Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout06- Developement Department ' VELOPMENT DEPARTMY T OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO REQUEST FOR COMMISSION/COUNCIL ACTION FROM: KENNETH J. HENDERSON SUBJECT: AWARD OF BID - 4TH & Executive Director "E" PARKING LOTS DATE: December 14, 1993 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Synopsis of Previous Commission/Council/Committee Action( )• On February 19, 1993, the Community Development Commission authorized the Executive Director to proceed with the allocation of approximately $49,500 for the development and construction of necessary improvements of a parking lot located on the vacant site at 423 North "E" Street (Ritz Theater site). On May 10, 1993, the Community Development Commission authorized the Agency to purchase the northwest corner of 4th and "E" Streets, and approved $75,000 for the improvement of the vacant land for public parking. Recommended Motion(s): (Mayor and Common Council) MOTION A: RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA. (Community Development Commission) MOTION B: RESOLUTION OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA. l Administrator KENNETH J. HEN PERSON Executive Director --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contact Person(s): Kenneth J. Henderson/David J Norman Phone: 5081 Project Area(s): Central City North Ward(s): One (1) Supporting Data Attached: Staff Report: Resolutions FUNDING REQUIREMENTS: Amount: $194,000 Source: Bond Proceeds Budget Authority: Requested Commission/Council Note -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KJH:DJN:nml:4th&elot.cdc COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 12/20/19(93 Agenda Item Number: `� REQUEST FOR COMMISSA .COUNCIL ACTION Award of Bid - 4th & "E" Street Parking Lots December 14, 1993 Page 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Request for Commission/Council Action (Continued): (Community Development Commission) MOTION C: That the Community Development Commission award a bid in an amount of$153,885 to Eastland Construction of San Bernardino for the construction of parking lot improvements on the northwest and northeast corners of 4th and "E" Streets, authorize $40,115 for engineering and inspection services and contingency, and allocate bond proceeds in an amount not to exceed $194,000 for the foregoing. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KJH:DJN:nml:4th&elot.cdc COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 12/20/1993 Agenda Item Number: f DE ELOPMENT DEPART , ENT STAFF REPORT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Award of Bid - 4th & "E" Street Parking Lots This staff report seeks allocation of bond proceeds from the State College Project Area to Central City North. Furthermore, staff seeks $194,000 in construction costs for the construction of the parking lot. BACKGROUND INFORMATION The County of San Bernardino Department of Public Social Services (DPSS) has entered into a lease agreement in which the Agency agrees to improve vacant land on the northwest and northeast corners of 4th and "E" Streets for sixteen (16) years of surface parking use by the Department. The property on the northwest corner will be developed for general public parking. The currently vacant portion of the northeast corner will be developed into sixty (60) parking spaces for the exclusive use of DPSS employees, and the remainder will be leased to the American Technical College under the college's current lease agreement. In support of this effort to retain the Department of Public Social Services in downtown, the Agency took action in April of 1993 to affirm that 199 spaces of public parking in downtown parking lot number one will remain available as public parking and to lift the two hour parking restriction for the spaces. BIDS RECEIVED On December 14, 1993, seventeen (17) bids were received for the construction of the two parking lots. A complete listing of the bids is attached. Eastland Construction of San Bernardino was the apparent low bidder, with a bid of $153,885. The following summarizes the costs necessary to complete construction of this lot: Item Amount I Construction Bid $153,885 Work Order 1323 (Engineering & Inspection) 14,600 Subtotal $168,485 Contingency - 15% +/- 25,515 TOTAL $19 Both parking lots will be fully landscaped, irrigated and lighted. However, Agency Legal Counsel is reviewing the question of whether the Agency may legally maintain improvements constructed for public uses. If it is determined the redevelopment law prohibits the Agency from using its funds for maintenance of public improvements. it will be necessary for the City to maintain this parking lot as it does for other public parking lots. The City currently -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KJH:DJN:nml:4th&elot.cdc COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA MEETING DATE: 12/20/1993 Agenda