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HomeMy WebLinkAboutR5- Economic Development (2) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO REQUEST FOR COMMISSION/COUNCIL ACTION FROM: BARBARA J.LINDSETH SUBJECT: HUD CONSOLIDATED PLAN Acting Director DATE: May 8, 1995 Synopsis of Previous Commission/Council/Committee Action(s): On December 5, 1994,City Council held a public hearing in order to solicit input regarding community needs relative to the development of the Consolidated Plan. On May 1, 1995,City Council set the public hearing for final review and comments regarding the draft Consolidated Plan for May 15, 1995,at 3 :00 p.m. Recommended Motion OPEN PUBLIC HEARING CLOSE PUBLIC HEARING (Mayor and Common Council) MOTION A: That the Mayor and Common Council approve and adopt the Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee(CDCAC)recommendations for fiscal year 1995 Community Development Block Grant(CDBG),Home Partnership(HOME)and Emergency Shelter Grant(ESG)funded projects and authorize the Mayor to submit these projects as part of the action plan component of the overall Consolidated Plan to the U.S.Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD). Recommended Motions continued on next page..... Administrator BARBARA J.LINDSETH Acting Director ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contact Person(s): Barbara Lindseth/Emily Wong Phone: 5081 ProjectArea(s): City-wide Ward(s): 1-7 Supporting Data Attached: Staff Report Draft Consolidated Plan•Resolutions FUNDING REQUIREMENTS: Amount: N/A Source: FY 95-96 CDBG HOME.ESG Budget Authority: HUD CDBG HOME ESG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Commission/Council Notes: ----------------------------------------------------------------- BJL:EMW:cnsldted.plan(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA 175 15 MEETING DATE: 05/15/1995 • ..7 Res Agenda Item No. R G Request for Commissiomouncil Action HUD Consolidated Plan May 8, 1995 Page Number-2- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Recommended Motion(s) Continued... MOTION B: RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO APPROVING A CERTAIN CONSOLIDATED PLAN IN CONNECTION WITH IMPLEMENTING VARIOUS FEDERAL GRANT FUNDED PROGRAMS MOTION C: RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AUTHORIZING THE MAYOR TO EXECUTE SUCH DOCUMENTS AND TAKE SUCH ACTIONS AS MAY BE DEEMED NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT THE CITY'S CONSOLIDATED PLAN ----------------------------------------------------------------- BJL:EMW:cnsldted.plan(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 015/15/1995 Agenda Item No. f ECOimOMIC DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO STAFF REPORT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HUD CONSOLIDATED PLAN BACKGROUND This year the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is requiring that all entitlement cities prepare and submit a five(5) year comprehensive planning document entitled "HUD Consolidated Plan". The Consolidated Plan is a comprehensive five (5) year strategy that addresses the use of Federal grant/entitlement funds(such as Community Development Block Grant, Home Investment Partnership Act, and Emergency Shelter Grant Program) for the purpose of meeting the goals of providing decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expanded economic opportunities, principally for low- and very low income persons. The Consolidated Plan combines the application and reporting requirement for four(4) federal formula grant programs. It replaces the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy(CHAS) and the applications for the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), Home Investment Partnership Act (HOME), Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG). The Consolidated Plan is composed of three parts: 1) The first section of the Consolidated Plan evaluates the Housing and Community Development Needs for the City of San Bernardino. This includes an assessment of housing needs for extremely low, very low-and low-income families, including the needs of homeless individuals and families. In addition, a housing market analysis was completed that includes a review of housing; 2)Based on this information, a five(5) year strategic plan was developed which includes priorities for assisting categories of residents by income level, objective statements, proposed programs, as well as accomplishments that are expected to be achieved in the next five(5)years; 3) An annual Action Plan provides a one (1) year investment plan which outlines intended use of resources, sets goals of the numbers of individuals and families to be assisted by income level, and describes activities to be undertaken. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION In response to the requirement of the Consolidated Plan, the City of San Bernardino developed and implemented a community outreach process to obtain input into the community on the housing and non housing community development needs of the City. On December 5, 1994, the City Council held a public hearing in order to solicit public comments regarding housing and community development needs, issues and problems which are addressed in the needs assessment portion of the Consolidated Plan. Additionally, four separate town meeting were held on February 8, February 13, February 15, and March 1, of 1995 during both day and evening hours in order to accommodate most of the public. A meeting was also held to solicit input from subrecipents, public service providers and other inter-governmental agencies. ----------------------------------------------------------------- • BJL:EMW:cnsldted.plan(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 05/15/1995 Agenda Item No. ECONOMIC DEVELOFiviENT AGENCY STAFF REPORT HUD Consolidated Plan Page Number-3- ,'O* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CDBG PROPOSAL REVIEW PROCESS The anticipated 1995 CDBG allocation for the City of San Bernardino is $4,055,000.00. A total of 105 proposals were received and reviewed by Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee (CDCAC) for a total of$7,027,648.55. In the area of public services a total of $1,085,175 in funding requests were received with only $608,250 available for allocation. In the capital improvement/economic development category, a total of$5,942,473.35 in funding requests were received with only $1,935,750 available for allocation. The CDCAC week long review process included evaluation of applications, presentation for applicants, and formulation of final recommendations to the Mayor and Common Council. The final recommendations of the CDCAC are listed in the attached Consolidated Plan under Part VII- One(1) Year Action Plan. All proposals received were considered by the CDCAC and recommendations were based on the individual merit of each proposal. Whenever applicable, the CDCAC took into consideration the needs assessment, the strategic plan and the list of ranked city priority projects provided by the City Administrator's Office. Staff has also reviewed the basic eligibility of programs, projects and activities recommended by the CDCAC. However, final eligibility will be determined by HUD. The summary listing of those projects identified under the Action Plan along with the CDCAC recommended funding allocations are provided below: CDBG - Program Administration $811,000 - Housing Rehabilitation $700,000 - Abraham Lincoln Elementary School,Healthy Start Family Center $20,000 - Casa De San Bernardino,Inc.,Interior Building Modification $6,275 - City of San Bernardino City Administrator's Office Neighborhood Revitalization Project $206,320 - City of San Bernardino Unreinforced Seismic Retrofit Program $125,653 - Mobilehome Board of the Economic Development Agency,Mobilehome Inspection Program $50,000 - Mobilehome Board of the Economic Development Agency,Handyworker Program $50,000 - City of San Bernardino Facilities Management Department-City Hall ADA Restroom Retrofit $22,000 - City of San Bernardino Parks,Recreation&Community Services-La Plaza Park Tot Lot $60,600 - City of San Bernardino Parks,Recreation&Community Services-Guiterrez Ballfield Lighting Retrofit $89,948 - City of San Bernardino Parks,Recreation&Community Services-Delmann Heights Park Tot Lot $71,820 - Highland District Counsel on Aging-Highland Senior Center Installation of Heating&Air Conditioning $70,000 - City of San Bernardino Fire Department-Fire Station Exhaust System $20,000 - Camp Fire Boys and Girls Club,San Andreas Council-Facility Renovation $45,200 - Frazee Community Center,Mill Street Site Facility Renovation $60,000 - Mary's Mercy Center-Remodel of Shower Facility $51,248 - Victory Outreach of San Bernardino-Headquarter Renovation Project $80,000 - Center for Individuals with Disabilities-CID Locker Room Flooring $15,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------- BJL:EMW:cns1dted.p1an(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 05/15/1995 Agenda Item No. ECONOMIC DEVELOPiv1ENT AGENCY STAFF REPORT HUD Consolidated Plan Page Number-4- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Economic Development Agency of the City of San Bernardino-ADA Upgrades 201 Bldg $66,286 - Easter Seal Society-Parking Lot Project $35,000 - Highland Avenue Area Business Association-Highland Avenue Lighting Project $50,400 - Economic Development Agency of the City of San Bernardino-California Theater Rehabilitation $300,000 - EDA-Office of Business Development Employment Linkage With Private Industry Council $240,000 - Economic Development Agency Downtown Commercial Facade Improvement Program $200,000 - Los Padrinos of Southern California Intervention/Outreach Youth Counseling Program $20,000 - Children's Network of San Bernardino County,Child Care Planning and Education $20,000 - Home of Neighborly Service of San Bernardino,Home of Neighborly Service Programs $20,000 - Children's Fund,Children's Fund Emergency Services $20,000 - Meadowbrook Amateur Boxing Academy,Youth Boxing Program $19,600 - San Bernardino Child Advocacy,Juvenile Mentor Counseling Program $20,000 - Easter Seal Society of the Inland Counties,Head Injury Counseling Services $20,000 - City of San Bernardino Employment Training Agency,Support Services for Job Training $20,000 - City of San Bernardino Parks,Recreation&Community Svcs(Unite as One)Youth Program $10,000 - City of San Bernardino Parks,Recreation&Community Svcs West Side Steppers Drill&Drum Squad $10,000 - Family Services Agency of San Bernardino Suicide Crisis Intervention Services $20,000 - Rolling Start,Deaf Services $13,800 - Camp Fire Boys and Girls Club,Kids Klub $20,000 - San Bernardino Sexual Assault Services,Bilingual Sexual Abuse Counseling Services $20,000 - Arrowhead United Way,United Way Information&Referral Service $20,000 - Operation Grace,Transitional Housing Program $20,000 - Highland District Council on Aging,Highland Senior Center $20,000 - Legal Aid Society of San Bernardino,Legal Aid Clinic $20,000 _ - House of Ruth,House of Ruth Battered Woman Shelter $20,000 - Frazee Community Center,Frazee Emergency Services Center $20,000 - Teddy Bear Tymes Child Care Center $7,000 - YMCA of San Bernardino,YMCA Youth/Teen Leadership Program $20,000 - San Bernardino Community Against Drugs,Youth Drug Prevention Program $20,000 - Salvation Army,Hospitality House Support Services $20,000 - SELF,Education,Law Enforcement,Family Youth,Youth Intervention Program $10,000 - Center for Individuals with Disabilities,Project LEO $10,000 - Greater San Bernardino Area Special Olympics,San Bernardino Area Special Olympics Program $10,000 - FADD,Family Against Dangerous Drugs $20,000 - San Bernardino City Unified School District,Emmerton Community Collaborative Project $20,000 - Community Services Department of San Bernardino County,Arden-Guthrie Multi-Purpose Center $20,000 - Option House,Option House Shelter $20,000 - Libreria Del Pueblo,Immigration Services $20,000 - Inland Empire Deaf Community Services,Deaf Services in Housing&Employment Assistance $20,000 - Mary's Mercy Center,Mary's Table Emergency Food Program $4,055,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------- BJL:EMW:cnsldted.plan(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 05/15/1995 Agenda Item No. ECONOMIC DEVELO*NT AGENCY STAFF REPORT HUD Consolidated Plan Page Number-5- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HOME - Program Administration $146,000 - Moderate Rehabilitation $922,000 - CHDO Activity $219,000 - Tenant Based Assistance $100,000 - CHDO Administration 7 0 $1,460,000 ESG - Rehabilitation $16,000 - Essential Services $22,700 - Operations $62,350 - Homeless Prevention $12,000 - Administration $ $119,000 The CDCAC also reviewed the Baseline Merchant Association's FY 1994/95 and FY 1995/96 CDBG proposals. The Committee has specificially recommended that funds allocated towards the Baseline project be expended in a timely manner and pursuant to the scope of services identified in the proposal prior to making any future recommendations for funding additional projects. RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends adoption of form Motion A, B and C. n i BARBARA J. LINDSETH,Acting Director Development Department ----------------------------------------------------------------- BJL:EMW:msldted.p1an(adw) COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 05/15/1995 Agenda Item No. EXHIBIT "A" THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO CONSOLIDATED PLAN FOR FISCAL YEARS 1995-99 DRAFT 0 FY 1995 FIVE CONSOLIDATED PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I A. Purpose and Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATION A. Citizen Participation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 B. Consultations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 III. HOUSING and HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 A. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 B. Housing Needs Ifor The Next Five Years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 C. Categories of-Persons Affected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table I C - Housing Assistance Needs of Low & Moderate-income Households . . . . . . . 17 I. Extremely Low-Income• • . • • • • • • • • . • . • • • . • • • . • • • • . . . • • . • • • . . • • . • • • 20 2. Very Low-Income 21 3. Other Low Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4. Moderate Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.. Middle-Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6. Total Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7. Public Housing - Section 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.First Time Homebuyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9. Elderly Persons with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 D. Nature and Extent of Homelessness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Needs of Sheltered Homeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 1. Needs of Sheltered Homeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2. Needs of the Unsheltered Homeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3. Needs of Subpopulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4. Needs of Persons Threatened with Homelessness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5. Table I D - Homeless Population & Subpopulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 E. Populations with Special Needs - Other than Homeless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 1. Needs for Supportive Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2 .Table I E - Non-Homeless Special Needs Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 IV. NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A. Public Facilities and Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 B. Job Creation and Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 C. Public Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 D. Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 V. HOUSING AND MARKET ANALYSIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 A. Marketing and Inventory Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 1. Community Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 a. Background and Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 b. Demographics/Low-Income and Ethnic Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 c. Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 d. Table I A - Population & Household Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 2. Market and Inventory Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 a. General Market and Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 b. Assisted Housing Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 1. Public Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 2. Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 3. Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 CHAS Table I B 79 c. Inventory of Facilities and Services for the Homeless and Persons Threatened with Homelessness 80 d. Inventory of Supportive Housing for Non-Homeless Persons with Special Needs . . . 83 3. Available Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 A. Federal Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 B. Non-Federal Public . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 1. State Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 2. Local Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 C. Private Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 I. For-Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 2. Non-Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 VI. HOUSING AND NON-HOUSING STRATEGIC PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 A. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 B. Priority Analysis and Strategy Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 • CPD Priority Needs Summary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Priority #1: Preservation and Rehabilitation of Affordable Housing Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 i. Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 ii. Strategy Development - Investment Plan (Activities and Programs) . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 i. Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 • Priority #2: Assist Low Income First Time Home Buyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 i. Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 ii. Strategy Development - Investment Plan (Activities and Programs) . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 iii. Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 • Priority #3 Expansion of Affordable Housing for Low-Income Families Through New Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 i. Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 ii. Strategy Development - Investment Plan (Activities and Programs) . . . . . . . . . . . 104 iii. Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 • Priority #4: Provide Rental Assistance to Very Low Income Households . . . . . . . . . . . 107 i. Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 ii. Strategy Development - Investment Plan (Activities and Programs) . . . . . . . . . . . 110 iii. Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 • Priority #5: Assist Homeless and Sepcial Needs Persons with Supportive Services . . . . . 113 i. Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 ii. Strategy Development - Investment Plan (Activities and Programs) . . . . . . . . . . . 114 iii. Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 16 C. Homelessness Strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 16 D. Other Special Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 19 1. Frail Elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 19 2. Persons with Mental Disabilities . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 3. Persons with Physical/Development Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 120 4. Persons with Alcohol or Other Drug Addiction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 5. Persons with AIDS/HIV . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 E. Non-Housing Community Development Needs. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .120 F. Overcoming Barriers to Affordable Housing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 G. Lead-Based Paint Reduction Strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129 H. Anti-Poverty Strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130 I. Institutional Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 JCoordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 K. Public Housing Resident Initiatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 VII. ONE YEAR ACTION PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 VIII. CERTIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 IX. MONITORING PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184 I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose and Content During calendar year 1994, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)issued proposed rules relating to the consolidation of several formula grant programs. These programs are the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), Home Investment Partnership (HOME), Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG), and Housing Opportunities for People with AIDS (HOPWA). The City of San Bernardino currently participates in the first three programs. The City administers the first three programs and the County of Riverside administers the HOPWA. The purpose of the Consolidated Plan Submission(CPS)is to assist the consolidation process by bringing together the planning, application, reporting, and citizen participation components of each of these formula grant programs. The City of San Bernardino, a Charter City under a Mayor-elected form of government in the State of California, is the Lead Agency responsible for overseeing the development of the Plan. These programs have three basic goals: securing decent housing; providing a suitable living environment; and expanding economic opportunities. Providing decent housing includes rehabilitating the housing stock, providing opportunities for first time home buyers, and increasing the availability of permanent affordable housing for low-income households without discrimination. Providing a suitable living environment includes improving the safety and livability of neighborhoods; enhancing housing opportunities for low income persons and minorities; revitalizing neighborhoods; restoring and preserving natural and physical features with historic, architectural, and aesthetic value; and conserving energy resources. To expand economic opportunities, the comprehensive approach encourages job creation, stimulating access to credit for community development, and assisting low- income persons with achieving self-sufficiency in federally assisted housing. The Consolidated Plan consists of four main components. 1. Housing and Market Analysis (formerly CHAS Community Profile) - A description of the housing market conditions including supply and demand, condition of the housing stock, cost of housing, concentrations of households by income and/or race/ethnicity and the inventory factors affecting the availability of affordable housing within the City of San Bernardino. 2. Housing and Nonhousing Community Development Needs - This section is an assessment of the current and projected housing needs of low and middle income families, homeless families and individuals, and others with special needs who require supportive services. In addition, it considers what resources are currently available to meet those needs. This portion of the Consolidated Plan documents the housing and non-housing community development needs in the ensuing five years in the City of San Bernardino. The Needs Assessment is the result of input obtained from the citizen participation process including the required consultations and analysis of HUD and census data. 1 3. Strategic Plan (Form- 'v CHAS Five Year Strategy)-The StrI7*^gic Plan identifies the City's strategies, priority ne,.,s, and objectives of its Consolidated . _..n. The Five Year Strategy contains an analysis of the City's general housing priorities, the programs that will be used to achieve these priorities and the resources that will be used to fund these programs. Additional sections of the Five Year Strategy address the relevant public policies, court orders and other constraints or barriers that may impact opportunities for affordable housing, describe the public, private and non-profit organizational structure, address the City's strategy to remove or ameliorate negative effects of public policies that serve as barriers to affordable housing, describe activities that encourage public housing residents to become more involved in management and participate in home ownership, describe the City's lead-based paint hazard identification and reduction strategy, provide an anti-poverty strategy, identify measures to overcome gaps in the institutional structure that will implement the strategy for addressing priority needs, and describe activities that will enhance coordination between public entities. 4. One Year Action Plan (formerly CHAS Annual Plan) - This section constitutes the One Year _ Action Plan of the new five year Consolidated Plan and is to be followed by an action plan in each of the subsequent four years. This one year action plan sets forth a specific plan for investment or use of affordable and supportive housing funds and non-housing community development funds that are expected to be available during the coming Federal fiscal year, determine goals for individuals and households to be assisted, and describe the implementation plan guiding the activities and other actions to be taken. This annual plan discusses specific plans and programs for the period July 1, 1995 to June 30, 1996 affordable housing needs and Non- housing community development needs. 2 IL CITIZEN PARTIC ATION AND CONSULTATION As part of preparing the Consolidated Plan, the City of San Bernardino solicited citizen input and consulted with public and private agencies as required by HUD regulations. The input received from this process was part of determining the City's housing and non-housing community development needs. The Citizen Participation and Consultation process and its results are described below: A. Citizen Participation Consolidated Plan Development Through a Town Meeting/Consultant Model. The FY 1995 Five Year Consolidated Plan was developed through the administrative efforts of the Economic Development Agency, and the San Bernardino County Housing Authority. In addition, consultant assistance was furnished by Comprehensive Housing Services, Inc. As in the development of previous CHAS documents, the Economic Development Agency was given the role of lead agency in gathering and analyzing the relevant data for the development of the FY 1995 Five Year Consolidated Plan. Discussions among City departments in regard to the implementation of the FY 1995 Five Year Consolidated Plan has also provided a logical forum through which to develop this new plan. Comprehensive Housing Services, Inc. staff have augmented City staff by assisting in the preparation of the narrative and providing technical assistance as needed. The process involved coordination with local agencies and groups. In assessing the housing and non-housing community development needs for the next five years of the City, HUD and census data were analyzed. Some of this analysis was done when the City prepared its Comprehensive Housing Assessment Strategy(CHAS)Fiscal Year 1994 Five Year Plan. Prior to assessing these needs,the Consolidated Plan provides background information that is helpful in understanding these needs. The City scheduled a series of public meetings which would allow input from various citizens and organizations and collect data about housing conditions, needs, opinions, and ideas for the priorities and strategies that the City addresses in the FY 1995 Consolidated Plan. Efforts to Broaden Public Participation The Citizen Participation Plan (Appendix A) adopted by the City of San Bernardino sets forth the guidelines and procedures for the continuing participation of the citizens of San Bernardino. The Citizen Participation Plan broadens public participation in the development of the Consolidated Plan by providing for a public hearing prior to publishing of the Consolidated Plan and providing for a thirty day public comment prior to submitting the Plan to HUD. The Citizen Participation Plan contains provisions for outreach to residents of Public Housing, low and very low income persons particularly those living in slum or blighted areas, non-English speaking persons, persons with mobility,visual or hearing impairments,religious organizations, business organizations, social service providers, and non-profit organizations. In response to the Consolidated Plan, the City of San Bernardino developed and implemented a community outreach process to obtain input from the community on the housing and non-housing community development needs of the City. This community outreach process encouraged the involvement of all groups including low and very- low income persons, members of minority groups, non-English speaking persons, persons with mobility, visual or hearing impairments, residents of areas where a significant amount of activity is occurring or proposed, the elderly,the business community, and civic groups. At all of the meetings held by the City, a handout (Appendix C) was distributed to attendees. This handout addressed 3 rr.rrr. following areas: housinf- -eeds, homeless needs, public housing tWds, lead-based paint needs, market conditions,barriers affordable housing, fair housing, needs o. -decial populations, and non- housing community development needs. In addition, at each of the public meetings held by the City, input from citizens on the above mentioned areas was verbally requested by the City. The City Council held two public hearings to obtain citizen views and receive comments on the Consolidated Plan. This first public hearing was held prior to the publication of the Consolidated Plan and included proposed activities under the Community Development Block Grant Program. Citizens were given sufficient information about the-subject of the hearing through an advanced notice published in the local newspaper. The hearing was held in the evening to accommodate most of the working population and accommodations were made for disabled persons. At the public hearing, the City received public testimony on the housing and non-housing community development needs, including priority non-housing community development needs. The second public hearing included the draft Consolidated Plan proposed activities. A third public hearing will be scheduled at the time the City prepares its Annual Performance Report in order to provide adequate information to its residents hearing the progress of its housing and non-housing HOME, ESG and CDBG funded activities. In addition to holding public hearings to obtain citizen input, the City held three town meetings. A public notice of these town meetings was published in the Sun Newspaper, Inland Empire Hispanic News and the Precinct Reporter. In addition, the City sent invitations to the previous years CDBG subrecipients including public service providers in the City. As with the other meetings concerning the Consolidated Plan held by the City, City staff gave a presentation on the Consolidated Plan, distributed a handout and the Community Needs Survey, and requested any verbal or written input on the housing and non-housing community development needs for the next five years of the City. Table 1 on page 5 lists the community meetings that the City coordinated to present the purpose of the Consolidated Plan and distributed surveys. Table 2 identifies the persons and community groups that the City distributed surveys to. The CDCAC is an advisory committee to the City Council which is the responsible legislative body in matters relating to the Consolidated Plan and the Consolidated Plan process. A public notice of these meetings in English and Spanish was published in a local newspaper of general circulation. City staff contacted the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and made a presentation on the Consolidated Plan at a regularly scheduled meeting of the NAACP. A Community Needs Survey was distributed to each of the attendees and verbal input was received on the Citys housing and non-housing community development needs. 4 ....€> ...... CONSUUATION:ME�'F G ::::;:;:::;;....:.... : . DATE FORUM Approximate Number of Attendees December 13, 1994 City Council Meeting 25 February 8, 1995 Town Meeting 10 February 13, 1995 Town Meeting 12 February 15, 1995 Town Meeting 7 February 18, 1995 NAACP of San Bernardino 40 March 1, 1995 Town Meeting 51 March 2, 1995 Intergovernmental Meeting 18 March 9, 1995 Homeless Providers Meeting 20 March 27, 1995 CDCAC Meeting 10 March 28, 1995 CDCAC Meeting 10 March 29, 1995 Homeless Providers 10 March 30, 1995 CDCAC Meeting 10 March 31, 1995 CDCAC Meeting 10 April 10, 1995 CDCAC Meeting 10 May 15, 1995 City Council Meeting 10 10 5 TABLE COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT ' Survey Distribution 1. CDCAC -March 27, 1995 2. NAACP of San Bernardino - February 18, 1995 3. Town Meeting - February 8, 1995 4. Town Meeting-February 13, 1995 5. Town Meeting - February 15, 1995 6. Town Meeting -March 1, 1995 7. Intergovernmental Meeting - March 2, 1995 Summary of Citizen Input: Pages 7 through 9 contain a tabulation of survey responses. Citizen comments from verbal input at the community outreach meetings are contained in Appendix B. 6 CONSOLIDATED PLAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS SURVEY The City of San Bernardino is starting a new planning process for the future use of federal housing and community development funds: Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), Home Investment Partnership Program(HOME) and Emergency Shelter Grant Program(ESGP). An important part of this Plan is to ask you, the resident, what you think are the important needs in your neighborhood. Please help the City of San Bernardino in preparing the Plan by completing the following survey. We ask that you would fill out this survey and mail it back to the City of San Bernardino Economic Development Agency at 201 North E Street by March 7, 1995. Please check the appropriate box below for each category showing what you think are the greatest unmet needs in your community. Please provide your input for each item. Please circle the category(s)you represent: Resident Business Community Group Church PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED Public Facilities Needs a. Senior Citizen Center b. Youth Centers C. Centers for the Disabled _ CL Child Care Centers Preschool Daycare e. Parks&Recreation Facilities , f Parking Facilities I �1_ . 2e g. Other Neighborhood Facilities 11E, 5'1 Community Centers 2. Infrastructure Improvements Z 7 a Flood Prevention and/or L Drainage Improvements 11,31 b. Water System Improvements y C, Street Improvements 2j- 2— J G -�- d Sewer Improvements 5'1 'L Public Service Needs /� a. Senior Citizen Services ?� 3 T b. Handicapped Services f7 7 C_ Youth Services LL_ ZIL /2 d. Transportation Services G_7 _/ PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED 3. Public Service Needs e. Substance Abuse Services 2, �G �y £ Employment Training �� ? g_ Crime Awareness G' IL Fair Housing Counseling L Lead Paint Testing& 2 Abatement j. Other Public Service Needs _2 _ ? —� 4- Accessibility Needs (Removal of Barriers to the Handicapped) a. Public Buildings b. Park&Recreation Facilities co C_ Health Facilities d. Other Neighborhood Facilities/ Community Centers 3. Economic Development Needs a_ Neighborhood-Based Small Business Use (Laundromat, Grocery Market, etc.) �� f 7 C b_ Job Creation 1Z C. Commercial Rehabilitation _ 2- — --�-- d_ Business Support Services A�_7_ _�K- e. Other Economic Development Needs y�- -77 Z L - IG. Housing Needs a. Residential Rehabilitation �z 1�- b. Improvements for Handicapped (9 53 lyC — Accessibility /c2-_ 4-ell 12 /?- Q Residential Property Maintenance/ _ Code Enforcement Z� 1� d. Homeownership Assistance _ -- - e. Rental Housing Development 1- £ Homeless/Transitional Housing g. Special Needs Housing Facilities: _ _ 27 8 Mental Illness Drug/Alcohol Abuse 71 PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED G. Housing Needs HIV Needs z- 23--- !� h. Tenant-Based Rental Assistance i- Homeowner Rehabilitation j- Other Housing Needs Needs to be Address (Not identified above): To allow the City of San Bernardino to evaluate needs by geographical area, please identify the nearest cross street to your residence or your complete address if you wish to be notified of upcoming meetings and hearings C ese subjects: NAME(Optional): ADDRESS OR NEAREST CROSS STREET: PLEASE RETURN SURVEY TO: Public Form Coordinator Economic Development Agency 201 North "E" Street, Third Floor San Bernardino, CA 92401-1507 9 c' 1 B. Consultations Throughout FY 1994-95, the City of San Bernardino Economic Development Agency, Housing Committee, the Mayor and Common Council/Community Development Commission, Planning Commission, and City Council, was presented with and discussed various affordable housing options. Appropriate discussions furthering the City's Five Year Strategic Plan and acting on the FY 1994 CHAS Action Plan were conducted and relevant information was conveyed to the City's Economic Development Department by both bodies to be integrated into the FY 1995 Five Year Consolidated Plan. ■ Health Department - The City consulted with the County of San Bernardino Department of Health by requesting that the County provide any Health Department data on the addresses of housing units occupied by low-income families or very low income families which contain lead-based paint hazards. The County identified 476 cases of lead-based poisoning that have been reported since 1992. As awareness of this problem, its symprons and health and behavior effects grows, the number of reported cases will probably increase. The National Center for Lead-Safe Housing is assisting local governments by providing information on potential strategies intended to assist in developing effective programs to sharply reduce childhood lead poisoning and how to integrate prevention efforts into ongoing low- and moderate-income housing programs across the country. Childhood lead poisoning is the number one environmental health hazard facing American children. Federal estimates indicate that ten to fifteen percent of all pre-schoolers--as many as 3 million-- have blood lead levels high enough to warrant concern for their intellectual development. While lead poisoning affects children of every socio-economic and demographic stratum, the poor and people of color are disproportionately affected. In many urban communities, over fifty percent of children suffer from over-exposure to lead, with Black children more than twice as likely to be poisoned. Although lead was banned from residential paint in 1978, more than half of the total United States' housing stock--an estimated 57 million older homes--contains some lead-based paint. Approximately 20 million housing units contain lead hazards: flaking or peeling lead-based paint or excessive levels of tiny lead particles in household dust. HUD estimates that 3.8 million homes containing such immediate lead hazards are occupied by families with young children who are at immediate risk of poisoning. Half of these families own their homes; half have income above $30,000 per year. Children do not have to eat paint chips to become lead-poisoned. Most children become exposed to lead-based paint and dust hazards living in older homes. Young children most frequently become poisoned by inadvertently ingesting lead contained in household dust during the course of normal hand-to-mouth activity. Older, low-income, privately-owned rental 10 housing that has not been adequately maintained is potentially the most hazardous to young children. In addition, children are exposed to lead-based point and dust hazards during the renovation, remodeling or repair of older homes when lead-based paint is disturbed. Burning, dry scraping, and sanding--especially power sanding--older paint can increase lead dust levels in the home 100-fold and result in the inadvertent poisoning of children, pets and workers. Lead-based paint containing up to fifty percent lead was in common use through the 1940s. Although the use and manufacture of interior lead-based paint declined during the 1950s, exterior lead-based point and some interior lead-based point continued to be available until the mid-1970's. In 1978, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the manufacture of paint containing more than 0.06 percent lead by weight for use on interior and exterior residential surfaces and furniture. Lead-based paint is still available for industrial, military and marine use and occasionally ends up being used in homes. Tables 3 through 6 below show an estimate of the number of housing units containing lead- based paint hazards that are occupied by very-low and other low income households by both renter- and owner-occupants. - y ' HOMES AT HIGHEST RISK FOR LEAD,BASED PAINT HAZARDS RENTER HOUSEHOLDS=CITY OF SAN BE�RNARDINO w y «y 3 'y Aps'ol I7ait:Yrr ? /d Vwy Law and OtMr low lnoenr 5 r ,..%wMh Lud.Bred PaYR i Eeemaad wish trd-s t4 c i.Maryn M Enor x;. ,�x�..F-..,:Baik�. •r:- t ✓*d�„�., tbusMOlds� ._. :^ w°v.,:-„ - .U- _. +....w -.Bssd PNnt PRE-1940 3 052 X.90• 2.717 X.10• 275 1940-1959 3.107 X.00• 2.165 X.10. 249 1960-1979 12.594 X.92• 7.808 X.10• 701 Total RenLr HwsMoies EshmaW with Led-0ased Paint 13.041 1.305 ,i 6 t �R .a.u�»;�*>'T'4<N. at•:.�.,ss+ry r��5 rru$,T"'..'K y�'�t ,�"+..,"3;��•g.'€`,'�"� 'k" `4�ae� ..aa.�• 'k',�r"`i-5,S^s -r'.t�:st.r .iv. a 'ca. 1�, ��s_: -�?`�sYei.o Ts•w.s:. urm 'ii'"m u,ir:�'. �e tn�am:��P:1490 cw�s o.ahaae"„�e� ,F�': ` `���� �"„'��a�,�' � x,� � r'��r �ur,<•.� ,��, ?�<...-s ?* .� l `;p' a.s¢`a., ! {7 aareec °-" es•:' ,'^"'* .t. c„�M. F wr t v. -. %«'s s. t � rz�'.1, ' , 'f '✓; ” .� wAt_;� � � `� HOMES AT HIGHEST RISK FOR LEAD BASED PAINT HAZAR[)$5 � ¢ ,: ��`s= :.�� t,, u, .' z,OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSEHOLDS CITYOF,.SAN BERNARDINO' ..f.. .a F `row - s Ae d Ui Yur',,,'. 6&Varyia and 00w tow Min Rte Hou-hold -°a ~ •'x . x.if,,,'9;--�'+. PRE-1940 2468 X.90• 2.221 X.10• 222 1940.1959 4.078 X.80. 3252 X.10. 325 1960 0979 16215 X.62• 10.053 X.10- 1.005 ,va Total owner M--hoNe E thnoW with L.d-Sasd Paint 15.536 1 553 �e� rY xa^.it w •��°�" �w,F c�'vtiy 1 asp-tie �s rp�k'��,'�-t�.-�#'""k'�'�i;' ���j'�t#'^�r'�r�� t c�'. Y�E a�i� �a �tV'e�.y t`F a w. SKXrr��s 'f ,,p�bs„ � ��"' us' } �� •x`F„� c X} � `f� ��. .r.2A•�.�- � '��# `�� � �. �57:: .��� ,�� �-a.�.,. i =, x :1 * o� •ro�;. ''9aeee:Tide 9.tlotnl Units of VniL Teixre,snd 4moma Or :1990 CHAS Datatiook 11 g y, ,� �'`Xt 1'!i � �� `� .,�": ", ✓9�'n?�a'$FY'.S� y' �° ^yT, ,,,. �=5+ Ott{, 1SUMMARY OF ALLHOUSEHOLDS 8Y AGE OF UNIT, ' 10 BERIVARDINO�g� ., 7# x" ., 'k ,x1 iri =- 34rr �§� V,'�tx ""'i1'�'�`,t��-rrT�-.a'�.c`°`yAg�.» -,s �f�.- s-'s. <'k.,x3w A of Unk;Yur Bulk ��f W N Lew d 06fer L.ew�neenaa MeusdwNa.s+_.+'.a. ��, 9[atinand wMh Laad�Basad PaYR**�,�� � +",*';� 'h d Eeror:% PRE-1940 5,520 4,966 - 497 1910.1959 7,165 - 5,748 - 575 1960.1979 26,609 17,661 - 1,766 Tafala 41.514 28,577 2,858 Source:Table 9,Haring Units by Age of Unit.Tenme,and Income Grotto:1990 CHAS Datsbook. -t a� � r.a p'i. �`�"`rq' $,,:"�1f 2.� '...yg,Si°�A -•#- F- Y;� a *z4 #Cs -y"'�,�.i, a �r* a,�4 `X F� ,��t.'�'" �'i Wry Lour i O1har Lawimom.HouadwNa .ff 8 Estlrnabd wkh Lead.6aaed P.W '°'':2- p 'Maryin of Error' T of Unk.,-.z..sW.-a a1� .sz, Re"W 18.753 13.041 1.304 0-0—pied 22.761 15.536 1,554 Totals 41,514 28.577 2.858 Source:Table 9.Housing Units by Age of UniC Tenure,and Income Grotto:1990 CHAS Defabook. HUD provided information on low and very low income households by age in the 1990 CHAS Databook. This benchmark information collected from the 1990 Census is used to create Tables 3 through 6. Nationally, the percentage of units containing lead increases with the age of the structure. This is why the .90, .80, and .62 factors with a± margin of error are used in estimating the total number of potentially hazardous units.' The likelihood of housing containing lead is influenced by geography, housing type, and climate. These factors are only a guide. Due to the fact that lead-paint is typically used in more harsh climates as a protectant, southern California housing is less likely to have used lead paint on residential structures, because of the temperate, mild climate. However, by multiplying the number of housing units of a particular age by the likely percent containing lead-based paint, we obtained the resulting estimates. Not all units with lead-based paint have lead-based paint hazards. Only an evaluation of dust, soil, and/or deteriorated paint on accessible, friction, or impact surfaces provides information about hazards. Properties at greater risk than others include deteriorated units, particularly those with leaky roofs and plumbing and rehabilitated units where unsafe renovation practices were used. Of all low and very-low income housing units in San Bernardino, 28,577 are estimated to have lead-based paint; 13,041 would be renter households below 80% of area median income and 15,536 would be owner-occupied households below 80% of area median income. Those units which may be.of greatest risk to low and very-low income renters were built prior to 1940 and 1 Table 3-3 , page 3-9, "Comprehensive and Workable Plan for the Abatement of Lead-Based Paint in Privately Owned Structures . " 12 number 3,052 or 5.2% of the total housing stock. Pre-1940 units which may present the NOW greatest risk to very-low income renter households are less than 2% of all units in the City; 1,077 housing units. According to the 1990 census, the oldest housing units are located in census tracts 4200 and 4800 through 5800. These tracts are located in the central portion of the City, generally bounded by Waterman Avenue on the east, Mill Street on the south, the Lytle Creek drainage on the west, Highland Avenue west of the 215 Freeway and the 30 Freeway to Kendall Drive to 40th Street on the north. • Housing Authority-The City consulted with the San Bernardino Housing Authority to ensure that activities with regard to local drug elimination, neighborhood improvement programs, and resident program services, funded under the public housing program and those funded under programs covered by the Consolidated Plan,are fully coordinated to achieve comprehensive development goals. The consultation identified a need for homeless vouchers. The Community Needs Survey was distributed to providers of social services which some residents of public housing utilize. This outreach effort encouraged the participation of residents of assisted housing developments in the process of developing and implementing the Consolidated Plan. • Adjacent Units of Local Government - The City notified adjacent units of general local government when preparing its description of n,)n-housing community development needs. The County of Riverside initiated an Intergovernmental Meeting between surrounding municipalities, the County of Riverside, and the County of San Bernardino. Discussions were held regarding the problems and solutions that go beyond a single jurisdiction. Coordination in the area of economic development was achieved. ■ Homeless Providers Meeting - The City solicited input from providers of services to homeless persons and those threatened with homelessness. Furthermore, as summarized below, several additional agencies were specifically targeted and consulted by City staff, via telephone and private, individual meetings, regarding the housing needs of certain persons, namely children, elderly persons, disabled persons and homeless persons: Housing Needs of Children/Children Identified as Lead Poisoned, Elderly, Disabled, the Homeless, and Other Persons Served by Such Agencies. ■ Elderly Persons. Housing needs of the elderly were obtained through telephone contact with neighborhood senior centers. These agencies indicated that the frail elderly are in need of general supportive services such as nutrition programs, transportation services, assistance with affordable housing, and assistance with minor home repair. 13 ■ Disabled Persons. Disabled persons include the physically handicapped, the chronically mentally ill, and substance abusers/addicts. Consultations with organizations such as Easter Seal Society, Center for Individuals with Disabilities, Rolling Start, and Inland Empire Deaf Services resulted in the identification of an array of housing needs for the developmentally disabled and physically disabled. Many persons with developmental disabilities living in full- care facilities over time have become self sufficient and their next step is to move out on their own. However,their income usually cannot support their housing costs. Therefore, a local or federal housing subsidy would be required. Moreover, while some persons would be able to move right into a house with no support services, many would require transitional housing consisting of part-time support/care staff in order to make their change less stressful and more feasible. 14 III. HOUSING AND HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT A. GENERAL The City prepared its assessment of the housing and non-housing community development needs for the next five years by obtaining input from citizens of the City of San Bernardino and by analyzing HUD and Census data. Through HUD and local data sources, consultation with various entities and input obtained from the Citizen Participation process, the City determined its housing and non- housing community development needs. B. HOUSING NEEDS FOR THE NEXT 5 YEARS The City of San Bernardino expects that housing needs for the next five years will grow. While the City cannot predict which groups will have the greatest need, it has forecast population and housing projections in five year increments from 1990 through 2020. For purposes of this five year Consolidated Plan, which encompasses 1995 through 1999, Comprehensive Housing Services staff determined one year average projection rates for the five year time frame from 1990-1995 and 1995- 2000 in order to determine the projected population increase and housing unit increase through 1998. The annual projected increases are shown in the table below. .................................................. :.:....:::...:::..::::::...::::.:;;:.;:.:.: TAB ...................:.::.::::::..................:::::.::::.:::::::.:::::::.;:.;::.;::.:<.:;::.;;:.:;::.;:.;:: ::><:::::. HL3�J�I�€� :: ;:::.:::::::::::::::::::..::;::::;::::::::::;.::::::..:.::::::::._:::::::::::::::..::.:::::::::::::: Year Population Increment Housing Unit Increment 1994 5,644 672 1995 5,644 672 1996 7,065 1,644 1997 7,065 1'644 1999 7,065 1,644 Five Year Pro'ection 1 32.483 6,276 Source: Citv of San Bernardino. AnaM6 by Compmhemivc Housing Services,Inc. The City of San Bernardino is projected to have a population increase of 32,483 and a housing unit increase of 6,276 in the next five years. Initially, the population increase is projected to be partially absorbed in units that are currently vacant. However, by 1996 most of the vacant units will be occupied and the increase in housing units is projected at � slower rate than the increase in population. This would result in an increase in the average household size. It is also anticipated that there will be some increase in overcrowding. Given the current increase in Hispanic households and the relative large size of these existing households, it can be inferred that the Hispanic population will likely increase its total number by 1998. Also, the relatively stronger growth rates in two other population groups, Blacks and Asians, point to growth in these household types as well. 15 These factors indicate that there will be a need for larger housing units. It is also expected that the need for rental assistance could increase, since lower vacancy rates could cause an increase in market rents. It should be noted that in the 1990 Census, San Bernardino was found to have gained 45,950 foreign born persons between 1980 and 1990. Numerically, this figure accounts for nearly all the growth in San Bernardino's population expansion from 1980 to 1990 of 47,095 persons. Immigration is the largest contributing factor to growth in San Bernardino's population. Table 1C-Housing Assistance Needs of Low and Moderate Income Households 16 to c°v 0 � r }p 3L P O o Cf f 7 I O N a n co Y K N N < a O a N n cl LO c. C3 0 ; ' d e Q O cl O n N C-7 O-Zr Ul C) m r C3 cl) C13 . • _ N E _ - o O � i W co C •Q O a a C7 N N I r a "= �`' p ` N i LU P n P r I V n ° n O l I ' a 7 1f cl o p h i ( a < ' I N i 1 ° G � liJ C co �O • , ' N 1 c r_ © P 1 ' N O a '.f ! i i I P to EOC cc EG cl O 1 Ia © C3 LO cl A ' N N ' W r r C3 o �' YZ " o in -w a° N po� N M o m r C O o e Q c � r r v L� _ o o ° c E� Y.. E e ° E E m o Z o 0 0 a ° p ct Yt o 0 0 W' S . o Lo m < <' A D ° .�s io `4 A ° c A c o o 0 o O wl c n a A C C o = u _ E S A 7 A c Ea 7 7 o n O 44 -- c A c •_ ° c o u T v � � � � ° CL a O ° ca a .E In U 7t F- e r7 i a F ' T j o Sri o t� m ai •- •- 1fie City analyzed the estimated housing needs and needs for supportive services for the ensuing five year period. These needs were derived from input received from the citizen participation, the CHAS, and from data available from HUD, the U.S. Census and local studies. A major housing problem in the City is Overpayment(Cost Burden/Affordability). Almost thirty- seven percent of the City's households are paying more than thirty percent of their income on housing. Cost burden is defined as households paying more than 30% of their incomes on housing. Cost burden is most severe among extremely low income renter households, with 76% of those earning 0-30%of median family income paying more than 30%on housing and 47% within this group paying more than 50%. Owner households within this income group also face cost burden of more than 30% in 63.6% of those households. This segment of the population, those earning less than 30% of median and paying more than 30%of income on housing, also have a high risk of becoming homeless should a disruption in income occur. Cost burden is also a problem among very low income renter households earning between 30 and 50%of median income. Almost seventy-nine percent of these households are paying more than 30% of their incomes on housing. Overpayment is not as severe among low income households but is still prevalent, as 45%of the renters and 33% of the owners within this income group pay more than 30% on housing. Cost burden is also a problem for middle income home owners, with 32% of these households overpaying. However, only a small percentage of middle income renters are overpaying (11%). A high percentage of respondents to the Community Needs Survey rank rental housing development as a high priority. Another housing problem in the City is Physical Inadequacies/Condition. Physical condition of the housing stock is the second significant issue identified in the Community Profile. According to the housing element of the City's General Plan, 11% percent of the City's housing stock is substandard in condition, with 3% of the units in such poor condition as to be unsuitable for rehabilitation. The remaining 89% of the housing stock is considered in standard condition. A high percentage of respondents to the Community Needs Survey rank residential property maintenance/code enforcement as a high priority. A lack of Homeownership is a housing problem in the City. The cost of housing in San Bernardino has also prevented many families from becoming homeowners. Fifty-two percent of the City's housing units are owner-occupied while forty-eight percent are renter-occupied. However, 60% of the City's housing units are single family and another 7.5% are mobile homes. Forty percent of all renters occupy single family detached homes. The vacancy rate among rental units was four times the owner vacancy rate at the time of the 1990 Census. The high rate of absentee owners contributes to a lack of maintenance. In addition, pride of ownership among owner-occupied units contributes to maintenance and upgrading of the housing stock. Thus,there is a need to increase homeownership in order to stabilize neighborhoods throughout the City. Homelessness is a problem in the City of San Bernardino. Finally, the City of San Bernardino has a relatively large homeless population. While it is difficult to obtain an accurate count of the homeless, estimates indicate that the range of homelessness in San Bernardino is as low as 1,000 persons and as high as 1,750 persons. 18 C. CATEGORIES OF PERSONS AFFECTED HUD recently adopted new definitions for income groups. The new definitions of income groups applicable to the Consolidated Plan are listed below. Extremeig Low Income Families: Families whose incomes are between 0 and,30 percent of the 'median income for the area', as established by HUD with"adjustments for smaller and larger,families,except that HUD may establish income ceiling higher or lower than 30 percent of the median for the area on the basis of HUD's findings that`such variations are necessary because of prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents, or unusually high or low family incomes: Low Income Families: Low income families whose'income'does not exceed 50 percent of the median area income for the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller and larger families except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 50 percent of the median for the area on the basis of HUD's findings are necessary for use prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents or unus I ually high or low family incomes. Other Low Income:_Households whose incomes are between 51 percent and 80, percent of the median incomefor the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller or larger families, except that HUD may establish income'ceilings higher or lower that 80 percent of the median for the area on the basis �,t ... of HUD's findings that such variations are necessary because of`prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents, or unusually high or low family incomes. (This term corresponds to moderate-income in the CDBG Program). Moderate Income Family: Family whose;income does not exceed 80 percent of the median income for the area as determined by HUD with adjustments for smaller and larger families, except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher and lower than^80&0ercent of the median for the area on the basis of HUD's findings that such variations are necessary because of prevailing l�ev�els of construction,costs or fair market rents,or unusually high or low family incomes. .' Middle lncome`Familu Family whose incomes are between 81 and 95 percent of the'median income for the area,`as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller or arger families, except that HUD may .: ...u.,y, 'a: , k, as � ' establish`income ceilings highersor lowerthan 95%percent of th edian for the'area ontfie basis ofHUDs iw,findings that such variations are necessary.. cause of prevailing levels of construction costs or..fair market : . rents, or unusually high or low family+¢incomes (This definition conesponds to the tenn�moderate income family" under the CHASJ6Wte;A2 11 S 12 05 In addition, this definition is different than that for ra *o'g''r:a the CDBG Program ) 19 Estimate of Number and Types of families in need of housing assistance HUD regulations require that the housing needs of certain income groups are estimated by the City. Household Incomes in the City are identified in Table 8. of Income Number of Households Median, Range Renters Owners Total Income Very low Less than 12,603 23% 5,450 10% 18,053 33 0-50% $14,422 % Low $14,423 - 5,019 9% 4,898 9% 9,917 18 51-80% $23,074 % Moderate $23,075 - 1,852 3% 2,452 5% 4,304 81-95% $27,400 8% Upper More than 5,959 11% 16,411 30% 22,370 41 95%+ $27,401 1 YO 1. Extremelv Low Income Extremely low income families are those earning 30% and less of the median family income, a range of incomes less than $8,652 per year based on the median family income of$28,843. There are 10,354 households within this income group in San Bernardino. Renters. There are 7,739 renter households that are extremely low income. Of these, 88% report housing problems, 86% report cost burden of more than 30%, and 71% report cost burden of more than 50%. This income group can afford a rent of$216 which is 30% of their income. There are 1,390 elderly renter households in the extremely low irlcome group. Of these, 76% report a housing problem, 76% pay more than 30% of their income for rent and 47% pay more than 50% of their income for rent. There are 3,519 small renter households. Of these, 89% report some housing problem, 86%pay more than 30%of their income for housing and 75% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. There are 1,516 large renter households. Of these, 97% report some housing problem, 93%pay more than 30%of their income for housing and 79% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. 