPN facilitates the collaboration
between the public and private sectors to coordinate services to assist and prevent
homelessness. Member organizations of the HPN meet monthly.
List and describe services and facilities that meet the needs of homeless
persons, particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with
children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth. If the services
and facilities are listed on screen SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure or screen
MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services, describe how these facilities and
services specifically address the needs of these populations.
The City works with various agencies and provides referrals for services to homeless
populations and those at risk of homelessness:
Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County – provides homeless persons
and those at risk of homelessness with temporary rental assistance, financial literacy
education, and linkages to other support services.
Family Service Association of Redlands – provides emergency shelter (motel vouchers),
wraparound services, and case management to prevent homelessness.
Lutheran Social Services – provides emergency shelter as a "bridge" to permanent
housing, and wrap-around services to help homeless men 18 years and older to achieve
self-sufficiency.
Step Up on Second – provides supportive services which begin with engagement and
street outreach activities.
The Salvation Army Hospitality House – provides emergency shelter, referrals to
permanent housing services, and meals to families and single females experiencing
homelessness.
Other agencies in the County providing services to address homelessness include:
Catholic Charities San Bernardino
High Desert Homeless Services, Inc.
Victor Valley Family Resource Center
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 78
Time for Change Foundation provides emergency shelter services to women and children as
well as permanent housing. Helping Hands Pantry, a food bank, serves the communities of the
County of San Bernardino; programs include a mobile food pantry and the College Student
Food Assistance Program for students who do not have the resources to buy enough food.
City of San Bernardino
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MA-35 Special Needs Facilities and Services – 91.210(d)
Introduction
There are 39 adult residential facilities in the City of San Bernardino. Such facilities provide safe
and secure places for the elderly and persons with disabilities to stay while their primary
caretakers work or run errands. In January 2020, there were 60 licensed adult residential
facilities in the City with the capacity to accommodate a total of 835 persons.
Residential care facilities for the elderly are family homes, group care facilities, or other similar
facilities in which non-medical care is provided 24 hours per day to support daily activities and
ensure personal security of the elderly. There are 24 residential elder care facilities in the City
that accommodate 505 persons.
Including the elderly, frail elderly, persons with disabilities (mental, physical,
developmental), persons with alcohol or other drug addictions, persons with
HIV/AIDS and their families, public housing residents and any other categories
the jurisdiction may specify, and describe their supportive housing needs
Elderly
Elderly persons may have special housing needs primarily due to income, health care costs,
and physical or mental disabilities, particularly those that tend to increase with age. As a result,
the elderly may face difficulty in finding housing and may become victims of housing
discrimination or fraud. According to the 2011-2015 ACS, approximately 15,302 persons 62
years and older reside in the City, representing seven percent of the total population. The senior
population is growing at a faster pace than the overall population. According to the ACS,
between 2010 and 2017, the total number of elderly persons in San Bernardino increased by
more than 12 percent while the City’s total population increased by only 2.5 percent.
Persons with Disabilities
Persons with disabilities frequently have special housing needs, often related to a potentially
limited ability to earn enough income, a lack of accessible and affordable housing, and higher
health costs associated with a disability. Persons with self-care and mobility limitations may also
require housing design features such as wheelchair ramps, grab bars, special bathroom
designs, and/or wider doorway openings.
According to the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, 12.5 percent of San Bernardino residents
reported a disability, a decrease from the 2009-2013 estimates, which estimated that 13.2
percent of the population had one or more disabilities.
Approximately 16.5 percent of those between the ages of 35 to 64 reported having a disability.
Approximately 38.5 percent of those between the ages of 65 to 74 reported having a disability,
which is approximately 8 percent higher than the County level. For those 75 years and older,
60.9 percent of the population reported having a disability, which is approximately 5 percent
higher than the County level.
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A major challenge facing the City is the availability of housing stock with accessible features that
meet the needs of disabled residents and their families. The ACS 2014-2018 5-Year estimates
showed that 14.2 percent, or 2,586, residents above the age of 65 were living below the poverty
level. Living below the poverty level further limits resources and puts an additional constraint on
the already limited housing options available to seniors with a disability.
Community outreach also revealed a need for housing programs with mental health services for
people with mental and physical disabilities.
Drugs/Alcohol
The County of San Bernardino provides alcohol and drug services through the Substance Use
Disorder and Recovery Services (SUDRS) program. Services are available to all County
residents.
Additionally, Supervised Treatment After Release (STAR) is the treatment component of the
Mental Health Court System of Care. Individuals are generally referred while incarcerated in the
West Valley Detention Center. STAR arranges for:
Day treatment
Intensive case management
Residential placement
Drug and alcohol treatment
Periodic court reviews
HIV/AIDS
The National Commission on AIDS states that up to half of all Americans with HIV or AIDS are
either homeless or at imminent risk of becoming homeless because of their illness, lack of
income or other resources, and having a weak support network. Persons with HIV/AIDS may
also require a broad range of services, including counseling, medical care, in-home care,
transportation assistance, and food provision.
Describe programs for ensuring that persons returning from mental a nd physical
health institutions receive appropriate supportive housing
The City has worked with St. Bernadine Hospital to transition homeless individuals who are
being discharged from the hospital into transitional housing and ultimately transition into
permanent housing. The City will continue to support the regional Continuum of Care’s efforts to
implement the San Bernardino County 10-Year Strategy for Ending Homelessness. This plan
includes a recommendation to focus on discharge planning to prevent people from becoming
homeless when they are discharged from correctional, foster care, health care, or mental health
care systems. The McKinney-Vento Act requires that state and local governments have policies
and protocols in place to ensure that persons being discharged from a publicly funded institution
or system of care are not discharged immediately into homelessness. To meet HUD’s
requirements, the 10-Year Strategy has established a Discharge Planning Committee to focus
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Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 81
on improving coordination between discharge planning agencies, local government, and
homeless service providers in order to implement a ―zero tolerance‖ plan that will prevent
persons from being discharged into homelessness. The City has provided ESG funding to Step
Up on Second (Step Up) for essential service referrals and housing placement services to
homeless and near-homeless persons. Step Up also provides daily street outreach to the most
service-resistant homeless population in San Bernardino.
Specify the activities that the jurisdiction plans to undertake during the next year
to address the housing and supportive services needs identified in accordance
with 91.215(e) with respect to persons who are not homeless but have other
special needs. Link to one-year goals. 91.315(e)
Through CDBG, ESG, and other available resources, the City traditionally funds organizations
that provide services to residents in need. Such funding support includes ADA accessibility for
public spaces and service organizations providing assistance and referrals to low-income
persons in need of various supportive services.
For entitlement/consortia grantees: Specify the activities that the jurisdiction
plans to undertake during the next year to address the housing and supporti ve
services needs identified in accordance with 91.215(e) with respect to persons
who are not homeless but have other special needs. Link to one-year goals.
(91.220(2))
See above.
City of San Bernardino
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MA-40 Barriers to Affordable Housing – 91.210(e)
Negative Effects of Public Policies on Affordable Housing and Residential
Investment
The City recognizes that barriers to affordable housing exist and continues to employ strategies
to overcome them. Policies can create barriers to the production of affordable housing and
residential investment because such factors increase costs.
The high cost of affordable housing and residential investment can be contributed to the
following:
Lack of Affordable Housing Funds: Funding for affordable housing usually comes from the
government at the local, state, or federal levels or from nonprofit organizations specializing in
the construction of affordable housing. Before 2012, redevelopment had the ability to borrow
against future property tax revenue in order to finance capital projects and address blight; 20
percent of redevelopment money was required to be allocated toward affordable housing. Due
to state budgetary problems, redevelopment agencies were dissolved. Now the City relies on
private resources, federal grant programs, state resources, and philanthropy to fund affordable
housing projects.
Environmental Review: Environmental review can be a long process and is expensive if
extensive environmental review is required under the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) or the National Environmental Policy Act. Additionally, if a developer is applying to
rezone an area or parcel, an amendment to the General Plan or Zoning Ordinance is required,
which is a project under CEQA. Such an amendment requires environmental review, which can
become a long and even political process that can slow or even stop the development of
projects.
Site Improvements: Many parts of the City of San Bernardino are undeveloped and lack
adequate pedestrian and automobile infrastructure to support new residential subdivisions. All
new residential development is required to provide sidewalk with curbs and gutters and must be
served by appropriate roadways consistent with the General Plan Circulation Element and
adopted road development standards. The cost of these improvements increases the cost of
development but is necessary to facilitate pedestrian and vehicular access and movement in the
City.
Planning and Development Fees: Planning and development impact fees, such as for
transportation, water, and sewer infrastructure improvements, often add to the overall cost of
development. The City’s fees reflect the fair share of the costs of providing permitting,
infrastructure, and services for new residences.
Infrastructure and Impact Fees: Impact fees are charged to housing developers to pay for City
infrastructure that will support the project, or pay for parks or other City services that protect the
welfare of residents. A primary financial deterrent for developers is the high cost of impact fees.
Construction costs, permitting fees, and impact fees are passed on to the consumer, driving up
the cost of housing at all income levels.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 83
State and Federal Davis-Bacon Prevailing Wages: The state Department of Industrial Relations
(DIR) expanded the kinds of projects that require the payment of prevailing wages. Prevailing
wage adds to the overall cost of development. A prevailing wage must also be paid to laborers
when federal funds are used to pay labor costs for any project over $2,000 or on any multifamily
project over eight units. Based on discussions with developers, various prevailing wage
requirements typically inflate the development costs by 35 percent.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 84
MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets – 91.215 (f)
Introduction
The City of San Bernardino is located in the Inland Empire, which is part of a populous area west of Los Angeles in Southern
California. Top employers in the City include California State University, San Bernardino, Caltrans, and the Community Hospital of
San Bernardino. There are 57,889 jobs in the City with a labor force of approximately 88,000. The City has strong millennial growth
with an average age of 32, younger than both the state (36) and the nation (37). Additionally, the County is the second-fastest
growing county in the state, likely due to lower home prices and commercial vacancy rates, making the area ideal for investment.17
Economic Development Market Analysis
Business Activity
Business by Sector Number of
Workers
Number of
Jobs
Share of
Workers
%
Share of Jobs
%
Jobs less
workers
%
Agriculture, Mining, Oil & Gas Extraction 771 229 1 0 -1
Arts, Entertainment, Accommodations 7,079 7,320 11 11 -1
Construction 4,002 2,357 6 3 -3
Education and Health Care Services 11,756 14,338 19 21 2
Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate 2,248 3,649 4 5 2
Information 752 350 1 1 -1
Manufacturing 5,683 3,438 9 5 -4
Other Services 2,023 2,422 3 4 0
Professional, Scientific, Management Services 3,168 4,139 5 6 1
Public Administration 0 0 0 0 0
Retail Trade 8,041 8,264 13 12 -1
Transportation and Warehousing 5,321 7,872 9 12 3
Wholesale Trade 4,046 3,511 7 5 -1
Total 54,890 57,889 -- -- --
Table 41 – Business Activity
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS (Workers), 2015 Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (Jobs)
17 County Remains Southern California’s Retail Leader, San Bernardino, News Release, Economic Development, March 7, 2019, https://sanbern-
prod.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/SBCounty-Leads-in-RetailFinal-003.pdf .
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 85
Labor Force
Total Population in the Civilian Labor Force 88,507
Civilian Employed Population 16 years and over 73,795
Unemployment Rate 16.60
Unemployment Rate for Ages 16-24 34.05
Unemployment Rate for Ages 25-65 9.00
Table 42 - Labor Force
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Occupations by Sector Number of People
Management, business and financial 9,155
Farming, fisheries and forestry occupations 4,155
Service 10,555
Sales and office 18,790
Construction, extraction, maintenance and repair 7,535
Production, transportation and material moving 5,500
Table 43 – Occupations by Sector
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Travel Time
Travel Time Number Percentage
< 30 Minutes 45,150 66%
30-59 Minutes 15,889 23%
60 or More Minutes 7,445 11%
Total 68,484 100%
Table 44 - Travel Time
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Education
Educational Attainment by Employment Status (Population 16 and Older)
Educational Attainment In Labor Force
Civilian Employed Unemployed Not in Labor
Force
Less than high school graduate 14,685 3,539 14,005
High school graduate (includes
equivalency) 16,405 2,535 10,015
Some college or Associate degree 19,900 2,590 7,675
Bachelor's degree or higher 8,335 615 2,630
Table 45 - Educational Attainment by Employment Status
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 86
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Educational Attainment by Age
Age
18–24 yrs 25–34 yrs 35–44 yrs 45–65 yrs 65+ yrs
Less than 9th grade 535 2,144 3,713 7,580 3,660
9th to 12th grade, no diploma 5,399 5,765 5,350 7,669 2,500
High school graduate, GED, or
alternative 9,005 9,785 7,140 12,035 4,600
Some college, no degree 10,905 8,939 5,085 9,830 3,385
Associate degree 1,004 2,258 1,405 2,665 1,224
Bachelor's degree 1,179 2,595 1,775 3,705 1,394
Graduate or professional degree 15 754 850 1,894 918
Table 46 – Educational Attainment by Age
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Educational Attainment – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months
Educational Attainment Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months
Less than high school graduate 33,509
High school graduate (includes equivalency) 65,568
Some college or Associate degree 88,789
Bachelor's degree 57,200
Graduate or professional degree 109,150
Table 47 – Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months
Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS
Based on the Business Activity table above, what are the major employment
sectors within your jurisdiction?
Education and health care services is the top employment sector with the highest percentage of
local workers within the sector in San Bernardino, followed by retail trade,
arts/entertainment/accommodations, transportation and warehousing, and manufacturing. The
sectors with the highest percentage of jobs within the sector are education and healthcare
services, retail, transportation and warehousing, and arts, entertainment and accommodations.
Manufacturing has the most oversupply of labor (more workers than jobs). Educat ion/health
care services and finance/insurance/real estate both have the most undersupply of labor (more
jobs than workers).
Describe the workforce and infrastructure needs of the business community:
The City has a civilian labor force of 88,507. However, the unemployment rate is unusually high
at 16.6 percent overall, and 9 percent for those in the 25-65 age cohort; the national rate is 3.7
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 87
percent and for comparably sized cities, 5.5 percent. Though education and health care
services are the top business sector, the most occupations are in sales and office. As discussed
above, there is a need for workers in the finance, insurance, and real estate sector. Additionally,
because of the finding that there are more workers than jobs in manufacturing, it could be
beneficial to incentivize manufacturing companies to locate in the City. The public outreach
process for the 2020-2025 ConPlan also expressed the need for job training for residents.
Describe any major changes that may have an economic impact, such as planned
local or regional public or private sector investments or initiatives that have
affected or may affect job and business growth opportunities during the planning
period. Describe any needs for workforce development, business support or
infrastructure these changes may create.
The City of San Bernardino has developed the San Bernardino Downtown Vision & Action Plan,
which includes the development of the 48.2-acre Carousel District. A goal of the plan is to
capitalize on the Carousel District’s ability to attract visitors to its arts and entertainment
amenities by further developing the area. Projects being considered for this mixed-use
development include residential market-rate housing and retail redevelopment with future
phases of office, educational, and/or additional housing.
In addition to development, the InTech Center in Fontana is part of an initiative designed to
provide hands-on training that manufacturing employers are looking for. Manufacturing sectors
are growing in the County and include advanced manufacturing, food, plastics, and metal
manufacturing. The center provides individual certificate programs as well as comprehensive
career skill development, such as in industrial maintenance, pre-engineering, robotics, and IT.18
Tens of thousands of new residential units are anticipated. As such, the County also has
resources in place to attract retail by assisting investors with site selection, business planning,
obtaining permits to operate retail, workforce assistance, and demographic and market reports.
How do the skills and education of the current workforce correspond to
employment opportunities in the jurisdiction?
As discussed above, there is a need for workers in the finance, insurance and real estate
sector, possibly indicating a need for related job training and educational opportunities.
Additionally, because of the finding that there are more workers than jobs in manufacturing, it
could be beneficial to incentivize manufacturing companies to locate in the City. As mentioned
above, job training is a need in the community.
Describe any current workforce training initiatives, including those supported by
Workforce Investment Boards, community colleges and other organizations.
Describe how these efforts will support the jurisdiction's Consolidated Plan.
18 San Bernardino County, Economic Development Agency under “Initiatives”,
https://www.selectsbcounty.com/major-initiatives/manufacturing, [January 29, 2020].
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 88
The San Bernardino Community and Economic Development Department will continue
consulting with County Workforce Development, County Department of Behavioral Health, and
County Office on Aging and Adult Services, all of which are involved in the delivery of housing,
supportive services and economic development to low- and moderate-income San Bernardino
residents. Workforce Development provides job placement services for persons in the County
and paid on-the-job training and any equipment that an employee may require to carry their new
job. In the realm of economic development, the City recently established a partnership with the
Mexican Consulate’s Emprendedoras program. The program partners with the Small Business
Administration and the City’s Micro Enterprise program to provide Spanish language training for
persons interested in launching a small business or expanding an existing small business.
Through the City’s partnership with the Emprendedoras program, the City will cross promote the
services available through Workforce Development.
Does your jurisdiction participate in a Comprehensive Economic Development
Strategy (CEDS)?
No.
If so, what economic development initiatives are you undertaking that may be
coordinated with the Consolidated Plan? If not, describe other local/regional
plans or initiatives that impact economic growth.
Not applicable.
Discussion
See discussion above.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 89
MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion
Are there areas where households with multiple housing problems are
concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration")
As discussed below, there are racial and ethnic concentrations and LMI concentrations within
the City. The definition of ―concentration‖ is provided below.
Are there any areas in the jurisdiction where racial or ethnic minorities or low-
income families are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration")
A minority concentration is defined as census tracts where the percentage of individuals of
racial or ethnic minority groups is at least 20 percent higher than the City average. An LMI
concentration is defined as a census tract in which the median household income is less than or
equal to 80 percent of the statewide median family income, in which the median family income
is less than or equal to 80 percent of the metropolitan area’s median family income, or in which
the federal poverty rate is 20 percent or greater.
As discussed in NA-30, five census tracts have a Hispanic minority concentration.
Map 2 below displays census tracts which meet the LMI concentration standard. Most of the
City is considered an LMI area.
What are the characteristics of the market in these areas/neighborhoods?
According to the ACS 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates, the median household income for the City
is $43,136, which is less than the County’s median household income of $60,164.
As of January 24, 2020, there are approximately 185 houses in various states of foreclosure
throughout the City.19 Housing units in foreclosure generally overlap with LMI neighborhoods
displayed in Map 2.
Are there any community assets in these areas/neighborhoods?
The County operates an Employment Resource Center in downtown San Bernardino near City
Hall in an LMI neighborhood. California State University, San Bernardino is also located in an
LMI neighborhood.
Are there other strategic opportunities in any of these areas?
The City has several economic advantages, including modern industrial buildings, convenient
freeway access, and generally lower labor costs.
Additionally, the City continues to encourage economic development and will continue to fund
nonprofits that develop the capacity of residents through job and small business development
training.
19 Zillow. For Sale, Foreclosure. January 24, 2020
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 90
Map 2 – Areas of Low- and Moderate-Income Concentration
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 91
MA-60 Broadband Needs of Housing occupied by Low - and Moderate-
Income Households - 91.210(a)(4), 91.310(a)(2)
Describe the need for broadband wiring and connections for households,
including low- and moderate-income households and neighborhoods.
According to the California Interactive Broadband Map, most of the City is served by fixed-
service broadband.20 Most unserved areas are nonresidential; however, approximately 150
mobile homes are unserved in the City. Stakeholders also identified a need for internet access
among homeless individuals and housing program participants.
Describe the need for increased competition by having more than one broadband
Internet service provider serve the jurisdiction.
Charter Communications (Spectrum) and Frontier Communications are the primary fixed-
service internet service providers (ISPs) operating within the City. Charter and Frontier generally
cover the entire City, save for the unserved pockets discussed above. Frontier provides DSL
and fiber internet, whereas Charter provides broadband with small pockets of fiber service.
The table below displays the monthly price of internet (excluding equipment rental fees) by ISP
as of January 24, 2020.
ISP Tier 1 (Mbps/$) Tier 2 (Mbps/$) Tier 3 (Mbps/$)
Frontier (DSL) 6Mbps/$27.99 25Mbps/$34.99 45Mbps/$44.99
Frontier (Fiber) 50Mbps/$29.99 500Mbps/39.99 1000Mbps/$74.99
Charter
(Broadband/Fiber) 200Mbps/$49.99 400Mbps/$69.99 940Mbps/$109.99
For households that are recipients of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), the
Community Eligibility Provision of the NSLP, or Supplemental Security Income (SSI; 65 years
and older), Charter offers broadband internet access (up to 30Mbps) for $14.99 p er month with
no equipment rental fees. Frontier also provides low-cost internet access (1.61Mbps to 12Mbps)
for $19.99 per month for recipients of CalFresh, SSI, Medi-Cal, and Bureau of Indian Affairs
programs. This offer also comes with a Chromebook provided by funding from the California
Emerging Technology Fund.
LMI households who are participants of these programs would be able to access the internet at
a low cost. LMI households who are not participants of these specific programs or cannot afford
the reduced price would be unable to access the internet.
Increasing competition amongst these ISPs would likely result in reduced costs, increased
speeds, and/or better quality of customer service and infrastructure within the market area. It is
likely that more households would be able to afford internet access as a result.
20 California Interactive Broadband Map. http://www.broadbandmap.ca.gov/
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 92
MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3)
Describe the jurisdiction’s increased natural hazard risks associated with climate
change.
Climate change is a phenomenon where greenhouse gases (GHGs) produced by natural and
man-made sources trap heat in the atmosphere, causing an increase in the global average air
and ocean temperatures and the melting of snow and ice, which consequently causes sea level
rise.
Depending on the level of emissions, by 2099, the average temperature of San Bernardino
County is projected to rise between 3.8 and 6.7 degrees Fahrenheit.21 Increased temperatures
could manifest as heat waves, which would lead to increased incidents of heat stress and heat
stroke and exacerbate existing health conditions. Furthermore, the lack of moisture in the air,
when compounded by long-term drought, may also increase the risk of wildfires, resulting in
more deaths, destroyed property, and increased air pollution.
Climate change may also cause increased occurrences of extreme weather events, such as
storms and flooding. This would increase fatal and nonfatal injuries, ruin housing, and may
result in permanent displacement.
Describe the vulnerability to these risks of housing occupied by low- and
moderate-income households based on an analysis of data, findings, and
methods.
LMI households and those with special needs without the means to evacuate would be more
vulnerable during natural disasters caused by climate change. It would be difficult for
households to acquire transportation and housing accommodations during an emergency.
Additionally, housing destroyed by natural disasters would be difficult to replace in the already
constrained housing market.
Furthermore, households without adequate air conditioning systems would also be at increased
risk of heat stress and heat stroke.
Stakeholders identified homeless individuals as having the greatest risk from emergencies and
natural disasters. Extreme heat events require cooling centers; however, resources may not be
available to accommodate all homeless persons. Additionally, it was identified that households
at risk of fire hazard may not have the resources to find replacement housing, and resources
may not be available to provide emergency shelter.
21 Climate Change and Health Profile San Bernardino County.
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OHE/CDPH%20Document%20Library/CHPRs/CHPR071SanBernardino_Cou
nty2-23-17.pdf
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 93
STRATEGIC PLAN
SP-05 Overview
Strategic Plan Overview
The Strategic Plan identifies the five-year goals that the City of San Bernardino expects to
achieve during the 2020–2025 ConPlan cycle. These goals are aligned with HUD’s objectives
and outcomes and are achieved through the Annual Action Plan, which divides up the five-year
goals into annual targets. The City has identified nine need categories through the Needs
Analysis, Market Analysis, and Community Outreach portions of the ConPlan. The Strategic
Plan then identifies goals that are aligned to address most of those needs. Not every need
identified in the plan can be met and sufficiently addressed in the next five years. Some of the
needs are not feasible, some require much more funding than the City currently receives, and
some are simply too large to be addressed in just five years.
The Strategic Plan includes goals to address affordable housing, infrastructure, public services,
fair housing, and economic development.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 94
SP-10 Geographic Priorities – 91.215 (a)(1)
General Allocation Priorities
Describe the basis for allocating investments geographically within the jurisdiction (or within the
EMSA for HOPWA):
The City will use most of its federal funding to finance projects targeted to low- to moderate-
income households throughout the City, including those in special needs categories. Based on
2011-2015 CHAS data, 59 percent of households in the City are low- to moderate-income
households. Because more than half of residents would qualify for CDBG assistance and there
are no concentrated areas of poverty, the City is taking the approach of allocating CDBG funds
across the whole City.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 95
SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.215(a)(2)
Priority Needs
1 Priority
Need Name
Preserve and Rehabilitate Housing
Priority
Level
High
Population Low Income
Moderate Income
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Frail Elderly
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Preserve and Rehabilitate Housing
Description The preservation and rehabilitation of single -family owner-occupied housing and multi-
family rental units.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
As discussed in MA-20, 67 percent of both owner-occupied housing (18,125) and
rental units (20,735) were built prior to 1980. In general, housing begins to require
major repairs after 30 or 40 years of age. Those repairs could include important health
and safety repairs such as for heating/air systems, roof, kitchen appliances, bathroom
or kitchen plumbing, and insulation. Many low- to moderate-income households may
be unable to afford these needed repairs.
Community engagement efforts also identified a need for housing rehabilitation.
2 Priority
Need Name
Expand Homeownership
Priority
Level
High
Population Low Income
Moderate Income
Large Families
Families with Children
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Expand Homeownership
Description Affordable homeownership housing units added and first-time homebuyer assistance
programs.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
The median income of the City is approximately $16,000 lower than the national
average; however, the cost of living in the County is higher than the national average.
Consequently, City residents will likely need assistance to secure their first home
without incurring a cost burden.
Survey respondents also identified a first-time homebuyer program as a critical
housing need.
3 Priority Provide Homeless and Homeless Prevention Services
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 96
Need Name
Priority
Level
High
Population Extremely Low Income
Low Income
Moderate Income
Families with Children
Elderly
Public Housing Residents
Chronically Homeless Individuals
Chronic Substance Abuse
Veterans
Victims of Domestic Violence
Unaccompanied Youth
Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions
Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Provide Homeless and Homeless Prevention Services
Description Provide emergency shelters, rapid rehousing, and homelessness prevention services
to homeless individuals and persons at risk of homelessness.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
As discussed in NA-20, there are approximately 890 homeless individuals living in the
City of San Bernardino. Discussions with the San Bernardino County Homeless
Partnership identified that homeless individuals are in need of services to alleviate or
prevent homelessness.
4 Priority
Need Name
New Affordable Rental Housing
Priority
Level
Low
Population Extremely Low Income
Low Income
Moderate Income
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
New Affordable Rental Housing
Description New affordable rental housing (new construction or rehabilitation) and new affordable
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 97
rental housing with supportive services for homeless individuals and veterans.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
There is a significant mismatch between housing supply and affordability within the
City. As discussed in MA-15, there is a 11,445-unit gap for households earning
between 0 and 30 percent AMI and a 2,750 -unit gap for households earning between
30 and 50 percent AMI. Additionally, 17,398 low-income renter households are paying
more than 30 percent of their income toward housing costs.
5 Priority
Need Name
Promote Economic Development (Micro-Enterprise)
Priority
Level
High
Population Extremely Low Income
Low Income
Moderate Income
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Promote Economic Development (Micro-Enterprise)
Description Create job opportunities.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
The unemployment rate of the City is high at 16.6 percent. Additionally, only 10
percent of the labor force has a bachelor’s degree or higher and 21 percent have not
graduated high school. Furthermore, 73 percent of survey respondents identified job
creation as a critical economic development need.
6 Priority
Need Name
Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
Priority
Level
Low
Population Extremely Low Income
Low Income
Moderate Income
Families with Children
Elderly
Public Housing Residents
Chronically Homeless Individuals
Chronic Substance Abuse
Veterans
Victims of Domestic Violence
Unaccompanied Youth
Frail Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions
Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families
Non-Housing Community Development
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 98
Description Improve public facilities including parks and accessibility upgrades.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
The City of San Bernardino’s 2018-2023 Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) has indicated
the need for the replacement of streetlights, pavement rehabilitation, improvement of
safe routes to schools, and citywide accessibility improvements. Community
engagement efforts also identified a need for street, street lighting, and water/sewage
improvements within the City.
7 Priority
Need Name
Fair Housing
Priority
Level
Low
Population Extremely Low Income
Low Income
Moderate Income
Middle Income
Large Families
Families with Children
Elderly
Persons with Mental Disabilities
Persons with Physical Disabilities
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Geographic
Areas
Affected
Citywide
Associated
Goals
Fair Housing
Description Promote fair housing and support fair housing services.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
Between 2015 and 2016, 114 fair housing discrimination cases were forwarded to the
Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity; 51.8 percent of these cases were based
on disability.
8 Priority
Need Name
Planning and Administration
Priority
Level
Low
Population Other
Geographic
Areas
Affected
N/A
Associated
Goals
Planning and Administration
Description Implement goals of Consolidated Plan.
Basis for
Relative
Priority
Compliance with all HUD Consolidated Plan and CDBG, HOME, and ESG program
regulations is a requirement for participation in this program.
Table 48 – Priority Needs Summary
Narrative (Optional)
In establishing the above priorities, the City has considered input from community engagement
efforts, including the surveys, stakeholder interviews, and engagement meetings, as well as
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 99
demographic and data analysis. Activities that address the high priority needs will be funded
using CDBG, HOME, and ESG funds during the ConPlan period and activities that address low
priority needs may be funded by these funds pending availability.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 100
SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions – 91.215 (b)
Influence of Market Conditions
Affordable
Housing Type
Market Characteristics that will influence
the use of funds available for housing type
Tenant Based Rental
Assistance (TBRA)
The City does not offer TBRA.
TBRA for Non-
Homeless Special
Needs
The City does not offer TBRA.
New Unit Production As discussed in the Market Assessment, there is a gap of 11,445 housing units for those
earning less than 30 percent AMI and a gap of 2,750 housing units for those earning
between 30 and 50 percent AMI.
Rehabilitation As discussed in the Market Assessment, approximately 67 percent of owner-occupied
housing and 68 percent of renter-occupied housing was built before 1980. Generally,
housing begins to require major repairs after 30 or 40 years of age.
Acquisition, including
preservation
The abundance of land within the City may make this option less desirable than new unit
production; however, if acquisition costs are not too high, then rehabilitation can be less
expensive than new construction
Table 49 – Influence of Market Conditions
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 101
SP-35 Anticipated Resources - 91.215(a)(4), 91.220(c)(1,2)
Introduction
Anticipated Resources
Program Source of
Funds Uses of Funds
Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected
Amount
Available
Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Description
Annual
Allocation: $
Program
Income:
$
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
CDBG Public-Federal Acquisition
Admin and planning
Economic
development
Housing
Public improvements
Public services
3,405,816 817,368 0 4,223,184 13,200,000 The estimated amount of
CDBG funds available
over the planning period
is based on allocations
for FY 2019-2020.
HOME Public-Federal Acquisition
Homebuyer
assistance
Homeowner
rehabilitation
Multifamily rental
new construction
Multifamily rental
rehabilitation
New construction for
ownership TBRA
1,404,784 1,965,694 0 3,370,478 10,750,000 The estimated amount of
HOME funds available
over the planning period
is based on allocations
for FY 2019-2020.
ESG Public-Federal Conversion and
rehab for transitional
housing
Financial assistance
Overnight shelter
Rapid re-housing
(rental assistance)
Rental assistance
services
Transitional housing
295,799 - 0 295,799 1,500,000 The estimated amount of
ESG funds available
over the planning period
is based on allocations
for FY 2019-2020.
Table 50 - Anticipated Resources
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 102
Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state
and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be
satisfied
Entitlement Funds
Leverage means to combine funding sources, such as local, state, or other federal financial
resources, with HUD funding in order to increase project efficiencies and benefit from
economies of scale.
Other Federal Grant Programs
Additional federal programs that fund community development and affordable housing activities
include:
Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program
Section 108
Section 202
Section 811
Affordable Housing Program through the Federal Home Loan Bank
These programs would not be provided to the City but rather to HACSB and affordable housing
developers.
Other State Grant Programs
In 2017, the governor signed the Building Homes and Jobs Act (SB 2), which established a $75
recording fee on real estate documents to increase the supply of affordable housing in
California. Funding is used to help cities and counties accelerate housing production, streamline
approval of housing development, facilitate housing affordability, promote development, and
ensure geographic equity in the distribution of funds.
The City of San Bernardino submitted a grant application under SB 2 to the California
Department of Housing and Community Development for the sum of $625,000.
If appropriate, describe publicly owned land or property located within the
jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan
According to the City’s 2013-2021 Housing Element update, the City of San Bernardino has
enough vacant land and land designated for residential use to satisfy all projected housing
needs. Additionally, the City has not identified any constraints on these sites that would prevent
development or reuse. The City estimates that 12,918 housing units could be accommodated on
this land.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 103
Additionally, the governor of California continues to explore the use of state and federal surplus
property to provide housing for homeless individuals.22
Discussion
The City has enough available land and residential designations to meet the affordable housing
needs of the community. HUD allocations are critical to meeting these needs; however, they are
not sufficient to address all the needs of LMI households. Therefore, the City will continue to
continue to leverage other funding sources to provide services to populations in need.