Item Number: G1, DEVELOPMENT DEPA. MENT STAFF REPORT Award of Bid - 4th and "E" Parking Lots December 14, 1993 Page 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- maintains the landscaping on the northeast lot under contract with the Agency. The Agency will need to broaden its contract with the City to cover the maintenance on the additional improvements to be installed. Since the northeast lot is leased for private parking, the Agency can legally fund the maintenance of it. The construction of these lots and occupancy by the Department of Public Social Services must be completed by March 15, 1994 in order for the Agency to meet its obligations under the lease agreement with the County. With approval of the construction of these lots and immediate allocation of funds, construction can begin shortly after the beginning of the new year, assuring completion of construction within the time allotted. RECOMMENDATION The retention of the Department of Public Social Services downtown, and the construction of additional parking facilities for the general public and the Department of Public Social Services are worthy redevelopment objectives which point to the revitalization of the downtown core. Staff recommends adoption of motions "A", "B" and "C". Mr A u KENNETH J. HE DERSON, Executive Director Development Department f -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KJH:DJN:nml:4th&elot.cdc COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA r+r MEETING DATE: 12/20/1993 Agenda Item Number: C G LOCATION MAP w U) .to (n v~) > 3 9TH ST. Northwest Corner w to 4th & E a 5TH ST. PROJECT ST. 4TH SITE c T ST. 3RD ST. T 2ND I ST. Nz . w LU F- cr z MILL ST. LOCATION mAp Li 9TH T Northeast Corner N Z-, w 4th & E 5TH ST. PROJECT 4TH ST. ou s . 3RD ST. 2ND ST. NZ o w o cr � > a ' c - 3 � ~ w w o N.T.S.2 F- o cr w z a N _ c MILL ST. .. 1 2 MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA 3 AGENDA 4 5 December 20, 1993 6 Item: RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE 7 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS TO THE BENEFIT OF 8 CERTAIN PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 9 10 Action to be Taken: Adopt Resolution. 11 12 Certified copy of Resolution to be returned to Sabo & Green, A 13 Professional Corporation. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 simo/0001nu 12/14/93 300 27 28 1 RESOLUTION NO. 2 RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, 3 MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR 4 THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 5 6 WHEREAS, the City of San Bernardino, California (the 7 "City") , is a municipal corporation and a charter city duly 8 created and existing pursuant to the Constitution and the laws of 9 the State of California (the "City") ; and 10 11 WHEREAS, the Community Development Commission of the 12 City of San Bernardino (the "Commission") on behalf of the 13 Redevelopment Agency of the City of San Bernardino (the 14 "Agency") , is a redevelopment agency, a public body, corporate 15 and politic of the State of California, organized and existing 16 pursuant to the Community Redevelopment Law (Part 1 of 17 Division 24 commencing with Section 33000) of the Health and 18 Safety Code of the State of California (the "Act") ; and 19 20 WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 33445 of the Act, the 21 Agency may, with the consent of the Mayor and Common Council of 22 the City (the "Council") , pay all or a part of the cost of 23 installation and construction of any building, facility, 24 structure or other improvement which is publicly owned either 25 within or without the boundaries of a redevelopment project area 26 if the Council determines: (1) that such buildings, facilities, 27 structures or other improvements are of benefit to the 28 redevelopment project area or the immediate neighborhood in which - 1 - 1 the project is located, regardless of whether such improvement is 2 within another project area, or in the case of a project area in 3 which substantially all the land is publicly owned that the 4 improvement is of benefit to an adjacent project area of the 5 Agency, and (2) that no other reasonable means of financing such 6 buildings, facilities, structures or other improvements is 7 available to the community, and such determination by the Agency 8 and the Council shall be final and conclusive; and 9 10 WHEREAS, the City and the Commission have previously 11 approved and adopted the Redevelopment Plan for the State College 12 Redevelopment Project (the "Redevelopment Plan") ; and 13 14 WHEREAS, it is in the interests of the present 15 landowners within the project area subject to the Redevelopment 16 Plan (the "Project Area") and the residents, both within the I 17 Project Area and within the City generally, that the Agency 18 causes the construction of certain parking facilities to be 19 located on the northwest corner and