Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutR03-Redevelopment Agency '"'' "jll I . . R~T AGENCYe~EST FOR cO..ISSION/COUNCIL AcQc. From: Glenda Saul. Executive Director Subject: ENTERPRISE ZONE Dept: Redevelopment Agency Date: February 21. 1985 Synopsis of Previous Commission/Council action: NONE Recommended motion: KAY<Il. AND COUNCIL ACTION COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION ACTION a. Move that the City apply under AS 40 and direct staff to prepare necessary docwaentB for final approval. b. Move approval of the boundaries for the Enterprise Zone Be proposed by etaff. c. Move approval of boundaries for the commercial and industrial areas within the Enterprise Zone. d. Refer the matter of local incentives to Legielative Review and Ways and Means Committee. e. Authorize etaff Impact Report. FUNDING REQUIREMENTS: Amount: $ N/A Signature Phone: 383-5081 Ward: 1.2.3.6 N/A Project: March 19. 1985 Date: GLENDA SAUL Contact person: Supporting data attached: YES No adverse Impact on City: Council Notes: 810J/OJ Agenda Item No, '7 " ~ " r-. I . S:ATf ~AtIJOPNIA-BU~""'ES~. TRANS'OR1AtlON AND HcOa AGfNCY o GlORGE DfUl.MfJIAN. ",0 ..1. DEPARTMENT OF~ONOMIC AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 1030 13th 51RH1. SUITE 200 . SACRAMEN10, CALIFORNIA 95814 ~ DEPARMNT 0( ECIONClOII C AND BUS I NESS DEYELOf'IoENT ENTERPRISE ZONE LEGISLATION CHAPTER 44 11\8 5141 AND OlAPTER 45 lAB 40' STATUTES Of 1984 '. ITEM Chep"t.r 45 - 1\8 40 .. OIf1nltlon o EnterprIse Zon. TI....fr.ooe OIslgn.tlons established for f Iftoen ,..r per lod. Number DEBO ..y des I gn.... not '""'" thin iO.n"t.rpr,.. iones. of "lllch noteore tnen 2 ..y lot .... ,,-" d9slgn.ted .s ~I'lah"'chnology enterpr'.. '~s. ", "L . ' SpecIfic Crlterl. Enterprl.. IOfteI .. f"';nd' 40 be a .depr....d .r... such th.t the deslgn.- .-tlon .s .n en"t.rprlse zone Is ...,~~.ry In order to .sslst ln .ttr.ctlng prIvate *tor 'n..;;..~t ,,,. the ' ....... Appllc.tlon prIorIty given ~ .ppllc.tlons whIch: " - propose the eost .ffectlv. comprehensive and Innovltl.e regul.tory tax progr.. .nd other incentIves In .ttr.ctlng pr Iv.te ..ctor InvesfMnt - gre."t.st IIk.llhood of being des I gn."t.d . f~der.1 zone . . Chep"t.r 44 - AB 514 o N.lghborhood Econ..lc OI..I_nt Areas lNED'sl o T.rge"t.d Econ..lc OI..lop....nt Are.s ITED's' An .re. MY be deslg~~"d . TED without concurrant deslgn.tl~ .s . NED; how- ev.r, .ny NED .ust .Iso;be deslgn.ted . TED. Deslgn.tlons .st.bllshed for fl..-y..r perIod which Is re...v.bl. for two flve- y..r perIods for . ....tel ot 15 ,..r.. DEBD ,",y deslgn."t. not .,re th.n 9 TEDi. .nd Nliiis. The.. .reas wIll be ph...eI:- I n-6...per ye.r oyor . tti..-ye.r period! NED's: - wIthIn hl~h densIty un..ploy..nt .r.,. - primary UII Is _rcl.1 ,. - bounder!.~' ~tln~us - .ufflclent .Iz. to sup~rt . dlv.rse .,X" of bust..s_s ~,' . :'" . ~ 5'.rt of ..... .""11 be !!f Jurlscflctlon of .pp II cent . - not:..n .g/'lcultur.1 ..... - restrlctlO!' on. ~... of ""sldentl.1 . . ,. " . ~ . .a1'rllctur.. ;; , _ fi.~ ..' Tm'sl ...... r\"'. - ..ybe withIn hIgh densIty I!ft",ploy-... _nt .r.. or .h.1I be wIthin coaIIvtlng : - dl.tence - 'prleery use Is IndustrIal or other COlIOIIrc Ie I - boundertes continuous , ,. '. ,. o ITEM r.der.1 OIsl gnetlons Crl"t.rl. for OIslgn.tlon Gon.r.1 Progr.. o Ch.p"t.r 15 - AB 10 Prcwldes th.t .ny c1eslgnetlon of . progr.. ..... s"'ll be _d .pproprl."t. stete deslgn.tlon of .n ..... of pur- pos.s of qu.llfylng the .r.. es an .n"t.rpr II. zone under federal I... In deslgn.tlng .re.s, DEBD ....11 ..I.ct fr.. _g those .ppllcatlons whIch. .... the .rlent posslbl., _t the followIng crlterl.1 111 IndIcate the eost .ff.c- tlve .nd cooaprehenslve ...gul......" tex, progr.' .nd other In;tlv.s for .ttr.ctlng prly.te ..c..... Invest.nt 121 IndIcate the eost Innova- tlv. .pprOlch In ...tlng SlId IncentIves 131 off.r the sr.."t.st likeli- hood of beIng deslgn."t.d .s f.der.' .nterprls. zon.s 141 confores .... UDAG crl"t.rl. or the .r.. of the zone ...s .xp.rl.nced pl.nt closur.s wIthIn the pest two y..rs .ff.ctlng eor. th.n I DO workers DEBD ....1 II - deslgn."t. .nterprlse zones - desIgn. develop .nd ..k. .v.ll.bl. the IPpllc.tlons .nd the crlterl. for sel.c- tlon of progr.. ...... .nd sh.11 .dopt the ftlcess.ry regu I.tlons .... carry out the.. r.qulrenents -2- "III ,., o o C"'pter 44 - AB "4 ProvIdes th.t any desl,,".tlon of . progr.. ..... .hell be __d IPproprl."t. sta"t. deslgn.tlon Df .n .re. ..... pur- poses of quellfylng the .re. .s .n .n"t.rpr lse zone under f.cIer.1 I... In coapetltlv.ly ev.lu.tlng appllc.tlons for progr.. c1eslgnetlon, DEBD s"'" glv. p...f....nce .... .ppllc.tlons whIch Include: III the strongest .nd hIghest quellty oontr Ibutlons, .nd 121 pro.lde . local pl.n for reducIng I_dl..nts .... _...Ic devel_nt .nd ..Intalnlng the qu.llty of life for the _unIty, IncludIng: - . p'.n .... .ncourege the ...tentlon .nd .xp.nslon of .xlstlng buslne'Ms - . str.tegy for the recrult.nt of _ busln.ss Into the pro",.. ..... - . ....llstlc proJection of _ Job opportunItIes th.t .r. sult.bl. to the needs of progre. ..... resIdents - . pl.n .... Improve CDlIIIIunlty ser"V I ces - . pl.n .... provIde Insur.nce .nd . loon bank or fund for quellfl.d busln.s..s In the progro. ..... - . pl.n ..... reh.blllta"t. existing abandoned siructures DEBO shell: - deslgn.te TED's .nd NED's - IdentIfy hIgh densIty unemployooent ...... In e st.te.lde ..p .nd dlstrlb- u"t. .... countl.s - desIgn, de.. lop ..nd ..k. av.lI.bl. the .ppllcatlons, the crlterl. for III.c- tlon .nd .11 ..gul.tlons o o ITEM Chepter 45 - AS 40 LOCI I Entltl.s Indlvldu.ls relldlng withIn .n .nterprlse zon.~.stebIISh . non-proflt NeIghborhood EnterprIse AssocIation Corpor.tlon for the purpose of provIdIng technlce' end fln.ncl.1 esslstanCl to prlv."t.sector Investors wIth- In en .nterp~t.. zone. The Incorpor.tlng resIdents sh.11 draft ertlcles of Incor- por.tlon and byl.ws for . 1lOIl- profIt corpor.tlon whIch Ih.11 provIde the followlngl III descrIbe the geogr.phlc neIghborhood .re. .... whIch the Incorpor.tlng .ssocl.- tlon eppll.s 121 descrIbe the ..nner In whIch e eemberlhlp Inter- ast In th.t corpor.tlon she II be off.red .... each resIdent 131 conteln provisIons for the ...ndoent of the .rtlcl.s .nd byl.ws by a ..Jorlty of .lIbers 141 .uthorlze the corpor.tlon .... engage In busIness only wIthIn the pertlcul.r zone In whIch the neIghborhood .re. of the corpor.tlon Is loco"t.d The Incorpor.tlng ...sld.nts lhell send.... .11 eligIble resIdents of the corporetlon'l ...1 ghborhood ..... each of the followIng, III .n .xplan.tlon of the pr.... posed new corpor.tlon .nd theIr rIghts 121 . copy of the corpor.te ertlcl.. .nd byl.ws 1" en offer of . ..bershlp In"t....st .... whIch ..ch pertlcul.r resIdent Is entltl.d -)- ,m ... .. o o Chepter 44 - AS 514 The p...pose of the C-Un I ty AIIv tsor, Council Is .... allow _unIty Involve- _nt In the progre.. The _rs of ...he CouncIl shell be appoln"t.d by the loc.1 govern I ng body .nd ahe II -.slst of .t I.ast one reDr...nt.tlve fr... cSof the followIng sroups: III progr.. .r.. resIdents 121 hIgh densIty _Io_nt ere. resIdents 131 buslnes..s 141 local gover....n... repr.sentatlves 151 prlwa"t. Industry council _rs 161 dep.rteent officI. Is, when IlICIssery 171 urben end rur.1 devel_nt corpor.- tlons 181 =-unlty-t>.sed orgonlzetlons The AdvIsory Council shelll III _.t et la.st onOl . eonth during the f.....ul.tlon of the ooapr.henslve econ...lc develop_nt pl.n for the appllcetlon 121 ..t It I.ast onOl .very thr_ eonth. throughout the durltlon of the progr.. .... eon I tor the progr.ss of the progr.. .nd to..ld .nd .sslst the .gent wIth pl.n 11Ip1_ntatlon 1" Inltlote or coordln.te ooaaunlty progr..s whIch ..y Include progr... provIdIng the following: - n.lghborhood al_ pr.ventlon - r.ae.tlon - he. I th cere - senior cltlz.ns outrltlon - chIld cere - Job tr.lnlng o ITEM o Chep"t.r 45 - AS 40 Loc.1 Entltl.s - tontd. The _rd of dIrectors of the corporltlon lhell eppl, .... the, Secretary of Sta"t. for CIIrtl- flc.tlon of Its .~tlcl.s of Inc:or-por.tlon. The Secr.tary of stete shell pr"Dvlde "t.chnlc.1 ...Istenoe .... zone ~.sldents .t1weptlng.... . Inc:or-por."t.. Mester Envlronll8ntel IIlJ'.ct Sts_nt Subsldlz.d Le.slng Any cIty, county, or cIty end county whIch propous the deslgn.tlon of en .re. wIthIn Its JurisdIctIon es en .n1er- prl.. zone shell, followIng the Dep.rteent's deslgn.tlon Df thet .rel es en .n"t.~prl.. zon., develop an .nvlr_ntel I.p.ct repo~t which sets forth the potentl.1 .nvl~onll8nt.1 lap.cts of .ny end .11 dev.l- opll8nts wIthIn the .nterprlse Zone. TM envlron.nt.t lep.ct report shell _t the r.qul~_nts of the Cellfornh Envlr_ntel Qu.llty Act, .nd 80 further .nvlron_nt.1 IIIIp.ct report she II be r.qul~.d for any oth.r project within the .nterprlse zon., If the OIp.rteent deteraln.s th.t the .ff.cts of the prDject w.re .Itlgated as . result of the ErR or the ErR .n.bl.s Iltlgstlon wIth revisIon or other condItIons of the specIfIc sl"t.s. All property own.d by the state or loce I governll8nt wIthIn the neIghborhood .re. of . oertlf I.d corpor.tlon whIch I. not In curr.nt u.. .nd Is IIOt nece...ry for . purpose of the state or loca I elllncy ownIng the pr_rty, uy be I....d .... the oorpor.- tlon It 1e..... .... be speclfl.d. ThIs I.... .gr_nt sh.1I -4- ... .. o o Chep"t.r 44 - AS 514 Any cIty, county, or cIty .nd county lhell, followIng the OIp.rteent'. des Ignition of thet .re. .s e TED, develop en .nvlr_nt.1 IIIp.ct report whIch sets forth the potentlel .nvlr_nt.1 IIp.cts of .ny .nd .11 .velopeent wIthIn the en"t.rprl.. zone. The .nvlr_ntel ".p.ct report shell _t the requlr_nts of the Cellfornl. Envlron.nt.1 Qu.llty Act, .nd 110 further .nvlron.nta I IIIP.ct report shell be required for .ny other project, If the OIp.rteent c1e"t.noln.s th.t the .ff.cts of the project wer. Iltlgoted IS . result of the ErR or the EIR .n.blas Iltlg.tlon wIth revIsIon or other condItions of the specifIc sIte. . Notwlthst.ndlng .ny other provIsIon of I.w, ste"t. .nd local .gencl.s er. .uthorlz.d 10 I.... I.nd 10 qu.llfl.d busln.s..s In . TED or NED .t . prlc. below f.lr ..rk.t niue, provIded It ..rves . publiC purpo.. .... I.... .t below blr ..rk.t ..IUI. These provisIons confore .... lJUldelln.s for the ..I. of public I.nd purchos.d wIth F.der.1 funds c ITEM Subsldlz.d L..slng - Contd. Seell BusIness Loon Preference En.rgy Loon Pr.f.r.nce T.rgeted Industrl.1 OIvelop..nt Bonds o Chap"t.r 45 - AS 40 per.1t the __.......tlon 10 aub- I.... Dr ..sIgn Its le.se-hold Inter.st 10 prlv.te entltl.s conductIng or Intending .... conduct busIness oper.tlons withIn the zone. These proylslon. confor. .... guIdelines for the s.l. of publIc I.od purch...d wIth Feder. I f...ds. NotwIthstandIng .ny other proyl.lon of I.w, -the Office of Seall Busl..... OIv.l_nt 10SBlll shell .stebllsh r.gul.tlons for loons and loon gu.r.ntees .delnlstered by the offIce whIch glv. hIgh prIorI- ty to qu.llfl.d busln.s..s In a TED, NED, or .n"t.rprls. zo..., but only If the own.rs of the buslne...s .re r.sldents of . hIgh den.lty unemploy..nt area or enter- prl.. zone Dr the busln.ss Is . joInt ..ntur. between r.sldents of the hIgh c1enslty un_loy_nt ..... .nd an .xl.tlng busIness. Notwlthstendlng specifIed .xlstlng I.., . hIgh prIorIty In r.nklog loon eppllc.tlons by the Stete Asslstence Fund for Energy, Collfornla Busl...ss .nd OIv.lop..nt Corpor.tlon, she II be glv.n .... qualIfIed busln.s..s purch.slng or provIdIng alternat'v. energy system~. NotwIthstandIng exIstIng I.w, the Collfornla Industrl.1 Develop_nt FInancIng Adylsory CaInIlsslon shell .uthorlz. .n .nnu.1 _xh.ue Z;,ft+ of ;;;1- Ifylng bonds 0 5.llllon Th I s .uthor tz.tlon sh.11 be -5- 1111 I 'I L " o o Chep"t.r 44 - AS 514 NotwIthstandIng .ny other provisIon of I.w, the Office of Seell Business OIv.l_nt IOSBOI shell .stebllsh regu- lotIons for loons 8nd loon gu.r.ntoes ....Inls"t.red by the office which glv. hIgh prIorIty 10 quallfl.d bu.l...s..s In a TED, NED, or enterprl.. zone, but only If the own.r. of the buslnes..s are r.sldents of a hIgh densIty. ......ployeent .r.. or .nterprl.. zone or -the busIness I. a joInt venture betw..n ....Idents of the hIgh den.lty ....lIIPloy_nt are. and .n exIsting busl..s.. Notwlthstendlng speclfl.d .xl.tlng I.w, . hIgh prIorIty In r.nklng loon .ppllc.