22 California Department of Housing and Community Development. Public Lands for Affordable Housing
Development. https://www.hcd.ca.gov/community-development/public-lands-for-affordable-housing-
development.shtml
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 104
SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure – 91.215(k)
Explain the institutional structure through which the jurisdiction will carry out its consolidated
plan including private industry, non-profit organizations, and public institutions.
Responsible Entity Responsible Entity
Type Role Geographic Area
Served
San Bernardino Government Economic development
Homelessness
Non-homeless special needs
Planning
Neighborhood improvements
Public facilities
Public services
Jurisdiction
Housing Authority of the
County of San Bernardino
(HACSB)
PHA Public housing
Rental
Region
San Bernardino County
Homeless Partnership
(SBCHP)
CoC Homelessness Region
Table 51 - Institutional Delivery Structure
Assess of Strengths and Gaps in the Institutional Delivery System
The City has invested significantly in its CDBG, HOME, and ESG programs, specifically for
consulting, auditing, and program design; however, it remains financially constrained. The City
continues to improve its capacity and effectiveness in using federal funding.
Additionally, the City of San Bernardino participates in the San Bernardino County Homeless
Partnership (SBCHP) through the Central Valley Steering Committee on the Interagency
Council on Homelessness, which directs the SBCHP. The SBCHP coordinates homeless
services and housing throughout the County.
The partnership understands that homelessness is a massive issue which takes an enormous
amount of planning and resources to address. Given this, the SBCHP continually tries to
address gaps in its institutional structure and bolster its strengths. A gap analysis is performed
annually to determine gaps in the service and structure of the partnership.
The primary gap identified is a lack of funding to house or shelter all homeless individuals in the
County. As identified in NA-40, there are approximately 2,600 homeless individuals living in San
Bernardino County.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 105
Availability of services targeted to homeless persons and persons with HIV and
mainstream services
Homelessness Prevention
Services
Available in the
Community
Targeted to
Homeless
Targeted to People
with HIV
Homelessness Prevention Services
Counseling/Advocacy X X
Legal Assistance X
Mortgage Assistance X
Rental Assistance X
Utilities Assistance
Street Outreach Services
Law Enforcement
Mobile Clinics
Other Street Outreach Services X X
Supportive Services
Alcohol & Drug Abuse X X
Child Care X X
Education
Employment and Employment
Training X X
Healthcare X X X
HIV/AIDS X X
Life Skills X X
Mental Health Counseling X X
Transportation X X
Other
Other
Table 52 - Homeless Prevention Services Summary
Describe how the service delivery system including, but not limited to, the
services listed above meet the needs of homeless persons (particularly
chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans
and their families, and unaccompanied youth)
Besides CDBG funding, ESG funding is also used to combat homelessness within the City. The
City coordinates with emergency shelters and funds nonprofit agencies that operate emergency
shelters and transitional housing. These shelters offer basic needs and drop-in services.
Transitional housing provides assistance in helping homeless individuals become more stable
and continue independent living.
Additionally, the SBCHP coordinates homeless services and housing throughout the County,
including for the City of San Bernardino. The partnership has created an initiative to house
veteran families, which has resulted in 1,260 veteran families being housed between 2015 and
2020. The SBCHP also has created initiatives to house the elderly and chronically homeless
population.
Furthermore, the organization has partnered with the Inland Empire Health Plan to provide
health care services to homeless individuals throughout the County.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 106
Describe the strengths and gaps of the service delivery system for special needs
population and persons experiencing homelessness, including, but not limited to,
the services listed above
Numerous resources are available for homeless individuals living with HIV/AIDS in the County,
including service providers which provide permanent supportive housing. Additionally, the Inland
Empire Health Plan serves anyone who is chronically homeless, which is defined as an
individual who is homeless for more than a year or homeless four or more times in three years
and has a disabling health condition, which includes HIV/AIDS.
The SBCHP identifies a significant gap of resources for elderly persons and persons with
disabilities. On average, elderly persons and persons with disabilities receive approximately
$1,000 per month in social security income (SSI). However, the HUD fair market rent for th e
County is $986 for a one-bedroom unit. This leaves individuals receiving SSI without the means
to afford housing, potentially leaving some homeless.
Provide a summary of the strategy for overcoming gaps in the institutional
structure and service delivery system for carrying out a strategy to address
priority needs
Currently, the SBCHP works with 62 homeless service providers and all cities within the County.
Steering committees, comprising service providers and representatives from some of these
cities, including the City of San Bernardino, contribute to the partnership’s decision-making
process. The partnership encourages continued participation to overcome gaps in institutional
structure. Additionally, the SBCHP performs an annual gap analysis to determine areas in which
the partnership can improve.
The partnership is continually finding ways to fill gaps in services, including through partnerships
with nonprofits, businesses, and municipalities as well as through new approaches to problem
solving. This includes motel, hotel, shared, and bridge housing as well as employment training.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 107
SP-45 Goals Summary – 91.215(a)(4)
Goals Summary Information
Sort
Order
Goal Name Start
Year
End
Year
Category Geographic
Area
Needs
Addressed
Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
1 Preserve and
Rehabilitate
Housing
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Preserve and
Rehabilitate
Housing
HOME:
$2,000,000
Rental units rehabilitated: 100
Homeowner housing
rehabilitated:10
2 Expand
Homeownership
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Expand
Homeownership
Home:
$3,000,000
NSP:
$300,000
Homeowner housing added: 100
3 Provide
Homeless and
Homeless
Prevention
Services
2020 2024 Homeless Citywide Provide
Homeless and
Homeless
Prevention
Services
ESG:
$1,500,000
Public service activities other than
low/moderate income housing
benefit
Homelessness prevention
200,000 persons assisted
4 New Affordable
Rental Housing
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide New Affordable
Rental Housing
HOME:
$4,500,000
New affordable rental units: 300
5 Promote
Economic
Development
(Micro-
Enterprise)
2020 2024 Non-Housing
Community
Development
Citywide Promote
Economic
Development
(Micro-Enterprise)
CDBG:
$185,000
Jobs created/retained: 500
Businesses Assisted: 70
6 Improve
Facilities and
Infrastructure
2020 2024 Non-Housing
Community
Development
Citywide Improve Facilities
and Infrastructure
CDBG:
$10,000,000
Public facility or infrastructure
activities other than low/moderate
income housing benefit:
160,000 Persons Assisted
7 Fair Housing 2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Fair Housing CDBG:
$400,000
Public service activities other than
low/moderate income housing
benefit:
5,000 Persons Assisted
8 Planning and
Administration
2020 2024 Administration Citywide Planning and
Administration
CDBG:
$3,406,000
HOME:
$700,000
Other (planning and administration)
Table 53 – Goals Summary
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 108
Goal Descriptions
1 Goal Name Preserve and Rehabilitate Housing
Goal
Description
Provide funding for homeowner-occupied and rental housing rehabilitation.
2 Goal Name Expand Homeownership
Goal
Description
Provide funding for the construction of new owner housing units and first-time
homebuyer assistance programs, such as down payment assistance.
3 Goal Name Provide Homeless and Homeless Prevention Services
Goal
Description
Provide funding to assist homeless individuals and those with special needs with
supportive services; includes funding for emergency shelters, rapid rehousing,
homelessness prevention, street outreach, and HMIS costs.
4 Goal Name New Affordable Rental Housing
Goal
Description
Provide funding for new affordable rental housing (new construction or rehabilitation)
and affordable rental housing with supportive services for homeless individuals and
veterans.
5 Goal Name Promote Economic Development (Micro-Enterprise)
Goal
Description
Provide funding to create jobs through physical and economic revitalization, includes
funding for micro-enterprise programs.
6 Goal Name Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
Goal
Description
Provide funding to improve public facilities and infrastructure, including parks,
community centers, and sidewalks.
7 Goal Name Fair Housing
Goal
Description
Promote fair housing choice through the following activities: fair housing education,
fair housing testing, housing assistance hotline, and landlord-tenant mediation.
8 Goal Name Planning and Administration
Goal
Description
Provide funding to implement the goals and objectives of the ConPlan, comply with
planning and reporting requirements, and monitor use of the funds.
Estimate the number of extremely low -income, low-income, and moderate-income
families to whom the jurisdiction will provide affordable housing as defined by
HOME 91.315(b)(2)
The City estimates that HOME funds will provide affordable housing to approximately 1,884
households over the ConPlan period.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 109
SP-50 Public Housing Accessibility and Involvement – 91.215(c)
Need to Increase the Number of Accessible Units (if Required by a Section 504
Voluntary Compliance Agreement)
Households in California with at least one member living with a disability have a median
household income of $56,600, approximately $26,000 less than the median household income
of all households at $82,000.23 Consequently, the need for accessible affordable units would be
high for this population.
As discussed in NA-35, the average annual income of all vouchers holders is approximately
$14,084, which indicates these voucher holders have limited income to cover basic
transportation, medical, food, and personal needs. As indicated in Table 23 in NA-35, 5,277
voucher holders (37 percent) have requested some type of accessible feature, demonstrating a
need. Given the number of persons with disabilities across the County, the need for accessible
units would be great.
Activities to Increase Resident Involvements
The HACSB Board of Commissioners has regular meetings twice per month that call for public
comment on agenda items. The HACSB also operates a Family Self Sufficiency Program
designed so that residents can be involved in the development of self-sufficiency goals, job
training, and other services.
Is the public housing agency designated as troubled under 24 CFR part 902?
No.
Plan to remove the ‘troubled’ designation
Not applicable.
23 Cornell University. Disability Statistics. http://www.disabilitystatistics.org/reports/acs.cfm
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 110
SP-55 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.215(h)
Barriers to Affordable Housing
Several factors act as barriers to acquiring and constructing affordable housing. Lack of funding
is the most significant as local, state, and federal funding has been decreasing over the last
decade.
Local, state, and federal development requirements are the next most significant barrier, and
include:24
Planning and development fees, such as for transportation, water, and sewer
infrastructure, increases the cost of development.
Permit and processing procedures, including application review, can also delay housing
development.
Environmental protection policies, including the California Environmental Quality Act and
the National Environmental Policy Act, require environmental review for discretionary
projects, which increases costs and delays the development process.
Site improvements required by the City for undeveloped land or land that lacks adequate
transportation and pedestrian infrastructure increases the cost of housing development.
Strategy to Remove or Ameliorate the Barriers to Affordable Housing
The City continues to make the development process more efficient for developers through
amendments to the Development Code. The City plans to make the following updates to its
development code:25
General Lot Consolidation Incentive – This incentive would increase development
potential by allowing a 15 percent density bonus for projects with a residential
component, maintenance plan, and on-site management.
Density Bonus Provisions – The City plans to update the Development Code to reflect
the latest amendments to state density bonus law.
Transitional and Supportive Housing – The City plans to update the Development Code
to adequately define transitional and permanent supportive housing to eliminate
confusion and facilitate the review and approval process for this housing type.
Streamlined Processing – The City plans to analyze potential programs that seek to
eliminate land use constraints related to the development of new housing and
rehabilitation of existing housing. Additionally, the City has applied for an SB 2 planning
grant to assist with streamlining.
24 City of San Bernardino, 2013-2021 Housing Element, January 2014.
25 City of San Bernardino, 2013-2021 Housing Element, January 2014.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 111
SP-60 Homelessness Strategy – 91.215(d)
Reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and
assessing their individual needs
The City of San Bernardino provides ESG funding to Step Up on Second (Step Up), which
provides essential service referrals and housing placement services to homeless persons and
near-homeless persons. Step Up also provides daily mobile outreach to the most service-
resistant homeless population in the City.
Addressing the emergency and transitional housing needs of homeless persons
The City funds nonprofits that operate emergency shelters and transitional housing for
homeless individuals. Emergency shelters provide shelter, nutrition, supportive services,
counseling, medical treatment, transportation assistance, referrals to mental health and social
service agencies, and housing assistance. Transitional housing programs provide shelter and
services such as job training, financial literacy training, drug and alcohol rehabilitation, and
counseling to help individuals reestablish independent living.
Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless individuals and
families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied
youth) make the transition to permanent housing and independent living,
including shortening the period of time that individuals and families experience
homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals and families to
affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and families who were
recently homeless from becoming homeless again.
The City will provide ESG funding for supportive services to assist homeless individuals,
including funding for emergency shelters, rapid rehousing, homelessness prevention, and street
outreach. The City will also fund nonprofit agencies that operate emergency shelters and
provide services to help homeless individuals stabilize and live independently. The City will
continue to fund nonprofits that help homeless individuals transition to permanent housing.
Help low -income individuals and families avoid becoming homeless, especially
extremely low-income individuals and families who are likely to become
homeless after being discharged from a publicly funded institution or system of
care, or who are receiving assistance from public and private agencies that
address housing, health, social services, employment, education or youth needs
As discussed above, the City funds a number of nonprofits that provide homeless prevention
services to those at risk of homelessness. Additionally, the Coordinated Entry System (CES) is
used to quickly identify, assess, refer, and connect clients to housing assistance and services in
the event they are hospitalized. The City also collaborates with St. Bernardine’s Hospital and
Community Hospital in the City of San Bernardino to connect homeless patients with bridge
housing.
City of San Bernardino
Draft 2020 - 2025 Consolidated Plan │ 112
SP-65 Lead based paint Hazards – 91.215(i)
Actions to address LBP hazards and increase access to housing without LBP
hazards
The City follows all applicable lead-based paint hazard (LBP) regulations, which primarily affect
projects funded by the City’s Housing Rehabilitation Program. All applicants are notified about
LBP risk and, if they are low-income and have a child under six at home, are then referred to the
County’s LBP Abatement Program for free paint inspections, lead testing for children,
information about LBP, and abatement. In general, housing built after 1977, zero-bedroom units,
and housing for the elderly or disabled persons (unless children are present) are exempt from
this rule.
How are the actions listed above related to the extent of lead poisoning and
hazards?
Units built prior to 1980 may contain LBP, to which children under the age of six years are
especially vulnerable. As discussed in MA-20, approximately 31,000 housing units were built
prior to 1980, of which approximately 6,500 are occupied by children under six years of age.
How are the actions listed above integrated into housing policies and
procedures?
The City, as part of its Housing Rehabilitation Program, requires that all LBP be controlled or
abated and disposed of properly to eliminate or reduce the hazard of environmental or human
contamination.
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SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy – 91.215(j)
Jurisdiction Goals, Programs and Policies for reducing the number of Poverty-
Level Families
The City annually allocates federal funds for economic development activities, which includes
microloan programs and Section 108 loan repayment. HUD’s Section 108 Loan Guarantee
Program provides CDBG recipients with financing for economic development activities. The goal
of the program is to provide the public investment needed to catalyze private economic activity
in underserved areas. The City utilizes Section 108 financing to acquire properties for the
development of commercial centers and in the process creates jobs for City residents.
Additionally, the City uses its CDBG, HOME, and ESG funds to reduce the number of poverty-
level families through the provision of supportive services and housing assistance. Specifically,
at least 70 percent of CDBG dollars must be used to benefit low- to moderate-income families.
How are the Jurisdiction poverty reducing goals, programs, and policies
coordinated with this affordable housing plan?
The City allocated up to 15 percent of its CDBG funds annually to public and nonprofit service
providers to offer a range of supportive services, including those that fight poverty. Additionally,
the City is using its funds to support other activities that address poverty, such as housing
rehabilitation, homeownership programs, rental assistance, and economic development.
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SP-80 Monitoring – 91.230
Describe the standards and procedures that the jurisdiction will use to monitor
activities carried out in furtherance of the plan and will use to ensure long -term
compliance with requirements of the programs involved, including minority
business outreach and the comprehensive planning requirements
The City implements a subrecipient grant monitoring policy. City staff conducts program
monitoring and audits of subrecipient records and facilities throughout the program year. As part
of this responsibility, the City reviews quarterly compliance reports and annual single audits (as
required by 24 CFR Part 44.6). Additionally, the City conducts risk assessments using financial
information provided by subrecipients. Monitoring activities are conducted by telephone or on-
site.
The City’s CDBG, HOME, and ESG monitoring reports include:
1. Background of the agency, program, or project;
2. Review of current findings;
3. Corrective actions necessary (if applicable);
4. Observations about the program operations; and
5. Communication/advisement offered to the agency about their operations.
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CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO DRAFT
FY 2020-2021 ACTION PLAN
PROJECTS TO BE UNDERTAKEN TO MEET THE OBJECTIVES OF THE CONSOLIDATED PLAN
Mayor: John Valdivia
Councilmember First Ward: Theodore Sanchez
Councilmember Second Ward: Sandra Ibarra
Councilmember Third Ward: Juan Figueroa
Councilmember Fourth Ward: Fred Shorett
Councilmember Fifth Ward: Henry Nickel
Councilmember Sixth Ward: Bessine L. Richard
Councilmember Seventh Ward: James L. Mulvihill
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Executive Summary
AP-05 Executive Summary - 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b)
1. Introduction
The City of San Bernardino (City) must prepare and submit to the Department of Housing and Urban
Development (HUD) an Annual Action Plan that details the proposed uses of federal grants the City
receives. The City is an entitlement community and receives the following federal grants:
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)
HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME)
Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG)
The Action Plan serves as the City’s annual application to HUD and is a requirement for a receipt of
yearly allocations of the grants noted above. To receive these funds, the City undertakes a planning
process known as the Consolidated Plan cycle. This process is documented by three reports: 1) a Five-
Year Consolidated Plan; 2) five annual one-year Action Plans, and 3) five annual Consolidated Annual
Performance and Evaluation Reports (CAPERs).
2. Summarize the objectives and outcomes identified in the Plan
This could be a restatement of items or a table listed elsewhere in the plan or a reference to
another location. It may also contain any essential items from the housing and homeless needs
assessment, the housing market analysis or the strategic plan.
The City of San Bernardino has a range of housing and community development needs. The City's
objective is to use its grant funds to coordinate programs, services, and projects with the anticipated
outcome of creating a decent and suitable living environment to benefit low- and moderate-income
households and those with special needs. Priorities for the FY 2020-2024 CONSOLIDATED PLAN
established in consultation with residents and community groups are noted.
Priority Objectives/Goals
1. Preserve and rehabilitate existing single-family dwellings: by extending the useful life of existing
housing stock through repair and rehabilitation loans to low and moderate income households.
2. Improve Neighborhood Conditions: by rehabilitating multi-family rental housing.
3. Expand homeownership opportunities: through work with CHDO organizations.
4. Expand homeownership opportunities: by funding an Infill Housing Project. Projects will consist
of new construction of infill housing city-wide and in the Eastpointe neighborhood.
5. Assist homeless and special needs populations with supportive services: fund social service
organizations to assist homeless persons through the provision of homeless prevention,
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emergency shelters, street outreach, supportive services and placement in permanent
supportive housing.
6. New Affordable Rental Housing Construction or Rehabilitation: by funding new affordable rental
housing (new construction or rehabilitation). There are two rental housing projects in the City’s
housing pipeline that are anticipated to begin predevelopment during the current AP period:
Seccombe Park and Foothill Villas Apartments.
7. Promote Economic Development: by funding a Micro-Enterprise program in partnership with
“Emprendedoras”, a Spanish language training program for persons interested in launching a
small business or expanding an existing small business.
8. Improve and expand existing community facilities and infrastructure to meet current and future
needs: replacement of playground equipment in three parks in the City's CDBG eligible
areas; convert an existing baseball field into a Miracle League baseball field that will be ADA
compliant; re-roof Encanto Community Center; citywide concrete repairs to replace sidewalks
and provide ADA accessibility.
9. Eliminate identified impediments to fair housing through education, enforcement, and
testing: Fund fair housing activities to include fair housing enforcement, landlord/tenant
mediation and education.
10. Planning and administration: Funding for planning and administration of CDBG, HOME and ESG.
11. Homeless services/funding.
3. Evaluation of past performance
This is an evaluation of past performance that helped lead the grantee to choose its goals or
projects.
Preserve and rehabilitate existing single-family dwellings – No homes were rehabilitated through the
City's Owner Occupied Rehabilitation Loan Program (OORP).
Expand Homeownership opportunities and assist homebuyers with the purchase of affordable
housing - In FY 2019-20 the City completed two (2) new newly built homes on infill lots. The City’s CHDO
partner, Housing Partners I is currently marketing the homes to households at 50% to 80% of AMI.
Provide Supportive Services - Homeless / Non-Homeless Special Needs: In FY 2019-20, the City
allocated $830,000 in HOME funds; $1.5 million in NSP1 and $180,000 to Arrowhead Grove, formerly
known as Waterman Gardens Public Housing Community, for phase 3 of construction. This project will
result in a total of 184 mixed-income family apartments. The new construction will provide 147
affordable family units.
Promote Economic Development: The City held five (5) small business/entrepreneur workshops.
Approximately, 20 persons attended the workshops in FY 2019-2020. There were more workshops
scheduled for the year, however, due to the Covid-19 virus, those workshops had to be postponed.
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Improve Facilities and Infrastructure – Public Facilities Projects: In FY 2019-2020, the City completed:
Lytle Creek Park roof replacement, Jerry Lewis Swim Center facility upgrades and replacement of
playground equipment at five parks: Meadowbrook Fields, Lytle Creek, Wildwood, Harrison Canyon, and
Speicher.
Eliminate identified impediments to fair housing through education, enforcement, and testing: The
Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board provided landlord-tenant counseling and other fair housing
services to approximately 3,300 persons in the City.
Planning and Administration: Funding for planning and administration of CDBG, HOME and ESG.
Provide rental assistance and preserve existing affordable rental housing: In FY 2019-2020, two (2)
assisted rental projects were inspected to ensure units remained affordable and habitable.
Expand the affordable housing inventory through new construction: In 2019-2020, the City completed
the second and third phases of construction on the site of the former Waterman Gardens Public Housing
community (now called Arrowhead Grove), which resulted in a total of 184 mixed-income family
apartments. Arrowhead Grove will provide 147 affordable one- to four-bedroom family units with an
additional 35 market-rate units interspersed across the site and two units for property managers. In
addition to the new units constructed, a new traffic signal and bus shelter were installed.
Improve Neighborhood Conditions – Demolition Program: Funding for this project has been eliminated
due to the program’s inability to spend down its CDBG budgeted amounts during two consecutive
years.
4. Summary of Citizen Participation Process and consultation process
Summary from citizen participation section of plan.
To solicit public input during the development of the Consolidated Plan and the Annual Action Plan, the
City conducted the following meetings:
Six community engagement meetings were held in January 2020:
Akoma Unity Center, 1367 N. California Street, San Bernardino, Saturday, January 18, 2020, 9:30
AM-11:30 AM, 15 people in attendance
Rezek Center – St. Bernardine Medical Center, 2101 N. Waterman Ave., San Bernardino,
Tuesday, January 21, 2020, 11 AM–1 PM, 15 people in attendance
Maplewood Homes, 906 Wilson St., San Bernardino, Wednesday, January 22, 2020, 4 PM–5 PM,
20 people in attendance
Olive Meadows, 610 East Olive Street, San Bernardino, Thursday, January 23, 4 PM–5 PM, 2
residents in attendance
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Valencia Vista, 950 N. Valencia Ave., San Bernardino, Thursday, January 23, 2020, 5 PM–6:30
PM, 0 people in attendance
San Bernardino Valley College, 701 S. Mt. Vernon Ave., San Bernardino, Friday, January 24, 2020,
9 AM – 10:30 PM, 9 people in attendance
A housing summit was held on February 6, 2020, from 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM. The summit gathered
community leaders, agency representatives, service providers, planning professionals, developers,
business owners, and others to learn the current state of housing, jobs, and development opportunities.
The summit also identified public safety concerns, the need for diverse housing options (both
emergency and long term), ways to develop new and improve existing housing stock, how to expand
opportunities to advance workforce and build community wealth, and community health including
physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The summit was also held to help build partnerships to
address the City's most immediate needs and learn new ideas for long-range planning. Those in
attendance were:
Civil Liberties Union
Inland Congregations United for Change
Mary Erickson Community Housing
National Core
Step Up On Second
Habitat for Humanity
County of San Bernardino Community Development and Housing Agency
Omnitrans
County of San Bernardino Department of Behavioral Health
Wells Fargo Bank
Akoma Unity Center
Dignity Health St. Bernadine Medical Center
Neighborhood Partnership Housing Services
County of San Bernardino Office of Homeless Services
Project Fighting Chance
Center for Employment Opportunities
Project Fighting Chance
Inland Valley Recovery Services
Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board
Catholic Charities San Bernardino County
Stakeholder interviews were conducted in-person, one-on-one phone conversations, and emails were
held with various service providers to obtain feedback. The feedback was especially helpful in identifying
gaps in services, trends in the local community, and needs relating to specific services and populations.
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Three pop-up/tabling events were held throughout the City: a football game at San Bernardino High
School on November 1, 2019, the San Bernardino Airshow on November 2, 2019, and the City of San
Bernardino Winter Wonderland on December 14, 2019. Surveys were distributed at the pop-up events
and a total of 314 residents responded to the survey from these pop-up events.
The City held a Council public hearing on March 18, 2020, to review the draft ConPlan, and on April 15,
2020, for the City Council and Mayor to review and approve the final plan.
For the 2020 program year Action Plan:
City Staff met with the CDBG Ad Hoc Committee on February 26, 2020 to present its funding
recommendations and receive input from the committee.
The City also:
Published a public notice (in English and Spanish) in the San Bernardino Sun, and El Chicano
announcing the public hearing meeting
Made available for public review, a copy of the Draft PY 2020-2021 Annual Action Plan at the
Community & Economic Development public counter, the City website and Norman F. Feldheym
Public Library.
Published a 15-day comment of public review, comment, Plan availability and date of the first
public hearing number of the Draft FY 2020-2021 Annual Action Plan for the period of March 4,
2020 through March 18, 2020.
Published a 30-day notice of public review, comment, availability and second public hearing for
the period of March 12, 2020 through April 15, 2020 to approve and submit the PY 2020-2021
Annual Action Plan to HUD on May 15, 2020
5. Summary of public comments
This could be a brief narrative summary or reference an attached document from the Citizen
Participation section of the Con Plan.
A public review period for the Draft PY 2020-2021 Annual Action Plan was noticed from March 4, 2020
through March 18, 2020 and again on March 12, 2020 through April 15, 2020. The City of San
Bernardino did not receive comments from the public.
The PY 2020-2021 Annual Action Plan was made available at the Community & Economic Development
Department public counter, the City website and Norman F. Feldheym Public Library for public review
and comment.
6. Summary of comments or views not accepted and the reasons for not accepting them
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There were no comments received by the City of San Bernardino.
7. Summary
The City has undertaken diligent and good faith efforts to reach all segments of the community that may
benefit from the City’s CDBG, HOME, and ESG programs. PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies – 91.200(b)
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PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies – 91.200(b)
1. Agency/entity responsible for preparing/administering the Consolidated Plan
Describe the agency/entity responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those responsible for administration of each g rant
program and funding source.
Agency Role Name Department/Agency
Lead Agency SAN BERNARDINO
CDBG Administrator SAN BERNARDINO Community and Economic Development Department
HOPWA Administrator
HOME Administrator SAN BERNARDINO Community and Economic Development Department
ESG Administrator SAN BERNARDINO Community and Economic Development Department
HOPWA-C Administrator
Table 1 – Responsible Agencies
Narrative (optional)
The Community and Economic Development Department administers, implements and monitors projects funded through the HUD’s formula
entitlement grants. As a recipient of these funds, the City’s Community and Economic Development Department is tasked with the responsibility
of developing and carrying out the goals and objectives noted in the Consolidated Plan. The City uses these and other funds to provide decent
housing, create a suitable living environment, and expand economic opportunities throughout the City.
The Community and Economic Development Department works closely with the Public Works Department and the City Parks and Recreation
Department, the City Manager's Office, the City Council, and the CDBG Ad Hoc Committee in establishing goals and priorities that will serve the
needs of the residents of San Bernardino.
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Consolidated Plan Public Contact Information
For matters concerning the City of San Bernardino’s CDBG, HOME, and ESG programs, please contact: the Community and Economic
Development Department, Gretel Noble, Housing Manager at 201 N E Street, 3rd Floor, San Bernardino, CA 92418, telephone: (909) 384-7270 or
via email at noble_gr@sbcity.org.
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AP-10 Consultation – 91.100, 91.200(b), 91.215(l)
1. Introduction
The City views the Consolidated Plan as an opportunity to engage the community in the CDBG, ESG, and
HOME investment process. It urges citizens to voice their concerns and share their ideas concerning
community development, affordable housing, and homelessness. It encourages all residents, especially
those living in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, to participate in the planning process.
Provide a concise summary of the jurisdiction’s activities to enhance coordination between
public and assisted housing providers and private and governmental health, mental health
and service agencies (91.215(l))
• The City has been working in a partnership with the Housing Authority of the County of San
Bernardino (HACSB) and County Community Development and Housing Agency to redevelop 251 units
of public housing at the former Waterman Gardens public housing project (now known as Arrowhead
Grove).
• The City is also working in a partnership with National CORE, an Inland Empire CHDO, and the Housing
Authority of the County of San Bernardino in the development of Arrowhead Grove.
• The City partners with Neighborhood Partnership Housing Services (NPHS), a CHDO, for the
administration of an owner-occupied, single family rehabilitation program.
• Housing Partners I, also a CHDO, and NPHS partner with the City to build new single family, ownership
housing on vacant and blighted lots throughout the city, in order to increase homeownership among
households at and below 80% of Area Median Income.
• The City coordinates with the County Department of Behavioral Health (DBH) in and ongoing exchange
of information and resources available to persons who are experiencing homelessness and mental
health crises. The City has also partnered with DBH in the Golden Apartments project where DBH
provides the case management services for the formerly homeless residents who live with mental
illness.
• The City has also been working on investment strategies for housing and health with Dignity Health.
Dignity Health’s Community Investment program provided a $1.2 million dollar loan for the construction
(which is currently underway) of Arrowhead Grove Phase 3, which will result in the construction of a 184
mixed income development, with 147 units reserved for low-income households.
• The City has been consulting with the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino and the
Community Development and Housing Agency of the County of San Bernardino concerning lead based
paint hazards as it relates to rehabilitation of owner occupied single family homes. The City has also
consulted with HUD’s environmental office regarding lead based paint and staff attended the most
recent lead based paint training provided onsite at the HUD Los Angeles office.
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The City has been in coordination with the San Bernardino Unified School District in their Uplift San
Bernardino initiative. Uplift San Bernardino is Focused on the future of the youth community, such
as launching the future workforce into local jobs; ignite Upward Mobility in the community; convene
leadership work groups to change systems & police; effectively inspire community voice &
engagement to inform better decisions & increase access to opportunities especially for youth;
create shared understanding of issues & opportunities based on research & data; mobilize people
and resources to fill in gaps identified between systems and promote accountability through a
transparent history of Uplift’s decisions, progress, & learning.
Include language re: coordination with Vince’s group - small business administration – get language
from Janine.
Include Janine’s work with Sandra Espadas group.
For the past year the City has been working with an initiative headed by the Center for Community
Investment and seven health providers, including Dignity Health in an initiative to Accelerate
Investments in Healthy Communities (AIHC).
Describe coordination with the Continuum of Care and efforts to address the needs of
homeless persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with
children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth) and persons at risk of homelessness.
As homelessness does not have boundaries, the most efficient way to address the needs of the
homeless (especially chronically homeless populations), is regionally. There are four entities that work
collaboratively to address homelessness throughout San Bernardino County. They are: 1) the
Interagency Council on Homelessness, a policy making body; 2) Homeless Provider Network, an advisory
group made up of local public, private, faith-based, non-profit and housing organizations who work to
improve service delivery to the homeless; 3) Central Valley Steering Committee, which is a sub-
committee of the Homeless Provider Network, is a group made up of the following cities, San
Bernardino, Rialto, Redlands, Colton, Grand Terrace, and Fontana, in addition to private, faith-based,
non-profit and housing organizations who collaborate to improve service delivery to the homeless. The
goal of the Central Valley Steering Committee is to advocate for the homeless and those at-risk of
becoming homeless residing in those cities that are in the County of San Bernardino; 4) the San
Bernardino County Behavioral Health Administration, Office of Homeless Services, the administrative
arm of the CoC. The strategy that guides the actions of the above-mentioned groups is the “10-Year
Strategy to End Homelessness in San Bernardino County”. This document serves as the blueprint for
ending homelessness in San Bernardino County.
The City of San Bernardino is an active participant of the Continuum of Care (CoC) and fully supports the
goals and objectives of the 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness in San Bernardino County. City of San
Bernardino City Councilmember, Fred Shorett, represents the City of San Bernardino on the board of the
Interagency Council on Homelessness, the City’s Police Department supports and participates in the
Point-in-Time Homeless Count, and the Community and Economic Development staff requires its ESG
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Subrecipients to participate in the CoC’s Homeless Management Information System (HMIS), a software
application designed to collect client-level data and data on the provision of housing and services to
homeless individuals and families and persons at risk of homelessness.
Through its ESG program the City funds five organizations that provide street outreach, emergency
shelter, homeless prevention services, rapid rehousing and HMIS.
Describe consultation with the Continuum(s) of Care that serves the jurisdiction's area in
determining how to allocate ESG funds, develop performance standards for and evaluate
outcomes of projects and activities assisted by ESG funds, and develop funding, policies and
procedures for the operation and administration of HMIS
The City works closely with the CoC and attends its regular scheduled meetings and trainings in the area
of homelessness. The City consults with the Interagency Council on Homelessness (ICH), which has not
less than one former homeless member, in regards to funding recommendations. The discussions at the
ICH meetings are comprised of updates on HMIS and a monthly data quality report is provided
illustrating the number of clients enrolled in the non-profit organizations using HMIS. The updates are
helpful in evaluating the outcomes of projects and activities assisted with ESG. Other topics of
discussion include presentations to the Office of Homeless Services on activities from the San
Bernardino County Reentry Collaborative regarding workshop meetings to discuss updating their
strategic plan, and a Community Recidivism Reduction Program. A Veterans Initiative – the Housing
Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) has continued to develop creative and effective ways
to address the needs of the County’s homeless veterans. Over the past year the HASCB, along with the
support and efforts of our affiliate non-profits, KEYS and HP1 Inc., has created housing opportunities for
homeless veterans.