20 Owners. There are 2,615 extremely low income owners. Of these households, 66% are cost burdened by 30% or more and 64% are cost burdened by 50% or more. Forty -seven percent of these households report a housing problem. There are 818 elderly extremely low income owners. Of these, 56% pay more than 30% of their income, 37% pay more than 50% on housing, and 56% report a housing problem. 2. Very Low Income The income of very low income households does not exceed 50% or less of the median family income. The median family income is $28,843; very low income households earn a maximum of $14,422. annually or less. There are 18,053 very low income households in the City. Renters. The maximum that a very low income family could afford to pay in monthly rent is $360. This is 17%less than the City's median rent of$422. There are 12,603 renter households that are very low income. Of these, 85%report housing problems, 75%report cost burden of more than 30%, and 29% report cost burden of more than 50%. This income group can afford a rent of$360 which is 30% of their income. There are 2,849 elderly renter households in the very low income group. Of these, 68% report a housing problem, 65% pay more than 30% of their income for rent and 32% pay more than 50% of their income for rent. There are 5,507 small renter households. Of these, 84% report some housing problem, 79%pay more than 30% of their income for housing and 28% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. There are 2,792 large renter households. Of these, 95% report some housing problem, 67%pay more than 30%of their income for housing and 22% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. A total of 72%of all very low renter income households, regardless of family type, cite some housing problem. Owners: There are 5,450 very low income households in the City. Of these, 49% are cost burdened by 30% or more and 44% are cost burdened by 22% or more. Twenty-two percent of these households report a housing problem. There are 2,849 elderly very low income owners. Of these, 28% pay more than 30% of their income, 18% pay more than 50% on housing, and 8% report a housing problem. jell 21 �1 Total Households Vcry-Low Income Low-Income Hha Moderate Intone Hhs H1u (51-8o°/GWI)o (81-9516MFZ)• #and% (500/0 him* #and% #and% #and% White 30,392/56% 7,902126% 4,863/16% 2.43218% Black 8,079/15% 3,716146% 1,373/17% 566177% Ifinunic 14,111126% 3,716146% 3,246/23% 1,270/9% Native American 434/8% 134131% 11326% 43/10% Awn do Pacific Wander 15522.2% 729/47% 171/11°6 43/10% All Households 54,644/100°6 18,032/33% 9,836118% 4,372/8% •MM=Median Farmly Income=San Bernardino-$28,843 50%and below MF1=$14,422 51-80%MFI=$14,423-S23,074 81-95%MFI=$23,075-$27,400 Source: 1990 U.S.Census,CHAS Table lA Racial Distribution. Minority ethnic households are represented in disproportionate numbers among very low income families. In particular, 46% of all Black households (who make up 15% of the population), and 47% of all Asian households (who make up but 2.2% of the population) in San Bernardino are very low income. In addition, 46% of Hispanic households (who make up 26% of the population)have very low incomes. This is in contrast with the White population who have 26% in the very low income bracket while comprising 56% of the total population. 3. Other Low-Income Other low income families are those earning between 51 and 80% of the median family income, a range of$14,423 to $23,074 per year based on the median family income of$28,843. There are 9,917 households within this income group in San Bernardino, representing 18% of the total households in the City. Housing affordability in this category would require monthly housing expenses of no more than $577. Renters. Nearly 20%of all renters are other low income households. However, while 45% of these households are rent burdened by more than 30% of their monthly income, only 2.8% of these households suffer from extreme cost burden of greater than 50%. Of other low income renters, 67% report some type of housing problem. The elderly report these problems the least (55%) and large families report them the most (87%). Overcrowding is reported by 26.1% of the total renter households in this income group. However, 71.5% of the large family renters in this income group report overcrowding. Owners. Other low-income owners make up 17% of all households. Of these households, 33% are cost burdened by 30% or more and 10% are cost burdened by 50% or more. Forty-two percent of these households report a housing problem. Overcrowding is found among 13.8% of low income 22 owners, increasing to 22.2% of non-elderly low income owners. Elderly other low income owners report 9% paying more than 30% and 4.6% paying more than 50% on housing. Racial Distribution. There is a relatively even racial distribution among other low income households, with 11% to 26% of each racial group within the low income category. The highest percentages are Native Americans (26%) and Hispanics (23%) while Asians have the lowest percentage(11%) in this income group. 4. Moderate Moderate income families are those earning less than 80% of the median family income, a range of incomes less than$23,074 per year based on the median family income of$28,843. There are 27,970 households within this income group in San Bernardino. Housing affordability in this category would require monthly housing expenses of no more than $577. Renters. There are 17,622 renter households that are moderate income. Of these, 81% report housing problems, 71% report cost burden of more than 30%, and 39% report cost burden of more than 39%. There are 2,468 elderly renter households in the moderate income group. Of these, 70% report a housing problem, 69% pay more than 30% of their income for rent and 36% pay more than 50% of their income for rent.Tere:are 7,697 small renter households. Of these, 80% report some housing problem, 72%pay more than 30%of their income for housing and 42% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. There are 3,936 large renter households. Of these, 93% report some housing problem, 60%pay more than 30% of their income for housing and 38% pay more than 50% of their income for housing. Owners. There are 10,348 moderate income owners. Of these households, 46% are cost burdened by 30% or more and 21% are cost burdened by 50% or more. Fifty percent of these households report a housing problem. There are 4,696 elderly moderate income owners. Of these, 29% pay more than 30% of their income, 16% pay more than 50% on housing, and 30% report a housing problem. 5 Middle-Income Middle income families earn between 81 and 95 percent of the median family income. According to the median family income, a moderate income household would earn $23,075 to $27,400 annually. There are 4,304 middle income households in San Bernardino, representing 8% of all households in the City. Renters:Middle-income households make up 7%of all renter households. Small related families are 45%of these total households. Thirty percent report some sort of housing problem, which could be cost burden, overcrowding or physical inadequacy of the unit. Of the total middle income renters, 23 11% report cost burden of 30% or more. No households reported cost burden greater than 50%. Elderly households comprise 7% of the middle income renter households. Twelve percent of these elderly pay more than 30% of their incomes on housing. Large middle income households constitute 19% of the middle income population. Large families report a housing problem in 65% of these households. Since only 2% of the large renter families in this income group report cost burden greater than 30%, it can be determined that overcrowding and unit inadequacies are the most common housing problems. All other households make up 29% of total renter households. Of these households, 21% report some sort of.housing problem, and 14% report cost burden of over 30%. Owners. Middle income owner-occupants comprise 8% of all owner households. Of these, 28% are elderly. Among all moderate income owners, 32% report cost burden greater than 30% and 3% pay more than 50%. Sixteen percent of the elderly report cost burden greater than 30%. Racial Distribution. Middle income families are a small percentage of the total within each racial group. Percentages range from 5% of the Asians to 10% of the Native Americans within the moderate income range. 6. Total Households In general, the following table illustrates the total households by tenure and type with any housing problems. The major problems are cited for summary purposes. Cost burden is the overwhelming housing problem facing San Bernardino households. Overcrowding and unit inadequacies are secondary according to census report findings. Ethnic minority households are disproportionately affected by all housing problems. Maps: Distribution of Income Groups by Census Tract 24 U C: 'I CQ m A C: N s ° L- ry(� CO ® ❑ t- O 0 I - r C, v f� -� CO r CU 0 m ca ._ t._ . U) I_ O 0 - _ U IJ 1 N 1 � L O a+ CC rJ 25 ■eon■■t/■■1 e■■ea■■■■tl /■..ee/o■al ■eooentnwnl ■■■■■t■t■tl /Ea/• ■■■//■■noel /Lt■/wt\. ■ett■■/■■•1 GiRootw/■■■_ /■/■t■Noll - JNNaotNNt■. ■oe '_-'t■anal A■■■ OwoawOY\� mass no ■a■■■■■■/■w■Nt iewtOe ■■etoonwlia■[ ■o■o■/oa/t/a■/a•J■a■a/■ ,�aNNN as/t/■//•some a■■weeneoawwwoaO/tN•• /aaawwn/t aw■waoawtl.V1105 WOOeeeanww■otouo/O moon�.. �N■■Nee■■ //Ne■■/■ewowwa■' D O■On■OOwNNwlla• AN■E NINE wwaent/tw■too an' .■away/o■oeeewwwNNO■a•.■ Aw■oe•.■Nnew • /■oaePleCBS ■■■a■aw■■■wtltlw■N■NOIA I/aeOLwoNUa NoeaNO■■Nr 1laeoww■otoowowoNeNwt.r woe/n■eeo■N■wnN■•' s Boom:■aa■�7i�wtiiiiir ■NwnnanNN■aP ■oar ---.■•■■7aRiaN■Nwaa■N■a■awawllaa■t!.n SO a■■NNE Aa/■■.oee1 ���Nw■7eannwao/o6etaenwnaeeer+r •7rM:wnNN■• laNeanwewe■1 aNNmew'on :.■law/NOtoot////NOwweNmmom �7oennwwae■a■wo l01ra of�'etn Boom"ono■/o/wonoaweeewewwawewnaar' wo■wta■w woman nU.■�_ Ir:■on7e/ /7a■ww■aw■a■■a■7a■w■awa7a7awaw/aw■ate eaoNae■ot■/■■■wotw/■■.■■ ■ •iii iii�eiiiiniiiioiiiiii�uiiculd,UNINUCwiieiiiiii�wiisiiiiii7iiii� ii • iii■oii°.�eiiiiiiiiiiii0:iiiwii:i■iiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin �r ueNweuun—N.e��= '�rs.+� Z S .�i , � 3caS3°�-'`� s �A AlWk 'Y HOUSING PROBLEM MOST PREVALENT BY HOUSEHOLD TYPE AND TENURE ' - ✓.. k.FY :Cifl OF.SAN BERNARDIN All Elderly Rental Households Cost Burden(58%) All Small Rental Households Cost Burden(50%) All Large Rental Households Cost Burden(53%),Overcrowding(70%) All Other Rental Households Cost Burden(46%) Total Rental Households Cost Burden(51%),Overcrowding(22%)&Physical Unit Inadequacies All Elderly Owner Households Cost Burden(20%) All Other Owner Households Cost Burden(33%) Total Owner Households Cost Burden(24%) Total Households in San Bernardino Cost Burden(37%),Overcrowding(15%)&Physical Unit Inadequacies Source:1990,U.S.Census,CHAS Table 1C,"Housing Assistance Needs of Low and Moderate Income Households.' 7. Section 8 Housing The San Bernardino Housing Authority, created in 1941 to provide affordable housing opportunities for very low income families of San Bernardino, currently owns and manages 705 units and provides an additional 1,811 rental units to very low income families through the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program. Of the households assisted, 16% of the Public Housing participants and 13% of the Section 8 recipients are elderly (388). Unfortunately, there are 2,305 additional households on the waiting list for assistance. The waiting list, as a result, was closed in 1991 and is not due to be reopened until new housing becomes available. Fifty-seven percent of all households waiting meet federal preferences for admission to rental assistance programs with the City. The City has pulled only those households meeting federal preferences for over a year. The factors influencing the composition of the waiting list are the federal preferences, by priority listing as follows: A. Displaced households as a result of overcrowding or rehabilitation. B. Households cost burdened by greater than 50%* C. Households which are involuntarily displaced by government action at any level. The remaining preferences shall be equally ranked: D. Households involuntarily displaced by 1. Natural disaster (fire or flood). 2. Landlord action which: 27 a) Is be nd the applicant's control. b) An action which occurs despite applicant : having met all previously imposed conditions of occupancy. C) Action taken is other than a rent increase. i 3. action by a member residing in applicant's unit which threatens the physical safety of applicant or other members of household (domestic violence). The Housing Authority's system for applying-the federal preferences is a two-step process. First, when the applicant enters his/her name on the waiting list, the applicant is given the opportunity to certify qualification for federal preference. . Second, when a certificate/voucher is offered to the applicant, verification of the applicant's certification is done by the San Bernardino Housing Authority. The Housing Authority's Administrative Plan outlines the verification/certification procedures in full. 8. First Time Homebuyers With homeownership having been identified as a significant issue for all types of households in the City of San Bernardino, there is some emphasis on assisting first-time homebuyers with that first step toward homeownership. Given the high cost of housing in San Bernardino and the difficulty in saving adequately for the downpayment/closing costs required, downpayment assistance or second mortgage assistance is emphasized first for qualified low-income households with children and secondly for other low-income households. The City has three active affordable homeownership programs. These programs all target low and moderate income families who would not have the opportunity to purchase a home without assistance. It should be noted that first-time homebuyers moving into the owner housing market enables existing homeowners to move-up into larger and more expensive housing. The City of San Bernardino is interested in promoting a balanced community that includes homeownership at all income levels including entry-level and move-up housing. Table 8 provides information on the income needed to purchase a home at the median value ($96,200). Even with interest rates at their current record lows, home purchase is out of reach of most very low and low income families. If a low income family was able to save 20% for a down payment, they would be able to purchase the median priced home only if the interest rate was 6% or less. Even at current low rates, the only type of loan with a low enough interest rate is an adjustable rate loan. While they would be able to afford the initial rate on an adjustable rate loan, future increases in the interest rate would cause them to pay more than 30% of their income unless their income also rose. A moderate income family could afford to purchase the median priced home at current interest rates if they were able to save at least 20% down. With a down payment of five or ten percent, a moderate income family could only purchase if they used an adjustable rate loan. This discussion should illustrate that even with record low interest rates, housing prices are too high for many families to afford a purchase. i 28 :�.� � ; , �� aal;ca t mfg �, ,� � .� � ��� ���iTABLE INCOME NEEDED,TO PURCHASE A MEDIAN PRICED HOME���� -��,��_ `IN.THE'CI'T-Y,:`OF.SANBERNARDINO,1993=,,� �a��� ��r ���� �g-. 20% Downpayment Downpayment Downpayment Median Home Price, 1990 Census $96,200 $96,200 $96,200 Downpayment(as marked) $19,240 $9,620 $4,810 Loan Required $76,960 $86,580 $91,390 Monthly Mortgage Payment (30 Year Term)--a � $376.35 $423.39 $446.91 4.2% interest(ARM) �7% interest $512.02 $576.02 $608.02 5% interest $538.12 $605.38 $639.01 Q 7.8 interest $564.71 $635.29 $670.59 *9% interest $619.24 $696.64 $735.34 $129.85 $129.85 $129.85 Taxes and Insurance None $35.00 $35.00 Private Mortgage Insurance Total Monthly Payment 4.2% interest(ARM) $506.20 $588.24 $611.76 �7% interest $641.87 $740.87 $772.87 .5% interest $667.97 $770.23 $803.8 @ 7 6 interest $694.56 $800.14 $835.44 Q 9% interest $749.09 $861.49 $900.19 Annual Income Required Q 4.2% interest(ARM) $20,228 $24,625 $25,564 7% interest $25,649 $30,724 $32,002 5% interest $26,692 $31,897 $33,241 Q 7. a 8 interest $27,754 $33,092 $34,502 9% interest $29,934 $35,544 $37,090 Source: Comprehensive Housing Services, Inc., August 1993 Notes: Based on published interest rates as of August 11, 1993 in Southern California: 20% Down, Fixed range from 6.95 to 7.25%, Average 7.08%. 10% Down, Fixed range from 6.875 to 7.375%. 20% Down, Adjustable range from 3.5 to 5.625%, Ave. 4.2%. FHA(Approx. 5% Down)7.5%, Cal-Vet(5% Down) 8.0% • 29 9. Elderly Persons with Disabilities Elderly household members are more likely to be disabled and require housing accessibility modifications. They also need special security features and access to public transportation and medical services. Therefore, any newly constructed elderly housing should be strategically located so that access to these types of facilities is afforded. According to the 1990 Census, 42.3% (6,455) of those age 65 and older have a mobility or self-care limitation. The disabled senior citizens include 2,243 with a self-care limitation, which may also include a mobility limitation. This group of senior citizens need supportive housing services including aid in accomplishing basic tasks such as bathing and eating. Those services may be provided in the senior's home or the senior may need to live in a facility with services on-site. The remaining 4,212 disabled senior citizens have a mobility limitation without a self-care limitation. Senior citizens with a mobility limitation may need modifications to their housing unit in order to provide better access and may need assistance in maintaining their housing units. D. NATURE AND EXTENT OF HOMELESSNESS The City does not have any numerical estimates which reflect methods that are statistically reliable and eliminate duplicate reporting on the number of homeless (sheltered and/or unsheltered) within the City of San Bernardino. The City does have the population count in selected group quarters during the shelter and street enumeration (S-Night) as provided by the Bureau of Census. The City is well aware that the results reported from the Census S-Night count are not and were never intended to be a count of the total population of homeless persons. 1990 U. S. Bureau of Census S-Night Enumeration. The S-Night census count enumerated persons at selected locations where homeless persons were known to be found and does not represent a complete count of the homeless population. This count represents one of the Census Bureau's efforts to include homeless persons in the 1990 Census. The S-Night enumeration counted persons in emergency shelters and visible in street locations. In addition to S-Night, the Census Bureau counted persons who reported they had no usual home elsewhere during the standard enumeration of special places and group quarters. S-Night enumeration took place on a single night, the evening of March 20, 1990 to the early morning of March 21, 1990, at locations identified before the census as locations where homeless persons are found. S-Night results do not reflect the prevalence of homelessness over a given year. Prior to S-Night, the Census Bureau compiled a national list of shelters from administrative records. The Census Bureau requested every local jurisdiction, nationwide, to supplement the list of shelters, street, and open public locations used by homeless persons at night. The quality of 30 site lists provided by jurisdiction varied. In most cases, the lists met the needs of enumerators searching for the locations. In some instances, however, descriptions of locations were imprecise, incorrect, or identified locations where homeless persons could be found during the day but not at night. Census takers did not enter abandoned buildings on S-Night. Instead, census takers waited outside buildings identified by local officials prior to the census and counted persons as they left the buildings between 4 a.m. and 8 a.m. on March 21, 1990. S-Night counts probably do not include persons who were well hidden, moving about, or in shelter or street locations other than those identified before the census. The Census Bureau specifically excluded some street locations because of the potential danger to both census takers and homeless persons. Thus, the Census Bureau likely missed persons living in cars, dumpsters, rooftops, and so forth. Reports of those observing S-Night operations indicate differences in the visibility of the street population across the country, influenced by local weather conditions, the availability of shelters, the presence of the press and police, among other factors. With all this in mind, the 1990 Census identified 512 homeless persons in San Bernardino. The location and ages of these persons is identified in table 8. The S-Night enumeration of 512 homeless in the City of San Bernardino is the only empirically based number the City has ever received. In addition to the S-Night Count, the San Bernardino County Homeless Coalition identified 1,083 unduplicated homeless persons in the City of San Bernardino in November, 1992. Based on reported statistics and data collected through interviews with service providers in San Bernardino, City staff estimated in 1992 that there were between 1,000 and 1,750 homeless persons in San Bernardino at that time. It is difficult for the City to determine the actual needs of the sheltered or unsheltered homeless population; the needs are as varied as the reasons for homelessness. The most common reasons, however, are loss of a job or lack of job skills, evictions, substance abuse and physical and mental illness. 31 .d f� 4y ,•s ".al�,4T`4 '�.ga„: - aY Y ^ws"} .aS'x�. c�yc�".Y�>'i- rl^k'8p`Vx ? - fG�Rd,5 _* `'•yz+1K,{c., Y d?�:.i`.....AS'+t,4ew,'w�':'j k._.. �r.R-1 NUY POPULATION IN SELECTED GROUP QUARTERS DURING S NIGHT ENUMIIZATION . .0,rt4cai i,..••.. �F -Y' SP x't1,.. ''ni m--. .- 4 z�.-. k -�b^"t* ` sfN`. 20, 1990 "�. �,.��, �.��. `� « } p4 f r• g+L£ , ' 3f . t '•.LL¢,gFUk.K. Sa'S#-�3 fG's '. r fi�t _ ,CITY OF;SAN BERNARDINO,;,;� r ", Location 0-5 6-12 13-17 18 & years years years over Total Emergency Shelters 59 45 28 325 457 Shelters for Runaway, Neglected, and Homeless Children 0 0 0 0 0 Shelters for Abused Women 6 3 1 4 14 Visible in Street Locations Q 0 2 -L9 41 Totals 1 65 48 31 1 368 512 Source: 1990 U. S. Census, HUD CHAS Databook, Table 10 There are 24 organizations located in San Bernardino which serve the homeless. These include 13 which offer emergency shelter, nine which provide referrals and counseling and five which provide emergency food and clothing. The emergency shelters include those for veterans, homeless youth, the mentally ill, victims of domestic violence and drug and alcohol recovery programs. 1. Needs of Sheltered Homeless Homeless shelters include emergency and temporary shelters and transitional housing. Emergency shelters primarily provide protection from the elements and may include food and bathing facilities. Temporary shelters provide for longer stays and may include such support services as family counseling. Transitional housing provides the basic shelter and food needs and is usually associated with a program to treat the causes of homelessness in order to transition these persons back into society. The causes of homelessness are varied and may include unemployment, substance abuse or mental problems. Treatment programs may include substance abuse recovery, counseling and treatment of mental problems and job training and placement. Once persons have regained stability and have a reliable income, they can move back into permanent housing. Many of the homeless or at-risk populations would be able to regain their footing but for the first and last month's rent required to secure a rental unit. Many require transitional assistance until they can get themselves back on their feet in a new job. It i,difficult to know the extent of the problem as the economy continues to change. Seasonal variations affect the influx and visibility of the homeless population. The greatest need appears to be rental assistance in the form of security deposits (first and last month's rent), mortgage assistance, emergency utility assistance, job referral/training/educational guidance, and basic social skills from budgeting, to coping with setbacks, to family planning. 32 2. Need for Unsheltered Homeless - Facilities and Services for Homeless Individuals and Homeless Families with Children As mentioned previously, the City of San Bernardino has 24 organizations which provide a variety of services for homeless persons. The scope of homelessness in the area exceeds these organizations ability to provide services and thus there is an unmet need, although the total need is unknown. 3. Needs of the Unsheltered Homeless The most pressing need of the unsheltered homeless is to find protection from the elements. The unsheltered homeless may be participating ui food services such as soup kitchens or they may also be in need of food. Providing this basic need is the first step in assisting this group. Once this need is met, then these persons need emergency housing where they can transition into programs to help them recover from homelessness, such as referrals to services to help the homeless with substance abuse recovery, counseling and treatment of mental problems, job training and placement and rental assistance. The City of San Bernardino has 13 agencies which provide shelter for homeless persons. However, some of these agencies provide residential alcohol and drug treatment for persons that are not homeless. These shelters can house a total of 239 persons, however the total homeless population in the City is estimated to be 1,000 to 1,750 persons. Therefore, there is a need for additional emergency beds. It should be noted that most alcohol and drug treatment programs in San Bernardino were developed to handle a need for substance abuse recovery without regard to homelessness. These facilities may provide occasional assistance to homeless persons but this is not their focus. 4. Needs of Sub-populations Sub-populations of the homeless include those with mental disabilities and substance abuse problems, persons with AIDS, veterans, the unemployed and very low income families. Each of these subpopulations have different needs including substance abuse recovery, mental treatment, medical treatment and job training and placement. Needs of Severely Mentally Ill San Bernardino residents receive on-going case management of chronic mental health problems whether they are homeless or are residents within the City at the San Bernardino County Department of Mental Health. The staff anticipates there are other persons who are undiagnosed including visible and hidden homeless who, for whatever reason, do not seek assistance or are oblivious to their mental health needs. In addition to San Bernardino County, the following organizations provides services for the mentally ill in San Bernardino: 33 Awareness for Community Development Organization (ACDO) Catholic Charities Frazee Community Center Patton State Hospital San Bernardino Mental Health Association County Department of Mental Health Salvation Army Alcohol/Drug Dependent A number of non-profit agencies provide counseling and referral services for alcohol/drug dependent homeless persons. There are at least five organizations which provide referral, counseling, intervention, educational and medical services for homeless suffering from alcohol/drug dependency. It should be noted that some substance abusers may also suffer from mental illness. The major deficit in all programs is adequate administrative and operational funding sources. Organizations offering alcohol and drug recovery programs are as follows: Casa de Ayuda New House, Inc. Samaritan Shelter Veteran's Alcohol Recovery Program, Inc. Victory Outreach Domestic Violence Services Five agencies provide domestic violence services to San Bernardino residents. From crisis intervention in the home to rape treatment and counseling and temporary shelter services, the following five agencies provide referral or assistance: American Red Cross Catholic Charities Option House, Inc. Family Service Agency of San Bernardino House of Ruth Again, the greatest need faced by these organizations is obtaining operational and administrative funding on a regular, annual basis. 34 Persons with AIDS/H1V+ There are two facilities which provide services to AIDS/HIV+ populations, including information and testing. These agencies are: San Bernardino County Public Health Department Inland AIDS Project Homeless Youth There is one shelter in San Bernardino that focuses on homeless youth and another that provides food and clothing. Los Padrinos Youth Services provides temporary shelter for runaway/homeless youth including individual and family counseling and follow-up services. The Home of Neighborly Service provides emergency food and clothing to youth and families. 5. Needs of Persons Threatened with Homelessness Within the City of San Bernardino persons threatened with homelessness would likely be those households at 30% of area median income or below. These people were discussed within the subset of very-low income renter and owner households who were cost burdened by 30 to 50% of their monthly income for rent. These households are at greatest risk for homelessness as any interruption in their modest income could make them homeless within one to three months depending on the circumstances. Of all the very low income renter households at 30% of area median or below who report cost burden as a significant housing problem, 6,620 of these households report cost burden of greater than 30%; of those households, 5,471 households report cost burden of greater than 50%. The cost burdened households include the elderly, small related families, large related families and all other types with each of these groups reporting more than 76% cost burden. It can be estimated that nearly 4,634 very low income renter households have children and are in financial danger of homelessness. Within the very low income owner households, 1,233 households report cost burden of greater than 50%, 430 additional households report cost burden of greater than 30%. These households are also at-risk since any interruption in income could cause them to fall behind on their mortgage payments and put them at-risk of foreclosure and potential homelessness. In addition to these economic factors, other groups at risk 6f homelessness include victims of domestic violence, substance abusers and those with mental problems. Table 1D - Homeless Population and Subpopulations 35 U.S.Oepn[of Hou■inq eno utn all uevmaprnent dA5 Tabl• 1D 0Mr.of Comrtwnity P1enn,np and Oavdopment c..,w•henaiva Hcus,na Af{ordab,TRy Stra. _, (CHAS1 . n alas. ian b Subpopuletions (^attvriona for Local luriaddiona Fcpul•t _ Fve year Period:(enter fiscal yrs.) (Fy. (Lhrou(;h FY: Y� 'uri.diction: { 1994 � .�.an�y.rd•,na ( I Sheltered ( Unahekered ( Tatai ( W i (81 _ i (C1 (art l:H,m-."Popul.sicn { iom.ia.a FerrvTies with Children NIA (NIA { Nun bar of ieaa Fsrry as ( 0 Homa NIA NIA ( �. F. Number of F--,,a in Homeless mTia. ( 13 ( 158 { 1431 t?omaleaa individuals { ( 817 youth(17 Ysacx ccYounQerl 897 I 1Z0 ( ( { a Aduku (18 years and alder) { 840 I 1231 { 5. Total(rues 2+3}4) i S}�ehered ( Utuhekxed i fart 2:Subpopulatio" �■ Reined to: }l prtiaioaa Pere ocvr with Service Na 88% i 34% I 7. Sever■1rlentnl IIinea■ (S8A11 Only { 88% I 24% { [� Alcnho lOther Drug pbuaa Only f N/A NIA { 3 Sul b AlcahollOthar Oru0 +•a { 100% ( 0% { i Domestic Viaienca I 92% I { • youth { (NIA .i. Hameiera (N/A ( { 8, AUOS,Relatad Oise—'" ( { I { ( I Qthef(cpscfiy) ( i HUD 400°_0-A 11!931 i - - 36 � � �1pyy15HTpgi,E7A.wk] _ E. Populations with Special Needs - Other than Homeless Guidelines stipulate that Consolidated Plan plans include a description of special housing needs that exist in the community, such as those of the handicapped, elderly, large families, and single parent households. The following discussion presents the housing needs of these groups in San Bernardino. 1. Needs for Supportive Housing Elderly/Frail Elderly While only ten percent of the City's residents are over the age of 65, this age group has many special needs. Many senior citizens have fixed incomes and experience financial difficulty in coping with rising housing costs. This problem will grow in magnitude as the percentage of city residents that are elderly continues to increase, which has been projected. Supportive services that are desirable to this population include: 6 Affordable housing for very low income senior citizens. 6 Housing which is: Wheelchair accessible. Mixed with non-senior housing. Energy efficient. Equipped with elevators, door handles for arthritic hands, emergency pull cords, rails in bathrooms, walk-in tubs with no-slip coating, limited stairs (short and low), colors to heighten vision. 6 Services to help elderly age-in-place include: Congregate meals, service providers for in-home needs, nutrition, housekeeping, transportation, medical services provided on site, and counseling for age-related stressors. Persons with Mental Disabilities The following supportive housing are desirable for this population: 6 Apartment complex for people to transition to independent living. in Group home facilities to teach people to live independently. 6 Support services such as case management, nutrition, budgeting and basic housekeeping. 6 Housing in safe areas close to public transportation and stores. AIW 37 A 0 Community rooms for social activities. 0 Affordable permanent housing to very low income persons. Persons with Physical/Developmental Disabilities The following supportive housing are desirable for this population: Housing which is: 0 Affordable to very low and low income disabled persons. 0 Wheelchair accessible. 0 Equipped with roll-in showers, grip bars, ceiling fans with extended cords, low sinks and light switches, automatic door openers. 0 Close to public transportation and stores. According to the 1990 Census, 13% of San Bernardino's population age 16 to 64 is disabled. Another 42% of the population age 65 and older are disabled. Respondents to the Community Needs survey identified improvements for handicapped accessibility as a high priority. Persons with Alcohol or Other Drug Addictions Persons with alcohol and other drug addictions often, because of the behavioral reinforcement their condition requires, need supportive transitional housing after their initial rehabilitation in order to "practice" their rehabilitated lifestyle. Many require job referral services and educational guidance. Persons with AIDS/HIV+ and Other Related Diseases Persons who are HIV positive are a serious "at risk" population. As with the homeless population, however, this population is largely invisible to any sort of population census. People who are in this population group become "visible" at the point which they are in most acute need of housing and supportive services. There is a need for more supportive housing and services for persons who have lost their ability to generate income to pay for shelter and medical care as a result of HIV related illness. Large Families The housing needs of large families within this community are problematic on two counts. First, there is a limited supply of rental units with 3 or more bedrooms in the City. There are 4,811 38 households those having five or more members which require these rental units. As of the 1990 census, over sixteen percent of all households in the City of San Bernardino require 3 or more bedrooms. Often large families have several dependent children and need a location close to day care centers and schools. A high percentage of these households are low and moderate income. Additionally, a higher than average percent are paying more than thirty percent of their incomes for rent. Family Self-Sufficiency Program In order to assist households in achieving economic self-sufficiency, the San Bernardino County Housing Authority is developing a Family Self-Sufficiency program. This program will consist of a network of employers, social service agencies and educational institutions which will provide participating households with job skills and social services to: 1). Increase the household's income; 2). Make the household self-sufficient; and 3). Eliminate the household's need for rental assistance. 2. CHAS Table 1E - Non-Homeless Special Needs Populations 39 _---- ---_—__ -_ ---_--- - ----_----- U.S. D•p•res+ac aC ycwias and Urasa D.ve loq..ac . CltlS Taal• 1L OCfSc. of C®•nit•/ PLnntng aed DMlapvaC l.ea li.-da Yapulattcsa C.apreh..a iv. Kcu•ias Affordability Str.ta-y (CAS $ -cie2 ) 1:an-Ya•e p Iaatruct:o&a for LocaL Jur:adlct%... -_--^ -------- __'---_ — ----- - ( Data Scurta: (specify) � El— Y•ar P.n c ad: (ender fisal oC Jurisdiction: ( ) 1Y: tarnush TC: --�—'_ -- ( 1994 ( Isis City of San farnardiaa ( Gurre•C C+ta a• oC: (dace) Juan 1. 1993 ( ----- ---- _--_- - — - �---------- ^--- ) Kauu hallo in N•.d of Suppo Riv+ F'*"tag ------ 1. Lld.rly ^- ---- I -----� ---- __.^------ 2.217 - — --- — 2. 7ra11 Cld.riy _ _ __-^—_ — -- 1. D-„claps-acally Disabled ---- ---_—_ —_-- I _ -' - S. Pbysiully ILA • w-itb AlcaholitTtl•r Drys Wdicticn ( N/A 7. p.rsaaa ri” AIDS and FL lat•d Dise+sa•a -� d. Octer (59—ify)= - - -- ! -- - -_WA - ^--- ---- --- -^--- 1.t"nc'.iaaa Car Table LE Ja --lr+a Spacial N++ds pcpnlacivat . Lla. 2- Cacrr tae .-,c:sacad nusb+c of frail rld.riy 7e C•r to App.adiz A. G—oral D+Claicicm Ua«1 ritl t1• C175. car h..—hclde in need °f °pParc-�• hcurtag. • additiaaal de(iaitio.s of urns ased is this table. "11 LSCe 7- Catar tt —ti—td as:s.c oC IIaaa.holds Table it prartd.a a Cvrrat for •+tisecia9 c_• a.+d for auppartivr cmeqo,� d of at least one p+rso° wits savers =a.tal - I...ins for acted (tSan Lo•+1•.a) papulaticna wttS special a.-ds. ill=— in °•+d of svppar=l'^ bcus ia7. = _ :may pouaCial reea�• •9•°ci•• aad client grvapa they serve iaalnds: Lim. 4- Caur U- •s cls�•cad A-2"r oC bcaa.hclds c_:?p d a( at Laaat one develcp-- f dt'-._=1•d o State or local 7—tal Lea1t1 aq.aci ee for p•csana ri tl seve r'e parsaa is a•••d cc s.pP.Mi a bousi:g. J-acal illaea•: Eater t`_• •+cis.t.d nuaD.r or hcus..halda o S"t. at- local av•acie+ of X-atal remard.ti.a or Stets loin cocoon-d of at 1—.t c.. phy+ical3y diaabl•d p.rua dev+l,ntal dlaaatllciaa ca=ncitn for p-apla w1th develaprratal •f ..rr—iYe 1---—3. disablliti..; L.'a. 6- Cctar t1a .•tir�c.d nazb.c oC IIcus•batda far cv.poe.d of at l.a•t v.. p-rnaa wits alcohol/at..T e State rahabilitati as agencies lc=5 St"'h°Cicol die Lillti—: addic i.a is e.ed aC s.ppartive b...its. Iad.paad..t Livia, Cor PeaP P y" drvg Li.. 7- Laur t1• astiaac.d nusb.r aC IIaaz..hcids o Suu or an- ag•°ci•'• oa aging for old.rly p-°pie: rsaa wits AIDS and ielatsd spaced of at leas[ one pe divases :a need of a°Ppactiv+ bouzsns. o �. p_blic :ia1t1 S•crtce G•aur for Oia.aa. Caac�l for persons «iu Aids. Line E- Cstimu for a°yn otter icao° ahoy id.nci yids+ au.lr.r of - e ne-d clad in xe . Sp.ciflc Inacructiana: hcus•haLda is s..d vC supportive IIcaeLag. - LSn. 1 Lac r t1. e.etisated u—?,er of elderly ho°e.halds is n•-d of sapporc:ve hvastag. �• __ _ --_— -- -— ----- t11P 4D090-A (1/97) ---- ---- . 40 IV. NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT A major goal of the City of San Bernardino, in addition to creating and maintaining a viable urban community by providing decent housing, is to provide suitable living environment and expand the economic opportunities for its current and future residents with an emphasis on assisting. This section of the Consolidated plan will establish the needs of the San Bernardino Community in terms of economic opportunities, public infrastructure and facilities improvements and crime prevention activities. A. PUBLIC FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE Infrastructure is the collective, long-term investment by citizens in public facilities and public infrastructure necessary to their safety and convenience. Examples include transportation facilities (roads,bridges, fire stations,police substations),utilities (water systems, hazardous waste disposal, storm drains and sewers), and public service facilities(libraries,fire stations,police substations). For many years, key structures such as bridges, roads, bus systems, water supply systems, sewage treatment, solid waste disposal, and libraries have been taken for granted. Today, these public facility needs exceed available funding. Unaddressed, the facilities will continue to decline and the costs of replacing these vital systems could escalate beyond the limits of the City's funding capacity. The needs of specific kind of infrastructure are addressed below. Street Rehabilitation -A pavement network is a valuable asset to the population it serves and should be managed so the value is maintained at an optimum level over the long term. Industry experience has shown that it is less expensive to invest in preventative maintenance and/or timely rehabilitation on an ongoing basis, rather than reconstruction on an as needed basis. In order to implement the most cost effective approach, information concerning performance and the condition of the pavement network, its rate of deterioration and the impact of rehabilitation efforts on pavement serviceability levels is required. The City has determined, based on the age of the City's infrastructure and past repair and improvement funding limitations, that some type of immediate rehabilitation work is necessary on all of its streets and major arterial roads. The City prioritizes the form of rehabilitation of streets in order of cost effectiveness. That is, by preserving our streets with seals and overlays we lengthens their useful life.If we do not perform rehabilitation work as necessary, streets will further deteriorate and require complete reconstruction(remove and replace). The estimated unit cost per square foot of pavement rehabilitation is (slurry seal= 15 cents, cape seal=40 cents, 2.5" AC overlay=$1.00, reconstruction - $3.50) $5.05. There is a large range of costs for pavement maintenance. By effectively preserving our streets with seals and overlays we can minimize the major expense required for complete reconstruction. 41 Handicap Accessibility to Public Facilities and Public Walkways -As previously stated, persons with disabilities are in need of mobility and access to public facilities. Correctly serving this population requires design modifications to housing units, public facilities, senior centers, public restrooms, parks, etc. to make them accessible to this population. Accessibility to public facilities and buildings as well public streets and sidewalks is also desirable. Under the Federal Civil Rights Act and the State Title 24 Handicapped Requirements,local jurisdictions are required to comply with unfunded Federal mandates. The constraint to comply with these federal mandates is the City's financial limitations. On an ongoing basis, the City will assess the need for handicap accessible improvements. Summary. It is very difficult to solve these large and looming infrastructure problems. Infrastructure needs in the short run exceed the City's ability to address all of the problems. Since the current deficiencies in the sewer, storm drain and street systems are paramount,the City will utilize CDBG funds to address this need. Public Facilities. The continued preservation of the City's public buildings and facilities is high priority over the next five years. The City will provide CDBG funding for the rehabilitation of buildings such as health centers, senior centers, childcare centers, where a benefit to low- and moderate income households and/or neighborhoods will be realized. B. JOB CREATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Respondents to the Community Needs Survey identified the following needs as high priority: employment training, crime awareness,job creation and business support services. ECONOMIC OUTLOOK The following information is taken from the Quarterly Economic Report published by the Inland Empire Economic Partnership. The Inland Empire Economic Partnership is a coalition of business leaders concerned with the area's economic growth and the enhancement of the quality of life for all. For more information regarding the Quarterly Economic Report, contact QER writer John Husing, the IEEP consulting economist, at(909)425-8925. The direct phone number for IEEP is (909)941- 7877. Sales Recovery Stalling Inland Empire home sales indicate that the recent housing recession is continuing. 42 Late 1996: Growth Shouegin In the second half of 1996,Inland Empire home markets should begin to grow again. As Southern California's population is up to 25 people for each home built since 1990, a substantial pent-up demand exists. Also,homes are more affordable since mortgage payments have dropped as interest rates hit 25-year lows. Finally, Inland Empire new home prices are down and resales are less expensive than in L.A. or Orange Counties. Market Demand Forecast The following Market Demand Forecast is taken from a quarterly newsletter prepared by Market Profiles which focuses on the Inland Empire. Market Profiles is a real estate market consulting firm located in Costa Mesa, California. For information regarding the newsletter or other services provided by Market Profiles, contact John Shumway at(714) 546-3814. The most important factor influencing the demand for new homes is the rate of employment expansion. New jobs attract new households to the region, and jobs provide the necessary purchasing power for home ownership. The counties of San Bernardino and Riverside are monitored by the State on a combined bi-county basis. The bi-county area expanded its employment base from 452,700 jobs in 1980 to 755,400 jobs in 1990. The figures represent a gain of 302,700 new jobs, or a 5.4 percent annual growth rate. The bi-county job base declined in 1991 by 0.8 percent due to the national economic slowdown that began in mid-1990. This is a relatively strong performance compared to the other counties of Southern California, each of which experienced a decline in total employment during 1991 of more than 2.0 percent. The relatively strong performance is partially due to the strong growth momentum that had been built up over the past four years. The rate of employment growth in the Riverside/San Bernardino bi-county region continued to decelerate throughout 1991. Employment growth is projected to return in the later half of 1993,with an increase of between 0.5 and 1.5 percent. The rate of growth is projected to increase to between 2.0 and 4.0 percent in 1994 and 1995. Projected New-Home Demand There is a direct relationship between new home sales and the strength of the regional economy. Coincident with a decline in total employment, the San Bernardino County new-home market exhibited considerable weakness in 1992. However,total employment in San Bernardino county is projected to post a modest increase between 0.5 and 1.0 percent in 1993. The shift from negative to positive employment gains is projected to result in higher new-home sales volume for San Bernardino market area by the end of 1993. The increase in sales projected for the San Bernardino market area is much smaller than the increases in employment and the increases in sales in other market areas. The area will not benefit from in increase in the household base due to new jobs. However,modest sales increases will emanate from 43 a strengthening of consu*confidence as the regional economiclook improves. This will enable the release of pent-up demand caused by delayed purchase decisions among the existing household base. The Competitive Housing Market Report The following information is taken from a quarterly report prepared by The Meyers Group. The Meyers Group is a real estate information consulting services firm with five offices located throughout the western United States. For information regarding the quarterly report or other services provided by The Meyers Group, contact Steve Johnson at(714) 660-6160. Inventory levels dropped for the third consecutive quarter and are now at the lowest level since the Fourth Quarter of 1989. A total of 2,192 units(a 1.5%decrease)were released and unsold at the end of the Fourth Quarter compared to 2,226 units of inventory in the Third Quarter. The current trend is towards smaller phase releases.of usually not more than 10 units. this should keep these inventory figures well below those seen over the last few years. The newer projects appear to be more carefully designed to target a specific buyer profile,both in terms of product design, and price,thus prompting quicker sales rates and fewer inventory units. Existing projects continue to sell out with buyer incentives and lower prices. For the Fourth Quarter of 1992, each submarket had at least one project that sold better than 1.0 units per week. Chapparral II,by Century Homes in San Bernardino had 22 sales. During the fourth quarter of'92,Barratt's new project in San Bernardino, "Villanova" earned a 3.89 sales average per week since coming on-line in January of 1992. Employment Trends. The largest employers in the City of San Bernardino are in the retail and office sectors. The City has two regional malls, the Carousel Mall and the Inland Center Mall. Other large employers, each employing over 1,000 persons, are: San Bernardino County, San Bernardino City Unified School District, San Bernardino County Medical Center, St. Bernardino Medical Center, the City of San Bernardino, San Bernardino County Hospital, California State University, San Bernardino, Stater Brothers Markets and TRW. The labor force in the City of San Bernardino constitutes 60.8%of the population age 16 and older. Of the female pulation age 16 and older, 50.9% are in the labor force. The following table provides employment data. TABLE 13 a COMPARATIVE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, & r s';CITY,'.OF SAN BERNARDINO' 1990 1993 City of San Bernardino 11.0% 12.1% San Bernardino County 7.6% 11.7% State of California 5.6% 9.8% United States 5.5% 6.8% Sources: Calif.State Dept.of Labor,July 1993 except San Bernardino,May 1993. 1990 Census. I 44 As these figures show, San Bernardino has higher unemployment than the region, state and nation. The 1990 Census also she j that San Bernardino had higher unem_ /ment than the county, state and nation. The change from 1990 to 1993 reflects the economic recession that still plagues California and Southern California in particular. It should be noted that, while the City of San Bernardino has a higher unemployment rate,the change from 1990 to 1993 has been less severe and comparatively, the City has not lost as many jobs as the other areas. During the Consolidated Plan development process, increases in job growth and opportunities were cited by public participants most frequently as being the most important factor in improving housing affordability within the region. Many participants expressed the opinion that once job growth improved,all employment sectors would be revived and a higher level of employment coupled with higher wage job growth would assist the City's overall population in obtaining and keeping jobs which would allow the purchase or rental of adequate, affordable housing. Barriers To Economic Opportunity: Economic opportunity is affected by the visual appearance of commercial land industrial properties in the City. The overall appearance is such that it tends to discourage property maintenance and may impact expansion or relocation decisions. One of the long-term effects of these conditions, is that large portions of the commercial and industrial area have exposed storage yards with no buffering, landscaping, or architectural barriers. Portions of the business districts are poorly maintained and in need of repair. For the most part, adaptive reuse of many older buildings has been unsuccessful, resulting in inconsistent, physical conditions and appearance, site overcrowding,lack of storage space and lack of parking. In general the current property and structural conditions of these structures do not meet existing building codes and zoning standards. This prohibits upgrading and expansion because of the excessive cost that would be necessary to meet minimum standards. The physical condition of the district makes it more difficult for private persons to obtain financing to purchase and/or rehabilitate property within these deteriorating areas. Another barrier to economic development is the mixed-use of building types,sizes,and architectural styles,with no continuity or conformance to existing development standards.The results of sporadic, outdated development, greatly amplify the difficulties associated with public improvements and targeted revitalization involving multiple parcels. Difficulties are also associated with related public infrastructure improvements, including upgrading sewer systems,roadways, accessibility, and other utilities. Need for Job Training and Business Retention Programs. In June of 1994,the City in conjunction with several other public agencies and private organizations prepared an application to the federal government known as the "Empowerment Zone/Enterprise Communities Application. This Application identified the needs of a specific area of the City which is very distressed. This zone, as it is referred to, for the most part coincides with the census tracts identified previously in this Consolidated Plan as low-income census tracts. According to the 1990 census, 38.7% of the residents live below the poverty line; the average unemployment rate is 17.10% and 32% of the residents relyon public assistance. i 45 ,r z � � 1 J ry- �I z 00000 r V NNtco000 ° p, Ui t� L m .p 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 L• I--ri N Q Q) �t' (D CC) .f ca 0 �E � �'y T �•,•� �;x34 � ! L • 0 m �J do 46 These characteristics are in—cative of a need on the part of the City t(, ;velop job training programs to assist these persons in rising above the poverty level. It is the intent of the City, when feasible, to utilize redevelopment monies as well as CDBG funds to provide business retention programs and job training programs to economically empower the residents of these neighborhoods. San Bernardino Employment and Training (SBETA). The San Bernardino Employment and Training (SBETA) is responsible for measurable and monitorable employment and job training programs for more than twenty years. Job training is paramount to available employment opportunities. Collaboration with the community has always been an integral part of the SBETA's job training effort. The training programs being administered today by the SBETA require very strict eligible requirements for those in desperate need of job training through government programs. There is a great need to train or retrain adult unemployed who may not meet the strict eligibility requirements for JPTA and other programs. This group is being locked out. Many of the City's residents are educated yet unemployable due to changes in demand occupations. Many may be existing on savings from good jobs once held,yet are diminishing savings due to economic changes and the inability to enrolling retraining programs due to being ineligible. Serious effort must be initiated to accommodate those in this emergency situation. This is particularly true of persons previously unemployed because of the recent closure of Norton Air Force base. Business Environment. If San Bernardino is to diversify its economic base,existing "export" firms must remain in the City and expand, and new firms must be convinced to migrate to it. In the competitive era, with companies willing to locate anywhere, it is up to the City to create an environment which entrepreneurs and executives see as the most favorable to their operations. Specifically, the targets of a retention and expansion strategy must be those companies whose customers mostly lie outside the City and/or the region. These firms are in the economic base as they draw dollars to the community. They include manufacturers such as Cobra Industries, Accent Furniture and Anita's Mexican Food; service companies like Automated Health Services Laundry and Santa Fe Railroad;restaurants like TGIF or Le Rendezvous;and regional retail stores like Harris Company, Gottschalks, and Sears. In creating a retention and expansion strategy, it should be noted that small firms are of equal importance to large ones. While the latter may represent much of today's economic base, smaller companies provide most of tomorrow's job growth. This is particularly true in a newer economic zone like the Inland Empire. Here,despite the defense cutback,the economy has added jobs because existing small firms have continued growing and new ones keep migrating to the region. San Bernardino has seen its share of smaller firms grow up to be major employers. In the past, MacDonalds started as two brothers with a hamburger stand on "E" street. GE Capital's San Bernardino operation was once San Bernardino Mortgage and Loan. Anita's Foods was a family business just off of Mt.Vernon. Crown Printers started as three brothers working together. Today, a new generation of firms such as Games For Fun and Health Sciences Data Corporatior are proving the truth of this axiom again. 