- tlons by the Sta"t. As.lstence Fund for En.rgy. Cellfornl. Busl..ss .nd Dev.lap- _nt Corpor.tlon, shell be gIven .... qu.IHI.d buslne...s purchasIng or provIdIng .Itern.tlve ....rgy systems. Notwlth.t.ndlng .xlstlng I.., the Collfornl. Industrl.1 OIvelop..nt Fln.nclng AdvIsory Coealsslon shell authorize en annual ..~I.u. -.aunt of q.uallfylng bonds of t[75.11 IIc!ib This .uthorlzetlon ahell be u..d fqr provId- Ing funds.... busl......s In thIs bIll or eny other .n"t.rprl.. zone. . o ITEM T.rgeted Industrl.' OIv.lop_n' Bonds - Contd. T~.lnlng Pr.f.r.nce Crlmln.I JustIce Progr.. Pr.f....nce St.te Contr.ct Preference o Chepter 45 - 1\8 40 used for provIding funds .... buslne.ses In thIs bIll or .ny other enterprIse zone. Notolth.t.ndlng other proyl- slons of I.., [DO .nd SDE .h.11 give high prIorIty .... tr.lnlng unecploy.d Indlvldu- els who ...slde In hIgh c1enslty unetlploy_nt .rel. Notolthstandlng eny other provIsIon of I.., the Office of CrI.ln.1 Justice PI.nnlng sh.11 gIve hIgh prIority .... p~ogr.a .reas In the .1 I ocetl on of Its prove. resourees. Whenever the state pr.p....s .n Invlt.tlon for bId for e contr.ct for goods In ~xces. of 5100,000, the .tete sh.1I ew.rd speclfl.d pr.f.r.nces to busIness blddrrs ope~.tlng In hIgh densIty uneooployaent arees tJI'" .n....rprlse zone. The ..xlau. pref.rence . bIdder ..y be ewarded would be no eore th.n 15S. The OIp.rt.int of Genere' Se~vlces, In cooper.tlon wIth the Ellployaent OIvelopaent OIp.rt.int, the OIp.r_nt of Indu.trl.1 Rel.tlona, the OffIce of PI.nnlng .nd . Research. end under tfw dl rec- tlon of the St."t. end Cons.....r ServIces Agency, .hell .dopt the .pproprl.te rul.s, ~.gul.tlons .nd guIdelInes to lapl_nt the.. proylslons. In .ddltlon, the sta"t. bIdder pref.r.nce IOU I d be e,,"t.nded to worhltes wIthIn .......utlng dIstance of . dl.tressed ...... -6- . m .._.. , o o Chep"t.r 44 - A8 514 Notolthstendlng other provisIon. of ..., EOO end SDE .h.11 glv. hIgh prIority to tr.lnlng un_loyed lndlvldu.lswho ,... sIde In hIgh c1en.lty _Ioyaent ...... Notolthst.ndlng .ny crther provIsIon of I.w, the OffIce of Crlaln.1 Ju.tlce PI.nnlng shell gIve hIgh priorIty to progr.. .....s In the elloc.tlon of Its prOF.. resources. Whenever the state pr.pa...s en InvIta- tIon for bId for e OOIltr.ct for goods In IXceSS of 5100,000, the state shell ...rd speclfl.d pref.rences to busIness bIdder. ope~.tlng In hIgh densIty -- ployaent ....as or enterprIse zone. The .."Iaua pr.ference . bIdder aey be .w.rded would be no eor. than 15S. The Depar_nt of Gener.1 Se~Ylces, In cooper.tlon wIth the Ellployaent OIvel- o_nt OIp.rtaent, the OIp.rtaent of Industrial R.I.tlons, the Office of Planning end R....rch. .nd under 1he direction of the Sta"t. .nd Con......r ServIces Agency. sh.1I .dopt the .ppro- prl.te rul.s, regul.tlons .nd guIde- lines.... 11Ip1.aent the.. provisIons. In .ddltlon, the st.te bIdder pr.f.r.nce would be e"tended .... worbltes wIthIn cOIIOIutlng distance of e dl.tr.s..d .re.. .. o ITDI BusIness T.. CredIt - EIop loyer ".ges BusIness Te. Cr.dlt - Sales Ta. Inves_nt Incoee ExclusIon o Chepter 45 - AS 40 Allows. te. credIt for qua 11- fl.d .eges paId.... speclfl.d dlsadv.nt.gad Indlvldu.ls who .r. htr-ed .... __k In an .nter- prlse zone. The credIt would be: - 5llJ of .agas In the 1st re.r - 40J of w.ges In the 2nd rear - 30S of .agas In the 3rd re.r - 20J of ..gas In the 4th ,.ar - 10J of .agas In the 5th ,..r The ....tel credIt would not ......d 150J of the alnlallll ..ga for eny .., loyee. The credIt would be In lI.u of the terga"t.d Job. credIt, and wagas upon whIch the cr.dlt Is b.sed cou I d not be deduc"t.d e. . busIness _nse. The .tete t.x credl tis.... be r.duced by .ny ccep.rebl. feder.1 credIt so th.t the stete .nd feder.1 cred I t. do not ......d the ebove lIalts. The credIts ..y be cerrl.d forw.rd .... the longer of 15 y..rs or the length of the enterprIse zone's desIgnatIon. Not speclfl.d. ~pts fr.. gross InCOlOl of a ta"".y.r any InCOlOl c1er I ved fr.. en Invest.lnt In . devel- op_nt or project loco"t.d .Ithln .n .nterprlse zone. Te""ayer .doe. not Include the ectual c1evelopor or op.r.tor of the devel_nts or projects. -7- 1..111 11.11 I' o o Chlp"t.r 44 - AS 514 Allow. . 1'1. credIt for hIrIng u_loyed r..ldents of hlllh den.lty u_loyeent ...... who hive _n u_loyed for It 1.lSt .1. eonth.. The t.. credIt .1 low.: - S60D credIt for the first 6 _ths - 1600 credit for.the second 61lOnths - 1700 credIt for the second ,.ar If the _ploy" hi. _n .....,Ioy.d betoeen , IlOIlth. end 6 IlOIlths pr lor.... ..ploy_nt, the tex credit IlIows: - 1500 credIt for the first rear - 1700 cr.dl t for the second rear The cr.dlts ..y be carrIed forward .... .uc....dl nil toxeb Ie ,.ars. Allows. to. credIt .qulval.nt to the .al.. tox paId for ..chlnary and ..chlnery ports used for fabricating. processIng, e..eMbllng and eanuf.cturlng on such each I nary .nd perts up .... . v.lue of $I all lion. The cr.dlt MY be cerrl.d forward to subsequent ,..rs. If the credit Is tak.n. . deduction for .al.s toxes paid ..y not be cl.l_d. E_pts ken gross InCOlOl any In"","" derIved by . te""eyer for Inves",-nt In . quallfl.d buslftlss loco"t.d In . TED or .n NED. T'""ly.r does not Include the owner or op.rator of I quallfl.d busl,..... . , . . , . o ITEM Oper.tlng Loss Car"YDver OIductlon Eeployee CredIt for ""geS Eer...d Exp.nslng Depr.cllble Property Un I to..y Method ,. ProhibItions o Chep"t.r 45 - AS 40 Allows I texplyer engeged In the concluct of bu. I..... wIthIn en en"t.rprlse zone .... c1educt lIet operltlng 10.. cer..yovers to that ,.Ir, ..... up .... 15 t.xabl. ,.Ir.. For I fln.n- cl.I InstItution the 1I.lt Is 5 ,..rs. If th Is credl t was elected, the existIng _II busIness net operotlng loss carry-forwlrd would IlOt be II lowed. Allows 0 5 percent InCD118 flIx c..edlt .... quallfl.d .ploye.s ogllnst nges e.r...d In an enterprIse zone for one yelr .nd IlOt .... .xceed SOD per .ploy... The credIt Is ..educed by S.D' for e.ch dolllr of Inccee .....Iv.d by the texplyer In ...ce.. of SlI,09O. AI lows . taxplyer .... uk. deductions whIch conf..... .... F.derll Ilw on accel.rlted cost recov.ry on carteln property. A busIness doIng busIness wIthIn ond without the ..... who elects the tax cr.dlts .nd net operltlllg loss Ilf anyl eust use the .pportlon..nt ..thod. Property wIthIn In .nterprlse zone whIch Is Included In 0 feder.1 .ccelerlted CDSt ..ecovery syst.e would be excluded f.... the Inste II..nt s.l. reportIng provl.lon. Also. existIng sfllte tex Ilw -e- '" " o o Chapter 44 - AS 514 Allow. I texp.yer IIlgellld .In the conduct of bual...sa III I NED or TED .... c1educt ...t operatIng loss cer..yovera .... that ye.r, ..... up .... three texable ,..rs, following the ta'Qbl. ,.Ir of loss. NDt II lowed. Al lows.... expense 40S of the CDSt of property ellglbl. for the proposed seles tex credIt In 2 .hove. The CDSt of the property Is lIal"t.d .... S5,OOD In the fIrst yelr .nd gr.dultlllg to SID,OOD If"t.r the fourth ,.Ir. If this Is elected the property MY IlOt be caplt.l- Ized .nd the Instell..nt ..thod of reportIng 91 In Clnnot be used when the property Is sold. A busln.ss doIng business .Ithln .nd without the .rea who .Iect. the tax credits .nd net op.r.tlng loss Ilf .nyl eust use the Ipportlonoent ..thod. .. P..operty wIthin In .n"t.rprls. zone whIch Is Included In I fede,,"1 Iccel.r."t.d cost recovery syst.e would be .xcluded fr.. the Install..nt sel. reportIng provIsIon. AlsD, exlstlllg state tax II. delllng wIth conde.notlon of re.1 prop- e..ty would Include outdoor .dve..tlslng . .... 0 ITEM PrDhlbltlons - Contd. Funds Urgency OpereflYl Da"t. Doub Ie JDlftld JS:15A - CIlep"t.r 45 - AS 40 dealing wIth -._nltlon of r.al pr_rty would Inclucle out_ .dvertlslng If thlt WIre Included In e federll Iccel.rl"t.d cost recovery sys_ If It WlS ......n..d. S2D,ooo Is eppropr Ilted fr... the llenerel Fund .... DEBD through June 30, 1985 for the purposes of th Is ect. ThIs Is en orlllncy bIll Ind would go In10 I_dla"t. .ff.ct. All of the ..ctlons of this Ict whIch relate 10 specIfIc fox IncentlYls shell epply for toxeb Ie or Inc.... ,.Irs _nclng on or efter the desIgnation of en erea es en .n.....rpr I.. zone. ThIs bill would not go In.... .ffect un less AS "4 Is .chap- tered Ind tekes .ffect. -9- J.dll. 11,'11 - o Chep"t.r 44 - AS 514 If that Wire Inclucled In e federll eccelerl"t.d oost recoYlry. sys_ If It' ... eqenHd. S85,OOO Is IPproprleted fr... the llenerel Fund.... DEBD through Junl 30, 1985 for the purposes of thIs net. This Is en orlllncy bIll end would go. In.... I_dlat. effect. All of the ..ctlons of this ect whIch rela"t. .... specIfic tex IncentIves shell be eppllcable In the OOIIIputatlon of to...s for texlble or In..... years begInnIng on or Ifter Jlnuery I, 1984. This bIll would not go In10 effect unl.ss AB 40 Is cheptered end tokes effect. "0 o o .~ nJ~ (") H.I -~ ~~if n!i f ~ ~ ~ fhl f~ ~ ~ 'i :sl!!. ~ C/J II ~~ fli t ; 3: r:r = 2 fff . lC Cii m .. ff J:!2 - :fl~ ... N 0 'I ~ ! ..~ o ~ 0 ~ I [ ~ 0 Ii i ~il ~ If ......... ...~ '" ~.,.,. ~ '......,. __... I :c: FI != - ;s ~i ~ ~ ~~ n I ~~ :0 ~~ . . ! . tTI n Ii . !Z ~ . . n I . ~~ ~ . ~~ Ii . . . U . . . :cil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... .. ell ... .. ~c o o ." ....) e ~ ~ ! ~'~ ~!~ if g ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ lrl5 ~ ~ ~ ~!l if} if) 0 "l'i'::!l!!lilO 1IIi;jl!l.c..i..m,"" 9,11I llJ::Ii~Il1i.-~ c ~. ~~'~~if16 =.. aifS ~~'l s:9' a ~ () ~~~s l . t r i .: ~ ~ l ~ i'i i t ~ or ~ g ~ ~ 9' if !' fir i t. ~, i if _ ft:.~ 5i6::1"=!! i:ci g.;;,~ ~~..Il.ri ~'8 i lC ~ ~ ~l! . i'l! 16n ~ i i ~ ~ ~ ~,~ ~ ~~' r! ~ ~~: it ~ ~ ~ j, g; ~ I i ~ '"'5 ~"'~"i6"O "ltil!!.-' ~- ::1-5 !!~8'~;;;:m n lil~~~i~l;~~lir~[~;f~t~rl[Jt itilr~ 16 ~ e&:~ ::I", ~i6;:; ~ ::I !i6' ~-; 8".2'::r:~ "' ,~" i -~~--.l!lct,9'O~"OeJ::I" ~l"B. [_0' C) :I, lIl') ;c-!i ~ i6:1::!' ~ !, 'l c2r - ~ :T 11 51, 9 8" li:' pf:T ~ r !'II iliiii !5i6"~ iilcil!!.g-lt'!r ....!-li&""'>-,.. = 51! &. 5 al - _ i ~ ~: ~ s <8 ~ n ~ ~ 9' ~ i ~ ~ ~ J ~ i i>> r ~ i: - ~ t] ~ ~ ~! ~ ~l ~ ~ ~ ~ .!