2. Describe Agencies, groups, organizations and others who participated in the proces s
and describe the jurisdiction’s consultations with housing, social service agencies and other
entities
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Table 2 – Agencies, groups, organizations who participated
1 Agency/Group/Organization Dignity Health St Bernardine Medical Center
Agency/Group/Organization Type Health Agency
Major Employer
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Housing Need Assessment
Non-Homeless Special Needs
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino and Dignity Health. The anticipated outcomes are
increased commitment to affordable housing/economic investment in
the community.
2 Agency/Group/Organization National Community Renaissance (National CORE)
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development Strategy
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino. The anticipated outcomes are increased commitment
to affordable housing/investment in the community.
3 Agency/Group/Organization Neighborhood Partnership Housing Services (NPHS)
Agency/Group/Organization Type Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation?
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was interviewed by the City of San Bernardino. The
anticipated outcomes are increased commitment to affordable
housing/economic investment in the community
4 Agency/Group/Organization Omni Trans
Agency/Group/Organization Type Other – Transit Agency
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What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation?
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino and Dignity Health. The anticipated outcomes are
increased commitment to affordable housing/economic investment in
the community
5 Agency/Group/Organization Continuum of Care
Agency/Group/Organization Type Publicly Funded/System of Care
Services - Housing
Services-Children
Services-Elderly Persons
Services-Persons with Disabilities
Services-homeless
Services-Education
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs - Chronically homeless, Families with children, Veterans,
Unaccompanied Youth, Homeless Strategy
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino. The anticipated outcomes are increased commitment
to
6 Agency/Group/Organization San Bernardino County Department of Behavioral Health
Agency/Group/Organization Type Health Agency – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino. The anticipated outcomes are increased commitment
to
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7 Agency/Group/Organization Project Fighting Chance
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Children
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development Strategy
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was consulted in a workshop setting hosted by the City
of San Bernardino. The anticipated outcomes are
8 Agency/Group/Organization Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board
Agency/Group/Organization Type Fair Housing
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Housing Need Assessment
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The organization was interviewed by the City of San Bernardino. The
anticipated outcomes are increased commitment to
9 Agency/Group/Organization Salvation Army – Hospitality House
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services-Homeless
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The Salvation Army Hospitality House was consulted. The anticipated
outcome is to serve homeless women and children and stabilize them,
case manage, and provide a type of housing suitable for them.
10 Agency/Group/Organization Center For Employment Opportunities
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Employment
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Non-Housing Community Development Strategy
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Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The Center for Employment Opportunities was consulted. The
anticipated outcome is to
11 Agency/Group/Organization Inland Valley Recovery Services
Agency/Group/Organization Type Services – Health
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Homeless Needs – Chronically Homeless, Families with Children,
Veterans, Unaccompanied Youth
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
The Inland Valley Recovery Services was consulted. The anticipated
outcome is to
12 Agency/Group/Organization Dr. Tom Pierce , CSU San Bernardino
Agency/Group/Organization Type Civic Leader
What section of the Plan was addressed by Consultation? Market Analysis
Briefly describe how the Agency/Group/Organization was
consulted. What are the anticipated outcomes of the
consultation or areas for improved coordination?
Dr. Tom Pierce was consulted. The anticipated outcome is to
Identify any Agency Types not consulted and provide rationale for not consulting
No agency types were excluded from engagement. In the future the City will make a special effort to include corrections programs and
institutions.
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Other local/regional/state/federal planning efforts considered when preparing the Plan
Name of Plan Lead Organization How do the goals of your Strategic Plan overlap with the goals
of each plan?
Continuum of Care Continuum of Care Alliance Potential funding allocations to address homeless needs will
complement the COC Strategy.
10-Year Strategy to End
Homelessness Continuum of Care Alliance Funding allocations to address homeless needs will be consistent
with the 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness.
City of San Bernardino 2013-2021
Housing Element
City of San Bernardino Department of
Community Development
Potential funding allocations to address housing needs will
complement the 2013-2021 Housing Element.
Housing Authority County of San
Bernardino (HACSB)
Housing Authority County of San
Bernardino (HACSB)
The City will support HACSB's efforts on public housing and the
ongoing partnership on Waterman Gardens
Table 3 – Other local / regional / federal planning efforts
Narrative (optional)
City staff, with assistance from its consultant, worked to engage a wide array of residents and stakeholders in the community engagement
process. In addition to engaging residents in the community survey, the City also engage housing providers and developers, social service
agencies, financial institutions, neighborhood associations, local health systems and organizations that provide outreach and supportive
housing to homeless persons. The City also undertook direct solicitation for engage stakeholders to in the community survey, community
meetings, and stakeholder interviews.
Stakeholders and residents provided feedback on priorities, neighborhood revitalization issues, housing problems and possible solutions, They
were asked to provide input on how the City should spend CDBG, HOME and ESG funding.
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AP-12 Participation – 91.105, 91.200(c)
1. Summary of citizen participation process/Efforts made to broaden citizen participation
Summarize citizen participation process and how it impacted goal -setting
The City published a public hearing notice (Appendix A) in the San Bernardino Sun, and El Chicano newspapers in accordance with its citizen
participation plan for its March 18, 2020 and April 15, 2020 Public Hearing. It also posted the notice and the PY 2020-2021 Action Plan on the
City website. The PY 2020-2021 Action Plan was available on the City’s website at the Community and Economic Development Department
public counter, and the Norman F. Feldheym Public Library.
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Citizen Participation Outreach
Sort Or
der
Mode of Out
reach
Target of Out
reach
Summary of
response/atten
dance
Summary of
comments rec
eived
Summary of com
ments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If applicable)
1 Newspaper
Ad
Minorities
Non-English
Speaking -
Specify other
language:
Spanish
Persons with
disabilities
Residents of
Public and
Assisted
Housing
Low Income
persons
No responses
were received.
No comments
were received.
Because
comments were
not received
there is no
summary of
comments not
accepted.
http:iecn.com/newpapers/el-chicano/
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Sort Or
der
Mode of Out
reach
Target of Out
reach
Summary of
response/atten
dance
Summary of
comments rec
eived
Summary of com
ments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If applicable)
2 Internet
Outreach
Non-
targeted/broa
d community
No responses
were received
No comments
were received
Because
comments were
not received
there is no
summary of
comments not
accepted.
www.sbcity.org/housing
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Sort Or
der
Mode of Out
reach
Target of Out
reach
Summary of
response/atten
dance
Summary of
comments rec
eived
Summary of com
ments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If applicable)
3 Public
Meeting
Minorities
Non-English
Speaking -
Specify other
language:
Spanish
Persons with
disabilities
Non-
targeted/broa
d community
Residents of
Public and
Assisted
Housing
Low Income
persons
No responses
were received
No comments
were received
Because
comments were
not received
there is no
summary of
comments not
accepted.
http://sanbernardinocityca.iqm2.com/citize
ns/calendar.aspx
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Sort Or
der
Mode of Out
reach
Target of Out
reach
Summary of
response/atten
dance
Summary of
comments rec
eived
Summary of com
ments not
accepted
and reasons
URL (If applicable)
4 Public
Hearing
Minorities
Non-English
Speaking -
Specify other
language:
Spanish
Persons with
disabilities
Non-
targeted/broa
d community
Residents of
Public and
Assisted
Housing
No responses
were received
No comments
were received
Because
comments were
not received
there is no
summary of
comments not
accepted.
http://sanbernardinocityca.iqm2.com/citize
ns/calendar.aspx
Table 4 – Citizen Participation Outreach
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Expected Resources
AP-15 Expected Resources – 91.220(c)(1,2)
Introduction
Anticipated Resources
Program Source
of
Funds
Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected
Amount
Available
Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Description
Annual
Allocation:
$
Program
Income:
$
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
CDBG public -
federal
Acquisition
Admin and
Planning
Economic
Development
Housing
Public
Improvements
Public Services 3,405,816 17,000 800,368 4,223,184 0
Funding for program year 2020
includes the City's HUD allocation,
estimated program income and
prior year resources.
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Program Source
of
Funds
Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected
Amount
Available
Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Description
Annual
Allocation:
$
Program
Income:
$
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
HOME public -
federal
Acquisition
Homebuyer
assistance
Homeowner
rehab
Multifamily
rental new
construction
Multifamily
rental rehab
New
construction for
ownership
TBRA 1,404,784 500,694 1,435,694 3,341,172 0
The City plans to invest its HOME
dollars in an Affordable Rental
Housing Project, Infill Housing
Program (homeownership),
Seccombe Park Rental Housing
Project and Arrowhead Grove Phase
4.
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Program Source
of
Funds
Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected
Amount
Available
Remainder
of ConPlan
$
Narrative Description
Annual
Allocation:
$
Program
Income:
$
Prior Year
Resources: $
Total:
$
ESG public -
federal
Conversion and
rehab for
transitional
housing
Financial
Assistance
Overnight shelter
Rapid re-housing
(rental
assistance)
Rental Assistance
Services
Transitional
housing 295,799 0
*Pending Final
Reprogrammed 295,799 0
Assist ESG sub recipients with
funding to assist the Homeless
population with Emergency Shelter,
Motel Vouchers, Rapid Re-Housing,
Rental Assistance, Homelessness
Prevention and Financial Assistance
Table 5 - Expected Resources – Priority Table
Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state and local funds), including a description of how
matching requirements will be satisfied
The City will leverages its federal resources with state and private capital in order to develop quality affordable housing for San Bernardino
residents. Additional funds to serve the needs of lower- and moderate-income residents were derived from a variety of other sources, including:
Federal Resources
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• Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program
• Federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program
State Resources
Tax Exempt bonds
State Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program
No Place Like Home
Community Reinvestments Funds
Permanent Local Housing Allocation (PLHA) from California State Department of Housing
Veteran Housing and Homeless Prevention Program
Local Resources
• San Bernardino County Continuum of Care
• Housing Authority of San Bernardino County (HACSB)
Private Resources
• Dignity Health
• San Manuel Band of Mission Indians
• San Bernardino Unified School District
• City of San Bernardino Successor Housing Agency
HUD requires ESG recipients to match 100 percent of their ESG annual allocation. For those organizations that received ESG funds, agencies met
the match requirement through utilization of volunteerism, in-kind contributions and funds from other local, state and federal programs.
HUD requires HOME recipients to match 25 percent of their HOME annual allocation. In accordance with 24 CFR 92.222, when a local jurisdiction
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meets one of the distress criteria, it is determined to be in fiscal distress and receives a 50 percent reduction of match. The FY 2020-2021 match
reductions are not available as of date of this writing. However, in FY 2019-2020, the City received a 100 percent match reduction due to severe
fiscal distress. It is anticipated that in 2020-2021 the City will also receive a 100 percent match reduction. If a reduction is not granted, the City
of San Bernardino will continue to leverage its HOME funds with other housing resources. Any funds that are used in a HOME activity in excess of
the required match will be documented by the City and reported to HUD as part of the Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report
each year.
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If appropriate, describe publically owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that
may be used to address the needs identified in the plan
As part of the dissolution of the redevelopment agency, successor agencies with real property assets are
required to dispose of the properties pursuant to the City’s Long Range Property Management Plan or
Housing Asset Transfer (HAT) Plan. The Successor Agency has transferred all property listed on the
Housing Asset Transfer list to the City as the Successor Housing Agency. The City will determine the
development and/or disposition of these properties in the coming months.
Discussion
The Housing Successor Agency has a disposition plan for the parcels and the City will retain some for
economic development purposes, sell a number of the parcels and retain others for housing. The
majority of the properties are single family parcels that the city intends to utilize for the construction of
single family ownership housing.
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Annual Goals and Objectives
AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives
Goals Summary Information
Sort
Order
Goal Name Start Year End Year Category Geographic Area Needs Addressed Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
1 Preserve and
Rehabilitate
Housing
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Preserve and
Rehabilitate
Housing
HOME: $0 Homeowner Housing
Rehabilitated: 10
Note: Funding for this
program will
commence in FY 2021-
2022 through FY 2024-
2025
2 Improve
Neighborhood
Conditions
2022 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Improve
Neighborhood
Conditions
Home: $0 Rehabilitate Multi-
Family Rental Housing
3 Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Eastpointe
Neighborhood
Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
HOME: $0
NSP: $300,000
Homeownership
housing units added: 2
4 Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
Home: $700,000 Infill Housing Project: 8
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Sort
Order
Goal Name Start Year End Year Category Geographic Area Needs Addressed Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
5 Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Expand
Homeownership
Opportunities
$210,718 (CHDO) First Time
Homeownership
housing units added: 5
6 Provide Supportive
Services
2020 2024 Homeless
Non-Homeless
Special Needs
Citywide Provide
Supportive
Services
ESG:
$273,614
Public service activities
other than
low/moderate income
housing benefit
Rapid Rehousing: 20
Households Assisted
Homeless Person
Overnight Shelter: 50
Persons Assisted
Overnight/Emergency
Shelter/Transitional
Housing Beds added:
220 Beds
Homelessness
Prevention: 80 Persons
Assisted
7 New Affordable
Housing
Construction or
Rehabilitation
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Seccombe Park
Affordable
Rental Housing
HOME:
$1,789,282
New Affordable Rental
Units
8 Affordable
Housing
Construction or
Rehabilitation
2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Citywide Affordable
Rental Housing
HOME:
$500,000
New construction or
acquisition and
rehabilitation of
existing rental housing:
10
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Sort
Order
Goal Name Start Year End Year Category Geographic Area Needs Addressed Funding Goal Outcome Indicator
9 Promote Economic
Development
2020 2024 Non-Housing
Community
Development
(Section 108)
Citywide Promote
Economic
Development
CDBG:
$763,021
Jobs created/retained:
214 Jobs
10 Promote Economic
Development
2020 2024 Non-Housing
Community
Development
(Micro-Enterprise)
Citywide Promote
Economic
Development
CDBG: $35,000 Businesses assisted: 10
11 Improve Facilities
and Infrastructure
2020 2024 Non-Housing
Community
Development
Citywide Improve Facilities
and
Infrastructure
CDBG:
$2,671,000
Public Facility or
Infrastructure
Activities other than
Low/Moderate Income
Housing Benefit:
45,000 Persons
Assisted
12 Fair Housing 2020 2024 Affordable
Housing
Fair Housing CDBG: $73,000 Public service activities
for Low/Moderate
Income Housing
Benefit: 2,700
Households Assisted
13 Planning and
Administration
2020 2024 Administration Planning and
Administration
CDBG: $681,163
HOME: $140,478
ESG: $22,185
NSP: $60,000
Other: 1 Other
Table 6 – Goals Summary
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Goal Descriptions
1 Goal Name Preserve and Rehabilitate Housing
Goal
Description
Funding for Homeowner Housing Rehabilitation. Funding for this program will commence in FY 2021-2022 through FY 2024-
2025.
2 Goal Name Improve Neighborhood Conditions
Goal
Description
The Funding for Rehabilitation of Multi-Family Rental Housing. Funding for this activity will start in year 3 (2022-2023) of
this consolidated plan.
3 Goal Name Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Goal
Description
Funding for adding homeownership housing units – Eastpointe Intentional Housing
4 Goal Name Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Goal
Description
Infill Housing Project
5 Goal Name Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Goal
Description
First-Time Homeownership (CHDO)
6 Goal Name Provide Supportive Services
Goal
Description
Assist homeless and special needs populations with supportive services.
7 Goal Name New Affordable Housing Construction or Rehabilitation
Goal
Description
New affordable rental units at Seccombe Park
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8 Goal Name Affordable Housing Construction or Rehabilitation
Goal
Description
New affordable housing with supportive services to homeless veterans.
9 Goal Name Promote Economic Development
Goal
Description
Promote economic development and employment opportunities for low and moderate income persons - Micro-Enterprise
($35,000) and Section 108 Repayment Program ($763,021) Debt payment on Section 108.
10 Goal Name Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
Goal
Description
Citywide Concrete Repairs to be done to replace sidewalks and ADA accessibility;
Three park facilities will be improved and renovated with new playground equipment; one being a park having the existing
baseball field converted into Miracle League Park to be ADA compliant;
Encanto Community Center – Phase I – roof replacement/facility repairs.
11 Goal Name Fair Housing
Goal
Description
Eliminate identified impediments to fair housing through education, enforcement and testing.
12 Goal Name Planning and Administration
Goal
Description
The City will implement the goals and objectives of the Consolidated Plan by delivering a variety of housing and community
development programs and activities. The City will also continue to comply with the planning and reporting requirements of
the Consolidated Plan regulations and CDBG, HOME and ESG regulations. Annually, the City will monitor its use of CDBG,
HOME and ESG funds to ensure effective and appropriate use of funds.
CDBG Administration: $681,163
HOME Administration: $140,478
ESG Administration: $22,185
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Projects
AP-35 Projects – 91.220(d)
Introduction
With its CDBG, HOME, and ESG funds, the City of San Bernardino will fund eligible projects in the
following categories: preserve and rehabilitate housing; improve neighborhood conditions; expand
homeownership opportunities; expand homeownership opportunities (infill housing); provide
supportive services; new affordable housing construction or rehabilitation; new affordable housing
construction; promote economic development; improve facilities and infrastructure; fair housing, and
program planning and administration.
Projects
# Project Name
1 Fair Housing
2 CDBG - Planning and Administration
3 Promote Economic Development
4 Micro-Enterprise Program
5 New Affordable Housing Construction or Rehabilitation
6 Expand Homeownership Opportunities (NSP)
7 Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
8 Provide Supportive Services and ESG Administration
9 HOME – Planning and Administration
10 Expand Homeownership Opportunities – Infill Housing
11 First Time Homeownership – CHDO 15% Set-Aside
Table 7 - Project Information
Describe the reasons for allocation priorities and any obstacles to addressing underserved
needs
The allocation priorities are a result of input received from the community and based on the identified
needs such as the state of the City's infrastructure, housing stock and poverty. The primary obstacle to
addressing underserved needs is insufficient funds to meet the ongoing needs of persons, especially
those with special needs such as the homeless.
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AP-38 Project Summary
Project Summary Information
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1 Project Name Fair Housing
Target Area
Goals Supported Fair Housing
Needs Addressed Fair Housing
Funding CDBG: $73,000
Description Inland Fair Housing Mediation Board will provide activities that will assist
the City in furthering fair housing.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
This program will benefit approximately 2700 Low/Moderate Income
Households/Tenants.
Location Description Citywide
Planned Activities IFHMB will provide investigation, education, reconciliation, and/or
referral of housing discrimination complaints free of charge in the City of
San Bernardino. IFHMB offers workshops to educate housing providers,
tenants, homeowners, and financial and lending institutions on fair
housing laws.
2 Project Name CDBG - Planning and Administration
Target Area
Goals Supported Planning and Administration
Needs Addressed Planning and Administration
Funding CDBG: $681,163
Description The City will implement the goals and objectives of the Action Plan by
delivering a variety of housing and community development programs
and activities. The City will also continue to comply with the planning and
reporting requirements of the Action Plan regulations and CDBG, HOME
and ESG regulations. Annually, the City will monitor its use of CDBG,
HOME and ESG funds to ensure effective and appropriate use of funds.
CDBG Administration: $681,163
HOME Administration: $140,478
ESG Administration: $22,185
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Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
N/A
Location Description 201 North E Street, San Bernardino, CA 92401
Planned Activities Grant and Project Management
3 Project Name Promote Economic Development
Target Area City of San Bernardino – 17 acre site Southwest of East Highland Avenue
and Arden Avenue.
Goals Supported Promote Economic Development
Needs Addressed Promote Economic Development
Funding CDBG: $763,021
Description Debt payment on Section 108 in order to pursue physical and economic
revitalization that will provide jobs.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
214
Location Description 17 acre site Southwest of East Highland Avenue and Arden Avenue.
Planned Activities Section 108 debt repayment
4 Project Name Micro-Enterprise Program
Target Area 6/30/2021
Goals Supported Promote Economic Development
Needs Addressed Promote Economic Development
Funding CDBG: $35,000
Description Provide small business development training and support to income
qualified clients who wish to start their own small business.
Target Date 6/30/2021
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Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
125 participants who either own their business or are potential business
owners. There will be 5 cohorts with a total of 25 participants in each
cohort.
Location Description Citywide - Available to all existing or potential business
owners. Workshops are held at City Hall located at 201 North E Street,
San Bernardino, CA and at the Mexican Consulate located at 293 North D
Street, San Bernardino, CA.
Planned Activities The program will partner with the Small Business Administration to
provide Spanish language training for persons interested in launching a
small business or expanding an existing small business. Through the
City’s partnership with the “Emprendedoras” program, the City will cross
promote the services available through Workforce Development.
5 Project Name New Affordable Rental Housing Construction or Rehabilitation
Target Area
Goals Supported Affordable Rental Housing
Needs Addressed Affordable Rental Housing
Funding HOME: $1,789,282
Description New affordable rental units constructed at Seccombe Park at $1,789,282
and $500,000 for an affordable rental housing project.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Location Description Seccombe Park – 2631 W. 2nd Street San Bernardino, CA
Planned Activities Construction of new affordable rental housing units
6 Project Name Expand Homeownership Opportunities (NSP)
Target Area
Goals Supported Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Needs Addressed Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Funding NSP: $300,000
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Description Eastpointe Intentional Housing
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Location Description Eastpointe Neighborhood
Planned Activities Homeownership Housing units added
7 Project Name Improve Public Facilities and Infrastructure
Target Area
Goals Supported Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
Needs Addressed Improve Facilities and Infrastructure
Funding CDBG: $2,671,000
Description Three (3) parks will be funded for replacement of playground equipment
in addition to an existing baseball field to be converted into a Miracle
League park to be ADA compliant. A concrete/ADA project will also be
funded to replace sidewalks and ADA accessibility.
Encanto Community Center – Phase I – roof replacement/facility repairs.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Persons with an income level of 30% to 50% of AMI will benefit of the
improvements made to these parks and facility.
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Location Description The City has proposed to fund the following three (3) parks for
replacement of playground equipment and one of the parks existing
baseball field to be converted in a Miracle League park:
1. Meadowbrook Fields Park - 179 E Rialto Ave., San Bernardino, CA
2. Anne Shirrel Park – 1367 North California, San Bernardino, CA
3. Nicholson Park - 2737 W. 2nd Street, San Bernardino, CA (Playground
equipment replacement and existing baseball field conversion)
4. Encanto Community Center – Phase 1 – 1180 W. 9th Street, San
Bernardino, CA Roof replacement/facility repairs.
5. Citywide Concrete Repairs – to replace sidewalks and ADA accessibility
for Fifth Street Senior Center, Perris Hill Senior Center, Ruben Campos,
Lytle Creek, Rudy Hernandez, Nicholson and Delmann Heights
Community Centers.
Planned Activities Replacement of playground equipment to provide safety for the
community in addition to a Miracle League Park for ADA compliant and
citywide concrete repairs.
8 Project Name Provide Supportive Services and ESG Administration
Target Area Citywide
Goals Supported Provide Supportive Services
Needs Addressed Provide Supportive Services
Funding ESG: $295,799
Description Assist homeless and special needs populations with supportive services.
Funding for various Emergency Solutions Grant Program Projects to
include Emergency Shelter, Rapid Rehousing, Homelessness Prevention,
Street Outreach and HMIS costs.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Approximately 600 persons at very low income to zero income will
benefit from the proposed activities.
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Location Description 1. Community Action Partnership - 696 S. Tippecanoe Avenue, San
Bernardino, CA 92408
2. Family Service Association of Redlands - 612 Lawton St, Redlands, CA
92374
3. Lutheran Social Services - 813 N D St, San Bernardino, CA 92401
4. Step Up on Second - 201 North E Street, San Bernardino, CA 92401
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Planned Activities Planning and Administration of the ESG Program: Grant and Project
Management was funded $22,185
1. Community Action Partnership (CAPS) - will provide homeless persons and
those at risk of homelessness with temporary rental assistance, financial literacy
education and linkages to other support services. The City has awarded CAPS
$54,446 for FY 2020-2021
2. Family Service Association of Redlands (FSA) - will provide Emergency Shelter
(motel vouchers), wraparound services and case management to prevent
homelessness. The City has awarded FSA $63,000 for FY 2020-2021
3. Lutheran Social Services (LSSSC) - will provide Emergency Shelter as a "bridge"
to permanent housing, wraparound services to help homeless men 18 years and
older to achieve self-sufficiency. The City has awarded LSSSC $70,000 for FY
2020-2021.
4. Step Up on Second - will provide supportive services which begin with
engagement and street outreach activities. The City has awarded Step Up on
Second $86,168 for FY 2020-2021
Street Outreach
Total: $86,168
Step Up on Second - $86,168
Emergency Shelter
Total: $78,000
LSS - $50,000
FSA - $28,000
Rapid Re-Housing
Total: $25,000
FSA - $25,000.00
Homeless Prevention
Total: $64,446
CAPS - $54,446
FSA - $10,000
HMIS
Total: $20,000
LSS: $20,000
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9 Project Name HOME - Planning and Administration
Target Area
Goals Supported Expand Home Ownership Opportunities
Planning and Administration
Needs Addressed Expand Home Ownership Opportunities
Planning and Administration
Funding HOME: $140,478
Description Administration of the HOME program. City staff and consultants will
manage various HOME funded programs; prepare financial documents,
contracts and HUD reports.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
N/A
Location Description 201 North E Street, San Bernardino, CA 92401
Planned Activities Grant and project management
10 Project Name Expand Homeownership Opportunities – Infill Housing Project
Target Area Waterman & Baseline Neighborhood
Goals Supported Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Needs Addressed Expand Homeownership Opportunities
Funding HOME: $700,000
Description Construction of 56 units. Affordable homeownership opportunities for
low and moderate income families.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Location Description Waterman & Baseline Neighborhood
Planned Activities
11 Project Name First Time Homeownership - CHDO 15% Set-Aside
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Target Area
Goals Supported Expand Home Ownership Opportunities
Needs Addressed Expand Home Ownership Opportunities
Funding HOME: $210,718
Description New construction of single family homes on vacant City-owned lots.
Target Date 6/30/2021
Estimate the number
and type of families
that will benefit from
the proposed activities
Location Description Citywide
Planned Activities New construction of single family homes on vacant City-owned lots.
Income will range 50% to 80% of Area Median Income (AMI).
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AP-50 Geographic Distribution – 91.220(f)
Description of the geographic areas of the entitlement (including areas of low -income and
minority concentration) where assistance will be directed
The City will use its funding for PY 2020-2021 to finance a variety of housing, community development,
economic development, and capital improvement projects. The majority of the funding will be used to
finance projects targeting low- to moderate-income individuals and families throughout the City.
CDBG Benefit Service Areas are defined as geographic locations within the City of San Bernardino where
51 percent or more of the households in those areas are low- to moderate-income. The 2010 U.S.
Census identified approximately 68.9 percent of the City consisted of households with low or moderate
incomes. A map of the Low / Moderate Income Target Areas is attached to this document. (Appendix B)
The City of San Bernardino has become increasingly diverse in its racial and ethnic makeup. (Appendix C)
Over the past decades the City has seen a shift from a non-Hispanic, White majority to a Hispanic Origin
majority. According to the U.S. 2010 Census, approximately 60 percent of the population is of Hispanic
Origin, 19 percent is Non-Hispanic, White, 14.2 percent is Black, 3.8 percent is Asian and 2.9 percent is
comprised of some “Other” race or ethnicity.
See attached maps in the Action Plan document as a reference to the geographic distribution.
Geographic Distribution
Target Area Percentage of Funds
Table 8 - Geographic Distribution
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Rationale for the priorities for allocating investments geographically
The funding available under the 2020-2021 Action Plan may be used to meet a variety of community
development and housing needs. As part of the development of the 2020-2021 Action Plan, the City
established priority needs based on an in depth analysis of the several factors housing, homelessness,
poverty, special needs, lead hazards, institutional structure, etc. The City will utilize its federal funding to
pursue goals and objectives listed in the section “AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives” of this document.
The City’s primary intent is to spend its CDBG funds in predominantly low income neighborhoods where
residents have the greatest need for housing/services. The City will focus on low to moderate income
neighborhoods where there is a greatest need in the parks, such as having the playground equipment
replaced, because those are the areas of greatest need.
Discussion
The City of San Bernardino has not designated any Neighborhood Revitalization Strategy Areas (NRSA)
within in the City.
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Affordable Housing
AP-55 Affordable Housing – 91.220(g)
Introduction
In accordance with the Housing Needs Assessment of the Consolidated Plan, housing problems within
the City of San Bernardino include: 1) Units with physical defects; 2) overcrowded conditions; and 3)
housing cost burden. The City will use CDBG and HOME funds to pursue three affordable housing goals:
1) Preserve and Rehabilitation Housing, 2) Expand Home Ownership Opportunities and 3) Provide
Assistance to Renter Households.
Preserve and Rehabilitate Housing
Approximately 67 percent of both owner-occupied housing (18,125) and rental units (20,735) were built
prior to 1980. In general, housing begins to require major repairs after 30 or 40 years of age. Those
repairs could include important health and safety repairs such as for heating/air systems, roof, kitchen
appliances, bathroom or kitchen plumbing, and insulation. Many low- to moderate-income households
may be unable to afford these needed repairs. In the City of San Bernardino, substandard housing
conditions may consist of the following: structural hazards, poor construction, inadequate maintenance,
faulty wiring, plumbing, fire hazards, and inadequate sanitation. Substandard units suitable for
rehabilitation are those units where the total rehabilitation costs do not exceed 25 percent of the after-
rehabilitation value (Data Source: 2011-2015 ACS).
Expand Home Ownership Opportunities
There is a need for affordable housing in San Bernardino. The most prevalent housing problems within
the City is cost burden and overcrowded conditions. San Bernardino has a population of 214,115
persons and a total of 57,547 households. Nearly 59 percent of households in San Bernardino (33,760
total) qualify as low- to moderate-income, earning up to 80 percent of HUD Area Median Family Income
(HAMFI).
Families who pay more than 30 percent of their income for housing are considered cost burdened and
may have difficulty affording necessities such as food, clothing, transportation and medical
care. Overcrowded conditions exist when more people are living within a single dwelling than there is
space for, so that movement is restricted, privacy is compromised and levels of stress increase.
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Low-moderate income (LMI) renter households experience housing problems at a higher rate (60
percent) than LMI owner households (44 percent).
Many of San Bernardino’s extremely low-income households (42 percent) are small families (four
persons or less), which shows a need for smaller (one, two, or three bedroom) affordable housing units.
The City’s housing market has fluctuated greatly over the last ten years. During the 2000 Census, the
median home value (MHV) in the City was $94,000; it then saw a steep increase during the housing
boom of the 2000s, increasing 115 percent by 2009 to an MHV of $270,200. In 2000, the median
income in the City was $31,140, which would have allowed an average household to purchase a home
without becoming cost burdened (less than 30 percent of their income). In 2015, the median income in
the City was $37,047, a 16 percent increase, with an MHV of $159,800, which would make most
homeowners cost burdened.
Based on the 2011-2015 ACS, the median income would be sufficient for a renter to afford $1,029 in
housing costs per month, which includes rent and utilities, and not be cost burdened; 72 percent of the
City’s renter population pays $999 or less per month
Provide Assistance to Renter Households
The City has a significant inventory of publicly assisted rental housing affordable to low-income
households. Eighteen affordable rental housing developments in the City offer income/rent restricted
housing for approximately 2,205 very low income households. A total of 15 projects, with a combined
total of 1,627 affordable units, are at risk of losing their affordability status. HACSB does not anticipate
losing affordable housing units due to expiration of contracts in the next five years. These projects are
technically considered at risk of converting to market-rate housing. However, most of these projects are
non-profit owned senior housing which will receive priority for rental of subsidy contracts with
HUD. Therefore it is unlikely that the projects will convert to market-rate housing.
Nonetheless, the City will periodically reach out to owners of assisted projects to understand their
intentions for opting out of the Housing Choice Voucher Program or pursuing financial restructuring in
order to extend the terms of affordability.
The City also will continue to work with qualified Community Housing Development Organizations
(CHDO) to acquire and construct or rehabilitate multifamily housing as long-term affordable housing for
lower-income households.
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One Year Goals for the Number of Households to be Supported
Homeless 38
Non-Homeless 165
Special-Needs 0
Total 203
Table 9 - One Year Goals for Affordable Housing by Support Requirement
One Year Goals for the Number of Households Supported Through
Rental Assistance 0
The Production of New Units 155
Rehab of Existing Units 48
Acquisition of Existing Units 0
Total 203
Table 10 - One Year Goals for Affordable Housing by Support Type
Discussion
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AP-60 Public Housing – 91.220(h)
Introduction
Public housing and other assisted housing programs are crucial elements of the City’s efforts to address
affordable housing needs of low- and moderate-income families, senior citizens, disabled individuals,
and other individuals.
The City falls within the jurisdiction of the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB).