northeast corner of Fourth 20 and E Streets in the City (the "Public Parking Improvements") ; 21 and 22 23 WHEREAS, the Public Parking Improvements are to provide 24 much needed public parking facilities to the central business 25 district of the City of San Bernardino which will be used by the 26 employees and patrons of the County of San Bernardino Department 27 of Social Services, as well as members of the general public who 28 2 - 1 avail themselves of the goods and services provided in the 2 central business district of the City; and 3 4 WHEREAS, the Public Parking Improvements are located 5 within a portion of the central city area of the City of San 6 Bernardino which suffers from inadequate parking facilities and 7 which area is used by residents and occupants of the Project Area 8 who rely on the provision of civic services and/or services 9 provided by the Department of Social Services; and 10 11 WHEREAS, the provision of additional parking in the 12 downtown area of the City, wherein residents of the Project Area 13 and the City generally may avail themselves of civic and 14 commercial services, and will provide a benefit for the Project 15 Area and the residents of the adjacent neighborhoods who 16 participate in activities in the downtown area; and 17 18 WHEREAS, development of the Public Parking Improvements 19 will create safer traffic conditions in the downtown areas which 20 are used by residents of the Project Area which in turn will make 21 the Project Area and other project areas of the City more 22 desirable for residential and other development thereby 23 benefiting said Project Area; and 24 25 WHEREAS, in order to promote the City's health, safety 26 and welfare, it is important that the Public Parking Improvements 27 be financed in order to ensure the orderly development of the 28 Project Area and neighboring areas; and - 3 - 1 WHEREAS, it is appropriate at this time for the Council 2 to make certain findings and determinations and take certain 3 action with respect to the installation of the Public Parking 4 Improvements. 5 6 NOW, THEREFORE, THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE 7 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, DO HEREBY FIND, RESOLVE, 8 DETERMINE AND ORDER AS FOLLOWS: 9 10 Section 1. The Recitals hereinabove are true and 11 correct and are incorporated herein by this reference. 12 13 Section 2 . The Council consents to the payment by 14 the Agency of the costs of the Public Parking Improvements to be 15 undertaken in the central business district which are of benefit 16 to the Project Area and other neighborhoods within the City for 17 the reasons set forth in the Recitals hereinabove. The Council 18 further finds and determines that no other reasonable means of 19 financing the installation of the Public Parking Improvements is 20 presently available to the City and that the City and the Agency 21 require the use of revenues generated from the Project Area in 22 order to fund the construction of the Public Parking 23 Improvements. 24 25 Section 3 . The provision of the Public Parking 26 Improvements in the downtown area will improve traffic safety 27 conditions in the downtown area which will make the central 28 business district safer for use by residents of the Project Area, - 4 - I which will thereby make the entire City and the Project Area more 2 desirable for development which will in turn help eliminate 3 blight within the Project Area and other areas of the City. 4 5 Section 4 . The City Clerk is hereby authorized and 6 directed to cause this Resolution to be transmitted to the Agency 7 for consideration in connection with appropriate action by that 8 body. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 5 - RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS 2 AS TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 3 4 Section 5. The findings and determinations herein 5 shall be final and conclusive. This Resolution shall take effect 6 upon the date of its adoption. 7 8 I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing Resolution was duly 9 adopted by the Mayor and Common Council of the City of 10 San Bernardino at a meeting 11 thereof, held on the day of 12 1991, by the following vote, to wit: 13 AYES: Council Members 14 15 NAYS: 16 ABSENT: 17 18 City Clerk 19 20 21 The foregoing resolution is hereby approved this day of , 1991. 22 23 Mayor of the City of 24 San Bernardino 25 Approved as to form and legal content: JAMES F. PENMAN 26 City Attorney 27 By: 28 6 - 1 STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss 2 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) 3 I, City Clerk of the City of San Bernardino, DO HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing and attached 4 copy of Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino Resolution No. is a full, true and correct copy of that 5 now on file in this office. 6 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the official seal of the Mayor and Common Council of the 7 City of San Bernardino this day of 1991. 8 9 City Clerk 10 City of San Bernardino 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 7 - �s tea• 1 2 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA 3 AGENDA 4 5 December 20, 1993 6 Item: RESOLUTION OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 7 a COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS 8 TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 9 10 ction to be Taken: Adopt Resolution. 11 12 ertified copy of Resolution to be returned to Sabo & Green, A 13 Professional Corporation. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 SBEO/0001/DOCn25 12114/93 300 27 28 1 RESOLUTION NO. 2 RESOLUTION OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, 3 CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN 4 PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 5 6 WHEREAS, the City of San Bernardino, California (the 7 "City") 8 y"Cit " ) , is a municipal corporation and a charter city duly created and existing pursuant to the Constitution and the laws of 9 the State of California (the "City") ; and 10 11 WHEREAS, the Community Development Commission of the 12 City of San Bernardino (the "Commission") on behalf of the 13 Redevelopment Agency of the City of San Bernardino (the � 14 "Agency") , is a redevelopment agency, a public body, corporate I 15 and politic of the State of California, organized and existing 16 pursuant to the Community Redevelopment Law (Part 1 of 17 Division 24 commencing with Section 33000) of the Health and 18 Safety Code of the State of California (the "Act") ; and 19 20 WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 33445 of the Act, the 21 Agency y ma y, with the consent of the Mayor and Common Council of 22 the City (the "Council") , pay all or a part of the cost of 23 installation and construction of any building, facility, 24 structure or other improvement which is publicly owned either 25 within or without the boundaries of a redevelopment 26 P project area if the Council determines: (1) that such buildings, facilities, 27 structures or other improvements are of benefit to the 28 - 1 - MIF 1 redevelopment project area or the immediate neighborhood in which 2 the project is located, regardless of whether such improvement is 3 within another project area, or in the case of a project area in 4 which substantially all the land is publicly owned that the 5 improvement is of benefit to an adjacent project area of the 6 Agency, and (2) that no other reasonable means of financing such 7 buildings, facilities, structures or other improvements is 8 available to the community, and such determination by the Agency 9 and the Council shall be final and conclusive; and 10 11 WHEREAS, the City and the Commission have previously 12 approved and adopted the Redevelopment Plan for the State College 13 Redevelopment Project (the "Redevelopment Plan") ; and 14 15 WHEREAS, it is in the interests of the present 16 landowners within the project area subject to the Redevelopment 17 Plan (the "Project Area") and the residents, both within the 18 Project Area and within the City generally, that the Agency 19 causes the construction of certain parking facilities to be 20 located on the northwest corner and northeast corner of Fourth 21 and E Streets in the City (the "Public Parking Improvements") ; 22 and 23 24 WHEREAS, the Public Parking Improvements are to provide 25 much needed public parking facilities to the central business 26 district of the City of San Bernardino which will be used by the 27 employees and patrons of the County of San Bernardino Department 28 of Social Services, as well as members of the general public who 2 - IMF 1 avail themselves of the goods and services provided in the 2 central business district of the City; and 3 4 WHEREAS, the Public Parking Improvements are located 5 within a portion of the central city area of the City of San 6 Bernardino which suffers from inadequate parking facilities and 7 which area is used by residents and occupants of the Project Area 8 who rely on the provision of civic services and/or services 9 provided by the Department of Social Services; and 10 11 WHEREAS, the provision of additional parking in the 12 downtown area of the City, wherein residents of the Project Area 13 and the City generally may avail themselves of civic and 14 commercial services, and will provide a benefit for the Project 15 Area and the residents of the adjacent neighborhoods who 16 Participate in activities in the downtown area; and 17 18 WHEREAS, development of the Public Parking Improvements 19 will create safer traffic conditions in the downtown areas which 20 are used by residents of the Project Area which in turn will make 21 the Project Area and other project areas of the City more 22 desirable for residential and other development thereby 23 benefiting said Project Area; and 24 25 WHEREAS, in order to promote the City's health, safety 26 and welfare, it is important that the Public Parking Improvements 27 be financed in order to ensure the orderly development of the 28 Project Area and neighboring areas; and 3 - 1 WHEREAS, it is appropriate at this time for the 2 Commission to make certain findings and determinations and take 3 certain action with respect to the installation of the Public 4 Parking Improvements. 