="ll i ~ a ~ ~ i"~~' ~ t ~ 9'] ~ i r i6 - ~ ~I ~ i6 c i6 g;f ~ ~ ~ ~ ! [i .. III I c: ~~~~;~if.i-~i Ir!j!~~;'!~[iiJ1~ ~ i6 t J ~ i i I!!.. i ~ j: -' J." ~ g, f I ~ i. i6. !~ ~ t rll~,~tf~ll1 itfj~if!1~tlf~g ....' c :> i .1 , I , o ~ tli~~ii~ ;~rifi~{lliiti 1'~iiI13'Ji~ [llrl~~ ~ la!i~II~ltjilifll~i!i~l!tIIJ.~I~!rllilll r:;~lflf~f.~i i.i-~:i ~ ili!:-r!.' ~!J{!I~~li~ ~~Ji:rl-I;'~ i ~ ,~g.~!l_rp"';:I..c_tl!!l ::S"''5I0 ...::S::s!:l.g.l'illi'~ ~ olil 'i-::I2"~ i",:;, !!!,s:~ ~,>C:c 3 &,5" 1115'~!il ~~ o.e; li'3:O-.. '" ~'O '3'5' to IcZi r;1' m cbii':r"'= m:SI>>-O -.. ~=p).-(Q '-0 a,,~ :o.n_.- 1ii'5l'3-0-i'~i'~_,.2'g.8-;~ ~i'8 r--,' ~ rl3'" ~m if!li[9 0 I!l '~i-~l!l. ~~..F ",0;'2::S:"- 0 5'j!>3:!:. '8'Oliiiila"'I!l" 16-6. ::S"Ill!!l. ~."i ~ 0," !!l i'ifa:f ,53 if ,..'ir...~ _'C i" 15. 15' n -,C S';.--~ ~ i~~r;i~t~~.I!if! ~li~J~JaJilllJI~plfill~li m ::s0-3~=:O-i~"'- i" 5111 ..~- ~~"'Im o....-~;'r..i...- ~'_!~rg:~~;::s~~~~- ~-l~!if~~!};. Pl'. ~:r~'~ ~r~" :3 - Q. O:S :r'C; -. CT I>> c tc :r 0 . is.. . _ == UI _ VI . ~l;i~~il1~I~~~fl 1~lr~li~I~~rifl!!!l~!...;~~ll 1!1;~I!llil~~~ li~i~I.J[[!i~~ilif;l!fll[I'" 0. if a - 0.-8 '0 0 O,l?- ~ ~ ~ lli.li ~ 'C ~ ::I!f. f I :; ::s ; Ie l!l. 5' i::s lh & - S ~,O. ~ ~ if'8 ~;: ~ :r i::oi 5' .., 8.; .. ;1 ~~: ~ a'g _ ~ iff ~:6 i" ~ ~ ifw ';:"'> ;:I.~ 8' ~, - Il ~ "'Sl~ oGl..,.. ~/ii -6. Iii' I~J~!I~~~I~~~ lirJll~~I~~!r~I_JI~r~J~~ . III r ~ S' !; =ii" 2 if lX &. ~ li i if l If!:~!!l f;r ~ ~ ~; '!' f '" ~ S" i' i a a .... ~t'IUif fl'fi'f" fr ffff~lil L!iiIH ~f. H h r I j.f'{i~, rr~S:lQ,~ H~HiU ~nfh~ l!hlii fft~[li tglH~f . I lf3:=>;i' 5.i..[i._ &. ,m ~ r 'I ~iihiJht imJWJl1i ~ iihf ! S:~8"1 rmifi~i 'e:!!,8.' i!-iii!if ~ f~'o~,... ~ ~~il5'[a 5,[~ 8~ .11a-ri~i.i~ i, f!!f ~ 15." s; -if"'\!l ::t'e~ iol ~8'~ ~ 3g.;r,a III if 0 i 0-'" ~ f t ! r s t~, ~ l~' ~,Ill if ~ [~ ! !. i' f i' ~ f ~ ~ ~ i i 8 m,a. ~8 ~~Si fj[~ a~~' ''Slg ~~ ~ !~~l J . · nhiR f! HhHdi ~il ~ :d'1 S i i!!l. f II ~ i' ~ !l P S if.2' i i a r. Il~' W ~ ~ =: Iii' ;, .~!~aS'irl ~ll[I['iif Ii ~ ~~ii ~ !~.~ ~~~21 ~i"i>>f" :rJiil' a Ii ! m s-~@ ~ "~!.2-~i-i~g i~f. ii~ ,[ '! ~ :~li~. ~ r~~m~li~3i r~ ~a~ t ~ i gl~l ~ lifl5'_.. crjtlj' ::s 5'!l~~!l[~' i!. iii' ;~~!!l. i. 1*1 <: 00 i>-r,Il g.$;~CDl i' ~ 8:~j ~~ ~ a.a ~ ['2 ::l'C::l"'2::l ..lt~cl'l ag ~ ~ ?I!,o.ii;)r~ 2- _n~a15'f ....a...:p if g .. ,.,::l "' ::l~-'~"-i ..-:S a c-a5'5"'S' "-i!J1'1 ='C _ :s W)C n Q::lifs,;;!mllrrlf. e!, llio'O",c..~- DI"". ::r $; "', "::l 'C =1'[" 9 nO-30.' liS 3 ~ ~ i ~ i .. -l'Sl lor t; 16::l::1.3'0.3::1'O 8 oa~5':rg~i~ Ii __'~QI~ft) :1.a~; '03 - :!'iil'''''..l5 3'8 ~m\!l c o.S'5'~1 'O..",_o'go"='" '" '" _,::rc _"' '" .. Co> ::1. ::l '" ::l '" .. .l" :r,' 'C"o..o.ojO..g>.. ~llag~~Q.;!" :s:l "o"'-,"~ -:lC5' n'O",';:if :r1!!..l!!:3-' "'''';)0 "'-~~5' "S.::1._,-o~..r! lllr;!' ;) ~ ~ 2 ~ ,.. i It ~ 0 ~' i ~ lB ~ ~ "'.'8 II! = 8 'C..:t.. "~:l.ll:iil 5'8"",~~~ 83"";)~ o.c nO. -";"''' <<) to -. CO ;:J d: ~ 0 :J II (It U1 ~ o' 9-ii1~o~ (rio, ~i. o o o I,ll ~ [!-I~Jliif~(ll i!i~iiJi l-f _ m Iii ::a 16 ;; 1 ~ C 5' Si! ~ '9 ~ "S ~J 3, - ~ 'C !i'~ ::: :- i~I~t6 ~~3-~-~c~:=ai! ~-l;lS'::s. 52 ~~' ~ ~ ~ r i ~ i tf ~ ~;) 8 ~ f ~ i l ~ ii ! ~ S' ! Ill~~~~~_:!''''i ~~aS'r[i~iiiili?~~ ~ ~ ~, It ~ a' ~~ ~ !i'~ i ~ ~ ~; ~ ~I!!..ld' i g- ~ i it. g- ~ I -"0." 'P'O;o;13it !i!:::1 Og "'''''css..c~~-~ ~t[r~~ill""af~ll:ril~lr~II~1 I'~i ill,il il~11 ilj! j I! fIlii; ~ c- ~05'til 1!!..1t~' ~~'n ~l!!,~ni3:!~",~ i!: ~ &f5~~g.g-~'if.~~f 3~!li~51~[~i 01;; ~-It~-~m~--8"::r.g- ~-1ll88~5~. ~';) r ~ ~ J~ 8' if 8 it ~I i ~:. [; ~~ ~ ~ ; ~ lJ~,[~~J gI~fli~ i~ rf~~:'~~ ~ i~'" lto. 2"l- ~ -~- 2"CSifs;,16 n ; ~ ~ I,: i ~ ! ) & ~ i, i ~ ~ ! l~ i ~ ! r i' i m -~ a~~o.aaa~- ~ fill 'C~a~~ [l[8~1~1~~~rl; ~~.J~~~~I ~ .". ;) a r II ~ 1 i i;l"' ) (i' ~ - 2 !.. -, g. 3:::l ill Hfffiu~n!Hhi:I~Hm lHin,IWtB it.;)~ ala" iia.",[i g.m S'i"0.-3cB if~ if:l a_~~ifif[;Ig-Ill'8 ~:s ~J!J7.l.~i a~ ;.~ t;f.~,i ~~fla.!.~;) i-f~~~~g.a~; l ..." ~_"'liI"5~5bi'~16 \!l"~ ""0."'-a.'8"'3~:P 5.)~" .~g'g",io~ il;~~i!ii!Jlg;iJI t~iiJ.ii~i ~:~I~t)~'r!;,f.i .. ~ ~ifli~2 2fm ~i"~ 5'm [~~ i l~: i,~~.. f ~ r~' 8' I "'I ~~!.._ co iP 0_= :r.(.I,) ...00.'" ... Lilli ~. II ~! f~ I~ii III~ 111'11 1111; l~ ~ ~ ~ I' it g g ~ 16 if g g 3t l g 11 ~ [~l ~ ~ ;.. 1 J ~~ g ~ ~ l ~ ~ 'Sllll' ~ i 2" f~, It 'I ~ ~ 111 ~ g.J:i lii r~J ~i- ::l !J ; 5" - i ~ " ~ El-l!!, I; 5':g .' 8.::l; ~ ir ~ Ii _ ' .=' f!16 a il ~DI 120 i~~[ ~9~_ ~" ~!1!'i. ;)~2"~.' '" .. c 0 ,......." . I '. -' , -02 . !l Ej.llilig ~ ~ rlfH f i iH [ f ~Hnn r ; peO -I ...~ , """8 "i'l ~j;l;l -I pIa..", 'I Ii i 0" ':::! ~ =3 n r 1"[1 I- i IlrHH . ~~ ~ .lli'/'II o."~. .. ~. i' i'o >nen ~ -- ~ -.- f J . rr rr r P! 2: (; , III i''' i'!!t ~i :0 r. ;i n"l co :T . :::f:i II ~ ~f[~ tl~ ~ca ~ <.nOT ~ .. .. I~ -~O i -- .. or ... ; Iil ifi' Iii :ll Ii! .. II ia ~ Ii! ~ ~~!llIl~H 2: ", ::.r ~ fS -...:' - i ~ ~ "'. cn!-> - C II ill i:l ~ b i!! Is IS 111 8:!!S::S~ ~! Ii ...;:::;: \C 5 ~ft n~, ." .. :--9'i 113 Is ~I; ~ ... :-' g. 8- 3 'tl:::l ; ~ NI _ N ~ _"'f'I&;ES C> i .. -~~. -I .. e" ~::o ill III is is s Illll:i;ls:::te.ill -~ N ~ if~,*,~ '" .. "'!P.I 1!1 ~ill ~ ~iif :l .. i~ ;. i1! i -- :..i ~ B~" .Q. ~ pi ;ii: iil ~ . Iii 1i ihiliiSlU lIl3c:: t:a i " '. III !:l ill s :t ill i;l~1lli;ll:iill8 -0"' a: i'P':n ~ t:i 2!ll _~:l' ..oCen-i ~I -5' ill :j'i~ i Ii 21 t;", ~~ ~ ~ ..:-~ .. is JI -- 0 ..a f'oI N VI __W~. ~ 2"1 ~~, a' l:l Is III ., !l ::; III is i:l i;llllil s l:i f;:~ 111 ~ [jt~~ ~ la c ~ i . + + S c1i~.&' ++ _, C ~ iN. 2 I. ~ i'U I' G II i:l at 8 Is i Ii ill!l~;ii;S I 2 "-:i" HI~ ~ ~ rl ~ I f Ii f~ J! ~ If ! [ r I r ~ f f j .J a f f ~~f . i I"""j ~ ~~ l"" ;i in i !il - - II i .. .. J ~~ 2~~ l ", '" Ii ;;; ~ e !!l ifi I ! if;' s; . ~ - i ~ ~ ~ ~ lil 2: i;; III :t 8 is ... Ii _;:.11 i I~ t; 1ft ... 8- ;.~l ti 2 .. III ~!i ~ -I ~:::lf i; II i.i ~ fi s is i;; III ~ f . .. .. 111 t i Ii . = i!! ~ I ) ~ I ~ :! ~ ij -8 II: Is at c t ill l:I IS l:i 2 -1- ~ III III G - .. II t;~ , ~ I i;; ~ ~ . b. :. C is ; 5 j ~I - " 111 Jj, 0 . 0 . 0 + + + o , o . S ~ ~ S ~ , ~ ~ - - ~ en .. - I 2 ~ ' :: il s is Ii , "~. ~!fIf~ ~ I::: to 1;0 ~ t;>t;>CIl - "il 0 ~ [~i :f ~~, Q >()CIl :I _._ " 2,11 -l ~JX i - ::a"Tln " a ~.O ::D C5 Q a .... ;:L-a .... . ~- ~ -~1 c !~> co ~<i"5 ! 1'::jei Z5. >e-- .:-I ' W~ " iil "8 - ;l;:L ! aSl. "'; $> :n -" :sg C ClO" !' ::--6' '0- '-; 2!i.a H !!lg: ~i o 0 ~ 'IUi ~!I'il!iJfn mllf*111 ( I '(h'> ,I, !!I ~ h c illi!! ~ I~~ 8 i:;i:; . ~ hi ; ~~ i Ii!; , + + = i=a t IRS: ):EiS !Ji I~ i ililllil i;!il l:ii\l il ODNN fIa iUbl Sill ;~ ; ~ii~ ill~ U i IlIilll!! <:1& lil<l $ ON... ...c. N= N !!lac j;j; !il~ i!! +11++1++ ..10. ;;..., C.. !!:!:!iI ISls !lis ~ ~m f [ii =: ;o[~ ~ !~4 I I~~ 8. "l' 3!l i"[! ~ ~l '0 if if e:e:i I"'~ III ::Jatlll i:;;= iii !"'";5jii t:::~ pDpD!"'" i: 8:Oill .. n! ~::J!I IS liIi\li!l iI ...=18 i\liilR ,.~~ c;1iI i:I + + + 1!l1 I ~;; g ~ ....... :r~1Il l!! i III 1 Iii g ;; c i~ I~ i~ II i~1 I~~ ;;: ;; , ~ ~ iff i I ~i i ji' ~ ~ f t I. i I' (fill ; fi II lot: .. ~ Ii ~ ~ i ! ~ i Ii , .1 ~~$C. Is !!l is III :r _ , t . f.l Ii fi ;:l ~ . iil OJ l!I :! III S III .1 ~~~.. :.: !lI Ii :: . :a! -,' I; ~ e ~ ~ ~ II IS ~ OJ IS II: I~ I~ i~ e!; Ii +, ii~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ; i; I. i Ii - -- ~ 2 C 2 ~ - 0 2 'TI ... (') ! ~ i ~ ~ ~ III c: _ !'II ~ 'TI c: 2 (') :l o 2 o _ 'TI ~ 8 ! ~ ! Ir ~ ~ ~ -- - - - ---~~~-- --~--~-- , _ . ~ w ~..", -, I ..,I o C) J Hr ~r ~illi~I'iII! itHlmw[m IPHlhi' ~ jr! IH~nni .Hi. [i~fui' iHl'i1it~tJ ; 11 S.J' ... fl I.. .! [i!f.iP'Sl.:r!,!;I 2.[ J g.~~ 0 .. is Il . tH iil! .~i~ l5;"' 1 i ~l II liri !11.['J~rl!JII ):I!II.iffif fl [:1' ~ ~ ~ Ii'" I ! f ~!5' Ill' i' lil'~ III ~ ill ~'i ~ !!l Ii H nu l:ltHUtHn tnU~iflU ~ -- -- If~[ll!IIII[[JJllillf~ ~ll_' '~~~~Ji~ fil ~ ~i!l ! fti<.lfifl t~fl. f~f I .1:lt {i~i ~i[f :i~l ~ i~~I!il~tlf ~il!t~fi I: -JliEf~W~ bltt!la. , rfftl_2.if.~ f[I~~f J flll~~f"'l[~~i~J.~ ~Il ~j~iil[~i!~ I ! Ij~"~[fli~~r ,UiJiHhUJd ~[iiilf~~l~!I~~ FfJll! 1 i 1111 iil: ~~~iiigJ I~rll Uhih lfi~H ! fiJ'i i~ Iflfl i~ S'ia.g~18 a Sl.-;,.,t ~~~i~~i . i;:li~ ~ () ... 0\ o 0 0 .1 , I i 1 ~ i [ i" n 11 [[ n.l q '! I i [ I t r ~ i ~ a I , : I 1 liUtiUhH.l. -tHhlhi:~WllI ~! '1 ,!1 [t ~r ,i'!' I '5~,i ,ilj:~,Jci,[j'~~ , ..~..! l;ri ,l! ~ [ 1!-i8 ~ ~,1',~ ~I~i i1i(l-illiif [J~llf I!~l!l. i '1!~t]H-,nlfl)i~-t i' .",ri al..,JiJ~ rt ~,~~j !l'~lm ~I~ ~,i~ ~ f fr. i liJll . >. ~lf~ff~3- ,~t~ - [~, ~ ~ .ai'C~ ,! ~!:i!C!lO:-> l"!":'"!"!'O!"' ~~f='a ! lc-;I11 ~J [i i 'lS:.~~;; fCLf! is' ~r~ -!fi~,~t ~ ~- ~ i om i t. ~ 0, ~... ~ .. 3:.g' ~' Ii S, ')1:1[ , ~ ~ i 5' f Sl ~ ~ IUHbUH~U H'W u "itl1 ri!1 i! ~! _ ~ Ii e! c .. i III if l!l ;r _ a, ~ fr !'to J" "8 j t Iil, Ii' - .., ~ = ! jili'l ff,[fr i-i, l ~ if ~~; i ~i ~i:r. ~~ ~ ~If~~it;~! If 1 r I~ tIll lli~i ~~ }I f~~-:~ilf~ ~ f ~ a tt~!l s: Ill,tr !il~ ~ Ifl fli~~~ ~ f~ ~ .. r fa ~~, i iJ~l ~ :l :T.. ii:s ~:iEi "';; II _.l~ 5'.;:;;ia ~ !li'!.'~. C' .' o J o t.r~I'~ ~~~~Jf-i~l;l~ll6 ~i,t;'ll:ii fJ.~e ~! lif;r~:l;t~i;i~iii.~iif.f.[~ ~~j~ f[~~i~ ~i~ ~ .. .. ~ ~ ~ - ~'~ 5 .. [ ~,Ii"l!i' ;I. a {~ ~ ill' 5' ~ il i ~ g l1: ~ i al f ~'o - ~ ~ ~ fl~!:r: ~~ i ~!!i i[ i j'laJ'lili ~j' ~ li:f:! J'l ~ilf~ i = i ~ t i l ~ e. ,I ~ ~ ~ ~ i [~ [[ ~ if r 0 ~ J ~~ i lS. ~ ~ ! i! ! ~ i ~ o! ill l'l, -.. :s ~ ~ ~.. "f ~ i a-!a ~ f ~ f ! 5' ": It i' ire=; g, ~ - 502 ~ i Ii: l:;I eJ i :il .... ~'oa>g,if~a~r 0'3!'L:'" m:~ ';l~5'mli~ ~3rS&m~gill!~CIl ... ~ g:a~ [ils.~ - f.}f~ g.: h ~.H'.F~ ~!,iI.., ~.~! ~ : l ~ ~ ~ ~ l~ et l!l ~ ? SOl i- t l ~, Cl f~. ~ f ~ i"~' ;. ~ ;- a. ~ ];1. 8: ~ .. II, 1 ~ ;, " g,~ ,a. i"~ S' ',i > g, ~; ~ I- i,l ~ f ;; ~ ~ ! it i i l ~ ~ . a~ i ~ t l [1 ~ . ~I~~[~ i i Ii t~~if.~~~l rl[~i !lli! ~ ;; r .2' ~ i" III ! J,. [~~ l ~ J" m It ~ Ii ~ ~ 51 i a. .... .., O'nf;2"[l:-O'g !5'giflX aifjllif::l!4 g,:S:r8 s~ -i\l~ !i~i~t~,tfJ~ hHhtH~~ il !l'-i -~ g-ifil8J f~~~ ~~i'ii!'~'~ "crb"n t- ~iil;;! c :s.. 'f:r- - 0 ~ - 0::1 '- ~=:t'!l: :~il .. ~ = ~ ii l'i'~ tl 6....o2';l.':r S!l~ -I>>ii!' 0 ::o~{!1!, - ~_.. , ii! ill: 3P1 N .., IA (") ma.[.ift~ ~ a.~08:~ ~ 1i!:fICII oc"-!f~".cl'i ~ [~r Eoj! ti~l ~ .. l6 .. j- .. ':r:S a.."'n ='.- oo:~ '&.~'i' 5'gJ~ -~ti5'E~ Ii,i ~~ if .. .. :s !!!i . 5 . . l'ij Ilef:l[lllllflr!ltfiiiHiiilfl ~SliFrioi"t~lo~~t[~:rJ;~~lm,,~~t S 5' ~ ::c "': ", :s ~ .. ill .g ~ .. C ill (, 'al; ~!i? .. 'iii.. - -i ~ 5 c;,[l~I'!II~fIJ~!~i~~I~ ~1~l~11 .. - ~ - .91-l!! - cr- & ~ o~' 0 f~ g. ri R!l~:.c :r .g gJ ~ i ;; PI" ~;I.[:,~, iil l: :s ~ ~ :s &. i' ttI m Eo ill !l .. ;, 2::l.-g..c~; ..a'C.g tasog.. -.g" ~.s'~fjj,=2'lil Ii. IE' ~ II 0 ~ il 0. 2" Sl f i' e. if 0' '2 b" m - a a' is: :s :s IS: f e-' n Ii il sz: :r .. .. l'l n el. s. :r ::I, .0,:S ::I" - :s "': nOli" oaiS~~~, ~~g ~~~~~~..if 36oc-0' __ ~ ='~ ~~ -= m~ mi i~ ~ifrIIJJ" Ilf~~~~ (~lli 1~~~221 a:al..-Ol':Scr-:s f:saoN [~'-6'" -"'t..li.:;l OCa.nK~~l6 000.0 ~:sii! 3i :s g 5' g 0, =! =r ~ l ::::r ~ ill _ !;oI 0.-2 i ~ Eo ~ a 0.", :;l ~ 0 o!!l. It .. if.. ill:r - 0 ~ m l'I !1 i -8 iil i&l ~ ;I. [~,~~~ ~~ a:lt~ ~ l2 l!~,,[ i's'''~~al[i ; ~ l g .. ~ ~ "I fjj,i&l- lf~ [ii Col:. ~ l Oi" &,l ~ ~ :i~il!l:r I~;~,l~i r.I:r~ 31~1~ii g fjj' r 0 ii' ~ :r", ~ Iii' liJ' OC } &\:"11 .. Ii. 5 16 ~,,- ~ t ~ li 8" ' t ~ a 5' ~ II J' [a m ~ i a It F 8 r ~~f.