This agency administers the Housing Choice Voucher Program, which provides rental assistance to
eligible residents of San Bernardino by providing monthly rental assistance to participants who want to
rent from a private landlord, but cannot afford the full monthly rental payment. The Housing Choice
Voucher program is funded by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
In 2019, the latest year for which data is available, HACSB provided 10,798 housing choice vouchers
throughout San Bernardino County, assisting 25,331 individuals. Of those 10,798 housing choice
vouchers, 2,694 were issued to San Bernardino City residents.
The City will continue to support the efforts of HACSB in the administration of the Housing Choice
Voucher and maximize the use of those funds and other resources in San Bernardino.
Actions planned during the next year to address the needs to public housing
To assist HACSB in addressing public housing needs, the City will do the following:
Monitor At-Risk Units
The City will maintain contact with the owners of at-risk units, encourage the owner to keep the at-risk
units affordable and utilize, if feasible, local incentives to preserve any at-risk units.
Support and Assist Local Non-Profit Organizations
In order to develop or preserve the City’s affordable housing stock, the City will provide technical and/or
financial assistance to local non-profit organizations that provide affordable housing.
Actions to encourage public housing residents to become more involved in management and
participate in homeownership
The City does not own any public housing units, therefore has not undertaken efforts to encourage
public housing residents to become more involved in the management of public housing
units. However, the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) does undertake actions
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to encourage public housing residents to contribute and participate in the management and HACSB has
a homeownership program for residents of public housing.
As for homeownership opportunities, the City has initiated an Infill Housing Program that will acquire
distressed properties within San Bernardino, rehabilitate them and sell them to income qualified
homebuyers. The City will work with HACSB, to identify any households who may be eligible for the
Housing Choice Voucher Program.
If the PHA is designated as troubled, describe the manner in w hich financial assistance will be
provided or other assistance
The Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino has not been designated as troubled. Actually it
has a moving to work designation which is a designation that a limited number of PHAs across the
country have.
Discussion
There is no discussion relative to the designation of the county PHA.
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AP-65 Homeless and Other Special Needs Activities – 91.220(i)
Introduction
According to the San Bernardino County 2020 Homeless Count and Subpopulation Survey, 2,607 persons
in the City of San Bernardino were homeless during the point-in-time (P-I-T) count conducted in January
23, 2020. A total of 123 individuals were sheltered, 128 were sheltered in transitional housing and 639
were unsheltered. To address this issue, the City will allocate approximately $295,799 in ESG funds to
homeless service providers who are skilled at transitioning homeless individuals and families from
homelessness to permanent housing through a variety of activities including street outreach, homeless
prevention, rapid re-housing, emergency shelter and essential services.
Describe the jurisdictions one-year goals and actions for reducing and ending homelessness
including
Reaching out to homeless persons (especially unsheltered persons) and assessing their
individual needs
The City is an active member of the San Bernardino CoC and fully supports the goals and objectives of
the San Bernardino County 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness. To reach out to homeless persons
and assess their individual needs, the City will continue to support the CoC’s coordinated entry system,
2-1-1 San Bernardino County. The Coordinated Entry System will provide people who are at imminent
risk of becoming homeless (HUD Homeless definition (Category 2) with problem solving support to
retain current housing or to locate get housing placement.
The City is continuing its contract in FY 2020-2021 with Step Up On Second, with the goal of reaching 72
homeless persons through street outreach, providing social service referrals to 36 of those 72 persons
and facilitating the placement of 10 homeless persons into permanent housing.
Addressing the emergency shelter and transitional housing needs of homeless persons
The City will continue to fund Lutheran Social Services Southern California (LSSC) to provide an
emergency men’s shelter. LSSSC has submitted plans to the City for a preliminary review of a new men’s
shelter with a 75-bed capacity.
The Salvation Army Hospitality House will provide emergency shelter for families and single females.
The Salvation Army Hospitality House provides emergency shelter for women and families experiencing
homelessness. The funding will provide 12 beds for emergency shelter for families experiencing
homelessness and 10 beds/ emergency shelter for single women experiencing homelessness.
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Helping homeless persons (especially chronically homeless individuals and families, families
with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth) make the transition to
permanent housing and independent living, including shortening the period of time that
individuals and families experience homelessness, facilitating access for homeless individuals
and families to affordable housing units, and preventing individuals and families who were
recently homeless from becoming homeless again
The City of San Bernardino recognizes that homelessness is a regional issue that impacts every
community in the region. As the largest community in the County, the City also serves as a hub for
service providers. The City supports the efforts of the network of agencies working to end homelessness
through the Regional Continuum of Care Strategy. The Continuum of Care Strategy involves four key
components, one of which is homeless prevention. The provision of preventative services will decrease
the number of households and individuals who will become homeless and require emergency shelters
and assistance. The City is working to to prevent persons from becoming homeless by funding
emergency rental assistance for households at-risk of homelessness.
Utilizing its HOME dollars, the City funded the acquisition of the Golden Apartments a 21-unit apartment
complex that has been rehabilitated and converted into 38 one-bedroom apartments of supportive
housing for homeless persons. Residents moved into their new one-bedroom flats in December 2019!
Golden has onsite health and mental health services available through the Department of Behavioral
Health and Molina Health.
The City has partnered with Step Up on Second to provide street outreach services to homeless persons
and assist them with obtaining their vital documents, housing navigation, transportation to
appointments and placement in permanent housing. To date, in FY 2019-2020, Step Up has housed 8
individuals and provided linkage to services to 55 persons.
San Bernardino County’s 10-Year Strategy for Ending Homelessness was recalibrated in 2013 to focus on
a rapid re-housing approach that is also consistent with a Housing First Model. This approach is intended
to minimize the amount a time an individual or family remains homeless or in shelters. The Housing First
Model also focuses on homeless prevention by emphasizing the need to keep individuals and families in
their current housing if appropriate.
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Helping low-income individuals and families avoid becoming homeless, especially extremely
low-income individuals and families and those who are: being discharged from publicly
funded institutions and systems of care (such as health care facilities, mental health facilities,
foster care and other youth facilities, and corrections progr ams and institutions); or, receiving
assistance from public or private agencies that address housing, health, social services,
employment, education, or youth needs.
The City will continue to support the regional CoC’s efforts to implement the San Bernardino County 10-
Year Strategy for Ending Homelessness. This plan includes a recommendation to focus on discharge
planning in order to prevent people from becoming homeless when they are discharged from
correctional, foster care, health care, or mental health care systems. The McKinney-Vento Act requires
that State and local governments have policies and protocols in place to ensure that persons being
discharged from a publicly-funded institution or system of care are not discharged immediately into
homelessness. In order to meet HUD’s requirements, the 10-Year Strategy has established a Discharge
Planning Committee to focus on improving coordination between discharge planning agencies, local
government, and homeless service providers in order to implement a “zero tolerance” plan that will
prevent persons being discharged into homelessness.
Discussion
In 2018, the City declared a shelter crisis which allowed agencies to apply for the State’s Homeless
Emergency Aid Program (HEAP) funding. Four agencies serving homeless persons in the City of San
Bernardino received $2.1 million in HEAP funds that can be used over four years. The CoC’s coordinated
entry system provides a single point of entry for people who are homeless to be screened and assessed
for a range of CoC and City funded homeless programs, including emergency shelters, transitional
housing, permanent supportive housing, and rapid rehousing services. All contracted service providers
report outcomes based on the countywide outcome standards developed by the County Office of
Homeless Services, in order to inform future adjustments to the service system.
In FY 18-19, the City facilitated the purchase of two (2) multi-family properties by Foothill Aides
Project. In FY 19-20 those properties will be rehabilitated and leased to low-income persons with
HIV/Aids.
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AP-75 Barriers to affordable housing – 91.220(j)
Introduction:
The City recognizes that barriers to affordable housing exist and continues to employ strategies to
overcome them. Policies can create barriers to the production of affordable housing and residential
investment because such factors increase costs. The high cost of affordable housing and residential
investment can be contributed to the following:
Lack of Affordable Housing Funds: The availability of funding for affordable housing has been severely
affected by the dissolution of redevelopment agencies. Prior to 2012, redevelopment activities and
funding was the City’s primary tool for assisting with neighborhood revitalization efforts and production
of affordable housing. The loss of this funding represents a constraint for the City of San Bernardino’s
efforts to continue to support neighborhood revitalization. Now the City relies on private resources,
federal grant programs, state resources, and philanthropy to fund affordable housing projects.
Environmental Protection: State law (California Environmental Quality Act and California Endangered
Species Act) and federal law (National Environmental Policy Act and Federal Endangered Species Act)
regulations require environmental review of proposed discretionary projects (e.g., subdivision maps, use
permits, etc.). Costs and time delay resulting from the environmental review process are also added to
the cost of housing.
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Site Improvements: Many parts of San Bernardino are undeveloped and lack adequate pedestrian and
automobile infrastructure to support new residential subdivisions. All new residential development is
required to provide sidewalk with curbs and gutters and must be served by appropriate roadways
consistent with the General Plan Circulation Element and adopted road development standards. The
cost of these improvements increases the cost of development, but is necessary to facilitate pedestrian
and vehicular access and movement in the City.
Planning and Development Fees: Planning and development impact fees, such as for transportation,
water, and sewer infrastructure improvements, often add to the overall cost of development. The City’s
fees reflect the fair share of the costs of providing permitting, infrastructure, and services for new
residences.
Permit and Processing Procedures: Builders and developers frequently cite the cost of holding land
during the evaluation and review process as a significant factor in the cost of housing. The City of San
Bernardino’s development review process is designed to accommodate growth without compromising
quality. Project quality is of critical concern, as the City faces challenges in securing foreclosed single-
family homes and poorly maintained multifamily complexes.
State and Federal Davis-Bacon Prevailing Wages: The State Department of Industrial Relations (DIR)
expanded the kinds of projects that require the payment of prevailing wages. Prevailing wage adds to
the overall cost of development. A prevailing wage must also be paid to laborers when federal funds are
used to pay labor costs for any project over $2,000 or on any multi-family project over eight units. Based
on discussions with developers, various prevailing wage requirements typically inflate the development
costs by 35 percent.
Actions it planned to remove or ameliorate the negative effects of public policies that serve
as barriers to affordable housing such as land use controls, tax policies affecting land, zoning
ordinances, building codes, fees and charges, growth limitations, and policies affecting the
return on residential investment
The City undertook a major effort to eliminate constraints, with respect to land use regulations, by
developing and adopting a new Development Code that unified and simplified the City’s development
regulations and processes. That effort was followed by a reorganization of the City to unify the various
development-related departments into a single Community Development Department and a one-stop
permit counter. The City has made the following additional amendments to the Municipal Code in order
to further reduce barriers to affordable housing:
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1. General Lot Consolidation Incentive - Small, individual lots offer limited development potential,
and generally cannot support onsite property management. Development opportunities could
be increased through a small-lot consolidation program that offers a 15 percent density bonus
for projects with a residential component that are committing to a maintenance plan and having
on-site management. The City is anticipating amending the Development Code to incentivize lot
Consolidation.
2. Density Bonus Provisions - Density bonus projects can be an important source of housing for
lower and moderate income households. The City anticipates amending the Development Code
to reflect the latest amendments to State density bonus law.
3. Transitional and Supportive Housing - The City plans to amend the Development Code to
adequately define transitional and permanent supportive housing and permit these uses based
on unit type, in accordance with Senate Bill 2.
4. Streamlined Processing - The City is committed to continuing the streamlining of development
activities and regulations and will continue to analyze potential programs that seek to eliminate
land use constraints, particularly as related to the provision of new housing and rehabilitation of
existing housing. The City amended its Development Code in 2012 to make it more user-friendly
and to minimize confusion for staff and the development community. As part of the
Development Code update, the City also introduced a new streamlined type of Conditional Use
Permit: the Minor Use Permit (MUP). The MUP is reviewed by the Development/Environmental
Review Committee rather than the Planning Commission, which requires less staff time (and a
relatively shorter process for developers), lower fees, and can be used in lieu of a CUP for
certain qualified projects.
5. The City will update its General Plan.
Discussion:
To address housing affordability and the lack of monetary resources for affordable housing, the
Consolidated Plan calls for the investment of CDBG and/or HOME funds to preserve and rehabilitate
housing units and provide homeownership opportunities to low and moderate-income households.
For PY 2020-2021, the City will continue to fund its Infill Housing Program and its Owner Occupied
Residential Rehabilitation Program (OORP). The OORP will be funded with carryover funds from last
year that were not fully expended. Through the City’s Infill Housing Program, the City will acquire,
rehabilitate vacant and/or underutilized parcels of land and create housing affordable to low- and
moderate-income households. The Owner Occupied Residential Rehabilitation Program will provide
deferred loans for the rehabilitation of single family units owned by low and moderate income
households.
.
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AP-85 Other Actions – 91.220(k)
Introduction:
Priority Needs established in the FY –2020-2025 Five-Year Consolidated Plan, which form the basis for
establishing objectives and outcomes in the FY 2020-2021 One-Year Action Plan, are as follows:
High Priority
Promote economic development and employment opportunities for low and moderate income
persons.
Micro Enterprise
New Affordable Housing Construction or Rehabilitation
Expand homeownership opportunities
Provide Supportive Services
Expand homeownership opportunities – Infill Housing
First-Time Homeownership – CHDO 15% set-aside
Low Priority
Improve and expand existing community facilities and infrastructure to meet current and future
needs.
Eliminate identified impediments to fair housing through education, enforcement, and testing.
Planning and Administration – CDBG, HOME, and ESG
New affordable rental housing
Actions planned to address obstacles to meeting underserved needs
To address obstacles to meeting underserved needs, the City will allocate CDBG, uncommitted HOME
and ESG funds through the Action plan in projects that provide financing for the affordable housing
development, housing rehabilitation, job creation, public facility/infrastructure improvements and
homeless prevention. Lack of resources is the primary obstacle to meeting underserved needs.. In order
to leverage additional ongoing resources for housing and homeless services, the City is applying for the
Permanent Local Housing Allocation (PLHA) funds which are administered by the State Department of
Housing and Community Development to It anticipated that in the 2021 the City can receive up to $1.6
million in PLHA funds. The City will also support HACSB’s efforts to obtain additional rental assistance
funding, especially for seniors and lower-income households.
Actions planned to foster and maintain affordable housing
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The City will invest HOME funds to expand the supply of affordable housing and will use HOME funds to
preserve and maintain existing affordable housing through the City of San Bernardino’s Owner-Occupied
Rehabilitation Loan Program.
Actions planned to reduce lead-based paint hazards
To reduce lead-based paint hazards and in accordance, housing constructed prior to 1978 and assisted
through the City of San Bernardino’s Owner Occupied Residential Rehabilitation Program will be tested
for lead based paint hazards. If lead based-paint hazards are found, safe work practices or abatement
procedures will be included in the scope of work for the rehabilitation of the housing unit. All
procedures will be in compliance with 24 CFR Part 35.
Actions planned to reduce the number of poverty-level families
For PY 2020-2021, the City will support:
An Infill Housing Program that will acquire and rehabilitate/construct underutilized properties
within the City and when complete sell these homes to low- and moderate income households
Micro Enterprise Program that will provide small business development training and support to
income qualified clients who are wish to start their own small business.
Service providers who can provide street outreach, rapid-rehousing, homeless prevention,
emergency shelter, and other essential services to homeless and near-homeless persons and
families.
The improvement of various park facilities within income-eligible areas of the City that provide
recreational and support services to low- and moderate-income residents of the City.
The efforts of HACSB, who provides rental assistance and conventional housing to low-income
households.
The efforts of the CoC, San Bernardino County Behavioral Health Administration, Office of
Homeless Services and various Homeless Service Agencies to provider public and social services
to residents living in poverty, including health services, counseling, educational programs, food
distribution, academic and vocational training, youth services, and senior services.
The goals and objectives of San Bernardino County 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness.
The CoC’s coordinated entry system, 2-1-1 San Bernardino County that provides persons who
are at imminent risk of becoming homeless with problem solving support to retain current
housing or to locate another housing placement.
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Actions planned to develop institutional structure
During the next year, the San Bernardino Community & Economic Development Department will
continue consulting with and inviting a wide variety of agencies and organizations (i.e. CoC, HACSB,
National CORE, County of San Bernardino Community Development and Housing Agency, etc.) involved
with the delivery of housing and social services to low- and moderate-income San Bernardino
residents. This will allow to coordinate the City's activities by not duplicating efforts and to know what
other agencies are doing. Currently, the City is working with the Center for Community Investment and
Dignity Health (Accelerating investments for Healthy Communities). The City's collaboration with CCI
and Dignity Health has resulted in the investment of $1.2 million in permanently affordable rental
housing in the City. These types of collaborations build the capacity for the City to continue providing
affordable housing.
Actions planned to enhance coordination between public and private housing and social
service agencies
During the next year, the San Bernardino Community & Economic Development Department will
continue consulting with a wide variety of agencies and organizations such as HACSB, County Workforce
Development, County Department of Behavioral Health and County Office on Aging and Adult Services
involved with the delivery of housing, supportive services and economic development to low- and
moderate- income San Bernardino residents. Workforce Development, for example, provides job
placement services for person in the County and also provides up to three months of paid on the job
training and any equipment that an employee may require to carry their new job. In the realm of
economic development, the City recently established a partnership with the Mexican Consulate’s
“Emprendedoras” program. The program partners with the Small Business Administration and the City’s
Micro Enterprise program to provide Spanish language training for persons interested in launching a
small business or expanding an existing small business. Through the City’s partnership with the
“Emprendedoras” program, the City will cross promote the services available through Workforce
Development.
Discussion:
The implementation of the PY 2020-2021 Action Plan will invest federal resources to address obstacles
to meeting underserved needs, foster and maintain affordable housing, reduce lead-based paint
hazards, inspection of HOME units, reduce the number of families living in poverty, develop institutional
structure, and enhance coordination between public and private housing and social service agencies.
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Program Specific Requirements
AP-90 Program Specific Requirements – 91.220(l)(1,2,4)
Introduction:
In the implementation of programs and activities under the 2020-2021 Action Plan, the City of San
Bernardino will follow all HUD regulations concerning the use of program income, forms of investment,
overall low-and moderate-income benefit for the CDBG program and recapture requirements for the
HOME program. The years 2020, 2021 and 2022 are used to determine that an overall benefit of
80% of CDBG funds is used to benefit persons of low and moderate income.
Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG)
Reference 24 CFR 91.220(l)(1)
Projects planned with all CDBG funds expected to be available during the year are identified in the
Projects Table. The following identifies program income that is available for use that is included in
projects to be carried out.
1. The total amount of program income that will have been received before the start of the next
program year and that has not yet been reprogrammed 0
2. The amount of proceeds from section 108 loan guarantees that will be used during the year to
address the priority needs and specific objectives identified in the grantee's strategic plan. 0
3. The amount of surplus funds from urban renewal settlements 0
4. The amount of any grant funds returned to the line of credit for which the planned use has not
been included in a prior statement or plan 0
5. The amount of income from float-funded activities 0
Total Program Income: 0
Other CDBG Requirements
1. The amount of urgent need activities 0
2. The estimated percentage of CDBG funds that will be used for activities that benefit
persons of low and moderate income. Overall Benefit - A consecutive period of one,
two or three years may be used to determine that a minimum overall benefit of 70%
of CDBG funds is used to benefit persons of low and moderate income. Specify the
years covered that include this Annual Action Plan. 80.00%
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HOME Investment Partnership Program (HOME)
Reference 24 CFR 91.220(l)(2)
1. A description of other forms of investment being used beyond those identified in Section 92.205 is
as follows:
The City does not anticipate using other forms of investment beyond those identified in Section
92.205.
2. A description of the guidelines that will be used for resale or recapture of HOME funds when used
for homebuyer activities as required in 92.254, is as follows:
HOME Recapture Provision If Buyer at any time during the Period of Affordability sells or transfers
the Eligible Property, whether voluntarily or involuntarily due to foreclosure or other circumstance,
the following provisions shall apply, pursuant to 24 C.F.R. Part 92.254:
(a) If Buyer sells or transfers the Eligible Property within the first two years of the Period of
Affordability, City shall recover from the Net Proceeds, if any, the entire amount of the HOME
Subsidy, or such lesser amount as the Net Proceeds may permit to be recovered. The Net Proceeds
are the sales price paid to Buyer minus repayment of loans that are superior in priority to this
Affordable Housing Covenant and the Deed of Trust securing it, and any closing costs.
(b) If Buyer sells or transfers the Eligible Property after occupying the Eligible Property for at least
two years (24 months from the Delivery Date), City’s recovery from the Net Proceeds shall equal the
amount of the HOME Subsidy, reduced by a percentage determined by dividing the number of
Buyer’s full years of occupation of the Eligible Property by the number of years of the Period of
Affordability, and multiplying the result by 100. In calculating recapture of the HOME subsidy only
full 12-month periods of occupancy will be utilized in the calculation. For example, if Buyer sells or
transfers the Eligible Property during the third year, before the completion of the full third year of a
ten-year Period of Affordability, the percentage reduction of the amount of the HOME Subsidy to be
recovered by City shall equal 20 percent:
(2 years ÷ 10 years) × 100 = 20. Assuming sufficient Net Proceeds, City would recover 80 percent of
the HOME Subsidy. If there were not sufficient Net Proceeds, City would recover 80 percent of Net
Proceeds, whatever the amount.
(c) In no event shall City’s recovery exceed the amount of the Net Proceeds.
The City requires that its CHDO/subrecipients, who carry out HOME funded ownership
programs, utilize the noted recapture provisions, which are part of the affordability covenant
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executed by the homeowner and recorded against the property.
In its homeownership and single family rehabilitation programs the City utilizes the
homeownership limits for the San Bernardino Metropolitan/FMR Area provided by HUD.
3. A description of the guidelines for resale or recapture that ensures the affordability of units acquired
with HOME funds? See 24 CFR 92.254(a)(4) are as follows:
Measured from the Delivery Date and determined based on the amount of the HOME Subsidy, as
follows:
Amount of HOME Subsidy Period of Affordability
Less than $15,000 5 years
$15,000 to $40,000 10 years
More than $40,000 15 years
The City's affordability covenant requires that HOME units acquired with HOME funds remain
affordable for the period noted based on the amount of HOME subsidy. The City requires that its
CHDO/subrecipients who carry out HOME funded ownership programs utilize the noted recapture
provisions, which are part of the affordability covenant executed by the homeowner and recorded
against the property.
In its homeownership and single family rehabilitation programs the City utilizes the
homeownership limits for the San Bernardino Metropolitan/FMR Area provided by HUD.
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4. Plans for using HOME funds to refinance existing debt secured by multifamily housing that is
rehabilitated with HOME funds along with a description of the refinancing guidelines required that
will be used under 24 CFR 92.206(b), are as follows:
The City will not be undertaking any refinancing of existing debt secured by multifamily housing that
is rehabilitated with HOME funds. The City will not undertake the refinancing of single family units
rehabilitated with HOME funds. With regard to eligible beneficiaries, the City will adhere to the
requirements under 24 CFR 2.203 with regard to income determinations; 92.216 with respect to
incomes of applicants; 92.253 with regard to tenant protections and selection and other HOME
regulatory requirements that ensure beneficiaries are not precluded from participating in HOME
funded programs.
The City utilizes Notice of Funding Availability and Requests for Proposals to solicit applications for
funding under the HOME program. Solicitations for applications are conducted as funds are
available for various programs and/or when contracts and renewal periods with applicants
expire and new NOFAs and RPS are released.
Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG)
Reference 91.220(l)(4)
1. Include written standards for providing ESG assistance (may include as attachment)
See Attachment under Admin (AD-26).
2. If the Continuum of Care has established centralized or coordinated assessment system that
meets HUD requirements, describe that centralized or coordinated assessment system.
The Continuum of Care (CoC) is led by the County of San Bernardino, Department of Behavioral
Services. The Coordinated Entry System, referred to as 211 San Bernardino County, is operated by
the United Way of San Bernardino County and provides free and confidential information and
referral service to persons in need of help connecting with various free or low cost health and
human service providers.
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211 San Bernardino County, is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week by dialing 2-1-1 in San
Bernardino County or by dialing the toll-free number at 1-888-435-7565. Bilingual staff is available
to assist English and/or Spanish speaking callers. However, if another language is need, 211 San
Bernardino County, utilizes a translation line that can assist in disseminating information in over 150
languages. 211 San Bernardino County is also available by going to http://211sb.org
Within the City’s ESG written agreement, the Subrecipient must agree to coordinate and integrate,
to the maximum extent practicable, ESG-funded activities with other programs targeted to homeless
people in the area covered by the Continuum of Care or area over which the services are
coordinated to provide a strategic, community-wide system to prevent and end homelessness.
3. Identify the process for making sub-awards and describe how the ESG allocation available to
private nonprofit organizations (including community and faith-based organizations).
The City of San Bernardino will competitively procure for services that will meet the goals and
objectives of the City’s Consolidated Plan and San Bernardino Continuum of Care’s (CoC) 10-Year
Plan to End Homelessness. The application review process has three phases. In the first phase, all
applications are reviewed by the Community and Economic Development Department staff for
completeness and eligibility under the Federal program guidelines. Eligible programs and projects
are then reviewed according to their contribution to the goals and objectives of the City’s approved
Consolidated Plan and CoC’s 10-Year Plan to End Homelessness. Preference is given if a program has
the ability to help the City meet federal program objectives and local priorities. Organizational
capacity, experience, and past performance are also considered.
Based on this review, Community and Economic Development Department staff prepares general
funding recommendations. Lastly, a public hearing before City Council will be held to consider the
2020-2021 Draft Annual Action Plan. The City Council adopts the Annual Action Plan, which acts as
the CDBG, HOME and ESG program annual budget. Upon completion of this process, the City
forwards the adopted Annual Action Plan to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development for approval.
4. If the jurisdiction is unable to meet the homeless participation requirement in 24 CFR
576.405(a), the jurisdiction must specify its plan for reaching out to and consulting with
homeless or formerly homeless individuals in considering policies and funding decisions
regarding facilities and services funded under ESG.
The City of San Bernardino attends and participates, on a quarterly basis, the Interagency Council on
Homelessness (ICH). The ICH is a vital component of the San Bernardino County Homeless
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Partnership. The ICH serves as the policy making body of the Partnership and oversees the
implementation of the 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness in San Bernardino County. The ICH will
focus on resource development to insure the funding of homeless projects and 10-Year Strategy
recommendations. In addition, ICH serves as the HUD-designated primary decision-making group
and oversight board of the City of San Bernardino & County (hereinafter referred to as the
“geographic area”) Continuum of Care for the Homeless (CA-609) funding process, (hereinafter
referred to as the “CoC”). There are currently former homeless individuals that participate in the
policy making decisions of the CoC, regarding facilities or services that receive ESG funding from the
City.
The ICH is charged with directing, coordinating and evaluating all of the activities related to
implementation of the 10-Year Strategy to End Homelessness. The ICH members are directed to
report progress on the implementation of the 10-Year Strategy to their colleagues and constituents
following each meeting of the ICH. The ICH will promote collaborative partnerships among homeless
providers and stakeholders throughout San Bernardino County in order to carry out implementation
activities and will develop resources to insure the funding of homeless projects and 10-Year Strategy
recommendations.
As the oversight board of the CoC, the ICH duties are: 1. To ensure that the CoC is meeting all of the
responsibilities assigned to it by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD) regulations including: a. The operation and oversight of the local CoC; b. Designation and
operation of a Homeless Management Information System (HMIS); i. Designate a single HMIS for the
geographic area; ii. Designate an eligible applicant to manage the CoC’s HMIS, which will be known
as the HMIS Lead; iii. Ensure consistent participation of recipients and sub-recipients of CoC and
Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) funding in the HMIS. iv. Ensure the HMIS is administered in
compliance with all requirements prescribed by HUD. c. The development of a CoC plan that
includes outreach, engagement, assessment, annual gap analysis of the homeless needs and
services available, prevention strategies, shelter and housing supportive services, and HUD CoC
annual and biennial requirements; 2. To represent the relevant organizations and projects serving
homeless subpopulations; 3. To support homeless persons in their movement from homelessness to
economic stability and affordable permanent housing within a supportive community; 4. To be
inclusive of all the needs of all of geographic area’s homeless population, including the special
service and housing needs of homeless sub-populations; 5. To facilitate responses to issues and
concerns that affect the agencies funded by the CoC that is beyond those addressed in the annual
CoC application process; 6. To consult with recipients and sub-recipients of CoC funding to establish
performance targets appropriate for population and program type, monitor recipient and sub-
recipient performance, evaluate outcomes, and take action against poor performers; and 7. To
evaluate outcomes of projects funded under the County of San Bernardino CoC program including
the ESG.
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5. Describe performance standards for evaluating ESG.
ESG Subrecipients must demonstrate the financial management and programmatic expertise to
successfully develop, design, implement, and monitor the ESG-funded activities.
ESG Subrecipients must participate in HMIS and be able to meet all federal, State of California, and
City of San Bernardino requirements relative to the ESG program, specifically those concerning
equal opportunity and fair housing, affirmative marketing, environmental review, displacement,
relocation, acquisition, labor, lead-based paint, conflict of interest, debarment and suspension, and
flood insurance.
Under the City ESG agreement, ESG Subrecipient are required to conduct an initial evaluation to
determine the eligibility of each individual or family’s eligibility for ESG assistance and the amount
and types of assistance the individual or family needs to regain stability in permanent housing.
All subrecipient providers should meet or exceed project quality goals established by HUD and CoC
guidelines which include the following: At least 80 percent of project participants either remained in
permanent housing or exited to permanent housing; At least 20 percent or more of project
participants have employment income (or other sources such as SSI and/or SSDI, for those who are
not employable); At least 54 percent of project participants increased their income from sources
other than employment in a given operating year; At least 56 percent of project participants
obtained mainstream benefits; and 100 percent of the project participants came from the street or
other locations not meant for human habitation, emergency shelters, or safe havens. In addition,
PSH providers must: Implement a housing first approach. Fill vacant beds with only chronically
homeless persons.
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APPENDIX A
PROOF OF PUBLICATION
DRAFT FY 2020-2021 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN
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APPENDIX B
Map of Low- to Moderate-Income Areas
Within the City of San Bernardino
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APPENDIX C
CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO
ETHNIC AND RACIAL COMPOSITION MAP
Figure 2: Minority Concentration - Hispanic
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APPENDIX C
CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO
ETHNIC AND RACIAL COMPOSITION MAP
Figure 3: Minority Concentration – Black
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APPENDIX C
CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO
ETHNIC AND RACIAL COMPOSITION MAP
Figure 4: Minority Concentration - Asian
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APPENDIX D
CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO
APPLICATION FOR FEDERAL ASSISTANCE (SF 424 & SF 424D)
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APPENDIX E
CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO
FEDERAL CERTIFICATIONS
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2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4
A. What is an Impediments to Fair Housing Choice? ................................................... 4
B. What is an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice? ............................... 4
C. What is the purpose of the Report? ............................................................................ 4
D. Methodology & Organization ...................................................................................... 5
E. Legal Framework ............................................................................................................. 7
Chapter 2: Public Participation ............................................................................................ 10
A. Community Survey ........................................................................................................ 10
B. Stakeholder Interviews ................................................................................................. 10
C. Pop-Up Events and Focus Group Meetings ............................................................ 12
D. Community Meetings ................................................................................................... 12
E. Public Review and Hearings ....................................................................................... 13
Chapter 3: Community Profile .............................................................................................. 14
A. Demographic Profile .................................................................................................... 15
B. Race and Ethnicity ........................................................................................................ 18
C. Housing Profile ................................................................................................................ 24
D. Employment and Workforce ...................................................................................... 38
E. Homeless ......................................................................................................................... 40
F. Public Transit and Train Services ................................................................................. 41
Chapter 4: Lending Practices ............................................................................................... 43
A. Laws Governing Lending ............................................................................................. 43
B. Conventional Loans Versus Government-Backed Loans ..................................... 45
C. Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Data Analysis .............................................. 47
Chapter 5: Public Policies ...................................................................................................... 51
A. Housing Element Law and Compliance .................................................................. 51
B. Land Use Element .......................................................................................................... 51
C. Development Code ..................................................................................................... 53
Chapter 6: Fair Housing Profile .............................................................................................. 58
A. Fair Housing Practices in the Homeownership Market .......................................... 58
B. Fair Housing Practices in the Rental Housing Market ............................................ 60
C. Fair Housing Services and Statistics ........................................................................... 62
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Chapter 7: Fair Housing Progress .......................................................................................... 67
G. Impediment: Housing Discrimination ........................................................................ 67
H. Impediment: Public Policies and Programs Affecting Housing Development 67
I. Impediment: Lending Practices ................................................................................. 70
J. Impediment: Demographics ...................................................................................... 71
K. Impediment: Housing Market Conditions ................................................................ 72
Chapter 8: Fair Housing Action Plan .................................................................................... 73
A. Data Collection and Engagement Conclusions .................................................... 73
B. Setting Fair Housing Priorities and Goals................................................................... 73
C. Contributing Factors to Fair Housing Issues .............................................................. 73
D. Priority Goals and Actions ........................................................................................... 76
Goal 1 ..................................................................................................................................... 77
Goal 2 ..................................................................................................................................... 77
Goal 3 ..................................................................................................................................... 78
Goal 4 ..................................................................................................................................... 78
Goal 5 ..................................................................................................................................... 79
E. Regional Collaboration ................................................................................................ 80
APPENDIX A: Community Engagement Summary ........................................................... 81
A Introduction .................................................................................................................... 81
B Community Meetings ................................................................................................... 81
C Stakeholder Interview Summary ................................................................................ 84
D Pop Up Events ................................................................................................................ 87
E Housing Summit ............................................................................................................. 90
F Community Needs Survey ........................................................................................... 95
Index of Tables, Figures, Graphs, and Maps ...................................................................... 97
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Chapter 1: Introduction
The City of San Bernardino (the City) is a recipient of funds from the U.S. Department
of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). As such, the City is required to conduct
an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI).