5 6 NOW, THEREFORE, THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 7 ACTING ON BEHALF OF THE REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF 8 SAN BERNARDINO DOES HEREBY RESOLVE, DETERMINE AND ORDER AS 9 FOLLOWS: 10 11 Section 1. The Recitals hereinabove are true and 12 correct and are incorporated herein by this reference. 13 14 Section 2 . The Agency approves the payment by the 15 Agency of the costs of the Public Parking Improvements to be 16 undertaken in the central business district which are of benefit 17 to the Project Area and other neighborhoods within the City for 18 the reasons set forth in the Recitals hereinabove. The Agency 19 further finds and determines that no other reasonable means of 20 financing the installation of the Public Parking Improvements is 21 presently available to the City and that the City and the Agency 22 require the use of revenues generated from the Project Area in 23 order to fund the construction of the Public Parking 24 Improvements. 25 26 Section 3 . The provision of the Public Parking 27 Improvements in the downtown area will improve traffic safety 28 conditions in the downtown area which will make the central - 4 - 1 business district safer for use by residents of the Project Area, 2 which will thereby make the entire City and the Project Area more 3 desirable for development which will in turn help eliminate 4 blight within the Project Area and other areas of the City. 5 6 Section 4 . The Agency Secretary is hereby 7 authorized and directed to cause this Resolution to be 8 transmitted to the Agency for consideration in connection with 9 appropriate action by that body. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 5 - 0 1 RESOLUTION OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, MAKING FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS AS 2 TO THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE STATE COLLEGE REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREA 3 4 Section 5. The findings and determinations herein 5 shall be final and conclusive. This Resolution shall take effect 6 upon the date of its adoption. 8 I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing Resolution was duly 9 adopted by the Community Development Commission of the City of 10 San Bernardino at a meeting 11 thereof, held on the day of 12 1993,. by the following vote, to wit: 13 Commission Members: AYES NAYS ABSTAIN ABSENT 14 NEGRETE 15 CURLIN HERNANDEZ 16 OBERHELMAN DEVLIN 17 POPE-LUDLAM MILLER 18 19 Secretary 20 The foregoing resolution is hereby approved this day of , 1993. 21 22 Tom Minor, Chairman Community Development 23 Commission of the 24 Approved as to City of San Bernardino form and legal content: 25 By. 26 Agency Counsel 27 SBEO\0001\DOC\725 28 6 - 1 STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss 2 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) 3 I. Secretary of the Community Development Commission of the City of San Bernardino, DO HEREBY 4 CERTIFY that the foregoing and attached copy of Community Development Commission of the City of San Bernardino Resolution 5 No. is a full, true and correct copy of that now on file in this office. 6 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and 7 affixed the official seal of the Community Development Commission of the City of San Bernardino this day of 8 , 1993 . 9 10 Secretary of the Community Development Commission 11 of the City of San Bernardino 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 co D m Fa O C Z C71 A W !IAN r O �D 00 1 V 01 .n ja I W i N r I n W O O. rn D j m x Z cn z IM (� c I O O 3 p 30 ; Vin ; � �, � ,� a � � � > ; D �� � � Z c z i Z �' m � z3 -Diz m � � m C an\ m rk IN J�� ao m z I� P I �G �' I\ 14 � CID A �� D < fi '� fi fi V f A Al IM D I � � 4, � \40 IN c ?1 D S ` Oz m Ip m D `1 0 p m j I v 0o W I I I I I ! I m z z m �7 4 I I � I � I I I i ! z � A�� N! i IM z i4 ' j j I -P , , y I I I `� `� I CA p l o !� .�► 0 V� r� a � F o p D m z IF 1 p I�• �+ j~ �-• I W C ; O mcn o Z cn a w v I O to co I v o► to �+ i I n p ap O m j I i ��` ice\ �1 � n - D O Z m I �.V 0 n -� C2 -< D O z 0 O i i I I O D I I �,� � z vaz D � m � i � :j I ? p Z I Tm z �l� ono i z V j I I I h� oiz oz D m m O Cl)O 1V1���� AM � S � c Z W I I j i in .� p l 1� z D z 7M I� z m C) cc PV m i oo co I D G V i ! I X ni D z � o b Z \�L N M co m D v I I . cn C c D m z m I I I ` \ Ip e D L) p 3 � co c '1 D ° I I I v� N • I � l ,� I 1 I i I i i I � � z�•►�, n y o I ! I i II � i