~~l g.rl~!lrSl ~li-;~ i"llf It 1M :, o :) , , o ~~Ir~~~~r~ ni~~tff ~rOj ii!itlll~i~~r~1 Jf~fl![ililli;;i :fi;~~:::; C:ll ~ il~ ~l~ ~f~~ IIi tr~l ii:iJii'if i:~Hi~~iiii I f(l-,Ii~~2'!3 'l~'~ Ii j e,{iif ~ r~= ~~ f ~'~~ 8t ~aa!1!1 f.s'l~fif~~~~8f ~ _.'1 ~~~ a;)~l[l t~: 3' lR,~~ittt i ~Iiiiffrill~ Itill~II'!J!!tl I 11 Ilf!! ~ = f i" m' i m' J ~ f 8. j. ~ if J [~ if t t r i ~ ~ J ~ f [ l [ ~,I g: ~ 8~it~ja.fnlSi~ i=!~[C)f[ 1t~fi'a I 3,1 i Ii Ifl!1;lli[lii rlmrlitg~ !~.i~~ I~ ~ r~ ts'~tJ[~'i lIi'I~~ I"c;~lt~ !rl'~ ~a~i; [ . ~~, i il ~ 8- ~ 6i :. t ti, ~, 0 J '~l ~ == g S ~f I j.' i g m :f 11 trl[1 ~ jf ~J.f. i ~~r~[i -iii [:! gr e: r.2''8 ~ 1. ~ I, ! ~ ~ n ii' !r If ~ g.lP 'C i:l I ~:ll~C)r::iI.o;oi'1ll C)~~~J!~~~it m:~' l !1 ~~!' ~ ~wi l~~ 1'1, ill ~:c:o ~ ~~~i ~~ I,[i....... ~ g > ~ ~ i R' 3, ii' II' I if C) l!l::r ~ C) c: ~ C) . f 8. :Jl' .. ; 5: ~~ l- i i l! m: i i i i" i ~,i i" IS.: ~ 8 P> Ji' ~ ~ a ~ ~ a ff i f. !hl Uf~ HU;2iaUI fto~Hn~ijpmW i}l[~lil ~fIIIJ~lil[~~~!~I~f~ ti~ I ~ "" o;o~ S ai lt~i" i"'9 ia.c: =!;:I ~ =,,2: j il ~~~~~!l:l; ~ ~~ et ... ~:: .. i'~' i 9-l ~ i .2'! ~ ii' ~ ! ~ j B 5:' C) ~ ~ ~ ~ Q. S! ~ ~ I ~f~l. ~~ & g. 0 m.~j !fQ1ii'a' II o~'~ ~l1j ~~ ~ iiil s:a~:::;'-t : ~~l'8 a9~ ~I ~ ~>g,a ~ '~~ 8 'jC',ai_oifill ~~'''.2O" lS..::rl) .. 3lic:=>'> ~lli3 iiUh~" iWiiUH~ J~~ l~~n in i" i & t ~ f.! c: ~ ~ ~ ~' [ ~ a l S, r f ..11 '! [ ~ ~111~li Ir~~12illll at I !~~ ~II am. '~l~ 2.!1.t~~iif~~a a~ l ~f-~ i"lf 1"'" r" 0 0 0 ....' !!! ~ l 5'8" ~o t~ ~l}" I ....................... ~ -o-j -ji" >'" 8:ifff I .r.....1~031~II~t~~ !n~~o- ~~~~,~, ~' o -~ fill' ' iil -.. ;;-=-=3; - i[ ~ a l~ffff~~llii!fi~fl 15:- ir~ S"a n -, ' ~i?ll:l3 if.~€,i f i:[::ll ..- it~"-~iir ~~i o c>> n . ... -::s r.a...Ir~1>> 3ji"_ ~f~ I ~~~~~ ~lo.~ ml- '~8'.., r ~' i l [ i 02, Q.~ 8C ~n!!l ii~i ~ ~ ~! iC - ~ lit ~ [-' a. ~1 ~ ~ = i i 1'2.2.2.2,2. ~ ~i.. ~ '~ s ~~[~~fl Ilt~[i~~~!~ sa. n . n' ~~~r.> ~ ~ I>> e' a III _~m.$; ~ ~ ~~~ ~ !:: l!I~,li~ ~'~tf[. 3~li'?5 -o~~ 'C .'fiiI! .i,.~,lf'l~ l"i ~ ===1 ~ ::sf! (It I. 666....:- !f~~ r ~ l/l,~:: !!l ~ '::0 l}' AI il2.r ;' . . . . en ~ ~ ~ ~, t;~...~:.. ~r ~llJ :1 f"[i i~~ - ~ ~;:~Ii :r:r:r- ~~ 5"1>> ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n , l/l , i 3 ir'~. i lru I>>~' Illtt ffl ~t ~ [i ~i ~~l~i~t. ~~if i j ~ 0.. ,~ if~ . ,g-l- 0 'C'C if '( tllf~[J i~~' i i! if - r~o i ,,~ ~ " ~ru,1>> I~ · · · .If!l~llilf~~;; i' 5 ~ ita ;I i" l i; f! a. ~12. ~.. ~'l i ~ i:! fliii!lltfil.!lfllllli~1 ~ ~ tl~~iili~i-~ll!~ ~;,tl~~~ f!i~~i!llrrl~l~illllfl~~ ~ ~::li ~,ri' i; ~j r[~ti~ ill ~ 1-l~J i' ~ S~Ji[i~'~'li 2. ~ ~ ~ =- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l1 ~!l 2. ru ~,i" ~ !ll ~~~~' ~ 2- ~~il'!if" i!'~~~g ~ Sgl~ ~ In m~~~~, ~;~iii ~ !l. { [ ~ i.l~ii ~iiiii ~ }~ II lC .. 51 ;~ 0 ~!~ lt~f ~ .0 i" ~, a ~ ~f~~ ~iflit~~5' e f~ ~I[~i ~ [llr f !o i 5,=: ~ Ii ~ ~ i ' . i.f! i [ ,I i:1~~!~ 1~~1 1-1>> .... ~,~ .... ,ur iC .. Ff ' , , . ~ ................ a..." f.>~ 1111 !""~~O\CD ~~~~ ::f 0\"''''__ filfilfilC ~ .g:.g:~~~ III III III & l ~~~'C'C !!l!!l!!l~ 9 fll tttt .sa. g-Q.Q. tttt t'"' '< ~ ~ Ii i "!o N Ii I( ~.M ~ ~ n H ~i ~ fl i.ll II ~ i' ~~ H :.- J;p 'if. f ... .. . o o :) c~n""a~ ~-Oi" l5'Q.~lf~!JI5" 1[~ Q.r" 'gXl.... lllli~~flilfi~lli~lil!:.~I!i 1~1~ltfl ~i'i~~i:~;li'~=-il ~;:~~t.~Q~i iiN~ ~ is a~Ji-~,~ ~ aJ ! ~ i r j i t. ~ I ~J t I}. ~ ; ~ t [i ~ i ~ ~; ~ i ~ 1 [~i ~ if i: ;; :r if ~ ~,'g ;t'~'~, ~ ~ Ii- ~' ~ '8 ~ II: Q. (l' _, :n t 0 ~ 3 C) ~ ~! 5' ~ !: ~ ~ 1ll~~:~[mf8-ia~Q.o,~a~I~~~l~ll> ~~~I~lag O'C~"c -.....=i' "/DC ..a;=-a;..:li!IlI/')i,....:l~ -!!!,,,=-S"-' ~ to 0-" 0 :I =' Q. co .... lQ Ii iii -. n m"" . !. (It m !ooi U'J AI' DI ~t ~llrll-t~olifIJ~~~D~f,lt~~ [~118!~~ ~~' R' ~ ? ~ III ~ n ~ 16'1 i ~ i ~ g: ~, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 8. ~ ~'n a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r f ~8"8 t:~.a ~!~ ~'Illl g;:J. n~~ ~la~ Ef-B i l!! ~o ~ '.!l~ 2'''a~j'Sl.~';t'iii' .. - ~ s .. Sl - = ~ to ii' ::T, t!:. lS Iii -, 0 0 ll: (l !!l. Ii! -, .c; C ll: - .. !!!. o =- III -.. =-,.. .. f = iii' -=' .. =1" = - .... en !!!,:l" ~ Q.!!I ,.. Q. Sl... - UJ . 1"1 . .... n 'C to ~ 0 II' . ft).... C o' AI .... 0 ilf~IJitr 'f'~~rm'~cJ~!Jt I~~~n l!~~~!i "....' -'5l[N@ ;;! 0"". !\'!!l...= I"lIn .. 5" 5' '!;l-=....=,.. ,2, ~ :l 5' .r e = lit' i' '2 &l Xl"!i if. n III i if .s 9: m III :l IS ~ nr.. &i rl 1ll::la:5." lli 0 iil-l St:.li~5. ,.. ....5ln;s:; !1lci! !3:::t,=- -l n ~ Q~ i 16 ~ 5' ~ ~ ~l2! 5'lll1 ~ ~ ~ i ~ ;. ~ !!i'? iil i, if 1~I!j~161 !~-~~! '5l~,till:~~li ~It III ill iO ~ ~ ~ "= ~ '2 S ,01 n a. , IX sr!l Ie: c' t 8 n 3 .. Q. n "3 'g .. ~ ~ ~ III - - ;:l~" 3" =-.. ~C a:l~:I~... ~al~s :'~:lft)Q..':"S'. rr~.il ~~2 e..~~ ill i':ll~i=no i'J' ,!lli !I, ,J~ il~HII:i> i~J!f~iltr~ ~!: I e:iof~ m ~nHI~f ; N(llit i5 a'tJ !- r7 ~~! . ~ i i ~ 1li~i flj.~ J- 2.~~ -~ ~i~~'r [hU HI lli~ ~ 16!;. iili~f!f.l.iif!l~ilftlti~!i!;~12 ~~ ~8' gjl<i ~~o5'i:;o !1l 'l gt~ifo 'rlSl.ltf~~ iit~tit .~r:i~~I~ > Il1aif;i i~Jil~~~ '~ff~t[[il ~ it ,0 ~' , - 'g, ~ ~ ~ _ r il _ f:; 'C III ~ i :2: 1!llliii~IIIII[!I~it~~I!Jlf ~ [;ii ~'s,il~1j r1 !iij,lt.. i'slt 1,1 i till~~~l~~.~~[t2.!I~ltn :[ifa ~ iJ.~jb~ll HpHf1loi}hU ~ llff~liJ~ Sl.i.16il l.. i!Jl..~~_ n; .. //~' ,.-, -, :) ........~ '-' ..,; x x x x ~ x x or.> PI!'O X X - X X X X - X X X --- X x """1fIn _ x x x ~- x x x x OJY x X ~J. X X X 'l{. X ~ -1p!ftOId x X 1l!IUIO(]_ X X X X X ~UM() X X X X X ""'IlO ......lOVJlUOO X X X x Ikl!WIId aon I"IlrJ -- ~ x X .....D......., "'1"1'I oJ.~ X IIOmO '-J OJ._ X -="'JOJ. X ,_. .- x x x x ~ Ilug>uoe x OJ. jIPIds ~ 00U0lI!J .......I"'WOI"\ ........."':l_ X X X X _1Od"':>'!I'l"d X X - X .....' -p--s~ x x X P"l'. ..yPJlO8~ ''Q9Vq~,,:"''PY - - """:) II>llIlIy II>llIlIy --- tng ..-IN ...~ .I'N - I/~IT rp II JI , J - ^ nsv~ .~~" ~~-:: ~':< -~ , ' ~~~ ~':"- -, . '''1 ;:.... -~ !::J . .... .._. .._. - -0'- P' . ....... . ;:-af. l~J~'a.ilr.!~~lfr.~ ... Sl.i" 1~I'i~:~lilil'lif.t~ I'lli ~. w,i~ ~ ~~ I~= ~11~Jf=~liJj=~i~[lf~~lio~I ~ : ~ - ~ l~ 5 g' ~ ~ ~ ! f S' i ~ t. ~ ~ 1 Sl. ~ ;; ? f ~ i. i I. [iil~il:fJi[t_{;li~o~lf r ~!III If!;l e:. .. II III i.1. !;I2'~ ~ 1 !!l !;Is' f ! ~ 0 - 5 I!I 1 l il: 11 f l ~ a ~ 8. lit ~ 1 5' 5 f ii, ~ ~ a if' IS. i- a-c ~ II! mai ~]~'t.J ~] t~ tS' I i a ~~t I~ I ~~i ~i ~ ii-f!J ~ JI'~ J S' ;: 5 ! f ~ ~ r I ~ i I. i t ~ ~f.J.~~ r. i ~ 1 t it ~ -t.i: f&!fJ 'it' Iiil:. Ii, r. ~ iff il, f1 ~fil ~ '~~l J ~ I' i T . .. . . c:> CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO Census Tracts 1980 -.. r.:~l__-;J ~ ----\. 1: . tot ~ 41 w:.= tOt r---. I I I I I . -----, I I ~ 78 L_I, .- S-./ -.., J7e " . I 77 I I J-:J I .f I I {~~__r- I I - Lot _rL . I , 73' J ..' ... m '."d 0 0 0 0 " CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- ... UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW ... POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED 1.1 POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 41 2,721 822 127 15.5 5,267 11,435 2,71lJ2 99 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,21lJ8 11lJ,548 8,422 97 44 6,131lJ 2,265 21lJ4 9.1lJ 8,279 12,645 6,IlJ74 99 47 4,651lJ 1,611 239 14.8 6,651lJ 9,652 4,61lJ8 99 48 2,764 823 115 14.1lJ 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 49 4.619 1,619 21lJ5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4.613 99 51lJ 1,532 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,241lJ 1,524 99 54 4,IlJ21lJ 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,IlJ72 596 15 55 4,999 2,IlJ99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 56 4,853 1,828 21lJ3 11. 1 5.527 8,539 4,823 99 57 871lJ 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,51lJ5 925 11lJ1lJ 58 2,417 884 11lJ7 12.1 5,331lJ 8,377 2,369 98 59 l,IlJ26 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 961lJ 93 61lJ 387 168 23 13.7 5.269 8,641 358 92 64 2,IlJ27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7,291 2,IlJ93 11lJ1lJ 65 926 147 28 19.1lJ 6,461lJ 19,659 418 45 72 1.111lJ 1,174 53 14.6 4,286 12.398 272 24 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE ",'" "" , ----------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 . CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- Yo UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW % POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED (., POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",548 8,422 97 44 6,13" 2,265 2"4 9." 8,279 12,645 6,"74 99 55 4,999 2,"99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 56 4,853 1,828 2"3 11. 1 5,527 8,539 4,823 99 47 4,65" 1,611 239 14.8 6,65" 9,652 4,6"8 99 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4,613 99 54 4,"2" 1,714 213 12,4 3,283 11,"72 596 15 48 2,764 823 115 14." 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 41 2,721 822 127 15.5 5.267 11.435 2,7"2 99 58 2,417 884 1"7 12.1 5,33" 8,377 2,369 98 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7,291 2,"93 1"" 5" 1,532 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1,524 99 72 1,11" 1.174 53 14.6 4,286 12,398 272 24 59 1, "26 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 96" 93 65 926 147 28 19." 6,46" 19,659 418 45 57 87" 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,5"5 <;>25 1"" 6" 387 168 23 13.7 5,269 8,641 358 92 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY TOTAL POPULATION) 0 0 0 :> ,j CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- % UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW % POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED ) (., POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",548 8,422 97 44 6,13" 2,265 2"4 9." 8,279 12.645 6,"74 99 55 4,999 2,"99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4.977 99 56 4,853 1,828 2"3 11. 1 5,527 8,539 4,823 99 54 4,"2" 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,"72 596 15 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6.221 8,235 4,613 99 47 4,65" 1,611 239 14,8 6,65" 9,652 4,6"8 99 72 1,11" 1,174 53 14.6 4,286 12,398 272 24 58 2,417 884 1"7 12.1 5,33" 8.,377 2,369 98 48 2,764 823 115 14." 5,781 8,919 2.743 99 41 2,721 822 127 15.5 5,267 11,435 2,7"2 99 5" 1,532 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1,524 99 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7.291 2,"93 1"" 59 1 , "26 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 96" 93 57 87" 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,5"5 925 1"" 6" 387 168 23 13.7 5,269 8,641 358 92 65 926 147 28 19." 6,46" 19,659 418 45 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY LABOR FORCEI ""...' ,., "-----------. ----------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 v CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- Yo UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW Yo POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED C.I POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",548 8,422 97 47 4,65" 1,611 239 14.8 6,65" 9,652 4,6"8 99 54 4,"2" 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,"72 596 15 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4,613 99 44 6,13" 2,265 2"4 9." 8,279 12,645 6,"74 99 56 4,853 1,828 2"3 11.1 5,527 8,539 4,823 99 55 4,999 2,"99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 41 2,721 822 127 15.5 5,267 11,435 2,7"2 99 48 2,764 823 115 14." 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 58 2,417 884 1"7 12.1 5,33" 8,377 2,369 98 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7,291 2,"93 1"" 59 1,"26 322 92 28.6 6.391 8,462 96" 93 5" 1,532 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1 , 524 99 72 1,11" 1,174 53 14.6 4.286 12,398 272 24 57 87" 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,5"5 925 1"" 65 926 147 28 19." 6,46" 19,659 418 45 6" 387 168 23 13.7 5,269 8,641 358 92 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED I CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY 1969 MEDIAN INCOME) "" I ,." II o o o o CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- ~ UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW ~ POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED (S) POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 65 926 147 28 19." 6,46" 19,6~9 418 45 ~" 1,532 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1,524 99 44 6,13" 2,26~ 2"4 9." 8,279 12,645 6,"74 99 72 I,ll" 1,174 53 14.6 4,286 12,398 272 24 41 2,721 822 127 1~.~ ~,267 11,435 2,7"2 99 54 4,"2" 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,"72 ~96 15 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",548 8,422 97 47 4,65" 1,611 239 14.8 6,65" 9,6~2 4,6"8 99 ~5 4,999 2,"99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 48 2,764 823 115 14." 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 6" 387 168 23 13.7 ~,269 8,641 358 92 56 4,8~3 1,828 2"3 11.1 5,527 8,539 4,823 99 59 1 , "26 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 96" 93 ~8 2,417 884 1"7 12.1 5,33" 8,377 2,369 98 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4,613 99 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7,291 2,"93 1"" ~7 87/11 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,~"5 925 1"" CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY 1979 MEDIAN INCOME) ,.," ,..11 II . o o o o CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- ~ UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW ~ POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED (S) POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",548 8,422 97 44 6,13" 2,265 2/114 9." 8,279 12,645 6,"74 99 55 4,999 2,/1199 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 56 4,853 1,828 2/113 11.1 ~,~27 8,539 4,823 99 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4,613 99 47 4,6~" 1,611 239 14.8 6,65" 9,652 4,6/118 99 48 2,764 823 115 14./11 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 41 2,721 822 127 1~.~ 5,267 11,43~ 2,7/112 99 ~8 2,417 884 1/117 12.1 ~,33" 8,377 2,369 98 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,9~8 7,291 2,"93 1"" 5" 1,~32 618 53 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1,524 99 ~9 1,/1126 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 96" 93 57 87/11 276 43 15.6 4,625 5,~/II5 925 1"/11 ~4 4,/112" 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,"72 596 15 6~ 926 147 28 19./11 6,46" 19,659 418 45 6" 387 168 23 13.7 5,269 8,641 358 92 72 1,11" 1,174 ~3 14.6 4,286 12,398 272 24 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY POPULATION BELOW POVERTY LEVEL) "'III I "II - - - ~ - - --- -- .-- - -- -- -- --- - - - -- - - - - -- -. - - -- - -'-_.,~ -~ - . .w __ _., _, ,'" . . 0 0 0 0 .. CENSUS TOTAL LABOR NMBR UN- ~ UN- MEDIAN INCOME POP BELOW ~ POP TRACTS POP FORCE EMPLOYED EMPLOYED ) (S) POVERTY BELOW 1969 1979 LEVEL POV LVL -------------- 64 2,"27 576 97 16.8 3,958 7,291 2,/1193 1"" 57 87" 276 43 1~.6 4,625 5,5/11~ 92~ 1"" 55 4,999 2,"99 176 8.4 6,688 8,931 4,977 99 56 4,853 1,828 2"3 11.1 5,527 8,539 4,823 99 49 4,619 1,619 2"5 12.7 6,221 8,235 4,613 99 47 4,65/11 1,611 239 14.8 6,65" 9,652 4,6"8 99 48 2,764 823 11~ 14." 5,781 8,919 2,743 99 41 2,721 822 127 1~.~ ~,267 11,435 2,7"2 99 ~" 1,532 618 ~3 8.6 8,737 15,24" 1,524 99 44 6,13" 2,26~ 2"4 9." 8,279 12,645 6,"74 99 ~8 2,417 884 1"7 12.1 5,33" 8,377 2,369 98 42 8,665 2,791 453 16.2 7,2"8 1",~48 8,422 97 ~9 1,"26 322 92 28.6 6,391 8,462 96" 93 6" 387 168 23 13.7 5,269 8,641 358 92 65 926 147 28' 19." 6,46" 19,659 418 45 72 1,11" 1,174 ~3 14.6 4,286 12,398 272 24 54 4,/112/11 1,714 213 12.4 3,283 11,"72 ~96 15 CENSUS DATA FOR ENTERPRISE ZONE (SORTED BY % POPULATION BELOW POVERTY LEVEL) '''' ,.,." \, o o o :> . ANALYSIS OF CALIFORNIA'S ENTERPRISE ZONE LEGISLATION by Gerald H. Bonetto ----------------------- ----------------- BACKGROUND -------- In March, 1984, California became the 22nd state to pass legislation creating Enterprise Zones-~designated areas where tax breaks and other incentives are used to stimulate economic development. The California legislation, however, is unique. It is the result of the inability of the state legislature to agree upon a bipartisan proposal. As a consequence, the legislation consists of &wo separately aponsored bills--AB 40 (Nolan) and AB 514 (Waters)--which were "double-Joined" to assure bipartisan support for each bill. In being "double- jointed," both bills had to be enacted or neither could &ake effect and an Enterprise Zone could only be designated under either AB 40 or AB 514, but not under both bills. This legislative "compromise" was struck because Governor Deukmejian and the authors of the competing proposals thought that a national bill, with its own set of incentives, would soon pass. The national bill, they knew, authorized only 75 zones (50 urban and 25 rural) to be picked competitively from among Communities already receiving local and state zone benefits. They moved to guarantee California's place in the national competition. While national legislation has yet to pass, California cities and counties should not be wholly discouraged. For the word from states with operating zones is encouraging: Enterprise Zones are working, even Without a national package of incentives. In the year or so of their existence, operating zone in nine states have created or saved nearly 31,000 jobs, sparked ,',n I ,., II o o o ') ....." -2- the opening of 200 businesses, and stimulate private sector investment of $460 million. Moreover, operating zones have had a strong impact on the alleged deteriorating manufacturing sector. In the economy as a whole, firms engaged in manufacturing account for less than 21 percent of business activity. In Enteprise Zones, 29 percent of start-up business is in manufacturing industries. This is important because manufacturing creates the labor-intensive jobs on which unemployed youths and disadvantaged individuals are likely to be hired. Finally, based on a sample of zone hiring practices, 9,000 jobs (approximately 30 percent) have gone to previously unemployed or individuals dependent upon means-tested transfer payments. If we multiply this number of jobs by the average cost savings to the public for employing each worker, state zones can be credited with overall governmental savings of $36,486,000. Assuming that state and local governments bear two-thirds of the cost of support services, the average savings for the nine states surveyed comes to $2,642,000. . This !!S~~!!_!dvi!~I presents a comparative analysis of the Enterprise Zone Act (AB 40, Chapter 45, Statutes of 1984, Pat Nolan) and the Employment and Economic Incentive Act (AB 514, Chapter 44, Statutes of 1984, Haxine Waters). The analysis centers on the three major themes of the two bills: program structure, application and selection process, and economic incentives. The analysis shows that both programs offer many similar economic incentives for private investment in designated distressed areas--although the dollar value of similar incentives sometimes differs substantially. The analysis also shows that the program structure and application and selection process are redically different, reflecting the different notions of economic growth in the two bills. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AB 40 AND AB 514 ---------------------------- I. PROGRAN STRUCTURE AB 40. The Department of Commerce (formerly Department of Economic and Business Development) may designate as many as 10 Enterprise Zones, of which not more than 2 may be high-technology zones (computer, biological engineering, electronics, and telecommunications industries). All high-technology zones must be situated in close proximity to a university or college so as to permit industry the opportunity to foster a working relationship with them. The Department of Commerce, using the most recent census data, .... " o o o o -3- has identified all eligible areas (census tracts) that meet at least three of the following Urban Development Ac;ion Grant (UDAG) criteria: 1. Net increase in median family income between 1969 and 1979 must be $8,427 or less. 2. The average rate of unemployment for 1980 must have been 5.64 percent or more. 3. The percent of persons below the poverty level must be 12.4 percent or more. 4. A minimum of 70 percent of the households must have income below 80 percent of median county household income. Moreover, a city or county or city and county may petition that an area (census tract(s)) is eligible for filing a preliminary application. There are four categories under which a petition may be made: 1. A special census that shows an area now meets the eligibility criteria even though it did not at the time of the 1980 census. 2. A plant closure of at least 100 employees has occurred during the past two years. 3. An area is proven to be distressed by using criteria similar to those UDAG criteria initially used to determine eligibility. 4. Historic neighborhood/community boundaries, which do not correspond to the designated eligible area, should be followed. Each eligible area must contain a commercial area within the area boundaries, and, or an industrial area with the area boundaries or adjacent to the area. AB 514. The Department of Commerce may designate as many as 9 program areas to receive special economic development and employment development incentives. In complying with this mandate, the Department may designate not more than 3 areas by the end of 1984, not more than 6 by the end of 1985, and not more than 9 by the end of 1986. Applying the most recent census data (at the block level), the Department of Commerce has identified all areas High Density - o o o o -4- Unemployment Areas (HDUAs) that meet the following criteria: 1. The average rate of unemployment in the past 12 months was at least 1\ times the average national rate. 2. The average poverty rate in the past 12 months was at least 1\ times the average national rate. 3. At least 70 percent of the household earnings in the past 12 months was a maximum of 80 percent of the average state household earnings for the same period. Moreover, a local agency not qualifying based on this criteria can petition for identification as a distressed area on the basis of: . 1. A special census showing that the area now meets the eligibility criteria even though id did not at the time of the decennial census. 2. The area has experienced major economic dislocation caused by closure of a plant or federal installation with 12 months prior to the petition. 3. The area qualifies as a "pocket of poverty" under federal UDAG standards. Cities or counties that have communities within or near a High Density Unemployment Area (HDUA) may apply for participation in the program. The program itself consists of neighborhood economic development areas (NEDs) and targeted economic development are~s (TEDs). A NED is a commercial area within a High Density Unemployment Area. A TED consists of vacant or sparsely developed land, near, but not necessarily in, an High Density Unemployment Area and is intended for light industry or mixed business use. The designation of a NED must concurrently approve a TED serving the same High Density Unemployment Area. The TED does not require a complimentary NED. Designations are valid for five twice for up to ten more years. be designated for up to fifteen years and may be renewed Thus a TED/NED area could years. II. APPLICATION AID SELECTION PROCESS AB 40. The governing body of a city or county may submit a preliminary application for designation of an eligible area ".. . o o o o -5- or areas within its respective jurisdiction as an Enterprise Zone. The Department of Commerce shall award 20 preliminary applicants final applicant status, based upon competitive evaluation, and then select 10 final applicants as Enterprise Zones. In designating the Enterprise Zones, the Department shall select the applicants that best fulfill the following criteria: 1. Propose the most effective and comprehensive regulatory, tax, program and other incentives in attracting private aector investment in the proposed zone. For example, a. Regulatory Incentives--the suspension or relaxation of local building codes, zoning laws, general development plans or rent controls; the elimination or reduction of fees for applicants, permits, and local government services; and the establishment of a streamlined permit process. , b. Tax incentives--elimination or reduction of business license taxes and construction taxes. c. Other incentives--the provision or expansion of infrastructure, the targeting of federal block grant monies, the targeting of economic development grants and loans, UDAG and FDA grants, privatization of local government services, targeting federal Job Partnership Training Act funds, targeting federal or state transportation grants, targeting of federal or state low-income housing and rental assistance money. 2. Present the most innovative approach in establishing incentives. 3. Offer the greatest likelihood of being designated as a federal Enterprise Zone. 4. Meet the guidelines for the federal UDAG program or the area with the proposed zone has experienced plant closure within the past two years affecting more than 100 workers. 5. Develop an environmental impact report that sets forth the potential environmental impacts of any and all development within the zone. 6. Fulfill all further requirements as established and presented in the official Enterprise Zone regulations as established by the Department of Commerce. T o o -6- o o AB 514. A city or county may file a preliminary application with the Department of Commerce. ,The Department then selects 20 applicants annually to complete a final applica~ion. The Department may designate not more than 3 areas by the end of 1984, not more than 6 by the end of 1985, and not more than, by the end of 1986. In designating program areas, the Department shall select those areas that best address the following major components of the application. 1. A comprehensive economic development strategy. 2. A marketing plan for the recruitment of businesses to the program area. 3. A description of current economic development activities, including funding from the federal, state, and local governments devoted to these activities. 4. An estimate of the number of new jobs that will result from the program based on an employment needs assessment of the locality. 5. A plan of actions to reduce, remove, Simplify, or streamline local requirementa and the local permit process within the program area which does not endanger the public health, safety, and welfare of the community. 6. Involvement in the program by private entities, organiza_ tions, and neighborhood groups which may make contributions to the project. Furthermore, the bill requires the applicant to designate an agent who will be the prime facilitator of all activities relating to the zone program. This facilitator may be a community-based nonprofit organization, a jOint venture between the public and private sector, or an agency of the applicant. The program facilitator shall preside over a community advisory council. The members of the Council shall consist of at least one representative from each of the following groups: program area residents, businesses located in the area, local government, private industry council, small business development corporations, and communmity-based organizations. The advisory council shall 1) meet at least once a month during formulation of the economic development plan, 2) meet at least every three months to monitor progress, 3) initiate or coordinate community programs (e.g., neighborhood crime prevention, health and child care and job training). ~ '10 ,,,-' o o o o -7- III. ECONOKIC IRCENTIYES Both AS 40 and AB 514 offer a number of tax credits to eligible businesses within the program area. The tax benefits are designed to promote two kinds of activity: busiqess development within the zone, and job creation for unemployed zone residents. A. Tax Credit For Imployor g~!!!!!!~_!~!oyee AB 40. This bill zone which hire a is any individual categories: provides tax credits qualified employee. who falls within one to businesses in the A qualified employee of the following 1. A vocational rehabilitation referral. 2. An economically disadvantaged individual (180 days). 3. A Social Security Income (SSI) recipient (30 days). 4. A general assistance recipient (30 days). 5. An eligible foster child. 6. An eligible handicapped individual. 7. An eligible Aid To Family With Dependent Children (AFDC) recipient (90 days). As indicated in the above list, an individual has often to fall Within a category designation for a specific length of time to be considered a qualified employee in that category. AB S14. This bill defines a qualified employee differently than AB 40. Under AB 514, a qualified employee 1s an individual who has been an unemployed resident of a High Density Unemployment Area (HDUA) prior to being employed. Moreover, the individual must have been unemployed for at least three months prior to being employed to fall under the rubric of qualified employee. !!~~~!~!_!!!_~~!_Of!~ AB 40. Under this bill, the amount of credit against "net tax" for the taxable year is an amount equal to the sum of each of the following: 1. 50\ of the employee's wages in year 1. .... . . 0 0 0 0 -8- 2. 40\ of the employee's wages in year 2. 3. 30\ of the employee's wages in year 3. 4. 20\ of the employee's wages in year 4. 5. 10\ of the employee's wages in year 5. These credits against "net tax" are applicable for any qualified employee in the zone whole earnings do not exceed 1\ times the minimum wage. There are, moreover, two other conditions which limit the use of this tax incentive. First, wages paid to a qualified employee are reduced by the amount of any federally funded payment the employer receives for on-the-job training of that individual. Second, if a federal Enterprise Zone bill passes having an income tax credit for hiring disadvantaged individuals, the state credit provided in AB 40 is reduced so that the combined effect will not exceed the percentage of tax credit set forth in AB 40 (listed above). , AB S14. This bill offers a different amount of tax credit than AB 40 to qualified businesses which hire a qualified disadvantaged worker. The amount of credit against "net tax" for the taxable year is determined by the length of time the employee has been previously unemployed. The tax credits are set as follows: !!!~~OY!D BET~!!!-3 AND 6 MONTHS 1. $500 for the first year of employment 2. $700 for the second year of employment UNEMPLOYED FOR AT LEAST SIX MONTHS -------------- ------ 1. $600 for the first six months of employment 2. $600 for the second six months of employment 3. $700 for the second year of employment !!!~~~L~L!!~!L!!!.!L!~_!!!!f~I!!_!!~!Lf~f!!! e in t hL!~! AB 40. Under the provision of this bill, a qualified employee must 1. perform at least 90\ of his work for the taxpayer's business or trade which is located in the program area, and JIll I jJI. L o o o o -9- 2. perform at least 50~ of the work within the Enterprise Zone itself. AB S14. There are no provisions in this bill defining how much work an employee must perform in the program area. g~!!!!d Busin!!! AB 40. Any active business or trade located in an Enterprise Zone can take advantage of the employee tax credit for hiring qualified employees. AB 514. In contrast to Ab 40, AB 514 has a much stricter definition of qualified business. According to AB 514, a qualified business is defined as a business that 1. Has at least 50 percent of its employees who are residents of a High Density Unemployment Area (program area). 2. Has at least 30 percent of its employees who are residents of a High Density Unemployment Area, and bas set up community programs approved by the local governmental body and the community advisory council which oversees the program's implementation. 3. Is a joint venture between an existing business and a business owned by residents of the Higb Density Unemployment Area. These eligibility criteria will limit the number of firms that qualify for program benefits. Altbough no actual figures are available, it is doubtful that very many firms in the program area have at least 50 percent of area residents on the payroll. A firm could, of course, qualify for the credits if it has 30 percent of its employees from the program area, but it must then provide community service (e.g., police services or adopt-a-school programs). It is doubtful that more than a handful of businesses will undertake such projects. New small firms would have a particularly hard time qualifying for the benefits offered in AB 514. A small start-up firm of 8 employees, for example, would have to have at least 4 of its employees be residents of the program area. It could qualify if 3 of the employees are residents and the firm participates in some sort of community service. But most small, start-up businesses lack the capital, employee time, and management expertise needed to juggle business activity and community service. "" ., "" o o o o -10- !!!_!!~!!!!-!~r Hirinl~~alified Individuals On pase. 11 and 12 is an application of the credits of the two bills in similar situations. The comparison allow us to see the extent (in dollars) of the tax credit for hiring qualified individuals in AB 40 and AB 514. In the comparison, it is clear that AB 40 is superior to AB 514 on two accounts. First, AB 40 provides greater tax credits (in actual dollars) to be applied against "net tax" than AB 514. Second, the eligibility criteria for business is much broader in AB 40 than in AB 514, thereby allowing a greater number of firms to take advantage of the tax benefits. Since cities and counties applying for program designation already have ongoing business (without many residents of the program area as employees), AB 40 offers these busineases the added : incentive to remain and expand their operations within the program area. Moreover, new start-up businesses with the area are immediately eligible for the employee tax credit regardless of what percentage of zone residents are on the payroll. B. Tax Credit For Employee. AB 40. AB 40 Provides a non-refundable tax credit to qualified employees. The credit equals 5 percent of the employee's wage earned in ~nterprise Zone emPl.oyment. The maximum credit amount is~450 per employee; and the amount declines as a percentage of total income as the employee'. income rises. Furthermore, when an employee's income is over 1\ times the minimum wage ($14,000). he is no longer eligible for the credit. Federal, state, and local government employees are also. not eligible for the tax credit. AB 514. Under this bill, there is no tax credit for qualified employees who are working for a qualified business in the program area. C. Depreciation of Plant and Equipaent Both AB 40 and AB 514 offer methods to accelerate the write-off time of newly purchased property and allow for greater recovery in the earlier years. AB 40. This bill allows the taxpayer to use the accelerated cost recovery system method (ACRS) to depreciate any property which is Section 38 property under terms of the Internal Revenue Code. ACRS is applicable to any taxable year beginning in the year in which the property is placed in service. o .. o .- III ~ ... I 1 I 1 ..cl .., "'I 1 I I .. I ... ..cl ... '" &1-41 .. Ul 1 to>.. , tc~ I .... I ,",0 , ......1 >. .., ... C::"'I ..... . '"' 1 .. I >- 1 1 I ..., C::, N' 1 , 1 1 I ..I tIl' ... III ... III ~ ... >. ..... .. DO " . O:a = .. o 1&0 ... .., ::.: :1 " .. >-1 o 0 =:a I 1 1 1 1 I I tIl' DO"'I ... c:: ., o ~.;l ..... ... ..... >1 ......... E ...., "" C::I Z 0'.... '" ... .., N .... GO '" ... .., .... o '" 0- .., .... '" '" .., .... o o N ... N ... N ... .... .. GO '" ... .... ... '" ... .. .... 0- .., 0- '" .... GO .. '" .... o o N ... N GO GO ... ... .... o N .., .... .... '" ... .., N .... o .. '" N .... .. '" '" .., .... o '" 0- .., .... 0- ... N '" .... 0- 0- '" '" .... '" '" .., .... o o o N N o 0- .., 0- '" .... 0- ... ... 0- .... '" '" GO '" .... GO .. '" .... o o o N N .-11- o GO '" ... .... o '" '" .., .... '" ... .., N .... ... '" ... .. .... ... N ... ... .... .., o '" 0- ... 0- ... GO ... ... ... '" '" . .., .... o o N ... '" o ... 0- '" o ... .... .. '" N .. ... .... GO ... GO ... ... .... GO .. '" .... o o N ... '" .. '" '" .., ... ... N ... ... ... o '" '" .., .... 0- ... '" ... ... '" ... GO ... ... .... GO .., GO '" ... ... GO 0- ... 0- ... ... '" '" . .., .... o o o N '" .... '" .., 0- '" ... 0- ... CO ... ... .... GO ... GO ... ... .... ... '" ... .., N ... '" '" '" 0- N .... GO .. '" ... o o o N '" o .. U .. .... o .. Q, tIl ... ..c .. c:: o tIl .. .. Q, ... Q, .DO -c:: ... ... ... o .. .. .. Ul II! ... ... ~ tIl ... ..c .. .. o ... u ... DO o ... Ie . .. c:: ... c:: o ... .. U " ... .. .. .. ..c .. .. o 1&0 it o .. .. .. lI'l III ~ ... .. I , I , 1 , .<:1 .., "'ll , -I .. , ... I '" , 1'........1::1 ... II) .wI to> ....1 . 1 M... I .... ... 0 , ~:",I ... "ti"4 "'I ........t""ll .. , >0 I , 1 "" "I N' I 1 I I , .., OJ' ..., , I , I , , 1 I 1 I I .. I o I '" I :=] :1 " ... >0, 001 =:a I 1 I , 1 , OJ' OIl..., .... " ., 0... "I >. "" ....... ....1 ..... >1 ,&j....t ....1 E . "" "" '" lz: Cf....' . ~ III ~ ... >. ... II ... 011 " . O:a = o o . ... ... o o . N ... lI'l ... .., ... o o N ... N II " o lz: .. " o z II " o lz: o o . ... ... o o . N ... 1IO . lI'l ... o o N ... N o II " o z .. " o lz: .. " o lz: o o . ... ... o o . N ... lI'l ... .., ... o o o N N .. " o z II " o lz: .. " o lz: lI'l ... o o o N N -12- .. " o lz: II " o lz: .. " o z o o . ... ... o o . N ... 1IO . o o o N .... ... lI'l ... .., ... o o N ... ... .. " o z .. " o lz: .. " o z o o N . ... o o N .... ... 1IO . lI'l ... o o N ... ... .. " o z .. " o z II " o z o o N . ... o o N .... ... lI'l ... . .., ... o o o N ... '" ... II " o lz: II " o lz: II " o z II " o z o o N . ... o o N . ... o o N .... ... 1IO . . lI'l ... o o o N ... o .. U .. .... o .. Q. .. " o z OJ ... .<: .. " o .. " o Z OJ ... II Q. . Q. CIO " ... .Il .. o :It III ... o ::; cr .. '" II .. OJ .. ... A . ... to ... .<: .. ... o .... u ... 011 o ... M . .. " ... " o ... .. U " '" II ... II .<: .. .. o '" ... '" "",' o o o o -13- ACRS is a depreciation method which allows business~s to depreciate assets in an eztremely rapid manner for income tax purposes. By claiming large deductions for depreciation expense in the early years of an asset's life, the business is able to reduce it curreDt income tax burden. Therefore, ACRS is intended to create a powerful incentive for businesses to invest in new plant and equipment. This investment, in turn, should create new jobs and stimulate the entire economy through higher levels of production. ACRS speeds up the write~off of the cost of an asset in two ways. First, ACRS designates four "recovery periods" over which the cost of various types of assets are written off. In most cases, these recovery periods are substantially shorter than the useful life of the assets. The table that follows shows the percentages of an asset's total cost that may be written off in each year of the recovery period. TABLE I II ACRS DEPRECIATION RATES ------- ----- ----------- Recovery Year 3-year !!:operty 5-year Property 10-year ~f!!lI 15-year Pr~.!!lI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 25~ 38 37 15~ 22 21 21 21 8~ 14 12 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 12X 10 9 8 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 rOO~ roo~ roo~ roo~ ------------------- ----------------- Three-year property class consists of automobiles, light trucks, and machinery and equipment used in research and development. Five-year property class includes all other types of machinery and equipment, single purpose agriculture structures, and ..." . ,OJ, o o o o -14- petrolium storage facilities. Ten-year property class includes railroad tank cars, public utility property, recreational park facilities and structures, and manufactured homes. -Fifteen- year property consists of real property. How advantageous (or disadvantageious) is the ACRS method in comparison with alternative depreciation methods--for example, double declining balance. sum-of-the-years' digits, straight- line? To compare the ACRS and alternative depreciation methods, us consider the example of equipment costing $50,000 that an estimated useful life of eight year and a zero salvage value. let has TABLE IV - DEDUCTIONS USING ACRS METHOD AND DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE METHOD ---- ---------- --------------- DDB* ACRS Difference Year Method Method i!f!U!!LQ~!l ---- ------ 1 $15720 $ 7500 $-8220 2 9790 11000 +1210 3 7000 10500 +3500 4 5000 10500 +5500 5 35i70 10500 +6930 6 2980** -2980 7 2970 -2970 8 2970 -2970 $50000 $50000 $0-- ------------------- ------------------ *This method consists of doubling the straight-line depreciation rate and applying this double rate to the undepreciated cost of the asset. **Switched to straight-line method. In TABLE IV, we see that the first year depreciation amount under ACRS is less than under the double declining balance method. But this disadvantage is quickly overcome where the entire $50,000 cost is recovered by the end of the fifth year under the ACRS method. A similar pattern results when we compare ACRS With sum-of-the years' digits method. "". . . o o -15- o o TABLE V DEDUCTIONS USING SUM-OF-YEARS' DIGITS AND ACRS METHODS ---------- -------------- x!!!. Sum-of-Years' !!!!~~~* ACRS Method --- Difference i!f!L!!!!_!=!l 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 $11112 9723 8334 694S SSS6 4167 2778 -.SOOOO $ 7S00 11000 10SOO 10SOO 10SOO $-3612 +1277 +2166 +3SSS +4944 -4167 -2778 -1389 . 0 $50000 ---------------------- ------------- *The depreciation rate used is a is the remaining years of useful sum of the years of useful life. fraction, of which the numerator life and the denominator is the Finally, an even more dramatic difference is aeen when we compare ACRS with the striaght-line method, which is the simplist and most often used method of computing depreciation. TABLE VI DEDUCTIONS USING STRAIGHT-LINE AND ACRS METHODS ----------------- ------- ------------------ Year Straight-line !!lliod* ACRS !!.!!~ Difference i!CRL!!!! S-L) 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 $62S0 62S0 62S0 62S0 62S0 6250 62S0 62S0 $50000 $ 7S00 11000 10SOO 10SOO 10SOO $+12S0 ..4750 +4250 +42S0 +42S0 -6250 -6250 -6250 $"--0- $50000 ------------------------------ *An equal portion of the cost of the asset is allocated to each period of use. ---------------- What real difference does the ACRS method make? Let us, for instance, assume a SO percent tax bracket. Additional income will be sheltered, and taxes will be aff~ted under the DDB . no .'_~__'~"__ I_'___,~' o o -16- o o and straight-line as shown in TABLES YII and YIII. TABLE YII COMPARISON OF TAX EFFECT OF DDB AND ACRS ----------------------- ----- Ye!! ACRS lli!ll! e d TAX EFFECT =ill lla te 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $-8220 +1210 +:)500 +5500 +6930 -2980 -2970 -2970 $ 0- $-4110 + 605 +1750 +2750 +3465 -1490 -1485 -1485 .--0-- ---------- ------------------------ TABLE YI II COMPARISON OF TAX EFFECT OF STRAIGHT-LINE AND ACRS ---------------- !!.!! ACRS !he lter TAX EFFECT -50'1. Rate 1 .2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $+1250 +4750 +4250 +4250 +4250 -6250 -6250 -6250 $a- $+ 625 +2375 +2125 +2125 +2125 -3125 -3125 -3125 .--0- ------------------------ ------ It is necessary to take these figures a step further to spot the advantages or disadvantages of the ACRS over the DDB and straight-line methods. We begin With the question, under which method does a business have the most attractive "loan balance." TABLES IX and X compare the "laon balance" of ACRS with DDB and Striaght-line, respectively. lUI I Jill" II o o o o -17- TABLE IX CULMULATIVE DEFERRED TAX BALANCE (LOAN): ACRS AND DDB --------- --------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cumulative Deferred !.!!-!! la nc e Year $-4110 -3505 -1755 + 995 +4460 +2790 +1485 -0- ------------ ------------- TABLE X CUMULATIVE DEFERRED TAX BALANCE (LOAN): ACRS AND STRAIGHT-LINE ---------- -------------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cumulative Deferred Tax Balance Year $+ 625 +3000 +5125 +7250 +9375 +6250 +3125 -0- --------------------------------------- In TABLES VII and IX, we lee that the ACRS method offers no advantage over the DDB method. In fact, in terms of "loan balance," the DDB method is more advantageous, giving business a more attractive "loan balance" in the years immediately following the purchase of equipment. On the other hand, ACRS is more advantageous than straight-line. The taxes saved in the first five years give the business an attractive "loan balance" through the s~venth',ear. This additional annual capital can be viewed in two ways. First, it can reduce the amount of borrowed funds that the business uses and thereby save the pre-tax interest expense. 'Ill '.,.", o o o o -18- Second, it can also represent capi~al beyond debt requirements that C.n be invested in tbe growth of the business~ AB 514. This bill allows for the t.xpayer to expense 40 percent of the cost of eligible property as . deduction for the taxable ye.r in which the property is pl.ced in service. ~!!!!!~_!!~ferty. Elig~ble property includes machinery and m.chinery p.rts used for tbe fabric.ting, processing, .ssemb.~_ ing, .nd m.nufacturing m.chinery and m.chinery parts used for the production of renew.ble energy resources or .ir or water pollution control mechanisms. It .lso includes property used .s an "integral part" of a qualified business witbin the program area. Extent of T.x Credit. The .ggregate cost which may be taken Into-acco;n~xpe;Sed) for any taxable year shall not exceed the following applicable amount for the taxable year of the designation of a progr.m .rea and taxable year thereafter: the applicable amount is: Taxable ye.r of design.tion............$5000 1st taxa~le year thereafter............$5000 2nd taxable year there.fter............$7500 3rd taxable year thereafter............$7500 Each taxable year thereafter...........$IOOOO To illustrate the use of this t.x credit, .Ssume th.t . business purchases equipment for $10,000 with a life of 5 ye.rs .nd no salvage value. The expensing election would be $2000 (40~ x $5000). Moreover, the lost depreciation of the purchase is not recoverable in subsequent years. A comparison of the tax effect of the expensing and ACRS methods is seen in TABLE XI. We see that in the first year is greater under expensing than under ACRS. This g~ves business a favor.ble "lo.~ bal.nce" through the third ~ear--even though the advantage of expensing is overcome by the third year. Furthermore, if the annual deferred tax .ccumulation (the loan balance) under the two metbod was invested at 10 percent compounded yield, the earnings over the five year period would be $2013 and $2717 from expensing .nd ACRS t.x methods, respectively. .m ',a, o o o c> -19- TABLE XI COMPARISON OF EXPENSING AND ACRS: TAX EFFECT AND COMPOUND YIELD AT 101 ------------ ------- --- 1 2 3 4 S Differenc.e ll!.:.::!f!ll $+1250 -1100 -IOSO -IOSO -lOSO ::)000 Tax Effect =!.:.!_Rate $+1130 - 994 - 949 -949 - 949 =2"711- Year ----- ----- ------ D. Sales Tax Credit - AB 40. There is no provision in this bill for a sales tax credit. AB 514. Under this bill, there is a sales tax credit equal to the amount of sales tax paid by the taxpayer on purchases of qualified property. Qualified property consists of machinery parts used in fabricating, processing, assembling, and machinery parts used for the production of renewable energy resources or air or water pollution control machanisms. To illustrate the potential tax effect of this credit, let us review the following example: Purchase Price of Property Sales Tax ($SOOOO x 6.S1) Deduc.tion Lost (6S00 x 9.61--state corporate rate $SOOOO 6500 -- 624 ----- Sales Tax Credit $.S876 We can see from the sample calculations that the amount that the amount that can be added to a companies income is substantial. The drawback of the incentive is that the category of eligible property is so narrow that few businesses--especially small start-up businesses--will be able to take advantage of this credit. "Ill "," o o o o -20- D. Sales Tax Cradit AB 40. There is no provision in this bill for a sales tax credit. AB 514. Under this bill, there is a sales tax credit equal to the amount of sales tax paid by the taxpayer on purchase of qualified property. Such property consists of machinery and machinery parts used in fabricating, processing, assembling, and machinery parts used for the production of renewable energy resources or air or water pollution control mechanisms. To illustrate the potential tax effect of this credit, let us review the following example. Purchase Price of Property Sales Tax ($50000 x 6.5~) $50000 6500 --- Deduction Lost (6500 x 9.6~--corporate tax rate) 624 -- Sales Tax Credit $ 5876 We can see that the amount added to company income can be aubstantial. The drawback is seemingly obvious. The incentive is apparently restrictive in the kinds of property that qualifies for the credit. Thus few businesses. will be able to take advantage of it. Yet the legislation ia so obtuse that, upon our reading, that much manufacturing production machinery also qualifies. E. OPERATING LOSS CARRYOYER AI 40~ A net operating loss is allowed a taxpayer engaged in the conduct ~f business or trade within an Enterprise Zone. The operating loss carryover provision is applicable for up to 15 years (5 years for financial institutions). (See AB 514 Section for an analysis of this credit). AB 514. A net operating loss for any taxable year beginning on or after the date that the taxpayer becomes a qualified business shall be eligible for a net operating loss carryover to each of the three taxable years following the taxable year of loss. The handling of operating loss carryover is seen in TABLE XII. "'" I."', () o o o -21- ... .. II .. >< 8 ... .... ... .... ~I c 8 .q c 8 ... I c 8 .., ~I N ... .... N .... .,., 8 ~I 8 8 .. .,., ... E II ... ... I " .. '" .... E >< ... .... .... c .... ... E c 0 c .,., .,., . c 0 .., .., .... ... N 8 II c .... N .,., ... .... .., C N .... .., .., ... .... .., N .... .. .,., N ... .... 1 II ... + I 0 .. ... Illl I >< .... II foI I E > I 0 0 I u >< I c Illl .... Illl < ... Co) ~I II .. .., 0 .., 8 c '" 8 8 .. '" .. 0- .., .... C II .... .., on ... 0 .. N ... ... I ~ >< ... I I I .... .... ~ CI ... Z ... 0- ... < .. Illl .... foI 0. N II 0 8 il .... .. 8 .q 8 c CI II N .... .. z .. .q .. ... .. 0 po ... .,., c .,., ... .... I I ... I .... :. I .... .... 0 ... = II '" 0 ... c z .q .... foI II .... :E ... ... ~l .q N .. N .. 0 foI .. N N ... ... ... II on C I II < .. ... ... .... Illl ... >< .... I I '" ... Ie .... II foI .... ... :E Ie 0 C II .. .. ... 0 ... 0. ... ... z .. II .. & .. Ie " ... ~ ... II .. .. .. U II ... 0 . ~ .. ... .. 0 c .. ~ c. ~ foI .. C ~ & >. ... 0 .. .. .. III Q .. .. II .. .. Q, .. .. 0 ... Q, Ie u .. .. Ie .. ... 0 < C II Ie II C 011 II 0 ....~ 0 to :E '" foI ...... ~o ... Co) <-- ... l Ill. 1..l.JI, il , o o o o -22- As seen ~n TABLE XII, a aet operating loss carryover enables a business to reduce tax disbursements in future years. Under the provisions of AB Sl4, the net operating loss carryover is restricted to three consecutive years (years 1-4). Thus the loss in year S is not eltcible for carryover. On the other hand, since AB 40 permits operating loss carryover for IS nonconsecutive years, the loss in year S may be carried forward. Thus AB 40 gives small (start-up) business a greater opportunity to succeed--since many of these firms over a considerable period of time often have a positive cash flow but. net income loss. P. Inyest.ent IDco.e EzemptioD AB 40. Exempts from the cross income of a taxpayer any income derived from an investment in a development or project located within an Enterprise Zone. This provision is applicable to investors but not to developers or operators .of developments or projects in enterprise areas. AB S14. Exempts from the gross income of a taxpayer income earned from an investment in a NED/TED program area. A business owner or operator of the business cannot claim the exemption. ~. ~overnmeDt LaDd Lease AB 40 and AB S14 have similar provisions. All property which is owned by the state or local government within the program area and is not in current use by that government and which is not necessary for a public purpose of the state. or. local agency may be leased to a Deighborhood association (and NED or TED area agent) at ter.s to be specified. Any lease agreement so executed shall permit the corporation (or NED/TED agent) the freedo. to sublease or assign its leasehold interest to private entities conducting or intending to conduct business operations iwthin the area. B. PrefereDce Points on State Contracts This provision is in AB S14, which authorizes the contract preference to business in an Enterprise Zone. The bill provides preference points to a bidder on a state contract for goods in excess of $100,000 who conducts at least SO\ of the labor at a worksite located in a High Density Unemployment Area or Enterprise Zone. Further preference points (up to IS) would be awarded if the bidder agrees to hire persons living with the area. ... . ... , .0 o o o -23- I. Iadustrial Developmeat Boads AS 514 makes this authorization applicable to NEDs/TEDs and Enterprise Zones (in AB 40). The provision is operative only until December 1986. and specifies the California Industrial Development Financing Advisory Commission to authorize an annual maximum amount of qualifying bonds of $75,000,000. The principal incentive provided by development bonds is the tax exempt status of the interest paid to the bondholders, which translates into lower borrowing costs and, therefore, reduced debt service or lease payments to the business against whose revenues the bonds are secured. This provision is made more attractive since the passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1984. This law places several sdditional restrictions on the use of tax exempt private activity bonds, among which ia a ceiling on the amount of bond that can be issued by governmental units with a atate during any year. It is assumed thst this ceiling will not apply to program areas of AB 514 and AB 40. J. Job Traiaiag Priority AB 514 allows for program areas under both AB 514 and AB 40 receive ~!~_friori!I in training unemployed area residents. The bill calls for the Employment Development Department and the Department of Education to give this priority. The Department of Economic and Business Development mal also aasist local agents in designating local bUSiness, labor, and education consortia to borker activities between the employment community and educational and training institutions. Any available discretionary funds may be used to assist the creation of those consortia. K. Business Development Loans AB 514 requires that the Office of Small Business Development establish regulations which !!!!_f!!!!!~ for their existing loan guarantee program to qualified businesses in the program areas under either AB 514 or AB 40. Two stipulations, however, further limit the application of this preference: the owners of the business must he residents of the program area, or the business must be a joint venture between residents of the program area and an existing business. , c o -24- L. EDerlY LoaD PrefereDce '.'U L ".".' o o ) AB 514 calls for a ~h_prioritt in ranking loan applications by the State Assistance Fund for Energy, California Business and Development Corporation,'be given to qualifed businesses in a NED/TED. This preference is also applicable to any business located within an Enterprise Zone. This loan, of course, would go toward the purchasing or providing alternative energy systems.