A. What is an Impediments to Fair Housing Choice?
Fair housing is a condition in which people of similar income levels, living in the same
housing market, have a similar range of choice regardless of characteristics
protected under State and Federal laws. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development defines impediments to fair housing choice as:
Any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, ancestry,
national origin, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status, or any other
arbitrary factor which restricts housing choices or the availability of housing
choices; or
Any actions, omissions, or decisions which have the effect of restricting housing
choices or the availability of housing choices based on race, color, ancestry,
national origin, religion, sex, disability, marital status, familial status or any other
arbitrary factor.
B. What is an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice?
An Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice (AI) is an assessment of how laws,
policies, real estate practices, and local conditions affect the location, availability,
and accessibility of housing. The analysis of their impact on housing choice can
highlight areas where corrective actions might broaden the housing options of
persons protected by fair housing laws.
C. What is the purpose of the Report?
Through the AI , jurisdictions examine the affordability of housing with an emphasis on
affordability for households with annual incomes classified as low income and less.
Low income is defined as equal to or less than 80 percent of the adjusted area
median family income as most recently published by the U .S. Department of Housing
and Urban Development (HUD).
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This AI has three major goals:
Goal 1: Provide an overview of the City and current conditions as they impact fair
housing choice.
Goal 2: Review the City’s policies and practices as they impact fair housing choice
and the provision of housing, specifically affordable housing and housing for
special needs households.
Goal 3: I dentify impediments to fair housing choice and actions the City will take to
remove those impediments or to mitigate the impact they have on fair
housing choice.
Fulfilling these goals involves:
A review of the laws, regulations, and administrative policies, procedures, and
practices of the City.
An assessment of how those laws affect the location, availability, and
accessibility of housing.
An assessment of conditions, both public and private, affecting fair housing
choice.
D. Methodology & Organization
Pursuant to HUD guidance, jurisdictions are not required to collect new data and
can use existing data to analyze potential impediments to fair housing choice. For
this AI, the City employed the following data sources:
American Community Surveys (2013-2017)
Decennial Census Data (1990-2010)
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data (2018)
San Bernardino Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Reports
San Bernardino Consolidated Plan (2020-2024)
San Bernardino General Plan (2005)
San Bernardino Housing Element (2013 -2021)
San Bernardino Zoning Ordinance
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
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Organization of the Report
This report is divided into eight chapters, including this introduction, as described
below.
Chapter 1: Introduction explains the purpose of the AI, describes its methodology
and organization, and outlines its legal framework.
Chapter 2: Public Participation discusses outreach efforts undertaken for the
development of the AI . Outreach results include comments received during the
public review draft AI, community engagement and stakeholder meetings.
Chapter 3: Community Profile presents demographic information and income
characteristics in the City, including the number and percentage of persons by age,
ethnicity, familial status, and disability. The housing profile includes the number of
housing units by type, cost, overcrowding condition, and housing cost burden.
Income characteristics include the distribution of low- and moderate-income
population by census tract.
Chapter 4: Lending Practices assesses the access to financing for different groups.
Predatory and subprime lending issues are also discussed.
Chapter 5: Public Policies analyzes public policies and actions that may impede fair
housing in the city, such as those contained in the City’s Housing Element, Land Use
Element, and Zoning Ordinance.
Chapter 6: Fair Housing Profile provides information on the institutional structure of the
homeownership and rental markets in the City. It also includes local, state, and
federal data on fair housing complaints.
Chapter 7: Fair Housing Progress evaluates the progress toward recommendations
made in the previous AI’s Action Plan.
Chapter 8: Fair Housing Action Plan summarizes the findings regarding fair housing
issues in the City and provides recommendations for furthering fair housing practices.
Appendix B: Community Engagement Summary describes the community outreach
program and summarizes input from residents, agency representatives, and other
stakeholders.
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Funding Source
Preparation of this report was funded with Community Development Block Grant
(CDBG) administration funds.
E. Legal Framework
Fair housing choice grants provide individuals the opportunity to choose where they
wish to live. To ensure that all individuals and families are given equal access to
housing, the federal government and the State of California have enacted the
following laws listed below to prohibit subtle and overt forms of housing
discrimination.
HUD’s Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity has played a lead role in
enforcing the Act since its adoption in 1968. The Act prohibits discrimination in the
sale, rental, and financing of dwellings based on race, color, religion, national origin,
sex, familial status (presence of child under the age of 18, and pregnant women),
and or disability. Because housing choice is so critical to personal development, fair
housing is a goal that government, public o fficials, and private citizens must
embrace if social equality is to become a reality.
Federal Laws
Federal Fair Housing Act
The Act is the protection against discrimination in housing on the federal level. After a
lengthy legislative battle, urban riots, and the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King
Jr., the Act was enacted in 1968. It extended the general disclination protections
included in the 1964 Civil Rights Act into the housing market. The Act prohibits
discrimination in housing based on a perso n’s race, color, religion, gender, disability,
familial status, or national origin. In addition, HUD issued a Final Rule on February 3,
2012 that prohibits entitlement communities, public housing authorities, and other
recipients of federal housing resources from discriminating based on actual or
perceived sexual orientation, gender identity, or marital status. Persons who are
protected from discrimination by fair housing laws are referred to as members of the
protected classes.
The Act covers “dwellings” which are defined as structures designed or occupied as
residences or land offered for sale where a residence will be built. A “dwelling” is
broadly defined and can include a homeless shelter or a summer home. In some
circumstances, exemptions to the Act include the following: owner-occupied
buildings with no more than four units, single -family housing sold or rented without the
use of a broker, and housing operated by organizations and private clubs that limit
occupancy to members.
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Equal and unimpeded access to residential housing is a fundamental civil right that
enables members of protected classes, as defined in the Act, to pursue personal,
educational, employment, or other goals. Because housing choice is so critical to
personal development, fair housing is a goal that government, public officials, and
private citizens must embrace if social equity is to become a reality. Other federal
laws relevant to fair housing are included in Appendix A.
Reasonable Accommodations
The Fair Housing Amendments Act requires housing providers to make reasonable
accommodations if it is necessary for people with disabilities to live in and use the
housing. Accommodations may include interior or exterior modifications, such as
installation of ramps, or modification s of rules, policies, or practices, such as allowing
guide dogs in a building that has a no pet policy.
Equal Access to Housing in HUD Programs Regardless of Sexual Orientation or Gender
Identity
On February 3, 2012, HUD issued a rule to ensure fair and e qual access to housing
regardless of sexual orientation, gender identity, nonconformance with gender
stereotypes, or marital status. The rule requires that a determination of eligibility for
housing assisted by HUD be made without regard to actual or perce ived sexual
orientation, gender identity, or marital status. The rule also included a definition for
sexual orientation and gender identity and expanded the definition of family in most
of HUD's programs.
On September 21, 2016, HUD issued the Gender Identity Rule, which ensures that all
individuals have equal access to HUD’s shelter programs in accordance with their
gender identity and without being subjected to intrusive questioning or being asked
to provide documentation.
California Laws
Fair Employment and Housing Act
The California Fair Employment and Housing Act is a California statute that prohibits
employment and housing discrimination based on ancestry and national origin, race
and color, religion and creed, age, mental and physical disability, se x and gender,
sexual orientation, source of income, gender identity and expression, medical
condition and genetic information, marital status, and military and veteran status.
Unruh Civil Rights Act
The Unruh Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination by all business establishments,
including housing accommodations , based on race, color, religion, ancestry,
national origin, disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital status,
sexual orientation, citizenship, primary language, or immigration status.
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Ralph Civil Rights Act
The Ralph Civil Rights Act prohibits violence or threats of violence based on race,
color, religion, ancestry, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, political affiliation, or
position in a labor dispute.
Bane Civil Rights Act
The Bane Civil Rights Act prohibits interference or attempted interference with
someone’s state or federal statutory or constitutional rights, including equal access to
housing.
Senate Bill 329
Mostly recently, Governor Gavin Newsom signed Senate Bill 329. The bill expands the
definition of “source of income” to include income paid to a housing owner or
landlord on behalf of a tenant, including federal, state, or local public assistance or
subsidies. Therefore, SB 329 expands fair housing protect ions to recipients of Section 8
vouchers.
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Chapter 2: Public Participation
The public participation process for the AI sought input from community members
and stakeholders. Methods included on -line and paper surveys for community
members, stakeholder interviews, community meetings, and pop-up events. The AI
development engagement process took place in November, December, and
January. The process concluded with a 30-day public review period and a public
hearing.
A. Community Survey
The City prepared a Community Needs Survey
in both English and Spanish and provided
online links and paper copies for distribution.
The survey was promoted at scheduled project
community meetings, Housing Summit , and
pop-up events. The survey link was posted on
the City’s website, stakeholder newsletters,
social media posts and on flyers distributed at
community events. The survey period was from
December 9, 2019 to February 28, 2020. The
City received approximately 1,011 responses.
Of which 88 percent were residents, 55
percent were homeowners.
The survey sought community input on the
City’s most pressing needs in the areas of
housing, community facilities, infrastructure,
homelessness, community services, and
economic development.
Survey summaries of the English and Spanish
versions is included in Appendix B –Community
Engagement Summary.
B. Stakeholder Interviews
The City also conducted interviews and an on-
line stakeholder survey to gather input from stakeholders. They represent housing,
health, education, employment, faith -based, service delivery, and professional
service organizations. The interviews and survey posed questions about community
facilities, community services, infrastructure, residents with special needs,
neighborhood services, business and job services, housing services, and housing
facilities.
KEY TAKEWAY: Most Important
Community Needs:
Job readiness, creation of new
and job-generating businesses,
college readiness
Homeless services, homeless
emergency/ overnight shelters
and permanent supportive
housing, rent assistance
New affordable housing, first-
time homebuyer program,
renter-occupied rehabilitation
and accessibility improvements
Community and youth centers,
parks, and healthcare
Infrastructure improvements
(streets and sidewalk repairs),
lighting, safe routes to school
Social programs; at-risk youth,
children’s after school/summer,
and youth activities
Figure 1: Key Takeaways Community Survey
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Stakeholder interviews included representatives
from the following organizations:
California State University – San
Bernardino
Catholic Charities of San Bernardino and
Riverside Counties
Dignity Health
Hope through Housing
Salvation Army
Omni Trans
Continuum of Care – San Bernardino
County
Center for Employment Opportunities
Inland Congregations United for Change
Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board
Mental Health Systems
National Core Renaissance
Neighborhood Partnership Housing
Services, Inc.
San Bernardino County Department of
Behavioral Health
A list of stakeholder interviews and the
stakeholder survey are included in Appendix B
–Community Engagement Summary.
KEY TAKEWAY: Critical Needs
Identified by Stakeholders
Increase in housing inventory
– an increased supply will
help all, including the Latino
and African American
population
Improve perceptions of San
Bernardino (negative
perception deters private
investment)
Address discrimination,
particularly race or ethnicity
discrimination
Raise awareness about
homelessness using
humanistic stories that go
beyond the data
Support a growing population
of homeless seniors
Decrease dependency on
government and draw
foundations and corporations
into the solutions
Create pathways to
employment
Figure 2: Key Takeaways Critical Needs
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C. Pop-Up Events and Focus Group Meetings
Four Pop-Up events were attended including a local football game, San Bernardino
Fest 2019 Airshow, Housing Authority County of San Bernardino, and City of San
Bernardino Winter Wonderland. Common themes derived from the events include:
o Most critical economic development need. Job creation/job generating
businesses
o Most important areas of need. Affordable housing and services for the
homeless
o Most critical homelessness needs. Transitional housing and emergency shelters
o Most critical community services. Youth activities and children after
school/summer programs
o Most critical infrastructure needs. Repaving of streets, street lighting
o Most critical housing needs. First-time homebuyer’s assistance, construction of
new affordable units and housing for larger families
D. Community Meetings
Community meetings were attended by representatives of Neighborhood
Partnership Housing Services, Inc., Executive Director of Akoma Unity Center, National
CORE, Dignity Health, Accelerating Investment for Healthy Communities (AIHC),
Housing Authority County of San Bernardino, Hope Through Housing Foundation, and
Executive Director of Community Engagement for the San Bernardino City Unified
School District. Six community eng agement meetings were held at the following
locations:
Rezek Center – St. Bernardine Medical Center, 2101 N. Waterman Ave, San
Bernardino, Tuesday, January 21, 2020, 11 AM – 1 PM
Akoma Unity Center 1367 N California St, San Bernardino , Saturday, January 18,
2020 9:30 AM (Set-Up) – 11:30 AM
Maplewood Homes 906 Wilson St, San Bernardino , Wednesday, January 22,
2020 4PM – 5PM
Olive Meadows 610 East Olive Street, San Bernardino , Thursday, January 23,
2020 4PM – 5PM
Valencia Vista 950 N Valencia Ave, San Bernardino, Thursday , January 23, 2020
5PM – 6:30PM
San Bernardino Valley College 701 S Mt Vernon Ave, San Bernardino , Friday,
January 24, 2020 9AM – 10:30 AM
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There were eight re-occurring themes including:
1. Affordable housing
2. Target areas for redevelopment and safety
3. Community services needed
4. Homeless/homeless prevention services
5. Infrastructure needs
6. City communications
7. Jobs and employment
8. Crime safety. A summary of the input received during popup engagement
and focus groups is included in Appendix B –Community Engagement
Summary.
E. Public Review and Hearings
The AI was completed concurrently with the City’s 2020-2025 Consolidated Plan. Two
public hearings were held, March 18, 2020 and April 15, 2020. A public review draft
and comment of the AI and the Consolidated Plan was available for a 15-day
review period from February 27, 2020 through March 18, 2020. A public review draft
of the AI and the Consolidated Plan was available for a 30-day public review period
from March 12, 2020 through April 15, 2020. Public Hearings were advertised in the
San Bernardino Sun and El Chicano. The AI was also made available on the City’s
website, City of San Bernardino Public Information Center, Community and
Economic Development Department, and Feldhey m Central Library. All written
comments received relative to impediments to fair housing will be documented and
reviewed by the City. City Council is responsible for holding a public hearing to
discuss and adopt the final AI report.
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Chapter 3: Community Profile
Various characteristics affect housing choice for people and households with similar
income levels, in the same housing market. Therefore, unders tanding the social,
racial, economic, and other population characteristics and how they change over
time is crucial to evaluating current and future housing needs and housing choice
among characteristically different populations and households.
The City of San Bernardino is the most populous city in the County of San Bernardino
and one of the oldest communities in the State of California. Throughout the years,
the City has experienced economic vitality, built on agriculture, railroads, and
distribution. In the latter half of the 1900s, with changing market conditions, high rates
of population growth, and overall development patterns, and other social ,
economic, and cultural change throughout the Inland Empire, the City experienced
significant change. The changes have had a more acute impact on vulnerable
populations.
This Community Profile compiles information about population change, incomes,
household characteristics, and housing costs, which influence housing choice.
KEY TAKEWAY: Vulnerable Residents
The City’s most vulnerable residents tend to include those who are:
Disabled and elderly
Living in poverty,
Members of the Latino and/or African American communities,
Homeless.
For the City, particularly for residents who do/may experience discrimination
and live in areas of concentrated poverty, critical needs include good,
accessible jobs and housing options.
Workforce
Development
Living Wages & Job-
Generating
Businesses
A Larger, More
Diverse Housing
Stock
Figure 3: Key Takeaways Vulnerable Residents
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A. Demographic Profile
Information in this section is primarily based o n the 2013-2017 American Community
Survey (ACS). I n some cases, data from the 2006-2010 ACS estimates and the 2010
U.S. Census have been used to detect trends.
Population Growth
City population growth has slowed since 2010. Between 2000 and 2010, the City grew
by 12.8% percent. In the following decade, growth slowed to about 3 percent
between 2010 and 2017. According to the 2013-2017 ACS estimates, the City’s
population was 215,252, which is much lower than the growth forecast in the
Southern California Association of Government’s (SCAG) 2012 Regional
Transportation Plan. Based on projections prepared by SCAG, the City was projected
to reach 231,200 people by 2020. To reach that projection, the City would need to
achieve a 7 percent increase between 2017 and 2020, which is unlikely when
compared to the prior growth rate of 3 percent and the comparably low growth
rates in the County of San Bernardino and the State of California.
The population increase over time is shown in Table 1 along with a comparison to the
County of San Bernardino and the State of California.
Population Increase
2000 2010 2017
Percentage
Change 2010-
2017
San Bernardino 185,401 209,174 215,252 3%
County of San
Bernardino 1,709,434 2,005,287 2,121,220 5%
State of California 33,871,648 37,253,956 38,982,847 4%
Table 1: Population Increase
Source: 2000, 2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Population growth is significantly lower than regional 2020 projection.
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Age Characteristics
Age is an important factor when evaluating housing needs. As people age, they
pass through different stages associated with changing family types and sizes,
education and training that influence earning capacity , physical abilities, mental
faculties, and overall independence. Together, these and cultural norms correspond
to different housing needs over time. The ability to fill those needs depends on
available housing options in both the rental and ownership markets.
According to the 2013-2017 ACS
estimates, and as shown in Figure 4, San
Bernardino has a higher percentage of
young people than the County in every
category from birth to 39 years old.
Within that age range, those between
20 and 24 years of age make up the
largest segment of the total population
at 9.4 percent. The second and third largest age groups are children under 5 years
old and 5 to 9 years old at 8.5 percent and 8.8 percent, respectively.
Largest Age Groups in Order
20-24 years old (9.4%)
5-9 years old (8.8%)
Under 5 years old (8.5%)
Figure 4: Age Distribution
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0%1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%9%10%
Under 5 years
5 to 9 years
10 to 14 years
15 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 to 79 years
80 to 84 years
85 years and over
City County
Age Distribution in San Bernardino City and County
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimate
Graph 1: Age Distribution in San Bernardino City
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B. Race and Ethnicity
Race and ethnicity can have implications for housing choic e as a result of
discrimination or economic variables that may correlate with race. According to the
2013-2017 ACS estimates and as shown in Table 2, Hispanic populations of any race
and White Alone populations were the two largest race/ethnic groups in the City,
representing 64.3 percent and 57.4 percent of the total population, respectively.
Black or African American populations represent just over 14 percent of the total
population. Compared with the 2006-2010 ACS estimates, the Hispanic and White
populations have increased however, the black or African American population has
decreased.
Residential Segregation
Residential segregation refers to the degree to which groups live separately from one
another. Segregation is complex, difficult to generalize, and influenced by many
factors. Individual choices can certainly be a cause of segregation, when residents
choose to live among people of their own race/ethnic group. This does not mean
that they prefer ethnically homogeneous neighborhoods, but that they feel more
comfortable where members of their group are commonly found. However,
individual choices may also be constrained by factors outside an individual’s control.
A large factor in residential segregation is related to housing market dynamics.
Availability of affordable housing and discrimination can also affect residential
segregation.
Race and Ethnicity
2006-2010 2013-2017
# % # %
White alone 97,283 46.5% 123,583 57.4%
Black or African American alone 33,684 16.1% 30344 14.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone 1,606 0.8% 1593 0.7%
Asian alone 8,916 4.3% 9,602 4.5%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific
Islander alone 534 0.3% 433 18.5%
Some other race alone 59,271 28.3% 39,759 18.5%
Two or more races 7,880 3.8% 9,933 4.6%
Total 209,174 100% 215,252 100%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 121,583 58.1% 138,349 64.3%
Not Hispanic or Latino 87,591 41.9% 76,903 35.7%
Table 2: Race and Ethnicity
Source: 2006-2010 ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
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Language Spoken
Housing may not be refused based on a resident’s birthplace or ancestry, nor can
housing providers take advantage of a person’s inability to read, write, speak, or
understand English to deny access. Those with limited English proficiency (LEP) can
face unique challenges in meeting their housing needs, so recipients of federal
financial assistance are required to provide access to programs to LEP citizens. This
condition applies to HUD funds that are allocated to the City.
While housing needs do not vary with language spoken, language is an important
population characteristic because it may influence discriminatory practices and
should be considered when establishing goals and actions to further fair housing. Of
the City’s total population, 48.7 percent speak only English, 46.5 percent speak
Spanish, 3.4 percent speak Asian and Pacific Islander languages, and less than 2
percent speak other Indo-European languages or other non-specified languages.
Language Spoken at Home
Number %
Population 5 years and over 196,983 100.0
-English only 95,891 48.7
-Language other than English 101,092 51.3
Speak English less than "very well" 41,044 20.8
-Spanish 91,525 46.5
Speak English less than "very well" 36,438 18.5
-Other Indio-European languages 1,531 0.8
Speak English less than “very well” 520 0.3
-Asian and Pacific Island languages 6,618 3.4
Speak English less than "very well" 3,426 1.7
-Other languages 1,418 0.7
Speak English less than "very well" 663 0.3
Table 3: Languages Spoken at Home
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
The dissimilarity index is the most used measure of segregation between two groups,
reflecting their relative distributions across neighborhoods (as defined by census
tracts). The index represents the percentage of the minority group that would have
to move to new neighborhoods to achieve integr ation of that group. An index score
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can range in value from 0 percent, indicating complete integration, to 100 percent,
indicating complete segregation. An index number above 60 is considered high
similarity and segregated. An index number of 31 to 60 is c onsidered moderate
segregation and values of 30 or below are considered low levels of segregation.
Table 4 represents dissimilarity indices for the City. In 2010, segregation was highest
between Asians and Hispanics at an index of 40.4, followed by white and Hispanic
populations, with an index of 39.4. The lowest segregation was between black and
Hispanic residents with an index of 24.6. Overall San Bernardino has become more
integrated, having a healthier mix of ethnicities.
Index of Dissimilarity
1980 1990 2000 2010
White - Black 65.1 49.8 37.4 33.1
White - Hispanic 53.4 49.7 43.1 39.4
White - Asian 26.6 32.2 38.4 36.6
Black - Hispanic 41.7 31.2 25.1 24.6
Black - Asian 59.5 36.3 35.2 32.8
Hispanic - Asian 49.5 38.1 38.6 40.4
Table 4: Index of Dissimilarity
Source: Diversity and Disparities, American Communities Project
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Minority Concentration and Concentrated Areas of Poverty
HUD requires jurisdictions to identify areas of minority concentrations. Minority
population is defined as the total population less those who responded “White
alone” to the U.S. Census. Concentrations are classified through census tract block
groups whose populations of a race or ethnic group are greater than the citywide
proportion.
Block group areas where the percentage of total minority population exceeds the
group’s citywide total percentage are areas of “minority concentration.” Areas that
have a minority population at least two times the citywide total percentage are
areas of “high minority concentration.” Using this criteria and data from HUD’s data
tool for affirmative fair housing, the following census tracts had a high minority
concentration.
The Minority Concentration map (Figure 2) shows the predominant race/ethnicity per
census tract. Census tracts in the City have a concentration of minority citizens. The
Hispanic population is distributed widely across the City . A few census blocks have
predominantly white populations, which are located in the northern half of the city.
Two census blocks on the southern edge are primarily populated by Asian
households.
Census tracts with a household poverty rate of 40 percent or above and a
majority/minority population are referred to as Racially/Ethnically Concentrated
Areas of Poverty (R/ECAP). Figure 3 displays R/ECAP census tracts in green. Most
R/ECAPs are in the center of the City.
Poverty has an adverse impact on housing choice. The limitation to affordable
housing can compromise health, safety, and services that ho useholds needs to live.
American Indian and Alaska Native groups have the highest percentage of poverty
across all racial and ethnic groups with 38.6 percent.
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Minority Concentration in and Near City of San Bernardino
Map 1: Minority Concentration
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Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty
Map 2: Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty
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C. Housing Profile
The household profile, which outlines characteristics of San Bernardino’s households,
aids in understanding housing needs. Households with different characteristics face
different impediments in the housing market. Various household characteristics may
affect equal access to housing, including household type, size, and income level. A
household, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau, includes all the persons who
occupy a housing unit, which may include a single family, one person living alone,
two or more families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated
persons who share living arrangements.
Household Size
The number of San Bernardino households increased between 2015 and 2017, from
57,580 to 58,046 households. As shown in Table 5, the majority of the City’s
households are families (75 percent). Approximately 3.5 percent of households are
female-headed single-parent households living with their own children. In 2010, the
average household size in the City was 3.42 persons per house hold, and in 2017 it
was 3.52. About 23 percent of San Bernardino households included at least one or
more elderly persons.
Table 5: Housing Types
Source: 2006-2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Household Type
Total Households Number # Percent %
Family households 43,624 75.2%
With own children under 18 yrs 22,881 39.4%
Married couple with family 23,799 41.0%
With own children under 18 yrs 11,981 20.6%
Female householder, no husband present 14,218 24.5%
With own children under 18 yrs 8,242 14.2%
Nonfamily households 14,422 24.8%
Householder living alone 11,144 19.2%
Householder 65 years and over 4,205 7.2%
Households with individuals under 18 years 27,423 47.2%
Households with individuals over 65 years 13,450 23.2%
Average household size 3.52
Average family size 4.02
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
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Table 6: Housing Tenure
Source: 2006-2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Special Needs Populations
Certain groups may have difficulty finding housing in the City and may require
specialized services, assistance, and accommodations. Due to challenges that
accompany special needs, these people may be more likely to earn extremely low
to low incomes. Special needs groups include the elderly, disabled persons (mental,
physical , and/or developmental), veterans, persons with HIV/AIDS, single -parent
households (male and female), large households, and homeless persons.
Seniors
Persons age 65 years and older may have special housing needs primarily due to
income, health care costs, and physical or mental disabilities, particularly those that
tend to increase with age. As a result, seniors may face difficulty in finding housing
and may become victims of housing discrimination or fraud. According to the 2013 -
2017 ACS estimates, approx imately 18,597 seniors resided in the City, representing 8.6
percent of the total population. The senior population is growing at a faster pace
than the overall population. Between 2010 and 2017, the total number of seniors in
San Bernardino increased by more than 12 percent, while the City’s total population
between those two years increased by only 2.5 percent. Seniors are distributed
among 23 percent of households in San Bernardino wherein at least one or more
persons are 65 or older.
Persons with Disabilities
Physical, mental, and/or developmental disabilities may prevent a person from
working, restrict one’s mobility, or make self-care difficulty. Disabled persons
frequently have special housing needs, often related to a potentially limited ability to
earn enough income, a lack of accessible and affordable housing, and higher
health costs associated with a disability. In addition, persons with self -care and
mobility limitations may require special housing design features such as wheelchair
ramps, grab bars, special bathroom designs, wider doorway openings, and other
features.
Housing Tenure (Occupied Units)
Tenure 2010 2017
Units % Units %
Owner-Occupied 31,662 52.0% 27,137 46.8%
Renter-Occupied 29,294 48.0% 30,909 53.2%
Total Occupied Housing
Units 60,956 100% 58,046 100%
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According to the 2013-2017 ACS estimates, 12.8 percent of San Bernardino residents
reported a disability. This is an increase from the 2008 -2012 ACS estimates, which
estimated 12 percent of the population had one or more disabilities. About 18
percent of the black or African American population reported a disability, which
means that black or African Americans reported a disability at a higher rate.
Disability is also categorized by age. Approximately 16.5 percent of those between
the ages of 35 to 64 reported having a disability. Approximately 38.5 percent of those
between the ages of 65 to 74 reported having a disability, which is approximately 8
percent higher than the County level. For those 75 years and older, 60.9 percent of
the population reported having a disabilit y, which is approximately 5 percent higher
than the County level.
Persons with Disabilities
Subject
Estimate
Total With a
disability
Percent
with a
disability
Total civilian noninstitutionalized population 209,082 26,794 12.8%
SEX
Male 105,780 13,240 13.1%
Female 109,472 13,554 12.6%
RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN
White alone 123,583 15,013 12.4%
Black or African American alone 30,344 5,165 18.0%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone 1,598 264 17.7%
Asian alone 9,602 1,178 12.4%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 433 43 10.1%
Some other race alone 39,759 4,176 10.8%
Two or more races 9,933 955 9.9%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino 32,877 7,139 23.1%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 138,349 12,892 9.5%
AGE
Under 5 years 18,269 69 0.4%
5 to 17 years 46,196 2,390 5.2%
18 to 34 years 60,139 4,497 7.8%
35 to 64 years 72,051 11,378 16.5%
65 to 74 years 14,283 4,228 38.5%
75 years and over 7,314 4,232 60.9%
Table 7: Persons with Disabilities
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year
A major challenge facing the City is the availability of housing stock with accessible
features that meet the needs of disabled residents and their families. As discussed
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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above, the rate of disability tends to increase with age; as the City’s population
ages, the need for accessible senior housing is expected to increase. The 2013 -2017
ACS estimates showed that 14.8 percent or 2,659 residents above the age of 65 were
living below the poverty level. Living below the poverty level further limits resources
and puts an additional constraint on the already limited housing options available to
seniors with a disability.
Large Households and Families with Children
The size and composition of large households vary from family to family and home to
home. Large households often are families with three or more children or households
with extended families including in -laws or grandparents. They are considered a
special needs group because of the limited availability of adequately sized,
affordable housing units. To afford shelter in addition to food, clothing, and medical
care, very low- and low-income large households may live in overcrowded
conditions.
Families with children may face discrimination or differential treatment in the housing
market. Some landlords may charge large households a higher rent or security
deposit, limit the number of children in a complex, limit the time children can play
outdoors, or choose to not rent to families with children. According to the 2013-2017
ACS estimates, there were approximately 58,046 total households in the City, of
which 43,624 were families. Within the count of families, there were 17,188 families
with their own children un der 18 years old (or 29.6 percent of the total household
population). Table 8 shows the number of large households residing the City in the
years 2000 (6,555), 2010 (8,022), and 2017 (14,267). In 2010, there were 8,022 large
households and in 2017, there were 14,267 large households representing an increase
of 77.8%.
Large Households
2000 2010 2017
# % # % # %
5 persons 3,206 10.9% 5 persons 3,577 11.9% 5 persons 6,795 11.7%
6 persons 1,815 6.1% 6 persons 2,059 6.9% 6 persons 4,144 7.1%
7+ person 1,534 6.2% 7+ person 2,386 8.0% 7+ person 3,328 5.7%
Table 8: Large Households
Source: 2000, 2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Single-Parent Households
Single-parent families, particularly female-headed families, often require special
consideration and assistance due to more limited resources in having a one person -
heading up the household versus two. There is a greater need for affordable housing
and accessible daycare, healthcare, and other supportive services. Because of
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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more limited resources, and relatively lower income and higher burden of living
expenses, female-headed families have more limited opportunities to find
affordable, healthy, and safe housing. Female-headed families may also be
discriminated against in the rental housing market because some landlords are
concerned about the ability of these households to make regular rent payments.
Consequently, landlords may require more stringent credit checks for women, which
would be a violation of fair housing law.
Single Parent Households
City County
Total Households 58,042 623,642
# of Single Parent Households 10,900 77,378
% of Single Parent Households 18.8% 12.4%
Table 9: Single-Parent Households
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimate
Data from the 2013-2017 ACS estimates is limited on the breakdown of single male - or
female-headed household families with children. Male householders with no wife
present totaled 23,799 households and female householders with no husband
present totaled 14,218 households.
According to the 2010 Census, there were a total of 59,283 households in the City
and 24,979 households with children. Households with a male householder (no wife
present) with their own children were 2,819 (or 4.8 percent of the household
population) and households with a female householder (no husband present) with
their own children were 7,930 (or 13.3 percent of the household population).
Married couple families with children under 18 years old had a poverty rate of 22.1
percent, whereas the rate was 54.1 percent for female householder -headed families
with children under 18 years old with no husband present (2013-2017 ACS estimates).
Therefore, households with a female householder (no husband present) with children
under 18 years old have higher rates of poverty.
Furthermore, per 2013-2017 ACS estimates, families with two people had a poverty
rate (as defined by HUD standards of family in come -- $16,240 or less for family of
two1) of 7.5 percent and families with five people had a poverty rate of 22.4 percent
($28,780 or less). Larger families faced a significantly higher rate of poverty. The 2013 -
2017 ACS estimates identified 36.2 percent of families in San Bernardino as families
1 The bottom quintile households receive on average $45,000 in government transfers, (such as food stamps, Medicare,
Medicaid etc.) which the Census Bureau does not count as income, thus understating household’s resources and
overstating poverty status. (Source: Phil Gramm and Joh F. Early The Truth About Income Inequality WSJ 11/4/19).
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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with children living below the poverty level. According to the 2018 Census estimate,
the overall poverty rate for the City was 11.8 percent. Family households with
children are therefore more likely to be living below the poverty level.
Persons with HIV/AIDS
For persons living with HIV/AIDs, access to safe, affordable housing, along with quality
healthcare, are the primary contributing factors to their overall well -being. The
National Commission on AIDS states that up to half of all Americans with AIDS are
either homeless or at imminent risk of becoming homeless because of their illness,
lack of income or other resources, and having a weak support network. Biases such
as stigmatism associated with their illness and perceived sexual orientation can add
to the difficulty of obtaining and maintaining housing. Persons with HIV/AIDS may also
require a broad range of services, including counseling, medical care, in -home care,
transportation assistance, and food provision. Today, compared to decades ago,
persons with HIV/AIDS live longer and require longer provision of services and
housing.