47 CONCERNS SOLUTIONS Grafitti Established Graffiti Removal Program. Vandalism Bicycle patrol. Safety Code enforcement and neighborhood watch programs. Neighborhood Revitalization Neighborhood maintenance including tree trimming. painting, repairs and graffiti removal. Gangs Youth Intervention Program Homeless Homeless Coalition P ` Job Creation Support existing business districts with low- interest loans and grants. Business support and counseling programs (e.g. SCORE) Job linkage and training program. facade:.... : Seismic Retrofit Code Enforcement 48 Summary Past and current assessments of need determine that the major problem facing low income residents of San Bernardino is overpayment or high cost of housing coupled with unemployment and/or City may create job training underemployment. To assist in rectifying these impediments, ty y � g opportunities utilizing CDBG and other funds as appropriate. Commercial rehabilitation will also be pursued by the City in an attempt to ameliorate the health and safety code violations and promote the viability of neighborhoods where very low and low-income households reside. C. PUBLIC SERVICES Public Safety - A major goal of the City of San Bernardino is to create a Manifesto for crime- prevention revolution that will be successful in sharply reducing crime in its neighborhoods, schools and entire cities. There are currently three active organizations in the City: (1) San Bernardino Neighborhood Watch; (2) San Bernardino Police and Sheriffs Departments; and (3) the Citizens Patrol Organization. The City in its endeavors to provide a safe living environment for all of its residents with an emphasis on residents in low-income neighborhoods is to expand the availability of the Neighborhood Watch Association on a daily basis to lower income residents in the City. To assist in reducing crime overall in these neighborhoods, the City will pursue the acquisition of various pieces of equipment such as portable scanners and hand engravers. These types of equipment will enable the City to (1) keep track of actual day to day crimes, locations and physical description of suspects and(2)make it easier for citizens to report the stolen items, respectively. The hiring of additional police officers may also be considered by the City over the next five year period as an active measure to provide a safer and more protected environment for all of its residents. D. CONCLUSION San Bernardino's limited resources are not adequate to address all the housing requirements of low- and moderate-income households, elderly residents, people with special needs, and other in-need populations. The size of the housing problem is large if considering only the affordable housing shortage,abating lead based paint hazards, and rehabilitating housing units. The infrastructure problem facing San Bernardino is also overwhelming. All these problems facing the City have accumulated over decades, and their resolution will take 49 many years. The people c,- an Bernardino share in the task of exing creative approaches to expanding the supply of housing, eliminating homelessness, solving the infrastructure deficiencies, and increasing employment and the wage levels of San Bernardino's employees. HUD funding sources are extremely small, about $5 million, in relation to the size of the City's needs, as noted above. Yet, the City intends to move forward in securing and applying all federal, state, and private resources in resolving the City's housing, homeless, infrastructure, and economic development problems, one year and one step at a time. 50 V. HOUSING AND MARKET ANALYSIS the San Bernardino Consolidated Plan provides a The Housing and Market Analysis section of p description of the City's residents, highlights key market and housing characteristics and identifies the primary housing needs within the community, and the available resources to develop affordable housing opportunities. Specifically,this section of the Consolidated Plan will assess who lives in San Bernardino,what are the past,current and future housing and Non-housing characteristics in the City,what problems and opportunities exist given the composite of resident needs and housing and non-housing characteristics and what actions and resources have historically been used to meet the City's housing needs. A. Market and Inventory Characteristics In order to create a context for the Consolidated Plan,the City describes important factors, trends, and general population characteristics in the following section. This section provides a general background of San Bernardino citizens, neighborhoods, and economic and social factors affecting the community. 1. Community Description a. Background and Trends Incorporated in 1854,the City of San Bernardino is proud of its heritage and rich cultural diversity. Located at the base of the San Bernardino Mountains in the"Heart of the Inland Empire", and within Y proximity imi of ocean beaches, desert playgrounds and mountain resorts, San Bernardino offers tY the best possible location for recreation,culture, and employment opportunities. The City is served by major transportation corridors including Interstates 10 and 215, railroads and the Metrolink commuter train linking Los Angeles employment with affordable,quality housing. San Bernardino is located within easy proximity of Southern California's chief employment centers of Los Angeles and Orange counties,making it a"strategic" residential location. San Bernardino is the County Seat for San Bernardino County, the largest county in the continental United States, and is the area's governmental, financial and business center. Accelerated job growth and the City of San Bernardino's number one ranking in population,retail sales,and financial deposits within the county,all contribute to its significant attractiveness for new development. From 1980 to 1990 San Bernardino's population grew by approximately 50%. The City's current population of roughly 181,000 residents is expected to grow to 228,000 by the year 2010. Accelerated job growth is forecast for San Bernardino into the next century,thus highlighting the need for significant additional housing opportunities. 51 There is an ample supply of inexpensive,undeveloped land within the city of San Bernardino. Land values are such that entr} vel homes can be built to attract first .e buyers and more upscale development is also possible in the prestigious hillside communities of the City. One of San Bernardino's most attractive qualities is central location relative to the recreational playgrounds and cultural attractions of Southern California. It is within a 60-minute drive of Pacific Ocean beaches, desert communities such as Palm Springs,the mountain resorts of Lake Arrowhead and Big Bear,Disneyland and downtown Los Angeles. In terms of transportation, San Bernardino is extremely well connected. One of the largest freight airports in the world, Ontario International Airport, is located less than 25 miles from the city of San Bernardino. Locally,the city features is own cultural attractions including a Civic Light Opera Association, and county museum of Natural History. A complete array of educational facilities are available in San Bernardino including: 39 elementary schools, eight middle schools, six senior high schools, five "special needs" schools (including Adult Education), and five children's centers for pre-schoolers. San Bernardino Valley College and California State University, San Bernardino, are also located within the city. A variety of other institutions are located within a ten mile radius include the world-renowned Loma Linda University Medical Center, the University of Redlands and the University of California at Riverside. Household Income The median family income in the City of San Bernardino is$28,843 according to 1990 Census data. . ,. This is 28%less than the median income within San Bernardino County of$36,977. Based on these numbers, a very low income family (one whose income is 50% or less of the San Bernardino City median income) in the City of San Bernardino would have an annual income of$14,422 or less. Families with low incomes (one whose income is between 50 and 80 percent of the San Bernardino City median)would range from$14,423-23,074 per year. The following table provides the income breakdown according to the City's median family income. TABLE i5 INCOME RANGES'' `-f ;CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO , 1990 Census Median Income,City of San Bernardino $28,843 Category Definition Income Range Very Low Income Less than 50%of Median Less than$14,422 Low Income 51 to 80%of Median $14,423 -$23,074 Moderate Income 81 to 95%of Median $23,075-$27,400 High Income More than 95%of Median More than$27,400 Source: 1990 Census,CHAS Table IA For reference purposes, the HUD adjusted 1993 median family income for the City of San 52 Bernardino is $41,000. The HUD median family income is significantly higher than the City's median family income since the HUD number is a regional figure for San Bernardino County that includes the higher income communities in the western portion of the County. b. Demographics General Population According to the Bureau of the Census, the 1990 population of the City of San Bernardino was 164,164 persons. It is the most populous city in San Bernardino County and grew throughout the last decade by 39.7%. In 1990,the City of San Bernardino had approximately 11.6% of the total County population of 1,418,380. The City's population increased by 39.7%while the County's population increased by 58.5% between 1980 and 1990. The City's current population is estimated at 181,000 as of January 1, 1993. 2 �e'v' - a-$'` r ate.„ ', rr„s,�'M.R +: .. `s'g�.,y w z.y 2�` i.'G 1 z 'M�_ 7p'x..., 't"' � R ' �:�� r �,, � y�L.wF.�1-•s a s ads- �.+�5=yt �aRy �A+a�� �c �� ..�i*n.�� � 3: � ', POPULATION AND .,f a '"i '!, *Mir_ " � _ C1TY�OF SAN BERNARDINO Year Population %Increase from prior census 1970 106,869 N/A 1980 117,490 13% 1990 164,164 39.7% Source:U. S.Census(1970, 1980, 1990) The population growth of the past decade may be attributed to increasing migration to the Inland Empire from Los Angeles and Orange counties as well as increased immigration from Mexico. Household Population The number of households in the City of San Bernardino increased by 11,657 between 1980 and 1990 to atotal of 54,482. The average household size increased from 2.62-persons in 1980 to 2.9 persons in 1990. Family groups make up 70% of these households, including female-headed households which comprise 17.5%of the total household population. The average household size for renter-occupied households is 2.97 persons per unit as compared to 2.84 persons per unit for owner occupied households. However,the average housing unit size for renters is 3.8 53 rooms while owners average 5.5 rooms. The data on overcrowding confirtrsthat renter households have a more difficult time finding housing of an adequate size. City-wide, there are 7,924 overcrowded households,representing 14.5% of the total households. An overcrowded unit is defined as having more than 1.01 persons per room(excluding bathrooms, halls, foyers, porches and half-rooms). Among renter households,21.5%(5,603)are overcrowded with almost one-quarter of those units(1,350)containing more than 2.01 persons per room. Owner-occupied households include 2,321 (8.2%)units that are overcrowded. TABLE 17 HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS { CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO Characteristic 1980 1990 Total Households 45,260 54,482 Total Families 29,636 38,368 %Families 65% 70% Single Person Households 11,141 12,722 %Single 25% 23% Average Household Size 2.62 2.9 Overcrowded(1.01+ 3,123 7,924 persons per room) (6.9%) (14.5%) Source:U. S. Census(1980, 1990) From 1980 to 1990 the median age decreased from 30.1 to 28.2. The largest segment of the population is adults ages 25 to 44, comprising 32.6% of the City's population. School age children, ages 5 through 18, are the next largest group, with 22.3% of the population. The smallest segment of the population is senior citizens, age 65 and older, with 10% of the City's total. Table 14 illustrates the City's age distribution. 54 TABLE 18 AGE DISTRIBUTION CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO Age Number Percent 0-4(Pre-School) 17,698 10.8% 5-18(School) 36,533 22.3% 19-24(Young Adult) 17,084 10.4% 25-44(Adult) 53,589 32.6% 45-64(Middle Age) 22,864 13.9% 65+(Senior Citizens) 16.396 10.0% 164,164 100.0% Source: 1990 Census Persons living in group quarters. Also noted at the time of the 1990 census was the fact that 4,071 people, or 2.5% of the City's residents, live in group quarters such as mental hospitals, homes for the aged, group homes and dormitories. Additionally, 1,988 live in correctional institutions. There is no comparable 1980 data, as this was not collected for the 1980 census. Comments received during the Consolidated Plan development process from the public indicates that some persons in the community believe the de-institutionalization of the mentally ill from the San Bernardino County Mental Health facility has contributed to the rise in the homeless population within the City. 10 1- c. Racial and Ethnic Characteristic The City of San Bernardino is one of ethnic diversity. According to the 1990 U.S. Census, whites are the largest racial group, with 45.6% of the population. Hispanics represented the next largest ethnic group in San Bernardino, with an increase in total population growing from 25% in 1980 to 35% in 1990. Blacks comprise just over 15% and Asians/Pacific Islanders comprise almost 4% of the City's population. The Black population grew by 47% and the Asian/Pacific Islander population grew by 254% over the decade. Table 16 on the following page provides the population's ethnic and racial distribution. Concentration of Racial/Ethnic Minorities and/or Low Income Families. An "area of low-income concentration" is defined as a specific section of the City where lower income households (less than 80% of median) reside in concentrations of 50% or greater. Similarly, an "area of racial/ethnic minority" means specific regions of the community where minorities constitute 50% or more of the population within the census tract. 55 Ali '�'" TABLE 19 j 1 - RACE AND ETHNICITY CITY OF SAN BERNARDIN O F, Race/Ethnicity 1980 1990 Percent of Total Native American 1,326 1,173 0.7% Asian 1,732 6,195 3.8% Black 17,089 25,164 15.3% White 67,035 74,817 45.6% Other 450 402 0.2% Hispanic 29.858 56.413 Mn Total 117,490 164,164 100.0% Source: U.S.Census 1980 and 1990 data. Racial/Ethnic Concentrations. While individuals of all ethnic groups can be found throughout the City, slightly higher concentrations of specific populations can be found in the following areas: E20-", ; d r POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY ETHNIC GROUPS 1k, CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO ,. City All Minorities Ward White Hispanic Black Asian Other 1st Ward 5,459 13,857 3,620 1,222 276 18,975 2nd Ward 10,283 10,158 3,023 884 247 14,312 3rd Ward 8,059 11,869 2,716 1,435 198 16,218 4th Ward 18,321 3,044 1,932 817 225 6,018 5th Ward 16,183 4,589 2,306 1,080 224 8,199 6th Ward 3,160 10,471 9,737 836 191 21,235 7th Ward 16,165 4,483 2,508 1 609 1 209 1 8,169 Source: City of San Bernardino Clerk's Office,Rachel Krasney,City Clerk,February, 1992. The First, Second, Third and Sixth Wards are all areas of minority concentration in the City Of San Bernardino. A map of the wards with these concentrations marked is presented at the end of this section (Map 1). Low-Income Concentrations. Historically,low-income concentrations tend to coincide with areas of racial/ethnic concentrations. Data on low-income concentr,tions in San Bernardino confirm this tendency since the census tracts within which the median income is less than 80% of area median income generally overlay the wards in which there is an ethnic/racial concentration of 50% or more. This information is presented on Map 2 at the end of this section. Households Below Poverty Level. Poverty thresholds are revised periodically to allow for changes in the cost of living as reflected in the Consumer Price Index. The average poverty threshold for a family of four persons was $12,674 for 1989. Poverty thresholds are applied on a national basis and 56 .rtr are not adjusted for regional, state or local variations in the cost of living. Consequently, the true _ number of impoverished persons in San Bernardino is higher than revealed by the 1990 Census since the cost of living in the area is higher than national figures due to higher housing costs. As of 1989, 7,613 families had incomes below the poverty line;this figure represents 19%of all families in the City. Based on these statistics, nearly 1 in 5 families lived in poverty in the City of San Bernardino during 1989. TABLE 21 ti HOUSEHOLDS,BELOW POVERTY °CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO Below Poverty Level Above Poverty Level Household Type # % # % Households Below Poverty Level 9,808 18% 44,836 82% Families 7,532 19% 31,504 81% Marred Couple Family: With Children 0-17 2,128 14% 12,971 86% No Children under 18 391 3% 11,115 97% Female-Headed Family: With Children 0-17 4,106 56% 3,270 44% No Children under 18 318 14% 1,962 86% Elderly(65+) 1,193 1 11% 1 10,674 1 89% Source: 1990 U.S.Census -SCAG 29 Page Profile. A substantially higher portion of the City's families(19%)live in poverty when compared with the State rate of 9.3%, and the County rate of 10.3%, as defined by the 1990 U.S. Census. Black, Hispanic, and Asian households are disproportionately represented in very low-income categories, exceeding 40% or more. This indicates that there is likely to be a higher concentration of these households experiencing life at poverty level than White or Native American households experience. Another indication of impoverishment is the number of households registering for public assistance programs. Records kept by the County Department of Public Social Services (DPSS) show a tremendous increase in case load in the public assistance programs. According to the May 1993 reports of case counts,28,840 households were on some form of public assistance in the San Bernardino City area. This is a 68%increase from the 1988 case load of 17,000. These households have a population of 74,314 persons. The average monthly grant amounts to AFDC recipients is$554 which was reduced by the State of California in FY 92 due to grant rollbacks and other state funding reductions. In the past three years DPSS monthly intake has doubled. Officials report in increased migration from Los Angeles and Orange County due to housing costs and constraints in these areas. In San Bernardino, 3,247 new applications are received each month. At this time, combining all types of assistance,45% of the total population receives some type of public assistance. 57 TABLE 22. . .. TYPES OF PUBLIC ASSISTANCE' CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO '. . . Caseload Persons AFDC 15,328 45,371 Food Stamps Only 7,315 28,746 General Relief 197 197 28,840 74,314 Source: County Dept.of Public Social Services, May 1993. Maps CHAS Table 1A 58 o � rr- Q y 'i Z Z3 00000 to N Rt CD 00 O W CO V 0 0 0 0 0 ARE +-+ +-+ +-+ +-J +,J ca 00000 z N It c0 00 !'' Q •� L..� • a. ❑ ® ® �fJ O Ell .. }. NOPI A 13 _ w _ • ti cc lvj co YUN =,x l...i `K ek y �y�5 s,r ♦- { ,M Kt: 59 O z o ZIA Z 00000 ry- J N �tCflo00 c co T co m m o 0 0 0 0 r-• rn Z C14 Ict (D co V � _ Q ❑ El ® ® ® U— m r ri ca co ca � r Y � L L• VJ yR�;t�� a rr.S C 0 0 s.. b �J 60 �...-- and Deveiopment C,W15 Table 1A O on of Community Planning Comprehensive Housing Affordability Shr--Y(CKkS) Population L Household Data Instrucaons tar Local Jun3diCons . :game of Jurisdlc=an: i of San Hemartfino % I O. Refadve Median Income of Jurisdlct.on 1 I 1980 I 19`.A I ._ - I 1 Data Change Population Census Oata Cans 1 1%I I I I hSe {edian Jurisdan's (A) (B) C Family Median Family I NMedian In =r Irc me ma(not Fmily 67, 1 74,731 1 ( 1 1 1 1 1 available for I Income 1 1.White(non-Hlspanlc) i' I I I I urban I I. I 1' countas and I 1 17.0891 25,0451 I 1 1 consortia) I { y,• Etack(non-HISPanic) I I I I I 1 I Hispanic(all race) 1 858 1 I- I 537 Z73 1 528.E 1 335.939 1 _. lisp { 1_---I-•-----(�� I i 1,325 i 1,0961 -17% - 4, Native American 1 _� (non-Hispanic) ----i�——'� 6,1341 254%1 1 1 73�1 1 5. Asian b Pacific Islanders I 1 4501 4031 6. Ocher(non-Kspanic) I 1 I I 117.4901 164,1641 40%1 7. Total Population 1 112.460 i 158.1051 41%1 L Household Popufation 5.0241 6.059 I S. NorrHousehold Popufatian i 1 1 1 B.Speral Categariea i rant farm� ers.ete.) (e.g.students.military.m g I 1 I I 1 I I I I 1 %Moderate 1 %Very Low i tG Other Low 1 1 Above 1 Total 1%o(Tatal I I income 1 Income 95%MF1' I C.Housahofds ousaholds 1 Income e 1 8145%MF1' 1 I Households I H 1 0-50%MF1' ( 51„0%h1Fi (� 1 (F) I I 1990 I (C) . I (0) I i (A) • 1 26%I 1 I I 1 3 0 56-A ,x921 i I 1_Wite h (non4-tlspanic) I 46%1 17%I 7'�1 � 2 61acic(non Hispanic) i 8.079 1 i—�--i—�, i9%1 1 14,111 I I J 3.Hispanic(alt races) 33%I i26%1 w/ nt 4. Na 37-A 1 (non-�lispanic) ' 47%I 11%1 6'!6 I g Asian b Paci(lc lslandeo (non4-bpanic) 100%i 31%1 18%1 I I 1 54.6441 I S.Atl Hausahoids I .• I Or,bard upon HUO adjusted Income limits,if applicable HUO 40090-A(1193) CdI2MWSaTASLEIAwk1 61 2. Market and Inventory Conditions This section of the FY 1995-1999 Consolidated Plan is comprised of four sections. The first part isummarizes the City of San Bernardino's general housing market and inventory conditions in terms of supply, demand,condition and cost. The second part discusses the availability of any assisted housing, Section 8 housing and public housing. The third part is an inventory of facilities and services for the homeless,and services for those at risk of becoming homeless. Part four inventories supportive housing for non-homeless persons in need of special assistance. CHAS Table 1B, at the end of this section, reviews much of the narrative put forth here. a. General Market and Inventory Housina Needs for the Next Five Years. By state law, the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) is required to provide a Regional Housing Needs Assessment(RHNA),which estimates future housing needs by income groups. However,due to budget constraints at the state level, the RHNA mandate has been temporarily suspended. The most recent RHNA projections are for the years 1988-1994 and are thus not current for the time period covered by this Consolidated Plan. However, the distribution by income group still applies and is shown in the following table. TABLE 20 FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS' CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO- Income Group Percent .� Very Low Income 14.4% Low Income 23.3% Moderate Income 22.4% High Income 39.9% TOTAL 100.0% Source: Regional Housing Needs Assessment, 1988-1994, Southern California Association of Governments. The SCAG estimate is a rough breakout of how much housing development each city within Southern California is "responsible for" given anticipated population growth rates and other factors. This estimate is simply a tool which Southern California communities use in the evaluation and development of their General Plans. 62 Housing Supply and Demand The 1990 Census data indicates a total of year-round housing in San Bernardino at 58,804 units. Approximately 93% of these units are occupied, with 26,014 (44.2%) renter-occupied and 28,468 (48.4%) owner-occupied. The vacancy rate at the time of the 1990 Census was 8.5% for rental units or 2,407 rental vacancies and 2.1% for owner units or 609 owner-occupied units available for sale. There was a total housing unit increase of 26.6% (12,346 units) during the 1980's from 46,458 to 58,804. During this same time period,population increased by 39.7%which indicates that the housing stock did not grow at the same rate as the population. The overall vacancy rate for 1990 was 5.1%. Table 21 shows the number and type of housing units in the City of San Bernardino in 1980 and 1990. TABLE 21 HOUSING STOCK BREAKDOWN CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO' Type 1980 Percent 1990 Percent Single-Family 31,990 68.9% 35,698 60.7% Multiple Family 11,472 24.7% 18,709 31.8% Mobile Homes 2,958 6.4% 4,397 7.5% TOTAL 46,428 100.0% 58,804 100.0% Source: 1980 and 1990 U.S.Census. Owner-Occupied Units. In 1990,there were 28,468 owner-occupied units in the City. These totaled 48.4%of the total occupied housing stock. As of 1990, 80,962 persons or 49.3%of the total population resided in owner-occupied units. Over 86% of all owner-occupants live in single family detached homes. The second highest percentage are the 9%of all owner-occupants living in mobile homes. The remaining 5% of owner-occupants live in condominiums or single family attached homes. Rental Units. In the City of San Bernardino,44.2%of all occupied housing units are renter occupied. In 1990,approximately 76,509 persons occupied these rental units. Forty percent of all renters occupied single-family detached units. The second highest percentage,or 13%of all renters, occupied three and four unit garden apartments. The remaining 47% of all renters occupied a varied mix of units from single family attached rental units to large apartment complexes and mobile homes. According to local real estate brokers,the vacancy rate in the rental market currently fluctuates between 15 and 20 percent. This is thought to be a result of the national recession and its impact on the local economy. 63 STABLE 22,�� REN'T'AL AND OVY_NE_R U1�tITS � � =,� f CTTY OF SAN BERNARDINO Category 0 and 1 Bedroom 2 bedrooms 3 or more bedrooms Renter 11,491 or 40% 11,941 or 42% 4,989 or 18% Owner 2,326 or 8% 9,013 or 31% 17,738 or 61% Source:U.S. 1990 Census,CHAS Table 1B Overcrowding The 1990 Census showed that there are 7,924 overcrowded housing units, representing 14.5% of the occupied units. Overcrowding is more severe among renters, with 5,603 (21.5%) overcrowded rental units. However, overcrowding is also an issue with some owners, since 2,321 (8.2%) of the owner- occupied units are overcrowded. The City of San Bernardino contains 2,302 large households (7 or more persons) comprising 4.2% of the total households. As the statistics on overcrowding would suggest, large households have special needs in fmding housing that is of an adequate size. Table 22 illustrates the number of persons per unit for both renter and owner households. F'TENURE BY PERSONS IN UNITk• 4�3 � CITY OF SAN BERI�tARDINO := Persons in Unit Owner-Occupied Renter Occupied Number Percent Number Percent 1 Person 6,078 21.3% 6,644 25.5% 2 Persons 9,097 32.0% 6,222 23.9% 3 Persons 4,727 16.6% 4,497 17.3% 4 Persons 4,288 15.1% 3,840 14.8% 5 Persons 2,216 7.8% 2,286 8.8% 6 Persons 1,090 3.8% 1,195 4.6% 7 or more Persons 972 3.4% 1,330 5.1% TOTAL 28,468 100.0% 26,014 100.0% Source: 1990 Census 64 Housing Stock Condition In September of 1987, a windshield survey of the condition of the existing housing stock in the City was conducted by the Planning and Building Services Department in conjunction with development of the Housing Element of the City's General Plan. The stock was assessed into one of four categorical conditions: Standard, Standard - Minor Repairs Needed, Substandard - Major Repairs Needed and Unsuitable for Rehabilitation. Definitions of these categories are as follows: 1. "Standard Condition" by local definition, means units that are well maintained and in good condition with no repairs needed. 2. ' Standard, Minor Repairs Needed", means by local definition housing units that need minor maintenance and repairs but are basically in sound condition. Necessary repairs could include cosmetic work, correction, minor livability problems or maintenance work. 3. Substandard, Major Repairs Needed" means by local definition dwelling units that do not meet standard condition but are both financially and structurally feasible for rehabilitation. Major repairs include items such structural repairs and replacement of deteriorated siding or sagging roofs. 4. "Unsuitable for Rehabilitation",by local definition, refers to units that are in such poor condition as to be neither structurally or financially feasible for rehabilitation. This survey was based on exterior appearance alone and did not identify units which are substandard due to interior conditions or structural deficiencies. Deteriorated and dilapidated structures were identified throughout the City. This windshield survey found 1,100 units that were assessed as substandard/deteriorated and require substantial repair of such items as roofs, doors and windows as well as repair of other visible health and safety hazards. Another 150 considered in such poor condition that the unit has exceeded its useful life and could not be rehabilitated without substantial cost or substantial reinforcement of the existing structure(dilapidated). All deteriorated and dilapidated units were subsequently inventoried and mapped and are contained within the current Housing Element of the City's General Plan. The Housing Element also notes that 6,281 units in the City do not meet local building code requirements. In summary then,approximately 11%of all existing units are in some substandard condition, of which 8% are suitable for rehabilitation, and 3% have exceeded their useful life. It is difficult within the context of a windshield survey to distinguish between rental and owner-occupied units. For the purpose of this document it is assumed that the overall condition between rental and owner units are equal. 65 141'��q x HOUSING STOCK CONDITIONS 3 ' s , ]IF, SAN BERNARDINO Condition Percent Standard 89%(Combined Total) Standard,Minor Repairs Needed Substandard, Suitable for Rehabilitation 11%(Combined Total) Substandard,Unsuitable for Rehabilitation TOTAL 100% Source: City of San Bernardino,Housing Element of the General Plan. Table 25 shows the age of San Bernardino's housing stock. Approximately 9.5%, or 5,520 units,were built prior to 1939. These units may have historic value in the community and may be in good condition. However,age is one indication of the potential need for rehabilitation. Housing built before 1939 is also less likely to have been built to the structural standards necessary to withstand a major earthquake. Since San Bernardino is located in a region with earthquake faults that are capable of producing a major earthquake (Richter magnitude 6.5 or greater), its housing programs will need to address the earthquake safety of older housing units. Seismic safety improvements are considered necessary to protect health and safety and, as a result, may be funded with Community Development Block Grant funds if the building occupants meet income eligibility requirements. The most common problems in older units are failure to securely fasten the structure to the foundation and unreinforced masonry work(chimneys and porches). M, r } ���� ,�-����: � �`'�#'�� r ��z• ,� � �.��.�t`�-TABLE 25 .� ,� �• �,. � w� �..- 3 .�. �., � � k� �� a�" PAGE OF HOUSING STOCK�� Asa 'F t ._ f'� •"a:- �' 'i +^-....E- � CTTY_OF-SAN:BERNARDINO�; Year Built Units Percent Before 1939 5,520 9.5% 1940-1959 7,185 12.2% 1960-1979 28,809 49.0% 1980-1989 17.209 2 Total 58,804 100.0% Source: 1990 U. S.Census. "Substandard Condition",by local definition,refers to units that are in such poor condition as to be neither structurally or financially feasible for rehabilitation. 66 "Substandard Condition but Suitablefor Rehabilitation"means by local definition dwelling units that do not meet standard condition but are both financially and structurally feasible for rehabilitation. Units that require only cosmetic work, correction,or minor livability problems or maintenance work are not included. The need for this option will increase over time as the baby boom population gets older and as medical advances and emphasis on healthy lifestyles increases overall life expectancy. San Bernardino's residents aged 65 years or older increased nominally(13,256 to 15,259)but fell as a percentage(11.3% to 10%) of the total population from 1980 to 1990. The age of San Bernardino's housing stock is advanced, especially as compared to the County. While the age of the housing stock does not necessarily correlate with deterioration, it appears that in the City of San Bernardino much of the housing stock has been allowed to deteriorate due to absentee landlords or a general lack of care by the landlords. Thirty-three percent of the total number of rental units are owned by absent landlords. Also, within the City, over 9,383 single family units (26% of all single family units)have absent owners and it is presumed that the majority of these are rented homes. The 1990 Census revealed that 235 (.4%)of the housing units lacked complete plumbing facilities and 412 (.7%) lacked complete kitchen facilities. Most of these units were renter-occupied and contained more than 1.01 persons per room. These units would require upgrading in order to bring them up to standard condition. It is possible that some of these problems are found in housing units that need replacement. HOUSING UNITS LACKING COMPLETE PLUMBING s,,c 3..' s€ F KITCHEN FACILITIES " sq � '` c CITY`OF,SAN BERNARDINO Number Percent Units Lacking Complete Plumbing Facilities 235 0.4% Units Lacking Complete Kitchen Facilities 412 0.7% Source: 1990 Census. Affordability of Owner-Occupied Housing. Trends in the price of housing can either expand or contract the number and proportion of families that can afford homeownership. When the price of new housing continuously increases at a rate greater than income gains, more and more households are priced out of the homeownership market. The impact of price escalation is most severe on first-time homebuyers. The price of new housing influences the resale price of existing homes. When new home values are high relative to consumer income, consumers interested in home ownership turn to the resale market, thus inducing pressures for price increases in that sector. 67 During the decade of the 1980's,housing cost in San Bernardino increased substantially. In 1980 the median single family unit value was$52,600. In 1990, Census information shows this unit was valued at$96,200, an increase of 82% in just 10 years (not adjusted for inflation). According to the Greater Inland Valley Multiple Listing Service, 353 resale homes were sold in the City of San Bernardino in the third quarter of 1993,with a median resale price of$96,000. While this price is essentially the same as in 1990,it represents a drop of 4.6%from the third quarter of 1992. This shows that there was price appreciation between 1990 and 1992 and depreciation from 1992 to 1993. Recently interest rates reached their lowest levels in twenty-two years,thus making home ownership more affordable. The affordability index for San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, which measures the percent of the population that is able to purchase a median priced home,reached 51%in July 1993. However, despite favorable interest rates and lower prices,home sales have remained stagnant. Many households are postponing purchasing a new or move-up home due to economic uncertainty including high unemployment rates and proposed tax increases. Assessing 1990 data,prices have continued to escalate at a commensurate rate throughout the region. In 1990, the median value of a home in San Bernardino County was 34% greater than a home in San Bernardino. Between 1980 and 1990 the median value of homes in San Bernardino increased at an overall rate of 82%. This reflects the incredible appreciation in home values that the Southern California region experienced throughout the 1980's. Housing prices are stabilizing now,however, and it appears a regional adjustment is occurring in the sale prices of homes throughout this region. Home values are not expected to experience tremendous growth during the next 10 year period. Affordability of Rental Housing. Rental rates have also increased at a slightly faster rate than housing prices. For San Bernardino in 1980,the median rental rate was$196 per month. By 1990, the average rental was $422 per month, an increase of 115% from 1980. During the same time period, median income increased by 106%which indicates that rents increased at a faster rate than incomes. The 1990 median rent of$422 would require a minimum annual income of$16,900 in order to avoid overpayment (spending more than 30% of gross income on housing costs). Data on gross rent as a percentage of household income by type in 1990 is presented in Table 18. The majority of the City's lower income households are renters and this influences the character of housing assistance needs. In 1990, 7,075 (24.9%)households in owner occupied housing units were spending 30%or more of their income on housing. In 1990,the number of renters paying more than 29%of their income for rent was 12,872 households,49.5%of all renter households. A large number of households (31.3% or 17,054 households) in lower income brackets spent thirty percent or more of their income for housing costs. Because of the high home values in California, overpayment for shelter is a trend that has been proven throughout the 1980's and is shown to persist in the 1990's given the data on the following page. 10 68 - 4''r �S� COST BURDENED RENTER AN.'OWNER OCCUPANTS *` `�� '� CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO. Household by Type,Income and%Cost Renters Owners Total Burden Households Very Low Income(VLiI Number Percent 0-30%MFI' 7,739 2,615 10,354 19% %Cost Burdened>30% 85.5% 63.6% %Cost Burdened>50% 70.7% 47.2% 31-50%MFI• 4,664 2,835 7,499 13.8% %Cost Burdened>30% 78.5% 44.2% %Cost Burdened>50% 30.0% 21.6% Total VLI Households 12,403 5,450 17,853 32.8% Low Income(LI) 51-80%MFI' %Cost Burdened>30% 2.8% 9.7% %Cost Burdened>50% ,019 9898 Total LI Households 5,019 4,898 9,917 18.2% Moderate Tncome(MIT 81-95%MFI' %Cost Burdened>30% 10.9% 31.9% %Cost Burdened>50% 0% 3.1% Total MI Households 1,852 2,452 4,304 7.9% Ulmer Income(UT) 95%or more of MFI' %Cost Burdened>30% 0.2% 1.1% %Cost Burdened>50% 0% 0.6% Total UI Households 6,159 16,411 22,570 41.4% All Cost Burdened Households 12,872 7,075 19,947 36.6% Source: CHAS Table 1C, 1990 Census Data •MFI=Median Family Income Cost Burdened. The term"cost burdened" refers to households that are paying more than 30%of their adjusted gross income for housing(rent/mortgage payments)annually. Cost burden is a direct indicator of housing affordability. Table 18 illustrates the cost burdened renter and owner households in the City of San Bernardino. A cost burdened household has less income available for other needs such as food and clothing, as well as discretionary purchases. In addition, owner-occupied residents who are overpaying have less ability to pay for routine maintenance and repairs, thus accelerating the deterioration of the housing stock. Of the total households in San Bernardino, 36.6%are cost burdened. This includes 49.5%of the renter households and 24.9% of the owner households. Clearly, housing affordability is a major problem within San Bernardino. Suitability of Existing Units for Special Needs Populations. As special needs populations become a greater focus for cities around the nation, the ability to track their needs and develop targeted 69 programs for that population's improvement increases. From what the 1990 U.S. Census figures show, it appears that some 1,782 low income renter households and 677 low-income owner households are experiencing some type of housing problem unrelated to being cost-burdened. This could include units needing repairs, overcrowded units and units in need of alterations for handicapped access. These problems are all reported as pertaining to households at or below 80% of area median income. All 2,459 low-income households are likely eligible to participate in one of the City-designed rehabilitation programs or rental assistance programs. Households requiring physical improvements to their unit may improve their property for a low interest or deferred loan available through one of the City's housing rehabilitation programs. The City of San Bernardino makes every attempt to meet the needs of these groups through existing programs and has initiated a Neighborhood Spirit Program intended to meet the needs of all groups in current and future program development. A great deal of discussion was generated during the Consolidated Plan development process with the public and various focus groups regarding the "suitability" of the City's housing stock. While many persons indicated that a unit was"suitable" if it was"affordable," a like number described the types and design of units that would benefit certain populations. One group described a rental project with a child care facility/community room built into the complex as a suitable project for single-headed households. Along with that design feature,the need for the rent to be affordable to persons on AFDC, which pays roughly 18% of area median income to a household, was another stipulation. In an effort to move single-headed households up and out of this type of project, a job training component was also suggested as a requirement of residence in such a project. These were all ideas the public brought to the City as being more suitable types of housing for particular needs groups. It is important to note, while this and other projects were suggested, the recurring message from all groups was that affordability of housing is the major impediment for the City's households. Physically Disabled and Handicapped Households. Another group with special housing needs is the physically disabled population. Correctly serving this population requires housing design modifications and alternative solutions to housing accessibility. The City of San Bernardino makes funding available for various low-income special needs populations to modify their units as necessary to enable elderly and disabled persons to remain in their homes through City-sponsored rehabilitation programs. According to 1990 U. S. Census disability information,there are 12,091 persons aged 16 to 64 with a mobility or self-care limitation. This number includes all persons in this age range also prevented from working. Also, there are 6,455 persons aged 65 or older with a mobility or self care limitation residing within the City. However, from this data,there is little statistical ability to discern which of these self- disclosed disabled persons require (greater) access to affordable housing or other supportive housing services. The City must also ascertain the degree to which tuis portion of the population's housing needs are being met by existing City services. The City will need to enter into discussion with all relevant departments in order to determine how to survey this population adequately to gather data which will be pertinent and helpful in addressing any potential or existing shortfall of housing units or supportive services for this population. Clearly,handicapped residents need wider doorways,ramps,elevators for multiple story units,modified cabinets, plumbing, and lighting. These modifications are expensive and not usually found in older 70 units. The City requires that all new units constructed with public funds conform to the accessibility ODrequirement of the Uniform Building Code and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1992. Elderly Households. Households of elderly are a small portion of San Bernardino's total households. In 1990, census figures show 16,396 elderly households or 10.0% of the total number of households. Of these,73.5%own their homes and 26.5%rent them. Elderly households are more likely to own their home than the general San Bernardino population. Elderly households are frequently on fixed incomes and may not have the resources or stamina to repair their homes when problems arise. Elderly households clearly need access to programs which will assist in clearing up deferred maintenance problems and which may augment limited funds for required home repairs. It is expected that the elderly will constitute an even greater portion of the population by the year 2000. Therefore, proven, successful programs which assist in providing elderly residents with needed assistance should be well- crafted and operative in order to handle an increasing caseload in coming years. Cost burden is also a problem among the elderly,particularly for renters. Among the very low income senior renters, 72.6%are paying more than 30%of their incomes on housing. Among the low income senior renters, 55.0% are overpaying. For elderly homeowners, 55.8% of those with incomes under 30%of median and 27.9% of those with income from 31 to 50% of median are overpaying. Another 9.3% of the senior owners with incomes in the 51 to 80%range are overpaying. Elderly household members are more likely to be disabled and require housing accessibility modifications. They also need special security features and access to public transportation and medical services. Therefore, any newly constructed elderly housing should be strategically located so that access to these types of facilities is provided. Large Families.'The housing needs of large families within this community are problematic on two counts. First,there is a limited supply of rental units with 3 or more bedrooms in the City. There are 9,089 households having five or more members which require these rental units. As of the 1990 census, over 16%of all households in the City of San Bernardino require 3 or more bedrooms. According to the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino,a large family may have a Section 8 certificate, but be unable to locate an appropriate unit. As of December 1990,the Housing Authority had a waiting list of over 12,000 households county-wide that were seeking rental assistance. The waiting list has not been reopened to large family households since that time due to the excessive numbers still on the list for 3 or more bedroom units. Of all large renter households, a total of 2,622 households or 28,8%of all large related households, are paying more than 30%of the household's income for shelter. Of the low-income renter households, some 1,502 very-low income large households, or 16% of all large households, are paying more than 50% of their income for monthly rent. Certainly, some large related households are experiencing overcrowding if there are families with Section 8 certificates who cannot find units with an adequate number of bedrooms. There are a total of 2,615 lower income large family renter households which are cost-burdened and require rental assistance. Currently, 100 large related households in San Bernardino receive Section 8 rental assistance. Less than 4%of all large households 71 requiring rental assistance are able to obtain this assistance. will be augmenting this on-going need with a federally-funded HOME Program Tenant-Based The City g g g g Assistance Coupon available to provide rental assistance for a large family for up to two years beginning in FY 1994. Small Related Renter Households and Other Renter Households. Single parent headed households are disproportionately represented among the poor throughout the United States. This is reflected in San Bernardino's population as elsewhere. These households are likely to have special needs for safe housing near day care and recreation facilities with access to public transportation. Households with a female head are especially likely to need assistance because women continue to earn less on average than men. In 1990, 9,063 San Bernardino households were headed by single men or women representing 16.6% of the total households. All of these households include children. Of these households,5,721 or 22%of all renter households in the City are paying more than 30%of their income for rent. Those households supporting the greatest cost burden are 3,258 small related and other renter households or 12.5% of all renter households which pay 50% or more of their income for shelter each month. While there appear to be an adequate number of units for these populations in the bedroom type required for the household size,the cost burden is substantial for a significant portion of the population. Other Housing Problems Identified by All Households. Cost burden is by far the largest problem facing the renter household population. Nearly 50% of all renter households are excessively cost burdened; 27%report severe cost burden. Owner households report excess cost burden in 25% of all owner households and severe cost burden in 8.8% of all owner households. Other housing problems are reported by 11% of all renter households and by 6% of all owner households. In all households, the precise problem-- overcrowding versus unit inadequacy -- is not reported and difficult to ascertain. Further discussion on unit adequacy will be explored in the Five Year Strategy. Affordability and Availability of Public Housing. As of August 1993,the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino currently owns and manages 705 units and provides an additional 1,811 rental units through the Section 8 program. The authority currently has 2,305 households on the waiting list. The average rent paid for these units is $191. Public housing tenants pay 30%of their household income towards rent, therefore public housing tenants are not cost burdened. However, the large number of households on the waiting list indicates that there are not enough units available to meet demand. Impediments or Opportunities Created by the Market Many of the factors which tend to restrict housing supply cannot be controlled by local government, especially those that relate to the regional, national and international economy. Various factors not under the control of local government influence the cost, supply and distribution of housing. These 72 0 ruction costs, financing costs, and availability of land and land use factors include land costs, const controls. Construction Costs dent primarily on the cost of labor and materiaTeai relative f the The cost of construction is depen P ades has been toward improved efficiency in importanc e ce of each is a function of the complexity of the construction job and the es finished product. The trend over the last several a result,builders are under 1 because the construction of housing usually occurs through a bidding housing production, largely ob. A under possible while still providing a quality product. rocess in which the most reasonable r aslowarprice as porded e J d construction p complete a job for constant pressure to co and is still leading) to an emphasis on labor-saving materials an This pressure has led techniques. aterial and labor at any one time will reflect short-term considerations of However,the price paid form generally expect material prices to rise . and demand. In general,construction cost estimators g Y supply Future costs are difficult to predict given the cyclic economies. demand more than five percent per yew Fu 1 that are, in large part created by fluctuations in the state an national on housing demand and supply ote y he volatile nature of the lumber market can have a significant imp It should be noted that t costs. generally two to three times the cost of materials,esidential For the average home, the cost of labor is o component of the total cost ontractorss andtas a result, lt,labor costs therefore represents a very important comp arket. The relative ease by which a skilled tradesperson construction in San Bernardino County Is dornne with nonunion c 'se. are responsive to changes in the residential can get a contractor's license further moderates the pressures that force labor costs to n Land costs and Availability s another major impediment to production of affordable density si(both The cost and availability of lan d i and development variables, including land scarcity location,unique features, Land costs are influenced by many governmental land use regulately 7,469 acres of vacant single of which are indirectly controlled through g had a roximately 7, an d the availability of public utilities. In 1988,the�Cit land Therefore, scarcity of land is not a major family land and 1,028 acres of vacant multiple Y f constraint in the City. Bernard is not the impediment it was in the 1980's. Land costs The cost of residential land in San B al estate due to current economic conditions. According o f San Th are declining due to a decrease in demand for re area o • Element, vacant single family land in the verWitthothe most vacant residential to the City's Housing per acre. This is the area of the City for ranges from$50,000 to$60,000 p 1993 ricer for vacant single family residential landox ma ely land.The Housing Division states that p e from$40,000 to $80,000 per acre or app minimum lots of 7,200 square feet currently rang $10,000-20,000 per unit. 73 Financing Costs Financing costs, for the most part, are not subject to local influence. The control of interest rates is determined by national policies and economic conditions. Interest rates greatly influence the housing market for home buyers through the rates charged on home mortgages. Rent is also indirectly influenced by interest rates since most landlords borrow money in order to purchase the units and rental amounts are a reflection of the income needed for the landlord to recover their costs and make a profit. Age of Housing Stock The housing stock in San Bernardino is relatively new when compared with the nation's stock as a whole. This is generally true of Southern California's housing stock as industry grew most rapidly here in the post World War II era and even more significantly with the advent of service, computer and telecommunications industries growing, expanding and basing many plants and offices in California. The City of San Bernardino contains 12,705 housing units built prior to 1960, comprising 22% of the total housing stock. These housing units are those most likely to be in less that ideal condition since thirty years is a standard indication of when housing begins to need repair and rehabilitation. Map 3 at the end of this section presents the historical development pattern in the City of San Bernardino. This indicates the location of housing units by construction era. b. Assisted Housing Inventory 1. Public Housing The City of San Bernardino does not currently own any housing units. All public housing that is located in the City is owned and managed by the County of San Bernardino Housing Authority. The Housing Authority of San Bernardino County was created in 1941 to provide affordable housing opportunities for very-low income families of San Bernardino County. The Housing Authority currently owns and manages 702 units(of which none are currently vacant)that are located within the City of San Bernardino and provides an additional 1,811 rental units for low income families funded by the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program. The current philosophy of the Housing Authority is to build small clusters of units in order to allow for a greater diversity of incomes within neighborhoods. These single family units, sized for larger families,have been found to be more desirable to the families,the neighborhood and the community. Tenants in the Public Housing Program are required to pay rent based on thirty percent of their adjusted income. The difference between the tenant portion of the rent and the operating costs of maintaining the unit is paid by HUD in the form of an operating subsidy. 74 TABLE 28 ,. PUBLIC HOUSING ETHNIC POPULATION CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO,1993 GROUP NUMBER PERCENT White 85 12% Black 186 27% Native American 1 .001% Asian 132 19% Hispanic 270 40% Other 8 1% TOTAL 682 100% TABLE 29 1. PUBLIC HOUSING SIZE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, 1993 . NO.OF BEDROOMS NUMBER PERCENT I Bedroom 83 12% 2 Bedroom 295 43% 3 Bedroom 220 32% 4 Bedroom 65 10% 5 Bedroom 19 3% TOTAL 682 100% A review of records kept for Public Housing indicates a total allocation number of 705, with currently 2,305 households on the waiting list. Currently, there are 23 vacant units, for a vacancy rate of 3%. The average rent was $191. A further break down of the current total participation(682 households) is shown in the preceding tables. There are 110 elderly households (16% of the total) participating currently in the Public Housing program. Additionally, 264 households (39% of the total) are headed by females and 410 (60%) by males. No public housing units are expected to be removed from the inventory for any reason. At a minimum, all public housing units are inspected annually and must comply with Housing Quality Standards (HQS) or be brought into compliance. Therefore, all public housing units are in satisfactory condition. 75 2. Section 8 The Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program administered by the Housing Authority, provides financial assistance to low income families including Senior Citizens, disabled and handicapped individuals. The assistance is provided on a first-come, first-served basis, subject to the availability of funds. Applications for the program are accepted only during the open enrollment periods. There are currently 1,941 households on the waiting list and it is important to note that there has not been an open enrollment period since December of 1990 and the Housing Authority does not expect to re-open this list anytime in the near future. TABLE 30 SECTION 8 ETHNIC POPULATION,f, T CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, 1993 - GROUPING NUMBER PERCENT White 475 27% Black 736 43% American Indian 8 Asian 63 4% Hispanic 444 26% Other 4 TOTAL 1,730 t00% g TABLE 31 ;SECTION 8 HOUSING SIZE ." CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO;1993 Number of Bedrooms Participants Percent I Bedroom 437 25% 2 Bedroom 664 38% 3 Bedroom 529 31% 4 Bedroom 99 6% 5 Bedroom 0 TOTAL 1.730 100% The average rent in a Section 8 unit is $569.00 monthly (including utilities), further breakdown of the recorded information of participating households is shown in the preceding tables. There are 228 elderly households (13% of the total) currently participating in the Section 8 Program. Additionally, of the participants, 1,502 households (87% of the total) are headed by women, and 228 (13%) have male heads of household. At this time no units are expected to be removed from the inventory for any reason. 76 3. Other The City of San Bernardino has traditionally been aggressive in utilizing any and all types of resources to fund a wide variety of housing projects. A breakdown of these projects by housing type follows. 1. Low to Moderate Housing Fund. The City has pro-actively used the Redevelopment Agency low and moderate income housing fund to assist both single family and multiple family housing development Single Family. Under this Program, construction of new homes ranging from 1,200 to 1,800 square feet has been funded. A minimum of twenty percent of the homes within each project, however, must be "affordable" to buyers whose total annual household income does not exceed 120% of the published annual household income limits. These homes must then remain designated as "affordable" for no less than ten years. New construction housing projects include the following number of homes (a minimum of 20% must be affordable to those earning less than 120% of the annual median income): Osborne Collection at Northpark 45 units Osborne Collection, Phase H 72 units Emblem Development 59 units Project Home Run 7 units Falcon Ridge 16 units Young Homes 36 units Arrow Vista 50 units Habitat for Humanity 1 unit Yeoman and Associates 36 units Park Place Homes 77 units Pacific Star Development 10 unit TOTAL 409 units Multi-Family In response to an identified community housing "need", the City utilized the Low- Moderate Housing Fund to develop three senior citizen oriented housing complexes. One project is being constructed in partnership with the Housing Authority of San Bernardino, which provides a leverage to the City funds of fifty percent. The remaining two projects are being built cooperatively with local non-profit organizations. These;projects are: Ramona Senior Housing Complex 44 units Highland Lutheran Senior Project 50 units Arrowhead Woods 51 units TOTAL 145 units 77 As a result of these projects, the "need" for senior citizen oriented housing has now been adequately addressed. 2. Tax Exempt Bond Financing. Since 1980, this program has been used to assist with the financing of mortgages in the construction of multiple family units. To participate in this program, twenty percent of the total units constructed must be made available to low to moderate income families, and who will not pay more than thirty percent of their gross family household income towards rent. Multi-Family. Five multiple family projects have been financed through this program: i Total Units Low Income Units Shadow Ridge Apartments 328 49 Creekside Village Apartments 304 61 University Park Apartments 540 89 Royal Palms Apartments 216 42 Castle Park Apartments 508 111 TOTAL 1,896 352 As a result of the construction of these projects, as well as privately financed new apartment units, the City now has a surplus of multiple family units. Therefore, there is no longer an identified community "need" for additional multiple family construction. 3. Other. According to City staff, the City of San Bernardino does not contain any housing units constructed through Section 202, Section 811, Section 221 (d)(3) or Section 236 programs. CHAS Table 1B - Market and Inventory Conditions 78 unite or uoLl r'°""..y ono ueveapmenc vlarket&inventory Conditions Comprehensns using Affordability Strategy(CH. AS. ) Instructfons f ai Jurisdictions _ Name of Jurisdiction: Check One: 15 Year Period (enter fiscal yrs.) _1990 Census I of San Bernardino _Other Source:(specify) I F'; I through FY: t " y _Data as of: (enter date) I 1994 I 1998 Housing Stock Inventory I I I I I 3 or more Total I Vacancy Rate 1 0 and 1 bedroom ( 2 bedrooms I or 1 Category I (A) I (B) I (c) 58,804 •......••...... 14,085 1 21,825 1 23,094 1 1. Total Yaar-Round Housing i I ......* I I 54,482 1•••••".•.•"'• I 12,768 ( 19,808 1 22,106 • i 2.Total Occupied Units I 1............... I I I I 26,014 1'••'•'•"""" 1 10,471 1 10,860 1 4,883 3.Renter I 1....•.......... I I i I 28,468 1.......*....... I 2,297 I 8,748 1 17,423 i d:Owner I I.•............. I I I I I 4,322 I............... I 1,317 1 2,017 1 988 1 5.Total Vacant Units 1............... I I I I I I I I I 2,407 j 8.47% 1 1,020 I 1,081 j 306 j S.For Rent � 1 I I I i I I I 315 �.For Sale 1 609 j 2.09% j 29 i 265 i I I I I i I 306, 1 1.............•• i 288 1 6711 387 I- E-Other I 10.............. I 1 I B.Substandard Units I I %Suitable for 1 • I % Substandard I Rehablitadon 1 Category i (A) I (B) 1.All Renter i 80% 1 85% I I I I i All Owner 1 80% 1 6556 1 I I I ( I 3 or more C.PubLc Housing total 1 - Vacancy Rate 1 0 and 1 bedroom I 2 bedrooms 1 bedrooms 1 Category I (A) i (B) i (C) (D) (E) i 3041 I6821............... I 83I 2951 I 1.Total I 1............... I 1 I 1 I I _ I 2 Vacant i 1 1............•.. ................ ................ i RRehabilitation I d Hard Costs—Physical Improvements: I Grand Total PHA Needs: I 1 Estimate I I Needs: I Rent Affordable 1 JD.Aw>� Applicable FMRs i at 30%of 50% MR 1 Unit Sao I (A) i �) 1 326 i � D Bedrooms I 4111 I I 1 I I 1 Bedroom j 4991 3731 I 587 1 420 1 2 Bedrooms i ( 1 734 1 485 1 3 Bedrooms ( 1 HUD 40090-A(1193) c1123W1S5TABLE1A.wk1 79 c. Inventory of Facilities and Services for the Homeless and Persons Threatened with Homelessness The total number of homeless within the City of San Bernardino is estimated by the 1990 Census to be 512. However, local service providers suggest that a number between 2,000 and 4,000 is far more representative. The General Plan estimates the total number to be about 3,000. Based on discussions with local service providers, City staff estimate that the homeless population ranges from 1,000 to 1,750 persons within the City. These numbers do not include the large number of homeless who for personal reasons do not seek assistance. It is extremely difficult to obtain an accurate homeless population count due to the transient nature of this group and their reluctance to be counted. There is general agreement among all sources that the numbers of homeless has grown significantly due to the current economy and that the greatest increase has been among women with children. The Department of Social Services (DPSS) of the County of San Bernardino reports two categories of assistance in the Aid to Families with Dependant Children(AFDC) Homeless Assistance Program in the City of San Bernardino Area. The categories are 1) Temporary, which indicates motel assistance; and 2) Permanent, indicating relocation to an apartment or house. The statistics from a typical three month period -May through July 1991 - indicate that 393 persons were given temporary housing and 1,773 were given permanent housing. DPSS serves only those families who receive AFDC. There are many families who do not qualify or are unable to seek such assistance. The mentally ill are predominant among those not receiving AFDC. It is estimated that there are approximately 1,000 seriously mentally ill homeless persons in the City of San Bernardino. Ninety percent of these are between the ages of 18 and 60. There are three emergency shelters in the City which have contracts with the Department of Mental Health to house homeless mentally ill persons. The Mental Health Homeless Program issued a total of 609 vouchers during 1991 for emergency shelter. The City of San Bernardino has a broad range of services and facilities to assist the homeless. However, efforts have now begun to evaluate the depth of these services and the objectives of various components of the services provided. While the City would like to assist all homeless persons, there is recognition that approximately ten to thirty percent of this group have withdrawn from society and may no longer seek assistance. The City views facilities and services for the homeless as individual components of an integrated system, whose primary goal is not only respond to individual basic needs but also to provide progressive stages of assistance'which will enable homeless persons to move from a dependant to an independent lifestyle. The three components identified by the City are: • At Risk This component identifies those renters and homeowners who have realized a substantial 80 loss or reduction in income that has placed them in the status of eminent homelessness; component includes all persons who no longer have a stable or reliable residence; • Homeless This p p g • Permanent This component represents formerly homeless or at risk persons who have transitioned from homelessness back into society and have become self sufficient and independent. This status represents the goal of the program, a person who has stabilized and no longer requires assistance. TABLE 32 1-FACILITJ<ES AND SERVICES FOR THE HOMELESS AND THOSE AT RISK OF a HOMELESSNESS $ ., CITY OF SAN BERNARDIN O Type of Facility Number of Facilities Soup Kitchen 6 Drop-in Kitchen 2 Emergency Shelter 7 Temporary Shelter/Housing 2 Transitional Housing 2 Permanent Housing for Persons with Disabilities* 30 *The figure noted represents the number of households to be assisted annually through the Aftercare program. Temu�rary / Transitional Housing._ As seen in the table above, the current focus for assistance is on the immediate needs of the homeless. According to the City's last Quarterly Report on Homelessness (June 1992) there were a total of 286 beds available for emergency shelter (3 to 7 days). The number of beds available today is 239. This total includes 92 beds for families left homeless due to domestic violence. The City assists the following Shelters through allocations of Community Development Block Grant funding and the Emergency Shelter Grant Program: f, 81 TABLE 33 Salvation Army Shelter 107 beds Option House 27 beds House of Ruth 65 beds Frazee Community Center 37 beds TOTAL NUMBER OF BEDS' 239 beds Although the number of emergency beds has decreased recently, the City now has 34 transitional beds with attendant case management services. It should be noted that the definition and source of funding for food and lodging vouchers is not uniform throughout the provider community, and therefore these numbers must be considered approximate. Rent/Deposit Program. In Fiscal Year 1991-92 the City allocated funds to begin a program to intervene and prevent homelessness and to assist households in maintaining or securing decent, safe and sanitary rental housing. This program has been re-funded for Fiscal Year 1993/1994. Eligibility in the program requires that the client experience an uncompensated loss of income or an increase in expenses and be capable of resuming the payment of housing costs after the period of assistance has ended. Mobile Home Rent Subsidy Program. The City allocates monies each year specifically to assist with increased space rental costs in Mobile Home Parks. Emergency Shelter Grant Program. These Federal funds are allocated to local providers to assist homeless individuals and families with support services, shelter and homeless prevention programs. Homeless Shelter Utilities Payment Program, This Program provides local funds to Homeless Shelters to cover facility operating costs, including electricity, gas and water. Victims of Domestic Violence Program. The City is currently allocating Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds to provide victims of domestic violence with shelter and services and to assist other emergency providers of this service. 82 Other. The City is currently using CDBG monies to fund several public services which have a component to assist the homeless. d. Inventory of Supportive Housing for Non-Homeless Persons with Special Needs In addition to those services detailed above, there are several agencies in San Bernardino which provide services to non-homeless persons with special needs. Elderly and Frail Elderly. There are 19 facilities in the City of San Bernardino which provide housing for the elderly. These residential facilities can house from 3 to 240 persons and have a total capacity of 345 persons. A list of these facilities is attached in the Appendix. Persons with Physical and Mental Disabilities._ The Awareness for Community Development Organization (ACDO) provides a full service room and board facility for the mentally ill. The San Bernardino County Department of Mental Health provides screening and referral, case management and counseling and vocational services for the mentally ill. The San Bernardino Mental Health Association operates a day center which provides a variety of services including a socialization program, independent skills, academic skills,job finding and others. In addition, there are 19 homes for the mentally disabled and 38 homes for the developmentally disabled located in the City of San Bernardino. These homes can accommodate from 1 to 15 persons, with a total capacity of 347 persons. A detailed list of these facilities is attached in the appendix. Alcohol and Dyg Abuse. Casa de Ayuda provides long term residential drug treatment to women ages 18-65. New House, Inc., provides a residential alcohol recovery program for men and women based upon the 12-Step Alcoholics Anonymous guidelines. The Veteran's Alcohol Recovery Program, Inc., provides a social model residential alcohol recovery program for men and women (both veterans and non-veterans). Victory Outreach provides a residential treatment and recovery program for men and women, ages 19-55, with alcohol and/or drug abuse problems. Other organizations located in San Bernardino which address alcohol and drug abuse issues are the Alana Social Club, Mothers Against Drunk Driving and the San Bernardino County Alcohol and Drug Abuse Program. AIDS/HIV, The San Bernardino County Public Health Department currently provides AIDS information and testing. The Inland AIDS Project also provides advocacy and referral services. Domestic Violence. The Option House, Inc., provides a shelter service, educational training, outreach support groups, legal advocacy and referral services for women and children victimized by domestic violence. Other organizations which address issues of domestic violence in San Bernardino include Adult Protective Services, the Child Protection Hotline, House of Ruth, and the Family Service Agency of San Bernardino. 83 . 0 3. Available Resources This section of the Housing and Market Analysis describes all available resources for housing and non- housing (i.e., public facilities and improvements, disposition of property, privately owned utilities, clearance, public services, interim assistance,relocation, loss of rental income, removal of architectural barriers, commercial rehabilitation etc.) Federal Programs, Non-Federal Public Programs (state and local), and Private resources (for-profit and non-profit). There will be a short description of each program resource, the City's experience with the program and an evaluation of each program's advantages and disadvantages in achieving affordable and supportive housing goals. Given recent developments at the Federal and State levels in the authorization and funding of housing programs, it is difficult, if not impossible, to project what public resources will be available over the next five years. Budget constraints at all levels of government have further complicated the"resources" question. a. Federal Programs The Federal government has a number of programs that are available for use in San Bernardino. These programs may be used for acquisition, rehabilitation, homebuyer assistance, rental assistance, new construction, homeless assistance, homeless prevention sand non-housing activities. The programs available under each of these categories are discussed below. HOME Program. The HOME Program is a flexible grant program which provides formula and competitive grants to participating jurisdictions (PJs) and community housing development organizations(CHDOs)allowing these entities to determine, within program regulations,the best use of these funds. All HOME funds are to assist households at 80% of area median income and below. These funds may be used to acquire vacant land or existing structures for affordable and supportive housing activities and provide first-time homebuyers assistance and rental assistance. It is one of the largest sources of federal housing funds available to the City. However, there are many regulatory requirements attached to proper use of these funds, which may impede expeditious project implementation in some instances. For instance, with acquisition and new construction activities, a 30% non-federal match is required. The City plans to use HOME funds to provide a rental rehabilitation program. Community Development Block Grant(CDBG)Program. The CDBG Program is the largest federal formula grant allocation program which targets funds for the benefit of low and moderate income persons,the eradication of slum and blight and for urgent revitalization/economic development needs within the City. These funds may be used for acquisition of vacant land or existing structures to provide community facilities, housing or economic development-related improvements throughout San Bernardino. These funds have been used for nearly many years in the City and have provided a wide 84 range of benefits regarding affordable housing and supportive services to populations in greatest need. San Bernardino intends to continue to use CDBG funds to operate the Neighborhood Spirit Property Improvement Program, the Deferred Loan program, the Mobile Home Seismic Retrofit Program and the Demolition Program. Community Development Block Grant Section 108 Loan Guarantees. The Section 108 Program allows San Bernardino to use their CDBG funds to guarantee loans/notes for development projects. This program is a subset of the CDBG entitlement program discussed above. Real property acquisition may occur and CDBG rules apply. The City pledges current and future CDBG funds as principal security for the loan guarantee. The City has provided Section 108 loans for the Wes tsidePlaza Shopping Center and the Harris Department Store acquisition. In addition, an 101 grant is being used to supplement the Section 108 loan. Lead Based Paint Abatement Program. This grant program makes funds available to develop cost- effective community lead-based paint abatement strategies. The funds awarded may be used for rehabilitation,planning and program operating costs. Awards are based on a five-point rating system. Criteria are strategy, capacity, readiness, resources that will be committed, and the local community. Award funds must be matched by other sources. States and local governments with populations of more than 50,000 are eligible. In FY 92, 10 awards were made. This is a new program to which the City would like to apply. Supportive Housing Program. This is a competitive grant program to which the City,non-profits and community mental health associations may apply for funds to promote the development of supportive housing and services. Grants are made for operating costs up to 75% for the first two years and 50% for the next three years. Recipients must match funds requested for acquisition and rehabilitation activities with an equal amount from other non-federal sources. (This program was created by the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 and replaces the Supportive Housing Demonstration Program,the Transitional Housing Demonstration Program and the Permanent Housing Handicapped Homeless Program.) This is a new program which has a limited fund availability and has yet to provide notice of fund availability. HOPE 3 (Homeownership Opportunities for People Everywhere)Program. The HOPE 3 Program provides a city, in conjunction with a non-profit applicant, financial assistance for first-time, low- income homebuyers through an annual competitive grant process. Program Planning and Implementation Grants have been available in the past. A city and non-profit compete for awards in regional pools. The maximum grant amount is $3 million for implementation grants and$100,000 for planning grants. Acquisition is an eligible activity when rehabilitation of the structure will occur. The City may only participate in the competition if applying with a non-profit entity. However, if the city has a known pocket of available properties and a capable non-profit partner, an implementation grant award would quickly and visibly impact a targeted neighborhood. 85 Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation Program for Single Room Occupancy. These federal funds provide rental assistance on behalf of homeless individuals in connection with the moderate rehabilitation of SRO dwellings. Public Housing Authorities (HA's) and private non-profit organizations may apply for these funds. Resources to fund the cost of rehabilitating the dwellings must be from other sources. These funds can be used for monthly rental assistance, operating expenses and debt service for the rehabilitation financing. Units must need a minimum of $3,000 in eligible rehabilitation to qualify. The funds available annually for this program average $100 million. The average award is $350,000. Section 8 Rental Certificates Program. HA's administering this program provide rental assistance payments to private owners who lease their units to eligible very-low income families. A PHA may choose to use 15% of this rental assistance to implement a project-based certificate program. This means that assistance is based on the unit in which a tenant resides. The rental assistance stays with the unit should the tenant decide to move to a different unit. Once a household enters a unit with this assistance or obtains this certificate assistance, they may receive this assistance for up to 15 years if their household's very-low income status does not change. San Bernardino plans to assist 1,300 families annually with Section 8 Rental Certificates. Section 8 Rental Voucher Program. HA's administering this program provide rental assistance payments to private owners who lease their units to eligible very-low income families. This rental assistance is tenant-based assistance rather than project-based. This means that a tenant may take their assistance and rent any unit within the City which meets Section 8 housing quality standards and meets that household's family size requirements. The tenant must pay 30% of their household income; the HA pays for the difference between the tenant's payment and the unit's fair market rent to the landlord. If the tenant wishes to move to different unit, the rental assistance goes with the tenant to their next location; the rental assistance does not remain with the unit. Once a household obtains this voucher assistance, they may receive this assistance for up to 15 years if their household's very-low income status does not change. The City of San Bernardino plans to assist 320 families per year with Section 8 Rental Vouchers. Supportive Housing for the Elderly(Section 202)Program. In order receive a Section 202 award,the City would apply for a Section 202 reservation to the Los Angeles HUD Field Office in response to the Department's published invitation. A private,non-profit or consumer cooperative may apply (not the city). Project rental assistance covers only the difference between the HUD-approved cost per unit and the amount the resident pays (30%of their income). Capital advances can be provided to private,non- profit applicants to finance elderly housing that also offers supportive services. The non-interest bearing advances are based on development cost limits published periodically in the Federal Register. Advances may be used for acquisition of vacant land or an existing structure for elderly housing. Emergency Shelter Grants Program. These grants improve the quality of existing emergency shelters and increase the number of developing shelters for the homeless. Program funds are awarded to 86 formula grantee cities in proportion to their previous year's CDBG allocation. San Bernardino may distribute part of all funds to non-profit subrecipients to carry out these activities. Funds can be used for renovation, conversion of buildings, rehabilitation,essential social services and operating costs, but not staff payroll. The average annual grant to a formula city is $190,000. The City of San Bernardino expects an allocation of$40,000 to assist in providing emergency shelter and supportive services to approximately 3,000 homeless persons. Shelter Plus Care. This is a grant program for rental assistance offered with supportive services to homeless with disabilities. These are competitive grant funds awarded in a nationwide competition annually. Support services must match rental assistance and must be provided by other funding sources. Surplus Housing for Use to Assist the Homeless. In this program,rent-free,suitable Federal properties are leased to homeless organizations. These organizations must pay operating and any rehabilitation and/or renovation costs. Homeless organizations are the only entities eligible for this assistance. HUD publishes a weekly notice in the Federal Register of property determinations and availability. Homeless organizations notify the Department of Health and Human Services(HHS)of the intention to apply for a property within 60 days of the Federal Register notice. Applicants have 90 days after an expression of interest to submit an application. Notification of award of lease is within 25 days. A homeless organization based in Riverside recently applied to the Federal government to use a portion of the facilities being vacated by Norton Air Force Base. At this time it is not known whether this application will be approved or the scope of the services that will be offered. Supplemental Assistance for Facilities to Assist the Homeless (SARAII). This is a nationwide competitive grant program for innovative homeless programs. Nearly any type of governmental, private or non-profit entity may apply. Highest priority in competition is given to comprehensive programs fostering independence for homeless persons. Safe Havens Demonstration Program. These competitive grants provide very-low income housing for homeless persons with serious mental illnesses. The city or non-profit organizations may apply for funds as notices of fund availability are published. Funds awarded may be used for acquisition activities and must be equally matched by other sources. Total assistance granted may not exceed $400,000 in any five year period. This makes application to the program less attractive as most entities providing these types of services require on-going financial assistance. Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS Program (HOP.WA). There are two types of grants-- entitlement and competitive-- for housing assistance and supportive services for low-income persons with AIDS or related diseases and their families. Funds may be used acquisition activities. San Bernardino was not one of the 28 cities,nationally,to receive a formula allocation in FY 93. The city may apply and will be considered for award based on staff capacity,the city's need for a project award, the appropriateness of the proposed housing and supportive services and the extent to which other 87 public and private resources are leveraged. This is a new program; the competitive program has very limited fund availability. b. Non-Federal Public Programs 1. State Programs. There are two State agencies which provide resources which can help the City properly fund affordable housing programs,the California Housing Finance Agency (CHFA) and the California Department of Housing and Community Development(HCD). The CHFA provides debt financing for rental and homeowner housing. Most of its financing is provided by the issuance of tax-exempt bonds. These bond issuances are not typically designed solely for low income households. However, made with bond proceeds, loans are subject to the federal and state requirement that at least 20%of the units be rented to very low income persons or 40%of the units be rented to persons with incomes below 60% of median income. Mortgage Credit Certificates. The State offers mortgage credit certificates through an annual application process which provides a federal tax credit for moderate income homebuyers who have not owned a home in the past three years. CHFA financing for rental housing often can be combined with the Federal low income tax credits (which are allocated by the State) in order to help facilitate the development of projects that can benefit low income renter households. Financing assistance to low and moderate income homeowners can also be provided by the CHFA. The other State agency,the Department of Housing and Community Development(HCD),focusses less upon debt financing and more upon the subsidy requirements necessary for the promotion of low and moderate housing. The particular programs available from HCD tend to change over time depending upon the needs within the State and the voter passed propositions that have been approved. The City will continue to assess whether any of the HCD programs and resources can be effectively utilized over the next five years to supplement federal and local resources. The State of California maintains a Low Income Housing Tax Credit program which is similar to the Federal program. The City will encourage private and nonprofit developers to fully use this resource in the future. 2. Local Programs ' Redevelopment Set-Aside Funds. Twenty percent of all redevelopment funds are made available for housing in the City of San Bernardino. These funds are extremely flexible and provide the City with an ideal source of match for federal programs requiring such. The redevelopment funds come from tax 88 increments collected annually from designated redevelopment areas. Twenty percent of these funds are "set-aside" specifically for housing activities. Rehabilitation Activities. As discussed above,these local funds are used for many various activities in the City. The rehabilitation of housing units to improve neighborhoods throughout the City is one of the main strategies the City employs in its Improvement Plan. Loans and grants are made with these funds to eligible homeowners and investor-owners to improve owner-occupied and rental units in designated "focus" neighborhoods throughout the City. The City is currently using redevelopment set- aside funds in the Neighborhood Spirit Property Improvement Program. This program includes exterior paint, exterior improvements and HOME Improvement loans. These programs apply to both single family (city-wide and in selected "focus" neighborhoods) and multi-family housing. The City also contributes to "image" enhancement programs through City-wide Graffiti Removal and neighborhood clean-up in selected "focus neighborhoods. The "focus" neighborhood program concentrates programs,projects, activities and resources within a target area and utilizes interdepartmental cooperation and networking with social service providers and neighborhood residents to change the economics of the "focus" neighborhood so that it requires only normal city services. Homebuyer Assistance Activities. The City is currently using these funds for three programs to assist low income first time homebuyers. The City is assisting the non-profit organization, Habitat for Humanity, through acquisition of vacant parcels to build quality new homes. The City has also started a first time homebuyer program which provides down payment and closing cost assistance to low income first time homebuyers. Finally,the City is providing funds to a non-profit entity which provides financial counseling and support services to low income households embarking on the purchase of a home. Rental Assistance Activities. These funds are also used to provide rental assistance to very-low and low income households through the Rent/Deposit Guarantee Program, the Mobile Home Space Rent Subsidy Program and the Tenant Based Assistance (TBA) Program. New Construction Activities. San Bernardino uses redevelopment monies to finance the development and construction of high quality new housing. These projects include single family detached tract development and the Infill Housing Development Program. Homeless Prevention Activities. The City of San Bernardino is committed to assisting the homeless population through a variety of programs funded by redevelopment set-aside moneys. These include a rent/deposit guarantee program,transitional housing programs,the Senior Assistance-Mobile Home Rent subsidies,Mobile Home Inspections and utility assistance. The City is also an active participant in the county-wide Homeless Coalition. 89 - c. Private Resources 1. For-Profit The City of San Bernardino will encourage private lenders to provide either interest-subsidized or low interest loans so that willing developers can provide ill housing in redevelopable areas. Investor- owners of multifamily housing units contribute a substantial portion of funding used to rehabilitate these units. 2. Non-profit. Non-profit organizations receive tax deductible contributions, grants, and nominal user fees for their on-going affordable housing and supportive services activities. In addition, as noted earlier, the non- profit organization Habitat for Humanity is active in San Bernardino in assisting low income families with home ownership. 90 VI. STRATEGIC PLAN N O v LO o O o F M w •y ^ o C O .�.. � O L Z M�M G! W t. C t` N 0 M y a� N w O v m W N Z Q O A LO co LO CD 0) Q) N N O to LO CD_ C M M QC ^ O. N d O 0 c d U a0i n c 7 O >Z U N O m o O o v G. co .0 Z7 N ►d. r M �- W) coa Odw O F O 0 L- O in U.) -t O 9 = 0 co N t- LO •- M- to O G O p O Z = Ua C Q N N d Q =m O N W O O O L)U d H ~ N r r o I a CL 4 O O 0 c0 co r r N N }" O R 2 O w d co N d N 1c, d Q Z �^ (n a> > 2 O c _ (D 0 Z = O E E N L ^ .-. d O co = m o a� .t N v rn j U. C O c + N Z t/1 O N fl. C to ,E cm �cc M C = N Q � c9 tt) p L N N co O O O .3 N 0 O O O cn a O O O 12 N cwt? H C 2 p O Q C C Q N U) U O O +.' O T d = y w y O O N d t w y_ C �► + Q > tC CL 0 3 p p rn ti coo ° a O 0 S N O d v N Q N N O O c09 N d E L (n C4 0�E Z z ¢ r. E N Q Q Q to p IL LL cNi vi v a = cq cri ui Priority Needs Summary Table Priority Need Level ESTIMATED ESTIMATED PRIORITY HOUSING NEEDS High, Medium, Low, No Such Need UNITS DOLLARS NEEDED TO ADDRESS (households) 0-30% 31-50% 51-80% Cost Burden>'3 M M L 2,238 20,463,360 Cost Burden> M M M 1,175 10,293,000 50% Small Physical Defects H H M 884 5,991,840 Overcrowded M M ' M 1,946 17,046,960 Cost Burden>30% M M L 1,720 15,067,200 Cost Burden>50% M M L 664 5,816,640 Renter Large Physical Defects H H M 523 4,660,320 Overcrowded M M M 1,487 13,026,120 Cost Burden>30% M M L 909 7,962,840 Cost Burden>50% M M L 489 4,263,640 Elderly Physical Defects H H M 211 1,848,360 Overcrowded L `: L L 601 5,264,780 Cost Burden>30% L L '; L 2,298 20,130,480 Cost Burden>50% L L L 1,238 10,844,880 Owner Physical Defects H I H M 825 7,227,000 Overcrowded L L L 1,583 13,867,080 Priority Need Level ESTIMATED PRIORITY HOMELESS NEEDS High, Medium, Low, No such need DOLLARS ADDRESSED Outreach Assessment Families Individuals Persons w/Special Needs 100,000 H H M Emergency Shelters Families Individuals Persons w/Special Needs 250,000 H H M Transitional Shelters Families Individuals Persons w/Special Needs 1,250,000 H H M Permanent Supportive Housing Families Individuals Persons w/Special Needs 1,250,000 H M M Families Individuals Persons w/Special Needs 650,000 Permanent Housing H H H PRIORITY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Priority Need Level ESTIMATED High, Medium, Low, No Such Need DOLLARS NEEDED NEEDS TO ADDRESS PUBLIC FACILITY NEEDS Senior Centers Youth Centers Neighborhood Facilities H 500,000 Child Care Centers Parks and/or Recreation Facilities H 2,000,000 Health Facilities H 1,000,000 Parking Facilities Other Public Facilities H 1,000,000 INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT Solid Waste Disposal Improvements Flood Drain Improvements Water Improvements Street Improvements H 20,000,000 Sidewalk Improvements Sewer Improvements H 9,000,000 Asbestos Removal Other Infrastructure Improvement Needs H 3,000,000 PUBLIC SERVICE NEEDS Senior Services H 1,000,000 Handicapped Services H 500,000 Youth Services H 500,000 Transportation Services J Substance Abuse Services H 1,000,000 Employment Training H 3,000,000 Crime Awareness H 500,000 Fair Housing Counseling H 100,000 Tenant/Landlord Counseling H 100,000 Child Care Services H 300,000 Health Services H 1,000,000 PRIORITY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Priority Need Level ESTIMATED High, Medium, Low, No Such Need DOLLARS NEEDED NEEDS TO ADDRESS Other Public Service Needs H 500,000 ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS Accessibility Needs H 2,000,000 HISTORIC PRESERVATION NEEDS Residential Historic Preservation Needs M 200,000 Non-Residential Historic Preservation Needs M 200,000 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS Commercial-Industrial Rehabilitation H 1,000,000 Commercial-Industrial Infrastructure M 1,000,000 Other Commercial-Industrial Improvements H 1,000,000 Micro-Business H 500,000 Other Businesses H 500,000 Technical Assistance H 2,000,000 Other Economic Development Needs OTHER COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS Energy Efficiency Improvements M 200,000 Lead Based Paint/Hazards M 300,000 Code Enforcement H 3,600,000 PLANNING Planning TOTAL ESTIMATED DOLLARS NEEDED TO ADDRESS: $224,774,500 Aw- U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development CPD Consolidated Plan Support of Applications by Other Entities Report Support Application Funding Source by Other Entities? A. Formula/Entitlement Programs ESG Y Public Housing Comprehensive Grant Y B. Competitive Programs HOPE 1 Y HOPE 2 Y HOPE 3 Y ESG Y Supportive Housing Y HOPWA Y Safe Havens Y Rural Homeless Housing Y Sec.202 Elderly Y Sec.811 Handicapped Y Moderate Rehab SRO Y Rental Vouchers Y Rental Certificates Y Public Housing Development Y Public Housing MROP Y Public Housing CIAP Y UHTC Y VI. STRATEGIC PLAN A. Introduction In the Housing and Market Analysis section of this Consolidated Plan,pertinent characteristics of the City and its residents were described and the City's primary housing needs and non-housing needs were identified. As a part of the federal application process for the CDBG and HOME Programs, the City of San Bernardino is required to produce a single, 5 year, strategic plan that brings needs and resources together in a coordinated housing and community development strategy. The strategy must be developed to achieve the following statutory goals, principally for low-, very low-, and extremely low-income residents: ■ provide decent housing, ■ create suitable living environments, and ■ expand economic opportunities In compliance with federal regulations, the City's 5 year Strategic Plan has been developed in accordance with the following statutory goals: ■ Elimination of slums and blight, elimination of conditions that are detrimental to health, safety and public welfare, conservation and expansion of the nation's housing stock, expansion and improvement of the quantity and quality of community services, better utilization of land and other natural resources, reduction of the isolation of income groups within communities and geographical areas, restoration and preservation of properties of special value, alleviation of physical and economic distress, and conservation of the nation's scarce energy resources. The mission of the City of San Bernardino Development Department, Housing Division, is "To actively maintain,improve and develop quality neighborhoods and housing opportunities throughout the City of San Bernardino., The definition of this mission indicates a strong desire on the part of the City to respect the right that every citizen have safe,decent and sanitary shelter. To address the primary need of housing and to meet their goals,the City has identified 5 priorities to aggressively pursue on a policy and program basis over the next five years.-These priorities reflect the policies and programs which will best meet the needs within the City as described in the Needs Assessment portion of the Consolidated Plan. Priority Analysis and Strategy Development: With almost on hundred and forty years of development as a foundation,the City of San Bernardino is now fortunate to have a diversity of housing stock with which to meet the needs of all incomes. Almost sixty-one percent of these homes are single family (attached and detached) with 32% multiple-family units and 7.5% mobile homes. The City has established a history of proactively 91 0 this approach and the assistance of federal funds. The priorities and programs have been developed based upon; 1) Successful programs set forth in the FY 1992 CHAS; 2) Information contained in other City of San Bernardino reports regarding affordable housing needs and programs, and; 3) Discussions with public sector and private sector groups and individuals. Successfully accomplishing the priorities set forward over the next five years is an ambitious objective that will challenge the constituents of all sectors of the community. Moreover, the collective ability to meet these objectives will depend not only upon the effective implementation of"programs", but primarily upon access to sufficient Federal, State, local, and private resources and funding. The City of San Bernardino has many important and often competing housing "needs" that any community must attempt to address. In order to remain focused and assure effective and successful management in meeting these identified housing "needs" within San Bernardino, the number of CHAS priorities have been limited. The five high priority "needs" in San Bernardino and the specific programs and five year goals for successfully meeting these priority "needs" are: ......:....>......... : : :>::::. :::::::.::>:::::::: Przortty #1 Preservation and Rehabilitation of the "Affordable" iousmg. Stool Tamil Uzuts far Large Fa???:..:::::.....;:..:.;:.,.;:;;;;,.;>;:::.::::;;;:;;;:::;::.:;::.:�.::<::.;;;:.;::.:;:.;:.;:.;:.:>;:::.;;;:.;:.;::.;;;;;;.: Priori #Z Assist Lnw Ii1CQme First Tune Homebuyers with the Purchase o :...: ' m ous 'ecrt.�-I `erman :<:; ....... h<:priori #3.-..:Provfde Rental.Assistance tar fiery Law Income Households >;:: : :::::.......:.::::.::. ortiv . eIY1C , i h::Prtarz #4.:: Assist Hoznel `and S cial Needs Persons with uPP H ::::::::::......::..::::..............:.::::::::::::::::::.:.:Pe.... :::.:.......::.::...::::::::.:::::::::::::.:.:.........::.;;:::::::.:::::.::::::.:.:....:.:::.;:.;;:.;;::.;:.: :::::.............. 0 gram ......... :Prian. #S Ex anszan of"A$ordable"Housing C3pPortunihes fvr Low g Income Lare ................. .... «: Parri�lies Prtmaril .;t�irou h ew Con __ _ _. :`;: Within the discussion of each priority, an analysis and strategy development will be presented. In addition, the Consolidated Plan contains one year and five year objectives for each priority. 92 Prior► #1, Preservahoa and Rehabil3taf�vn> of the "A#Tord'able" Hvus�ng Sfvck Em las�ztn° .S►ri le Fam,i IInits:;:::::>: i. Anal sis Throughout the City, preservation and rehabilitation of the existing housing stock is the number one priority for the City of San Bernardino. First, replacement of existing units is costly and very time consuming. Generally, if the City is able to provide pro-active code enforcement and utilize available financial resources to improve existing multiple family apartment units, maintaining the supply of decent, safe, and affordable units will be more manageable and will also allow for the development of additional units, for all income levels. As we examined the population in the Community Profile, housing needs are highly concentrated among very low-and low-income renter households, while most moderate and upper income renter and owner households live in affordable and adequate housing. To illustrate, Table 34 reports the share of households--owners and renters--with any housing problem (affordability, overcrowding, or physical inadequacy)by income group for the City. .........:...:::::::....... A�It Income Grou Renters Owners < 30% of Median 88% 82% 31% - 50% of Median 85% 72% 51% - 80% of Median 67% 39% 81% - 95% of Median 30% 35% Source: 1990 U. S. Census, CHAS Table 1C. ::11 Among renters, the incidence of problems is consistently high across all low-income groups cited. The incidence of housing problems among homeowners exceeds 70% among very low income groups, dropping to just over one-third of the low and moderate income groups. For both renters and owners,the overwhelming problem is cost burden, as discussed in the Community Profile. The data on cost burden showed that 37% of all households in San Bernardino are cost burdened, that is paying more than 30% of their incomes on housing. Cost burden affects 50% of the renter households and 25% of the owner households. The data showed that there is a much greater need among very low and low income households than among moderate income households, although there is an apparent need in that group as well. 93 . A cost burdened household has less income available for other needs such as food, clothing and health care as well as discretionary purchases. Cost-burdened renter households frequently have few options since, even if they could find less expensive housing, they often lack the resources for rent and security deposit to secure a different housing unit, as well as to pay other moving expenses. Cost-burdened owner-households tend to defer maintenance and repair which accelerates the deterioration of the housing unit. Cost burden for very low-, low-and moderate-income owner households can make it very difficult to obtain any additional financial assistance from conventional banking institutions. If a household has a high debt-to-equity ratio or a high debt-to-income ratio and needs additional funds to make emergency or routine repairs to their existing home, conventional lenders may not award the loan due to their strict underwriting criteria. Generally, lending institutions will not loan in excess of 80% of the homes value or if housing debt exceeds 28%o of income and total debt (automobiles, credit cards, etc.) exceeds 34% of income. Many lending institutions view lower income households as higher risk. Therefore, the City has made available a variety of programs aimed at overall housing rehabilitation in the City of San Bernardino. The City believes its first priority is to improve the quality of life for permanent/owner occupied households. In order to assist the 8,746 owner-occupied households who may be suffering from any one of a number of housing problems such as unit inadequacies or cost burden, the City operates the Neighborhood "Spirit" Property Improvement Program, the Mobile Home Rehabilitation Program and the Senior Citizen/Handicapped Rehabilitation Grant Program. The City, however, is also concerned that rental households live in quality housing that is free from physical inadequacies. To address this "need", the City also operates a comprehensive Rental Rehabilitation Program. The significant housing characteristic ("need") which promotes the Neighborhood "Spirit" Program as the City's number one priority, is that 14% of the City's housing is in substandard condition, according to a 1987 survey for the City's Housing Element. This fourteen percent includes 11% deteriorated in condition and 3% dilapidated and therefore unsuitable for rehabilitation. In addition, the City's population is expected to continue to grow at an annual rate of 3.5% for the next five years, or about 6,500 new residents per year. New housing is not expected to be constructed as quickly as the population grows and new housing is generally more expensive than existing units. Therefore, the largest number of affordable, adequate units will be provided through preservation/rehabilitation of the City's existing housing stock. This first priority, more than any other, addresses all three aspects of housing discussed in the Consolidated Plan. 1). Housing Availability. First, housing rehabilitation addresses housing availability by assisting both owner-occupants and investment property owners through maintenance of the existing affordable stock, ensuring that the number of affordable units available today continue to be available for at least the next 15 years. (Generally, the lifespan of a moderate to substantial property improvement should be at least 15 years). 94 2). Housing Affordability. Second, housing rehabilitation addresses housing affordability by keeping affordable units habitable at a lesser cost than new construction of affordable units or assisting first-time homebuyers which can require deeper subsidies to some households. Also, housing rehabilitation tends to encourage similar activities within a neighborhood. First-time homebuying does not necessarily have the same effect, though it is also a desirable strategy for improving housing affordability and accessibility. 3.) Housing Adequacy. Finally, housing rehabilitation addresses housing adequacy by ensuring that project completion is not granted until the unit is brought to an acceptable level of occupancy, according to local building codes. The rehabilitation to be accomplished, whether at a moderate or substantial level, will ensure that the completed unit has been repaired or refurbished to the extent that it will remain in the affordable stock for at least the next 15 years. Housing rehabilitation provides adequate, affordable, available units. ii. Strategy Development (Activities and Programs). Based on the needs and factors identified in the preceding paragraphs, the City has developed a strategy to actively maintain, improve and develop stable neighborhoods and housing opportunities throughout the entire City. This strategy will utilize six programs aimed at owner-occupied units and one which targets rental properties. As shown in Table 2, rehabilitation of existing owner- occupied units is ranked as priority 1 while rehabilitation of rental units is ranked as priority 2. These programs are as follows: Neighborhood "Spirit" Property Improvement Program. This program is designed to financially assist low and moderate income single family homeowners with rehabilitation/restoration of the property. This program was known as the NRP Program, but with the inception of the City's new Housing Division, the program has been revised and is now entitled the Neighborhood "Spirit" Property Improvement Program. In order to improve San Bernardino's "quality of life" and housing stock, the Neighborhood "Spirit" Program offers financial incentives to upgrade single-family homes and neighborhoods. High-quality rehabilitation projects serve as an impetus for increased neighborhood pride and maintenance. The Neighborhood "Spirit" Program has two components, one aimed at "focus" neighborhoods and the other available city-wide. The "focus" neighborhood component concentrates available resources within designated "focus" neighborhoods. The overall objective of this approach is to change the economics of each "focus" neighborhood and stimulate increased neighborhood pride and stability. Programs within "focus" neighborhoods are available to households earning up to 120% of median income. nThe primary goalof `'"5Y 3 w`"� ?' e'u',:- t"Zk,'f - p bpr,rtiefou neighborhooda .t a� h�C i s+ toyL33,cS hang4e'7S.the.µ3�ee c`on7 s o ncs i of .each neighborhood to such an extent thtat it will.be.mam�tained at an accep_tgable Ievel �_ 3 r e i ' - x7' ♦e4TM". .Y:a+ ;,`° `°,�'+ C+Le�' .`p" yX ,7�' ":: ;,a-� thannormalcity,=,resources ;�.s, �.,.,:;x a, ;. 95 The second component of the Neighborhood "Spirit" Program is available to households city-wide earning up to 80% of median income. This component allows for rehabilitation on a case by case basis for income eligible households. The eligibility criteria includes the existence of demonstrated "critical property improvements" and/or significant negative impact on the surrounding residential community. The Neighborhood "Spirit" Program provides financial assistance through six different programs, depending on applicant need, income eligibility and level of rehabilitation required. These programs are listed in the following table. The City notes that over eighty percent (80%) of the Property Improvement Program funds will be returned, for use in assisting other households. 1. Exterior Paint Program 2. Exterior Improvement Loan Program 3. Exterior Improvement Loan-Plus Program 4. Home Improvement Loan Program 5. Rebate (Grant) Program Job Training Program The rehabilitation program contains a component designed to provide job training services through the JTPA. For each rehabilitation project, up to three persons are provided with construction job training. This program can be used on up to seven projects for a total of 21 persons receiving training at a time. Mobile Home Rehabilitation Program. This program is considered a special needs population program offering by the City as the target group is very low income seniors. The City offers this program as an adjunct to its Neighborhood Rehabilitation Loan Program. Maximum assistance is a grant amount of $1,000 per unit and must be repaid if the mobile home is sold within one year of receiving assistance. As each and every mobile home.park and mobile home within City boundaries is inspected, this program is available to ensure that all code violations will be corrected .on units owned by those of low and lower incomes who may not have the financial resources to make the cited repairs necessary to bring their unit up to current city codes. Senior Citizen/Handicap-ped Rehabilitation Grant Program. Low and very-low income single family senior citizen (62 years of age or older) or handicapped households are targeted for assistance through this program. The recipient 96 '""` household must meet established income criteria to receive a grant of up to $2,500 for emergency home repairs. This program is available to eligible applicants across the city. Mobile Home Seismic Retrofit Pro rgram. This is a new program which began in FY 1993. In anticipation of the possibility of a large magnitude earthquake, the City has established a grant program to financially assist the very low income mobile home owner to retrofit their units in order to prevent damage as a result of a severe earthquake. The program will be offered to mobile home owners throughout the City. Demolition Pro rg am. The Demolition Program is designed to assist low income homeowners whose property or structures have been cited for code deficiencies, health, or safety problems or other improvements deemed necessary as identified by City staff and which may be related to the rehabilitation programs being provided by the City. Rental Rehabilitation Program (Multi-Familv/Apartment Units). The Rental Rehabilitation Program was terminated by the federal government in October 1991. Remaining RRP funds may be expended for the rehabilitation of decent, safe, sanitary and affordable rental housing for up to five years after its allocation to the City. As of FY 1994, the City has remaining RRP funds which may be utilized for up to two more years for rental rehabilitation purposes. Future rehabilitation of affordable rental units to be available to low income tenants will be conducted through HOME formula allocation funding that the City of San Bernardino began receiving in FY 1992. These funds have been designated for use towards substantial rehab of multi family rental projects, a portion of which will be used in conjunction with a non profit CHDO and establishing a comprehensive tenant based assistance program for special needs households in conjunction with the San Bernardino Housing Authority. 97 Q • iii. Objectives PRIORITY #1: Preservation and Rehabilitation of the "Affordable" Housing Stock, Emphasizing Single Family Units The Five-year target for rehabilitation is: 750 Multiple Family units 600 Single Family units The One-year target for rehabilitation is: 150 Multiple Family units 100 Single Family units High Priority #2:..Assist Low Income First Time Homebuyers with the Purchase of "Affordable" Permanent Housing i. Analysis Housing Affordability. Census and other data indicates that very low and low income families cannot afford the median priced home in San Bernardino even with today's record low interest rates. In addition, many moderate income families have difficulty saving enough for a down payment and closing costs. Table 33 in the Community Profile provides a breakdown of the income required to purchase the median priced home in San Bernardino at current interest rates. If a low income family was able to save 20% for a down payment, they would be able to purchase the median priced home only if the interest rate was 6% or less. Even at current low rates, the only type of loan with a low enough interest rate is an adjustable rate loan. While they would be able to afford the initial rate on an adjustable rate loan, future increases in the interest rate would cause them to pay more than 30% of their income unless their income also rises. A moderate income family could afford to purchase the median priced home at current interest rates if they were able to save at least 20% down. With a down payment of five or ten percent, a moderate income family could only purchase if they used an adjustable rate loan. These factors illustrate the need for assistance in home purchase. For their part, the City has r developed a first-time homebuyer program to assist qualified homebuyers. In addition to assisting families with home purchase, these type of programs have an additional benefit of freeing up rental units for new families. In some cases the availability of these units might allow households experiencing housing problems to move into more suitable housing. 98 Housing Accessibility. Very often the homes available at prices acceptable to first time homebuyers are those in need of repairs or rehabilitation in older areas of the City. Therefore, there is a need for a program which will provide rehabilitation funds as part of the home purchase. San Bernardino is seen as an open, accessible community. There are instances of grievances brought before the contracted Fair Housing Council for differential treatment, or discrimination, however, these cases are usually mediated to a successful end. Accessibility appears to be a greater problem for the handicapped, disabled and elderly populations. . Access is constrained by inadequate transportation linkages and a shortage of adequate accommodations that prevent some households from gaining access to neighborhoods and housing opportunities that might meet their needs. Housing Availability. Overall housing supply appears to have kept pace with demand. In fact, at this time vacancy rates are higher than needed to assure freedom of movement in the market. However, due to the rapid appreciation experienced in San Bernardino as well as the rest of Southern California in the 1970's and 1980's, home prices are out of reach of many families. In addition, strict underwriting rules at local lending institutions has kept many would-be homeowners from entering the market. Thus, while there is an ample supply of properties for- sale, many of these remain out of reach of first time buyers. In addition, during the late 1980's the market produced many move-up homes that remained vacant when the recession cooled the market. There is a larger supply of more expensive homes for sale while there are not as many homes affordable to first time buyers. The stock of available affordable first-time homebuyer units could be expanded through the new construction process by using the City-owned land purchased with low- and moderate-income redevelopment funds. If the City could enlist a developer through incentives and with the dedication of land, possibly through a ground lease, affordable first-time homebuyer units could be developed and sold as a limited equity concept. Upon transfer of the property, the first-time homebuyer would receive a share of the equity built up in the home pursuant to resale restrictions placed on the project through deed restrictions. The home would then be resold to another first- time buyer. During the first-time homebuyers residence in the limited equity unit, they would have been exposed to a homeowner's association and its rights and responsibilities, enjoyed the ability to write-off interest payments while residing in the home, accrued some equity to apply to the purchase of another home and learned the responsibilities that home ownership requires. ii. Strategy Development (Activities and Programs) The intent of providing opportunities for affordable homeownership is to assist marginal households into the mainstream of the homebuying market through some financial assistance and homebuyer education. Home ownership is the traditional method by which Americans accrue wealth and these families would have a chance to improve their situation and eventually move up to a nicer home. The City of San Bernardino is also committed to first time home buyers as a *66 mechanism to increase community pride and stability. This commitment is reflected in Table 2 as a number one priority for the City. 99 0 Habitat for Humanity Habitat for Humanity is a non-profit organization which utilizes volunteer labor and donations for families who would not ordinarily be able to experience homeownership. Habitat for Humanity requests assistance from the EDA Development Department in acquiring vacant parcels on which a single-family detached home could be constructed or an existing home could be moved onto which might require some rehabilitation for a low income family. The department may approve projects as presented by Habitat and will be responsible for site acquisition at a cost not to exceed $25,000. The staff will be working with the organization to ensure that, once a site has been identified, the home which is constructed is a high quality product, and is an asset to the surrounding residential community. The City anticipates assisting up to two households per year in the City, where land acquisition costs appear to be most reasonable. First Time Homebuyer's Mortgage Assistance Program (MAP). This pilot program is designed to assist first-time homebuyers with the purchase of a home within the City of San Bernardino. Eligible properties include condominiums, town home and single- family detached homes. City assistance will be in the form of down payment/closing cost assistance in amounts up to 10% of the purchase price with a cap of $15,000. The City then receives an equity interest in the property, receiving it s percentage back when the home is sold or refinanced. The homes purchased may be located in any census tract in the City as long as it is occupied by and affordable to a low-income homeowner. The remaining funds will be utilized to develop a Mortgage Assistance Program which either reduces the homebuyers interest rate, or provides additional tax incentives for first-time homebuyers. In both scenarios, the goal is to increase the first-time homebuyers financial wherewithal, thereby facilitating their ability to purchase a home. As part of this effort, the department will also be developing a marketing program designed to promote homeownership opportunities throughout the City of San Bernardino. Once developed, this program will be made available to the Board of Realtors, local lenders, developers, and prospective homebuyers. The goal of this effort will be to promote long-term homeownership opportunities within the City of San Bernardino, thereby stabilizing neighborhoods and improving community pride. PrQject Home Run This project provides financial counseling and services to low income households embarking on the purchase of a home. The counseling provided teaches.-the family about basic household budgeting, the importance of savings for a homeowner in case a major repair is needed, and regular household maintenance and its importance in the upkeep of the family home. Training and counseling will be conducted at various locations throughout the City. The Development Department is working with the Catholic Charities to assist first-time homebuyers with these counseling services. As a result of these counseling services, Catholic Charities will develop and provide a list of potential pre-qualified homeowners to the City for inclusion in one of the first-time homebuying initiatives. 100 iii. Objectives PRIORITY #2 - Assist Low Income First Time Homebuyers with the Purchase of Affordable Permanent Housing The five-year targets are: 50 First-Time Homebuyers (New Single Family Construction). 75 First-Time Homebuyers (Existing Single Family Homes). 175 Households receiving homeownership financial counseling. The one-year targets are: 10 First-Time Homebuyers (New Single Family Construction). 15 First-Time Homebuyers (Existing Single Family Homes). 35 Households receiving homeownership financial counseling. rjor1 ;<#3•...: ..:Provide Rental Assistance to Ne I,ow:;Income;Households;:;:' i. Anal sis Among low income households, different types of families experience different housing problems ("needs"). Almost universally, however, all household types experience excess or severe cost burden in at least 57% of all very low-income renter households. Over 10,283 very low-income renter households are cost burdened in San Bernardino. ......:<::><:;<:TABU. P.P.11:OBl�1wlA�i:Clr1�IG`F� Y :; ter Problem Elderl y Small Large Other Any Pte,,, 73% 87% 96% 95% Excess Cost 73% 84% 81% 94.5% SNem Cost 57% 58% 53% 59% OvcrcYOw, • 1 0% 25% 7296 N/A Sounce: 1990 U.S.Census,CHAS Databwlc Similarly, with elderly and other owner household types, severe cost burden affects at least 54% of all owner households which are very low-income or almost 3,000 households. 101 ;:.::;:.;. 'ABA. ..:::t•1.::::.::.::::::::::::::..,::::..:.::.................::::,:::::,;:: ;::;:>;:>:: 1 .. P1E20$ �'1 AItIONCir Z` R:HOHSI�;HE���S:� �''f�'T.................:::::::.:::..:::..::::...::::::... ?t :::::::: :.;::::::::::: :::.;:.;:........::.::::::::::::::::.::.::::::.:..;: Wit].....>'<< <` >`>< '<` Problem Elderly Other Any Problem 42% 74% Excess Cost 42% 66% Severe Cost 23% 46% overcrowding N/A 19% Source: 1990 U. S. Census, CHAS Databook. Congress has designated very low-income renters who live in substandard housing or pay more than 50%of income for rent(severe cost burden)as having the"worst case housing needs." Congress has directed that these households be given priority for admission to federally-assisted programs. As shown earlier in the Community Profile, assisted housing is in great demand in San Bernardino. Currently, 1,730 very low-income households receive federal assistance. Another 1,941 very low- income small and elderly households are on the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino's waiting list. However, the current waiting list has been closed since December of 1990 so there are undoubtedly additional households which are eligible for and desire housing assistance but have been unable to even make the waiting list. Nationally, about 30% of the income-eligible renter households received assistance in 1989. Fifty-seven percent of the households on the waiting list meet the "worst case housing needs" criteria and have federal preference. In fact, within the State of California, 49% of all very low-income renter households are designated as having the "worst case housing need." Elderly renters eligible for federal housing subsidies are substantially more likely to receive assistance than non-elderly. Nationwide,nearly 40% of eligible elderly receive assistance compared to 26% of non-elderly. In San Bernardino, according to the County's Administrative Plan preferences, elderly have received 21% of all assistance, small families receive 44% and large families receive 35% of assistance allocated to San Bernardino residents. Housing Availability. Approximately 44 percent of the housing stock in San Bernardino is available for rent. The City of San Bernardino offers a diversity of housing stock in terms of cost and type. There is housing to serve very low income individuals and families as well as housing for upper income residents. While the City currently provides some housing possibilities for the very low and low income renter families, it has been determined that as many as 71 percent of these households are currently overpaying for housing costs. As the current recession continues to strain personal resources and the percent of income given to housing costs, more and more people will be vulnerable to losing their current homes, both rental and owned. Housing Affordability. The City of San Bernardino's employment is concentrated in the service sector, with many retail, hotel and restaurant establishments. Together with other businesses they employ hundreds of low income wage earners. Commonly, it requires two wage earners per 102 household to meet a families basic needs. The City acknowledges it s responsibility to house employees in affordable housing close to their work and has established programs to encourage the construction of more affordable units. However, many households currently have limited incomes and are paying more than 50 percent of their income for rent. Despite the numbers receiving Section 8 Certificates and Vouchers or residing in public housing, there are still many households who need housing assistance, including almost 2,000 on the waiting list for Section 8 and over 2,000 on the public housing waiting list. Housing affordability is the single biggest housing problem/"need" facing San Bernardino residents. Fully, 10,283 very low-income, 2,253 low-income and 201 moderate-income renter households state excess cost burden as a problem. Therefore, 12,872 or 51% of the total renter household population is rent burdened in San Bernardino. This is why rental assistance is the City's fourth priority. Housing Adequacy. A survey by the City Code Enforcement Division indicates that approximately forty-five percent of the housing in the City is in substandard condition. The City makes funds available to the property owner through set aside, CDBG, and HOME funding for rehabilitation but motivation is often lacking. The quality of fife and the security of residents in San Bernardino's existing neighborhoods depends upon the continued maintenance and protection of these communities. Central and West San Bernardino are examples of neighborhoods of older smaller homes that are ideal for first time buyers and retired seniors. Through City ordinances these types of areas can be protected from encroachment of incompatible uses and the negative impacts of noise, traffic and other environmental influences. Because the housing stock in San Bernardino is almost equally divided between rental and owner occupied,the problems of preservation and rehabilitation must be addressed with the concerns of both the homeowner and the landlord. Solutions must include ways to involve absentee landlords in the effort to rehabilitate properties, upgrade neighborhoods and restore community pride. It cannot be determined from any of the numerical information presented whether physical inadequacies or overcrowding is a bigger problem in renter households in San Bernardino. This information was not provided by HUD and is difficult to ascertain through the CHAS charts presented in this CHAS. However, the Code Enforcement survey would indicate that the majority of the renter units and owner-occupied units require rehabilitation. Rental assistance for very low- and low-income renter households may encourage investment property owners to invest some working capital and to take advantage of newly designed City-sponsored rehabilitation programs in order to gain a regular tenant who pays up to 30% of their monthly income in rent while the City subsidizes the owner up to fair market rent. ii. Strategy Development Activities and Programs) The intent of providing rental assistance to very low- and low-income households is to provide additional affordable.housing opportunities for families who desperately need them as well as to improve the existing stock of affordable housing in San Bernardino. The City intends to use the following 7 programs which will be funded with Section 8 and Redevelopment Set-Aside funds. Assistance to rental households is ranked as priority 2 on Table 2, with the provision of rental 103 assistance a primary activity for these households. Rent/Deposit Guarantee Program The Rent Guarantee Program is a "safety. net program" offered as intervention to prevent displacement of households "in danger" of becoming homeless due to loss of income from job loss, illness or other eligible situations. The Deposit Guarantee Program assists homeless families which are trying to return to rental housing from transitionalfhomeless situations by offering required security deposits. Two facilities administer the funds for the City, the Frazee Community Center and the Westside Community Service Center. Section 8 Rental Assistance Certificate Program The Development Department continues to work closely with the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino providing City residents with assistance under both the Section 8 Rental Certificate Program and the Section 8 Voucher Program. The City also provides project-based assistance through the rent subsidy program which is attached to a specific unit within the City's boundaries. Through the Section 8 program, landlords agree to a specific rent for one year, with a rent increase possible after the first year. These federal Section 8 payments make up the difference between the contract rent of a rental unit and what the tenant is required to pay (no more than 30% of income). Initial gross rent (contract rent plus utility allowance) cannot exceed fair market rents for the area. Because of the size and diversity of San Bernardino County, the fair market rents defined by HUD for the entire metropolitan statistical area exceed the actual market rents in several cities and communities throughout the County. In areas with low market rents this can allow participants to rent housing which may be considered luxury housing or with more amenities than intended by program regulations. At this time, HUD is not receptive to permitting submarket rents to alleviate this concern. The Housing Authority of San Bernardino county assists Section 8 applications based on new allocations from HUD and as a result of participants dropping out of the Section 8 Program, thereby, enabling them to give the certificate to another applicant. Approximately 20 participants drop out each month, or 240 annually. During 1991, according to the most recent data available the Housing Authority received additional allocations to assist 133 Section 8 applicants. Therefore, based on the Housing Authority's calculations, it would anticipate assisting 373 new families from the existing waiting list, with a majority of those certificates going to households that require assistance in the City of San Bernardino. Section 8 Rental Assistance Voucher Program The San Bernardino County Housing Authority provides voucher assistance which may be used to rent any unit an eligible low or very-low income San Bernardino resident chooses. The voucher program operates much the same as the Section 8 Program in that it provides financial assistance paid directly to the property owner on behalf of participating families residing in privately-owned and managed dwelling units. The basic differences are; 104 1) the term "payment standard" is used instead of"fair market rent". The payment standard determines the amount of assistance to be paid on behalf of the family; and 2) annual increases in the amount of the payment standard are not provided for, although two increases per five-year period may be made; and 3) any rent negotiation would be between the voucher holder and the owner. The owner may increase the rents after the first year of the lease. However, if the rent is increased above the payment standard (which includes all utility costs), the increase would be paid by the tenant (voucher holder); and 4) the tenant is permitted at this/her option to pay rent in excess of 30% of their adjusted income, although HUD considers this to be "rent burden". Aftercare Rental Assistance The Aftercare Rental Assistance operates in the same fashion as the Section 8 Rental Subsidy Program. Eligible recipients are very-low income individuals who are physically disabled and receiving support services from a state authorized agency or their designee. The City has preliminarily established a designated funding level for FY 1994. In addition, future "need" will be approached on a case-by-case basis, depending on the availability of additional HOME program resources. Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation Program This program provides guaranteed rents for fifteen years to owners of existing multifamily housing who rehabilitate their properties to rent them to low and moderate income households. The guaranteed rents make it possible to secure favorable financing terms for the work. The City has planned on a designated funding level as yet and will approach need on a case-by-case basis. Mobile Home Space Rent Subsidy This program prevents eligible households from becoming homeless by subsidizing their space rent. Maximum assistance is $50 per month, per space. Tenant Assistance Policy It is the intent of the City of San Bernardino to minimize permanent displacement of residential rental tenants as a result of any of the City's program services. In cases where permanent displacement of low income families is unavoidable, financial and technical relocation assistance will be provided to those families. Very low income families will not be permanently displaced in favor of non very low income families. Definition of Displacement: The term "displaced person" means any person(s) that moves permanently and involuntarily from real property due to physical rehabilitation activities. Examples of"program related" displacement include, but are not limited to, units under utilized,unit overcrowding and housing cost overpayment (family paying more than 30% of monthly gross income for housing expenses). No tenant will be considered displaced if the 105 tenant has been offered a decent, safe, and sanitary dwelling unit in the project at an affordable rent. Qualification of displacees will be solely determined by the City. Tenants will not be considered displaced if they were offered assistance and have refused this assistance. Assistance to Displacees: Displacees will receive either Section 8 rental subsidy assistance, or relocation assistance pursuant to the provisions for permanent displacement of the U.S. Uniform Relocation Assistance and Property Acquisition Act of 1970, as amended. Information and Counseling.: Technical assistance will also be provided to each tenant and will include information to familiarize displacees with opportunities to select appropriate replacement housing within the full range of available housing and individual rights under the federal Fair Housing Law. No displacees will be discriminated against in the provision of information, counseling, referrals, or other relocation services. Tenant Counseling and Education. The City of San Bernardino has identified a "need" among multiple-family rental households for tenant counseling and education on personal finance, budgeting, job training and household maintenance. The City intends to pro-actively develop such a program to address this "need" within the next five years. iii. Ob'ectives PRIORITY#3: Provide Rental Assistance to Very Low Income Households The five-year targets are: 7.000 Section 8 Rental Certificates.' 1.600 Section 8 Rental Vouchers.' 1.000 Mobile Home Space Rent Subsidies. 150 Aftercare Rental Assistance. The one-year targets are: 1.400 Section 8 Rental Certificates.' 320 Section 8 Rental Vouchers.' 200 Mobile Home Space Rent Subsidies. 30 Aftercare Rental Assistance. Source: San Bernardino County Housing Authority Estimates. 106 Hi'h�'rioi4 Assist the Homeless and<S ecial<l�eerls;Persons with Su ` ortive Services L Analysis Housing availability, accessibility and affordability is virtually unknown for the homeless population. The S-Night 1990 U. S. Census count determined there were 512 homeless in San Bernardino on the evening of March 20, 1990. Based on reported statistics collected through interviews with service providers in San Bernardino, City staff estimated in 1992 that there were between 1,000 and 1,500 homeless persons in San Bernardino. These numbers indicate that homelessness is a serious problem in San Bernardino. It may be that the City's size and other factors draw homeless persons from throughout the region into the City. Presently there are 239 shelter beds in San Bernardino (including 92 which are reserved for families displaced by domestic violence)which is 273 less than would be needed to house all of the homeless according lowest estimate of the homeless population in the City. In addition, over 5,000 very low income households earning under 50% of median family income are cost burdened by 50% or more and at-risk of homelessness. ii. Strategy Development Activities and Programs) The intent of this priority is to continue to provide City support of nonprofit and other supportive service institutions which provide homeless assistance, emergency shelter, transitional shelter and homeless prevention services to San Bernardino homeless and at-risk populations. This priority includes the City's strategies to provide transitional and emergency shelters for the homeless, the prevention of homelessness and assisting the homeless in making the transition to permanent housing. Assistance for the homeless is ranked as a two on Table 2, with support facilities and services the designated activity to assist this group. Emergency Shelter Grant The Emergency Shelter Grant program benefits homeless individuals and families through services and shelter, coupled with employment,job training, and additional support services to deal with drug and alcohol abuse. The City expects an allocation totalling $40,000 from the federal Emergency Shelter Grant Program to assist in providing emergency shelter and supportive services to approximately 3,000 homeless individuals and/or households. :Two facilities have benefitted from these funds in the past and will likely receive an administrative allocation of funds again in the future: the Frazee Community Center and the Salvation Army. Other organizations are located centrally in the City of San Bernardino. Rent/Denosit Guarantee Program As discussed in priority 93 regarding rental assistance,these two programs assist homeless or the "at- risk" population either to gain access to permanent rental housing by providing required security deposit assistance or by intervening on an emergency basis on behalf of a household in danger of 107 becoming homeless and providing needed rental assistance to stay eviction. Transitional Housing The City has two programs which are designed to help persons to make the transition from homelessness back into Society. These programs as are follows: 1 Mentor Pro rg_am. The City has established'a Mentor Team program in conjunction with civic, church and business groups on a volunteer basis. The mentors assist individuals living in transitional housing as"role models" and job/career advisors. The relationships which develop provide moral and emotional support for those reentering the workforce in dealing with daily responsibilities, chores, and holding a full or part time position. These teams have received training to learn the about program's expectations and how to be an effective mentor. Associated with this program, the City has also become pre-approved to participate in the HUD Lease/Option Program. 2 Transitional Housing Facility(CHDO/Frazee Community Center). The City is currently working with Frazee Community Center to purchase two 4-unit apartment buildings. The City would acquire and rehabilitate the units and Frazee would operate the facility. Two units in each building would be rented as market rate units and the proceeds from those units would be used to provide two transitional units within each building. The transitional units would be interim in nature (4 to 6 months) and would provide supportive services for the residents. Battered Women's Shelter Program The City will continue to provide CDBG funds to Battered Women's Shelters to assist women and children who are homeless or low income and are in need of special services such as counseling, employment, or financial planning. The CDBG funds also provide shelter and a safe environment during case management for individual situations, as required. These monies are set aside for the administrative costs of running the Bethlehem House and the Option House and providing structural rehabilitation funds for the Bethlehem House shelters. The program is very successful, the shelters are located in the eastern area of the City. Senior Assistance Program - Mobile Home Rent Subsidy Many low and very-low income seniors on fixed incomes have used their remaining funds to purchase a mobile home. However, because of inflation and increases in space rent, they are unable to afford the space rent. This program prevents eligible households from becoming homeless by subsidizing their space rent. Annually, this program will assist approximately 160 senior households with$50 per month, per space. Mobile Home Inspection/Rehabilitation Program The State of California has mandated that every mobile home park and mobile home be inspected within the next five years. The City of San Bernardino is responsible for this inspection in an effort to improve the quality of life for very low income seniors within the mobile home parks. The Development Department has established a grant program to ensure that items listed on the citations 108 for violations of the Health and Safety codes will be corrected on mobile homes owned by those of low and moderate income. By inspecting each mobile home and every mobile home park, the quality of life within the City should be vastly improved. These mobile homes and the parks are located throughout the City. Homeless Shelter Utility Payments Program (HSUPP) Through the Homeless Shelter Utility Payments Program, the City provides assistance to various homeless shelters with the payment of utility bills(ie. electricity,water). The shelters which will likely receive this assistance are located in the central section of the City. San Bernardino Counq Homeless Coalition This cooperative organization is made up of various local governmental entities and county social service departments to facilitate the needs of the homeless within the City and County of San Bernardino. The Task Force undertakes issues relative to assuring that the components for servicing the homeless are in place and that each respective City or governmental entity utilizes its fair share of local resources for the development of homeless shelters, transitional housing, and services to address homelessness. In-kind contribution of staff time(labor) constitutes the resource commitment for this program. Homeless Resource Directory The City responded to a number of requests in the past for information regarding services for the homeless. In response to these requests, the Development Department has prepared a Homeless Resource Directory and now distributes this directory to all agencies in the City that deal with homelessness. Childcare Facilities Childcare facilities are provided for low income City residents on an application basis at the PAL Facility located in the Northwest Redevelopment Project Area. The City anticipates assisting with operational support and some staff salaries because they are so necessary to the community. 109 N iii. Ob'ectives PRIORITY#4: Assist Homeless and Special Needs Persons with Supportive Services Programs. The five-year targets are: 15.000 Emergency Shelter Households.' 500 Rent/Deposit Guarantees. _50 Transitional housing units. 2,000 Battered Women and Children. 1.000 Mobile Home Residents. The one-year targets are: 3.000 Emergency Shelter Households.' 100 Rent/Deposit Guarantees. 10 Transitional housing units. 400 Battered Women and Children. 200 Mobile Home Residents. I This number is not unduplicated since a household may spend more than one night in a shelter. `'' Hxpansrort 6f Affordable HouS!ug Opportunv to for ;ory Income Large Hi Prit►�t amilnes Priman throe h.;New Cgnstr XXX..,.::. :< �vr ::4Fs ::. ...:..... ... . . i. Analysis Housing Availability and Adequacy. The City of San Bernardino has a number of programs already in operation which have allowed for the construction of new affordable units, both rental and owner occupied, within the City. The Redevelopment Agency 20% Set-aside Funds for Low to Moderate Income Housing have been used to assist in the development of 409 single family units and 145 multiple family units. Tax exempt bond financing has been used to assist in the construction of 1,896 multiple family units. As developers review their plans it provides the city with an opportunity to actively pursue the possibilities of these programs. In addition, there are many opportunities to address underutilized properties and rethink existing land uses. Some creative approaches to housing development include mixed use, increased density to allow for more open space and transfer of development credits. To determine whether local levels of housing production are keeping pace with overall demand, we will examine the following: 1) change in total number of households relative to change in total number of housing units; and 2) vacancy rates for rental and homeowner units. 110 Table 35 illustrates this basic approach for the City of San Bernardino. If the ratio of housing unit change to household change is less than 1.0, stock growth has fallen short of household growth. Conversely,if the ratio is greater than 1.0,the stock has increased by more than enough units overall to accommodate household growth. As shown, the ratio is 1.34, indicating the stock has increased by one-third more than the number of households. In 1990 the vacancy rate for owner-occupied housing was 2.1%, which indicates there might have been some unmet demand since ideal vacancy rates for freedom of movement in the market are estimated to be 4%. However,the 1990 rental vacancy rate of 8.5% is higher than ideal which would indicate an overabundance of available units. Vacancy rates for both rental and owner occupied units indicate that supply exceeds demand. >; :::::::..... ......,......,..,.... ::::.......::.::::..... Al Ate`.. Household Increase,1980-1990: 9,222 _ = 1.34 Units per Household Housing Unit Increase,1980-1990: 12,376 Note: Population growth was more rapid than household growth and the average household size increased from 2.62 to 2.9 persons. Rental Owner Total 1990 Vacancy Rates 8.5% 2.1% 7.3% 1993 Vacancv Rates N/A N/A 8.3% Source: 1980 and 1990 Census,Dept.of Finance Population Estimates. Generally,the pace of housing production has kept up with population growth. This is also true as presented in the table below, a recapitulation of CHAS Table 1B, Part A, which displays the number and percentage of the available rental and owner housing stock. By available stock, we mean identified occupied and vacant rental and owner units. ........... :.::..::::::::::::.::::::.::::::::::.:::::::::::::..................................:.............:::......:.::.. Category 0 and 1 Bedroom 2 bedrooms 3 or more bedrooms Renter 11,491 or 40% 11,941 or 42% 4,989 or 18% Owner 2,326 or 8% 9,013 or 31% 17,738 or 61% Source: U.S. 1990 Census, CHAS Table 1B Table 37 compares household types and total available units. Although admittedly oversimplified, there appears to be adequate owner units available,with the smaller owner households living in larger units. This table disguises the fact that some owner households are overcrowded, which was discussed in the Community Profile. The overcrowded owner households would be large families that are living in units with two or fewer bedrooms. Among rental units, there is a shortage of units with 111 2 or more bedrooms. The larger rental households that cannot find adequately sized units are thus housed in zero and one bedroom units, leading to overcrowding. Lam. ::.::::::::: .:............................:.:::::::..::::......::........::::::::::::.::::.::::.:...::::::::......::.:::.::.:: I� Ulm T S{ .: .:..........:::::: :.::::.: ...........:::.::. Households By Type y Units b Size* Surplus (Shortage) Elderly Renters 2,996 0 and 1 Bedroom Rental 11,491 8,495 Elderly Owners 7,934 0 and 1 Bedroom Owner 2,326 (5,608) Small and All Other Renters 17,469 2 Bedroom Rental 11,941 (5,528) Large Related Renters 4,968 3+Bedroom Rental 4,989 (21) All Other Owners 21,277 2+Bedroom Owner 26,751 5A74 Total 54,644 1 Total 57,498 2,854 Source: FY 1994 CHAS Tables 1B and 1C, 1990 CHAS Databook. * Includes occupied and vacant units for rent or sale but excludes other vacant units. Of the available units within the City of San Bernardino, there is a definite bias toward availability of housing for large family owners. The problem with this simple analysis is there is no way to discern from the numbers alone whether adequate numbers of various bedroom types exist to fulfill various household types' needs. For instance, while there is a shortage of two bedroom units, there is insufficient data to determine the numbers of one and two person households who reside in larger rental units. Income considerations may allow a two-person, two-income family to afford a two or three bedroom rental unit while a larger family with only one income might be unable to afford a larger unit and is thus crowded into a zero or one bedroom unit. The data on overcrowding indicate that this may be the case for many households. In terms of physical inadequacies, this priority addresses new construction which is required to be built to current City codes. In addition, development requirements bring adequate infrastructure, open space, and streetscape elements which enhance the quality of the living environment and encourage long term pride of ownership. Usually, change in the size and composition of the housing stock does not always coincide with the population trends in a community. However, the City can proactively work toward serving the community projected to reside in San Bernardino over the next 5 to 10 years by developing both single and multiple family housing for various income levels. Monitoring of local rates of housing construction can provide valuable clues regarding overall availability of housing in the market. San Bernardino,which still has a large amount of developable land, would be proactively designing mixed income housing which would accurately reflect the housing needs of the projected household population. As noted above, the emphasis in prior years was on multiple family construction. However, in 112 recognition of the high vacancy rates among multiple family units, the City has shifted its focus to single family detached housing units. The goal of new single-family detached housing construction is to produce high quality/affordable units which set the standard for future development and will set the standard for other programs in order to improve the surrounding neighborhoods. Housing Affordability. In the City of San Bernardino, one-third of the households fall within the very low income bracket of$14,422 or less, another 18 percent have low incomes of$14,423 to $23,074. As shown previously in Table 34,the median home price of$96,200 is out of reach of most very low and low income families even with interest rates at their current low levels. It should be noted that the occupations that fall within these ranges include service occupations such as hotel and restaurant employees, retail clerks, delivery personnel, providers of personal services such as housekeeping and beauty care, secretaries, aides and many other blue collar personnel. The largest employers in the City of San Bernardino are those which primarily provide low paying jobs, such as the Inland Center and Carousel Malls, several hospitals and government employers. The City recognizes this and encourages the development of new rental units that are affordable to these families. ii. Strate Develo ment Activities and Pro rams The intent of this housing priority is to provide ample affordable housing opportunities for existing households as well as future residents of the City. The strategy to accomplish this task combines financial and regulatory incentives. These programs are a secondary activity for meeting the needs of first-time homebuyers, who are ranked number 1 on Table 2. Use of the 20% Redevelopment Set-Aside for Low-Income Housin . According to State redevelopment law, 20% of the tax increment generated from redevelopment project areas is to be set aside for low-and moderate-income housing assistance programs. There are very few limitations on the use of housing set-aside funds other than the money be spent within the City, and preferably within the redevelopment project area, and respond to any housing needs created by redevelopment activity. The set-aside fund will continue to grow as additional development in the City's redevelopment project areas generates new tax increment. The City's long-range plan for expenditures of the 20% redevelopment set-aside funds will incorporate use of funds for housing rehabilitation, rental assistance, new construction, homeless programs and the assistance of first time home buyers. The following five programs utilize redevelopment funds to assist in new construction. Housing Development Program The Development Department has utilized low-moderate housing set-aside funds to construct new, multi-family, affordable units targeted for seniors. All together, the nine projects initiated in FY 1992 and the five projects undertaken in FY 1993 will provide approximately 515 new affordable housing units (renter and owner-occupied) for seniors, special needs populations and single families in San Bernardino. Three(3) senior housing complexes located in the northwestern area of the City are currently 113 under construction. A 51-unit complex is being funded in cooperation with the County Housing Authority and the remaining two are being funded in conjunction with non-profit entities. The Casa Ramona Senior Housing Project is made up of 44 units and the Highland Lutheran Senior Housing Project is constructing 50 units. Over$6.4 million in RDA set-aside funds are being used to build these three projects. All projects are designed to maximize private sector participation in the implementation of housing strategies of developing affordable housing opportunities. The prior emphasis of this program was on the identified "need" for additional senior citizen oriented housing. However, due to the changing composition of the community, the City has recognized a need for affordable, high quality single family units for large families. In the future, this program will focus on the needs of this population. In-fill Housing Development Program This program was designed to create high quality housing on unimproved (vacant) infill sites, located within established neighborhoods throughout the City of San Bernardino. The Department will be working with local developers and lending institutions interested in a joint venture to create high quality housing opportunities for first-time homebuyers. The program 1 will be developed in such a way to ensure that these homes serve to significantly improve/enhance the surrounding residential community, while also offering homeownership opportunities. Department funds will be utilized to directly offset building permits and loan fee costs, in order for the homes to remain truly "affordable" to the low income households eligible to purchase them. In addition, the Department loan guarantee ensures that acquisition and construction financing is immediately available to the selected developer. Once constructed, the local lender would then provide takeout financing to eligible first-time homebuyers, thereby making acquisition and construction monies available for another infill site. Tax-Exert Bond Financing. This program finances mortgages in the construction of multifamily housing units. At least twenty percent(20%) of these rental units must be made available to families at eighty percent (80%) of area median income or below. Of the more than 1,500 units which are under construction or nearing completion at the outset of FY 1993, nearly 300 units are dedicated to households at or below eighty percent (80%) of area median income, a total of 19.5% of all units assisted with tax-exempt bond financing. These various multifamily housing projects are located in throughout the City. Density Bonuses. State law requires jurisdictions to grant density bonuses to developers who agree to dedicate a certain percentage of homes, condominiums and apartments to elderly, low or moderate-income purchasers or tenants. The required density bonus is a 25% increase over the otherwise maximum allowable residential density under the applicable zoning ordinance and land use element of the City's general plan. Development of Second Units on Single Family Lots: The special needs of many handicapped, disabled and elderly households result from their limited incomes, mobility restrictions, and self-care 114 abilities. As of 1990, 13%of San Bernardino's population aged 16-64 was disabled and 42% of those aged 65 or older were disabled. The housing needs of this group can be partially answered through the provision of smaller units, such as second units on lots with existing homes. State law permits jurisdictions to allow secondary units in single family zones in order to facilitate the creation of units without additional land costs. San Bernardino allows one second unit per lot in all residential zones provided there is an existing owner-occupied single family unit on the property and the parcel conforms to all standards for the zone in which it is located. A development permit is required prior to approval of a second unit. The floor area of the second unit cannot exceed 30% of the primary unit if attached to the primary unit or 1,200 square feet if detached. The central, older parts of San Bernardino which were developed before the development boom of the 1980s favored larger lots than those currently allowed in the housing tracts of the outlying areas. Many of these older lots could comfortably support a second single family dwelling. The City is currently relying on the interest and financial resources of property owners to participate in this program. Creation and Conversion of Housing to Handicapped-Accessibility. Housing opportunities for the 18,546 disabled persons identified by the 1990 Census can be maximized through housing rehabilitation programs as well as through providing design features such as widened doorways, ramps, lowered counter tops, single-level units, and ground floor units in new developments. The State has recently adopted legislation which requires multi-family and certain types of condominium developments to provide at minimum: one handicapped-accessible unit for every 20 units, and two handicapped-accessible unit for every 100 units. The City will enforce this state policy and encourages housing which is provided for handicapped and elderly people to be located in close proximity to public transportation and services. The Development Department will encourage the development of residential units which are accessible to handicapped persons or are adaptable for conversion to residential use by handicapped persons. Redevelopment funds may be used for housing rehabilitation of existing units and private developers will be responsible for including all handicapped-accessibility features in new projects approved by City planners. 115 iii. Obiectives PRIORITY#5: Expansion of Affordable Housing Opportunities for Low Income Large Families Primarily through New Construction The five-year targets are: 25 Second dwellings on single family lots. 250 New affordable single family detached units. 120 Handicapped-accessible apartments (conversion). 50 Infill housing units. The one-year targets are: 5 Second dwellings on single family lots. 50 New affordable single family detached units. 24 Handicapped-accessible apartments (conversion). 10 Infill housing units. .. . TE ;:HOMELESSNESSTIiA G. The City completed the HUD Priority Homeless Needs Table and assigned all categories a medium priority. 116 `r 0 AWN The City prepared a strategic plan that both properly addresses the problem of homelessness and remains mindful of political, budgetary, and other constraints. We intend to build upon and coordinate our efforts with policy initiatives newly set forth at the Federal level under President Clinton's leadership. Our aim is to achieve the goal of "a decent home and a suitable living environment" for every American, the goal of the 1949 Federal Housing Act and the heart of the American dream. This strategy recognizes that if we are truly to eradicate homelessness,we must address the causes of homelessness for both broad and sometimes overlapping groups of homeless people as discussed earlier in this Plan: those in crisis poverty and those suffering from chronic disabilities. The recommendations offer a two-pronged strategy: 1)take emergency measures to bring those who are currently homeless back into our communities, work force, and families; and 2) address the structural needs to provide the necessary housing and social infrastructure for the very poor in our society to prevent the occurrence of homelessness. While the resources, services, and needs vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, all systems must be based on the same premise. To be effective, a homeless system must provide three distinct components of organization. First, there must be an emergency shelter assessment effort that provides an immediate alternative to the street and can identity an individual's or family's needs.The second component offers transitional or rehabilitative services for those who need them. Such services include substance abuse treatment,short-term mental health services,and independent living skills. Appropriate case management should be accessed to ensure that persons receive necessary services, for example,that children attend school regularly. The third and Final component, and the one essential component for every homeless individual and family, is permanent housing or supportive housing arrangements. While not all homeless individuals and families in a community will need to access all three components all three components are coordinated within a community. This approach is referred to "continuum of care." A homelessness prevention strategy is also key to the success of the continuum of care. As recommended by the federal government,this comprehensive approach to homelessness should be instituted and coordinated by localities. They are best suited to assess community needs and coordinate funding so that each stage of the continuum of care (emergency, transitional, or permanent, with supportive services as required) can be linked with other points along the continuum. Unlike non-profit providers, the locality can view the entire system in the jurisdiction to ensure that transitions from each stage can be smooth.Unlike the Federal government,the locality is intimately familiar with the needs of its neighborhoods. In non-metropolitan areas, due to the unique configuration of resources and service delivery as well as the nature of homelessness itself, it is expected that state and county governments will be primarily responsible for the development of the continuum of care. The strategy designed on the local level should provide the basis for Federal participation. Under this system, non-profits would be able to devote time to what they do best: providing and 117 delivering services.The experience of the past decade has shown that non-profits are generally more effective than local government at quickly and efficiently siting,constructing, and operating housing and supportive facilities for homeless people. With the government providing resources, non-profits could provide the services. The City will focus its efforts on working with local non-profits and other public agencies to develop integrated systems of support services and housing. The City will accomplish this by developing incentives, requirements, and ways to assist them to address effectively the needs of mentally ill persons who are homeless are at risk for becoming homeless. The City's continuum-of-care plan will require the coordination of programs for receipt of McKinney and other HUD funds. The City's plan and programs attempt to must be coordinate and address treatment, support services, and housing for persons with mental illness, especially those who are homeless and those who suffer from both mental illness and substance abuse disorders. The City will also explore various alternative ways to help focus county mental health efforts on the most needy including technical assistance, etc. In this effort to develop more integrated systems of housing and services, the City will: work with local governmental health,mental health,and housing agencies to coordinate local and Federal assistance and to undertake actions to enhance community support through the development of a continuum of care that integrates housing and services. In doing so, the City will be do the following: Effectively target mental health and housing resources to the most needy, such as homeless persons with mental illnesses or dual diagnoses. Work closely with other key providers of services, including substance abuse treatment providers and providers in VA's mental health-care system. - Utilize the experience of the local communities that have developed integrated systems and of some Federal programs, including HHS demonstration programs and VA's Health Care for Homeless Veterans (HCHV)program. Link mental health and substance abuse treatment activities. Collaborate with local public and private housing providers and developers to establish joint initiatives and to encourage the development of affordable Single Room Occupancy housing, in particular. Consider the unique and serve needs of homeless children with developmental disabilities and serious emotional disturbances. Will development a method by which to must review and strengthen discharge and aftercare planning strategies to ensure appropriate linkages with housing and community-based care 118 o • in order to ensure that supports necessary to avoid subsequent homelessness are in place. I Will develop new partnership with other public and private agencies and organizations. D. OTHER SPECIAL NEEDS HUD Guidelines stipulate that the Consolidated Plan include a description of special housing needs that exist in the community, such as those of the handicapped, elderly, large families, and single parent households. The following discussion presents the housing needs of these groups in San Bernardino. 1. Elderly/Frail Elderly This age group has many special needs. Many senior citizens have fixed incomes and experience financial difficulty in coping with rising housing costs. Supportive services that are desirable to this population include: b Affordable housing for very low income senior citizens b Housing which is: Wheelchair accessible Mixed with non-senior housing Energy efficient Equipped with elevators, door handles for arthritic hands, emergency pull cords, rails in bathrooms, walk-in tubs with no-slip coating, limited stairs (short and low), colors to heighten vision. b Services to help elderly age-in-place include: Congregate meals, service providers for in-home needs, nutrition, housekeeping, transportation, medical services provided on site, and counseling for age-related problems. 2. Persons with Mental Disabilities The following supportive housing are desirable for this population: 0 Apartment complex to allow people to transition to independent living 0 Group home facilities to teach independent living b Support services such as case management, nutrition, budgeting and basic housekeeping 0 Housing in safe areas close to public transportation and stores 119 0 Community rooms for social activities �•• 0 Affordable permanent housing to very low income persons 3. Persons with PhysicallDevelopmental Disabilities The following supportive housing are desirable for this population: Housing which is: 0 Affordable to very low and low income disabled persons 0 Wheelchair accessible 0 Equipped with roll-in showers, grip bars, ceiling fans with extended cords, low sinks and light switches, automatic door openers. 0 Close to public transportation and stores. 4. Persons with Alcohol or Other Drug Addictions Persons with alcohol and other drug addictions often,because of the behavioral reinforcement their condition requires,need supportive transitional housing after their initial rehabilitation in order to "practice" their rehabilitated lifestyle. Many require job referral services and educational guidance. 5. Persons with AIDS/HIV+ and Other Related Diseases Persons who are HIV positive are a serious "at risk" population in the Los Angles metropolitan area. As with the homeless population, however, this population is largely invisible to any sort of population census. People who are in this population group become "visible" at the point when they are in most acute need of housing and supportive services. Suitability of Existing Units for Special Needs Populations As special needs populations become a greater focus for cities around the nation, the ability to track their needs and develop targeted programs for that population's improvement increases. E. NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC PLAN STATEMENT OF NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES The City of San Bernardino is committed to expanding economic opportunities for its residents. The 120 APO, Action Plan contains over$800,000 in CDBG funding for economic development activities during the 1995-96 program year. During the 1994-95 program year,there were not any such expenditures. In addition to providing a suitable living environment with decent housing, the Community Development Block Grant Program is to encourage and support the development of a balanced, diverse community by and expanding economic opportunities, principally for persons of low and moderate income. Based on community input during the Consolidated Plan development process and the information contained in the Non-housing Community Development Needs Analysis section, the following is a summary of the short and long term non-housing goals activities which may be pursued by the City of San Bernardino over the next five year period. 1. The elimination of slums and blight; the prevention of blighting influences and the deterioration of property; 2. The elimination of conditions which area detrimental to health, safety, and public welfare through the development of neighborhood and community facilities; the funding of public service programs,principally for persons of low and moderate income; public improvements and related activities; 3. The conservation and expansion of the Nation's housing stock in order to provide a decent home and a suitable living environment for all persons; and to affirmatively further fair housing, principally for low and moderate income persons; 4. The expansion and improvement of the quantity and quality of community services, principally for persons of low and moderate income,which are essential for sound community development; 5. The reduction of the isolation of income groups within communities and geographical areas and the promotion of an increase in the diversity and vitality of neighborhoods through the spatial deconcentration of housing opportunities for persons of lower income and the revitalization of deteriorating or deteriorated neighborhoods to attract persons of higher income; 6. The restoration and preservation of properties of special value for historic, architectural, or aesthetic reasons; 7. The alleviation of physical and economic distress through the stimulation of private investment and community revitalization in areas with population out-migration or a stagnating or declining tax base; and 8. The conservation of the Nation's scarce energy resources,improvement of energy efficiency, and the provision of alternative and renewable energy sources. 9. The provision of administrative capacity to implement the City's CDBG program and fair housing services, and the provision of funding for planning studies. 121 SAN BERNARDINO'S ECONOMIC PRIORITIES This background leads to the conclusions that San Bernardino should give priority to economic strategies that encourage the diversity,prosperity and expansion of those basic activities with growth potential. With political effort, staff time, and the Redevelopment Agency's (RDA) resources scarce, any other set of priorities flies in the face of fundamental economic reality. These theoretical discussions become more graphic when past decisions are classified as basic or secondary: 1. Subsidies to firms and activities such as AHSL, Santa Fe Railroad, Rout 66 Rendezvous, Restaurant Row, Cobra Industries, or the regional malls expand the economic base. 2. Subsidies to housing projects which hold the employees of basic or secondary industries in the city ensure that an expansion of the economic base has its full local impact. 3. Subsidies to general city services or retail operations such as the 40th Street shopping center, the South "E" Street retail complex or Jersey's largely do not expand the economic base. 4. Subsidies to housing projects which favor rental units populated by aid recipients or retirees at the expense of workers have an essentially negative impact on the economic base. Decisions to undertake the latter two groups of activities may be justified on other grounds. However, as they do not expand the economic base, they should not dominate the scarce time of policy makers, staff members of the RDA's limited financing capability. The opposite often occurs as proponents of essentially secondary tier activities are nearly always local people. EXPANDING SAN BERNARDINO'S ECONOMIC BASE A review of the six activities which form San Bernardino's economic base (see section#B)reveals three upon which most of the city's economic development energy should be focused. Working from the weakest to the strongest: 1. Retirees 2. Aid Recipients As an older urban city,one of San Bernardino's growing problems is the increasing importance which retirees and governmental aid recipients play in its economic base. This can be inferred from 1990 Census data which showed that 30%of city households earned below$15,000. It can also be seen in the growing number of detached homes which have been converted to low income rentals. 122 While these two groups have become a major source of outside funds for San Bernardino,neither will provide it with a strong base for economic expansion. 1. Local retirees,unlike those in places like Hemet or Palm Springs, tend to have lower incomes that do not grow as fast as inflation. 2. Aid recipients, if anything,will see their incomes fall in the current political climate. In fact,the growing importance of these activities to San Bernardino's economic base is a sure sign of weakening economy and long term problems in the city's secondary tier of firms and agencies. 3. Non-Local Government The closure of Norton Air Force Base was a major blow to San Bernardino because its payroll and purchases represented a major share of the funds flowing to the city from the outside world. The loss of federal bankruptcy courts to the City of Riverside will represent a smaller such problem in the future. On the positive side, the opening side of the Defense Finance and Accounting Center in San Bernardino will add to the city's economic base. So also will any increase in new state payrolls from the State Building complex being constructed downtown, and any increases in Cal State University SB's budget. Unfortunately, over the next decade, budgetary problems at the state and federal level will prevent non-local government from becoming a major force in expanding the flow of dollars into San Bernardino's economic base. 4. Commuters and Other Resident Workers While it is disruptive to families,a major source of outside dollars to the Inland Empire economy has been its commuter work force. According to the 1990 Census, 238,600 out of 1,000, 000 area workers drove to Los Angeles, Orange and San Diego Counties and brought back pay checks. In San Bernardino,commuters,even those driving to nearby cities,have not provided a major impetus for growth in the city's economic base. The problem has been one of housing. Developers have built very few new homes in the city during recent years. And, for a variety of reasons, the city's existing detached housing stock has increasingly been converted to rentals. As a result,potential buyers have not located in the city. This is unfortunate. In an era in which families are desperate for affordable housing,the city's low priced homes should have been a lure for continuous flow of young workers, including commuters. After all,San Bernardino has the lowest priced housing in Southern California. From Jan-94 to Sep -94 for instance,the average existing city home sold for$99,258 (including all of 92346). This was 22%below the San Bernardino County average of$128,007,and 58%below the Los Angeles County average of$233,381. 123 Since 1990, San Bernardino's low priced housing has lured people to the city, giving it the Inland Empire's highest population growth(20,236). However, it was low income tenants who dominated this growth,not workers, since much of the affordable housing was bought by landlords. As a result, a potential community asset has become a liability, taxing social services increasing the crime rate. Worse, to the extent that landlords are not local residents,their profits have been a drain on the city's economic base. Looking forward, the vast potential for the affordable housing stock to lure young workers and commuters to the San Bernardino still remains. What is needed is a comprehensive strategy designed to encourage landlords to sell and owner occupants to buy in the community. 5. Firm Which Produce and Export Products 6. Firms Which Export Services San Bernardino's best chance for expanding its economic base lies with high paying firms which either produce goods locally for sale outside the city, or supply services to clients outside of it. This is particularly the case where their employees reside in the city. The potential is revealed by recent Inland Empire trends in the non-defense manufacturing and "export" service sectors. Since 1990, 24,500 jobs (+11.4%) were created in these sectors. Another 10,7000 will be added in 1995, and growth should accelerate from there. Existing firms and companies migrating to the region are both contributing to these trends. THE ECONOMIC STRATEGY Given this analysis, and recognizing that San Bernardino like other cities has finite resources, the city's economic strategy must contain several elements: 1. It must concentrate on basic not secondary activities,as these provide the funds which allow the balance of the economy to grow and survive. 2. Of the basic activities,it should stress those with the maximum likelihood of fostering economic growth. 3. It must include housing programs that encourage workers to live and spend in the community, as the significance its economic base is diminished if they do not. 4. As economic expansion requires access to modern transportation and communications infrastructure, it must cultivate investments in each. 5. It should aim at convincing existing "export" firms to remain in the city as they are a primary source of employment growth and best advocates for other firms to join them. 6. It should aim at using the existing competitive advantages of the city to lure new 124 "export" firms into its base. 7. Those retailers who receive the preponderance of their revenue from outside of the city should be treated as part of the economic base and encouraged in the same manner as "export" goods or service firms. 8. It should seek to overcome the obstacles to community decision making that have inhibited the city's efficiency and economic growth. A set of strategies addressing each of these elements is outlined below. In each case, a goal is established and justified and specific policy recommendations are made. INFRASTRUCTURE Firms located in San Bernardino must have access to a well advanced infrastructure system. Much of this is currently in place. Part of it is under development. 1. The I-215,1-10,Rout 30,Rout 330 loop provides firms with ready access to freeways linking them to markets in Los Angeles, Orange and San Diego markets,plus Mexico and the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. 2. In a very real sense, San Bernardino is the water capital of Southern California. Unfortunately, the city's vast water supply is hidden underground and is only well known to people immediately concerned with it. Action#9. - San Bernardino should designate itself the Water Capital of Southern California. This slogan should appear on all marketing materials. To highlight, the city should undertake a long term program of bringing its water above ground in fountains in key spots all over the community. Imagine the impact if every visitor to San Bernardino saw huge fountains everywhere: In dead space in front of Carousel Mall, as Inland Center Mall, along Hospitality Lane, in front of every major hotel, in every shopping center, in every park, at all the entry ways into the city. 3. San Bernardino's unique geothermal resource has niche market applications. Unfortunately, there is some question as to theextent of the field. Those questions must be answered. Action#10. - It should be a priority for San Bernardino to acquire funding and conduct a study on the extent of its geothermal resource. If it is as extensive as many believe, it should become the center of a major niche marketing campaign. The experience of AHSL,shows the commercial viability of the city's geothermal resource. Not only is it warm, allowing commercial laundries to avoid the cost of heating and associated air quality regulations, it is also soft, avoiding the costs of adding and later removing softeners. If the resource 125 proves out, one wonders whether commercial laundries should be located anywhere else in Southern California. 4. Fiber optics are the key to modern telecommunications. Recently, GTE announced its intention of expanding its fiber optic network in the city. The more extensive these investments, the more viable the city becomes as a location for sophisticated high value added service companies. Action#11. - San Bernardino should work closely with GTE and other telecommunications firms to encourage them to expand their investments in the city. RDA should continue its efforts to link itself to the Internet. The city should join efforts designed to provide high speed video data links between all of the county's governmental agencies. 5. Intermodal transportation has become the key to goods distribution in the United States. San Bernardino is fortunate that Santa Fe Railroad has decided to expand its intermodal capability in the city. It gives the town an advantage over other jurisdictions competing for goods production and distribution firms. Action#12.- San Bernardino should do whatever it canto assist Santa Fe Railroad in gaining the approvals necessary to expand it intermodal operation. Santa Fe Railroad has made the expansion of its intermodal yards in San Bernardino one of the top priorities in its rail system. Owing to the level of ground congestion in Los Angeles County, this expansion will tremendously increase the quantity of cargo flowing to the city. Being a hub of this type can only serve to increase the number of jobs associated with transportation,manufacturing and trucking industry that are located in the city. 6. In many respects,the future of goods production, storage and movement at and near the San Bernardino International Airport is the future of San Bernardino's economy. Outstanding progress has been made in achieving regional cooperation at the site and beginning the process of linking it to the rest of the region's transportation system. No action items are recommended in this arena as it is already the top priority for the region; one that now appears to be developing in a coherent fashion. SPECIFIC NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS In order to provide for the development of specific non-housing activities in support of the goals and objectives described above, the following specific needs may be met through the CDBG program. 1. The continuation of the City's ongoing efforts to design and construct streets and sidewalks needed to improve the living environments and prevent the deterioration of the transportation infrastructure in low/moderate neighborhoods. 2. The provision of community-based police protection in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. 126 0 3. The provision of financial assistance to private non-profit organizations whose purpose is to provide services (i.e. day care)to low-and moderate-income and disadvantaged individuals. 4. Elimination of the blighting influence of graffiti from low/moderate- income neighborhoods. 5. The provision of park improvements in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. 6. The provision of incentives for the rehabilitation of historic properties and the elimination of structural deficiencies is needed to prevent and eliminate blight, blighting influences, and conditions detrimental to public health and safety. 7. The rehabilitation of several facilities to comply with the American Disabilities Act. 8. The continuation of the City's ongoing efforts to design and construct storm drains needed to improve the living environment and prevent flooding in low/moderate neighborhoods. 9. Provisions of loans through the Section 108 Loan Program to encourage the construction of commercial and industrial centers to continue job creation for the economic empowerment of low-moderate-income. 127 J I SUMMARY OF ELIGIBLE HOUSING AND ,NON-HOUSING ACTIVITIES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT FUNDING Acquisition of Real Property Public Services Removal of Architectural Barriers Commercial or Industrial Rehabilitation Disposition Costs Interim Assistance Housing Rehabilitation Special Economic Development Public Facilities&Improvements Relocation of Displaced Residents New Housing Construction Special Activities by Subrecipients Privately-Owned Utilities Loss of Rental Income Code Enforcement Planning&Capacity Building Program Administrative Costs Clearance Costs Historic Preservation Other Activities Examples of projects that may be funded are: 1. Acquisition,construction, rehabilitation,or installation of certain publicly owned facilities such as: Parks,playgrounds and recreational facilities Senior Centers Centers for the handicapped Neighborhood facilities Fire protection facilities and equipment Parking facilities Street improvements Flood, drainage, or sewer facilities Public and private utilities 2. Acquisition of property that is: of historic value;appropriate for beautification or conservation of open spaces; appropriate for low or moderate income housing. 3. Clearance and demolition of buildings and land which may be a health hazard to the community. Interim assistance or temporary help to alleviate harmful or dangerous conditions. 4. Removal of architectural barriers which restrict the mobility of handicapped persons. 5. Rehabilitation and preservation of buildings and improvements, both publicly and privately owned. Authorizes the County's acquisition and rehabilitation financing of private properties, as well as code enforcement and historic preservation activities. , 6. Economic development activities. 7. Planning and environmental design costs. S. Housing development/rehabilitation activities. 9. Public service activities, including but not limited to: Child care Health care Public safety services Fair housing activities 128 I Job training Services for senior citizens Recreation programs Services for homeless persons Education programs Drug abuse counseling and treatment 10. The provision of assistance to private,for-profit entities to carry out appropriate economic development projects. . a. The project shall minimize to the extent practicable,displacement of existing businesses and jobs in neighborhoods. b. The project must create or retain jobs for low and moderate income persons;prevent or eliminate slums and blight;meet urgent needs; create or retain businesses owned by community residents; assist businesses that provide goods or services needed by, and affordable to, low and moderate income residents; or provide technical assistance to promote any of these activities. C. An analysis to determine the "appropriateness" of a project must be made as described under this portion of the regulations. F. OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO AFFORDABLE HOUSING In order to remove or improve any negative effects that may result from public policies discussed in the preceding section, the City of San Bernardino intends to pursue the following course of action during the next five years: 1. Maintain a dialogue with developers, and the citizenry involved in housing projects to assist the City in making the best planning, infrastructure and development decisions. 2. Continue to work towards increasing public awareness and acceptance of the need for affordable housing throughout the City. G. LEAD-BASED PAINT,REDUCTION STRATEGY The overall goal of the five year strategy is to reduce or eliminate lead-based paint hazards and prevent childhood lead poisoning. A long-term strategy to reduce lead-based paint poisoning _ should include the development and integration of comprehensive health, environmental and housing programs that can effectively address lead hazards. Actual programmatic, coordinated efforts regarding testing of children for lead or lead-based paint abatement rests primarily with City health and housing and community development programs and staff. This data, along with the 129 estimates determined through the CHAS development process, has driven the objectives within the five year lead-based paint abatement strategy. These strategy contains five parts: 1. Coordinating public and private efforts to reduce lead-based paint hazards and protect young children. Establish an interagency work group and develop a public-private task force to coordinate and provide direction for prevention activities. 2. Integrate Lead Hazard Evaluation and Reduction Activities into Existing Housing Programs.Integrate lead hazard evaluation and reduction activities into existing housing programs. Integrate activities to identify and reduce lead hazards with all government- assisted rehabilitation activities. 3. Develop Technical Capacity to Address Lead-Based Paint Hazards. Develop a core of environmental specialists who can ensure that the technical aspects of assessment and lead hazard reduction are managed appropriately. 4. Promote Comprehensive Public Health Programs. Support the development of programs with capability for screening, follow-up of children identified as lead poisoned, public education and prevention. 5. Education and Advocacy. Work with appropriate agencies to seek lead-based paint hazards reductions to protect the public. Clearly communicate the extent of the lead problem and the measures to be taken to reduce risk and protect health. Also, advocate for increased federal, state and local funding, as appropriate, to finance lead hazard abatement and reduction activities. -. -POVERTY STRATEGY H. ANTI The Anti-Poverty Strategy requires taking into account factors affecting poverty over which the jurisdiction has control. Poverty thresholds are revised annually to allow for changes in the cost of living as reflected in the Consumer Price Index. The average poverty threshold for a family of four persons was $12,674 for 1989. Poverty thresholds are applied on a national basis and are not adjusted for regional, state or local variations in the cost of living. For the purpose of this discussion, the "poverty line" will be set at $12,674. In 1990 the City of San Bernardino had 7,613 families living below the poverty line or 20% of all families in the City. Some of these families are currently assisted by County General Relief, AFDC or through emergency assistance programs. There are a few structured programs, usually administered at the county level, specifically targeting households in poverty and assisting these households in improving their long-term financial and social positions, eventually bringing them out of poverty. 130 Assisting Impoverished Households to Achieve Economic Independence Economic independence for targeted needs groups is accomplished through the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA), federal funds provided for job training of high-risk youth, unemployed adults and other economically disadvantaged individuals. This program is administered by the IHousing Authority. All services are provided at no cost to the participants and are designed to prepare participants for entry into permanent jobs. Eligible participants include persons that meet income guidelines that are: o Youths (14 to 21 years of age). o Older persons (55 or older) who are experiencing substantial difficulty obtaining employment. o Persons with disabilities who are having difficulty obtaining employment. o Displaced workers dislocated due to plant closure or mass layoffs (income limits may not apply). Services rendered include classroom training, on-the-job training, and youth employment programs. Depending on the person's needs, supportive services may be available, such as transportation allowances, child care allowances, emergency food assistance, or other special services. The City of San Bernardino has begun a pilot program to integrate job training with the City rehabilitation programs. For each rehabilitation project, up to three persons are selected and provided with construction training during the rehabilitation project. This program can provide job training at up to seven sites at a time, therefore providing job training to as many as 21 people. The City is investigating the expansion of this program to new construction projects. Family Self-Sufficiency Program The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has instituted a new program called Family Self-Sufficiency (FSS). The goal of the FSS program is to identify and remove economic barriers and make each household independent of the housing assistance programs. The FSS program is administered by local Housing Authorities. HUD has determined that Housing Authorities each must initially assist between 25 and 50 households under FSS. Through the FSS program, a network of employers, social service agencies, and educational institutions is developed to provide each participating household with job skills and social services to: 1). Increase the household's income; 2). Make the household self-sufficient; and 3). Eliminate the household's need for rental assistance. 1 131 I The participating household signs an agreement to work over a five-year period toward becoming self-sufficient. In exchange for the household's commitment and work, the Housing Authority evaluates the household's specific needs and determines factors that are detrimental to the family's self-sufficiency. The Housing Authority provides a sequence of services to increase the households income. These services might include education, employment training, language training, interviewing skills training, childcare services, and/or transportation services, depending on the households needs. Appropriate social service providers and education institutions have been contacted regarding the feasibility of their providing services to FSS program participants. Tenant Counseling. The City of San Bernardino has recognized a need among multiple-family rental households for tenant counseling and education on personal finance, budgeting, job training and household maintenance. The City intends to develop a program to address this need in the next five years. Los Padrinos Community Coalition. This program has been developed to provide gang suppression counseling and job training to at-risk youth. The program includes pro-active graffiti removal and clean-up through a twenty-four hour hotline in order to address slum-blight. Coordinating Goals with Other Programs and Services. The City is confidant that the current services it provides through the JPTA and FSS are significant and well-integrated. Currently, there are no plans to change the existing successful course. Coordinating Services. The City of San Bernardino will continue to meet with public and other assisted housing providers and private and governmental health, mental health, and service agencies to use all available resources to their maximum levels of effectiveness to provide for needy San Bernardino residents. Meetings between these parties will occur regularly throughout the fiscal year to endorse applications for funding and to discuss cooperative ventures as they present themselves. I. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE` The Housing Division will continue to aggressively attract housing development and through extensive surveys and market analyses will ensure that all development will be completed in harmony with the State Housing Element and CHAS goals. During FY 1994, specific actions will be taken to achieve cooperation and coordination among state, local, and private agencies or institutions in implementing activities. ""` The City coordinates the development and execution of a regional homeless assistance plan with a Countywide Homeless Coalition and a Local Coordinating Group. Participation in the groups includes non-profit service providers, County Board of Supervisors, County Department of Public 132 Social Services, County Department of Mental Health, County Department of Public Health, Realtors, the AFL-CIO, Veterans, the Building Industry Association, Habitat for Humanity, local colleges and job training groups. The participation of the City in this cooperative effort enables and facilitates delivery of homeless services and resources through effective networking. In addition, any development of homeless services outside the city limits serves to lessen the City's homeless problems. Intergovernmental cooperative efforts. The City is currently participating in the following cooperative governmental efforts: a). The Development Department is currently negotiating with the City of Riverside for the lease of approximately 25 acres for the construction of a mobile home park. b). The Development Department is also working with the various City departments and the Inland Valley Development Agency in the revitalization of the Arden-Gutherie area, to renovate and improve 736 units comprised of fourplexes. c). The City proposes to actively facilitate enhanced communication with government agencies, non-profit organizations, realtors, developers, and the lending community. J. COORDINATION There is not currently any providers of public housing or any public housing units in San Bernardino. The City continues to work with owners of assisted housing that is "at risk" to preserve those housing units. The City will continue to work with government health, mental health and service agencies to identify needs in the City and coordinate resources to help meet the community's needs. The City coordinates the development and execution of a regional homeless assistance plan with a Countywide Homeless Coalition and a Local Coordinating Group. Participation in the groups includes non-profit service providers, County Board of Supervisors, County Department of Public Social Services, County Department of Mental Health, County Department of Public Health, Realtors, the AFL-CIO, Veterans, the Building Industry Association, Habitat for Humanity, local colleges and job training groups. The participation of the City in this cooperative effort enables and facilitates delivery of homeless services and resources'through effective networking. In addition, any development of homeless services outside the city limits serves to lessen the City's homeless problems. Intergovernmental cooperative efforts. The City is currently participating in the following cooperative governmental efforts: a). The Development Department is currently negotiating with the City of Riverside for the lease of approximately 25 acres for the construction of a mobile home park. 133 b). The Development Department is also working with the various City departments and the Inland Valley Development Agency in the revitalization of the Arden-Gutherie area, to renovate and improve 736 units comprised of fourplexes. c). The City proposes to actively facilitate enhanced communication with government agencies, non-profit organizations, realtors, developers, and the lending community. K.. PUBLIC HOUSING RESIDENT INITIATIVES As indicated in previous parts of the Plan, the City of San Bernardino does not own any public housing. Therefore, it is not possible to assist residents in purchasing such housing. Public Housing Improvements The Housing Authority of San Bernardino owns and manages 1,808 units of public housing for occupancy by very low-income families who pay no more than 30 percent of their monthly income for rent. The agency's public housing program includes: a). 1,111 units, on twelve sites in five cities, funded by HUD; b). 564 units, single family and small clusters, (generally no more than 6 to 12 units) on 145 sites throughout the County of San Bernardino and funded by HUD; and : c). 34 units in Mentone, funded through the State Rental Housing Construction Program. Other rental housing units owned and managed by the Housing Authority include 51 units of Senior Citizen housing funded by the Rental Housing Construction Program; and 48 units of senior citizen housing in Montclair utilizing County of San Bernardino and Housing Authority funds. There are currently over 3,000 households on the waiting list for the Public Housing Program. This does not necessarily identify the need, as many interested and eligible families do not apply because of the two-to-three year waiting period. Approximately 45 participants drop out of the program each month, or 540 each year. The Housing Authority received a new allocation to acquire 88 additional public housing units in 1992. The Housing Authority of San Bernardino is currently constructing a 51 unit public senior housing complex. These units will be completed in Spring 1993. Initiatives Management. The County Housing Authority has an organized Resident Advisory Group for each public housing site. These groups have received a $40,000 grant from HUD to support their 134 involvement. In addition, they are in the process of becoming incorporated as private non-profit organizations. In regards to the management of their housing units, these groups have become active in the administration of the on-site community centers, locating and scheduling programs. These groups are also developing their capacity so that in the next few years they can become more active in other aspects of the management of their housing. Homeownership. The City, in cooperation with the County Housing Authority, has included in its resource statement that it will support the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino's efforts in applying and receiving HOPE 1 and 2 funds for planning and administration. This will include residents training in skilled labor, property management, financial management and the creation of resident non-profit organizations. When these supportive programs are in place, residents will undertake structured curriculums on training in home care and maintenance, personal financial planning and debt management and receive certificates for successful completion of classes. After graduation, tenant will be assisted with job placement. The Housing Authority of the San Bernardino County's effort in residents initiatives is in a conceptual stage. In FY 1993, emphasis is anticipated to be placed on the planning and implementation of the Public Housing Resident's initiatives program. f �a«r.- �..�.„w?,;,.:..�x 3^. ''xa yak +'€ e' -3•�}"b•R -a a ! s a �L' �W �� "aY r a; r ,�� CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO= � a ra""'ga ,3'�t s' . 'v i��'3's `"�-a ..cam �u-,xy; `4 Kt .y, s- s"k .' .'u` 2 !"t' =4de.�. r Priority #5 Assist Homeless and Special Needs Persons with ' • *M .r�33 vt.t",�"fy r.� 'mh� `r,���9 e t,�{,'M1 x. N e v�•?�S` - .•+`• �. . .Supportive Services;Programs . .. Activity Funding Planned Households to be Undertaken Source Funding Assisted Emergency Shelter Grant Program ESG $ 40,000 3,0001 Rent/Deposit Guarantee Program RDA Set-Aside $ 100,000 133 Transitional Housing Labor In-kind Mentor Program RDA Set-Aside contribution 30 Frazee Community Center HOME $350,000 8 Battered Women's Shelter CDBG $ 150,000 400 Senior Assistance Programs-Mobile RDA Set-Aside ,$ 100,000 160 Home Rent Subsidy Mobile Home Inspection Program RDA Set-Aside $ 100,000 100 Utility Assistance Program RDA Set-Aside $ 12,000 2 shelters Childcare Facilities CMO $ 98,000 Source: City of San Bernardino Development Department staff estimates. ` This number is duplicated since a household may spend more than one night in a shelter. 135 Geographic Distribution. The Housing Division will concentrate most of its rehabilitation programs and activities within the City's identified "focus neighborhoods". However, activity outside of these "focus" areas (in the ten (10) designated redevelopment areas, among others) is strongly encouraged and eligible program applicants will receive full City support. The identified "focus" neighborhoods are currently located within the northeast and West Side areas of the City. These areas were selected for concentrated effort primarily due to slum and blight. The Arden-Gutherie neighborhood, made up of 736 units/184 fourplexes, is experiencing a 75 percent vacancy rate and has no overall project management. A high percentage of units are managed by absentee landlords. The surrounding infrastructure, from the sidewalks to the sewer lines, has experienced a high level of deferred maintenance similar to the level visible in the units themselves. There is a severe level of gang activity and drug traffic in this focus neighborhood. The City is currently working with the Resolution Trust Corporation to purchase and rehabilitate at least 24 units with affordable housing funds for subsequent management by a local non-profit organization. The West Side is likewise a concentrated area of slum and blight (State Street "focus" neighborhood), with an older housing stock and transitional character to the neighborhood. The lack of curbs, gutters, and sidewalks will be addressed for repair with CDBG funds. The City believes that with aggressive rehabilitation and a comprehensive neighborhood improvement effort, these two "focus" areas can be fully revitalized and stabilized. Service Delivery and Management. The current five year strategy incorporates all funding sources: federal, state, local, tax increment and private developer financing. These funds create single and multiple family housing, as well as senior housing and other identified special needs construction. The types of housing which will receive the greatest level of City advocacy will be housing for the elderly, handicapped, special needs populations and low and moderate income families. The Housing Division staff will focus Ion all of these new construction, rehabilitation and special needs housing issues. Numerous projects require the need to involve private developers, as well as non-profit developers, in order to enhance affordable housing in the City. Only the Development Department through its special governmental structure can adequately utilize all sources of funding and work with private developers, as well as non-profit developers, to help realize its housing goals. The Agency is able to establish and implement agreements with developers and provide gap financing, 136 construction financing, and second deeds of trust for first time homebuyers programs. This is coupled with the implementation of rehabilitation programs, rent subsidies for mobile home parks, infill housing, and manufactured housing projects which provide affordable housing in the City. The Development Department, which is in charge of housing production in the City, will continue to coordinate housing projects with various institutions which affect its five-year strategy. Areas such as special needs programs and services will be coordinated with affordable housing projects to ensure that all resources are utilized in meeting the department's affordable housing production goals. Ar 137 -- VII. ACTION PLAN y y c � O 'C E L a) C O N Gin C. C. 7 2 O` E O 0 C a v O cV U V ((D Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 O O O 00 0 0 00 O O O 0 O O Z °o c Z N N N N N N y d d a) C rV. EA to EA 69 fR EH ER 69 0 0 rn rn n ate = cc ate = F- c c w ¢ O U- J �' (� w w y Q _ m � t� n� p~pQ yfQ- o o o � 2 cU) 0 0 Ow a = ` O E i = . 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D 0 O o E O a) '0 , N = _ = U (n J N a ui ° � Qf 2 � O O F- V V N O O r cn �' OL O O n.J rn N r C a) 'C E Q) N t C O N O L a CL a =3 o 0 E 0 >-a 0 o LO QN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O 00 O O 00 O C) � Z O O O Z O N CT C6 N N M C- 61.1, Ef) ffl Efl 4911 6C? EA V? 0 ER 69 EA 69 fA 69 64 Qw =O 7 tm O C J m cn Q =o2 `N IQ- c2 � c C7w � � � NQ Caw � � �' mQ L = m2 (3am < A2 o m2iQCLMQ Fn o 000) 02 u� 0 E ii 00 U) a` U = w = cna- < P a CL 0 a>i 0 w r.. = N V J �N O v Q L. M C CL o O ca d U o � w c � w O L ? :+ u•) OO Z 0 O� Z LLJ t N , w cn . w v. m m 0_ a M U t`i w LL1 U) O U � W W `? �W O oa p [n o F- .rUw = L NZ ? N Nw = N 2 .. w -0 p O — E , Q O } Z Z Z �iU Odu) Z Z ZLOU V. R CL n ca c (D L E cn CD o w o v w o c o c ° w fl or a o cn � »: aNi 0 U v > Q • a) U v a o tmN c Q0 U) o a00E N a > U) d E a N 0 = C O ` �O N O r+ c to Q s ca N > ^ Z o nL- c -° Nor m m N > a0i Z Q 'X y 3 0 E d x -0 L O C E C O L O y = O 'a m .L-. >O, = of +_ O U C c0 pm O a) = a) to o > a"�i c E 3 c :: c ai c 3 c r 0 N C C = N it d 7 O O — j L � = N +. a) to h E 0a a) ° E ` mom •a c c U rn o 0 m CL .c t Z rno Q E E a43wz '1 o m o D c. ... .. o M " d L a d 0 N N of ` 'o m o " D y w L Q Q 0.M �O A q 'o 5 D E o cD d d m 0 � o cco (D t � � � c d m m i � o CD N a` �°- H 00 n w x x x U cn .� cn F- E ca a ca x x x U cn J � m C (6 o F- U v LO C C eo to O c0 O) �� n -A rn c m t O CL N N O f Q) O _ Q) CL n. CL a o E 0 O D- o a CD U O V C O Q O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O C) p Z O O O O p O O O Z O O N O O O N CV N N <V h h d � C i vll) E9 69 (fl 64 63 ER 69 C to 64 Efl 63 69 EA EH 69 ° O m a) rn 0) J c N v0 1 Q =a2 1- c a w ¢ Oti � � } OW BOLL m O d m Q L F o m O W U] Q N H `o 0Oc) O � = U) 000) 0 = cn0 c E u. U = w = cnn ¢ t- a U = w = cnaQE- a CL 0 p � w d E 1-- H C N V J •J -- C Q �fn O O O _ CC. w O (`9 cn m U c � w � � w d CD W O O w Q. (� O� Z J Z LLJ n. c w N 02 O_ d a U N U N W W S = o U tea, c�W � a �W w- O m � � c CO e- 00 H CU r+ ' V O N W U N N O w CD n !!) L O 0 0 0 0 ) 7 ti O a) O ti J = Q c) Z Z Zc~nU o = cn Z >- ZcnU a O N -0 m vi n a ° Cow. � Z N c a L n� o W c E LIJ O d p N pj 0 0 7 O N O O C � U c o '� �. c n c co N c`• c` co �' ca E n. ° n. N cn = O F: N fn w .; �' 7 • N O c -o a) d V v CL N m o m m n U O ° •�- � Q O Q w d c U o 0 U N o V C p h > U O V a O N a d c.. > O ° N c m c N Z cn cu ca to ° = CL aZi Q T cNO rn C 3 c :: m 3 v aci a3i o to c d �_ 3 N 6 .� d d o c O — c t m N .-. � = N w a7 C U U N r N U .� a C 4) 0 0 0 m (U � a) U a) � ` d O f6 C, c LO a)O cn N o N a) E a ;� r Z c°, o >, o N E cu a w Z ac i E m a 0.CL `�° ,N N C. C. C.m c ° C N L � � C. C. C.m M V m p a v) � O d d d n o � rn •L 0 'E o d a SO o C) b WU) H m m w caa `a) SSSt) cnJ UQ F- N — E S SSU cnJ N � m na O n 1- l V (D ~ c c ) o ao C S S fl- -A rn N r C d a 61 d t L N y L 0 = O 4. a- cL O o E o }. U O N Q fh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O C) p C Z O O O Z O O O O O O C- C• d O d EA EA EA Ef? tR 6ek EH 44 0 613 EH 69 vl1 to Efl EA Eq 0 CD cm J c' m in Qa2 iQ- c = QO � j } LL w aCi = 0OOOm = (1) oOU) =) = vi0 0 LL U = w = wC. ¢ 1- a U = w = cna- < a a 0 m p p - w F- ndw: °'v J = F- N'0 o a p p U L O a0 W T T C d t9 O a •p N F- N �_ C a d U o u ° lz U N y ti _j Z Z ti w N W �= a .1 U N W 2 �w co U = c o 03 V W �°.w Q) m w 00 C w oZ L NZ F- �V H n W> w Nw o LO O )E n. J z Z Z L o z ZLo0 r-U a U U _ N n g o = o cn Co c Z v U E ° W ca 0 m N O N p C O o c- c � " N ai n U U p co 0 0) V n n U 0 N Q > O O a. Q t N O ^ O d d 'O Z > U O> 7 y 2 E y O CM r p ° c o d t 0 o CL C CL 0 to C t 61 = a d N y N d o d O C 0 O d O C U U 0 O d 0 O m CO y c c`a m m m n O C d a cl N N N 0 s 0. 'C a N N fn O (A -'4 C. C C.m N O m 0. ca C (7 0 d n C V o C)C14 D >. NJ cn o y = _ = V cnJ � m na co rn C = a;ia Of OT O o ui Lh b J O Q) a. m a� OWN to c Q) m c U c -a E a 0 N 0 O CL rL 0 n O a U O V a0 Q O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O z co ao a0 z O O O cl l7 M 04 N N r r r h N a) d c i V9, EH EA 69} EH E9 «T ff> 0 EA Eft EA EA ER ER fR O O m m J m to < LE5 F- c c a� CAW � 0LL � Q Ow � F- NQ c � (D mQ P o oOcUi� 0 � 2 n0 0 c N u0. � � w0 v=i � Q � n`. U2w2cnCL ¢ F- a CL 0 Q p p > w wd fl y w N O J -a fn O CO p LO p - flcd O O N W O w CL c? OJz °' Jz 0 t N .�.m (n ' m ci -0 �' w C14 w c o U ( w 0 w m m OU U N cV w O W a)fl N r+ O O O O O J m (U O O O ti J U Q oaLn z zLO o = z zLU cc O cn a) Q� N C: ❑ >' nm .- mo c c ca -0 a) o a -o S N a� N (D o v Co c v w ❑ c) — CL c = ° w 0- Q o 'o o ° D U V .N -- •-I w N O U CL C- C O Z U N N (n .w_+ O O O t N (n O C L N > N ❑ U U -0 C f4 a) - V U t— `r N 0 C Q d a� N N a 0 0 U c Q a� a> N O n U O U D N > U a ca ,� N tNn ` ' U .E c a� N O .. C ❑ m (n >o o o N 2 z >o c c E N = ` 0 a� 'a O am L O o N o 0 Q n _ _ n .. C) cn 3 n c o a O 0 O a3i o C p 3 m ca m 0) t a� o c .. o Q? N 0 ca o 0 m o a Q c � aa) ° � � 'a i t s `° n. C •- c c o Co � o a 'c awwz O c ° a .� °' •. •• Z •0- �,� co V > a) C a) mo = 'U O N N N C7 Q w+ n U n O N N N 0 a) t0 o m Z N >. '> n- c Z 0. 0. n op c N .Z " _° c. 0. L °� a) m d d ❑ 0 0 o s o c m a� m ❑ 0 0 oN d u. F- n .� °? m .S 2 220 wJ F- U) C: m a) 2 22U C/) -j � m ❑ 0 — o �F- vU o = c ,a) R tV � CY) r 7 O 00 `- IL`J rn a' � k a CL % § � Cl CO 0 c o o 0 0 0 0 o C C k C) q N . � § / fill, mmmmm � 44). o 0 7 E « 5 I cc o < R § -0 ■ w L 2 3 0 / I « k k 0 § LL q? b ?in ƒ k a CL $ e - 0E F- cl od 2 22 ° 2 �w0 0 am R = \ = c k� ) k � 0 / / } L 3 2 U) L 2 0 R&-i U z20 . % 07 3 co ® Ln Q £ @2 �/ � < S � kkk / / \ t e e g CL cf \ 0@ 7 c f 2 2 § - ® o - 7 0 o R s e C o .0 N G 2 / 7 " ® 2 C ° L) e _ 6 @ o q = n � / fk2 0 k £ E 7 2 ' 2 2 O v y Q C ° 0 - 2 0 o c c Q ■ / c a) 0 " y o u 4 0 0 0 a a f / c 0 C) � > 2 U . 0 f © ® \ g 0 0 0 2 M e w o o _ = o 2 � 0 cL CL k / e o k a r 6 ® ' 3 o ■ 0 2 E 2 m 2 a 7 a 'a § > _ ■ = § Q . c ( ' Lo £ e c . � ■ o ' § E e q v � ° ¥ 0 R k 2 � ' © k 2 a e n a m £ a a 0.S \ m @ � 2 % U) g 2 = 3 C)q & Q / / m ' Q) m 0 3 ƒ S 2 \ � � e 2,00 �� v0 © � � 20 CL-j % co c m in C = (1) d O 0 o a aD L a. IL 0 t7 O Q le 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 O O O 00 O O O O O C O CD Z O O O Z O O O O O O N N N N N N h d d d i 69 fA 64 6% 44 69 6% IA EH 69 EA 64 69 EH 6R? 69 O C 7 J tm FQ- C = to E" C O 0 LL. J Ur w F. U- Q v t. co 2 V) d > '° uo y 0OnOMS 0 con0 � = ui0 USwSCna ¢ ILL, u USw = cna ¢ ►- a CL 0 m p - > w dE W ' n D w c N 0 ¢ to Td = J co O^ 0 p p CL p O ca Cad U — ° w O ° �' w LL + ° m a co a� CL C14 = 0 0 >% a) co ld U) o~ F-- LU V O O Z U N N w CQ N > N p w � Q y u) p Z UJ Q oa.. U) Z Z Z +nU C) a. +i > Z +nm to a y y @ to E •- o v y C C c w CD° C DO= m 3 N O p 0 rn O o- N 0 °Z N "t E y in w O E y o _ y Q C `` y p U 'i N U d N a) y E °C U C H Q = ,o U) a) S N y d d y Q O Q p 76 N d T M c6 a) 4) V O 'O O 0 � > a> C • O a > d . X C > m E N E U y = M U) CL O a3 > C C o «+ N d N Co .r. d d o U = ° o c as E 3 c :: 'c C .. E o C o 3 c ° rn c o m co d d 0 c O C N O 0 C ca ` d 0 m m C ca CO to O V t r Z a C tV r. ¢ O O C '- a) y L w Z O O a) E L cD � a �+ ++ •C1 O CO d m Co a X d w C = N y N C7 ` 3 E a? U_ U N y N C9 ` M o � y 0 Z C ° .- a a a m ° ° o tr a� Z 'Z a a a m 0 C) %-b co C/3 F- o G u U .:? S SSU NJ Q a U) N N S SSU NJ N O'0 — O ce) v V- AIL' Q O L6 b J O O r�- ^-% CA N c a) � m t N �a� C N t O = W a CL n ° E °0 a O o 0 L ° co Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o O Ct C o Z 0 0 o Z 0 0 0 N N N N N N d d d 0 6% Efl 69 f!)- 49)- fA 69 09- 69 69 69 69 4c- 69 6,13, Vi C O m cm J m cm co Q 'v 2 Q i6 _ a) Q F' M o a� w Q C) cc LL LL c = m2 (DCL 'y Fa- o m2CDMmQ '� Fa- `o � a = � ` = `E LL n. ¢ a 0mL cna_< a CL O m p p - n_E N CD ~ ~ ° g � J Q N 0 o CL p p c� Q, w O N O o F_ a ti a - m._, N d N ^ w LO Q W r CL .+ acv OJ Z J Z a = , 111 N W t ►- d ^ N m ° a CN 00 .. W W ^ N h c0 1 j J a� :�W o ° c (D o �- o F- CU ++ > N y N W O N LLU ❑ ._ �+ a.,EE Q O2 0 } } ZthAU Ocn } Z Z iiU m ❑ a) f0 T m U y 0 M a) w v v`- - C r W c c Z m o 0 0 3 ° o o m a) tm m :. Z c N C C h " Z E 0- cg n; N fn m C N N cn +m+ O N 0 "- N ❑ U Q .2 (D C Q) N d ❑ U 7 0 - (D c (. N C a L O N G N Q > U O w y - N O w () V r d ° �' U O w O d V IA O O > .m O N � d j N tU N O y d, Fn 0 O G1 _cn U (`C ' E ' m ° �' E '3 CF w (7 O N m .0 y d Q Co N U) > N O d C 0 C M 0 0 0 m �a C > C ` d ° m �C. C rn o w °- c o a w w Z '0 ° c a) (D " E o. w r Z '� ° c� v c0 O O c0 a c N N N 0 0 +' = CT N N N a ` •) L a CL ca.m N Q. _C. Q m a. m m C. C. Q m C V O 0 : = U cnJ= = m cnJ m S2 N II O t = n + as n � — o L co _ = ;CD c co O .- LA a J O Cn C3 ca a ca ) U) C a) = N a) a E cD C' N Z a Q) O N N O CL° E CL IL a o 0 ca LO 0 cn 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 oa O O 0 0 Z o 0 0 Z CT 0 0 0 N N N N N N C- (�• a7 a) d 0 (,9 Ef3 69 6q 69 EA 6% fA 69 64 64 64 69 H} 64 iR O J c cm J m 0) 2 N Qom = cc FQ- c = cc = QO m :.i } Ow � 0U- w m � ca � F- L- .. m 00 &- rn0 0 E ii v � w � v=iaa.. Qi- a U = wSV) dQF- a CL 0 d o o - > w w n E H F- = R T d = J \ Q �N O O ` O Ica O N =d d W c W 0 t d a) ' N - ++ (� O w w Q Z O U.� Z C N , W cn W co OOw v C4 W O 04W Lu U 0 o F- U) N F- 0 �, n O cn O CD W C) a) O o m N U N w O t> U J O C J O O I O E J O a to Z Z LO U O a cn } Z Z to U R CL U �. c°n m E N U C O y LLI O O O U O C Z U 0 N O Cl)N � w = C N f6 .cn 0 d ca ` _ = Q a) SL m a) Co H Q U E > N > U CU c U)IA m co E aci 0 �` > m a to as N > d 13 0 E 0 •0 a) o °' t O o Z o r O M �' 0 0 E s = _ (D s °' cc v ° " E 3 c _ 3 r c E U 0 0 0 R •Q C a) ` d O R 'C• _ rn O E C awwZ 0 o O o ai aw z '� 0 ch d ¢ 0 a) 0 0 fn U) C9 0 a vOi O' O C N N N C9 ` m ` O 79 fd w O C d O.m v O 0 a d of O o m O st v Q o m d d O m 0 0 !E c o O G. J _j n. to U) S S S U N J - = F- cu > S S S U fn J N 0 na �. o fl - Q �? 0 co _ = 0 R rn T- -60 N cn IL J o rn co r L o N C N d G d E d N C* O 0 O R 0 y ^ - CL CU a) 0 � c o LO (D _ v � v a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CD Z o C o Z CL I -r- CA N N M A N � d d i fA 69 69 EA IA 69 EA !f! =O b9 64 EA b9 Vi Ef? EA fR C O J C Q Fa- c m F- ?o Q O Cw u• L LL D`n w Q y IL < v a o cn v � w � = F v0 � =E cnCL < (L wcna-< m CL 0 d o - > w d _ odw w ►- c 5% c Q —r ,_cn 0 O L mcCL O cu O ca m U c c U- 0 R N _Gl O O --- W J Z N y N , W w O Z vJ .r. C O W N (V w U N N w d� N :+ � p cn pZ ap O �L,V.J Q p per. ij Z >- Z �i fo C) d � Z Z Z to U !d CL cu a� � �' ci •o N c L w W U N c c C = c c O O 0 o O CQWD) .2 O U) .�+ U N in cu 0 O cd d D U cL0 O d U U °- 0 v "o o H L > U Z vi H L > U •v c C A N d 0 '=' N 0 d O v (0 N �, V L N — C C CL_ C 0 C L d w 0 O t d w O to z 3 0 " ° c 3 c s o c o 3 = m E d o d o c L 0 0 d L m 0 c o m o .o 0 a>i d o m °-' m � > o N N O 0 O m 'a C � r V to fn C C. w w Z .� O m N C. w w Z •�j O co d 0 CL U p °� fn N N C9 ` >, N N N N U ` a N O N _C. C. a m V �p n a C. _a_C.m �t •• OL N C U y 01 d d 0 O O O O O d d d U 3 0 O N S. LL F- (n C cu = _ = 0 cn .J F- cn E _ _ = C) cn J � m O r 04 N C 7 O O N N a' b J O7 cV ca N C C CD a) -a E L a) O N 0 C2 C. O O a) °O a. C)0 0 I C) U- aCO 0 0 0 CDC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oc o 0 oc o °o c °o_ Z o 0 o Z N N N CN N CV c- h (D d C � tfj EA EA Ef3 of 69� 64 64 0 EH 69 613 69 cA Ef3 VI/ t4 p o :� c c°n' -� c to Q o2 < c = c`a QOM C7 W F- w CL F- � Q � d � 0U) 0 � 2 (n cn ° 00U) O � = n0 w U = w = cndQF- a U = w = cnaQf- a CL 0 Q p a>i W E Q F_- nrw w a C M Q N = _ J -0 p O 4) Dr- a m O CD 0 � c a. m U m c � o w o m D 0 LO 0 O W z = C� Z 2 ' ' m N N _ m a) �. a� a.00 %- U r U W S = o U m � :°F- ai W 00 co ...U .�c " 0o Nw c cVW acin rn Z o oZ 0 0 0 BUJ Q odLo ZZ Zcim o >- z ZcnU eo a m ,c n c c c c a? O =O O 0 ,. 0.. y N c = a) W aci >, c c o w E fCI cn rn a) O N 0 CU L c U O O 0 Z U C O > :+ C 0- C Z E — w C 0 C O N N ± 0 cm > o _ N cn c ( t Ca C N O LO O `� N n U L cn rn 4? N ui O 0 - U U _a M D H Q > U o c-La 0 L � H a > c U 'L L cu N d O w n. a) N V p N O c O a) N c a) N > °-� o °- v � 0 - m O N °' Z 0 0 N = n o Z o >' o w E aNi x a f° 0 o d t 0 a) a (D Ct$ o z m O a� moo. E 3 w 3 0 s 0 c o 3 c C L O 0. > N w C cm > N d rn v ... ca C N C. .�. w Z V G N N N CA C. .. .. ` 0 C j Q c O " N N N l�4 0 C_ = N N N N N N M o U -- > > o. a o.m n v 0 cn ;? v n a. C. a.m .0 v v G` p U j d C1 d o C O O t c U N cp d d d n o O ° N a } } m Z = = U V1J >- F- ca < o = = SU CAJ � m n� A _ o N c c A c' 04 � 7 C O p N cA �� a`J rn rn n . e . _ § / S % CL t IL 0/ 2 0 Cl) / o 0 0 \ o o K 0 \ o o c 2 0 0 2 2 . ° $ $ � 2 j � mma _ � 64 � 0 m � ma _ m � a o e CM o g 7 n CO / k x ƒ ko ® U- k < (D k «w LL 2 2 = I c C m < 5 R § m O � _ « j w 0 o c O m 0 = I U) 0 ' E O g 0 = I n 0 E L U 2 L I cn a < R a Q I u m n I < w a CL 0 2 § / �U) 0 0 c 0 � & � 2 0 2 3 \ 2 \ a) / LL [ 0 L : } CL Z w 2 co o% m L) ~ w ~ Lu X20 U k � �w ) . �w 00 c 2 G co Z / 3 co Z q /c 2 2q cncn 6 36 0 . 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O aC. d U c � � C � ll ea N a O 0 W a) 0 W 0a (� J Z Z ` ` ) N W N m 0 - a -°'o vw �w 0 04-x C O U a�i .W N a: �W o = U) C) oo C'4 LLI F- �_ o N Z 04 N C:), C ) O O O a. LO O a. Lo Z Z Z La 0 C) V J Z Z Z i U m CL m c v in C o 0 N ami aNi O W cu ° a _ c W O o0_ o o 00 Z r Z � O N N ( w m L) Q Co to c Q d U co c 0 .. co .. > 3 m 0 0 v C 0 v d y d y > "C f0 ;p N — n ca -0 n. E N x co rn a) E d m Q) _ O C Z 0 _ O cm C CL ,�- �, A a) .0 - w E '3 R C O C 3 C m d 0 d O C �+ M > (D > = N = d N 0 >` > N w a) E (D C ` 0 O m 'a = U) N C c0 L Z Z .Q C In r~.. O C. c •m Z •V O U =O C C. .. w f O M V ` 'D O N N N C9 d w w fl- �- O N N N U L. CU o .a) 2 •> y C. a s op R co E E C. C. C.m M 0 C) o m o — = m m do 0 >' aa) a d m mn 0 0 N G. U a n v0i Z xxU tqJ UO �- ° O x xxU tAJ CD n'a �.,_, — 0 n F- ;? to co C C ^ of 04 N CN Q > > O C N L6 Lf) c cu a� N C C N C (' U` d 'a E O N N y ° O t O ._ N N p a Q. a c- 2- E O a cOi o O c,, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O o 0 0 0 O O O O O O o °c Z O o o Z O O O O N N N N N N d d C i C E{} EA 69 61), EA 69 V3. WI 69), vl) (A (Al 61t 4a O O m m fA Q 2 Q = R 'n I- c � N U O C ' W W (D W Q Q N m (D d O Q LO On NO Ov0 NO . LL U = w = cna. ¢ �-- a U = w = cna QE- a CL O Q r � � p p Q O c CL O c ? N � - a M v �. S � O V cu X00 0 U � co W (nom co LL LL �' UO N W V (14 N W � _ N Z EC) J Q Odt1) Z Z Ziim Oa- Lo Z Ziim m CL d L , ` � to � � �• vi c a� ° ° is (D W w p m C c o M CL O O cn -0 Z Z Co r �° U Y U t O 3 O c y ° U N •N� N O N O O N N C d U O C h y o E y O � C >. a O as L O N O N c O w o t m ,_ _ m c3a ai ''' 3 t4 c U m `°' 3 m m c m m > aci s m o c `o Z aci r N Co d 0 O o °—' cc0 C N C vOi W ` GL O m a C m Q. C C O CL N O LL w •'C+ Z t j O O N cU CL .�. w Z O cu Vic'? o •Z' ai N N NC9 °_' a m °' N = c .N a acm i (n d 0 N d Q. G m E O ' 0 CD N C. LL a a L3 m S S S U cn J (n W O w U S S S U cn J m 2 o ti — O n t— v V ti co C C I m co (N N �� 0 N � ] ] to � . ] § -0 K / CL 0 . IL § Do R o 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 N N . . � 0 69, m � 69. ¥ 64 a4% c ( � kf tm « w § _ § W LL - 2 2 2 O / Co « k k \ / LL E ? w ? 2 ƒ k IL � ¢ c - \U) 0 0 / 2 a. 3 2E2 G \ / m . § e M— a. \ Nco w � 2 � u \� —d 0 ° 7 m — = e 0 02 g 04 E/ � < Ea. \ / kk / / t cu � m $ , vi 7 / E LO k \ E En _ CD / Q @ m / v co Q �_ S § > u U � 'o $ ° 0 § 2 $ \ / @0@ Q % 0 f E 2 O � � % � -2 E 0 7 0 0 0 0 a S6 c 000m � E m 20 § 5 k £ / co M a � £ 2 ' o c C13 0 [ § § a) 0) 2 § t CL 0. CL S / \ U) % o m � % f § co o O o � O c O > o u o � z z = Q k0 o� vC.) o = c o o ® n.-j k 4 . U •� y o c� 0 o z ON N N SUn � � c w w Q64 69 69 64 vi-64 69 601. p C ra O1p th b x cl H z G. � ¢ .^ F o l ,'7� F+ a AUxwx Ana ¢ 0 E-4 a U :. A c U cu cu F -� Ln a C ° .°•+ N .. a� A 0 o w, U ; 0 3 x U o 6z: � N C6. = = r O tn � U W Q F r7 0 a o to ci W � A > c% H •b w 00 •� O 00 A a °�' " " o W O O ° o o 3 %:I o � zz tnZu U °o E. bo ..� !� in •� U .0 vi P• 0 0 CZ �? cs. > �C O " P bp a, w is oo w cd q ro 0 -14 40. a � O E- °w c'ii -0 � a u � � o � U o a i CA m cc O c d � O N O y O L O' CL m a) O E O d M O O O V N t1) u r Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O O O O O O O O Z O O O z O O O O O O CV N N N N N N h y � d d C fH EA ER EA 69 EA fA 6R 0 ER Efl EA V? 60). EA d} to O O J m cm .1 CI 0) n N Q o 2 R = cfl Q ~ d 0 O a) ! } _ Ow ° LL Na i � w LL � , oo � °° i � m : ` o o E LL vaLJ U) C- < a a U = w = cna- ¢ F- a. a 0 d o C) £ w F-' omw g � .r C y V J J �N p O = C, 0 0 L R [`0 a o. d U c LL R y (D W o 0 w CL T. U Z J Z w w 00S m L) N v w �.w _ U) O t0) a� m W (D 1 W 0U � Z .0 N " W N > W o p O O O J EL) Q o dU) Z Z ZU) U oIL ca Z Z ZLo ca a m o n vi 0 0 0 O o C: aZi m .� o on U) +r Z > N N = co N ❑ _ c L y U C y Q� d CE.)C. O �.. . U) Q :>y O O a rn O d• � d7 y > �. d E y = ,p +� N N = 1.1 C3 o dL0 (9 ac O a1 � 0 U O N ) .c d _ CCU O E •3 is C m a N 0 d O d 0 C a d s d O c ' a� o `m a�i d o R '�-_, c aci ` m o a _ C) io CL a *Z � Z o w a >. m aw * Z 'v o co V N m O y y NC9 d +' O U O 0 Uf 0 ` C o a; a� a a a Co '- ca c Z a .N a a a m `* o ° o cu m E N d m m n O ON b _! .� 2 = 2U cAJ (� a� cu 22 = U NJ m p a M p co M 1- 0 LO a'LY n rn o (U . . jU) 2 / (D / 2f 2 0 0 C Qa . . E o CL a. o / \ 0 L 0 o c o 0 0 0 0 / o 0 0 # o o . o % S co k o 0 C 2 2 7 � 04 e . C- / § a _ mV)� a 0 9 e m a � Q9. m o 0 g E 2 E 2 R c c � o C ® F- � \ / o E \ / \ < F- a ƒ c O E _ < -D w § I c _ < -a R o / / / / ƒE LL S d ƒ < a / ? / < a a > E 0E < G c2 \ ƒ � @ �co 0 / 2 2 y g = cam O aa. % 2 @ \ / / \ ƒ . L §� 2 \ w ƒ / % 0 ƒ Z �¥ / a S w 0 co 0 Q / C) CD / / / Z E n k / q $ o / 3 / j / 0 0 0 / / E Q « o m » = m c o e m 2 2 2 m U � ƒ d O : 2 / 2 2 / E E § @ ° 00 \ 3 ° ° % C % c - k w U @ c % / ) G g v 0 $ G G E E U) o c ) (n o 0 _ g 0 § r- > t n = u , o _ @ ° c 0k 00fS m o ± 0 — ƒ k 0 � k a k / k � � § c q¥ k / / Z tv CL k / / � / / 2 v 0 ° \ a a a 2 k 2 7 a S k > _ v k� / / 2 2 � k / � ƒ ƒ S 2 � . � � ■ ` g2 /\ n c C 60 r # n m �� n.� K w c c a� m O n N t a) 0 y 0 O E D- O O Q O O to O O O w O O w 00 O O O 00 O O CD O N N N Z O O O Z O O O O O O • N N N C- r y >` a7 O c EiY cf} V9F cfl !A ER EA {f! = 61). V? 69> Efl of EA c3 iH 0 Q) im cm 2 cn cn Q a S R H C = ea f- c d w aUli �°�' } Caw LL !n NQ L C� i- C m � OamQ U) 0 `O o0cOi� 0 � 2 n0 0 E Ui v � wMccna ¢ � a U2w = cna ¢ t- a C. O 6 p >i w Q 0a EN ~ w m •- o N II cn O C m 0 = C„ O c`o A Q. N V U LL a) i O :. O Z 0 LU cn O J t Z t J m U �- a ¢ vw � _ ° (°j Ov `°w a) �- 0 m r- co H U �- oo LL w.0 s ON NZ LLI UN Nw C5 Z c 4.CL -j Q ° � ij ZZZciU OdLO ZZZcnm Q � U a � r, cn a) ca N c U E (D v c o co c ca a Z c w O 0 .0 04 U) O O U O W C'-cc h c C- CU° c cn g Q n j ca co rn D o a) Q m UQ m = d U Z, 0 a N 3 Q) V a C N L > .. -V d o `U= +N n r •c• U c9 aS v aI (�' =° V � 1 t O O 0 > cn Z O w N� U) o o o d +0 o > a +V al U 0 = c o° a m c o c : 7 O 4) O L �. 0 d O w Z J a) ` d O m �C. C rn � m rno m c 3 C. w � Z ao � U C. wrZ 'v O Cl) V 0 C E M 'C N O n N 0 N a ` w � L ?_` N rn N C7 &- r c 'a Q cn N c M 0 C. C. C.m C� E 0 G> 0) 0 0 O ON d tiQ O `O 0 3 c�v SSSU cn —j < LL S SSU (n -j of 1- c Q v O C C c0 co N LO LO IL J rn o N Q) N Ur C 'D a 0 . a CL a o O` E M a. Qo cOOOOwC) CDw o0000000 N N N O N N N Z cD � cD Z (D O O O N N N d i Efl EA ER d C CI- 0 p 69 6/} 61). EH Ef> E} EA 611, V► EA E/q IA a) rn 0)u cn Q 'vx H c = v c QO :3 � --� W a0 LL mJ } Vr W � i- tL � Q C� � F cnQ _ = m � 0a- m ¢ yF- o m � cr) mQ t- o 0 D0U) 0Mx Eno I- £ LL v0 w � v) a ¢ � a U = w = cna. ¢ t- n. CL 0 m � - > N w m E c F- N d = J N aW '0 O >O N m C d w Q O O ca '0 U E v H LO as LL D Cu.,., N m -o �- W E N O w E LL a. w ) N m U W _ �.W c L) o = OW o co c p c W co Z lJ N Q ..U •n •> c) c N W a) O W Cl)O C) O ) Z Z Q Ea Z Z Z U Z U t� CL a) L- 0 o Cl) O O M � � CD o C CD c cm � 0 00 :3v c ° Zm 0 O O N fn ►�_+ Z 3 0 0 N in w F- U O N O m U L = cn a� ai 0 V U �+ C V C Q d 5 ,Op C Q a) •fl• O O ca s- > U Z 3 p� 0 N o ++ 3 t) C U d r o V O U W t a) N > v O U) -D t_ O d N - N C U iV C 3 a) N N x O > N x .0 O a) O tm 0 C O O` O L O a :- N 0 L 0 � O O C d a L a) ++ a. N !n ea co m Q cco c E 3 c 0 c x ° > c o 3 c «' c m 0 -C 0 L 0 o c M 0 a) c N 0 0 o c F- T. Q > N = m c D o c > = N 0 a) cn 0 �' 0 0 o m 'a c c- ° w =- m o ca 'a c m co r~, N — Q = = Z Z o U) N O) .o N C. L.. rL+ Z •V O CO Cl) a w N N N N C7 ` R O +O_. .0 Cu C wD a C. Q Q cep (�to 0 �° c i°n E a c. a m 0 �. > c a a� d d o C) C U U o v x x2U NJ U � ti axi c0i x SxV tnJ N � m o0 cu o a~ � V o C C d is co O n N > > Q G LO �� n.-j O O a (n C _ a) E 6• (n t Q. 0 .— a O L a'E O a) Q E d CL M O ° 0 ° ° C) Q � N O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Z O O O Z CD CD 0 O O O cl- N d C i 69 ER EA d� EA b9 fR CO EH Efl ER E9 to EPr EA fA O 3 m m m m O J c cn J c N to Q o 2 a = c`o F- c a am Q O O W a O ti J 5. OW � � W NQ C7 � F- = m 4 mQ � P O pOu O � 2 vip O �i v � w � M = U) a v = W = u) a ¢ F- a CL 0 d - n r= w W W Of m p O o p N p c b is O °- O co = g ai ca m U O M.-, No CL -. G. c O 04- 0 O c �. U io CU F- _ 0) ►- 00 H N 00 W .OU -�=—, > DN N w � N N W � CL —3 r Q LX Z Z Zom � �[ Z Z Z � m U R co a d � ui = a) o o ° c U E o)o o m = m c 0 m o O c Z a v ° = O m E y 0 U V U o �3 0 0 rn p V V U ww ns :°_ c Q m �' c c o f Q d m — i a) N �- > j 00 = L N 0 w>—. � •V - 0 d O V O W O a) N 0 �, 0 O IA `�- T U) 2 0 C a) N 0 U p �` E = c9 a) N > 4. U m 0 0 O o f vi2si o 0 0 '0 E w o fl aci E Fv °3 •� o r 0 c c E 3 O a) r 0 c (9 cm L Q) O L d "0 c0 cm , N = 0 e0 d m Q c: Q O O c O d O c C m C O O a7 0 •G1 O = C —' EE 0 o a�i mo a Q m EE L% ` do o ac m m o Q E ,� 0 0 a w � Z 'moo c Wi n- > ° C L � g c M V O U M N U N N N C9 d "'' y Q. O N N N C7 ` Cc fn _ d o a) co .- o a n a m co u) a� o c. n a m a v v .. o a� c " 0 d m d n 7 0 oN b � m � co 0) 0 2220 V) J � n Q a) 2220 NJ n0 O Dr vV M v _ _ -0� N M N LO �� a 0 rn °' N Q N tJf .w+ C W aE O N L Cn L E II. O 0 lu O Q 0 0 0 0 CC�L 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 00 O O O O Z W to Z N N N co W e CS W C, C- C i d d 61), 61), EA A Vi EA EA 69 t� 69. (). 61). 40 EA Ei} to d 0 CM m 0) 2 N Qvx `c H c = tLo W Qi? m :.i } OW � � L L � � O C C m Q Fm n- UO to , c O ONaO O n n LL L) W Qa U2w = cnaQF- a CL 0 m - 0 � �, W N W 0-1 E Ir- Q W Q cu > N o o m o r- CL a O n 0 cam U cr o y L J CO N J N .-. x to 0 ° O U N cu LL t0 V v F- .r. C m r 00~ LOL (u 00 Z Ea J 0 O CD O- 0 0 0 W co 7 0 0 0 W U Q r M cn Z Z Z cn m O a- Z Z Z to CO M eo � D. N d1 cn C N O O F m E o E U 3 = W N � W O m p Q O 0 0 ci o o vii (3 N cn w Z 3 0 Q Z °t3 h- O+= N uC i w = ( _ v Z °m a C CD r_ r c E E N > U 0 =0) V>m m >0-O cu 0 o . a d v o O O r > O o Q. � u -Z C- U N Q o N 0 E N T 2 a) w E d m C O O O O C C 0°Q d O C m U a. O C O c N 0 N � = N +: d C �. cu c0 O > Vl ,r d O Q cn (n 0 0 0 m 'a cc o N � 0 O m 'L = m rn rn "" E -o a w w Z •E o cn � N co a , , Z 'v O ° M V O 4- O L O N V! N C9 d w' p E a N cu o a a a to v `* o a) N m m 0 a) o �' o J m d m D o oN a U �' a x xxU cnJ CUU a cu ca xxx0 cnJ — m pa _ . 0 O F- U Ul) c0 c = m R o o r o > > o c L a v cn IIL.J m C) M N N .r+ C a) � d •c O N i o& L E a o U 0 Cl 0 Q w O O O w 0 0 w N 0 0 0 CM O O O N O C � Z co w co Z O cn O) r r r co co co ti ti ti CI- 0 M d 0 V) 69 69 69' Oft 6i fft Eft 0 EA 69 6q V> 6% EA 69 Vt C 7 O O J cn m N Q =a2 Ia- c = = Q0 � _j 4) W QOLL w LL (D d � w � � o0U) 0 in0 E a U cn a v = WmcoOL < E- a CL 0 w Q n w " U LU E u ccv N m = aE) Q m Q U) 0 0 p 'o 0 o O C a a. O n C E G. m U 0 Co CU 04 cn Np N O LO 00 %- O — t` •J U � (U w= c O U •6 L) ~_ 0 0 0 LL °° LL u' m o f .+U = U m ° W v a) N W •>_ - c Z EU Q oa Z Z ZV) m oCL Z Z Z m CL a) c E m c c c0 C-4 C: m O c �O m p (� O h Z t Z H U U yN 3 '� O n cU ai Y U U U _NC_ 0 Q d Q. O U) Q > C fU O U) N �. > c a _ a) w U) O .' 0 4. m O d O O ci m c io v m N > a0i U c y ° LL � y > °), U v C rn E U) zH o 'o CD m o f N = n o a m a) t a) = v c Z c U s a) = is `n Ea) �) � E '3R `a � 0 my = E 3c ca d m C Q) d O a) O C E m U C = 0 d O 0 0 C Z 0 � cn d a) 0 m e > to to 1_ N U) U) J ` a) O c0 •a C m (U '� a) C: L t t Z •C. C m O O) w (!) a) N C. w � Z •V O c U) O co E N C. .+ �+ •U O m d O N CL 0. CL N N C9 � O U O a) 0. a a.m m fA V o .' 0 m m d d 0 0 0 0 d m m n o Cy b UU ir- US -j 0 o.. ca ca 2 220 cn -j m n� _ O n F- U ao c = d io N O co O N 7 C O I LO CL J 0) O) N N r C d O N as • o E b o Qo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O o 0 o O °o_ °o_ o Z o 0 o Z N N N N N h N d d d C i E9 H Ef3 69 EA 69 p 64 to 64 64 691� 64 69 69 O rn rn V) aai ate = = W aOLJO — J CAW F- LL NQ L U � � = � ` 000) 0M2 in E LL c U = w = toCL < -- a O. O n4) EN a; = N ° E(1)i Q cn o o v p ° 0 � CCL L O a r_- m ='a o N U C a d v o w �. N d _ W co O 0 "� Z `° N -� N cn IZZ 'C ) = N O C -W -,3-j '=U , ca C F � C13 O 00 F-p Z o LL W r U C N > O N W Z O BUJ Q Ofn Z Z zLO C) CL Z Z ZLnm ea O. a p � N L CD to C O N @ C C O 00 a 0 "- w = C � 0 m :u N � is cd F- 0 V p O O cn a. N cn m C N O d �� (n L 7 C Q d U X N �«- a C Q C1 V N LL +. N L > C ° ° N .0 m M 0 U ca N Q QI C Q N ^ C p 'd d t d N G� d C "' 0 E N 2 Q a L � d � E N 2 � O CO s rn 0 m w 0 c O N ° ° t d w 0 v U m 2 .� E '3 �a `m N o c 3 c ° m � a ° m ° d o c CO ca 3 ° c E m = m ° c o cca v m c w z •5 o U w (n ° c ° a � r Z � a ` V M C) (u E N N N C9 d +�' �O CO L E C C N N N m fn cn m a� L 0 ° 0 N ° O a a a n ° o m .., O. O. O.M w N d m m n o ° > >. a� .r ON II. SS C N 2S2U cn -i U (n d N CL in N = _ = U cnJ � m O ■1 ++ U cn CD LO �'a' b J rn LO N N r C d O E N O N a C fl- a`. E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N 0 O O 0 0 O O a) N N N Z O O O >- LO Ln O O O V CO CD CO C.- r N d d d C C tf� ER Efl ER 69 69 ER to p 69 EA ER EA Vk 69. 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CO U m N C Q >N N 0 d �ZC 3 O C O d 0 L;- O' c c co E uNi 2 L� U m e •`� E d 2 :n o o :° t d w 0 •c c a L Q t m 0 cn ml O N L: p L V O d 0 d O C O O C d d O t4 CD 0 c d o eo 'a c U ° ° 0 ° '- t t Z ,n c - � 0 > -00 (o D7 N N N C7 •d w N > N > O N N N C7 .` R (n .�-O n 0 j N — d 0. 0 m t� N C 0 0 4) Ll CL 40 12 V o � Co 2 22U tnJ U- 25 [r ai 2220 cAJ M N 5 = C t0 N N IL's 0 Ln 0) J 03 N N r C d 'fl C+ � t • W t O N O Q IL O V Q O O a0 0 0 0 0 0 0 W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N N Z O O O Z O O O a0 O co h C' y y d a) C i EfT ER to d� A IC f Efl EA ER F ffl EA 6Y V! EA O O) O cn Q � 2 a H c = R c w Q0 � a) r Ow � NQ d = m0U) 0 � = v 0 C oocOi) o � = vi0 E LL U = w = cna- < (L U = w = v) n. QF- a CL 0 d > y' c Q aEi w a) w a) c < a)) E Q Q>.— a) > 0 o U) 0 o a Q O n O CL r+ N C:) Co N J ' En NC 7_ C. � = Lo = y O O � � �E- C U co �• F- (a — .�- o m 1.L M co W C) LL ..U '.C'. = U a) N W L �? 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Qi-- a Uxwxcna QF- a CL 0 > w N Q dE c w C y u E Q J o toO O > Q m I- O M R v w CL y 0 w �? O p o N O Z J t � o � W L- m °' m Q M +r U-) CN W = y O O U � c`u J 0 �F- C U m ^ W co o 0 >` LL co z > N O W .,U C o o N Z O N �C] N .�>, O w a) 0 0 0 r- EC.) Q oar ZZZ �O ° o' er ZZZu> m �a CL _ c F- E j y ° o W p � c Q W a� O N c00 Q - �? v W O O � o a� v L11 .� c �. '+ Z 4-1 Co CU o�y Y Q t y d y QZ O Z U CL p y > V> 4 O L- tm > N O C y V e C E E v :o o M o 2 : O E C C U 0 41 w 0 d L d 0 O m 0 v O m 0.. C y w C 0 N A t o > > 4) O M ° c : N a Mz `. w5Z te d d o C �� C f`0 d !_- 7 E O Q C._Qm V `O� „dam C •Y rp Q. 'a G• O. O.m V O o) E Q U N y d d Q C] O O o �'' a`. U0 3 v� xxxU v� ..°a w � U � O n ¢ xxxU cn —i N s , n � — o D F- v U C C R c) N N > > O o LO a G. 0 t rn d o v N N w C d E d d Z N ' c as � O L E a O 0 V O 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 O O O o0 O O CD O O O O z V 't t7 Z In CD CD C'7 M M LO M 67 N � � d d d i fR 69 tf} 64 4R d3 69 69. C Ef3 Eft EA 69 fill). ff) 69. 09. O O O .J -� m m V) Qv2 Q •o2 c QO � :a } w QOL mj } = m2CDamQ U) o oOcOn0 � 2 n0 E Li UZ:W c=i� aQF- a v2w = cna- < a` CL 0 > N N N C O O~ r J N �U) O 0 > > p o pC ` n, to a O a a RL ,O E cad v v v asp N W� -a W c mN � Z ON N w. O(n ti O- a =O O Lo ( W O J V U co p O of 7, LL. O cO F. LL m ..U � = va`) 0Z vm N > - c N W N E U Q O a_Z Z Z c[ U Cl) a Z Z Z to CL m '- m 0 m LO N N O -0 1 C N C a) W C O a C c U` CO a. rn co O O p o 0 o ao c Z °f v h h Z otf ci cn 0 i3 y c C C Q G1 U w+ N Q CI V Q N c N a.. > C co y O >p O v =o N a_ x <° h > m aNi n coo m - > 10 (n d U 0 o c 02 N � c ai = p c 'n D a- s m w 0 m �, 0 3 00 t d = v cc o a o c Em 0 N c M c E d 0 d 0 d O c p C > d .00 d O C c > N m ` ,� 3 a>i m o a m rn N w N C13 M m L cca a r w z 'V O c rn n C rn CL w z 'V G C V ` ` -a N N N N C7 d ::+ co C O (o = N N N C7 M O ) c° °� C) a a a ov n u s t y r a a a CO to aai o a m m a� D 0 0 °M rn m Cy b W CL 2220 tn _l = � � 2 m 22 = U fAJ m fl a — 0 H U L` ao C = d to N M T- > > O 0 tN L6 LO 04 �� b-j rn rn rn N N r G d d E N N 0 o °' 2E a O 0 Qo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C) CD o 0 o 0 0 0 Ct CL 0 0 CL o z M M N N N cl- N d i 69 EfT lfl FA V# E,9 69 ii> C ER fR ER EA (A d3 EA !R GO � m V) Q a 2 L. G U W W N Q C� W W N Q CL o0n0m 0� L = �E LL. L) 3: U) 0. Q a USWSV) a. Q ►- a a 0 0 > �, W (D °) ~ m y = N V E (D N J � CO > o J � _ L OL m L a d �= _E CL U) F- - �� y U v m W 'm O s Z .. to N U) W E cn o F- m 7 �L O ) I-- —, LL `- W W 00 �.. O = � �Z NJ U W r. LU w- G 0 LL co m i, o Z �U r > v N 'Q a o W " O O 0 0 0 C) � to BUJ Q oaf zzzLO < oW ZZZ° nU R ca m �' Z` rna) � p a? (nn .5 � f- o V) c U) c c`a a) a) a) N O Cc in c U ~ U c r y Q c H (3 Q a) 0 0 CD c . t (j > Uo c m G CM o. L- G CL a Q a) o Q`Q > 0 o U d U m °E 'c c E c- >N n 0 " a) rn m o a) c E tnS .c o am °� E � Z a' ° O °' = O O C +� ca 2 O � rs. 0 � O Y m p ,� C a) t d O to O C t a) C � U) a) .m •+ 3 C cc > �+ O a) s w 0 0 d O G 41 E a) w. O cn a) E ; d y d 0 0 C .� N w d > L N = d a) U c 0 0 E y 0 N O d d 0 to CL c U_ C ca r- Q t L Z Q C m U E U O U O d C E C. +_-� Z 'V 0 N .+ E -E — E O d *« w 'C) C E >. V ca U to N N N N O a) R j V O c`p O N N 0 O R � C 3 C Q a) 3 a > Q. O. O.m m V a) CL CL CL L�* o 0 ° d a) d o 0 E 0 o r 0 �' Eo °) d a) d 0 m o ON Wm S v S SSU V) J W W W U ca $ U 00 S SSU V) J � d 0 'a et. — O 0 F- 0 U 0) N O 7 p N 04 N a' 0 to 0) a ..J o) O M Uf C d 't7 E al r O rp OCL o- E m O U U O O Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M O O O M O O m LO to LO O O O O Z O to CO Z O cf) Lo O C N N N O O r T- 04 N N h c+. d O a) i EA cfl EA EA fR ffl ER 6f) = EA fA 69 fR FA cR 61). 69 0 O J C m am o ' Qom = N = R F- C R a� = � - O � 0u= 0 w� Q � w Q >O Ow H m m (D d m Q N O - a� 0Ocn0x2 in0 oOcnO � = cn0 E LL U = w = cn n. Q F- CL U = w z cn 0- Q F- a n. O > ° y m E c aCi m 3 = R (n O = O N Q) (D u' � >' "' O TO J 0 -� w M = a R ' � m � �nw R .. c� cn E � � m _a. d tU co J R a y d J J ON U >• CL r+ 0O ? U) f0 5 O t >1 I a �rn o . w Z j w xyo 0 w c .. = Co d `- N m LL CO Z O U ._- .�. -0 E N Q U C N m y :> M O O O � E J Q U ZZ ZLoQ od ZZ ZLnD R Q a1 � 0 d. N W c6 O cn aN 0 0 C) Q) d E C C a) 0 '" N LO O O M ti N O C d 'u� � h h Z a'S rn O� �' co t+'C co a) 0=O 3 Q U O C C d (� w+ O > 0 0 E C Q a) a) C Q > Q O +' - - E O y �. C U y — @ C y '�. o C 0 - ` E d O 0 O N C E (fl .._ O x d h � a1 U C N y °' v a) Q1 of)i ca n. E E ai x n o =a N E x a 'a c � CO a r w t° a�i w 0 ai Q t CD r R Q) N U E C �; c0 O O C i+ d m LL c0 C d O a) O C E m a) .00 ry O C (a U � O C C a1 d O R .Q C m cu cn � L- t L Z .a = �-- N c _ m m m d w = Z '� O C rn U_ CL ++ '� O V V 0 0 O n o (U9 0) •-- y y y C7 a7 +' cu p C E N y y R cr) E O N C p o - Q O. O.m M 0 � O y Q. O. Qm � V o"' a` wU a` �' m LO CL� x xxc�i co -1 Um U) c�nJ N � d � 0 O G. i V N co 04 7 7 O v N (p N O LO C.J O) N c d -c E Ci d L N O N O CL a a. O U U O O Q CCD 0 0 0 0 0 0 C) O O ® ® O O O 0 0 0 o c Z cr 6' Z o- N O N M M 9 N M �+ >' d U C i� EA ER EFT fV to b9 Ei fA E E EA F (A d} p 64 to m m tm >- =o Ow OLL m � Oa� mQ NFa- o 0 = N OnOn O 00) 0 o o CL E wa: U) < a USwS (no ❑. 0 n N ~ O = N U (0 J cu Q R �,^ C .0 � Q �(n 0 O O p N O O 3 � j ca d U U- § o w Q O ' Q c Z E —c t S , w N ' d � O N m O) Z. r M `.w O �. = N O fj c ��j c- c .0 0 p) � � N co F- � CD o LL U O C = O O Z O N w O N N > N N N w Q C � N N N O Z d a J v Q O o O O O .J �- N ti O O O ti w U Q to Z Z Z �n U N (D u-) > > } t!) Co R CL d n � 3 O o o v p wp U > O 0 c a) c N n � o O 0 ca p a� V _ c o > n c Q m w 0 N > V CL OC N N t. > U i Q in •c� m m O U o O N c0 C (0 O d N � d V O m p N = d1 : O c E E N = Co C n E (6 O p d O y a m U o d w O t0 to co co w O v- o O d O C CD L (n (o = H w t O O > Q a) `+- C1 C1 O t0 'Q Q N ` d O RS 'Q C o .~., rn p -° Qw = Z O O E n rn 0) QwwZ v 4 0 C: N fA N C) to C') d N N U E Q Calm �' cmN O O a aCL a v O p = O d7 d d n O O a j C Cl) a S S w cco = = = U cnJ o- 0 a) 2 2 = U tnJ N w m n� O fl. v V o C) N o O p p U cD cD 9 �� d 0 rn 3 -- . 1 CONSOLtoATED PLAN TOWN MEETING Sb dMARY 1 FEBRUARY 13, 1995 LOCATION: FELDHEYM LIBRARY-MARY BELLE KELLY ROOM ATTENDANCE 1. Shirili Smith 371 W 29th St. 2. Diane Von Hansburg 477 14th St. 3. Joani Gibson 371 W 29th St. 4. Captain Hal Hads P.O. Box 991 5. James Wirth 1980 N. Sierra Way 6. Steve&Linda Sutherland 426 W. Baseline 7. Terry Otsuki 1931 N E. St. 8. Lilly Terrete 686 E. Mill St. 9. Patsy McDaniel 1480 Terracita Dr. 10. Harold Boring 777 F St. 11. Wes McDaniel 1480 Terracita Dr. 12. Mike Blatnick 241 E. Ninth St. L SUMMARY OF THE NON-HOUSING NEEDS A. PUBLIC FACILITY NEEDS 1. Move to increase the number of youth centers. 2. Create more after-school youth centers. 3. Provide child care centers that target low and moderate income households. 4. Enhance centers for the disabled in the community. 5. Increase the accessibility for handicapped persons. 6. Improve the security at Park and Recreation facilities to reduce crime. 7. Improve security by implementing parking restrictions at parks. 8. Encourage small neighborhood parks versus the large neighborhood parks. Small neighborhood parks increase the sense of community and ownership. 9. We need to improve on the security for the parks. 1 • 10. The Loma Linda 1 euical Center has a social action clinic, the uevelopment of these types of facilities should be encouraged. 11. Bus service needs to be provided 7 days a week. 12. Need to provide more Bus shelters throughout the community. 13. Create more substance abuse centers to address the growing need. 14. Develop more mental health facilities. B. INFRASTRUCTURE EMYROVEMENTS 1. Improve the flooding problem on Baseline, "E" Street&Baseline, Sierra Way, Waterman &Baseline, "G" Street&Baseline, Highland& "E", 42nd St. between Mt. View& Mountain Dr., 48th& "H" St. and the Downtown area. 2. Improve the perception of the business district environment is by providing trees in the main corridors and improving the lighting. 3. The street lighting in residential areas is not adequate and should be improved. 4. Improve street signage throughout the city. 5. Make improvements on the alley between Stoddard and "E" street. 6. We need to replace deteriorating sidewalks. 7. We need to improve the condition of the water system. C. PUBLIC SERVICES 1. Provide an increased level of handicapped counseling services. 2. Provide more head injury counseling services. 3. Need to provide more transportation services for the handicapped. 4. Increase owner based housing programs. 5. Provide ethics and family counseling programs. 6. Regional and local coordination of the chemical dependency programs. 7. Create more battered women shelters. 8. Provide better counseling programs for the community. .. � PEDS'. ACCESSIBE J 1. Create better infrastructure throughout the City which is accessible by the handicapped. 2. Increase accessibility for the handicapped at neighborhood facilities. E. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 1. Programs are needed to help with the retention of small businesses. 2. Provide more micro loans programs for small businesses. 3. Provide more Commercial Rehabilitation. 4. Need to provide a comprehensive revitalization programs targeting commercial districts (Baseline, Highland, 40th Street, etc.). 3 i i r S i 3 R L 3 3�3 V i {Fj yq# d 3 • CONSOL,GATED PLAN TOWN MEETING SLAT ARY i FEBRUARY 8, 1995 3 LOCATION: EDA BOARDROOM ATTENDANCE 1. Helen Kopeznnoki 8150 Cable Canyon Road 2. Douglas M Fazekas 3. Richard Abraham 995 West Marshall Blvd. 4. Gem Abraham 995 West Marshall Blvd. 5. Christy Newey 300 N D St. 6. Lesile Dagle 7. Davida E Schaefer 2836 Crescent 8. Nedra Wallace 1140 W Mill St. 9. Janie Baker 1140 W Mill St. 10. Steve Baker 1140 W Mill St. L SUMMARY OF HOUSING NEEDS A. General Comments 1. Encouage the development of emergency shelters for single men and women. 2. Develop Transitional Housing programs. 3. Develop Safe Haven drop in center for homeless and mentally ill. 4. Creation of Homeless shelters for the Senior Citizens. 5. The creation of the SRO (single room occupancy) center. 6. Development of a dual diagnose program for drug and alcohol abuse treatment. 7. Tenant based rental assistance. S. More housing rehabilitation throughout the City of San Bernardino. 9. Stronger code enforcement programs to control the abuses of absent landlords. 10. Provide case management services addressing living skills as a component of transitional housing. 11. Provide drop in shower facilities for the homeless. 3 ' II. SUMMARY OF Nr.,N-HOUSING NEEDS A. Public Facilities 1. Provide more subsidized child care centers which provide both daytime and night time services. 2. Develop a Senior Citizen center in the fifth ward. 3. There is a strong need to developed more youth centers. B. Public Services 1. Provide more deaf services in the community. i 2. Provide adequate transportation services for all segments of the population. 3. Provide services for babies that are suffering from fetal alcohol drug syndrome. 4. Develop an education center for adult learning. S. The city needs a Family Literacy Program(including English as a second language). 6. Provide a mentor program for the youth in the community. 7. Develop an emergency food program. S. Provide job training programs for handicapped people. C. Economic Development 1. Developed more grocery stores throughout low income areas. 2. Provide planned facade improvements in commercial districts. 3. Neighborhood based tenant assistance should be provided to small businesses. APPENDIX D GLOSSARY OF TERMS A GENERAL DEFINITIONS USED WITH THE CONSOLIDATED PLAN Affordability Gav: The extent to which gross housing costs, including utility costs, exceed 30 percent of gross income- Affordable housing is generally defined as housing where the occupant is paying no more than 30 percent of gross income for gross housing costs, including utility costs. AIDS and Related Diseases: The disease of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or any condition arising from the etiologic agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Alcohol/Other Dru Addictions: A serious and persistent alcohol or other drug addiction that significantly limits a person's ability to live independently. Area of Ethnic/Rscial Concentration: An "area of ethnic/racial minority" means ep cif is regions of the community where minorities constitute 50% or more of the population within Area of Low-Income Concentration: An area of low-income concentration" theoar'ea is reside�n as census tracts concentrations in the City where lower income households (less than 80% of median ) of 5005/0 or greater. Assisted Household or Person: For the purpose of specifying one year coals for assisting households will benefit persons, a household or persons is assisted if, during the coming Federal y Y if the through one or more programs included in the jurisdictions investmt lanewl rerehab litated,ttoane+y person takes occupancy of affordable housing that is newly acquired, Y constructed, and/or receives rental assistance. An existing homeowner efitt d dunned thenyearh f aehomehs home's rehabilitation is completed. A first-time homebuyer is g purchased during the year. A homeless person is ben astoed during ons who year if benefit from one or more occupant of transitional or permanent housing. Households p� program activity must be counted only once. To be included in the see Secti housing unit must, at a minimum, satisfy the HUD Section 8 Housing Quality St andards on Certification: A written assertion, based on supporting evidence, that must be kept available for ' inspection by HUD, by the Inspector General of HUD, and by the public.. The assertion shall be deemed to be accurate unless HUD determines otherwise, after inspecting the evidence and providing due notice and opportunity for comment. _ Committed- Y'tted- General) means there has been a legally binding commitment of funds to a specific project to undertake specific activities. I i z t J I-1 � �ctirrwtuxD�cor�r,�vwrrwrrt.orrs l 3 Elderiv Person: A person who is at least 62 years of age. Elderiv Household. One or two person households containing a person at least 62 years of age, and non-elderly handicapped individuals, including those currently institutionalized but who are capable of °group home" living. Emer�Shelter Any facility with overnight sleeping accommodations, the primary purpose of which is to provide temporary shelter for the homeless in general or for specific populations of the homeless. Existin Homeflwner: An owner-oupant of residential property who holds legal title to the property and who uses the property as his/her principal residence. Ent Extremely low income households or families : Families whose income is between 0 and a Oe efamiiiesf the median income for the area, as determined by HUD with adjustments for smaller and except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 30 percent of the median n or levels h ar a ep prevailing on the basis of HUD's findings that such variations are necessary because _ construction costs or fair market rents, or unusually high or low family incomes. mil A houseiold comprised of one or more individuals. [fie National Affordable Housing Act (Brea) �� definition required to be used in the CHAS rule-eq e�vrelated b Census birtha mairriage or adoption. The term of Census defines the same household who Y Table 2, " "household"is used in combination with the tern "related" in the CHAS instructions,s a available for the Census when compatibility with the Census definition of family (for reports and based upon that definition) is indicated. (See also "Homeless Family"). atio Family Self-Sufficiency FSS Pro ram: A program enacted by Section 554 of uthont eon IHAf s) rdable. Housing Act which directs Public Housing Agencies (PHAs) and Indian Housing sources to provide Section 8 assistance under rental voucher programs, together with public an privat a and self-sufficiency. e re • supportive services, to enable participating families to achieve economic P Federal Preference for Admission: The preference given to otherwise e are eligible applicants involuntarily is under HUD's rental assistance programs who, at the time they seek housing assistance, in substandard housing, or paying more than 50 percent of family income for rent_ (See, for example Section 882.219.) First Time Homebuvers: An individual or family who has not owned a home during the three-year perio the preceding the HUD-assisted purchase of a home that must be used a principal homebuyer. • FmHa-. The Farmers Home Administration, or programs it administers. I-3 - X�}7�RD�CONK.tNw6FINffLOM ter.. a 3 g HOPE 3: The HOPE for H eownership of Single Family Homes Prog , which is Title IV, Subtitle C of the National Affordable housing Act. a - Household_ One or more persons occupying a housing unit (U.S. Census definition). See also "Familyn. Housin Problems: Households with housing problems include those that: (1) occupy units meeting the definition of Physical Defects; (2) meet the definition of overcrowded; and (3) meet the definition of cost burden >30 0/0. Table I C requests nonduplicativ_e counts of households that meet one or more of these criteria. Housin¢ Unit: An occupied or vacant house, apartment, or a single room (SRO housing) that is intended as separate living quarters_ (U.S. Census definition). HUD: The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. Institutions/Institutional: Group quarters for persons under care of custody. (U.S. Census definition) Jurisdiction: A state, unit of general local government, or a consortium. Lame Family: A household of 5 or more persons which includes at least 2 related persons. d-based aint hazards: Any condition that causes exposure to lead from lead-contaminated dust, lead- contaminated Lea P — soil, lead-contaminated paint that is deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in adverse human health effects as established by the �. appropriate Federal agency. L1HTC (Federal) Low Income Housing Tax Credit. s O Low Income Families: Families whose incomes do not exceedxperce t of the median income for the that HUD may area, as determined by HUD with adjustments for smaller and larger establish income ceilings higher or lower than 50 percent of the median s ofoconstructionn costs or,faor market _ findings that such variations are necessary because of prevailing v and are rents, or unusually high or low family incomes. Note: HUD income limits sdefin t on its different thal (This n that for available from local HUD offices for the appropriate jurisdictions - the CDBG Program.) (The CDBG Program has used the terms "low income" and moderate income pens,which terms are derived from its statute. Those terms have the same meaning as the terms 'very rso nited State Housing Act of low income" and "low income" as used in NAHA and in the U I t, t 3 t he terms for the - assisted housing programs administered under it. To make the usage uniform under this part "very low income" and "low income" are used here.) Middle Income Famil y'. Family whose incomes are between SO and 95 percent of the median income for ? the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller or larger families, except that H may _ establish income ceilings higher or lower than 95 per of the median for to iN on costs or�fair market of findings that such variations are necessaryecause of Prevailing definition clorressponds [o the term "moderate-income _ tents, or unusually high or low family incomes. famii 'under the CHAS statute, 42 U.S.C. 12705. In addition, this definition is different than that for I the CDBG Program.) zurivn,�xDrcwrr.�nwErrNtrt.ons I-5 I r Overhoused: Overhoused is defined as occurring when a dwelling unit has more than 1.01 rooms for each person residing therein (excluding bathrooms, halls, foyers, porches and half rooms). Owner: A household that owns the housing unit it occupies. (U.S. Census definition). _ Owner Occuoied: A housing unit that is both owned and occupied by the same person or family. This definition includes households where the owner resides and shares the unit with non-owner occupants, regardless of the financial arrangements between the owner and the other occupants. Person with a Disability.- A person who is determined to: (1) have a.physical, mental or emotional impairment that: (a) is exted to be of long-continued and indefinite duration; (b) substantially impeded pec his or her ability to live independently; (c) is of such a nature that the ability could be improved by more suitable housing conditions. A person shall also be considered to have a disability if he or she has a developmental disability as defined in the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act (42 in U.S.G 6001-6006). The term also includes the in an a�sist d 'trwith he deceased membelr f the the first sentence of this paragraph who were living household at the time of his or her death. = Phvsical Defects- A housing unit lacking complete kitchen, bathroom, or electricity (U.S. Census definition). Jurisdictions may expand upon the Census definition. Poverty Level: The minimum income level needed to sustain a family based an the cost old for of family y of basic goods as determined by the federal government. The average poverty four persons was 512,674 for 1 989. Poverty Level Fainii : Family with an income below the poverty line, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget and revised annually. Primary Housing,_ A means of providing or producing affordable housing such as rental g assistance, production, rehabilitation or acquisition — that will be allocated significant resources and/or pursued intensively for addressing a particular housing need. (See also, "secondary Housing Activity").not for a speciF 1c tenant- Project-Based (Rental) Assistance: Rental Assistance provided for ro that assistance upon moving from Tenants receiving project-based rental assistance give up the right the project Public Housing: Housing units that were purchased or developed with public funds and are currently owned and managed by a public housing authority. Public Housing CLAP: Public Housing Comprehensive Improvement Assistance Program. Public Housing MROP:'Public Housing Major Reconstruction of Obsolete Projects. I-7 ��,�NOARDVCONPL�N�OFpINITl.OM Service Needs: The particular services identified for special needs populations, which typically may include transportation, personal care, housekeeping, counseling, meals, case management, personal emergency Is to continue response, and other services to prevent premature institutionalization and assist individua living independently. Severe Cost Burden: The extent to which gross housing costs, including utility costs, exceed 50 percent ed on data available from the U.S. Census Bureau. of gross income, bas Severe Mental Illness: A serious and persistent mental or emotional impairment that significantly limits a person's ability to live independently. Sheltered: Families and persons whose primary nighttime residence is a supervised publicly- or perated shelter including emergency shelters, transitional housing for the homeless, domestic privately-o violence shelters;residential shelters for runaway and homeless youth, and not nc�udeotelrsonsrtliving voucher arrangement p or in o crowded or substandard conventional housing. Any facility offering permanent doubled up or in overcrowded _ housing is not a shelter, nor are its residents homeless. Small Related: A household of 2 to 4 persons which includes at least two related persons. j • Standard Condition: "Standard Condition" by local definition means units that are well maintained and in good condition with no repairs needed. State: Any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Substandard Condition but not Suitable for Rehab: BY local dfor rehabiiditatilong units that are such poor condition as to be neither structurally nor financially feasible Substandard Condition but Suitable for Rehab: By local definition, dwelling units that do not meet standard conditions but are both financially and structurally feasible for rehabilitation. This does not include units that require only cosmetic work, correction or minor livability problems or maintenance work. Substantial Amendment: A major change in a housing strategy submitted between scheduled annual submissions. It will usually involve a change to the five year strategy,.which may by a decision to undertake activities or programs inconsistent with that strategy. Substantial Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation of residential property at an average cost for the project in _ excess of $25,000 per dwelling unit. I Supportive Housing: Housing with a supporting environment, such as group homes or Single Room Occupancy(SRO) housing and other housing that includes a planned service component. 5 -JCLTT.tNS]�RD�COXPf.W�D£FINITLONS i a 1 a i 3 Vacant Housing Unit: Unoccupied year-round housing units that are available or intended for occupancy 4W at anytime during the year. Very Low Income Families:_ Low income families whose income does not exceed 50 percent of the median area income for the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller and larger families except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 50 percent of the median for the area on the basis of HUD's findings are necessary for use prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents or unusually high or low family incomes. Worst-Case Needs: Unassisted, very lowancome renter households who pay more than half of their income for rent, live in seriously substandard housing (which includes homeless people) or have been involuntarily displaced. Year Round Housing Units:_ Occupied and vacant housing units intended for year round use. (U.S. Census definition). Housing units for seasonal or migratory use are excluded. Note: Terms not defined above may be defined in the specific instructions for each table. If a term is not defined, the jurisdiction is to provide its own definition. too j 3 _ I-11 { 1 APPENDIX E CONTINUUM OF CARE FEDERAL MANDATE The Federal Mandate for streamlining and strengthening the Nation's efforts to break the existing cycle of homelessness and for preventing future homelessness, was formally established by President Bill Clinton's Executive Order in May 1993. This order led to the development of a Federal Plan that seeks to raise consciousness regarding homelessness and recommended immediate action to deal with the existing crisis and more far-reaching action to address the underlying roots of the problem. The Federal Plan has assessed that homelessness must be understood from two (2) inter-related categories of homelessness. The first is what is apply described as "crisis poverty" where lives are affected by hardships that cause episodic bouts of homelessness and a household is effectively one (1) paycheck away from homelessness. Fundamental to this area of homelessness, as viewed at the Federal level, are such problems as: The lack of affordable housing; poverty; changes in family structure; drugs; disabilities; chronic health problems; and changes in the labor market. The second category of homelessness, although not specifically described in this manner, is prolonged homelessness. Persons in this category have chronic disabilities such as: substance abuse; severe mental illness; chronic health problems; and longstanding family difficulties. This category of homeless suffers more frequent and extended periods of homelessness and are often the most visible. The problems of homeless persons in this category are exacerbated by the toll of street living. The Federal Plan has the ultimate goal of providing a decent and suitable living environment for the currently homeless and long-term changes to prevent homelessness. Continuum of Care System Addressing both the crisis poverty and prolonged homeless problems has been recognized, at the Federal level, to require a coherent public policy that reflects the multi-faceted problems of the homelessness. The vehicle that has been developed at this level to implement the Plan is called the "Continuum of Care System". This System is intended to provide a seamless system for addressing all needs by recognizing the existence of programmatic gaps and the necessity of involving the homeless, private business and foundations, the housing industry, non-profit organizations, homeless providers and all levels of government in resolving the problems of homelessness. The Continuum of Care System is composed of the following: E-1 Outreach Intake and Assessment T Emergency Shelters • Transitional Housing • Permanent Supportive Housing • Permanent Housing • Supportive Services within all components These components are considered to be fundamental to the system. Exhibit I demonstrates how these components are inter-connected as noted in the Exhibit, the systems begins at the emergency shelter/assessment level which provides immediate shelter for short-term stays and can identify an individual's or family's immediate needs. The next level is he transitional housing and necessary social services phase. Beyond the one month to two year residential stay this level is where the need for such social services as substance abuse treatment, short-term mental health services, independent living skills, etc., are assessed and provided. The last Phase which is the objective of the system, is permanent housing or a permanent supportive housing arrangement for those persons with long-term or chronic disabilities. Although not specifically including a component of the system, another vital aspect of the success of this approach is a strong homeless prevention strategy and while not all homeless individuals and families will need access to all phases of the system, all phases must be available and coordinated in a community. LOCAL INITIATIVE The City of San Bernardino has been committed to the systematic approach of addressing homelessness since early 1993. At that time, the concept of the need to provide services at various stages of homelessness was introduced. Exhibit II outlines the City's system. An integral aspect of this system was the realization that a City is the jurisdictional level where the results of homelessness are the most evident and the resolution of the problem expected. However, the causes of homelessness do not originate at the City level and just as the causes have a broader base of origin, the solution, including the provision of services, must have a broader base for response. The City, the largest in the County and the County seat, is a natural place for the homeless to seek services. Many County, State and Federal Governmental.agencies are located within the City's borders, as well as the service providers capable of handling larger volumes of clients. Unfortunately, having the services that draw homeless from other parts of the region, and thus experiencing a disproportionate burden, is not matched by the resources needed to meet the need. E-2 EXHIBIT I CONTINUUM OF CARE SYSTEM Outreach Intake _ Permanent Assessment Housing MMMMMM 91 ma'am Emergency Transitional 4DShelter Housing Permanent Supportive --------------------- Housing Supportive ______ Services 0 E-3 0 0 EXHIBIT II CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO - ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AGENCY HOMELESS SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN AT-RISK TO HOMEOWNERSHIP STAGES OF HOMELESSNESS The shadowed boxes, when read from left to right, indicate a progression or phase of homelessness a person might experience. The items noted below the last two boxes, reading from top to bottom, indicate a range of housing types, from least to most preferred. AT-RISK HOMELESS PERMANENT - Renter - Drop-in Center - Rental - Homeowner (Shower, food, nap) - Homeownership (1 - 3 mos. behind -Overnight Shelter - Support Services in payments) (4 - 3 Nights) - Support Services - Motel/hotel Vouchers - Emergency Sheter (3 Nts. - 6 Mos.) a - Domestic Violence Shelter -Transitional Housing (6 Mos. - 2 Yrs.) - Support Services noiauntiMa 5 1 ±1 J E E-4 1 i i f 3 y� 5 Over the last few years, the City has sought the cooperation of service providers and other governmental entities to develop at least a regional approach to implementing the City's system. The regional approach allows the City to involve and draw on the efforts of the County, other governmental jurisdictions and service providers throughout the area for the development of resources and programs that will be beneficial to the homeless throughout the area. Regional Overview 1. Background In the early 1990's, Arrowhead United Way, the City and County of San Bernardino and a variety of local service providers, began a serious effort to organize and address homelessness on a regional or County-wide basis. The result of that effort was the eventual formation of the San Bernardino County Homeless Coalition. Although originally financed and staffed by Economic Development Agency of the City San Bernardino, the Coalition has always attempted to approach the issues of homelessness County-wide. The earliest effort of the Coalition divided the organization of the County into more manageable regions and the creation of provider and public sector entity networks within each regional area. The next level of Coalition activity occurred in February 1992 with the first attempt since the 1990 Census, to count and analyze the homeless regionally. The results, taken over a one-day period during heavy winter weather conditions, were less than desired. In July 1992, to affect a truly regional perspective, the coordination of the Coalition was transferred to the County of San Bernardino. And in November 1992, as a method of compensating for the results in the earlier count, and with a newly hired coordinator, the Coalition attempted again to obtain more timely information. A three day count of the homeless which involved service provider distribution of survey forms during intakes as well as the traditional location of the unsheltered, was conducted. And although the information gathered has the same limitations of previous efforts, a snap shot perspective of an ever changing population, the strengthening of the provider, private and public sector commitment to a unified effort to address the needs of the homeless was assured. 2. Current Status of County Homeless In general, homelessness has grown as a problem in all communities in the County over the past decade. A considerable decline in employment and concomitant drop in property values are contributing factors. The area's once considerable military related industrial and commercial base is largely closed today. Some 4,000 civilian jobs, on and adjacent to military facilities, have been lost since base closings began in 1990. In addition, since the E-5 i 1 a a end of the cold war, the County has lost much of its traditional aerospace related industry. Also, the County has been extremely hard hit by the lingering California recession that started in the early 1990's and the San Bernardino Chamber of Commerce reports a decline of nearly 20%in skills related and manufacturing jobs in the County. Other factors contributing to homelessness in this area include: substance abuse; family fragmentation; community violence; and, the influx of transient homeless persons. As noted, the two attempts to count the homeless in 1992 resulted in less than definitive information on the number within the County. Although precise, un-duplicated numbers are not available, the increase in service demands alone, indicates a growing problem throughout the area. Some of the conclusions that were drawn from the surveys include: • About 20% of current homeless individuals and families are thought to have come from outside of the County since 1990. • About 3,100 persons are estimated to be homeless in the County on any given day of the year. Of these, about 300 are families and 1,200 children. • homeless persons live in virtually every City in the County and throughout 1 unincorporated areas; 1 J 0 about 43% of homeless persons in the County are children; • the average age of homeless persons in the County is younger(average age 23.3 years) than the County as a whole (27.7 years); • women make up fully 40% of the County's homeless population • 20% of homeless families are headed by single female parents • African American and Latinos make up a disproportionate share of the homeless population; and, l 63% of surveyed homeless persons receive AFDC and 58% receive Food Stamps. In addition, the Community Services Department of the County of San Bernardino (CSD) has completed an assessment of the homeless population County-wide. Information has been derived from discussions with service providers in efforts to update data on the homeless. The CSD has particularly noted that homeless individuals, homeless persons with disabilities, and families who are homeless experience greater risk of harm and danger than a E-6 9 woo- i persons who are not homeless. Homelessness creates a very debilitating cycle that introduces persistent uncertainty, violence and fear into every day life. Where drug or alcohol use were involved prior to homelessness, the homeless status exacerbates these and other dependencies and in turn becomes causal. The County's homeless population has been increasing at about seven percent (7%) annually since 1990. The present estimated homeless population of 3,100 is about three percent (3%) of the County's total population at or below the federal poverty level. the increase in homelessness in the County is attributed to a number of factors, not the least of which is a marked loss in public and private sector jobs and the loss of equity by homeowners. The decrease in the value of properties means that many at-risk individuals or families find themselves less than three (3) paychecks away from homelessness. The equity cushion that many had for years has disappeared. The increase in home foreclosures, and individual and business bankruptcy's is testament to this changed circumstance. While the relative numbers of persons who are homeless is increasing the type of people new to homelessness is changing. Persons who considered themselves middle class now find themselves in a downwards economic and social spiral without the equity nest egg they once believed they could depend upon. The relative number of families homeless in our County is increasing as is the number of homeless families and others, we found that fully forty-three percent (43%) of homeless were children and that the median age of the homeless population, not surprisingly, had dropped to 23.3 years vs. the median age County-wide of 27.7 years. the majority of families who are homeless in our County have children of pre-school age. The County is socially and economically diverse with household incomes in some mountain and recreational communities among the highest in Southern California and other areas quite impoverished. An estimated twelve percent (12%) of County residents have poverty level incomes and another twenty percent (20%) have incomes less than 200% of the poverty level. In addition to the 3,100 estimated homeless individuals and 300 estimated homeless families, the County has a large number of"unknown" individuals and families who live in campgrounds, forests, under bridges, in cars, and who double up with other families and friends, as well as the migrant and seasonal homeless farm workers in agricultural areas. Characteristics of the homeless population include the absence of a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. The homeless oriented housing providers in the County have a capacity of approximately 250 beds. The shortfall is considerable. The homeless population includes two (2) parent families, abused and/or abandoned women and children, teenagers, the disabled, and low income persons lacking adequate support systems or coping E-7 0 a skills. The reasons for homelessness are many, include: lack of affordable housing, a large and growing gap between housing costs and low wages, cutbacks in federal housing assistance, personal emergencies, chronic substance abuse, insufficient support systems, spousal abandonment, domestic violence and abuse, physical or mental illness, including AIDS and related conditions, and a lack of appropriate life skills. As a result, homeless persons and families stay overnight n vehicles, garages, campgrounds, substandard and/or overcrowded housing units, in addition to staying on the street, under bridges, or in fields as indicated above. In addition to the existing homeless population, there is a significant and growing "at-risk" population of people who may become homeless. Between ten percent (10%) and thirteen percent (13%) of low(below 80% of median income) and very low income (below 50% of median income) renter households in the County are living in overcrowded conditions (as reported in the 1990 census) and age, therefore, at-risk of becoming homeless. Overcrowding and overpaying are growing housing problems in our Cities and rural settled areas, due to the increasing high cost of housing while incomes remain fixed or decline. An estimated eight percent (80%) of employed persons commute ten(10) miles or more for employment with majority commuting to other counties in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Unemployment averages from 8-16% of the work force in different parts of the County and considerably higher in ghetto and barrio communities. It is also considerably .•• higher for young persons. In the County, female householder families with pre-school age children are the most vulnerable for homelessness and associated family problems. The City of San Bernardino's homeless has been estimated to range in size from 512 obtained in the 1990 Census count, to 1121 in the November 1992 three-day County count to 1700 obtained from information provided by service providers. The causes and those affected by homelessness, as noted in the November 1992 count, are consistent with the information provided by CSD for the County. Some the highlights of the count include: • 20% of those counted were under the age of 5, 29 percent of the homeless overall were children. • the average age of the homeless was 28.2 years compared to 23.3 for the County. • 749 households were identified of which: 80 percent were single person and 11 percent were female headed. • 36 percent of the homeless were White, the largest racial group, with the next largest group, Black, made up 31 percent of the homeless. � w E-8 d a • 27 percent of those surveyed said that they slept with friends or relatives while an equal percentage slept in shelters. • 30 percent stated that their reason for homelessness was loss of a job while another 26 percent stated that they had been forced out or evicted from a unit. • 20 percent surveyed stated that alcohol or drug abuse caused them to become homeless and an equal percentage were asked to leave after sharing a home with friends or relatives. • 53 percent of the respondents who provided information indicated they received food stamps, 39 percent received AFDC and 14 percent stated that they had no source of income. • the average length of homelessness was 9.4 months. 3. Current Services and Needs A. Basis of the County Continuum of Care System Another result of the November 1992 effort was the realization that a more reliable approach to counting, tracking the progress, and identifying the needs of the homeless was required. In early 1993, a unique opportunity to develop a computer system that would network the providers, track the homeless and produce un-duplicated counts was presented to the Country-wide Homeless Coalition. Through a Coalition participant who was also a realtor, the designers and operators of the Multiple Listing Service for the Boards of Realtors and the 911 emergency phone system offered to redesign existing computer software to meet the needs of a homeless computer network. PRC Systems, Inc. over the last two years and using their Multiple Listing software as a base, has designed a system which allows service providers to obtain such information as the location of services and the availability of shelter beds, throughout the County. The PRC staff worked with a committee of large intake providers and public agencies located throughout the County to design a system that would be "user friendly" while producing data of the highest reliability. The San Bgrnardino County Homeless Coalition Shelter and Support Services Computer Network allows providers to conduct a through intake on client and agencies needing un-duplicated counts of the homeless to obtain up to date information. The Network is also capable of protecting the confidentiality of clients seeking services. A user of the Network can dial from a E-9 i w _ personal computer into the host computer to gain access to the Network. In addition, the Network provides a means of communication to users via the availability of a message retrieval mechanism. The Network has been operational since December 1994. Users such as service providers and public agencies will be trained on an ongoing basis with the goal of having 25 to 50 percent of the currently identified users "on-line" by the end of 1995. The data on clients may still be limited at that time, but with the larger agencies targeted to receive training first, the data that will be available is expected to yield a much more reliable perspective on the composition and needs of clients. The Network is the basis for all aspects of the Continuum of Care System for the County. A broad range of service providers have been attracted as participants in the Network. Users of the Network can anticipate access to providers serving homeless people along the full continuum of care, including prevention services, outreach, intake and referral; emergency shelters with needs assessments and transitional and permanent housing program. B. Prevention In one sense, everything done for poor people is homeless prevention. Local response often is crisis oriented focusing on providing food, shelter, and rental subsidy assistance to those who are already homeless. Homeless prevention programs attempt to stabilize persons at highest risk of homeless homelessness while they are still housed. The primary service is targeted financial assistance for rent, mortgage, utilities, or relocation. Supportive programs provide legal aid landlord/tenant mediation, budget counseling, referrals to other assistance programs, and case management services aimed at stabilization and achieving self-sufficiency in additional to the financial assistance. The largest prevention program in the County is administered by the County Department of Public Social Services. The Aid to Families with Dependent children (AFDC)Homeless Assistance Program provides vouchers to qualified homeless families with children to purchase temporary or permanent shelter. Assistance is available for sixteen(16) days and once every twenty-four(24)months. Another program is administered by CSD includes Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) emergency food and shelter program serviQes. Eligible persons also receive emergency rent and utility funds with a stipend of$200 being available to individuals and families. CSD also administers a tenant based assistance program funded under the HOME Investment Partnership Act (HOME). This program is designed to assist homeless to locate and afford rental housing. E-10 0 The City of San Bernardino funds a unique homeless prevention program Called the Rent/Deposit Guarantee Program. This Program is funded with Redevelopment Housing Set-Aside funds and assists low income workers who are at risk of becoming homeless, or who have become because of an unforeseen emergency such as an illness, reduction in work hours, death in the family, etc. The objective of the Rent/Deposit Program is to provide the working poor with a "safety net" similar to the AFDC homeless program. In a conference coordinated by the Homeless Coalition in January, 1994, at the University of Redlands, participants concluded that preventing homelessness or repeated homelessness was the primary need. The conferees concluded that supportive services was the key to effect prevention and to helping families stabilize and get back on their feet. They felt similarly abut the needs of individuals. Case management, individualized services and follow-up were prescribed as essentials to prevention. Participants identified the need for client job skills development, emergency and transitional housing, budget management, entitlement assistance, child care and transportation as the essential overlay to breaking the cycle of homelessness. C. Outreach and Assessment Outreach is the first and most critical step in connecting or reconnecting a homeless individual to needed health, mental health, social welfare, and hosing services. Effective outreach is imperative and is often the weakest link in he continuum of care. The Coalition's Homeless Computer Network System will greatly expand the current efforts to locate people on the street, engage hem in services, assess needs, link them with support services and placement, with follow-up, suitable to their needs. The Network will effectively extend the resources of all agencies by more appropriately, and more efficiently direct clients to services. Supportive services for outreach are quite limited. The County Department of Public Social Services assigns five(5) full-time case managers throughout the County to work exclusively with homeless families. The case managers, who maintain caseloads of no more than fifteen(15) individuals of families, are only able to provide individualized assistance to seventy-five(75) families at any given time. At this time, the City is wholly dependent on the outreach provided by the County, including Mental Health, and non-profit service providers. The only direct service the City provides is a hand-out that indicates the location and types of emergency shelter and food sources immediately available to the homeless. These handouts have been E-11 made available to the City police Department, Downtown security groups, local businesses and provider agencies. The Homeless Coalition prescribes change for the County, recommending that gaps be filled at the "front end". They identified need for outreach, assessment, access, information-sharing, and use of the County's computerized system to aid the assessment and referral process and track homeless individuals and families through the continuum of care. D. Emergency Shelters In San Bernardino County, the short-term housing system is characterized by a healthy diversity in programs, target populations, and service providers, almost exclusively provided by the non-profit sector. Emergency shelters and missions typically provide short-term stays of thirty to sixty(30 to 60) days; some provide extended stays up to six (6) months. Emergency shelter programs are increasingly trying to expand service delivery and help move homeless clients directly into transitional and permanent housing. There are 136 emergency shelter beds for families with children (Three (3) days up to ninety(90) days)within the County. And, eighty-one (8 1) emergency shelter beds for single adults, including senior citizens. In addition, there are sixty (60)beds for homeless mentally ill. The following are emergency facilities and beds available in and around the City including beds for homeless battered women: • Frazee Community Center: Thirty-seven(37)bed capacity, men, women, families and seniors. • Salvation Army: Seventy bed (70)bed capacity, men, women with the ability to almost double the space during the cold weather period. • Samaritan Shelter: Twenty-five(25) bed capacity for men, women and families. • County Department of Mental, through provider contracts, funds thirty-five (35) beds for the mentally ill homeless. • Option House, Inc.: Up to twenty(20) beds Many parts of the County lack beds. Some communities rely wholly on limited motel vouchers to temporarily house(an average of three(3) nights) homeless individuals and E-12 l families. A random sampling of services conducted by the Homeless Coalition in 1993 found that only about 15% of all assisted families had follow-up assistance beyond their stay in emergency shelter or related housing. In 1993, only twenty-five (25) individuals and/or families were provided follow-up services in the form of case management six(6) months after being homeless. In the same sampling, the Coalition found that forty-one(41%) of single parent households were unable to secure permanent housing after being homeless. In addition, forty-five (45%) of those served were homeless at lease once before. The County presently has a limited number of dedicated beds for homeless substance users of mentally ill homeless persons. About 450 emergency shelter vouchers were issued in 1994 to substance abusers or mentally disabled homeless persons to accommodate the short-fall in available housing. In additional, there are only forty-five (45) drug recovery beds for males and females. Waiting lists are common, and there are no facilities for homeless dual diagnosis persons. D. Transitional Housing Transitional housing programs differ from shelters in that they are more service-rich, often provide stays of up to two (2)years, and sometimes ask for a share of cost from residents. Within the County there are four(4) agencies providing transitional beds for homeless individuals and families and one (1) facility that serves homeless battered women, three (3) of which are in the City of San Bernardino: • St. Mark's Episcopal Church: Seven (7) apartments • Family Service Association of Redlands: Vouchers for housing • Frazee Community Center of San Bernardino: Four(4) apartments • Operation Grace of San Bernardino: Two (2) apartments • Option House, Inc.: Up to sixteen(16) beds, ten(10) of which would be converted emergency shelter beds if use allows. There are three overriding needs in this area for the County and City. The first is to develop new housing resources for homeless persons, the second is homelessness prevention, and the third are transitional units for special needs populations. The need for additional resources is more than an issue of numbers. The County is so large that the few such resources are miles, often 100 miles or more apart. The distance involved, E-13 particularly for persons without transportation, make this resource especially problematic. Also, there is a tremendous need to bring new supportive services resources to persons in transitional settings including transportation,job training and placement services, permanent housing placement, parenting classes, literacy skills, health care, mental health counseling and drug/alcohol treatment. So, along with increasing the absolute number of facilities and beds, case managed education and employment training; budget counseling; assistance with accessing affordable housing; and substance abuse counseling are greatly needed. The CSD estimates that available services are able to serve less than ten percent (10%) of the need on any given day. E. Permanent Housing The County Housing Authority owns and manages 1,986 units. Ten percent (10%) of the units are dedicated to elderly households, about (60%) to small households of 2-4 persons, and the remainder to others including very large families. There are currently thirty-two (32) assisted projects in the County receiving federal housing assistance and three (3) projects receiving Section 221(d)(3) assistance from HUD. The County's Multi-family Mortgage Revenue Bond Program provides 1,598 additional units and the Single Family Mortgage Revenue bond Program has developed a total of 3,675 units. This component of the care spectrum has increasingly become specialized in creating housing to meet the needs of various sub-populations of the homeless, including the mentally ill, people living with HIV/AIDS, persons with substance abuse problems, and families. F. Special Needs Housing: The housing needs noted in this category of services covers emergency, transitional and permanent housing needs. is The Community Services Department has an active agreement with the Housing Authority to coordinate services whenever possible. In addition, CSD is participating in a Section 8 Pilot Homeless Program with the Housing Authority, which gives top priority to motivated homeless families with children to receive housing vouchers. Homeless families from CSD's programs use Section 8 housing. CSD is also currently administering, a security deposit program for the Economic and Community Development Department of the County through the HOME program. Under this program eligible applicants may receive security and utility deposit assistance necessary to move into permanent housing. The San Bernardino County Department of Mental Health operates programs that address the E-14 needs of the homeless population we wish to serve, and referrals will be made for mental health evaluations, substance abuse counseling, clinical testing and services crucial to stabilizing our clients. The San Bernardino County Homeless Coalition meets on an on-going basis to coordinate services and exchange information about resources. • Veterans Alcoholic Rehabilitation Program: Twenty-five (25) drug or alcohol beds • Gibson House: Eighteen (18) women alcoholic recovery • Bethlehem House: Seventy(70) women and children • Option House: Thirty (30) women and children • Domestic Violence Education and Services: families • House of Ruth: Nine (9) AIDS beds The proposed project will enable the collaborative t significantly expand the availability of the project's supportive services. The supportive services program will provide participants with comprehensive personal and life skills training; basic skills training;job training and placement; referral for primary medical, dental, and mental health care; and referral for substance abuse treatment and prevention. The overall intent is to help participating individuals and families achieve successful independent living in appropriate and permanent affordable housing settings. E-15 e M APPENDIX F AMENDMENTS/RESPONSES TO COMMENTS CERTIFICATIONS In accordance with the applicable statutes and the regulations governing the Housing and Community Development Plan regulations, the City of San Bernardino certifies that: Citizen Participation Plan -- It is following a detailed citizen participation plan which: I. Provides for and encourages citizen participation, with particular emphasis on participation by persons of low and moderate income who are residents of slum and blighted areas and of areas in which funds are proposed to be used, and provides for participation of residents in low and moderate income neighborhoods as defined by the local City of San Bernardino; 2. Provides citizens with reasonable and timely access to local meetings, information, and records relating to the grantee's proposed use of funds, as required by the regulations of the Secretary, and relating to the actual use of funds under the Act; 3. Provides for technical assistance to groups representative of persons of low and moderate income that request such assistance in developing proposals with the level and type of assistance to be determined by the grantee; 4. Provides for public hearings to obtain citizen views and to respond to proposals and questions at all stages of the community development program, including at least the development of needs, the review of proposed activities, and review of program performance, which hearings shall be held after adequate notice, at times and locations convenient to potential or actual beneficiaries, and with accommodation for the handicapped; 5. Provides for a timely written answer to written complaints and grievances, within 15 working days where practicable; and 6. Identifies how the needs of non-English speaking residents will be met in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can be reasonably expected to participate; K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD r} Citizen Participation -- Prior to submission of its housing and community development plan to HUD, the City of San Bernardino has: I. Met the citizen participation requirements of§91.xxx 2. Prepared its housing and community development plan and annual use of funds in accordance with §91.xxx and made its housing and community development plan submission available to the public. Affirmatively Further Fair Housing --The City of San Bernardino will affirmatively further fair housing, prepare an analysis of impediments and maintain records pertaining to carrying out this certification. Anti-Discrimination -- The grants will be conducted and administered in compliance with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d), the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3601-3620), the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, Executive Orders 11063, 11625, 12138, 12432 and 12892, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), the Americans with Disabilities Act (title 11) and implementing regulations. Anti-displacement and Relocation Plan -- It will comply with the acquisition and relocation requirements of the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, as amended, as required under§9 I.xxx and Federal implementing regulations; and that it has in effect and is following a residential antidisplacement and relocation assistance plan required under section 104(d) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, and the relocation requirements of §91.xxx governing optional relocation assistance under section 105(a)(I 1) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended; Drug Free Workplace -- It will or will continue to provide a drug-free workplace by: I. Publishing a statement notifying employees that the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession, or use of a controlled substance is prohibited in the grantee's workplace and specifying the actions that will be taken against employees for violation of such prohibition; 2. Establishing an ongoing drug-free awareness program to inform employees about- (a) The dangers of drug abuse in the workplace; (b) The grantee's policy of maintaining a drug-free workplace; (c) Any available drug counseling, rehabilitation, and employee assistance programs; and K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD (d) The penalties that may be imposed upon employees for drug abuse violations occurring in the workplace; 3. Making it a requirement that each employee to be engaged in the performance of the grant be given a copy of the statement required by paragraph I; 4. Notifying the employee in the statement required by paragraph I that, as a condition of employment under the grant, the employee will - (a) Abide by the terms of the statement; and b Notify the employer in writing of his or her conviction for a violation of a criminal ( ) drug statute occurring in the workplace no later than five calendar days after such conviction; 5. Notifying the agency in writing, within ten calendar days after receiving notice under subparagraph 4(b) from an employee or otherwise receiving actual notice of such conviction. Employers of convicted employees must provide notice, including position title, to every grant officer or other designee on whose grant activity the convicted employee was working, unless the Federal agency has designated a central point for the receipt of such notices. Notice shall include the identification number(s) of each affected grant; 6. Taking one of the following actions, within 30 calendar days of receiving notice under subparagraph 4(b), with respect to any employee who is so convicted - (a) Taking appropriate personnel action against such an employee, up to and including termination, consistent with the requirements of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended; or (b) Requiring such employee to participate satisfactorily in a drug abuse assistance or rehabilitation program approved for such purposes by a Federal, State, or local health, law enforcement, or other appropriate agency; 7. Making a good faith effort to continue to maintain a drug-free workplace through implementation of paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. 8. The grantee may insert in the space provided below the site(s) for the performance of work done in connection with the specific grant: Place of Performance (Street address, city, county, state, zip code) K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD Check—if there are workplaces on file that are not identified here;The certification with regard to the drug-free workplace required by 24 CFR part 24, subpart F. Anti-Lobbying --To the best of the City of San Bernardino's knowledge and belief: I. No Federal appropriated ro riated funds have been paid or will be paid, by or on behalf of it, to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with the awarding of any Federal contract, the making of any Federal grant, the making of any Federal loan, the entering into of any cooperative agreement, and the extension, continuation, renewal, amendment, or modification of any Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement; 2. If any funds other than Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with this Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement, it will complete and submit Standard Form-LLL, "Disclosure Form to Report Lobbying," in accordance with its instructions; and 3. It will require that the language of paragraph (n) of this certification be included in the award documents for all subawards at all tiers (including subcontracts, subgrants, and contracts under grants, loans,and cooperative agreements) and that all subrecipients shall certify and disclose accordingly;The City of San Bernardino is in compliance with restrictions on lobbying required by 24 CFR part 87, together with disclosure forms, if required by that part. Legal Authority-- It possesses legal authority under State and local law to make grant submissions and to execute a community development and housing programs and the City of San Bernardino's governing body has duly adopted or passed as an official act a resolution, motion or similar action authorizing the person identified as the official representative of the grantee to submit the housing and community development plan and amendments thereto and all understandings and assurances contained therein, and directing and authorizing the person identified as the official representative of the grantee to act in connection with the submission of the housing and community development plan and to provide such additional information as may be required; K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD Applicable Laws --The City of San Bernardino will comply with the other provisions of the Acts covering programs covered by the HCD plan and with other applicable laws. Signature Date Title K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD a z i Specific CDBG Certifications The Entitlement Community certifies that: Use of Funds -- It has developed its HCD plan one-year projected use of funds so as to give maximum j feasible priority to activities which benefit low and moderate income families or aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight; (the projected use of funds may also include activities which the grantee certifies are designed to meet other community development needs having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community, and other financial resources are not available); except that the aggregate use of CDBG funds received under section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, and if applicable, under section 108 of the same Act, during program year(s) 199_ , (a period specified by the j grantee consisting of one, two, or three specific consecutive program years), shall principally benefit persons of low and moderate income in a manner that ensures that not less than 70 percent of such funds are used for activities that benefit such persons during such period; j Community Development Plan-- It has developed a community development plan, for the period specified in the paragraph above, that identifies community development and housing needs and specifies both short j and long-term community development objectives that have been developed in accordance with the primary objective and requirements of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1 974, as amended; Special Assessments -- It will not attempt to recover any capital costs of public improvements assisted in whole or in part with funds provided under section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, or with amounts resulting from a guarantee under section I OS of the same Act by assessing any amount against properties owned and occupied by persons of low and moderate income, including any fee charged or assessment made as a condition of obtaining access to such public improvements, unless: I. Funds received under section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, are used to pay the proportion of such fee or assessment that relates to the capital costs of such public improvements that are financed from revenue sources other than under Title I of that Act; or 2. For purposes of assessing any amount against properties owned and occupied by persons of moderate income, the grantee certifies to the Secretary that it lacks sufficient funds received under section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, to comply with the requirements of subparagraph (1) above; Lead-Based Paint -- Its notification, inspection, testing and abatement procedures concerning lead-based paint will comply with §570.608; Excessive Force -- It has adopted and is enforcing: K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD s i f s i I. A policy prohibiting the use of excessive force by law enforcement agencies within its City of San Bernardino against any individuals engaged in non-violent civil rights demonstrations; and 2. A policy of enforcing applicable State and local laws against physically barring entrance to or exit from a facility or location which is the subject of such non-violent civil rights demonstrations within its City of San Bernardino; Signature Date Title K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD i J OPTIONAL CERTIFICATION CDBG Submit the following certification only when one or more of the activities in the final statement are designed to meet other community development needs having a particular urgency as specified in 24 CFR 570.208(c): The grantee hereby certifies that the projected use of funds includes one or more specifically identified activities which are designed to meet other community development needs having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health and welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet such needs. Signature Date Title K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD Specific HOME Certifications The HOME participating City of San Bernardino certifies that: Appropriate Financial Assistance -- before committing any funds to a project, it will evaluate the project in accordance with the guidelines that it adopts for this purpose and will not invest any more HOME funds in combination with other Federal assistance than is necessary to provide affordable housing; Tenant Based Rental Assistance -- If the participating City of San Bernardino intends to provide tenant-based rental assistance: The use of HOME funds for tenant-based rental assistance is an essential element of the participating City of San Bernardino's annual approved housing strategy for expanding the supply, affordability, and availability of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing. Signature Date Title K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD ESG Certifications The Emergency Shelter Grantee certifies that: Match -- It will provide the matching supplemental funds required by §575.51. Describe the sources and amounts of the supplemental funds. Terms of Assistance -- It will comply with: (1) The requirements of§575.53 concerning the continued use of buildings, for which emergency shelter grant amounts are used, as emergency shelters for the homeless; (2) The building standards requirements of§575.55; and (3) The requirements of§575.57 concerning assistance to the homeless. Non-profit Subreci Tents -- It will conduct its emergency shelter grant activities and the unit of P P general local government will ensure that nonprofit recipients conduct their activities in conformity with the nondiscrimination and equal opportunity requirements contained in §575.59(a) and the other requirements of this part and of other applicable Federal law. Use of Commercial Buildings -- If grant amounts are proposed to be used to provide emergency shelter for the homeless in hotels or motels, or other commercial facilities providing transient housing: (1) The grantee or nonprofit recipient has executed (or will execute) an agreement with the provider of such housing that comparable living space, in terms of quality, available amenities, and square footage, will be available in the facility for use as emergency K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD I 0 I ' shelter for at least the applicable period specified in §575.53; (2) Leases negotiated between the grantee or nonprofit recipient with the provider of such housing will make available such living space at substantially less than the daily room rate otherwise charged by the facility; and (3) The grantee or nonprofit recipient has considered using other facilities as emergency shelters, and has determined that the use of such living space in the facilities provides the most cost-effective means of providing emergency shelter for the homeless in its City of San Bernardino. Environmental -- It assures that no renovation, major rehabilitation, or conversion activity funded through the Emergency Shelter Grant Program will: (1) Involve alterations to a property that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in a historic district or is immediately adjacent to a property that is listed on the Register, or is deemed by the State Historic Preservation Officer to be eligible for listing on the Register; (2) Take place in any 100-year floodplain designated by map by the Federal Emergency Management Agency; or (3) Be inconsistent with HUD environmental standards in 24 CFR part 51 or with the ' Management.I State's Coastal Zone M ement Ian. plan. Signature Date Title K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD i HOPWA Certifications i Terms of Assistance -- It will maintain any building or structure assisted with under the HOPWA program as a facility to provide assistance for eligible persons: (1) For a period of not less than 10 years in the case of assistance involving new construction, substantial rehabilitation or acquisition of a facility; and (2) For a period of not less than 3 years in cases involving non-substantial rehabilitation or repair of a building or structure; Signature Date Title 1 I s i i i a 3 K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD i i 1 C APPENDIX TO CERTIFICATIONS INSTRUCTIONS CONCERNING LOBBYING AND DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE REQUIREMENTS: A. Lobbying Certification This certification is a material representation of fact upon which reliance was placed when this transaction was made or entered into. Submission of this certification is a prerequisite for making or entering into this transaction imposed by section 1352, title 31, U.S. Code. Any person who fails to file the required certification shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $ 10,000 and not more than $100,000 for each such failure. B. Drug-Free Workplace Certification I. By signing and/or submitting this application or grant agreement, the grantee is providing the certification set out in paragraph (o). 2. The certification set out in paragraph (o) is a material representation of fact upon which reliance is placed when the agency awards the grant. If it is later determined that the grantee knowingly rendered a false certification, or otherwise violates the requirements of the Drug-Free Workplace Act, HUD, in addition to any other remedies available to the Federal Government, may take action authorized under the Drug-Free Workplace Act. 3. For grantees other than individuals, Alternate I applies. (This is the information to which entitlement grantees certify). 4. For grantees who are individuals, Alternate II applies. (Not applicable to CDBG Entitlement grantees.) 5. Workplaces under grants, for grantees other than individuals, need not be identified on the certification. If known, they may be identified in the grant application. If the grantee does not identify the workplaces at the time of application, or upon award, if there is no application, the grantee must keep the identity of the workplace(s) on file in its office and make the information available for Federal inspection. Failure to identify all known workplaces constitutes a violation of the grantee's drug-free workplace requirements. 6. Workplace identifications must include the actual address of buildings (or parts of buildings) or other sites where work under the grant takes place. Categorical descriptions may be used (e.g., all vehicles of a mass transit authority or State highway K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD a .AMr department while in operation, State employees in each local unemployment office, performers in concert halls or radio stations). j 7. If the workplace identified to the agency changes during the performance of the grant, the grantee shall inform the agency of the change(s), if it previously identified the workplaces in question (see paragraph five). 8. Definitions of terms in the Nonprocurement Suspension and Debarment common rule and Drug-Free Workplace common rule apply to this certification. Grantees' attention is called, in particular, to the following definitions from these rules: "Controlled substance" means a controlled substance in Schedules I through V of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C.812) and as further defined by regulation (21 CFR 1308.11 through 1308.15); "Conviction" means a finding of guilt (including a plea of nolo contendere) or imposition of sentence, or both, by any judicial body charged with the responsibility to determine violations of the Federal or State criminal drug statutes; "Criminal drug statute" means a Federal or non-Federal criminal statute involving the manufacture, distribution, dispensing, use, or possession of any controlled substance; "Employee" means the employee of a grantee directly engaged in the performance of work under a grant, including: (i) All "direct charge" employees; (ii) all "indirect charge" employees unless their impact or involvement is insignificant to the performance of the grant; and (iii) temporary personnel and consultants who are directly engaged in the performance of work under the grant and who are not on the grantee's payroll. This definition does not include workers not on the payroll of the grantee (e.g., volunteers, even if used to meet a matching requirement; consultants or independent contractors not on the grantee's payroll; or employees of subrecipients or subcontractors in covered workplaces). K:\CLIENTS\SANBERDO\CONPLAN\CERTIFIC.WPD IX. MONITORING PLAN IX. Monitoring Standards and Procedures. The City of San Bernardino understands that all efforts using federal, state and local resources to provide affordable housing to its residents must be conducted in accordance with established laws, regulations and sound management and accounting practices. Internal monitoring of the aforementioned affordable housing tasks will be conducted on an on-going basis by the City financial staff and the Economic Development Agency. In addition to the day-to-day supervision, the City will conduct regular meetings of staff regarding progress and performance in adhering to all established requirements. Periodic reports will also be submitted to the appropriate City officials, HUD, the State of California Housing and Community Development Department and the San Bernardino County Housing Authority. In order to control and properly account for any nonprofits that will carry out Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME, HOPE III and redevelopment set-aside funded programs and perhaps other federal and/or state programs, the City has established a subrecipient monitoring program. At a minimum, this subrecipient monitoring program will require the submission of periodic reports on nonprofit activities and full and complete, audited financial statements. No funds will be dispersed to the nonprofits for their designated payees unless full documentation has been provided. 1 I a Y 3 APPENDICES APPENDIX A CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN r CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN INTRODUCTION AND POLICY STATEMENT It is the policy of the City of San Bernardino to provide for community involvement in the planning, development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programs funded under the Housing and Community Development Acts of 1974 and 1977, as amended, and the Cranston- Gonzales Act of 1990. The Citizen Participation Plan sets forth the procedures and guidelines to be implemented by the City to provide for the continuing participation by the citizens of San Bernardino. While the City desires and recognizes the need for citizen involvement, it is the City Council which has final determination and responsibility for all aspects of the City's Housing and Community Development Programs. This plan, originally adopted in 1975, may be amended from time to time by the City Council and shall remain in effect until superseded by a new plan or until the City no longer participates in the Housing and Community Development Block Grant Program, Home Investment Partnership Program, Emergency Shelter Grant Program, or other programs that pertain to the consolidated planning process as required by 24 CFR Parts 91,et. al. PURPOSE A summary of the primary objectives of the Participation Plan are provided below: 1. Ensure that citizens are informed of the amount of funds available under the Consolidated Plan, the range of activities that may be undertaken, as well as the various program requirements. 2. Provide for public hearings on community development and housing needs. 3. Provide citizens with adequate opportunities to participate in the development of the Consolidated Plan with any required changes, revisions, or amendments to the plan. 4. Provide technical assistance to citizens in developing specific proposals for funding consideration. 5. Provide an on-going process for citizens likely to be effected by program activities,to articulate needs,express preferences about proposed activities,assist in selecting priorities, and participate in the overall development of the Consolidated Plan. b. Provide a process through which citizens may participate in the monitoring and evaluation of community development and housing activities. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN March 16, 1995 Page -2- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. Provide a process whereby citizens may comment with respect to any aspect of the City's housing and community development performance and be assured that written comments will be considered and responded to in accordance with federal regulations. STANDARDS OF PARTICIPATION All aspects of the City's citizens participation efforts shall be conducted in an open manner with freedom of access to all interested parties. The City encourages the involvement of all groups including low and very low income persons,particularly those living in slum/blighted areas, and in areas where CDBG funds are proposed to be used including non-english speaking persons, as well as persons with mobility,visual or hearing impairments,members of minority groups, the elderly, the disabled, the business community, civic groups and the community at large. While this plan describes a specific citizen's organization (Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee), it is not intend to exclude any individual citizen input. All the citizens of San Bernardino are encouraged to participate in every public meeting and to contact the Development Department with any questions concerning the process and the programs pertaining to the Consolidated Plan including the Community Development Block Grant Prograin, Home Investment Partnership Program, Emergency Shelter Grant Program, or any other applicable future programs. :TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE To help facilitate citizen input,the City will provide technical assistance through its staff to the Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee as well as to groups representative of low, very low and extremely low income residents who may require such assistance in developing proposals for federal funding as required by federal regulations. Technical assistance may be provided by telephone,meetings, and workshops throughout the year. PUBLIC INFORMATION In order for citizens to become informed and involved in the Consolidated Plan process, the City will make available all relevant information including the following: 1. Material concerning the amount of funds available for proposed community development and housing activities and the range of activities that may be taken including the amount that will benefit the persons of low and very low income. 9 ag]j� Y CITIZEN PARTICIPATION*PLAN March 16, 1995 Page -3- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Applicable regulations and guidelines governing all aspects of the program. 3. Prior applications,final statements and amendments,grant agreements, grantee perfonnance reports, citizens participation plan and any other reports required by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). 4. Documents regarding other important program requirements such as contracting procedures,environmental policies, fair housing and other equal opportunity requirements and relocation provisions. 5. Mailings and promotional materials. 6. Minutes of meetings and hearings. 7. Any other documents the City believes is necessary to the consolidated planning process. The summary of the proposed Consolidated Plan will be published in one or more newspapers of general circulation. The surnrnary will provide the contents and the purpose of the Consolidated Plan and a list of locations where copies of the entire plan may be examined. Copies of the entire proposed plan will be available to the public at the Economic Development Agency office, City Hall, and at least three (3) City Libraries. A summary of comments regarding the proposed Consolidated Plan will be attached to the final Consolidated Plan. OUTREACH The City will attempt to achieve its level of public participation by organizations and the community through actively soliciting participation by these groups. Annual technical assistance workshops will be held in order to assist with the development of proposals for funding. Letters of invitation to attend the public hearing to receive input on housing and non housing community development needs will be sent to community service organizations,business organizations, Chamber of Cornmerce,religious organizations and any other applicable groups and affected parties showing an interest in the Consolidated Plan. The City will also coordinate its planning activities with the Housing Authority as well as any other applicable inter-governmental jurisdictions impacted by the Consolidated Plan. CONSOLIDATED PLAN March 16, 1995 Page -4- COMPLAINTS The City will make every reasonable effort to provide written responses to complaints within 15 working days. A copy of each written citizen comment or complaint regarding the City's housing and community development performance under the Consolidated Plan,the City's assessment of the cornment or complaint and a description of any action taken or written response made will be kept on file as a public record. J!UBLIC MEETINGS AND PUBLIC HEARINGS The City will conduct public meetings and public hearings during various phases of the Consolidated Plan process each fiscal program year. All public meetings and public hearings shall be open to the public. Meetings will be held at tunes and at locations in the City that are convenient and acceptable to potential and actual beneficiaries. Special accomendations shall be made for persons with disabilities upon advance notice and as necessary. In cases where a significant number of non-english speaking residents are reasonably expected to participate, an interpreter will be provided by the City upon advance notice and as necessary. The City Council shall conduct a total of three (3)public hearings during the fiscal program year. A public hearing will be held prior to publishing the proposed Consolidated Plan. The purpose of this public hearing is to obtain views of citizens on housing and community development needs, including priority non-housing community development needs. A second public hearing will be held to obtain views on the proposed Consolidated Plan prior to its review and adoption by the City Council. A third public hearing will be held in order to review program performance. Prior to each public hearing, a legal notice shall be published in one or more newspapers of general circulation within a reasonable tune frame. The legal notice shall contain the following information: 1. Date of hearing. 2 Time of hearing. 3. Place of hearing. 4. Topic to be considered. 5. Basic information about the program. CONSOLIDATED PLAN March 16, 1995 Page -5- COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CITIZEN ADVISORY COMMITTEE (CDCACI 1l�l.l�• 1 A.l 4 STRUCTURE Size and appointment The Community Development Citizens Advisory Conunittee shall consist of 15 members. Each member of the City Council shall appoint one (1) member for a total of seven (7) members. The Mayor shall appoint the other eight (8)members. Term of Office Each member shall serve at the pleasure of his/her appointee. The tern of office shall automatically expire with the succession of their appointees service as City Council rneinber or Mayor. The CDCAC shall have a chairperson and vice chairpersons. Both shall be elected from and by the members of the CDCAC each year. Meetings The CDCAC will meet as often as required during the period set aside for.reviewing proposals and establishing needs and priorities, and as needed during the balance of the program year. All other regularly scheduled meetings are held on the third Thursday of a month on a quarterly basis (March,June, September, and December), and will be conducted in the Economic Development Agency Board Room (or other designated location as deemed necessary), located on the third floor of 201 North "E" Street, San Bernardino. All meetings are open to the public. Any member failing to attend three (3) or more scheduled meetings per fiscal year without being excused by the committee,shall automatically cease to be a member of the committee and the Mayor or City Council shall fill such vacancy immediately. ROLL AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CITIZEN ADVISORY COMMITTEE (CDCA ) The CDCAC is an advisory committee to the City Council which,by state law, is the responsible legislative body in matters relating to the programs associated with the Consolidated Plan and the Consolidated Plan process. The committee responsibilities shall include the following: CONSOLIDATED PLAN March 16, 1995 Page-6- ---—------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Scheduling public hearings on housing and community development needs and program performance. 2. Assisting in the identification of community needs,priorities and strategies. 3. Receiving and reviewing citizens conunents on housing and community development progress and performance. 4. Receiving and reviewing all housing and coinrnunity development project proposals for specific funding to include Community Development Block Grant, Home Partnership Investment Program, Emergency Shelter Grant Program, Section 108 Guarantee Loans, and CDBG Float Loans. 5. Preparing specific funding and program reconnnendations to the Mayor and City Council on the use of grant funds. 6. Assisting, monitoring and evaluating ongoing housing and community development program activities. 7. Reviewing and preparing recommendations to the Mayor and City Council on all proposed program changes, revisions,or amendments. 8. Receiving and answering citizen complaints regarding housing and community development activities. In addition to the responsibilities listed above the CDCAC will act as liaison between the community and the City. Therefore,the conunittee will also be responsible for meeting with citizen groups which represent residents impacted by community development and housing activities,providing technical assistance to citizen groups when`requested, and keeping the general community informed on housing and conununity development matters of importance. APPENDIX B COMMUNITY NEEDS SURVEY 1W CON50LIPATEP PLAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEED5 SURVEY The City of San Bernardino io starting a new planning process for the future use of federal housing and community developmentfunds: Community Development Block Grant(CDBG)and Home Investment PartnershipProgram (HOME). An important part of this Plan is to ask you,the resident,what you think are the important needsin your neighborhood. Please help the City of San Bernardino in preparing the Plan by completing the following survey. Please check the appropriate box below for each category showing what you think are the greatest unmet needs in your community. Please provide you input for each item. Please circle the category(s)you represent: Resident Business Community Group Church PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEED5 CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED 1. Public Facilities Needs a. Senior Citizen Center ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Youth Centers ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ c. Centers for the Disabled ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ J. Child Care Centers Preschool Daycare ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ e. Parks &Recreation Facilities ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ f. Parking Facilities ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ g. Other Neighborhood Facilities Community Centers ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ 2. Infrastructure Improvements a. Flood Prevention and/or ❑ Drainage Improvements ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Water System Improvements ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ G. Street Improvements ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Sewer Improvements ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ 3. Public Service Needs ❑ a. Senior Citizen Services ❑ ❑ b. Handicapped Services ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ c. Youth Services ❑ 0 E3 ❑ d. Transportation Services ❑ ❑ ❑ Q C. Substance Abuse Services ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ f. Employment Training ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ 0. Crime Awareness ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ h. Fair Housing Counseling ❑ 0 El L Lead Paint Testing & ❑ Abatement ❑ ❑ ❑ J. Other Public Service Needs (OVER) • PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED _ 4. Accessibility Needs (removal of Barriers i to the Handicapped) a. Public buildings ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Park &Recreation Facilities ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ C. Health Facilities ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Other Neighborhood Facilities/ Community Centers 5. Economic Development Needs a. Neighborhood -Based Small Business Uses (Laundromat,Grocery Market, etc.) ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Job Creation ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ c. Commercial Rehabilitation ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Business Support Services ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ e. Other Economic Development Needs I6. Housing Needs a. Residential Rehabilitation ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Improvements for Handicapped Accessibility ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ C. Residential Property Maintenance/ Code Enforcement ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Homeownership Assistance ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ C. Rental Housing Development ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ f. Homeless/Transitional Housing ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ g. Special Needs Housing Facilities: Mental Illness ❑ L1 ❑ ❑ Drug/Alcohol Abuse ❑ ❑ Ell El HIV Needs ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ h. Tenant-Based Rental Assistance ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ i Homeowner Rehabilitation ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ j. Other Housing Needs To allow the City of San Bernardino to evaluate needs by g eographical area, please identify the nearest cro55 Street to your residence or your complete address if you wish to be notified of upcoming meetings and hearings on these subjects: Name(Optional): Address or Nearest Cross Streets: PLEA5E RETURN 5URVEY TO: Housing Division City of San Bernardino 201 N.E 5treet 3rd Floor San Bernardino,CA 92401 (909),354-5081 5u vey Revised April 9,1995 K:\CLIENT5\5AN6ER00\CONPLAN\CPSURVEY."[) PLAN UNIFICADO ENCUESTA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE NECESIDADES COMUNITARIA.S La Ciudad de San Bernardino esta empezando un nuevo proceso de planeamiento para el use futuro de fondos federales pars el desarrollo habitacional y comunal: Paquetes de Consesiones pars el Desarrollo Comunitario (CDBG), Programas Habitacionales de Inversion Conjunta(HOME)y Programas de Conseciones para Refugios de Emergencia (ESGP). Una parte importante de este plan es preguntarte a ti,el residente, cuales son las necesidades mas importantes en to vecindario. Por favor, ayuda a la Ciudad de San Bernardino a preparar el plan completando la siguiente encuesta. Por favor,marque abajo el cuadro apropiado indicando cuales son las necesidades mas urgentes de su comunidad. Nos gustaria saber to que piensa con relacion a los diferentes topicos. Marque la categoria(s) que represents con Residente Negocio Grupo Comunitario Iglesia un circulo• NIVEL DE NECESIDAD NO CATEGORIA DE NECESIDAD ALTO MEDIANO BAJO HAY NECESIDAD 1. Necesidad de Facilidades Publicas a. Centros para Ancianos ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Centros pars Jovenes ❑ 11 El C. Centros para Incapacitados ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ CL Centros para Cuidado de Ninos Pre-escolar durante el dia 11 13 0 El e. Facilidades de Parques y Recreacion ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ £ Facilidades de Estacionamiento ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ g. Otras Facilidades para el Vecindario ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Centros para la Comunidad 2 Mejoramientos de Infraestructura a. Prevencion de inundacion o ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Mejoramiento del Drenaje ❑ ❑; ❑ ❑ b. Mejoramiento del Servicio de Agua ❑ ❑ Cl ❑ C. Mejoramiento de Calles ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ CL Mejoramiento del Dranaje ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ 3. Necesidad de Servicios Publicos a. Servicios pars Ancianos ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Servicios para Incapacitados C1 ❑ ❑ Q Servicios pars Jovenes ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Servicios de Transportacion ❑ ❑ Cl ❑ 0 NIVEL DE NECESIDAD NO 'EGORIA DE NECESIDAD ALTO MEDIANO BAJO HAY NECESIDAD 3_ Necesidad de Servicios Publicos e. Servicios para Adictos ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ f. Entrenamiento para Empleos ❑ ❑ C] 13 g. Conciencia del Crimen 13 11 1:1 h. Consejos justos sobre Viviendas ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ i Pruebas en pinturas con Plomo y su disminucion ❑ ❑ C1❑ j. Otras Necesidades de Servicios Publicos ❑ ❑ C1 ❑ I4_ Necesidades de Accesibilidad(Remover Barreras pars los Incapacitados) a. Edificios Publicos ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ b. Facilidades de Parques y Recreacion ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ C. Facilidades de Salud C1 11 0 ❑ CL Otras Facilidades del Vecindario/ ❑ ❑ 13 ❑ Centros Comunitarios Necesidades de Desarrollo Economico a. Vecindario-Pequenos Negocios Uso (Lavanderia, Supermercado etc.) ❑ ❑ ❑ 11 b. Creacion de Trabajo ❑ ❑ ❑ Cl C. Rehabilitacion Commercial ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ d. Servicios para apoyar Negocios ❑ ❑ C3 ❑ e. Otras Necesidades de Desarrollo ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Economico 6- Necesidades de Vivienda a. Rehabilitacion de Residencias ❑ 13 11 C1 b. Mejoramientos para Incapacitados Accesibilidad ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ C. Mantenimiento de Propiedades Residenciales Cumplimiento de Codigos ❑ ❑ ❑ O d. Asistencia para poseer casa propia ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ e. Desarrollo deViviendas para Inquilinos ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ f Sin Hogar/Vivienda de Transicion ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ g. Necesidades Especiales para Facilidades de Vivienda Enfennedades Mentales 13 C3 C3 10 Drogas/Abuso de Alcohol 13 ❑ ❑ ❑ IQ NIVEL DE NECESIDAD NO Ch.,'EGORIA DE NECESIDAD ALTO MEDIANO BAJO HAY NECESIDAD 6. Necesidades de Vivienda SIDA Necesidades ❑ Cl ❑ ❑ h. Arrendamiento: Ayuda para la renta ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ i. Rehabilitacion pars Duenos de Casa ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ j. Otras Necesidades de Vivienda ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Otras necesidades (No identificadas): Con el objeto de permitir a la Ciudad de San Bernardino una evaluacion por area geografica, por favor identifique la calle principal mas cercana o que va transversal a su residencia. NOMBRE(Opcional)• L ICCION O CALLE MAS CERCANA: FOR FAVOR ENVIE SU ENCUESTA A: Coordinador de Formas Publicas Agencia de Desarrollo Economico(EDA) 201 North "E" Street,Third Floor San Bernardino, CA 92401-1507 APPENDIX C COMMUNITY NEEDS SURVEY RESPONSES CONSOLIDATED PLAN 00k CONUMEUNM DEVELOPMENT NEEDS SURVEY The City of San Bernardino is starting a new planning process for the future use of federal housing and community development funds: Community Development Block Grant(CDBG),Home Investment Partnership Program(HOME) and Emergency Shelter Grant Program (ESGP). An important part of this Plan is to ask you, the resident, what you think are the important needs in your neighborhood. Please help the City of San Bernardino in preparing the Plan by completing the following survey. We ask that you would fill out this survay and mail it back to the City of San Bern9rdhlo Econornic Developecnent Agency at 201 North E Street by March 7, 1995. Please check the appropriate box below for each category showing what you think are the greatest unmet needs in your community. Please provide your input for each item. Please circle the category(s)you represent: Resident Business Community Group Church PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED Public Facilities Heeds a. Senior Citizen Center j I b. Youth Centers l l -�— 7Z y C. Centers for the Disabled 711-17 d. Child Cate Centers y ? z Preschool Daycare -71 e. Parks &Recreation Facilities _Ze 7 -- , £ Parking Facilities -1-7- J/7 L- g. Other Neighborhood Facilities f �- Community Centers 2 Infrastructure Improvements a. Flood Prevention and/or L y6 Drainage Improvements s - b. Water System Improvements C. Street Improvements -24 - �1--- _ d. Sewer Improvements - � - - 3. Public Service Needs y J �� -l G 1� a. Senior Citizen Services --I-- _ b. Handicapped Services �L 7 7 C. Youth Services ` 41 d. Transportation Services .��� -LZ PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY HIGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED 3. Public Service Needs 22 24/1 17 e. Substance Abuse Services £ Employment Training �- g. Crime Awareness Jr— h. Fair Housing Counseling i Lead Paint Testing& Abatement 22 2 L N 7 J- Other Public Service Needs 2-7 2-2 4 Accessibility Needs (Removal of Barriers to the Handicapped) f 7 a. Public Buildings 17 b. Park&Recreation Facilities y d - � . C. Health Facilities ��- 2 7 7 ?- LL Other Neighborhood Facilities/ 7 P �- Community Centers 5. Economic Development Needs a. Neighborhood-Based Small Business �3 7 Use (Laundromat, Grocery Market, etc.) 69 6 7 b. Job Creation JIL C. Commercial Rehabilitation rte - - �- d. Business Support Services .1I' *1 --71? -21 - 7 e. Other Economic Development Needs �L .?Z— 7 & Housing Needs Y 7 s j- 12- 6 a. Residential Rehabilitation 7-/ b. Improvements for Handicapped ;'-2 _r P _11__ Accessibility -IL- jl '` - C. Residential Property Maintenance/ 24 Code Enforcement -� - - - -Ii Z d. Homeownership Assistance ��- - -- z �U a Rental Housing Development 3 0 1L £ Homeless/Transitional Housing _ �- g. - Special Needs Housing Facilities: Lly 8 Mental Illness A/_ Drug/Alcohol Abuse PRIORITY NEED LEVEL NO NEEDS CATEGORY MGH MEDIUM LOW SUCH NEED _Z i? g 6. Housing Needs _ 2s HIV Needs _ h. Tenant-Based Rental Assistance L Homeowner Rehabilitation j. Other Housing Needs Needs to be Address (Not identified above): To allow the City of San Bernardino to evaluate needs by geographical area, please identify the nearest cross street to your residence or your complete address if you wish to be notified of upcoming meetings and hearings on these subjects: INAME(Optional): ADDRESS OR NEAREST CROSS STREET: 1 _p1 EASE RETURN SURVEY TO: Public Form Coordinator Econordic Development Agency 201 North "E" Street, Third Floor San Bernardino, CA 92401-1507 10 9 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO MEMORANDUM TO: Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee FROM: Norma J. Owens Homeless Services Analyst SUBJECT: CONSOLIDATED PLAN- FIRST YEAR ACTION PLAN FOR HOME AND ESG PROGRAMS DATE: April 10, 1995 COPIES: Agency Administrator, Acting Development Department Director, Acting Housing Manager, Project Manager, File -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The attached information provides the mix of program activities and the dollars to be expended for the HOME Investment Partnership Act (HOME) and Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG)Programs (Tables I and II) for the 1995-1996 Fiscal Year. A brief description of each of the Programs' activities is provided below. I HOME PROGRAM The City receives HOME grant funds for housing related activities. The following are the activities the Economic Development Agency(EDA) will undertake in the upcoming program year: - Program Administration: The HOME Program allows ten percent (10%) of the grant to be expended for the costs of administrating the Program, including such items as staff and monitoring of activities. - Moderate Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation of owner occupied single family and renter occupied multi-family residential properties will be accomplished under this activity. - Community Housing Development Organization (CHDft The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) requires the reservation of fifteen percent (15%) of the grant for qualified non-profit organization to undertaken HOME eligible activities. --------------------------------------------------------------------- cdcacD.njo(paw) Consolidated Plan April 10, 1995 Page- 2 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Tenant Based Assistance: This activity involves providing qualified low-income rental households with monthly subsidies to reduce their cost of housing. The tenants targeted for this activity are handicapped persons who are on the County Housing Authority's waiting list. This population is on a fixed income and severely impacted by housing costs. - CADO Administration: CHDO organizations, as non-profits are limited in their ability to raise funds for the initial administration of a housing project. HUD allows the jurisdiction receiving HOME funds to provide up to five percent (5%) of their overall grant for this purpose. ESG PROGRAM The City receives ESG funds to assist non-profit emergency shelters to provide services to the homeless. The EDA administers this Program and awards all of these funds through a competitive process. The following are the activities that will be funded in the upcoming program year. - Rehabilitation: Under this activity, a non-profit facility providing emergency shelter can receive funding for rehabilitation purposes. - Essential Services: An emergency shelter provides food, laundry, showers, transportation and support services to homeless individuals and families. This component of the program covers some of the costs of these services. - Operations: The operation of an emergency shelter includes such items as utilities, maintenance, security and equipment. - Homeless Prevention: This activity focuses on assisting households that are at-risk of becoming homeless --------------------------------------------------------------------- cdcacD.njo(paw) I Consolidated Plan April 10, 1995 Page- 3 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- through the payment of rent or assisting with obtaining rental housing. Administration: HUD allows an emergency shelter to expend five percent (5%) of the ESG funds on the administration of the shelter, including administrative staff costs. Norma I Owens, Homeless Services Analyst Development Department 10 Q ------------------------------------------------------------------- cdcacD.njo(paw) TABLE HOME FUNDING DISTRIBUTION FISCAL YEAR 1995 - 1996 Program Administration (10%) $146,000.00 Moderate Rehabilitation $922,000.00 CHDO Activity (15%) $219,000.00 Tenant Based Assistance $100,000.00 CHDO Aministration (5%) $73,000 TOTAL ALLOCATION $1,460,000.00 TABLE II EMERGENCY SHELTER GRANT PROGRAM FISCAL YEAR 1995 - 1996 Rehabilitation $16,000 Essential Services $22,700 Operatioms $62,350 Homeless Prevention $12,000 Administration $5,950 TOTAL ALLOCATION $119,000.00 njo1:hmesfd95 10-Apr-95 CONSOLIDATED PLAN TOWN MEETING SLivIMARY MARCH 2, 1995 LOCATION: EDA BOARDROOM ATTENDANCE 1. Nancy Macklin San Bernardino Child Advocacy 2. Mary Andrade Lutheran Services- 1355 North "G" Street 3. Edgar Peterson Inland Empire Deaf Community Services 4. Bonnie O'Connor Children's Fund 5. Jerry Kerzman Salvation Army 6. Dr. S'Ann Freeman San Bernardino City Library Literacy- 555 W. 6th St. 7. Julia Jensen Option House- 1608 North "D" Street 8. Mary Holt San Bernardino City Library Literacy- 555 W. 6th St. 9. R. Kenneth Vargas Inland Temporary Homes-PO Box 239, Loma Linda 10. Michael Whither 189 South Grand Oaks 11. Candy Stalling San Bernardino Sexual Assault Services- 536 West 1 lth St. 12. Paula Miller Camp Fire- 536 West 11th Street 13. Gayle Bloomingdale CHS Inc. 14. Ellen Estilai Arts Foundation of S.B. Co. - 157 West Fifth Street 15. Tony Mino YMCA-216 West 6th Street 16. Gary Von Osdel SB County 17. Dave Larsen SB County-474 West 5th Street 18. Jerry Herndon Boys and Girls Club - 1180 West 9th L SUMMARY OF PUBLIC FACILITIES NEEDS A. General Comments 1. Provide workspace for artist for the benefit of low/mod income persons. 2. Upgrade community centers. 3. Renovation community centers. 4. Renovation of parking facilities at community centers. 5. Expansion of youth centers. 6. Expansion of battered women shelters. IL SUMMARY OF INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS B. General Comments 1. Need storm drains city-wide. 2. Increase eo-thermal hook-ups throughout the City. g P g M. SUMMARY OF PUBLIC SERVICE NEEDS C. General Comments 1. Provide more tutoring and other educational services for youth and adults. 2. Provide before and after school child care activities for youth, especially on the West Side. 3. Create transportation services for youth to attend before and after school facilities. 4. Provide more staff for providers to operate facilities at full capacity. 5. Establish a resource directory for providers. 6. Provide victim services for all areas of crime, i.e., counseling, especially SB Sexual Assault. 7. Target the youth for victim services. 8. Create teen-focused activities which get the youth off the streets. 9. Provide deaf services which will target all areas of the population. 10. Develop programs which encourage the mentor relationships between seniors and the youth. 11. Expand homeless support services by providing food services, emergency shelters, clothing services,job training with creation and transportation. 12. Provide more literacy programs for the City of San Bernardino. 13. Provide substance abuse services for youths and adults that have support and.detoxicate programs. 14. Provide crisis support services in all population areas. IV. ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS 1. Increase ADA improvements on fire systems, warning lights and etc., for all government buildings and non-profit facilities. V. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 1. Create more jobs for the City of San Bernardino. 2. Help provide funding for start up businesses like the small "mom.and pop" type. 3. Provide a business development center which will provide technical assistance, as well as capitalization for the business start-up. 4. Create a job training center for the new and old employees for We City of San Bernardino. VI HOUSING NEEDS 1. Help provide support services for people affected with the HIV virus. PP 2. Provide housing for the mentally ill and substance abusers. 3. Help develop emergency shelters for the City of San Bernardino. 4. Provide transition housing and shelters. 5. Provide rehabilitation for low income housing. 6. Create and enhance code enforcement for the City of San Bernardino. CONSOLIDATED PLAN TOWN MEETING SUMMARY MARCH 1, 1995 LOCATION: FELDHEYM LIBRARY-MARY BELLE KELLY ROOM ATTENDANCE 1. David Paxton 871 East Third Street, San Bernardino, CA 92410 2. Claude Comiel 345 West "D" Street, Colton, CA 92324 3. Larry Singleton 26944 Messina Street, Highland, CA 92346 4. Edgar Peterson 5044 Rockledge Drive,Riverside,CA 92506 5. Emigene Welliver 2266 Denair#212, Highland, CA 92346 6. Joy Bowen 3850 Atlantic Sp 95,Highland,CA 92346 7. Louise Lorenzen 4618 Electric Avenue,San Bernardino, CA 92407 8. Paula Miller 536 W. 1 lth St, Ste A,San Bernardino, CA 92410 9. Candy Stallings 536 W. 11th St, Ste C, San Bernardino, CA 922410 10. Mary Nesser 2590 Medical Ctr Dr, Sp 51, San Bernardino, CA, 92411 11. Trudy Matthews 2590 Medical Ctr Dr, SP 49, San Bernardino, CA 92411 12. Marlana Hale 2590 Medical Ctr Dr, San Bernardino, CA 92411 13. Juanita Dimmitt 2590 Medical Ctr Dr, San Bernardino, CA 92411 14. M. Irene Atwood 555 E. Olive, 9th St. School, San Bernardino, CA 92410 15. A.Hill 555 E. Olive, 9th St. School, San Bernardino, CA 92410 16. Susie Sillas 555 E. Olive, 9th St. School, San Bernardino, CA 92410 17. Mel Poer Mtn Shadows Mobilehome Community#162, 92346 18. Ed Scott 4040 Piedmont#284, San Bernardino, CA 92346 19. Lee Wisdom 4040 Piedmont Dr.,#69, San Bernardino, CA 92346 20. Lael R.Tallman 4040 Piedmont Dr.,#67,San Bernardino, CA 92346 21. Kaye Brineman 4040 Piedmont Dr.,#336,San Bernardino, CA 92346 22. R.Danny Brineman 4040 Piedmont Dr.,#336, San Bernardino, CA 92346 23. Ellen Estilai 157 W. Fifth Street,San Bernardino, CA 92402 24. Jacquelen Page 3074 Mayfiled Avenue,San Bernardino, CA 92405 25. Cindy Rinne 5453 Golondrina, San Bernardino,CA 92404 26. Ed Switzer 3348 Leroy St., San Bernardino, CA 92404 27. Patsy McDaniel 1480 Terracita Dr, San Bernardino, CA 92404. 28. Amy Ko 79.5 West 5th Street, San Bernardino, CA 92410 29. Bruce Ko 795 West 5th Street, San Bernardino, CA 92410 30. Madson,Jewel 2744 W. Rialto Ave.#18,Rialto,CA 92376 31. Cora Wheat 2744 W. Rialto Ave.#73,Rialto, CA 92376 32. Cindy Foster 2744 W. Rialto Ave.#55,Rialto, CA 92376 33. Don Foster 2744 W. Rialto Ave. #55,Rialto, CA 92376 34. Mike Whitten 189 S. Grand Oaks Pas., San Bernardino, CA 91107 35. Bill Traost 3965 Camellia Drive,San Bernardino,CA 92404 36. Douglas R. Hargrave 1485 N. Wilson St., San Bernardino, CA 92411 37. Lerine Hargrave 1485 N. Wilson St., San Bernardino,CA 92411 38. John Bell PO Box 34, Patton CA 92369 39. Kathryn Freeman. 29059 Elder Creek Lane,Highland, CA 92369 10 40. Manuel Diaz 607 East Highland Avenue,San Bernardino, CA 92404 41. Jose Hernandez 2057 N. Mt. Vernon#41,San Bernardino,CA 92411 42. Ernesto Delaor 2057 N. Mt. Vernon#55,San Bernardino, CA 92411 43. Bill Fanner 2057 N. Mt. Vernon, San Bernardino, CA 92411 0 44. Ellie French EDA 45. Brooks London The London Group 46. Amy Ellison 323 East Avery St. 47. Marcia Lewis 567 N. Sierra Way, San Bernardino, CA 92410 48. Dolores Armstead 5594 N. Cypress, San Bernardino, CA 92407 49. Lita Pezant 1514 W. Evans,San Bernardino, CA 50. Neal Roberts City Schools 51. Dr.Bundy, Chancellor SB City Schools,441 W. 5th St.,San Bernardino 92401 I. PUBLIC FACILITIES 1. Rehabilitation of senior centers,especially the one on Highland Avenue. 2. Rehabilitation of the Camp Fire facility. 1 3. Start construction of day care centers in the Mt. Vernon area. 4. Provide a combination of senior and youth mentor centers. 5. Start construction of a family center which will integrate seniors,youth and family and lessen the isolation of senior citizens. 6. Start construction of teen centers, especially on the west side. 7. Improve the park facility on California Street. 8. Help develop an "adopt-a-park" program. 9. The City of San Bernardino needs to provide parking for the park located at Mt.Vernon Avenue and 7th Street. H. INFRAS'T'RUC'T'URE IMPROVEMENT 1. Repair sidewalks and streets in census tract 41,42 and 43. 2. City of San Bernardino needs to construct and make improvements on all storm drains for all target areas within the city limits. Mt.Vernon Avenue (Highland Avenue to 5th Street) Arrowhead Avenue (near court house) Baseline and Waterman Avenues 9th Street and Waterman Avenue Sierra Way North of Highland Avenue near Medical Center Drive 3. Make improvements on all streets in the downtown area. I 4. City needs to upgrade the water system in the Muscoy area. - 1 5. City needs to upgrade the water system at the end of Medical Center Drive. 6. Street is too narrow with no parking on one side at Congress Street between Mt. Vernon and "K" Street. III. PUBLIC SERVICES 1. Provide Arts education for fainilies with youths. 2. Provide after-school youth activities like tutoring,recreation,etc. 3. City needs to have rape and sexual assault services. 4. City needs to provide victim's assistance. 5. Create a senior citizen referral service with a multi-faceted database. 6. Need to expand and develop art education for youth. 7. Provide programs that encourage youth involvement in art and music education. 8. The AARP needs development. 9. Provide funding for the instruction of art,music, and dance programs for youth that have partnership with the school district. 10. Provide services for the deaf and hard of hearing in job-training,education, and communication with the public. 11. Provide a handyperson program for mobilehomes. 12. Need coordination and partnership for youth centers. 13. Have culturally accessible substance abuse programs. 14. Have an adolescent substance abuse program for low and moderate income individuals, similar to the one implemented in Orange County. 15. Expand and coordinate drug programs. 16. Provide code enforcement cooperation with the County for lead-based paint. 17. Provide accessibility for art education for all youth. IV. ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS 1. Accessibility to all government buildings should be improved. 2. ADA restrooms modification in government buildings should be encouraged. 3. Construct ramps and curb cuts. V. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 1. Provide assistance for the low and moderate income businesses. 2. Offer assistance incentives for JTPA, loans, etc. to induce new businesses to target areas. 3. Provide equal opportunity for local business to grow and start. 4. Funds should be targeted for micro loans. Encourage EDA and JTPA cooperation and technical assistance. VI. HOUSING NEEDS 1. Provide rehabilitation for the mobile parks. 2. Provide rehabilitation and acquisition for the inobilehome units. 3. Provide more innovative housing programs. 4. Provide more affordable units to low income individuals. 5. Provide residential rehabilitation. 6. Have sweat equity housing program for homeownership. 7. Provide rehabilitation assistance for mobilehome owners. 8. Convert multi-family units to co-ops,limited equity,etc. 9. Have senior rehabilitation programs (i.e. handyman program). 10. Provide assistance with paint and fix-up for mobilehomes. 11. City needs park owner rehabilitation. 12. Increase mobilehome park inspectors. 13. Need more homeless shelters in the City of San Bernardino. 1 CONS u1ATED PLAN TOWN MEETING ,& ARY FEBRUARY 15,1995 LOCATION: FELDHEYM LIBRARY-MARY BELLE KELLY ROOM ATTENDANCE: 1. Jesse Valenzuela 201 North E Street 2. Viola Riggs 2721 East Pacific 3. Ann Shullis 1258 Echo Drive 4. Doug Rowand 2804 Palm Avenue 5. Joy Bowen 3850 Atlantic Apartment 95 6. Emigesce Welleoir 2266 Denair#212 7. Don Bellairs 2591 Shady Road L SUMMARY OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 1. Improve the Highland Senior Center in the areas of heating and expanding the facility. 2. Create more youth facilities and other outdoor activities such as bike trails. 3. Create a community center in the Fourth ward. 4. Develop a child care center on the West Side. 5. Expand the senior center at Delmann Heights. 6. Improve bus shelters through out the city. IL INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS 1. Storm drain improvement needed in the following areas: Sierra Way, 40th Street, Palm Avenue, 3rd , 5th Street, and Waterman. IDL PUBLIC SERVICES 1. Provide home bound services for seniors, such as meals on wheels. 2. Provide a senior nutritional center. 3. Provide substance abuse help and job training for at-risk youth. 4. Target early youth uin the ages of 4 to 7 years, with educat.,,�.intervention programs to prevent problems in the future. 5. Provide continuing support for various youth programs. 6. Need to coordinate public transportation with the various services that are taking place in the community. 7. Develop crime watch programs to take back neighborhoods. 8. Create citizen patrols in the community. 9. Develop specific programs targeted toward youth that are at-risk. 10. Need to develop more after-school programs. 11. Need to create extended child care. 12. Provide more employment training for all segments. 13. Need to utilize transportation more effectively. 14. Need to maintain and advertise referral programs. 15. Develop a central processing place for volunteers. IV. ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS 1. Provide more ADA accessibility for buildings. 2. Increase retrofiting of building in the city. V. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 1. Provide more financial incentives for specific areas such as Mt. Vernon and Baseline. 2. Provide more commercial rehabilitation. 3. Provide more rehabilitation with a focus on minority business. 4. There is a need to provide more facade improvements. VL HOUSING NEEDS 1. To provide small grants for seniors that are home owners. 2. Need to have mobile homes retrofitted. 3. Provide more rehabilitation to vacant facilities and make them affordable. r A. Provide more assistance to first time home buyers. �•I 5. More effort is needed in preventing over-crowding. 6. Provide more code enforcement. 7. Provide more special services for those such as the mentally in and those needing 4 conservertership. S. Provide more low and moderate income housing for seniors in eastern San Bernardino. 9. There is a need to provide more single family rehabilitation and ownership. 10. Provide more mortgage assistance programs for low income families. 11. Create more battered women transitional housing facilities. I