The most current information available from the California Department of Public
Health, Office of AIDS indicates that the number of new diagnoses increased by 0.8
percent between 2013 and 2017. However, the rate of new diagnoses per 100,000
people declined by 2.4 during the same time period. The number of newly
diagnosed people in the County was 189 people in 2013 and 248 in 2017.
According to the same source, between 2013 and 2017, diagnoses and rate
(number per 100,000 people) increased from 3,261 at a rate of 2.6 to 4,401 at a rate
of 3.3, which is an increase of 0.7 percent. In 2014, 3,380 people were diagnosed and
living with HIV in San Bernardino County at a rate of 2.7. In 2015, that number was
3,575 at a rate of 2.8. In 2017, the number of people living and diagnosed w ith HIV in
the County was 4,401 at a rate of 3.3. Overall, in 2017, there were 4,401 people living
and diagnosed with HIV of which 3,120 were in care and 2,278 were virally
suppressed.
To address fair housing issues of a community, the existing housing ma rket must be
analyzed to distinguish local and current conditions. The following sections provide
an overview of the characteristics of the local and regional housing market.
Housing Conditions
Age is an indication of the quality of the housing stock. Hou sing over 30 years old is
likely to require rehabilitation such as plumbing, roof, or foundation repairs. In
addition, older homes tend to be less energy efficient, which increases utility costs.
Graph 2 displays the age of San Bernardino’s housing stock according to the 2013-
2017 ACS estimates. Of all housing units in San Bernardino, 14.7 percent are less than
30 years old. In contrast, 52 percent are more than 50 years old.
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
1939 or
earlier
1940 to
1949
1950 to
1959
1960 to
1969
1970 to
1979
1980 to
1989
1990 to
1999
2000 to
2009
2010 to
2013
2014 or
laterNumber of Units Year Built Graph 2: Housing Stock by Year Built
Housing Stock by Year Built
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Vacancy Rate
Residential mobility is influenced by tenure. Ownership housing is associated with a
much lower turnover rate than rental housing. Tenure preferences are primarily
related to household income, composition, and age of the householder.
Table 10 demonstrates the City’s vacancy rates in 2010 and 2017 based on ACS
data. A healthy vacancy rate is associated with choice and mobility. Generally, a
healthy vacancy rate for owner-occupied housing is 2-3 percent vacancy. For rental
units, a healthy rate is 5-6 percent.
In 2010, the vacancy rate for owner-occupied housing was 0.7 percent above
range, or 3.7%, and in 2017 it was lower by 0.7 percent, or 1.3%. In 2010, the renter-
occupied rate was above the healthy range by 0.9 percent , at 6.9%. By 2017, the
rental vacancy rate returned to the healthy range at 6.0 percent.
Vacant Units and Vacancy Rates
Tenure 2010 2017
Homeowner Vacancy Rate 3.7% 1.3%
Renter Vacancy Rate 6.9% 6.0%
Table 10: Vacant Units and Vacancy Rates
Source: 2006-2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
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Housing Costs and Affordability
The cost of housing relative to income is one of the most important factors in
evaluating a community’s housing market. If housing costs are relatively high in
comparison to household income, housing cost burden and overcrowding tends to
occur. However, housing affordability alone is not necessarily a fair housing issue.
Such concern arises when housing affordability is coupled with factors protected
under fair housing laws, such as household type, composition, and race/ethnicity.
Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined
1 Person 2 Persons 3 Persons 4 Persons
Extremely Low (0%-30%)
Annual Income $15,100 $17,250 $21,330 $25,750
Monthly Income $1,258 $1,438 $1,778 $2,146
Affordable Purchase Price* $62,000 $70,000 $87,000 $105,000
Affordable Monthly Rent $377 $431 $533 $644
Very Low (30%-50%)
Annual Income $25,150 $28,750 $32,350 $35,900
Monthly Income $2,096 $2,396 $2,696 $2,992
Affordable Purchase Price* $102,000 $125,000 $132,000 $146,000
Affordable Monthly Rent** $629 $719 $809 $898
Table 11: Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined
Source: 2006-2010, 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Table 12: Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined
Source: 2019 HUD Income Limits for San Bernardino County
*Note: Affordable Purchase Price assumes a minimum down payment (3.5%), a mortgage payment
that will not result in a cost burden, and good credit. Pricing from
https://smartasset.com/mortgage/how-much-house-can-i-afford#PCGmA6nHyA
**Note: Affordable Monthly Rent assumes a monthly payment that will not result in a cost burden (less
than 30% of monthly income)
Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined (continued)
1 Person 2 Persons 3 Persons 4 Persons
Low (50%-80%)
Annual Income $40,250 $46,000 $51,750 $57,450
Monthly Income $3,354 $3,833 $4,313 $4,788
Affordable Purchase Price* $164,000 $187,000 $211,000 $234,000
Affordable Monthly Rent $1,006 $1,150 $1,294 $1,436
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Housing & Ownership Costs
Table 13 shows median home purchase prices in the City compared to statewide.
While the purchase price of homes is significantly higher statewide than it is in the
City, this is not an indication of affordability. Instead, the difference is an indication of
what may motivate homebuye rs to move into the area and increase the overall
demand for housing. This migration of homebuyers into the City from other parts of
the state is a concern expressed during stakeholder interviews. Like the rest of the
state, San Bernardino has followed the same trend of steadily increasing housing
prices.
Table 13: Median Home Purchase Price
Source: California Association of Realtors
Median Home Purchase Price for State of California and
City of San Bernardino, 2015 through 2019
2016 2017 2018 2019
State City State City State City State City
Jan $467,160 $234,460 $491,840 $245,440 $527,780 $277,000 $537,120 $290,000
Feb $444,780 $226,870 $480,270 $265,000 $522,440 $278,000 $534,140 $298,250
Mar $484,120 $237,350 $518,600 $260,000 $564,830 $280,000 $565,880 $309,950
Apr $509,240 $236,850 $537,950 $255,500 $584,460 $289,900 $602,920 $305,000
May $519,930 $245,080 $550,239 $272,500 $600,860 $285,000 $611,190 $315,000
Jun $518,980 $245,220 $555,410 $270,000 $602,770 $293,250 $610,720 $310,000
Jul $511,420 $248,000 $549,460 $266,250 $591,230 $292,000 $607,990 $312,000
Aug $527,490 $240,500 $565,330 $269,950 $596,410 $290,000 $617,410 $315,000
Sep $516,450 $251,750 $555,410 $279,000 $578,850 $300,000 $605,680 $315,000
Oct $513,520 $245,000 $546,430 $274,450 $572,000 $289,000 - -
Nov $502,490 $250,000 $546,820 $280,000 $554,760 $299,450 - -
Dec $510,560 $255,000 $546,550 $278,000 $557,600 $295,000 - -
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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Rental Housing Cost
Overall, the median rental cost in San Bernardino increased between 2015 and 2018 .
During these years, the median rent increased from $976 to $1,068 for a percent
increase of 9.4%, which is lower than State (+13.9%) and National (10.2%) rates. As
shown in Table 14, both the lowest cost categories (up to $999) and the highest cost
categories ($2,000-2,999) decreased as a percentage of the rental market.
Rental Housing Cost, 2015 through 2018
2015 2016 2017 2018
Less than $500 7.60% 8.50% 8.20% 7.60%
$500 to $999 45.70% 45.20% 38.40% 35.70%
$1,000 to $1,499 35.00% 31.70% 35.60% 38.30%
$1,500 to $1,999 8.40% 12.20% 15.00% 16.30%
$2,000 to $2,499 3.00% 2.40% 2.00% 1.80%
$2,500 to $2,999 0.30% 0.00% 0.80% 0.40%
Median 976 971 1,038 1,068
No Rent Paid 924 788 1,001 509
Occupied units paying rent 30,703 31,350 29,844 30,969
Table 14: Rental Housing Cost
Source: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 ACS 1-Year Estimates
Another way to look at cost is to incorporate utilities. HUD annually publishes fair
market rents (FMR), which represent an affordable cost and include an estimated
utility cost for different size units in the County. As shown in Table 15, FMR increased
for all unit sizes between 2018 and 2019.
San Bernardino County Fair Market Rents by Unit Bedrooms, 2018 and 2019
Year Efficiency One-
Bedroom
Two-
Bedroom
Three-
Bedroom
Four-
Bedroom
FY 2018 FMR $768 $926 $1,156 $1,618 $2,004
Table 15: County Fair Market Rents
Source: HUD FY 2018 and 2019 Fair Market Rent Documentation System, Riverside-San Bernardino-
Ontario, CA
Housing Cost Burden
According to the federal government, households that spend more than 30 percent
of income on housing is considered cost burdened. A cost burden of 30 to 50
percent is considered moderate; payment in excess of 50 percent of income is
considered a severe cost burden. Cost burden is an important housing issue because
paying too much for housing leaves less money available for basics such as food
and living expenses as well as for emergency expenditures.
Upper-income households generally can pay a larger proportion of income for
housing. Therefore, estimates of housing cost burden generally focus on low - and
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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moderate-income households. Primarily, the City households in low -income brackets
are renters, as shown in Table 16.
Table 16: Income Distribution Overview
Source: 2012-2016 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy
Most low-income households in the City experience cost burden. Table 17 shows two
overlapping categories of cost burden. The categories represent those who spend
more than 30 percent of their income on housing costs and a subset of that group
that spends more than 50 percent of their income on housing costs. The latter group
is severely cost burdened. The rate of severe cost burden is highest among the
extremely low-income group.
Housing Cost Burden Overview (Owners and Renters)
Household Income Cost Burden > 30% Cost Burden > 50%
# % # %
Extremely Low Income (0% - 30%) 10,785 78.92% 9,415 68.90%
Very Low Income (30%-50%) 7,415 77.85% 3,755 39.42%
Low Income (50%-80%) 5,925 52.64% 1,070 9.51%
Table 17: Housing Cost Burden Overview
Source: 2012-2016 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy
Income and Workforce
Household income does not directly affect fair housing options. However,
perceptions about income as it relates to household type and size, race/ethnicity,
and other characteristics can result in biases that trigger fair housing concer ns. The
workforce profile included here is important to help set goals and priorities for
workforce development to increase access to jobs and economic mobility.
Median Income Limits
In 2017, the median household income (MHI) for the City of San Bernardino was
$41,027, County of San Bernardino was $57,156, and the State of California was
$67,169. MHI was 39.1 percent less than the County and 63.72 percent less than
California. Table 18 shows the breakdown of MHI by race and ethnicity. When
compared to other racial and ethnic groups, Asian and white households have the
highest MHI in the City. Black households have the lowest MHI of any groups in the
City.
Income Distribution Overview
Owner Rental Total # % # %
Extremely Low Income (0%-30%) 2,805 20.53% 10,860 79.47% 13,665
Very Low Income (30%-50%) 3,260 34.23% 6,265 65.77% 9,525
Low Income (50%-80%) 5,210 46.29% 6,045 53.71% 11,255
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Median Household Income by Race
2006-2010 2013-2017
Median Income Median Income
White $44,304 $44,701
Black $32,590 $29,311
Indian $47,500 $36,071
Asian $37,045 $45,154
Native Hawaiian $73,098
Some other race $37,492 $40,081
2 or more races $46,367 $33,910
Hispanic $37,737 $41,325
Median in San Bernardino $39,895 $41,027
Table 18: Median Household Income by Race
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2006-2010 ACS 5-Year Estimates
As established by HUD, low-moderate income (LMI) households refer to those whose
incomes do not exceed 80 percent of the area median income (AMI). A low -income
area is defined as a census tract or block group made up of at least 51 percent of
households in the low- and moderate- income ranges. LMI is set by HUD and
adjusted for the total number of persons in the household. There are three income
levels for LMI households:
Extremely low income: Households earning 30% or less than the AMI
Very low income: Households earning between 30% to 50% of the AMI
Low income: Households earning between 50% to 80% of the AMI
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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HUD Median Income Limits for City of San Bernardino, 2019
Median
Family
Income
FY Income
Limit
Category
Number of Persons in Household
1
Person
2
Person
3
Person
4
Person
5
Person
6
Person
7
Person
$69,700
Extremely
Low (0-
30%)
$15,100 $17,250 $21,330 $25,750 $30,170 $34,590 $39,010
Very Low
(30%-50%) $25,150 $28,750 $32,350 $35,900 $38,800 $41,650 $44,550
Low
(50%-80%) $40,250 $46,000 $51,750 $57,450 $62,050 $66,650 $71,250
Table 19: HUD Median Income Limits
Source: HUD 2019 Income Limits Summary, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA
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Areas of Low- and Moderate-Income Concentration
Map 3: Areas of Low- and Moderate-Income
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D. Employment and Workforce
Employment status appears in Table 20 The total number of people employed was
78,721 or about 49.9 percent of the total population. The number of unemployed
was 11,584 or 7.3 percent. The number of people not in the labor force was 67,504 or
24.7 percent of the population. In comparison, the unemployment rate for the
County was 5.9 percent for the same time period. In 2020 the City will open an
employment center focused on homeless employment needs.
Table 20: Employment Status
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
Table 21 summarizes the City’s workforce by industry. Three industries comprise nearly
45 percent of the workforce. They are a) educational services, health care and
social assistance, b) retail trade, and c) transportation, warehousing and utilities.
Public administration has the highest median earning of $39,638. The lowest earning
industry includes those who work in the arts, entertainment, recreation,
accommodations and food services.
Workforce by Industry
# of Total
Industry % Share Median
Earnings
Educational services, and health care and
social assistance 16,489 20.90% $28,826
Retail trade 9,987 12.70% $17,284
Transportation and warehousing, and
utilities 8,299 10.50% $28,288
Professional, scientific, and management,
and administrative and waste
management services
7,493 9.50% $21,771
Arts, entertainment, and recreation, and
accommodation and food services 7,384 9.40% $14,657
Employment Status
# %
Employed 78,721 49.9%
Unemployed 11,584 7.3%
Not in labor force 67,504 42.7%
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Manufacturing 7,217 9.20% $28,514
Construction 5,921 7.50% $29,232
Other services, except public administration 4,800 6.10% $20,300
Public administration 3,760 4.80% $39,638
Finance and insurance, and real estate
and rental and leasing 3,312 4.20% $31,350
Wholesale trade 2,762 3.50% $27,965
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting,
and mining 708 0.90% $23,050
Information 589 0.70% $31,027
Table 21: Workforce by Industry
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimates
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E. Homeless
Homelessness is attributable to challenges resulting from the loss of employment,
difficulty finding jobs, the need to develop or redevelop marketable skills, the cost of
housing, chronic health problems, physical disabilities, mental health disabilities, drug
and alcohol addiction, and/or a host of other factors. Individuals or families that are
homeless have a variety of special needs, including emergency shelter, counseling,
job training, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing.
The San Bernardino County Point in Time Count and Subpopulation Survey for 2019
documented 890 homeless individuals in the City of San Bernardino. Based on the
County’s 2018 survey, the homeless population in the City increased by 37.8 p ercent.
Table 22 summarizes the information available for 2019.
2019 Homeless Count
Sheltered Unsheltered Living in Transitional
Housing Total
123 639 128 890
Table 22: Homeless Count
Source: 2019 San Bernardino County Point in Time Count and Subpopulation Survey
The San Bernardino County Homeless Survey provides more detail about the
County’s homeless population . Although the information does not break out
information for the City, those who live in the City are included in the County’s total
numbers. When unsheltered homeless persons were asked how long they have been
homeless, 59 percent responded “1 to 5 years.” Most homeless persons were male
(71 percent). Veterans were 8 percent of those surveyed. Approximately 20 percent
surveyed self-reported life-threatening chronic health conditions, such as heart, lung,
liver, kidney, or cancerous disease.
HUD reports on homeless household types in the County of San Bernardino in its 2018
Continuum of Care Homeless Assistance Program’s Homeless Populations and
Subpopulations data. Nearly 10 percent of homeless households in the County
include chil dren. Among those households with children, most take shelter in
emergency facilities or transitional housing. Table 23 summarizes this data.
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Homeless Populations by Type Reported in the County and City of San Bernardino
Emergency
Shelter
Transitional
Housing Unsheltered Total
Households without children 109 127 1,336 1,572
Households with at least one
adult and one child 65 59 29 153
Households with only children 3 0 4 7
Total Homeless Households 177 186 1,369 1,732
Table 23: Homeless Populations
Source: HUD 2018 Continuum of Care Homeless Assistance Program Homeless Populations and
Subpopulations
F. Public Transit and Train Services
The City and surrounding County are served by the San Bernardino County
Transportation Authority (SBCTA). SBCTA distributes many of the funds for public
transit service in the area and is responsible for oversight of all transit service
throughout the County. The County is currently served by seven operators for public
transit, and SBCTA funds all these operators except for the Foothill Transit Authority.
The SBCTA funds various bus operators in the area, as well as rail and rideshare
services.
The SBCTA funds five bus operators, with the largest being Omnitrans, which provides
about 13 million passenger trips per year on local and express routes, SBX rapid transit
services, and paratransit services. Omnitrans serves 15 cities and seven
unincorporated areas of the County. In addition, SBCTA also funds Morongo Basin
Transit Authority, Mountain Transit, Victor Valley Transit Authority, and Needles Area
Transit to help bolster bus services for the region.
The City and surrounding County has rail service s which are partly funded by SBCTA
and provided by Metrolink, which provides rail service to transportation commissions
in the counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, Ventura, and San Bernardino.
Metrolink is governed by the Southern California Region al Rail Authority (SCRRA).
These rail services operate on seven routes on a 536-mile network which also touches
parts of San Diego County.
In addition to the City’s services through Metrolink, the Redlands Regional Rail Project
is currently in the construction phase and will bring more options to the City. It is a
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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new, 9-mile advances regional rail project that will connect residents, business, and
visitors to many destinations in the area, and will also work to integrate itself into
surrounding systems of other modes including auto, bus, and bicycle.
Along with the funded bus services and rail services, the SBCTA also funds a newly
devised rideshare/vanpool program for the City. This program is in partnership with
the Riverside County Transportation Commission (RCTC), and offers residents
incentives, rewards, and free rideshare program support to employers in order to
encourage reduced single occupancy vehicle trips and help reduce traffic for the
area.
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Chapter 4: Lending Practices
Lending practices are a contributing factor to fair housing choice. An important
element of fair housing choice is equity in money lending from financial service
organizations. Such organizations include credit unions, banks, credit card
companies, and insurance companies. Lending is often required for the access to
credit financing for mortgages, home equity, and home repair loans. Access to
information regarding financial services is also a concern involving equality.
Gaps in financial services can make residents vulnerable to these types of predatory
lending practices, and lack of access to quality banking and financial services may
jeopardize an individual’s credit and the overall sustainability of homeownership and
wealth accumulation.
This chapter reviews lending practices of financial institutions and financing allowed
to all households but with an emphasis on lending to minority and low -income
households. However, a jurisdiction’s control over lending is limited due to federal
laws and regulations.
A. Laws Governing Lending
Historically, lending practices of financial institutions prevented minority groups from
equal access to credit. Such practices included credit market distortions and
redlining. These barriers contributed to segregated neighborhoods that persist in
cities today. This section reviews the lending practices of financial institutions and the
access to financing for all households and neighborhoods.
Fair Housing Act
The passage of the FHA in 1968 sought to end discrimination against protected
classes in all aspects of residential real estate -related transactions, including
mortgage lending. Under the FHA, a lender may not discriminate against a
protected class in any aspect of mortgage lending, such as failure to provide
in formation or services, selectively encourag ing or discouraging applicants, varying
the terms of credit offered, as well as refusing to extend credit. Further, the FHA
requires lenders to make reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities
when such accommodations are necessary to offer equal opportunities to apply for
credit.
Equal Credit Opportunity Act
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act passed in 1974 makes it unlawful for any creditor to
discriminate against any applicant, with respect to any aspect of a credit
transaction, on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status,
age, or the applicant’s receipt of income derived from any public assistan ce
program. The law applies to any person who, in the ordinary course of business,
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regularly participates in a credit decision, including banks, retailers, bankcard
companies, finance companies, and credit unions.
Community Reinvestment Act
The passage of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in 1977 was designed to
improve access to credit for all members of the community, including very low - and
low-income persons and neighborhoods. In particular, the CRA counteracted
redlining, or the historical practice by which banks and other financial institutions
would not provide loans to lower-income neighborhoods. Under the CRA, federal
regulators assess banks’ and other financial institutions’ performances in addressing
the needs of all community members and neig hborhoods. Banks and financial
institutions are given a score of Outstanding, Satisfactory, Needs Improvement, or
Substantially Noncompliant, which are published publicly.
Subsequently, Congress enacted the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (discussed in
further detail below) in 1975 to require financial institutions to make annual public
disclosures of their home mortgage lending activity, including the disposition of loan
applicants by income, gender, and race.
Banking Regulators for the CRA
Three federal banking agencies, or regulators, are responsible for the CRA.
Banks that have CRA obligations are supervised by one of these three
regulators. Each regulator has a dedicated CRA site that provides information
about the banks they oversee and those banks' C RA ratings and Performance
Evaluations. Regulators are as follows:
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Federal Reserve Board (FRB)
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)
Federal Reserve’s Role
The Federal Reserve supervises state member banks or state-chartered banks
that have applied for and been accepted to be part of the Federal Reserve
System--for CRA compliance. To carry out its role, the Federal Reserve must:
Examine state member banks to evaluate and rate their performance
under the CRA;
Consider banks' CRA performance in context with other supervisory
information when analyzing applications for mergers, acquisitions, and
branch openings; and
Share information about community development techniques with
bankers and the public.
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Financial Stability Act
The Financial Stability Act of 2009 established the Making Home Affordable Program,
which assists eligible homeowners who can no longer afford their home with
mortgage loan modifications and other options, including short sale o r deed-in-lieu
of foreclosure. The program is targeted toward homeowners facing foreclosure and
homeowners who are unemployed or “underwater” (i.e., homeowners who owe
more on their mortgage than their home is worth).
Helping Families Save Their Homes Act
The Helping Families Save Their Homes Act was passed by Congress in May 2009 and
expands the Making Home Affordable Program. This act includes provisions to make
mortgage-assistance and foreclosure-prevention services more accessible to
homeowners and increases protections for renters living in foreclosed homes. It also
establishes the right of a homeowner to know who owns their mortgage and
provides more than two billion dollars in funds to address homelessness. Under this bill,
tenants also have the right to stay in their homes after foreclosure for 90 days or
through the term of their lease.
B. Conventional Loans Versus Government-Backed Loans
Conventional financing is market-rate-priced loans provided by private lending
institutions such as banks, mortgage companies, and savings and loans. To assist
households that may have difficulty in obtaining home mortgage financing in the
private market due to income and equity issues, several government agenc ies offer
loan products that have below-market interest rates and are insured (or
underwritten) by the agencies.
Sources of government-backed financing include loans insured or underwritten by
the Federal Housing Administration (FHA-insured), the Department of Veterans Affairs
(VA-guaranteed), and the Farm Service Agency or Rural Housing Services (FHS/RHS).
Often, these types of loans are offered to the consumer through private lending
institutions and make the difference in qualifying or not qualifying f or a mortgage.
Table 24 summarizes the disposition of home loan applications submitted to financial
institutions in 2008, 2013, and 2018 for purchase in the City. Despite a dip in
applications in 2013, the total number of applicants rose from 5,068 in 2008 to 6,335 in
2018. The increase in applicants is mainly attributable to a jump in the number of
people applying for government-backed loans.
Government-backed loans generally have more lenient credit score requirements,
lower down payment requirements, and are available to those with recent
bankruptcies. However, these loans may also carry higher interest rates and require
most homebuyers to purchase mortgage insurance. Furthermore, government -
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backed loans have strict limits on the amount the homebuyer can borrow for the
purchase of the home.
Federal Housing Administration
Loans from the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loans have helped people
become homeowners since 1934. The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) - which is
part of HUD - insures the loan so that lenders can offer borrowers a better deal.
Advantages of FHA include:
Low down payments
Low closing costs
Easy credit qualifying
Veterans Administration (VA) Home Loans
VA loans help current and former service members, veterans, and eligible surviving
spouses become homeowners. As part of their mission they provide a home loan
guaranty benefit and other housing -related programs to help buy, build, repair,
retain, or adapt a home for personal occupancy. VA Home Loans are provided by
private lenders, such as banks and mortgage companies. VA guarantees a portion
of the loan, enabling the lender to provide more favorable terms.
Rural Housing Services/Farm Service Agency (RHA/FSA)
FSA/RHS-guaranteed USDA’s Rural Housing Service offers a variety of programs to
build or improve housing and essential community facilities in rural areas. They
provide loans, grants and loan guarantees for single- and multi-family housing,
childcare centers, fire and police stations, hospitals, libraries, nursing homes, schools,
first responder vehicles and equipment, housing for farm laborers. The RHS/FSA also
provides technical assistance, loans and grants in partnership with non -profit
organizations, Indian tribes, state and federal government agencies, and local
communities.
Conventional Loan
A conventional loan is a mortgage that is not sponsored by government but is
available through a private lender. Conventional loans comprise most mortgages
issued. Some conventional loans must meet the requirements of F annie Mae and
Freddie Mac, the two largest buyers of mortgage loans in the United States. Studies
of conventional loans in HMDA data have shown that commercial banks and thrift
institutions lend less to areas (or tracts) that are low -income and predominantly
minority concentrated.
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Over 75% of the
community is Hispanic, as
are most of the home
purchase loans and a
large majority of loans in
the City are conventional
bank loans.
Studies have also shown that a substantial portion of home purchase loans extended
in predominantly minority middle -income areas are
government-backed, while a similar pattern does not
hold for white neighborhoods with similar incomes.
Such practices have the potential to constitute
discrimination and are known as redlining. The practice
of redlining is a barrier to fair housing. However, in the
case of the City, over 75% of the community is Hispanic,
as are most of the home purchase loans and a large
majority of loans in the City are conventional bank
loans.
Disposition of Home Loans (2008, 2013, and 2018)
Loan Type Total Applicants Percentage of Total
2008 2013 2018 2008 2013 2018
Government-
Backed Loans (FHA,
VA, FSA/RHS)
1,909 1,995 3,174 37.6% 57% 49.9%
Conventional 3,159 1,504 3,161 62.4% 43% 50.1%
Total 5,068 3,499 6,335 100% 100% 100%
Table 24: Disposition of Home Loans
Source: www.lendingpattern.com, 2008, 2013, and 2018
C. Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Data Analysis
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) was enacted by Congress in 1975 and is
implemented by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau under Regulation C (12
CFR Section 1003). This regulation provides the public loan data that can be used to
assist:
In determining whether financial institutions are serving the housing needs of
their communities;
Public officials in distributing public-sector investments to attract private
investment to areas where it is needed;
In identifying possible discrim ination lending patterns.
Under the HMDA, lenders are required to disclose information on the disposition of
home loan applications and on race, national origin, gender, and annual income of
loan applicants.
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As described above, the FHA prohibits discrimination in mortgage lending based on
race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status , or disability. It is, therefore,
important to look not just at overall approval and denial rates for a jurisdiction, but
also whether these rates vary by other factors, such as race/ethnicity.
Table 25 presents data provided via the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act by race and
ethnicity. In 2018, there were 6,335 applications in the City and 67.9 percent were
approved. The following action rates are notable.
Hispanic applicants submitted the most applications, which corresponds to
their percentage of the overall population
Black or African American applicants experienced the highest rate of other
actions, meaning that Black or African American applicants either withdrew,
submitted incomplete applications, or had loans purchased
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander applicants had the highest denial
rate
Mortgage Approvals by Race/Ethnicity, 2018
Total
Number of
Applications
Percent of
Total
Applications
Action Type
Approved
(a)
Denied
(b)
Other
(c)
Non-Hispanic
American Indian 7 0.1% 71.4% 14.3% 14.3%
Asian 201 3.2% 64.8% 10.8% 24.3%
Black or African
American 398 6.3% 62.1% 10.7% 27.2%
Native Hawaiian or
Other Pacific
Islander
23
0.4%
63.6% 27.3% 9.1%
White 1,076 17.0% 71.5% 9.6% 18.9%
Multi-Race 47 0.7% 64.2% 11.9% 23.8%
Information Not
Provided 1,292 20.4% 65.1% 11.1% 23.9%
Hispanic 3,291 51.9% 68.2% 10.4% 21.4%
Total 6,335 67.9% 9.1% 29.1%
Table 25: Mortgage Approvals by Race/Ethnicity
Source: www.lendingpattern.com, 2018
Notes: (a) includes loans originated, applications approved but not accepted, and preapproval
requests approved but not accepted; (b) includes application denied by financial insti tution and
preapproval request denied by financial institution; and (c) includes applications withdrawn by
applicant, incomplete applications, and loans purchased by institution.
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While this analysis provides a more in -depth look at lending patterns, it does not
conclusively explain any of the discrepancies observed. Aside from income, many
other factors can contribute to the availability of financing, including credit history,
the availability and amount of a down payment, and knowledge of the home
buying process. HMDA data does not provide insight into these other factors.
Table 26: Loan Type by Race
Source: FFIEC Home Mortgage Disclosure Act
Denials
Total Applications (2018) Total # of Denials Overall Denial Rate
4,710 490 10.40%
Table 27: Denials
Source: 2018 National HMDA-LAR via the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
Loan Type by Race
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale Area
Applicant Race
Conventional FHA-Insured VA-
Guaranteed
Total
Applications
# of
applications
# of
applications
# of
applications
# of
applications
American Indian or Alaska
Native 1,472 368 228 2,068
Asian 16,324 1,238 760 18,322
Black or African American 6,920 3,037 2,490 12,447
Native Hawaiian or other
Pacific Islander 1,001 208 181 1,390
White 101,697 27,624 11,760 141,081
Race not provided 40,165 15,359 7,042 62,566
Totals 167,579 47,834 22,461 237,874
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Top Lenders
Lender Name
Total Approved Denied Withdrawn/
Closed
# Market
Share # % of
Total # % of
Total # % of
Total
Lakeview Loan Servicing, LLC 441 7.0% 1 0.2% - 0.0% 1 0.2%
Mountain West Financial, Inc. 277 4.4% 182 65.7% 25 9.0% 70 25.3%
Eagle Home Mortgage of
California 264 4.2% 190 72.0% 23 8.7% 51 19.3%
United Shore Financial
Services, LLC 264 4.2% 200 75.8% 27 10.2% 37 14.0%
Broker Solutions, Inc. 238 3.8% 157 66.0% 14 5.9% 67 28.2%
Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association 233 3.7% 48 20.6% 10 4.3% 7 3.0%
Paramount Residential
Mortgage Group, Inc. 192 3.0% 162 84.4% 15 7.8% 15 7.8%
Golden Empire Mortgage,
Inc. 161 2.5% 123 76.4% - 0.0% 38 23.6%
PennyMac Loan Services, LLC 154 2.4% 2 1.3% 3 1.9% 2 1.3%
Caliber Home Loans, Inc. 151 2.4% 77 51.0% 8 5.3% 26 17.2%
Other Lenders (247) 3,960 62.5% 2,060 52.0% 365 9.2% 704 17.8%
TOTAL 6,335 100% 3,202 50.5% 490 7.7% 1,018 16.1%
Table 28: Top Lenders
Source: Data from HMDA-LAR, published by individual lenders and or the Federal Financial Institutions
Examination Council
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Chapter 5: Public Policies
Public policies, along with other factors, affect the development of housing. In turn,
they impact the range and location of housing options available to residents. Fair
housing laws, as described in Chapter 1, are intended to encourage an inclusive
living environment and active community participation. An assessment of public
policies and related practices help identify potential impediments to fair housing
opportunity. This chapter provides an overview of public policies, regulations,
standards, and practices including housing element law and compliance, land use,
and the zoning ordinance.
A. Housing Element Law and Compliance
California housing element law requires that local governments adequately plan to
meet the existing and projected housing needs of all economic segments of the
community. For the private market to adequately address housing needs and
demand, local governments must adopt land-use plans and regulatory systems that
provide opportunities for and do not unduly constrain housing development.
California housing element law requires each jurisdiction to:
Identify adequate sites which will be made available throug h appropriate zoning
and development standards and with the services and facilities needed to
facilitate and encourage the development of a variety of types of housing for all
income levels in order to meet the city’s regional housing needs;
Assist in the development of adequate housing to meet the needs of extremely
low-, very low-, low-, and moderate-income households;
Address and, where appropriate and legally possible, remove governmental
constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of h ousing;
Conserve and improve the condition of the existing affordable housing stock ;
Promote housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, religion, sex,
marital status, ancestry, national origin, color, familial status, or disability.
The City’s current Housing Element was adopted on February 10, 2014 and was
certified as compliant with State Law by the California Department of Housing and
Community Development (HCD) on March 28, 2014.
B. Land Use Element
The Land Use Element of the City’s Gen eral Plan designates the general distribution,
location, and extent of residential, commercial, industrial, public/quasi-public, and
open space uses. Regarding housing, the Land Use Element establishes a range of
nine residential land-use designations, specifies densities, and suggests the types of
housing appropriate in a community. The Land Use Element is implemented through
the Development Code, which establishes zones where residential uses are
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permitted. Development density ranges from one unit per acre in single-family
designations to 54 dwelling units per acre in the CR-2 zone.
Table 29: Land Use and Zoning
Source: City of San Bernardino General Plan, 2014
Residential Land Use Designations and Zoning Districts
General Plan
Land Use
Designation
Zoning
District Primary Residential Type(s) Du/Ac
Residential Estate RE Single-family detached in an estate
setting 1
Residential Low RL Single-family detached in low-density
setting 3.5
Residential
Suburban RS Single-family detached in high quality
suburban setting 4.5
Residential Urban RU Single/multi-family attached and
detached residences 8
Residential
Medium RU Multi-family dwellings, all types 12
Residential
Medium High RMH Multi-family dwellings including
apartments and condominiums 24
Residential High RMH Multi-family dwellings including
apartments and condominiums 31
Commercial
Regional CR-2 Vertical residential, retail, and office
mixed use 47
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C. Development Code
The City’s existing Development Code regulates the type, location, density, and
scale of residential development and exists to protect and promote the health,
safety, and general welfare of residents. In addition, the Development Code serves
to preserve the character and integrity of existing neighborhoods.
Zoning & Provisions for Diversity Housing Types
Residential uses are allowed in residential and some commercial districts. The City’s
zoning permits a range of housing types, which is essential to providing a full range of
housing choice. Table 30 lists all the unit types per property, exhibiting the diversity of
housing available in the City of San Bernardino. Table 31 lists housing types allowable
with approval of a Development Permit or Conditional Use Permit, permitted by -right,
or prohibited.
Table 30: Units Per Property
Source: 2013-2017 ACS 5-Year Estimate
Housing Types by Zone
Housing Types RE RL RS RU RM RMH RH RSH CO CG-
2
CR-
2
Single-Family D D D D D D D X X X X
Multi-Family X X X D1 D D D X X C C
Condominium or
Townhouse D D D D D D D X X X X
Manufactured
Housing D D D D D D D X X X X
Mobile Home Park D D D D D D D X X X X
Units Per Property
Total Occupied Owners Renters
Property Type Number % Number % Number %
1-unit detached structure 36,223 62.4% 23,395 86.2% 12,828 41.5
1-unit, attached structure 2,538 4.4% 501 1.8% 2,037 6.6
2 apartments 916 1.6% 41 0.2% 875 2.8
3 or 4 apartments 3,618 6.2% 233 0.9% 3,385 11.0
5 to 9 apartments 3,159 5.4% 52 0.2% 3,107 10.1
10 or more apartments 7,933 13.7% 85 0.3% 7,848 25.4
Mobile home or other
type of housing 3,659 6.3% 2,830 10.4% 829 2.7
Total 58,046 100.0% 27,137 100.0% 30,909 100.0
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or Subdivisions
Second Unit P P P P P P P X X X X
Senior Housing/
Congregate Care X X X D D D D X C C C
Community Care
Facility
(≤ 6 persons)
P P P P P P P X C C C
Emergency Shelters2 X X X X C C C X X X C
Transitional/Supporti
ve Housing3 D D D D D D D X X C C
Single Room
Occupancy X X X X X X X X X C C
Mixed Used X X X X X X X X X C C
1. Multi-Family units that legally existed in the RU zones prior to June 3, 1991 may
remain as a permitted use without a Development Permit.
2. An Emergency Shelter overlay zone permits emergency shelters serving 60 or
fewer persons nightly without discretionary review within designated areas of
the Industrial Light (IL0), Commercial Heavy (CH), or Office Industrial Park (OIP)
zones.
3. Transitional and permanent supportive housing will be permitted based on unit
type like any other residential use.
P = Permitted
D = Development Permit
C = Conditional Use Permit
X = Prohibited
Table 31:Housing Types by Zone
Source: City of San Bernardino Development Code, 2014
Density Bonus
In accordance with State Government Section 65915 , Subsection D.2., to promote
the development of affordable housing, the City provides for a housing density
bonus of 25 percent for zones RU, RM, RMH, RH, CO-1 and 2, and CG-2.
Parking
The cost of parking can negatively impact construction of housing, particularly multi -
family affordable housing. When land available is limited, parking structures are
necessary for larger projects. As the number of required parking spaces increases,
the development costs increase as well. The City recognizes these challenges and
offers incentives, such as reduced parking standards within areas served by transit, to
alleviate potential constraints to development.
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Parking Requirements
Residential use Parking Spaces Required
Mobile Homes 2 garage spaces per unit, tandem is permitted. 1 uncovered
guest space per unit
Residential Day Care 2 spaces in addition to those required by primary residence
Senior Apartments 1 covered space for each unit and 1 uncovered guest space
for every 5 units
Senior Congregate Care 0.75 covered space per unit
Single-family Dwelling 2 garage spaces per unit
Second Unit 1 covered space per bedroom, may be in the side yard
setback
Student Housing 1 off-street parking space for each bedroom (65% covered)
plus 3 uncovered off-street guest-parking spaces for 100 rooms
Planned Residential
Redevelopment Single-
family dwellings and
condominiums
2 garage spaces per unit. 1 uncovered guest space per unit, 1
uncovered guest space per 5 units
Multi-Family Residential
Studio 1 space per unit
One Bedroom 1.5 covered spaces per units and 1 uncovered guest space per
5 units
Two Bedrooms 2 covered spaces per unit and 1 uncovered guest space per 5
units
Three or more Bedrooms 2.5 covered spaces per unit and 1 uncovered guest space per
5 units
Senior Citizen Apartments 1 covered space per unit and 1 uncovered guest space per 5
units
Table 32: Parking Requirements
Source: City of San Bernardino Development Code, 2014
Definitions
Local zoning definitions that should be consistent with Fair Housing Act include family,
group home, assisted care facility, boarding homes, single-room occupancy,
homeless shelters, second dwelling occupancy unit, and reasonable occupancy.
California court cases have ruled that a definition of “family” that: 1) limits the
number of persons in a family; 2) specifies how members of the family are related
(i.e. by blood, marriage or adoption, etc.), or 3) a gro up of not more than a certain
number of unrelated persons as a single housekeeping unit, is invalid. Court rulings
stated that defining a family does not serve any legitimate or useful objective or
purpose recognized under the zoning and land planning powe rs of the jurisdiction,
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and therefore violates rights of privacy under the California Constitution. A Zoning
Ordinance also cannot regulate residency by discrimination between biologically
related and unrelated persons. Furthermore, a zoning provision cann ot regulate or
enforce the number of persons constituting a family. The City’s definition does not
serve to impede housing choice.
The City’s current “Family” definition is not overly restrictive. This definition was
amended or “cured” of any discriminatory language in 2011. The current definition is
as follows: “Family” means one or more persons living together in a dwelling unit,
with common access to, and common use of all living, kitchen and eating areas
within the dwelling unit.
Currently the current zoning ordinance does not provide for group homes except
when it refers to senior living homes or congregate care housing. The current zoning
ordinance does not include group homes, boarding homes or single room
occupancy uses. Affordable housing comes in many forms, the City should revise its
zoning to include such uses in accordance with the Fair Housing Act as amended.
Shelters are permitted within the Emergency Shelter Overlay District which is located
across industrial districts. These districts do not provide any services needed for
homeless populations including mental and physical health care facilities, transitional
housing, childcare, public housing , substance abuse clinics, schools, and grocery
and pharmacy stores.
Hoarding and other Intellectual Disabilities.
The City does regulate reasonable accommodations through, Chapter 19.63
Reasonable Accommodations which establishes a procedure for an individual with a
disability seeking equal access to housing to request reasona ble accommodation as
provided by the Federal Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 and the California
Fair Employment and Housing act.
Fair Housing laws may protect people with disabilities who unintendedly violate
nuisance laws, such as those pertaining to garbage and rubbish. For example,
mental health professionals have identified Compulsive Hoarding Syndrome as a
disorder that involves the accumulation of belongings to such an extent that the
resulting clutter renders parts of the living space unusable . Symptoms include:
The acquisition and failure to discard a large number of items/possession that
are considered by most to be of little or no value
These possessions clutter the living space, rendering the space unable to be
used in the way it was intended
The hoarding behavior causes marked distress or interferes with one’s daily
functioning
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An individual who engages in hoarding might run afoul of the measures regarding
garbage and rubbish disposal and will be subject to Chapter 15.24 Property
Maintenance Requirements. Conditions constituting property nuisances someone
with Compulsive Hoarding Syndrome may need a reasonable accommodation (i.e.
additional time to comply with the order to abate the nuisance or information
regarding community resources to assist with the cleanup) to meet City standards.
Additionally, persons with physical disabilities who cannot sustain long periods of
strenuous activity might need additional time to comply. While the right to a
reasonable accommodation is available to persons with disabilities under existing fair
housing laws, it would be helpful to explicitly state within this code section that
persons with disabilities may request an accommodation as needed which will be
evaluated by the appropriate agency. S uch accommodation should include relief
from any penalties assessed pursuant to a finding of a nuisance or other violation.
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Chapter 6: Fair Housing Profile
This section provides information on the institutional structure of the homeownership
and rental markets in the City of San Bernardino. It also includes local, state, and
federal data on fair housing complaints.
A. Fair Housing Practices in the Homeownership Market
This section analyzes potential impediments to fair housing in homeownership.
Advertising
Advertising is usually the first consideration for potential buyers. Often times,
advertisements for homes for sale include discriminatory language. This includes
advertising amenities not included in the home itself such as proximity to schools,
type of residents nearby, and location of churches and other institutions. L anguage
like this may indicate a preference for certain types of people, such as families or
people of a certain religion, and can be discriminatory.
Potentially Discriminatory Language in Listings of For-Sale Homes
Discrimination Type Number of
Listings Potentially Discriminatory Language
No Discriminatory
Language 25
There was no discriminatory language Income Related 0
Household Size/
Family Related 0
Disability Related 0
Table 33: Discriminatory Language in For-Sale Homes Listings
Source: www.trulia.com, www.zillow.com, www.realtor.com, www.craigslist.com, accessed February
10, 2020
Lending
Lending institutions determine if a potential buyer will qualify for a loan. As part of the
lending process, applicants are asked to provide information such as gender, race,
and income, which is then used for reporting required by the Home Mortgage
Disclosure Act and the Community Reinvestment Act. However, this information may
be used to discriminate during the application process.
Credit Scores
Credit histories are significant factors in lending institutions approvin g home loans.
Applicants with higher scores are more likely to be given conventional loans while
applicants with lower scores are more likely to receive FHA or government-backed
loans and pay higher interest rates.
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Real Estate Agents
Real estate agents may unintentionally discriminate by directing potential buyers to
certain neighborhoods, known as steering, or by being selective in who they
represent.
In California, a broker or salesperson must be licensed by the California Bureau of
Real Estate (CalBRE) in order to conduct business in the field of real estate. The
CalBRE also enforces violations of California real estate law. In San Bernardino,
housing discrimination or other fair housing violations related to the sale of real
property are reported to the CalBRE for investigation.
The real estate industry in California is highly professionalized. Almost all real estate
brokers and salespersons are affiliated with a real estate trade association. The two
largest are the California Association of Realtors (CAR), associated with the National
Association of Realtors (NAR), and the California Association of Real Estate Brokers
(CAREB), associated with the National Association of Real Estate Brokers (NAREB). The
use of the term “Realtor” is restricted by NAR as a registered trademark. Members of
NAREB are licensed to use the professional designation “Realtor.”
NAR has a professional code of conduct that specifically prohibits unequal
treatment in professional services or employment practices on the ba sis of “race,
color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin” (Article 10, NAR Code
of Ethics). Both prohibit members from promulgating deed restrictions or covenants
based on race.
Article 10 of the NAR Code of Ethics provides that “Realtors shall not deny equal
professional services to any person for reasons of race, color, religion, sex, handicap,
familial status, or national origin. Realtors shall not be a party to any plan or
agreement to discriminate against any person or person s on the basis of race, color,
religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin.”
A Realtor pledges to conduct business in keeping with the spirit and letter of the
Code of Ethics. Article 10 imposes obligations upon Realtors and is also a firm
statement of support for equal opportunity in housing. A Realtor who suspects
discrimination is instructed to call the local Board of Realtors. Local Boards of Realtors
will accept complaints alleging violations of the Code of Ethics filed by a home
seeker who alleges discriminatory treatment in the availability, purchase, or rental of
housing. Local Boards of Realtors have a responsibility to enforce the Code of Ethics
through professional standards, procedures, and corrective action in cases where a
violation of the Code of Ethics is proven to have occurred.
The California Association of Realtors (CAR) has many local associations throughout
the state. San Bernardino is served by the Inland Valley Association of Realtors. It is
the mission of the Inland Valley Association of Realtors to provide members with
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
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education and resources that will enable them to conduct business successfully, to
promote and enforce professional and ethical standards, and to strengthen the
Realtor image by improving the quality of life in the communities they serve,
promoting equal housing opportunity, and protecting and preserving private
property rights.
CAR offers continuous online courses dealing with fair housing requirements and
issues. Part of the license renewal requirements for all sales agents and brokers is
continuous education on fair housing laws and regulations. According to the course
description, the course will provide an overview of the federal fair housing laws and
an in-depth discussion of the individual law s and their application to the practice of
real estate. The course also provides CAR members with a study of the State of
California fair housing laws and regulations. The course emphasizes anti-
discriminatory conduct that all licensees should practice and concludes by
discussing the voluntary affirmative action marketing program and why promoting
fair housing laws is a positive force at work in California and throughout the nation.
NAREB follows a strict code of ethics stating that “any Realtor shall not discriminate
against any person because of Race, Color, Religion, Sex, National Origin, Disability,
Familial Status or Sexual Orientation” (Part I, Section 2, NAREB Code of Ethics):
In the sale or rental of real property;
In advertising the sale or rental of real property;
In the financing of real property;
In the provision of professional services.
Part I, Section 2 of the NAREB Code of Ethics continues , stating that any “Realtor shall
not be instrumental in establishing, reinforcing or extending any agreement or
provision that restricts or limits the use or occupancy of real property to any person or
group of persons on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability,
familial status, or sexual orientation.”
NAREB’s California Ch apter offers statewide conferences to educate its members.
The most recent conference was held in October 2019: Democracy in Housing.
NAREB’s local chapter called Inland Empire Association of Realtors serves the San
Bernardino area.
B. Fair Housing Practices in the Rental Housing Market
This section analyzes potential impediments to fair housing in renting.
Advertising
Advertising is also the first consideration for a potential renter. Discriminatory
language includes listings expressing a preference for families, students, or single
individuals and references to the allowance of pets. Language like this may indicate
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a preference for certain types of people while also excluding people who may need
a guide dog or emotional -support animal.
Potential renters may also face discrimination when responding to ads or viewing a
unit based on their perceived race and social class.
Potentially Discriminatory Language in Rental Listings
Discrimination
Type
Number of
Listings Potentially Discriminatory Language
No
Discriminatory
Language
18
Income
Related 3
“Must make 3x the monthly rent, pass criminal
background check, no bankruptcies or lease breaks”
“For the quickest response, have a 650 FICO or higher”
“Need to make 2 and a half times the rent, proof of
income, no evictions, no felonies”
Disability
Related 4
“No pets allowed”
“Sorry, no pets”
“No pets” (x2)
Household Size/
Family Related 0
Table 34: Discriminatory Language in Rental Listings
Source: www.trulia.com, www.zillow.com, www.realtor.com, www.craigslist.com, accessed February
10, 2020
California Apartment Association
The California Apartment Association (CAA) is the country’s largest statewide trade
association for rental property owners and managers. CAA was incorporated in 1941
to serve rental property owners and managers throughout C alifornia. CAA represents
rental housing owners and professionals who together manage more than 1.5 million
rental units. CAA has a local association called CAA-Greater Inland Empire that
services the counties of Imperial, Riverside, and San Bernardino.
CAA supports the spirit and intent of all local, state, and federal fair housing laws for
all residents without regard to color, race, religion, sex, marital status, mental or
physical disability, age, familial status, sexual orientation, or national origin. Members
of the California Apartment Association agree to abide by the following provisions of
their Code for Equal Housing Opportunity:
We agree that in the rental, lease, sale, purchase, or exchange of real
property, owners and their employees have th e responsibility to offer housing
accommodations to all persons on an equal basis;
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We agree to set and implement fair and reasonable rental housing rules and
guidelines and will provide equal and consistent services throughout our
resident’s tenancy;
We agree that we have no right or responsibility to volunteer information
regarding the racial, creed, or ethnic composition of any neighborhood, and
we do not engage in any behavior or action that would result in steering; and
We agree not to print, display, or circulate any statement or advertisement
that indicates any preference, limitations, or discrimination in the rental or sale
of housing.
CAA provides members with tenant screening services, application forms, and other
types of landlord-tenant forms, which if used by CAA members provide legal
procedures for processing rental applications and resolving tenant issues. Further,
should landlords stay within these guidelines, they will likely avoid committing housing
violations. CAA offers a landlord helplin e where landlords can call and speak to an
attorney about their responsibilities. Lastly, all members receive a fair housing flyer to
post at their properties stating that it is illegal to discriminate based on the protected
classes.
When CAA receives complaints about potential fair housing violations, the
association provides tenants with information on their rights and then refers them to
the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing to file a claim.
CAA offers a certificate in residential m anagement, which requires a course on fair
housing law. In addition, the CAA website provides links to the Fair Housing Institute
and Fair Housing Network. Members receive CAA Issue Insight, an online publication
that provides in-depth discussion of fair housing or landlord-tenant issues. CAA offers
training opportunities across the state and in the Inland Empire. CAA has a landlord
helpline open Monday through Friday where landlords can ask questions about
landlord-tenant issues and property management. Questions can be submitted
online or over the phone. CAA also provides free forms online to its members, such as
rental applications and lease agreements. CAA provides fair housing information to
renters at outreach events.
C. Fair Housing Services and Statistics
Patterns of complaints and enforcement are useful when assessing the nature and
level of potentially unfair or discriminatory housing practices in the private sector.
Several public and private agencies may receive complaints about unfair housing
practices or housing discrimination.
At the federal level, the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) of the
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development receives complaints of housing
discrimination. FHEO will attempt to resolve matters informally. FHEO may act on
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those complaints if they represent a violation of federal law and FHEO finds that
there is “reasonable cause” to pursue administrative action in federal court.
At the state level, the Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH) has a
similar role to FHEO. DFEH also receives, investigates, attempts to settle, and can take
administrative action to prosecute violations of the law. FHEO and DFEH have some
overlap in jurisdiction and depending on the nature of the case, may refer cases to
one another. DFEH is a HUD Fair Housing Assistance Program (FHAP) grantee,
meaning that it receives funding from HUD to enforce federal fair housing law in the
state.
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing, and
Equal Opportunity (HUD)
From 2015 to 2016, 114 fair housing discrimination cases in the County of San
Bernardino were forwarded to the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity. The
table below presents the bases for the cases forwarded. Disability was included as a
basis for complaint in 51.8 percent of cases. Race followed at 22 percent.
HUD Basis for Complaint
# Percent
Race 25 22%
Black or African American 21 18.4%
Native American 2 1.8%
White 1 0.9%
Color 1 0.9%
National Origin 12 10.5%
Hispanic Origin 11 9.6%
Disability 59 51.8%
Religion 3 2.6%
Sex 10 8.8%
Retaliation 15 13.2%
Familial Status 17 14.9%
Table 35: HUD Fair Housing Complaints
Source: 2019 HUD
Note: Complaints may be made on multiple bases. Therefore, the percentages do not total 100
percent.
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California Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH)
From 2015 to 2019, 16 fair housing discrimination cases in the City of San Bernardino
were forwarded to the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing. The
table below presents the bases for the cases forwarded.
DFEH Basis for Complaint
# Percent
Race 3 18.8%
National Origin 3 18.8%
Disability 4 25.0%
Religion 1 6.3%
Familial Status 1 6.3%
Marital Status 1 6.3%
Source of Income 1 6.3%
Sexual Orientation 2 12.5%
Table 36: DFEH Basis for Complaint
Source: 2019 California Department of Fair Employment and Housing
Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board
The Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board (IFHMB) is a nonprofit, public benefit
corporation that has served San Bernardino County and parts of Riverside and
Imperial Counties in Southern California since 1980. IFHMB’s services are provided to
the community free of charge and are funded through the U .S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development’s Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)
program provided by the City of San Bernardino and the County of San Bernardino.
The purpose of IFHMB is to ensure that all members of the community have equal
access to safe, affordable housing and to eliminate discrimination in housing. IFHMB
headquarters is in Ontario and has satellite offices in San Bernardino, Victorville, Indio,
and El Centro.
IFHMB provides numerous services including:
Information, investigation, education, and conciliation and/or referrals of
housing discrimination complaints
Fair housing workshops to educate housing providers, tenants, homeowners,
and financial and lending institutions
Information to tenants, landlords, mobile home park owner s, and mobile home
residents on their rights and responsibilities
Mediation as an alternative to resolve housing issues for tenants, property
management, and owners.
From 2018 to 2019 the number of clients served in San Bernardino are broken into two
cl assifications:
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Fair Housing clients – 143 households and 394 persons assisted
Landlord/Tenant clients – 758 Households and 2,363 persons assisted
A large majority of the clients were Latino (1,119 persons and 304 households) and
African American (757 persons and 273 households). Most discrimination complaints
were because of disability followed by race. Eviction , housing repair needs, and
tenant rights were the most common housing issues. In 2018 -2019 IFHMB prepared fair
housing literature (7,448 brochure s distributed), conducted several fair housing
workshops (330 persons attended14 regional workshops), and paid for cable
television promotion (23 cable releases).
Persons Served 2018-2019
Discrimination Cases
Extremely
Low
Income
Very Low
Income
Low
Income
Moderate
Income TOTAL
Fair Housing 262 70 57 5 394
Landlord/Tennant 1380 506 388 89 2,363
Persons with Disabilities
Discrimination Cases Female-Headed
households Seniors Persons with
disabilities
Persons w/disabilities
(households & Persons) 341 305 535
Table 37: IFHMB Persons Served 2018-2019
Source: Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board, 2018-2019 San Bernardino annual report
Hate Crimes
Hate crimes are committed based on a bias against gender, mental disability,
physical disability, race, religion, or sexual orientation. The table below shows that
there were 35 hate crimes reported within the City in the past five years. Twenty -four
(68 .6 percent) hate crimes were motivated by race or ethnicity and 1 1 (31.4
percent) were motivated by sexual orientation. Reported hate crimes represent less
than 1% of all crimes over this 5-year period.
Hate Crimes Reported
Gender Mental
Disability
Physical
Disability Racial Religion Sexual
Orientation
2015 0 0 0 3 0 1
2016 0 0 0 7 0 1
2017 0 0 0 6 0 5
2018 0 0 0 4 0 0
2019 0 0 0 4 0 4
Total 0 0 0 24 0 11
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Since 2015, overall crime has
decreased by 8.6 percent.
Table 38: Hate Crimes Reported
Source: San Bernardino Police Department, 2015-2019
Overall, crime has decreased in the City since
2015, with some small yearly increases in -
between. Since 2015, overall crime has
decreased by 8.6 percent. There were 13,087
crimes reported by the San Bernardino Police Department in 2015 and just 11,955
reported in 2019. The decrease in overall crime is mostly due to a decrease in
property crime (-12.6 percent), however, violent crime has increased by 6.6 percent
since 2015.
Crime
Year Violent Crime Property Crime Total Crime
Percent
Change from
Previous Year
2019 2,874 9,081 11,955 0.20%
2018 2,906 9,014 11,931 6.34%
2017 2,806 8,403 11,209 (7.03%)
2016 2,878 9,178 12,056 (7.88%)
2015 2,697 10,390 13,087 N/A
Table 39: Crime in the City of San Bernardino
Source: San Bernardino Police Department, 2015-2019
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Chapter 7: Fair Housing Progress
G. Impediment: Housing Discrimination
The previous AI identified that discriminatory practices by landlords continue within
the City and that discrimination against persons with disabilities increased.
Action Item 1.1: The City should continue its outreach efforts through its fair housing
service provider to educate landlords and tenants regarding fair housing rights and
responsibilities. Random audits should be conducted periodically to identify problem
properties and implement reconciliation efforts.
Efforts: The City continues to fund the IFHMB to provide landlord/tenant and
mobile home mediation/housing counseling, alternative dispute resolution,
and senior services to City residents. IFHMB also refers housing discrimination
complaints to the City. During FY 2018-2019, 2,757 City residents were served.
Additionally, IFHMB provides local housing provider groups, rental property
owners, community agencies, and the public with education and outreach on
housing rights and responsibilities. Under the FY 2020-21 contract with IFHMB
the City will contract for:
Landlord workshops, specifically around the new rent cap law, but also
to highlight fair housing practices.
H. Impediment: Public Policies and Programs Affecting Housing Development
The previous AI identified that a lack of affordable housing disproportionately
affected minority households; there was a need for diversity training for City staff who
interacted with the public; housing discrimination was more prevalent for renter
households; elderly households may be less able to make critical improvements to
their housing; large households found it difficult to find adequately sized , affordable
housing; persons with disabilities faced a greater amount of housing discrimination;
the City does not define supportive housing development; and that San Bernardino
Development code did not comply with State density bonus law.
Action Item 2.1: The City should continue to encourage the development of
affordable housing through: (1) streamlined permit processing; (2) flexibility in
applying design and development standards; (3) density bonuses; (4) other general
plan, administrative and zoning efforts; and (5) public-private partnerships with
developers of affordable housing. The City should continue to offe r housing
rehabilitation assistance to HOME and CDBG eligible households and ensure
affirmative marketing efforts are extended to minority households to encourage
participation in City programs.
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Efforts: In FY 2018-2019, the City sold three newly built ho mes for households at
80 percent AMI.
The City is developing a general lot consolidation incentive that offers a 15
percent density bonus for projects with a residential component, maintenance
plan, and on-site management
The City also developed a streamlined process for certain projects subject to a
Conditional Use Permit through what is called a Minor Use Permit, which
requires less staff time and has lower fees.
In FY 2018-2019, the City improved its Notice of Funding Availability application
and held public meetings to explain the application process.
Action Item 2.2: The City should require that staff members in each department,
specifically those who interact with the public, attend cultural diversity training
periodically but at a minimum at time of employment.
Efforts: The City offers two cultural diversity training session s per year that are
open to all City staff. Cultural diversity training is not currently required for any
staff and the City does not track which staff members attend the training
sessions.
Action Item 2.3: Homeownership is particularly important as a vehicle for providing
decent housing for working families. In cooperation with lending institutions, local
associations of realtors, and fair housing providers, the City should provide outreach
to inform lower-income households of special local, state, and federal homebuyer
assistance programs.
Efforts: The City partners with IFHMB and Neighborhood Partnerships Housing
Services Inc. to provide first-time homebuyer workshops as well as
default/foreclosure prevention counseling, reverse mortgage counseling, and
financial education workshops.
Action Item 2.4: The City should continue its efforts to expand the variety of available
housing types and sizes. In addition to persons with disabilities, senior households can
also benefit from a wider range of housing options. To allow seniors to age in place,
small one-story homes, townhomes, or condominiums may be needed.
Efforts: In FY 2018-2019, the City partnered with the County of San Bernardino
and National Community Renaissance to redevelop the Waterman Gardens
public housing project and construct a $79 m illion mixed-income affordable
housing community of 184 units. The project received $20 million in Affordable
Housing and Sustainable Communities (AHSC) funds and the City of San
Bernardino contributed $2.5 million in HOME, CDBG and NSP1 to the project.
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In FY 2015-2016, the City partnered with National Community Renaissance to
fund the construction Valencia Vista, a 76 unit affordable housing
development that is part of the redevelopment of the Waterman Gardens
public housing project. The City contributed $1.5 million in HOME funds to the
development. Households served ranged in income from 30%, 50% and 80%.
In FY 2016-17 The City again partnered with National Community Renaissance
to fund the construction of Olive Meadow, a 62 -unit affordable housing
development, which is also part of the redevelopment of the Waterman
Gardens public housing project. The City contributed $734,000 in HOME funds.
Households served range in income from 30%, 50% and 80%.
Action Item 2.5: The City should continue its efforts to expand the variety of available
housing types and sizes. Rental housing units of adequate size for large households
should be encouraged as a large portion of the City’s large renter -households
experience housing problems.
Efforts: In FY 2018-2019, the City partnered with the County of San Bernardino
and National Community Renaissance redevelop the Waterman Gardens
public housing project and construct a $79 million mixed-income affordable
housing community of 184 un its. The project received $20 million in Affordable
Housing and Sustainable Communities (AHSC) funds and the City of San
Bernardino contributed $2.5 million in HOME, CDBG and NSP1 to the project.
In FY 2016-2017, the City again partnered with National Community
Renaissance to fund the construction of Olive Meadow, a 62 -unit affordable
housing development, which is also part of the redevelopment of the
Waterman Gardens public housing project. The City contributed $734,000 in
HOME funds. Households served range in income from 30%, 50% and 80%.
Action Item 2.6: The City should consider incentivizing or requiring universal design
features in new construction or substantial rehabilitation of housing, especially
projects that receive financial assistance from the City.
Efforts: The City did not pursue this action item.
Action Item 2.7: The City plans to amend its Development Code to define and permit
transitional and supportive housing based on the unit type rather than the potential
occupants.
Efforts: The City is currently working on amending the Development C ode to
define transitional and permanent supportive housing in order to facilitate
review and approval process of this housing type.
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Action Item 2.8: According to the City’s 2013-2021 Housing Element, the City commits
to amending their density bonus provisions to comply with State law.
Efforts: The City is currently working on amending the Development Code to
comply with the amended State density bonus law.
I. Impediment: Lending Practices
The previous AI identified that the racial and ethnic composition of conventional
home loans did not reflect the racial and ethnic composition of the City. It was also
identified that white and Asian home loan applicants had the highest rate of
approvals while black applicants had the lowest.
Action Item 3.1: The City should expand outreach efforts to minority households,
especially black households, to raise awareness of and education about
homeownership opportunities.
Efforts: The City partners with IFHMB and Neighborhood Partnerships Housing
Services, Inc. to provide first-time homebuyer workshops as well as
default/foreclosure prevention counseling, reverse mortgage counseling, and
financial education workshops.
As a requirement of HOME, rental projects consisting of five or more units must
include and adhere to affirmative marketing procedures and requirements.
The requirements include:
The City will continue to contract with IFHMB to inform the public, owner
and tenants of fair housing laws;
In its monitoring/inspections of HOME assisted units, City staff reviews all
marketing plans and a sample of tenant files to ensure that fair
marketing practices are being followed. Owners and leasing agents will
place advertisements to market HOME-assisted units through local
sources, public agencies and social service organizations;
Description of outreach efforts to people not likely to apply for housing
without special outreach is included in all City and County assisted
housing developments;
Maintenance of records to document actions taken to affirmatively
market HOME-assisted units and to assess marketing effectiveness; and
Description of actions that will be taken if requirements are not met.
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J. Impediment: Demographics
The previous AI identified that the City had moderate levels of segregation between
racial groups. It also found that a higher percent of renters (58 percent) were
affected by cost burden when compared to all households (50 percent).
Action Item 4.1: The City should continue to offer a range of housing options to allow
the greatest residential mobility among its residents. The City should ensure
developers and housing providers using local, state, and federal funds adhere to the
Affirmative Fair Marketing Plan as required.
Efforts: As a requirement of HOME, rental projects consisting of five or more
units must include and adhere to affirmative marketing procedures and
requirements. The requirements include:
List of methods to inform the public, owners and potential tenants about
fair housing laws and the City’s marketing policy;
Description of the efforts that will be made to conduct affirmative
market housing units assisted with HOME funds.
Owners and leasing agents will place advertisements to market H OME-
assisted units through local sources, public agencies and social service
organizations;
Description of outreach efforts to people not likely to apply for housing
without special outreach. These efforts will include the distribution of
marketing materials to organizations that likely have contact with these
populations;
Maintenance of records to document actions taken to affirmatively
market HOME-assisted units and to assess marketing effectiveness; and
Description of actions that will be taken if requirements are not met.”
Action Item 4.2: The City should continue to promote economic development and
expand its housing stock to accommodate a range of housing options and income
levels.
Efforts: The City has implemented an Infill Housing Program tha t constructs units
on City-owned parcels to sell to low-income buyers. In FY 2018-2019, the City
sold three newly built homes for households at 50 percent to 80 percent AMI.
The City partners with Inland Empire Small Business Development Center, which
holds eight-week intensive courses for new businesses and also for existing
businesses I the City of San Bernardino.
The City, as a requirement of federal funding, participates in outreach events
for disadvantaged business enterprises (DBEs) and posts bid documents on the
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City’s website. The City also encourages DBEs to bid on CDBG, HOME, and ESG
construction contracts.
The City partnered with the County of San Bernardino and National
Community Renaissance to leverage $79 million for the construction of 1 84
mixed income units as part of the larger redevelopment of the Waterman
Gardens public housing project.
The City in partnership with National Community Renaissance has developed
and approved the Waterman Gardens specific plan for the neighborhood
around the Waterman Gardens public housing project.
K. Impediment: Housing Market Conditions
The previous AI identified that most of the City’s housing stock (67 percent) was more
than 30 years old and may need rehabilitation, especially housing owned by seniors.
Action Item 5.1: San Bernardino should continue operating their housing
rehabilitation programs and increase efforts to promote the housing rehabilitation
programs.
Efforts: In FY 2018-2019, the City assisted in the acquisition and rehabilitation of
a 38-unit apartment complex (Golden Apartments) for use as permanent
supportive housing for homeless households. Golden Apartments opened for
occupancy in December 2019. In the same year, the City rehabilitated seven
homes through the Owner-Occupied Rehabilitation Loan Program (OORP).
The City also maintains lead-poisoning and abatement procedures in all
rehabilitation activities, where appropriate. Additionally, it provides education
to owner occupants participating in City -funded rehabilitation programs and
sends housing and subrecipient staff to Lead Safe .
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Chapter 8: Fair Housing Action Plan
A. Data Collection and Engagement Conclusions
Through input collected from community members and stakeholders, combined with
quantitative data and analysis included in the previous chapters, the following key
issues have been identified for the City of San Bernardino.
Housing Discrimination
Lending Practices
Age and size of housing stock
Resources for mobility (job preparedness and access to jobs)
Increasing numbers of homeless seniors
B. Setting Fair Housing Priorities and Goals
Following the period of public engagement conducted for the Fair Housing
Assessment, program partners held meetings to analyze and interpret community
comments alongside of HUD and local data in order to create regional fair housing
goals. Goals have been set specific to the issues that must be addressed. Area
program partners and stakeholders worked with the City to help determine fair
housing goals and priorities.
HUD provides a list of potential contributing factors in each section, accompanied
by descriptions of those potential factors. The City used the HUD-provided list of
potential fair housing contributing factors, along with the explanation of each factor,
to determine whether any factor listed creates, contributes to, perpetuates, or
increases the severity of one or more fair housing issues.
Other factors were included if they create, contribute to, perpetuate, or increase the
severity of one or more fair housing issues. In addition to the analysis using HUD -
provided data, local data, and local knowledge in each section of the AI, the
community participation process may be of assistance to program participants in
helping to identify and prioritize the contributing factors that should be the focus of
the AI. As part of the engagement process, input from housing and social service
participants was emphasized.
C. Contributing Factors to Fair Housing Issues
City staff, stakeholders, and the community at-large identified and prioritized fair
housing issues and contributing factors to fair housing. The following contributing
factors to fair housing issues have been identifies as “medium” or “high” based on
community engagement and data compiled from either HUD or other local sources.
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Contributing Factors to Fair Housing Issues
Fair Housing Issues Contributing Factors Priorities
Low Medium High
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Affordable Housing
Low volume of affordable
housing
Poor housing conditions and
blight
Poor outside perception.
Developers do not want to build
in the City.
Lack of funding for new housing,
housing rehab and or
maintenance
More housing assistance funding
is needed
Tenant background checks stop
families from receiving housing
Lack of advocacy for affordable
housing. Not-My-Backyard
attitudes create a tough land
development process for new
affordable housing plans
Lack of private company
investment
Low number of accessible units
for a growing elderly and/or
disabled population
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Income &
Employment
Cannot find housing in preferably
located neighborhoods. Long
commute time (average: 26
minutes) (one of the 10 worst
commutes in the U.S.)
Lack of convenient transit routes
and stops
Lack of jobs
Lack of skilled workers and
training opportunities
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Education
Lack of educated workforce
Daycare before or after school
Access to the internet
Work schedule does not permit
Lack of time or finances for higher
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education
Families do not prioritize higher
education
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Racially
Concentrated Areas
Available housing in racially
concentrated areas is scarce
Lack of homeowners in racially
concentrated areas
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Homeless and
homelessness
services and
prevention
Homeless services are at capacity
Lack of/or acceptance of
“Housing First” programs
Natural disasters are financially
devastating to low income
families
Homeless shelter space is at
capacity
Disparities in Access
to Opportunity:
Economic
development
Struggling downtown
Lack of mixed-use development
in the downtown
Lack of economic development
incentives and business
recruitment/retention
High crime rates
Local politics is affecting
economic development
Other Impediments:
Income
Citywide there is a problem with
poverty (particularly African
American ethnicity)
High unemployment and poverty
rates
Low- and moderate-income
populations cannot afford to
purchase a home
Lack of programs that link people
with available jobs
Table 40: Contributing Factors to Fair Housing Issues
Source: Community Survey results; Stakeholder interviews; 2020 Housing Summit
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D. Priority Goals and Actions
The highest priority Contributing Factors to Fair Housing listed on Table 39 are based
on community engagement activities and data analysis. They are:
Affordable Housing
o Low volume of affordable housing
o Poor housing conditions and blight
o Tenant background checks stop families from receiving housing
o Lack of advocacy for affordable housing. Not-My-Backyard attitudes
create a tough land development process for new affordable
housing plans
o Low number of accessible units for a growing elderly and/or disabled
population
Income & Employment
o Lack of convenient transit routes and stops to get to work
o Lack of jobs
o Lack of skilled workers and training opportunities
o High unemployment and poverty rates is impacting earning capacity
o Low- and moderate-income populations cannot afford to purchase
a home
Education
o Access to the internet is needed for secondary and higher education
o Work schedule does not permit families to seek higher education
Racially Concentrated Areas
o Lack of homeowners in racially concentrated areas
Homelessness Services and Prevention
o Low number of accessible units for a growing LMI elderly
and/disabled population
o Homeless shelter space is at capacity
Economic Development
o Struggling downtown
o Lack of mixed-use development in the downtown
o Local politics is affecting economic development
The following goals and action steps were developed as a result of specific data
capture, partner agency consultation, existing programs and policies, community
engagement, outreach activities, and issue prioritization. Through the AI process, the
following six goals have been developed with associated action steps as shown in
Table 40:
Goal 1: Provide housing solutions and incentives for special needs populations.
Goal 2: Increase affordable housing opportunities.
Goal 3: Increase homeownership opportunities for all ethnicities and income
groups.
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Goal 4: Create public awareness of fair housing laws and affordable housing
advocacy.
Goal 5: Increase earning capacity of low- and moderate-income residents.
The following table describes and lays out the top issues, priority goals , and action
steps that will further fair housing. Several high priority action steps have been
highlighted to provide clearer direction for Council, City staff , and partnering
agencies.
Goals & Action Steps
Top Issue Goals Action Steps
Goal 1
Provide
housing
solutions and
incentives for
special needs
populations.
1. Work with agencies that assist with the
housing needs particularly the elderly,
those with disabilities, and homeless.
(Single parent households’ makeup
almost 19 percent of the total
households. Thirteen percent of the
population are reported to have
disabilities. Twenty three percent of the
total homes contain at least one or more
elderly person)
2. Work with housing developers to create
affordable housing options for special
needs populations.
Goal 2
Increase
affordable
housing
opportunities.
1. Support integrated housing approaches
near designated employment areas/
centers and transit.
2. Promote building new units containing 2
or 3 bedrooms for larger families.
3. Encourage innovative low-cost housing
materials such as modular construction.
4. Identify funding for transitional and
permanent supportive housing
development. Priority should be given to
homeless and special needs households
or persons.
5. Understand the specific redevelopment
obstacles related to construction on the
local level that can be changed.
6. Explore more ways to work with
developers to promote housing
construction training opportunities
homeless.
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Goal 3
Increase
homeownershi
p opportunities
for all
ethnicities.
1. Work with local banks (particularly Wells
Fargo) in expanding down payment
assistance programs for first-time home
buyers. Partner with lenders to
encourage lending to low-income first-
time homebuyers.
2. Incorporate: home ownership education,
budgeting, and home maintenance
education and skills into housing
programs.
3. Retain existing homeowners by
promoting and enhanced funding to the
City’s existing Owner-Occupied Housing
Rehabilitation Program. As well as tap
into other future housing reinvestment
programs and resources that may exist in
the region.
Goal 4
Create public
awareness of
fair housing
laws and
affordable
housing
advocacy.
1. Coordinate with the IFHMB to enhance
local outreach about the positive
impacts of affordable housing.
2. Work with IFHMB, as part of its Fair
Housing contract, to annually review and
report on apartment rental
advertisements released by private
housing companies. 2018-2019 IFHMB
report for the City noted numerous
discrimination cases.
3. Enhance local land use and zoning laws.
a. Identify priority goals and target
areas for new housing and or
housing rehab where employment
and transit opportunities exist.
4. Create regulations conducive to
affordable housing needs. Introduce
appropriate building envelope sizes for
each zoning district and be inclusive with
regards to unit size building height,
reduced parking, transit and pedestrian
connectivity.
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Goal 5
Increase
earning
capacity of
low- and
moderate-
income
residents.
1. Work with major employers to develop
incentives for new housing near their
work.
2. Improve education and provide skills
training for education, healthcare,
manufacturing and construction jobs.
a. Create partnerships with
California’s Employment
Development Department,
Workforce Development Board,
Workforce Development Aging &
Community Services, California
Building Industry Association,
Southern California Building
Association, San Bernardino Valley
College, Riverside Vocational
College, Concorde Career
College, and the Career
Technical Education.
b. Strive to collaborate with
education and vocational
institutions to provide workforce
readiness programs.
3. Work with higher education systems to
create college-readiness programs,
financing solutions and family
preservation programs for first generation
students.
4. Increase opportunities that target
“Second Chance”, persons with
disabilities, at-risk homeless individuals,
and job retraining program. Agencies
such as the Center for Employment
Opportunities, Technical Empl oyment
Training, Inc, Department of Workforce
Development Board, America’s Job
Centers of California, and San Bernardino
County Workforce Investment Board.
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E. Regional Collaboration
Many issues, such as homelessness, affordable housing, jobs-housing balance,
housing discrimination and access to services are issues that require the
collaboration between cities, the County, and nonprofit agencies throughout the
San Bernardino region. I n recent years, the City has undertaken multiple initiatives
that address housing-related issues including: owner-occupied housing rehabilitation
program, first-time homebuyers programs in coordination with Wells Fargo ,
Microenterprise Program working with small business owners, and Infill Housing
Program to provide housing for LMI families. The City annually collaborates with
Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino, Family Service Association of
Redlands, Lutheran Social Services, The Salvation Army Hospitality House and Step Up
on Second for street outreach, emergency shelter, rapid-rehousing, case
management and homeless prevention services. In addition, the City works with the
St. Bernadine’s Hospital and Community Hospital, and Dignity Health in San
Bernardino to provide homeless patients with appropriate healthcare and bridge
housing and case management services. The City collaborates annually with the
IFHMB to conduct and react to any complaints surrounding housing discrimination
and fair housing education and promotion.
Continuing these planning efforts and implementation would bridge the gap of
disparities among neighborhoods. Most of the Action Steps noted in Table 40 require
collaboration. The Public Engagement planning process for the AI and 5 -Year
Consolidated Plan was based upon positive community -wide and agency support
and participation. The City has created a solid foundation to continue work with its
area partners to create a path that initiates and completes the Plan’s action steps.
The City is collaborating with the Center for Community Investment and Dignity
Health in its Accelerating Investment for Healthy Communities initiative. The AIHC
initiative in partnership with the City and Dignity Health has as its goal to create a
minimum 800 units of affordable housing during the Con Plan planning period. The
City is also collaborating with the SB School District in its Uplift San Bernardino
initiative.
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APPENDIX A: Community Engagement Summary
A Introduction
The public participation process for the AI sought input from community members
and stakeholders. Methods included on -line and paper surveys for community
members, stakeholder interviews, community meeting s, pop-up events and focus
group meetings. The AI development engagement process took place in November,
December, and January. The process will conclude with a 30 -day public review
period and a public hearing.
B Community Meetings
Community meetings were attended by representatives of Neighborhood
Partnership Housing Services, Inc., Executive Director of Akoma Unity Center, National
CORE, Dignity Health, Accelerating Investment for Healthy Communities (AIHC),
Housing Authority County of San Bernardino, Hope Through Housing, and Executive
Director of Community Engagement for the San Bernardino City Unified School
District.
Six community engagement meetings were held:
January 21, 2020, 11 AM – 1 PM @ Rezek Center, St. Bernardine Medical
Center, 2101 N. Waterman Ave, San Bernardino
January 18, 2020 9:30 AM -11:30 AM @ Akoma Unity Center, 1367 N California
St, San Bernardino
January 22, 2020 4PM – 5PM @ Maplewood Homes, 906 Wilson St, San
Bernardino
January 23 4PM – 5PM @ Olive Meadows, 610 East Olive Street, San Bernardino
January 23, 2020 5PM – 6:30PM @ Valencia Vista, 950 N Valencia Ave, San
Bernardino
January 24, 2020 9AM – 10:30PM @ San Bernardino Valley College, 701 S Mt
Vernon Ave, San Bernardino
REOCCURRING THEMES:
There were eight re-occurring themes including: Affordable housing, target areas for
redevelopment and safety, community services needed, homeless/homeless
prevention services, infrastructure needs, City communications, jobs and
employment and crime safety.
Housing Needs:
Affordable housing
Target Areas for Redevelopment and Safety:
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9th Street and Baseline St (problems include drunk behavior, human
trafficking, cars are drag racing, traffic calming measures, poor site
distance at intersections, unsafe area for pedestrians and families.
Valencia Vista Area - homes deteriorating.
Olive Street and Valencia Ave - A stop sign or traffic calming is needed.
Southern San Bernardino. Safety concerns for young children.
Auto-shop across from Valencia homes. Shootings and drug-related activity
exist.
Base Line Street and Sierra Way. Safety concerns Sierra Way (Liquor store
area) and Base Line Street. Shootings are prevalent. Facade improvements
are needed on Baseline Street
Community Services Needed:
Youth services for at-risk youth (YMCA).
Create more low cost children’s programming such as sports.
Housing programs for special needs people particularly those with
disabilities and mental health services. AIHC ties in Housing and Health. Put
an emphasis on affordable housing, homelessness, and health because
they are all interconnected.
Veteran’s homeless assistance programs.
Work with valuable service entities including: COPE: Congregation of
Prophetic Engagement,
UPLIFT, catholic groups, the County, Dept. of Public Health, First Five, senior
advocacy groups, and neighborhood associations.
Homeless & Homeless Prevention Services:
Create jobs for homeless. Create job programing that eases them into job
responsibilities.
Create promotion and advocacy for homeless awareness
Collaborate with other communities.
Increase and expand emergency low barrier shelters.
Update and increase public housing.
Infrastructure Needs:
School safety. Hire more cross guards for schools. Increase lighting around
schools and routes to schools.
Increase streetlights and sidewalk safety. Expand the City’s sidewalk
network.
Update facilities and infrastructure to be accessible.
City Communications:
Increase City communications with regards to spending and future
Consolidated Plan projects. Particularly with community groups. I.e.
Communicate via water bills.
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Jobs & Employment:
Increase jobs, the number of businesses, and career opportunities.
Revitalize and rehabilitate the City’s Downtown Rehabilitation.
Create more social and community events.
Encouragement for small business opportunities.
Expand access to transportation– i.e. additional bus routes and stops, and
longer run times. Include service animal accessibility.
Crime & Safety:
Reduce criminal activity.
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C Stakeholder Interview Summary
Throughout the City fourteen stakeholder interviews were held with the following
entities:
Catholic Charities of San Bernardino
and Riverside Counties
Continuum of Care – San
Bernardino County
California State University – San
Bernardino
Inland Fair Housing and
Mediation Board
Hope through Housing Inland Congregations United for
Change
Omni Trans Center for Employment
Opportunities
Dignity Health National Core Renaissance
Salvation Army Mental Health Systems
Neighborhood Partnership Housing
Services, Inc.
San Bernardino Department of
Behavioral Health
The following priority issues and needs were established throughout the interview
process:
Issues Needs
Affordable Housing
Location of housing Need Affordable housing near transit lines
Occupy vacant City lots
Stock More affordable housing
Security Safe affordable housing
Alleviate Poverty Need housing for those in poverty, who include people of
color and single women.
Barriers High cost of land, construction. Lead to higher priced
housing.
Zoning regulations
Not in my backyard mentality
Lack of funding
Crime/bad reputation for City
Housing Choicer
Voucher
Long wait times
Application process Need housing navigation
Accessibility Units are not accessible
Conditions Poorly managed properties
Address absentee landlord issue
Existing units Rehabilitation of existing housing stock
Need more code enforcement
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Vital Services & Homelessness Prevention
Connect homeless
people to services
Provide outreach to those residing in bus shelters
Need Housing First/Low Barrier
Informed care
Shelters Shelters are full
Domestic Violence Need to reduce domestic violence
Homeless housing Being created, need more
Need to involve partners to be creative in finding solutions
(e.g. Amazon, Stater bros, Weingart, Union Pacific
Foundation)
Education People don’t understand homeless issues.
Need to humanize homeless persons
Youth Increase in homeless youth
Need life skills
Institution -> Housing Need assistance from institutions to permanent housing
Communication Government to Government communication is needed
Basic needs Need resource centers for homeless individuals
Police Need for education of Police Department to approach
Homeless in a productive way
Increase Family Income
Self Sufficiency Need more programs to improve self sufficiency
Need to raise family incomes
Families & Individuals in Transition
Drugs/Alcohol
Rehabilitation
Need for sober housing
Special Needs or Target Populations
Housing Need Housing for mentally ill
Discharge from
Hospitals
Those discharged from hospitals need support for follow
ups/find housing (Care coordination)
Medi-Cal does not pay very well for hospice care, which is
a big cost to hospitals
Hotel for discharge patients is ideal
Veterans need housing when homeless
St. Bernardines, through donations, provides discharges
clients new clothes, shoes
Emergency/Natural Disaster Effect Vulnerable Populations
Transit Summer/Winter conditions, heavy rains affect riders
waiting for transit
Heat Hospitals used as cooling centers; people can stay inside if
they “say the right things”
Energy People with disabilities (home dialysis)
Warming shelters shut off
Homelessness Homeless persons are at risk during natural disaster
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Those living by the Wash most susceptible
Winter Winter increases the number of vulnerable homeless
persons
Need low barrier shelters during this time
Fires Not enough shelter for those whose houses burn, will likely
make people homeless
Crime Low/Mod families vulnerable to crime, a lot in SB
One-car households are vulnerable, especially if one
family member is at work while an emergency happens.
Employment and Workforce Development
Homeless Employment training for homeless individuals. A new
temporary employment agency will be opening in the City
with a focus on employment for homeless persons) talk to
Jennifer Kawar with the NPFF.
Low wages make it difficult for people to move up
No vocational funding for those with criminal backgrounds
Fair Housing
Education Need education on fair housing rights for tenants and
landlords
Discrimination Discrimination on basis of familial status, voucher status,
disability, race
Criminal background checks can cause people to think
they’ve been denied
Landlords may deny those with criminal background
reentering
Target Areas
Arrowhead Grove Community
Waterman and Baseline (Crime is happening in this area)
Future CDBG Expenditures
Homeless Interventions Using abandoned Motels/hotels for affordable housing
Focus on specific homeless subpopulations
Housing Asset mapping
Gap analysis
Rehabilitation
Social services
Invest in coordination between agencies
Funding to rehabilitate homeless individuals who are
discharged from hospitals (Dignity Health) (ESG funding)
Homeless resource centers (one-stop) (ESG funding)
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Broadband
Access to housing
applications
HACSB has application online, people should be able to
access internet
Workforce People need internet to apply for jobs
Homeless
Services/Welfare Access
People don’t have access to broadband
Need tech literacy/digital equity
Libraries have computer but limited hours
Need computer labs for those that don’t have internet at
home/no home
Homeless persons need tech help/literacy
D Pop Up Events
Four Pop-Up events were attended including a local football game, San Bernardino
Fest 2019 Airshow, Housing Authority County of San Bernardino, and City of San
Bernardino Winter Wonderland. Common themes derived from the events include:
o What are the most critical economic development initiatives needed?
o Job creation
o Job generating businesses
o What are the most important areas of need?
o Affordable housing for the homeless
o Services for the homeless
o What is the most critical homelessness needed?
o Transitional housing
o Emergency shelters
o What are the most critical community services?
o Youth activities and children after school
o Youth summer programs
o What is the most critical infrastructure needed?
o Repaving of streets
o Street lighting
o What is the most critical housing needed?
o First-time homebuyer’s assistance
o Construction of new affordable units and housing for larger families
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0 20 40 60 80
Job creation/job generating…
Job readiness programs
College readiness programs
Grants/loans to small…
Counseling/training for…
Other
0 20 40 60 80 100
Services for the homeless
Affordable housing
Economic development
Youth issues
Infrastructure E.g) sidewalks…
Senior issues
HIV/AIDs housing
Other
0 10 20 30 40 50
Youth centers
Parks and recreational facilities
Libraries
Community centers
Childcare centers
Healthcare facilities
Firestations and equipment
Senior centers
Other
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Transitional housing
Emergency/overnight shelters
Permanent supportive housing
with social services
One-time rent/utility payments
Other
What is the most critical
economic development need
in San Bernardino?
What are areas of need most
important to you?
What is the most critical
community facility needs?
What are the most critical
homelessness needs?
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Youth amenities (activities?)
Children after school/summer…
Programs for at-risk youth
Childcare services
Senior activites
Other
0 20 40 60 80 100
Street/alley…
Street lighting
Tree planting and urban…
Safe routes to school
Accessibility improvements…
Graffiti removal
Water/sewage improvements
Broadband internet access
Electric vehicle charging station
Other
0 20 40 60 80
First-time homebuyer stance
Constructon of new affordable…
Housing for large families
Accessibility improvements
Housing for those with…
Renter-occupied housing…
Senior housing
Owner-occupied housing…
Other
What are the most critical
community services needed?
What are the most critical
community infrastructure
needs?
What are the most critical
housing needs?
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E Housing Summit
The City hosted a Housing Summit on Thursday, February 6 th , 2020 at the Arrowhead
Country Club located at 3433 Parkside Drive in San Bernardino from 8:00 AM to 12:00
PM. A Housing Summary Package was prepared and is attached to this Appendix
and includes the event’s promotional flyer, agenda, sign -in, and speaker
presentation.
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Housing Summit Notes:
General Questions/Comments/Concerns:
How can you entice affordable housing?
o Clemente Mojica: For single-fam development lower, it means to lower
impact fees and streamline the development process
Think about all the overlays, NIMBYYS, subsidies, tax credits – it will
help to lower impact fees and streamline approval process
o Greg Bradbard: Agrees. Also, National Core Renaissance are a mission
driven. Its about making the numbers work. We want affordable housing,
but is there land and additional dollars with that?
Developer-side: could be more incentives, higher density,
encourages density and affordable units
Melia Lopez (president of neighborhood associations)
o To Tina Roseberry: organization during the survey and organization
outreach
Need to include Neighborhood Associations on the slide
Important to be at the table because there’s a big disconnect
b/w policy makers, organizations, agencies
We strongly encourage to be included, they are an investor as
well and live in San Bernardino
o To panel: If you are having coalition to anything, the neighborhood
associations need to be involved on the table and beyond Commission
Need to be creative and get the community involved
Purpose
Inform area agencies on current
priority issues and solutions to
housing and homeless
1.Homeless prevention
2.Fair housing law and
discrimination
3.Planning for affordable
housing
4.Workforce development
Keynote Speakers
1.Michael Huntley, City of San
Bernardino
2.Eddie Estrada, Inland Empire
Housing First Program
3.Clemente Arturo Mojica, NPHS,
Inc.
4.Sarah Glenn-Leistikow, Center
for Employment Opportunities
5.Sandra Espadas, Hope Through
Housing
6.Kathleen McDonnel, Dignity
Health
7.Greg Bradbard, Hope Through
Housing Foundation
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These things impact them
o Kristine Gaa responded: They provide wealth and feedback especially
in the Consolidated Plan. The City cares what they have to say. If
anyone has questions, please reach out.
Community Education Partnership - Comment to throw on the table: geared
to add ideas to the ConPlan
o Want to look at what is happening around the entire world. San
Bernardino has the chance to be a model. Governor came down t o talk
about homeless, addition to the plan to turn hotels to affordable
housing, opportunity zones are important to look at San Bernardino is an
opportunity zone
Wells Fargo
o Lot about community living spaces: WeWork
Using it as community living and spaces – smaller dwellings in max
square footage
Development cost: have people looked into it? Does it seem
attractive? Will it help with affordability?
Clemente Mojica: working on strategic corporations. Smaller
homes and are shared, an area that we need to look at,
getting those products off the ground in cities where
approval process is counter intuitive so it is difficult and may
be difficult. So collaborative with Sandra + Kathleen, when
you pipeline a project you identify the choke points. Gaps in
policies and financing and community engagement. Need
to do a better job with engaging the community and make
sure you’re building what the community wants. Community
= shareholders
Gloria Maya: To Core Housing
o How do you account for constant and repetitive actions for resident
harassment to their residents?
Greg Bradbard: Firstly, we should have a conversation offline. But
in general, that does not align with their mission and values. They
do have 25,000 residents so we do have times when residents
don’t agree, and they do manage properties. Those issues do
come up. I want to know.
Question: Federal Government involvement with local leaders
o Lots of opposition b/w local leaders and government
“Housing First”
Eddie Estrada – “Housing First” is a big paradigm shift from what
social service providers used to provide, not only to the city but to
the county. We believe it works and there are challenges. There
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are lot of homeless people with a lot of barriers that they need to
reduce.
o What do they see the resistance is? Is it negative or beneficial?
Eddie Estrada – Explains “Housing First” model. There is something
with HUD to put restrictions with “Housing First”. They tend not to
allow service providers to receive HUD money. To be able to put
some restrictions to address the pipeline.
o To Dignity Health: Most vulnerable population to disease and epidemics,
especially now, that could eventually affect the general public
Kathleen McDonnel – we serve everyone who comes in. They are
treated.
o What does Dignity Health plan to do to help?
Hospital does not sweep out encampments. There are colleagues
that do ministries where they go to the streets and tend to those
who live there. But Dignity Health does not do that.
Council Member answers – disconnect b/w local decision making
and local community members. Heard several comments. We
need more homeownership and don’t want apartments. Heard
about discussion about increase density. That strikes fear into
homeowners and decision makers. Decision makers are elected
officials. We need to have multi family dwellings. There needs to
be good location for it and not just in a single -family home area.
There’s an appropriate place for it – if there are no apartments,
then you lose most families.
Elected Leader (second ward) and works for non -profit that encourage
housing: talking about waiving city fees when it comes to development, how
does waiving these fees benefit the community? It benefits the developer but
how does it benefit the community?
Clemente Mojica: As an affordable housing developer, we are
mission driven. We are not making a lot of money. It’s not market
based. When we build affordable housing as a non -profit, how
much can we recoup while still offering a home that is very
affordable to low-income families? Factor built housing costs less.
20-25% less development construction cycle. The community will
benefit. Families were at 80% AMI, got her into the home. None of
the fees were waived. Appraises just like a site -built home.
Eddie Estrada: as a homeless service provider. Think about how it
helps the individual get into housing. Think of how much it costs as
a city for emergency services, police cars, and ambulances. This is
a hidden cost when you don’t think see that.
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Sandra Glenn-Leistikow: part of the work is understanding the
return of investment to see. People react to numbers. How does
that stabilization bring to the community? AIHC that is what
they’re aiming for.
Ayako: affordable housing is built, either owner or renter is paying no 1/3 of
gross monthly income, they have more disposable income. Pay these sales
taxes. Encourage the City to talk about why affordable housing and more
density is important? Rather than get votes. You need density. Don’t have a
car but that means to build higher density. Need lower site setbacks, need
lower square footage, lower minimums as well as apartments. Utilities are
expensive. Building and safety need to take this into consideration that
heightens the cost of construction.
Because cost of construction is so high, what can you do to get the cost of
construction down? Too risky for smaller developers to use smaller housing
costs, what can we do to accelerate adopting technologies?
Greg Brand Bard: making sure there aren’t regulation that don’t
prohibit us with traditional funding streams. They don’t necessarily
align. Dormitory type style housing could produce more housing
but that doesn’t align with tax-credit funding.
[Maria Gallegos] closing remarks
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F Community Needs Survey
The City prepared a Community Needs Survey in both English and Spanish and
provided online links and paper copies for distribution. The survey was promoted at
scheduled project community meetings, Housing Summit, and pop -up events. The
survey link was posted on the City’s website, stakeholder newsletters, social media
posts and on flyers distributed at community events. The survey period was from
December 9, 2019 to February 29, 2020. The City received approximately 1,011
responses. Included in this summary are the survey informational flyer and online
survey summary.
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Key Findings of the Survey
1,011 Online and Paper responses to online survey.
Response information:
91% English
88% residents
55% homeowners
40 percent renters
58% 10 or more years living in the City
18% less than 10 years
Identified needs in priority order:
1) Housing
Most critical housing needs:
1. First time homebuyer program
2. Construct more affordable rental housing
3. Renter-occupied housing rehabilitation
4. Accessibility improvements
2) Homeless
Most critical homelessness needs:
1. Permanent supportive housing
2. Emergency overnight shelters
3. One-time rent/utility payment assistance
4. Transitional housing
3) Community services
Most critical community services needs:
1. Programs for at-risk youth
2. Children’s after school/summer care
3. Youth activities
4) Economic development
Most critical economic development needs:
1. Job creation
2. College readiness programs
3. Job readiness programs
4. Grants and loans to small businesses
Complete survey summaries are provided below in both English and Spanish.
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Index of Tables, Figures, Graphs, and Maps
Table 1: Population Increase ......................................................................................................... 15
Table 2: Race and Ethnicity ........................................................................................................... 18
Table 3: Languages Spoken at Home .......................................................................................... 19
Table 4: Index of Dissimilarity .......................................................................................................... 20
Table 5: Housing Types ................................................................................................................... 24
Table 6: Housing Tenure ................................................................................................................. 25
Table 7: Persons with Disabilities .................................................................................................... 26
Table 8: Large Households ............................................................................................................. 27
Table 9: Single-Parent Households ................................................................................................ 28
Table 10: Vacant Units and Vacancy Rates ................................................................................ 30
Table 11: Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined .............................................................. 31
Table 12: Affordability Rent and Mortgage Combined .............................................................. 31
Table 13: Median Home Purchase Price ...................................................................................... 32
Table 14: Rental Housing Cost ....................................................................................................... 33
Table 15: County Fair Market Rents ............................................................................................... 33
Table 16: Income Distribution Overview ....................................................................................... 34
Table 17: Housing Cost Burden Overview ..................................................................................... 34
Table 18: Median Household Income by Race ........................................................................... 35
Table 19: HUD Median Income Limits............................................................................................ 36
Table 20: Employment Status ......................................................................................................... 38
Table 21: Workforce by Industry .................................................................................................... 39
Table 22: Homeless Count ............................................................................................................. 40
Table 23: Homeless Populations .................................................................................................... 41
Table 24: Disposition of Home Loans ............................................................................................. 47
Table 25: Mortgage Approvals by Race/Ethnicity....................................................................... 48
Table 26: Loan Type by Race ........................................................................................................ 49
Table 27: Denials ............................................................................................................................. 49
Table 28: Top Lenders ..................................................................................................................... 50
Table 29: Land Use and Zoning ..................................................................................................... 52
Table 30: Units Per Property ............................................................................................................ 53
Tabl e 31:Housing Types by Zone ................................................................................................... 54
Table 32: Parking Requirements .................................................................................................... 55
Table 33: Discriminatory Language in For-Sale Homes Listings ................................................... 58
Table 34: Discriminatory Language in Rental Listings .................................................................. 61
Table 35: HUD Fair Housing Complaints ........................................................................................ 63
Table 36: DFEH Basis for Complaint ............................................................................................... 64
Table 37: IFHMB Persons Served 2018 -2019 ................................................................................... 65
Table 38: Hate Crimes Reported ................................................................................................... 66
Table 39: Crime in the City of San Bernardino.............................................................................. 66
Table 40: Contributing Factors to Fair Housing Issues .................................................................. 75
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
Page 98 of 53
Figure 1: Key Takeaways Community Survey ...................................................................................... 10
Figure 2: Key Takeaways Critical Needs ............................................................................................... 11
Figure 3: Key Takeaways Vulnerable Residents .................................................................................. 14
Figure 4: Age Distribution ......................................................................................................................... 16
Graph 1: Age Distribution in San Bernardino City ............................................................................... 17
Graph 2: Housing Stock by Year Built .................................................................................................... 30
Map 1: Minority Concentration .............................................................................................................. 22
Map 2: Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty ........................................................ 23
Map 3: Areas of Low- and Moderate-Income .................................................................................... 37
2020 City of San Bernardino – Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice
Page 99 of 53
Activity CDBG Requested ESG HOME NSP1
2020 Grant Fund Allocation 3,405,816$ 295,799$ 1,404,784$ 360,000$
Program Income and Reprogrammed Funds 817,368$ 1,935,694$ -$
Available Funds 4,223,184$ 295,799$ 3,340,478$ 360,000$
Administration (maximum available)681,163$ 22,185$ 140,478$ 60,000$
Section 108 Repayment 763,021$
Micro-enterprise 35,000$
Fair Housing (IFHMB)73,000$
Citywide Concrete Repairs 500,000$
Affordable Rental Housing Project (New Construction or Rehabilitation)500,000$ -$
Infill Housing 700,000$ -$
Seccombe Park Housing Project 1,789,282$ -$
Eastpointe Intentional Housing - Homeownership 300,000$
First Time Homeownership - CHDO 15% Set-Aside1 210,718$ -$
Total Requested 2,052,184$
Public Facilities Projects
Meadowbrook Park 253,000$
Nicholson Park 1,000,000$
Anne Shirrel Park 253,000$
Encanto Community Center - Phase I 665,000$
Public Facilities Projects Total 2,171,000$ -$ -$ -$
Lutheran Social Services (LSS)70,000$
Community Action Partnership (CAPS)54,446$ -$ -$
Family Services Association (FSA)63,000$
Step Up on Second 86,168$
The Salvation Army -$
Total Requested 4,223,184$ 295,799$ 3,340,478$ 360,000$
1Community Housing Development Organization (CHDO) set-aside as required by HOME regulations.
Exhibit B
FISCAL YEAR 2020-2021 ACTION PLAN ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS