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06.A- Community Development
RESOLUTION (ID#2901) DOC ID: 2901 E CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO—REQUEST FOR COUNCIL ACTION Public Hearing From: Tony Stewart M/CC Meeting Date: 02/03/2014 Prepared by: Tony Stewart, Dept: Community Development Ward(s): All Subject: A Resolution of the Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino Adopting General Plan Amendment No. 13-06 to Adopt and Implement the City of San Bernardino General Plan 2014-2021 Housing Element (Chapter 3) and Approve Amendments to Add Appendix 16 (An Appendix to the General Plan Land Use Element - Chapter 2) to Comply with Senate Bill 244. (#2901) Current Business Registration Certificate: Not Applicable Financial Impact: This project will have no impact on the General Fund. Mayor to open the hearing. . . Motion: Close the hearing; adopt the Resolution to Approve the Negative Declaration and Approve General Plan Amendment No. 13-06. 0 Synopsis of Previous Council Action: None. Project Description: HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE Each city and county in the State of California is required to prepare a Housing Element as one of the mandatory elements of its General Plan. The state Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is currently requiring that all cities and counties in California update their Housing Elements (for the Fifth Housing Element Cycle) by October 15, 2013 (with a 120-day grace period). If a city meets this deadline, the Housing Element will be in effect for the period from January 1, 2014 through September 30, 2021. However, if an agency does not meet this deadline, the Housing Element must be updated again by October 2017. To ensure this deadline (within the grace period) is met, staff and the City's consultants, MIG/Hogle-Ireland and Veronica Tam & Associates, have prepared the draft updated Housing Element for the City. The draft Housing Element is provided as Exhibit A to the project's Resolution. Public participation is expected by HCD in the preparation of the Housing Element Update. To ensure public participation throughout the process, a study session was held by the Planning Commission on October 16, 2013, in addition to the Planning Commission noticed public Updated: 1/28/2014 by Georgeann"Gigi"Hanna E I Packet Pg. 147 2901 hearing held on January 15, 2014, and the upcoming noticed public hearing in front of the Mayor and Common Council on February 3, 2014. Comments received at the study session were incorporated into the draft Housing Element. Note that the City's current Housing Element covers the period through 2013, and was certified by HCD in 2011. Therefore, since the current Housing Element was recently adopted, the attached draft Housing Element update uses the current Element as a base, with updates to accommodate the relatively minor changes in residential development in the City since the last update, changes in City regulations (i.e., adoption of the Transit District Overlay, which provides for additional housing opportunities that did not exist when the current Element was adopted), and to meet all current state housing requirements, including the latest Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) numbers assigned to the City. All of this is discussed in detail in the attached draft updated Housing Element. DISADVANTAGED UNINCORPORATED COMMUNITIES NEEDS ANALYSIS Along with updating the Housing Element, this project also adds Appendix 16 (an appendix to the General Plan Land Use Element-Chapter 2) to ensure compliance with Senate Bill 244. As required by Senate Bill 244 (codified in Sections 56375, 56425, and 56430, 53082.5, 56033.5, and 65302.10 of the Government Code and Section 13481.7 of the Water Code), Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required to be identified in a city's General Plan, along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities. DUCs are defined as inhabited unincorporated areas with an annual median household income (MHI) that is less than 80 percent of the statewide annual MHI. Based on 2011 Census data from the American Community Survey, the California annual MHI was $61,632, 80 percent of which is $49,306. DUCs can be in the form of a "fringe" or "island" community. "Fringe community" means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is within a city's sphere of influence but not surrounded on all sides by the city. "Island community" means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is surrounded or substantially surrounded by one or more city or county boundaries or the Pacific Ocean. Figure 1, within Exhibit B of the project's Resolution, identifies seven areas within the City of San Bernardino's sphere of influence that have been identified as DUCs. Note that additional unincorporated areas within the City's sphere exist, but they are not defined as DUCs due to either an annual MHI that is above the criteria stated above or a lack of population (fewer than 10 dwelling units). Background: • October 16, 2013, the City held a study session to obtain comments from the community and the Planning Commission, to be included within the draft of the Housing Element sent to HCD and prepared for adoption by the City. • January 15, 2014, the Planning Commission held a duly noticed public hearing on the 0 proposed project (the Planning Commission staff report is provided as Attachment B). Packet Pg. Updated: 1/28/2014 by Georgeann"Gigi"Hanna E 148 6.A 2901 There was no public testimony at the hearing and after hearing the presentation from staff and the City's consultant, the Planning Commission unanimously voted to recommend approval of GPA 13-06 to the Mayor and Common Council. California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): The proposed project is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). An Initial Study(Attachment A, and also available on the City's web site at www.sbcity.org)was prepared by the City's consultant, MIG/Hogle-Ireland. The document was released for circulation for a minimum 20-day public review period beginning on December 17, 2013, pursuant to the provisions of CEQA. Additionally, a Notice of Availability and Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration (ND) was advertised in the newspaper. No comments were received on the Initial Study. Analysis: HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE As noted above, the Housing Element is one of the required Elements of a General Plan. It is the only Element that is required to be updated on a regular basis. The state Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) governs the timing and content of the updates. HCD is currently requiring that all cities and counties in California update their Housing Elements (for the Fifth Housing Element Cycle) by October 15, 2013 (with a 120-day grace period). If a city meets this deadline, the Housing Element will be in effect for the period from January 1, 2014 through September 30, 2021. Consequently, the City and its consultants have prepared a draft updated Housing Element, for the City's adoption. Staff presented the draft Housing Element to HCD, which in turn, notified the City on December 19, 2013 that the document meets the statutory requirements of State Housing Element law, and therefore,will fully comply with state law once adopted and submitted back to HCD. Note that in order to meet the state-mandated timeline, it is necessary for the project to be approved by the City no later than February 13, 2014. DISADVANTAGED UNINCORPORATED COMMUNITIES ANALYSIS Additionally, in conjunction with the Housing Element Update, the City's consultants also prepared a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Needs Analysis (Attachment B), which, when incorporated into the General Plan, will ensure the City is in compliance with Senate Bill 244 (SB 244). The Analysis identified seven Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to the City's Sphere of Influence. The report analyzed the provision of the following services to the DUCs: water; wastewater; flood control facilities; and fire protection services. Overall, the Analysis found that the service levels within the DUCs within the City's Sphere of Influence were provided at levels similar to those found within the City limits. The system deficiencies that were identified by service providers are not specific to DUCs but also apply to the service providers' regional systems. The service providers have capital improvement plans in place to address current and future deficiencies and in specific Updated: 1/28/2014 by Georgeann"Gigi"Hanna E I Packet Pg. 149 2901 cases are actively working to address those deficiencies. Some identified deficiencies, specifically lack of service, that are specific to a small portion of the DUCs have been identified and the respective service providers have express a desire to pursue funding to extend services to these areas. A more detailed discussion of the DUCs, the service providers, and the service providers' provision of services as they relate to the DUCs is provided in Attachment B. Findings of Fact: 1. The proposed amendment is internally consistent with the General Plan, in that the proposed Housing Element Update builds upon and replaces the current Housing Element, and includes goals, policies and implementation measures that are consistent with, and coordinate with, the remainder of the General Plan. Further, the project also adds Appendix 16 (an appendix to the Land Use Element-Chapter 2) to the General Plan to ensure compliance with SB 244. 2. The proposed amendment would not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience, or welfare of the City, in that the proposed amendments will not directly result in development of any kind. Therefore, the public interest, health, safety, convenience and welfare will not be affected. 3. The proposed amendment would maintain the appropriate balance of land uses within the Cam, in that as noted in Finding #2, above, the proposed amendments will not result in any development potential. Therefore balance of land uses will be maintained. However, a primary purpose of the Housing Element is to ensure goals, policies and implementation measures are set forth to ensure the City provides a range of housing for all income levels, thus maintaining a housing balance appropriate to meet the City's housing needs. 4. The subject parcels are physically suitable (including, but not limited to, access, provision of utilities, compatibility with adjoining land uses, and absence of physical constraints) for the requested land use designation and anticipated land use development. As noted above, the proposed amendments will not directly result in development, and therefore, this Finding of Fact is not applicable. Financial Impact: There will be no direct financial impact on the General Fund as a result of this application. Conclusion: Staff believes that the project proposal satisfies all Findings of Fact for approval of General Plan Amendment No. 13-06. Recommendation: Staff recommends that the Mayor and Common Council: Updated: 1/28/2014 by Georgeann"Gigi"Hanna E Packet Pg. 150 2901 1. Adopt the Negative Declaration; and - in f Fact contained 2. Approve General Plan Amendment No. 13 06 based upon the Findings o in this Staff Report. City Attorney Review: Supporting Documents: reso 2901 (PDF) Exhibit A-2014-21 San Bernardino Housing Element (PDF) Exhibit B - San Bernardino SB 244 Analysis(PDF) Attachment A- Initial Study and ND(PDF) Attachment B - PC staff report (PDF) Housing Element SANBERN_CChearing_v3 (PDF) Updated: 1/28/2014 by Georgeann"Gigi" Hanna E Packet Pg. 1�1 1 RESOLUTION NO. 2 3 A RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY 4 OF SAN BERNARDINO ADOPTING GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT NO. 13-06 TO ADOPT AND IMPLEMENT THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO GENERAL PLAN 2014-2021 5 HOUSING ELEMENT (CHAPTER 3) AND APPROVE AMENDMENTS TO ADD APPENDIX 6 16 (AN APPENDIX TO THE GENERAL PLAN LAND USE ELEMENT - CHAPTER 2) TO 7 COMPLY WITH SENATE BILL 244 8 BE IT RESOLVED BY THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY 9 OF SAN BERNARDINO AS FOLLOWS: ; 10 SECTION 1. Recitals: �- D 11 +' WHEREAS,the Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino adopted the General E 12 Plan for the City by Resolution No. 2005-362 on November 1, 2005; and w M 13 WHEREAS, the Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino adopted the current N la Housing Element, known as the "4th Cycle Housing Element" (Chapter 3 of the General Plan) for the = 15 City by Resolution No. 2011-206 on June 23, 2011; and 16 WHEREAS, the California Department of Housing and Community Development established o 17 th N new requirements for the S Cycle of Housing Elements, which mandate all Iocal governmental entities N 18 Q in the State of California adopt their respective 51h Cycle Housing Element no later than October 15, r 19 2013, with a 120-day grace period allowed; and E 20 WHEREAS, the California State Senate in September 2011, passed Senate Bill No. 244 (SB r 21 Q 244), which requires cities in the State of California to identify Disadvantaged Unincorporated 22 Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence in a city's General Plan, along 23 with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire 24 protection services within those communities; and 2s WHEREAS, pursuant to the requirements set forth in the California Environmental Quality Act 26 (CEQA), an initial study was prepared for General Plan Amendment (GPA) No. 13-06, which was 27 circulated for public review; and 28 1 Packet Pg.-152 6.A.a 1 WHEREAS, the Initial Study concludes that there is no substantial evidence suggesting that the 2 project could have a significant adverse impact on the environment, and therefore a Negative 3 Declaration should be adopted; and 4 WHEREAS, on October 16, 2013, the Planning Commission held a study session to obtain 5 comments from the community and the Planning Commission, which were included within the draft of 6 the Housing Element sent to HCD and prepared for adoption by the City; and 7 WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a noticed public hearing on January 15, 2014, in 8 order to receive public testimony and written and oral comments on General Plan Amendment 13-06, 9 and fully reviewed and considered the Planning Division Staff Report and the recommendation of the d w 10 Environmental Review Committee; and a D 11 WHEREAS, the Mayor and Common Council held a noticed public hearing on February 3, 12 2014, and fully reviewed and considered proposed General Plan Amendment 13-06, and the Planning d w 13 Commission and Environmental Review Committee recommendations and the Planning Division Staff .y 7 14 Report. _ 15 c N 16 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, FOUND AND DETERMINED BY THE 0 17 MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL AS FOLLOWS: N 0 N 18 m �.i 19 SECTION 2. Findings of Fact: 20 A. The proposed amendment is internally consistent with the General Plan, in that the proposed Y W 21 Housing Element Update builds upon and replaces the current Housing Element, and includes goals, a 22 policies and implementation measures that are consistent with, and coordinate with, the remainder of the 23 General Plan. Further, the project also adds Appendix 16 (an appendix to the Land Use Element - 24 Chapter 2)to the General Plan to ensure compliance with SB 244. 25 26 B. The proposed amendment would not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, 27 convenience or welfare of the City, in that the proposed amendments will not directly result in 28 2 Packet Pg. 153 :Y development of any kind. Therefore,the public interest,health, safety,convenience and welfare will not be 2 affected. 3 4 C. The proposed amendment would maintain the appropriate balance of land uses within the 5 Cam, in that as noted in Finding #2, above, the proposed amendments will not result in any development 6 potential. Therefore the balance of land uses will be maintained. However, a primary purpose of the 7 Housing Element is to ensure goals, policies and implementation measures are set forth to ensure that the 8 City provides a range of housing for all income levels, thus maintaining a housing balance appropriate to 9 meet the City's housing needs. a� Y 10 -f°a 0_ 11 D. The subject parcels are physically suitable(including,but not limited to, access,provision of as 12 utilities compatibility with adjoining land uses and absence of physical constraints) for the requested land 0 W 13 use desi nag Lion and anticipated land use development. As noted above,the proposed amendments will not = .y 14 directly result in development, and therefore,this Finding of Fact is not applicable. 15 c o� 16 SECTION 3. California Environmental Quality Act: T 17 The Mayor and Common Council have reviewed GPA No. 13-06, and the Initial Study and N 0 18 proposed Negative Declaration, and based on the whole record before it, finds that (a) the Negative d Y 19 Declaration was prepared in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act; (b) there is no E 20 substantial evidence that the proposed project would have a significant adverse effect on the R Y Y 21 environmental; and (c) the Negative Declaration reflects the independent review, analysis, and judgment a 22 of the Mayor and Common Council. Therefore, the Mayor and Common Council hereby adopts the 23 Negative Declaration prepared for GPA No. 13-06,incorporated herein by reference. 24 25 SECTION 4. Amendment: 26 A. Chapter 3, Housing Element, of the General Plan is hereby amended pursuant to General 27 Plan Amendment No. 13-06, to replace the 2011 Housing Element with the 2014-21 Housing Element 28 update, as shown in Exhibit A, attached and incorporated herein by reference. 3 Packet Pg. 154 i B. Appendix 16 of the General Plan (an Appendix to the Land Use Element — Chapter 2) is 2 hereby adopted, as shown in Exhibit B, attached and incorporated herein by reference. 3 4 SECTION 5. Effective Date: General Plan Amendment No. 13-06 shall become effective upon 5 the adoption and execution of this Resolution. 6 7 SECTION 6. Notice of Determination: The Community Development Department is hereby 8 directed to file a Notice of Determination with the County Clerk for the County of San Bernardino, 9 regarding the City's adoption of the Negative Declaration for GPA No. 13-06. 10 /// M M 12 E 0 13 .N 14 0 15 0 a� 16 0 17 N O 18 ayi i r 19 = E 20 m .r 21 Q 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 4 Packet Pg. 155 I A RESOLUTION OF THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY 2 OF SAN BERNARDINO ADOPTING GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT NO. 13-06 TO ADOPT AND IMPLEMENT THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO GENERAL PLAN 2014-2021 3 HOUSING ELEMENT (CHAPTER 3) AND APPROVE AMENDMENTS TO ADD APPENDIX 4 16 (AN APPENDIX TO THE GENERAL PLAN LAND USE ELEMENT - CHAPTER 2) TO COMPLY WITH SENATE BILL 244 s 6 1 HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing resolution was duly adopted by the Mayor and 7 Common Council of the City of San Bernardino at a meeting thereof,held on the 8 day of 2014, by the following vote,to wit: 9 d 10 Council Members: AYES NAYS ABSTAIN ABSENT a D 11 MARQUEZ 12 JENKINS 2 W 13 VALDIVIA c .N 14 SHORETT 15 VACANT 0 16 JOHNSON 0 i7 MULV IHILL N 0 N 1s r 19 Georgeann Hanna,City Clerk E 20 w r 21 The foregoing resolution is hereby approved this day of , 2014. a 22 23 Patrick J. Morris,Mayor 24 City of San Bernardino Approved as to form: 25 Gary D. Saenz, City Attorney 26 27 By: � l 28 5 Packet Pg.156 8d ReMl tln'O E w CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO O 2013-2021 HOUSING ELEMENT It- CD N rr C d .JANUARY 2014 w m S N O O O C L L m CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO in COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT N �r 300 NORTH "D" STREET o SAN BERNARDINO, CA 92418 N Q w x w CD E U R w Q Packet Pg. 157 a� �a v a c m E a� uw im S N 7 O r O O N c CD E _O W aY c �N 3 O O C L C L MM� W c T- N d' O N Q Q X W w c d E t V R w r Q 3. Housing TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER3, HOUSING......................................................................3-1 INTRODUCTION-------------------------..3-1 CL Purpose________________-------------..3'l Consistency with State Law.........................................................3-1 State Requirements and Legislative ----------3-2 m Acronyms----------------------------.3-3 Public -----------------------.3-3 0 Housing ' � Element Organization-----------------.3-5 to [)d��r�lauu -------------------S-5 Relationship- l. General Plan...........................................................................3-5 2. Development Code.................................................................3-5 l Other Housing Plans....................................3-h ~� COMMUNITY PROFILE.................................................................3-7 � -------------------..3-7 � . ° � l. Population Growth---------------------..3-7 2. Age of Population----------------------3-8 3. Race and Ethnicity---------------------..3-9 4. Household Growth and Household Size................................3-9 5. Household Composition.......................................................3-lU � b. Household Income...............................................................3-ll 7 3 l� ~ . zvvcu\y --------------------------- - 0. Area Employment Profile....................................................3-l3 w Housing Characteristics--------------------.3-lh � L Housing Growth and Unit Mix............................................3-lM 2. --------------------------.3-l0 u^ I Housing Unit Size and Tenure.............................................3-l7 4. Age and Condition of Housing Stock..................................3-l0 l Housing Cou aod --------------.3-2O ~ .� EXISTING AND FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS............................3-27 Special Needs Groups---------------------.3-27 L The ------------------------..3-27 10 2. Persons with Disabilities Developmental ------------------------..3-3l N ' N � City of San Bernardino January 20/4 3-i Packet Pg. 159 cm 3. Single-Parent Households....................................................3-34 4. Large Households................................................................3-35 j 5. College Students..................................................................3-36 6. Farm Workers 3-38 7. Homeless Persons................................................................3-39 a 8. Extremely Low-Income Households...................................3-44 Overcrowding 3-46 E Overpayment..............................................................................3-46 d W Units in Need of Rehabilitation and Replacement.....................3-47 Preservation of At-Risk Housing 3-49 1. Preservation Options............................................................3-51 = 2. New Affordable Multifamily Construction.........................3-52 c I o� 3. Resources for Preservation 3-53 2014-2021 RHNA......................................................................3-54 LAND RESOURCES ......................................................................3-57 W Regional Housing Needs Assessment(RHNA).........................3-57 as c Sites Inventory 0 1. Sites Inventory Considerations............................................3-58 = 2. Vacant Residential Land......................................................3-60 c0 3. Vacant and Underutilized Mixed-Use Land........................3-64 c 4. Accommodating the RHNA.................................................3-71 m GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR c i in HOUSING........................................................................................3-73 V_ Land Use Controls 3-73 1. General Plan Land Use Element 3-73 2. Development Code...............................................................3-74 a i 3. Building Codes and Enforcement........................................3-84 4. Site Improvements...............................................................3-85 w 5. Permit Processing 3-86 j 6. Development Fees and Exactions........................................3-88 E 7. Opportunities for Energy Conservation...............................3-93 8. Redevelopment....................................................................3-94 a Nongovernmental Constraints on Housing Development.........3-95 1. Land Costs ...........................................................................3-95 2. Construction Costs 3-96 : ............................................................... i 0 3. Financing..............................................................................3-96 i 3-ii City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 160 3. Housing 4. Environmental and Infrastructure Constraints.....................3-97 EVALUATION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE 2008 HOUSING ELEMENT..................................................................3-101 HOUSINGSTRATEGY................................................................3-117 a� Adequate Sites for New Housing 3-117 Housing and Neighborhood Preservation................................3-120 Affordable Housing Assistance 3-125 Equal Housing Opportunity 3-128 E W Removal of Governmental Constraints to Housing.................3-131 _ Energy Conservation................................................................3-132 _ Quantified Objectives..............................................................3-134 x° 0 w N C d E d W C .y O O C_ .a L L M� W �Q r N d' T 0 N Q r+ .0 L K W C d E 4D t V to Q City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-iii Packet Pg:161! - C" 3 List of Tables Table H-1 Population Growth Trends in San Bernardino .......................3-7 Table H-2 Persons by Age in 2000 And 2010.........................................3-8 a Table H-3 Persons by Ethnicity and Hispanic Origin in 2000 and 2010.3-9 Table H-4 Household Size 1980-2010 3-10 Table H-5 Household Composition, 2010 3-11 p Table H-6 City and County Income Levels - 2005-2009 ......................3-11 = I Table H-7 Income Limits for San Bernardino County 2013 .................3-13 0 Table H-8 Major Employers in San Bernardino 2013...........................3-14 = Table H-9 Educational Attainment 2012...............................................3-15 c Table H-10 Housing Types 2000 and 2013...........................................3-16 w i Table H-11 Housing Unit Size and Tenure............................................3-18 CD Table H-12 Year Structure Built............................................................3-19 d s Table H-13 Changes in Median Home Sale Prices (2011-2013)...........3-22 "' a� Table H-14 Median and Average Rents by Number of Bedrooms (2012- 2013) ..............................................................................................3-23 0 x iTable H-15 Affordable Housing Costs by Household Size and Tenure- 0 2013 ..............................................................................................3-25 Table H-16 Housing, Facilities, and Services for the Elderly...............3-28 E a� Table H-17 Disabilities Tallied..............................................................3-32 m c Table H-18 Developmentally Disabled (November 2012)....................3-34 n Table H-19 Median Family Income by Household Type......................3-35 N Table H-20 Tenure by Persons in Occupied Units................................3-36 c N iTable H-21 Bernardino Emergency Shelters and Transitional Housing 3-42 a Table H-22 Overcrowding 3-46 Table H-23 Overpayment 3-47 x ...................................................................... .. W Table H-24 Assisted Housing Projects in San Bernardino....................3-50 Table H-25 Rent Subsidies Required.....................................................3-52 E Table H-26 Estimated Construction Costs.............................................3-53 v �a Table H-27 City of San Bernardino RHNA 2014-2021 ........................3-54 a i Table H-28 Summary of Residential Capacity on Vacant ResidentialSites.....................................................................................3-63 i Table H-29 Summary of Residential Capacity on Mixed Use Sites......3-68 i Table H-30 Capacity to Accommodate the RHNA...............................3-71 i 3-iv City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 162 3. Housing Table 8-3l Residential Zones ...............................................................3-75 Table f{-32 Permitted Residential Uses.................................................3-77 Table H-33Residential Development Standards...................................3-78 Table H-34 Parking Standards...............................................................3-00 Table}l-3520l3Residential Planning Division Fees...........................3-9O � Table 8-362Ul3Residential Development Fee Case Examples---.3-92 Table D-37 Success of Housing Element Programs and Actions........3-l02 Table H-38 of '----�'--- --- -------------.S-ll5 W � Table H-39 Quantified Objectives.......................................................3-l32 ~ .. List of Figures Figure H-1: Population Growth Trends...................................................]-7 Figure H-2: Ethnicity--------------------------.3-9 � Figure B-3: Household(�rovvtbTrends-----------------3-A — Figure f{-4: Household Income .............................................................3-ll Figure B-5 �YcdiauBomno Sales P�ccu (2Ul3)------------..3-22 ° Figure H-6 Income Needed to Afford Housing Compared with Wages 3-26 Figure B-7: Sites Inventory Map...........................................................3-hl � � � w � City ofSan Bernardino January J014 3'v Packet Pg. 163 6.A.b :ill l�fl This page intentionally left blank. i i a� aEi w c N I � O Z 0 a� I I a0i E a� w v' c N 3 O Z O C I (4 k L U m C RS U) ! N d' i T I N Q x w I E U fC r+ i Q I I I 3-vi City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 164 3. Housing Chapter I Housing INTRODUCTION W Purpose 0 The Housing Element of the General Plan establishes the City's strategy o for conservation,preservation, and construction of housing to meet the needs of existing and future residents. This Housing Element sets forth the goals, policies, and programs that will guide City decision-making in matters relating to housing for the planning period extending from 1 adoption through October 1, 2021. As required by State law, the Housing a, or,, Element evaluates resident,household, and housing unit characteristics; N current and expected resources; and potential constraints to housing o development. c c =a Consistency with State Law 0 m The contents of the Housing Element are mandated by Section 65580 through 65589 of the State Government Code. In accordance with State Cn law,the Housing Element is to be consistent and compatible with other N General Plan Elements. This consistency provides for clear policy and 0 direction for making decisions pertaining to zoning, subdivision approval, N housing allocations, and capital improvements. <t Government Code Section 65583 requires the Housing Element to include w the following components: a� • A review of the previous element's goals,policies, programs, and objectives to ascertain the effectiveness of each of these w components, as well as of the overall effectiveness of the Housing a Element. • An assessment of housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints relevant to meeting these needs. • An analysis and program for preserving assisted housing developments. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-1 Packet Pg. 165 C" • A statement of community goals, quantified objectives, and policies relative to the maintenance,preservation, improvement, and development of housing. • A program that sets forth a schedule of actions during the planning period, each with a timeline,that the City is undertaking, or intends to undertake, in implementing the policies and achieve the goals a and objectives set forth in the Housing Element. c a� The data used for informing the Housing Element were obtained from a variety of resources, including the U.S. Census Bureau (2010 Census), w which provides consistent demographic characteristics that are widely accepted. The American Community Survey (ACS) is an additional c feature offered by the U.S. Census, and includes one-year, three-year, and = five-year estimates on population and demographic characteristics. c Because the five-year estimates draw from a larger sample size and are therefore more accurate, where that data are available over other ACS estimates, the five-year estimate is used in this document. Other sources E include the California Department of Finance (DOF) yearly estimates of d housing units, households, and population; and the Southern California W, Association of Governments (SCAG) regional estimates and projections. N The Housing Element also draws from information contained in the 2005- o 2009 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), which is = 0 based on special tabulations from sample Census data for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD) and provides m L information about households based on income level. In CHAS data,the as number of households in each category often deviates slightly from 100 m percent due to extrapolations to the total household level. Because of this, in interpretations of CHAS data should focus on proportions and percentages N rather than on precise numbers. r 0 N State Requirements and Legislative Changes a The California Legislature states that a primary housing goal for the State x is ensuring every resident has a decent home and suitable living w environment. This updated Housing Element addresses recent changes to California Housing Element law that are intended to facilitate and expedite the construction of affordable housing: r a • Senate Bill 812 (Chapter 507, Statutes of 2010), amended Government Code Section 65583 to require housing elements to include analysis of the special housing needs of persons with developmental disabilities. 3-2 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 166 3. Housing • Senate Bill 375 (Steinberg, 2008) extends the housing element planning period from five years to eight years in order to link the Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) process with the Regional I Housing Needs Allocation(RHNA) and housing element process. Once a jurisdiction receives its RHNA objectives, it has 18 months to prepare its housing element and submit it to the Department of j a Housing and Community Development(HCD). The deadline for jurisdictions within the region of SCAG,which includes the City of San Bernardino, is within 120 days of October 15, 2013. Jurisdictions that do not meet this housing element schedule are ' w penalized and must instead prepare housing elements every four c years (Government Code Section 65588). o x Acronyms j o N This element includes use of many acronyms to identify agencies, housing _ programs, funding sources, and planning terms. The most commonly used E acronyms are: i w ACS American Community Survey i N AMI Area Median Income CDBG Community Development Block Grant j C CHAS Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy DOF State of California Department of Finance DU/AC Dwelling units per acre ; m FAR Floor to area ratio _ HCD State of California Department of Housing and Community in Development N HUD Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development LIHTC Low-Income Housing Tax Credit MFI Median Family Income a RHNA Regional Housing Needs Assessment RTP Regional Transportation Plan x SCAG Southern California Association of Governments SF Square feet E Public Participation w a State law requires that local governments engage all economic segments j of the community in the development and adoption of the Housing Element. This process not only includes residents of the community,but also participation from local agencies and housing groups, community organizations, and housing sponsors. j City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-3 P_ cket Pg.167 6.A.b �p All segments of the San Bernardino community were encouraged to participate in the preparation of the 2013-2021 Housing Element Update. A study session,to which the general public was invited,was held with the Planning Commission on October 16, 2013. An advertisement was posted in the Sunday(October 4,2013)paper to provide information on the Housing Element and invite broad public participation at the a workshop. To ensure that the housing concerns of low-and moderate- income and special needs residents were addressed, individual invitation letters were distributed to agencies and organizations that serve the low- ' and moderate-income and special needs community in the San Bernardino area. These agencies were invited to review and comment on the 2013- c 2021 Housing Element and to attend the study session. Included in the o invitations were: _ • Delmann Heights Community Center N I Rudy Hernandez Center w Inland Empire Lighthouse for the Blind • Parris Hill Senior Center a, • San Bernardino Fifth Street Senior Center w • Home of Neighborly Services, Inc. • Family Services Association • = Family Service Agency of San Bernardino I Department of Aging and Adult Services • A Servant's Heart Outreach • Central City Lutheran Mission • Inland Fair Housing&Mediation Board m • Project Life Impact • St. Johns Community Success Center N • Time for Change Foundation • TELACU Residential Management N j • Housing Authority of San Bernardino County • California Housing Partnership Corporation Q • Southern California Association of Non-Profit Housing • San Bernardino County Department of Again and Adult Services w • Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire, Inc. • Habitat for Humanity San Bernardino E • Inland Behavioral and Health Services • Frazee Community Center a • Inland Empire United Way • Inland Regional Center i At the study session, an overview of the Housing Element was given. The Planning Commission provided input and asked questions on the draft I 3-4 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 168 3. Housing Housing Element and solicited the public for comments; no public comments were made. i i The Planning Commission had general and clarification-related questions regarding the RHNA,pertinence to foreclosures and existing vacancies, and Housing Element update schedule. Planning Commissioners also a provided data regarding levels of public assistance and homelessness in the City. Subsequent to the meeting, the Housing Element was reviewed and revised to incorporate this information. w a� c Housing Element Organization O The Housing Element is comprised of the following sections: N ♦ Community Profile ♦ Existing and Future Housing Needs ♦ Housing Resources ♦ Governmental Constraints and Opportunities w ♦ Nongovernmental Constraints j ♦ Evaluation of the Previous Housing Plan ♦ Housing Strategy 2014-2021 i = c Relationship to Other Plans i L 1. General Plan m I The housing element is one of 13 equally important elements of the City CO of San Bernardino General Plan. The California Government Code One Community Vision requires that a general plan contain an integrated, consistent set of goals o San Bernardino...Celebrating the Pa c� and policies. Since the housing element is affected by the goals, policies, I Valuing the Present,Creating a and implementation actions outlined in other elements, policy direction Opportunities for the Future. = provided in all elements must align to strive for one community vision. The housing strategy contained in the housing element is consistent with X LU the other components of the City's General Plan. As segments of the General Plan are amended in the future, the housing element will be E reviewed to maintain internal consistency. 2. Development Code a i The Development Code (Title 19 of the San Bernardino Municipal Code) provides the detailed regulations pertaining to permitted and conditional uses, site development standards, and performance criteria to implement the goals and policies of the General Plan. It is periodically amended to City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-5 Packet Pg.169 6.A.b *Rermna reflect updates to housing law and community needs. The Housing Element evaluates the Development Code for potential governmental constraints to housing development and rehabilitation. The Housing Element establishes a strategy to encourage housing production,which can be facilitated by regulations within the Development Code. CL 3. Other Housing Implementation Plans I � a� The Consolidated Plan is an implementation plan that identifies housing needs and resources that are also discussed in the Housing Element. The w Consolidated Plan is a five-year document that describes affordable c housing needs and needs specific to special populations such as the homeless. The Consolidated Plan establishes an action plan for addressing x° those needs. The Consolidated Plan and annually created action plans are c submitted to HUD as part of the application and maintenance process for N access to federal grant funds. , c I E d w a, c 0 x o c c L MQ� W � N d' r O N s Q I x j w c CD E U R w i Q 1 f I I 3-6 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 170 6.A.b av, 3. Housing COMMUNITY PROFILE i Population Characteristics Q 1. Population Growth d The City of San Bernardino is the most populated city in San Bernardino County. Employment and housing opportunities in the 1980s resulted in w 10.0% rapid population growth of approximately 33%. Population growth slowed ° to 13% in the 1990s when the closure of Norton Air Force Base resulted in so.o% 0 the loss of approximately 10,000 military and civilian jobs. The City 50.0% x continues to grow,but at a much slower rate than in the 1980s. Between 40.0% c 2000 and 2010,the City's population grew by 13%. Contributing factors 30.0% v to the population growth include new employment opportunities created j 20.0% - by converting the closed Norton Air Force Base into the San Bernardino International Airport; the housing construction boom of the early 2000s, 10.0°%° d which was largely based on speculation and exacerbated by subprime 0.0% IL W , 1980 1990 2000 2 0 lending practices,; and an influx of families taking advantage of relatively 1990 2000 2010 affordable housing opportunities in comparison to those in Los Angeles, ■City 330% 12.9% 13.2% 1 o Orange, and San Diego counties. ■County 585% 20.5% 19.1% 11 = g g °c J Figure Fi H-1: Population The City's population of 209,924 in 2010 is projected to increase to g P 231,200 persons by 2020, a 10% increase (Table H-1). The county's Growth Trends population is expected to grow at a slower rate than in the 1980s and `90s After experiencing tremendous growth in (Figure H-1). Based on SCAG projections,the City of San Bernardino is the lssos,the rate of growth for both San cn expected to remain one of the top two most populous cities in the county. Bernardino County and city of San N Bernardino has decreased.However,San Bernardino is projected to remain one of the Table H-1 top two most populous cities in the county. N Population Growth Trends in San Bernardino Source:Census,1990,2000,and 2010; Q Year City Population County Population 2012-2035 SLAG RTP Forecast 1980 123,429 895,016 x 1990 164,164 1,418,380 2000 185,401 1,709,434 2010 209,924 2,035,210 E 2020 231,200 2,267,800 Sources: 1990,2000,&2010 U.S.Census Bureau;SCAG 2012-2035 Regional Transportation r Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy Growth Forecast,April 4,2012 Q City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-7 Packef0g.,171 cm 2. Age of Population Age characteristics can influence housing needs. Typically,younger households look for more affordable rental opportunities as they begin their careers and accumulate wealth. As adults begin to form families, the demand increases for larger rentals or more affordable single-family a homes that can accommodate children. Demand for move-up housing is strongest as residents approach the peak earning years of 45-64. As retirement approaches, seniors may wish to downsize into smaller units E that are more easily maintained and accessible. w a� c From 2000 to 2010, the youngest, middle, and eldest age categories both c experienced a slight percentage point decline while the 18-24 and 45-64 = age categories experienced slight percentage point increases. The relative c decline of the proportion of residents under 18 years of age and the N increase of the proportion of the population age 45 through 64 indicates a natural aging of the City's families. The trends shown in Table H-2 indicate the potential need for larger rental units and more affordable single-family homes for the 25-44 year old population as they begin or w expand their families and more move-up ownership opportunities for the =_ 54-64 subpopulation that has accumulated wealth. In 2010, the senior o subpopulation accounted for approximately 8% of San Bernardino = residents; this group may have special housing needs with regard to °c accessibility and proximity to public transportation and medical services. c L d Table H-2 CO c Persons by Age in 2000 and 2010 CO Population %of 2000 Population %of 2010 N Age in 2000 Population in 2010 Population et 17 and younger 65,180 35.2 67,238 32.0 ° N 18-24 20,433 11.0 26,654 12.7 Q 25-44 54,915 29.6 1 56,221 1 26.8 +, 45-64 29,607 16.0 43,277 20.6 65 and over 15,266 8.2 16,534 7.9 w Source:2000&2010 U.S.Census Bureau Data. m E t v ca Q 3-8 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.172 6.A.b 3. Housing 3. Race and Ethnicity The City of San Bernardino has residents from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Like man other communities in Southern California, San otne g Y j Asian,3.8% Bernardino has experienced racial and ethnic diversification over the past couple of decades resulting in a shift from a non-Hispanic White majority a to a Hispanic Origin majority (Table H-3). From 2000 to 2010 the overall r percentage of White and Black residents had declined, the percentage of i Hispanic persons increased, and the percentage of Asian, Pacific Islander, m and American Indian persons remained essentially the same. w According to the Census, approximately 20% of the City's residents are ' c foreign born. Research from HUD has shown that first-generation o immigrant households often include children and/or extended family x members. These larger households generally create demand for homes with three or more bedrooms. Figure H-2: Ethnicity N The majority of San Bernardino residents Table H-3 identify themselves as Persons of Hispanic u> Persons by Ethnicity and Hispanic Origin in 2000 and 2010 origin,which includes persons of any race. LU Population %of 2000 Population %of 2010 Source:2010 census Race or Ethnicity in 2000 Population in 2010 Population Hispanic Origin' 87,654 47.3 125,994 60.0 i p White 53,900 29.1 39,977 19.0 18.0% Black 28,965 15.6 29,897 14.2 160% °c l Asian 7,392 4.0 8,027 3.8 'a Other 51614 3.0 4,458 2.2 1 122..0% 0% Pacific Islander 670 0.4 704 0.3 `m American Indian 1 1,193 0.6 867 0.4 10.0% m I = Source:2000&2010 U.S.Census Bureau Data I 8.0% to Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race or multiple races. 6.0% . --- ------ N 4.0% � 4. Household Growth and Household Size 2�0% N 0.0% 1990- 2000- 201 Q Between 2000 and 2010 the City of San Bernardino experienced a 2000 2010 ' 20, = o ■city 3.4% 5.2°k 12.£ household growth rate of 5.2%, reflective of the housing boom in the City ■county 13.7% 15.071% 14.1 x and throughout the Inland Empire during most of the decade. - w ' Comparatively, the increase between 1990 and 2000 was 3.4%, influenced Figure H-3: Householc by the relocation of thousands of families and individuals affected by the Growth Trends E closure of Norton Air Force Base in 1994. The City of San Bernardino's househok I growth rate is projected to accelerate q According to SCAG projections, the City of San Bernardino's household between 2010 and 2020,more than doubling than the previous decade.. growth rate is projected to increase significantly from 2010 to 2020 to 12.8%, during which the population is projected to increase by over 10%. ! Source:1990,2000,and 2010 U.S.Cei A growing household size explains the difference between population and I Bureau Data;SCAG,2012. household growth rates. i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-9 Packet Pg. 173 Similar to countywide household size trends,the average household size in San Bernardino has increased to reflect larger families. Between 1980 and 2010, the average household size in San Bernardino increased by nearly 25%. Table H-4 demonstrates that the City's average household size was slightly larger than the county's average in 2010. This may be _; due to changes in demographic composition of the City, as well as a reflective of more people living together in units to reduce housing costs M during the recession that began in 2008. I E as Table H-4 w Household Size, 1980-2010 .y Year City Household Size County Household Size 0 1980 2.74 N/A = 1990 3.01 3.05 2000 3.29 3.23 N I 2010 3.42 3.26 r Source: 1980, 1990,2000,&2010 U.S.Census Bureau Data a> 1 E a> 5. Household Composition w Housing and recreation demands are influenced, in part,by household o pp composition. Approximately half of San Bernardino households include x P Y j children, which may create demand for homes with yards or shared open °c space, neighborhoods with child-oriented recreational amenities, and safe pedestrian and cyclist routes to school. E a� m Nonfamily households,which are single-person or unrelated persons sharing housing, comprised approximately 25% of the households in the m N City in 2010. San Bernardino has a higher percentage of nonfamily households than the county as a whole. The relatively high percentage of N nonfamily households may be caused in part by students sharing off- ; campus housing units. California State University, San Bernardino, is the a largest university in San Bernardino County and 90% of its students live off campus (CSUSB Green Campus Program, 2008). Nonfamily W households have a range of housing needs depending on the need or interest in shared housing. Nonfamily student households generally seek E rental opportunities. A comparison between City and county households is j presented in Table H-5. a i 3-10 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 174 6A6 3. Housing Table H-5 Household Com osition, 2010 city Coun ty Household Type %of %of Households Households Households Households Married Couples 25,700 43.4 326,927 53.5 CL With Children 14,230 24.0 166,035 27.1 Without Children 11,470 19.3 160,892 26.3 = d Female Headed 13,518 22.8 99,129 16.2 With Children 7,930 13.4 54,352 8.9 w Without Children 5,588 9.4 44,777 7.3 Male Headed 51302 8.9 44,384 7.3 .N With Children 2,819 4.8 22,598 3.7 = 0 Without Children 2,483 4.2 21,786 3.6 z Nonfamilies 14,673 24.9 1 141,178 23.1 0 Source:2010 U.S.Census Bureau Data. N 6. Household Income d E Extreme An analysis of households by income level provided below in Table H-6 Low Incoi w reveals that nearly 30% of households in the City earned less than 50% of is.s�� 0) the Area Median Income (AMI)between 2005 and 2009. This is a N Ver 0 Osomewhat higher percentage than the countywide level of 25%. In 2013, In( _ HCD reported the median household income for a family of four in San °c Bernardino County as $65,000. L L d Table H-6 - 0° Cit y and County Income Levels- 2005-2009 Figure H-4: Householc cn City County N Income Class Income Households % Households / Income V Extremely Low Up to 30%AMI 3,661 15.6 429,424 13.7 Almost half of City households earn c°�I Very Low 31 to 50%AMI 3,859 13.6 361,468 11.5 lower incomes. ' Low 51 to 80%AMI 5,708 20.3 488,969 15.6 Q Moderate 81 to 120%AMI 7,889 19.4 525,667 16.8 Source:SCAG reporting American Community Survey,2005--2009 data. � Above Moderate >120%AMI 36,090 31.0 1,328,355 42.4 w Source:SCAG reporting of American Community Survey,2005-2009 data. r c d San Bernardino may be home to a relatively high percentage of lower- income residents in part because the relatively affordable housing stock attracts lower-income households. The closure of Norton Air Force Base a in the mid-1990s resulted in the departure of thousands of residents, and hundreds of homes were left behind. Many homes were sold for reduced prices, and those unable to sell became relatively affordable rental homes. The downturn in the housing market that began in 2007 created another City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-11 Packet Pg, 175 �0 cycle of vacant homes due to foreclosures. The Inland Empire and San Bernardino in particular has been very slow to recover. 1 According to the CHAS database, in 2010 there were 12,545 extremely low-income households (3,075 owner and 9,470 renter households). These ; households earn less than 30% of the area median income and face a. significant challenges to affording adequate housing and other critical needs. The high percentage of lower-income households in San Bernardino indicates a need for housing assistance and supportive E programs such as low- or no-cost employment training, adult education, w and child care opportunities to increase resident earning power. c HCD uses the following income categories to identify the need for x0 housing assistance in communities throughout California. As summarized o below,there are five primary income categories based on AMI and N adjusted for household size: ♦ Extremely low: households earning 30% or less of AMI 3 ♦ Very low: households earning 31 to 50% of AMI w ♦ Low: households earning 51 to 80% of AMI N ♦ Moderate: households earning 81 to 120% of AMI = 0 ♦ Above moderate: households earning above 120% of AMI IThe extremely low-, very low-, and low-income categories are often E I considered"lower" income. These terms are used throughout the Housing m Element. ca U) Table H-7 shows the 2013 income limits for San Bernardino County as N calculated by HCD. The percentage of median income limit categories are c provided for reference only; based on numerical adjustments made by `;' HCD, the actual income amount depicted may not exactly match the a r referenced percentage of median income. The income limit amounts, not percentages, guide funding applications and should be used accordingly. w These income limits are used to estimate maximum affordability ; thresholds in assessing the City's housing production and housing resources to accommodate the RHNA(see Land Resources section). s w a i I i i i 3-12 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.176 6Ab LL., 3. Housing Table H-7 Income Limits for San Bernardino County 2013 Percents e of Median Income Limit Household 30% 50% 80% 100% 120% _ Size Extremely Low Very Low Low Median Moderate I °� R Single:One Person Household I Q 1 $14,100 $23,450 $37,550 $45,500 $54,600 1 D Couple/Roommates:Two-Person Household 2 1 $16,100 1 $26,800 $42,900 $52,000 $62,400 m Small Family/Roommates:Three-Person Household i d 3 1 $18,100 $30,150 $48,250 1 $58,500 $70,200 W Family:Four-Person Household _ 4 $20,100 $33,500 $53,600 $65,000 1 $78,000 Large Household:Five+Person Household =O 5 $21,750 $36,200 $57,900 $70,200 $84,250 6 $23,350 $38,900 $62,200 $75,400 $90,500 c 7 $24,950 $41,550 $66,500 $80,600 $96,700 N 8 $26,550 $44,250 $70,800 $85,800 $102,950 -- Source:HCD,2013. CD i E W 7. Poverty ' w According the American Community Survey (ACS), approximately 23% 3 of the City's families were below the poverty level between 2007 and = 2011 compared to 16% for the County of San Bernardino during the same I °c time period. All types of families with children (married or single-parent) j were more likely to fall below the poverty level than families without c children. Single-parent families, particularly female-headed households, m were more likely to be below the threshold than married families. Over one in ten City of San Bernardino females were below the poverty level co i T and female-headed householders comprise 31% of families living in v poverty in the City. r 0 N Children age 17 and younger comprised 44% of the individuals below the Q r poverty level in the City of San Bernardino. Over half of the individuals below the poverty level are age 18 to 64 while only 5% are age 65 or over. w According to the San Bernardino County Human Services Department, nearly half(49.3%) of San Bernardino residents receive some sort of ._ public aid, including cash benefits through CalWORKs, nutrition assistance through CalFresh, or health benefits through Medi-Cal. a i 8. Area Employment Profile Employment opportunities are an important factor in attracting and j retaining residents. Wages and investments establish a household's City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-13 k Packet Pg.177 6.A.b ARerna income,which determines their ability to afford housing. The common trades in an area reflect the types of housing and affordability levels needed there. The ACS estimates that there were 74,181 employed ' residents in the City in 2012, of whom 27%were employed in service j occupations,the largest occupational category among San Bernardino residents. Other common occupational fields were sales/office (24.9%), a I and management/business/science/arts (20.3%). The largest employers are the County of San Bernardino, Stater Brothers Markets, and San Bernardino City Unified School District(Table H-8). It should be noted E a� that after the closure of Norton Air Force Base in 1994,many persons W residing in the City who were employed in the armed forces and related c civil service sector relocated. In 2004, only 0.13%of the labor force was employed by the military. _ I ? o j Table H-8 N Major Employers in San Bernardino 2013 Y Employer Employees E Stater Brothers Markets 18,000 County of San Bernardino 17,395 San Bernardino City Unified School District 8,574 j San Manuel Band of Mission Indians 3,261 0 California State University San Bernardino 3,012 = St.Bernardine Medical Center 1,400 0 E City of San Bernardino 1,500 Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway 1,000-5,000 San Bernardino County Sheriff 1,000-5,000 Amazon 1,000-5,000 Wells Faro Home Mortgage 1,200 in California State Department of Transportation 1,000 r The Sun 526 `� Sources:San Bernardino Area Chamber of Commerce.2013;California Employment c Development Department,2013;and City of San Bernardino,2013. N Q i The State Employment Development Department(EDD)provides projection data for the fastest growing occupations by region. For San x Bernardino and Riverside counties between 2010 and 2020,these w occupations and their hourly wages are: home health aides (54%, $9.71), veterinary technicians (52%, $14.72), emergency medical technicians (43%, $14.02),market research analysis (43%, $27.24), and event c planners(41%, $20.88). Most of these occupations do not require a j college degree and pay at a payscale that aligns to lower-income categories for single-income households. I i i 3-14 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.178` 3. Housing a. Education E Occupations that may be obtained by San Bernardino residents relate to their level of educational attainment. Table H-9 shows that most adults (56.9%) in the City had a high school education or less, a higher l percentage than the county's population with the same educational j a attainment level (47.9%). About 31% of San Bernardino City adults had less than a high school education, compared to about 22% of adults countywide. On the whole, the countywide population has a higher education attainment level than City of San Bernardino residents. The City w has a smaller proportion of people with college degrees than the county as ! c a whole, 18.5% compared to 26.8%,respectively. The high proportion of o adults without a high school diploma may face significant challenges to = obtaining employment with sufficient wages. o I � N Table H-9 j Educational Attainment 2012 E City Percent of County Percent of Educational Level Population Po ulation Population Population W Less than 9`"Grade 15,300 12.6% 128,553 10.2% E 9`"to 12` Grade— No Diploma 22,104 18.3% 148,720 11.9% =o High School Graduate o o or GED 31,484 26.0 323,439 25.8/o I :a Some College-No Degree 29,685 24.5% 1 318,508 25.4% f Associate Degree 9,166 7.6% 103,608 8.3% y Bachelor's Degree 8,981 7.4% 153,66 12.3% i m Graduate or Professional 4,245 3.5% 77,846 6.2% t0 Degree N_ Source:American Community Survey,2012. N d' I � o b. Unemployment N Q In 2012, the ACS estimated that the City of San Bernardino had an 5 unemployment rate of 9.9%, an improvement from unemployment rates in x LU the 1990s,when the City suffered job reductions in several major industries, most notably due to the closure of Norton Air Force Base and the relocation of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe shop. These factors contributed to local unemployment and the decrease in aviation r manufacturing and specialist jobs,which are typically higher paying jobs. a In the years following the transformation from military base to international airport, employment opportunities in logistics increased as more warehousing, distribution, and transportation companies relocated to be closer to the airport. I City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-15 V _-Wi11iYY11Y1Y1111Wi�Y _ y NUB The rate of dependence on public income assistance may also be a factor i in the City's higher unemployment rate. Those receiving public assistance may not want to work because: 1) they are receiving enough money to survive; 2) they are afraid that if assistance ceases once they are employed, they won't earn enough to survive on their wages; or 3) they may lose health care benefits available through Medical. In the City of $ San Bernardino, 15,176 households (27%) received food stamp/SNAP public assistance in 2012, according to ACS data. In the same year, approximately 15% of households throughout the county received food stamp/SNAP public assistance. Some people depending on public w assistance may face limited employment opportunities or not be able to c work at all due to a disability. However, since disability levels in the City c are similar to those in the county, disability is not considered a x contributing factor in the difference between their unemployment levels. c as Housing Characteristics w I E 1. Housing Growth and Unit Mix =' W According to the Department of Finance, in 2013 the City had 65,451 housing units, a 3% increase since 2000. Approximately 30.5% of units j are multifamily units, of which the majority is in multifamily projects o consisting of five or more units. Between 2000 and 2013 multifamily units in the City increased by 5.1%while single-family units increased by 3.1%. I (D Table H-10 shows the annual changes in the housing stock between i January 2000 and January 2013 as estimated by the California Department in of Finance. N i Table H-10 N Housing Types 2000 and 2013 Q r Housing Units Single Multiple Mobile % Persons Year Total Detached Attached 2 to 4 S Plus Hontes Occu ied Vacant per HH w 2000 63,531 37,365 2,716 5,752 13,218 4,480 56,326 11.3 3.19 2013 65,451 39,396 1,908 5,072 14,870 4,205 59,328 9.4 3.46 Source:California Department of Finance,2000/13 City/County Population and Housing Estimates. t=i Q 2. Vacancy The vacancy rate is a strong indicator of the housing market and the ability for the housing stock to accommodate changing housing needs. A high vacancy rate can indicate more affordable housing opportunities, while a low vacancy rate indicates a community's desirability, but also may indicate limited affordable or adequately sized housing opportunities. i 3-16 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.180 3. Housing The building industry generally assumes optimal vacancy rates of 1.5%to 2% for ownership units and 5%to 6% for rental units. These vacancy rates provide a variety of housing choices for potential residents and existing residents seeking to move within the community. : v In 2000, 7,205 housing units were vacant, for an 11.3%vacancy rate. This was broken down into a homeowner vacancy rate of 6.1% and a rental vacancy rate of 9.7%. According to the DOF, vacancy has decreased. In E a� 2013 the City's total vacancy rate is estimated at 9.4%. This high vacancy w a� rate indicates that the housing stock continues to exceed demand; c however, there also may be a mismatch between the units available and a the housing needs in the San Bernardino area. x I 3. Housing Unit Size and Tenure N w Housing size is an important factor in determining the adequacy of the existing housing stock. At a minimum,the housing stock should contain d housing units with a sufficient number of bedrooms to avoid overcrowded w conditions (a living situation in which there is more than one occupant per i room in the house, excluding hallways,bathrooms, closets, and kitchens). 3 o A more desirable housing stock would offer at least one bedroom for = every one or two persons in a household. _ In 2010, the average household size was approximately 3.42 persons per E household(higher than the countywide average of 3.26), and nearly one in I m four San Bernardino households contained five or more persons. This indicates a need for larger-sized housing units. N 4 Housing units in San Bernardino are generally relatively large, with 77% N of ownership housing and nearly 32% of rental housing offering three or more bedrooms. When compared to the distribution of household sizes in a the City in Table H-11, it appears that very large households (more than five persons) are generally underserved by the housing stock, as are small w households. Future housing should address the apparent need for rental and ownership opportunities for very large households. According to the 2010 Census, the City was nearly evenly divided between owners and renters. In 2006 estimates show 29,838 owner a households and 29,445 renter households, for a total of 59,283 households. i j i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-17 ro Table H-11 Housing Unit Size and Tenure iNumber of % of Housing % of Household Bedrooms in Units Knits Households Size r ! Ownership Households I Studios/l bedroom 3% 29% 1-2 person a 2 bedrooms 20% 20% 2-3 person 3 bedrooms 50% 16% 3-4 person 4 bedrooms 22% 14% 5-6 person E 5+bedrooms 5% 21% 6-7 person W Rental Households a� Studios/l bedroom 31% 31% 1-2 person y 2 bedrooms 36% 18% 2-3 person c 3 bedrooms 26% 16% 3-4 person = 4 bedrooms 5% 14% 5-6 person 5+bedrooms 1% 21% 6-7 person N i Source:2012 American Community Survey. i The following assumptions were made in equating the housing stock appropriate for the size of m i households.These assumptions are general in nature and are not guided by state or federal CD guidelines,which can permit households to occupy units in a more intense manner. d -studios and 1-bedroom units: 1-person households and one-half of 2-person households W -2-bedroom units:one-half of 2-person households and one-half of 3-person households -3-bedroom units:one-half of 3-person households and 4-person households y -4-bedroom units:5-person households and one-half of 6-person households o -5-bedroom units or larger:one-half of 6-person households and 7-person or larger households o C I 4. Age and Condition of Housing Stock R L The year a structure was built can be an indicator of the current condition m of the housing unit. Over time, homes require routine maintenance to avoid deterioration. Without proper maintenance homes may become N structurally unsafe or visually distressed, devaluing the property as well as qT the quality and safety of the neighborhood. N Homes are generally considered to be in need of significant repair by age a 50. With a median home age of 44 years (per the 2012 ACS), thousands of homes may be in need of costly repairs like a new roof or plumbing. W Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE) operates a Mobile Home Grant Repair Program and Critical Repair Program for qualifying San Bernardino households. However, most grants range from $5,000 to $10,000 per household and when multiple significant repairs— Q I such as new plumbing and electrical wiring—are needed, so is additional I funding. I As shown in Table H-12, the City experienced most of its residential growth between 1950 and 1989. Approximately 29% of the housing stock is between 30 and 49 years old, and 37.8% is at least 50 years old. After I 3-18 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.182 a. 3. Housing 50 years, homes often require upgrades to essential systems such as plumbing and electrical. Table H-12 Year Structure Built �a Year Built Total Housing Units Percent of Total CL After 2000 3,858 5.8% 1990-1999 5,327 8.0% 1980-1989 12,227 18.4% y 1970-1979 11,470 17.2% W 1960-1969 7,855 11.8% c 1950-1959 13,213 19.8% U) 1940-1949 6,957 10.4% o 1939 or earlier 5,668 8.5% Source:2007-2012 American Community Survey. o rn N Complete plumbing and heating systems are another measure of housing CD conditions. In 2012,there were an estimated 311 renter-occupied units that lacked complete plumbing facilities. However, occupied units lacking w complete plumbing facilities comprised less than 1% of all occupied units, and therefore it is not a widespread problem.No owner-occupied homes 3 were reported as lacking complete plumbing facilities (ACS). _ 0 Adequate utilities within a housing unit are a measure of the unit's ability to provide people with decent housing. The ACS data shows that almost all units (99%) have complete kitchen and plumbing facilities. Heating m fuel for occupied housing units ranged from gas and electricity to wood = and solar energy. ACS data for heating fuel was unavailable, but 2000 in Census data shows that the majority of occupied homes have utility- N provided gas. Of the occupied housing units in the City, 81%use utility c gas, 16%use electricity, 2%use bottled or tank gas, 0.5%use wood, and N I% did not report the use of any fuels. The remaining homes use solar Q energy or kerosene and other fuels. Q X Basic maintenance, such as roof repairs, new paint, fence mending, and w window repairs will need to be encouraged and subsidized to keep the older housing stock viable and protect foreclosed homes from becoming s targets for theft, vandalism, and squatting. Y Q a. Housing Conditions In 1999, the City conducted a block-by-block analysis of housing conditions in all areas of the City except neighborhoods and subdivisions City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-19 Packet Pg. 183 ll developed after the mid-1980s. The survey areas included nearly 50,000 dwelling units; about 75% of the City's housing stock. I General property conditions on each block were rated according to the condition of the paving, landscape, walls and fences, and the amount of debris surrounding dwellings. The housing condition survey results a indicate that the predominant housing needs on most blocks (nearly 60%) are for deferred maintenance, such as repainting, minor roof repairs, or door/window repair, or for minor rehabilitation. A higher percentage of d multifamily dwellings than single-family dwellings (13%versus 6%) need W moderate rehabilitation, while more single-family detached neighborhoods c are in need of substantial rehabilitation. j o x Of the housing condition problems noted in the survey, deteriorated roofs S and siding(including a need for repainting) appeared to be the most N visible problems. Another common and highly visible problem for properties in San Bernardino is landscaping maintenance. Unkempt lawns, E overgrown trees and bushes, and other yard deficiencies reduce the a, character and value of neighborhoods,but can easily be rehabilitated to W t � { rejuvenate neighborhoods. Deteriorating walls and fences were also S I common, particularly on blocks with multifamily properties. c M Since the 1999 survey, numerous homes have been improved through °c I home improvement grants; however, overall housing conditions have not improved due to the tide of foreclosures that have occurred since 2008. E Buildings with visible signs of deferred maintenance due to financial m hardship, absentee landlords, foreclosure, and abandonment are in commonplace. The multifamily housing stock also continued to N j deteriorate. j T N I As of 2013, the City estimates that approximately 15,000 units are in need a j of substantial rehabilitation or replacement. These dilapidated units .- represent 22% of the City's housing stock. Approximately 12 percentage points represent multi-family units. Another 10 percentage points W represent single-family homes, due to the low density nature of older development in San Bernardino. The City estimates that 30% of all fourplex housing stock is in need of replacement. The City is supporting several programs to combat blight(Programs 3.1.4, 3.2.1, 3.2.2. 3.2.3, aC j 3.2.4, 3.2.5, 3.2.6, 3.2.8, and 3.2.9). i 5. Housing Cost and Affordability i Housing affordability is a critical component of creating opportunities for healthy families and neighborhoods. The inability to afford adequate I 3-20 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 184 6.A.t 3. Housing housing can contribute to unwanted situations such as overcrowded homes, overpayment that detracts from a household's ability to make other important expenditures, and the deterioration of the housing stock due to deferred maintenance. Lower-income households are particularly susceptible to such conditions without financial assistance. a a. Home Purchase Prices c d For decades, San Bernardino neighborhoods have attracted families and E seniors seeking more affordable housing options than those available in W Los Angeles and Orange Counties. The ability to afford adequate housing c is of importance to all households; however, lower- and moderate-income c households face greater challenges to affording housing that meets their x household size and financial situation. c N The relative affordability of homeownership and developing housing in w San Bernardino has increased due to the softening of the Southern California housing market. The subprime lending and foreclosure crisis _d resulted in an oversupply of available units in San Bernardino and much of w a, the Inland Empire. _ 0 0 As shown in Table H-13, the median home price in San Bernardino = increased from$106,000 in 2011 to $119,000 in 2012. The median home price increased another 31.5% in 2013 to $156,500. During this same time period, changes to median home prices in most neighboring jurisdictions were also fairly strong, except for Loma Linda,which only m experienced at 0.9% increase in median price (although home prices were in more likely to retain value during the recent recession in Loma Linda than N in surrounding areas). The countywide median home price increased 25.8%between 2012 and 2013. N Figure H-5 compares median home prices in San Bernardino with home Q prices in neighboring jurisdictions during July 2013. The median price for a home in the City was similar to those in neighboring jurisdictions and w only slightly below median prices countywide. d E r City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-21 Packet Pg. 185 r Table H-13 Changes in Median Home Sale Prices (2011-2013) Percent Change _ j Jurisdiction 2011 2012 2013 2011- 2012- °' 2012 2013 CL Bloomington $148,500 $150,000 $189,000 1.0% 26.0% Colton $121,000 $125,500 $165,000 3.7% 31.5% E Fontana $202,000 $219,000 $275,000 8.4% 25.6% i Grand Terrace $200,000 $185,000 $225,000 -7.5% 21.6% w Highland $170,500 $173,000 $213,500 1.5% 23.4% N Loma Linda $236,000 $234,250 $236,250 -0.7% 0.9% Mentone $133,250 $157,000 $257,000 17.8% 63.7% T Redlands $216,000 $225,000 $335,000 4.2% 48.9% N Rialto $160,000 $170,000 $226,250 6.3% 33.1% San Bernardino $106,000 $119,000 $156,500 12.3% 31.5% (D San Bernardino Count $150,000 $163,000 $205,000 8.7% 25.8% w Source:DQnews,2013. 3 Figure H-5 x° Median Home Sales Prices (2013) $400,000 L !6 C L $350,000 -- m C f� $300,000 0) r N $250,000 r N $200,000 Q $ 0 r+ $150,000 $ 0 f f 0 $ o x $100,000 f $ 0 = s m $50,000 E t v $o r Bloomington Colton Fontana Grand Highland Loma Linda Mentone Redlands Rialto San Q Terrace Bernardino Source:DQnews,2013. 3-22 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 186 6 A.b 3. Housing The City of San Bernardino can assist with up to 20% of the purchase price of the home for qualifying lower-income homebuyers through the Homebuyer Assistance Program. These funds can be used toward downpayment and closing costs. The homes purchased under this program may be located in any Census tract in the City, as long as the dwelling is used as the homebuyer's principal residence and the home a remains affordable for a period of not less than 20 years. M c d b. Rental Costs E w The availability and affordability of rental housing is important to meet c the housing needs of several segments of San Bernardino's population. i o Rental housing provides a broad range of housing types to support a x variety of housing needs such as housing those who are not ready for or ! c choose to avoid the cost and responsibilities of homeownership, seniors seeking less costly and lower maintenance dwellings, and families who w benefit from the lower cost of rental housing as well as onsite amenities such as tot-lots and swimming pools. Very low-income households are a� typically best served by rental housing unless residing in a home in which a� the mortgage has been paid in full. N � 3 j O According to a survey of rental listings on www.craigslist.org, the median _ rent in the City of San Bernardino was $805 (see Table H-14). Market = rents in the City averaged approximately$1,072, and ranged from $475 j for a one-bedroom unit to $2,250 for a four-bedroom unit. E m Table H-14 N Median and Average Rents by Number of Bedrooms (2012-2013) T N Bedrooms #Listed Median Rent Average Rent Rent Range o N 1 31 $600 $641 $475-$830 Q 2 51 $775 $814 $650-$1,347 j .Q 3 31 $1,399 $1,378 $895-$1,769 4 17 $1,699 $1,731 $1,300-$2,250 w Total 130 $805 $1,072 $475-$2,250 Source:Craigslist.org,September 2013. R Y C. Housing Affordability by Income I a i Housing affordability can be inferred by comparing the cost of renting or owning a home in the City with the maximum affordable housing costs for households at different income levels. Taken together, this information can generally show who can afford what size and type of housing and j City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-23 F Facket P6.187 co indicate the type of households most likely to experience overcrowding and overpayment. Housing affordability is an important indicator of quality of life in San Bernardino. If residents pay too much for housing they will not have sufficient income for other necessities, such as health care, child care, and a food. Households that spend a substantial portion of their income on housing may also be at risk of becoming homeless in the event of unexpected circumstances such as illness or loss of employment. State law requires that the City facilitate provision of housing opportunities that w are affordable to all economic segments of the community. c .y 3 HUD conducts annual household income surveys nationwide to determine z a household's eligibility for federal housing assistance. Based on this c survey, HCD developed income limits that can be used to determine the N maximum price that could be affordable to households in the upper range of their respective income category. Households in the lower end of each category can afford less by comparison than those at the upper end. Using E these affordability thresholds,housing affordability can be estimated for the various income groups (Table H-15). 5 N I. o 2 C L F L OO W � N I � T 0 N Q .0 L I W E U tC w � Q I i i i i i 3-24 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 188 3. Housing Table H-15 Affordable Housing Costs by Household Size and Tenure-2013 Estimated Utility Allowance, Affordable Costs Taxes& CL (All Costs) Insurance D Annual Rental Ownership Affordable Affordable Household Income Costs Costs Renters Owners Rent Home Price m Extremely Low Income(0-30%AMI) w a� 1-Person $14,100 $353 $353 $127 $135 $226 $34,212 S .N 2-Person $16,100 $403 $403 $165 $179 $238 $33,281 2 3-Person $18,100 $453 $453 $206 $228 $247 $31,186 T 4-Person $20,100 $503 $503 $245 $292 $258 $25,601 Q N 5-Person $21,750 $544 $544 $296 $353 $248 $19,084 Very Low Income 31-50%AMI) CD 1-Person $23,450 $586 $586 $127 $135 $459 $77,733 m 2-Person $26,800 $670 $670 $165 $179 $505 $83,086 w 3-Person $30,150 $754 $754 $206 $228 $548 $87,276 N 0 4-Person $33,500 $838 $838 $245 $292 $593 $87,974 c 5-Person $36,200 $905 $905 $296 $353 $609 $86,345 0 c Low Income 51-80%AMI) I-Person $37,550 $939 $939 $127 $135 $812 $143,365 L CD 2-Person $42,900 $1,073 $1,073 $165 $179 $908 $158,027 m c 3-Person $48,250 $1,206 $1,206 $206 $228 $1,000 $171,525 U) 4-Person $53,600 $1,340 $1,340 $245 $292 $1,095 $181,533 N 5-Person $57,900 $1,448 $1,448 $296 $353 $1,152 $187,351 r O Moderate Income 80-120%AMI N 1-Person $53,150 $1,365 $1,593 $127 $135 $1,238 $265,085 Q 2-Person $60,750 $1,560 $1,820 $165 $179 $1,395 $297,202 Z 3-Person $68,350 $1,755 $2,048 $206 $228 $1,549 $328,156 X w 4-Person $75,950 $1,950 $2,275 $245 $292 $1,705 $355,619 5-Person $82,050 $2,106 $2,457 $296 $353 $1,810 $375,362 m E Source:California HCD,2013 Income limits;and Veronica Tam and Associates v ca w r Assumptions:2013 HCD income limits for San Bernardino County;30%gross household income as affordable Q housing cost;20%of monthly affordable cost for taxes and insurance; 10%downpayment;and 4.0%interest rate for a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage loan. Utilities based on San Bernardino County Housing Authority Utility Allowance,2013 assuming use of electric services. Note:Utility allowance for a three-bedroom unit is used to estimate utility costs for a five-person household. This allowance usually decreases the amount of income available for other housing costs disproportionately. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-25 Packet Pg. 189 i t0 k s Based on these income limits for San Bernardino County and current real estate prices documented in Table H-13 and Table H-14, homeownership and affordable rental housing is in San Bernardino is within the reach of I low- and moderate-income households. Smaller very low-income households can afford a wide range of rental options. Housing options for a; extremely low-income households are virtually non-existent unless public a assistance is involved. Figure H-6 illustrates the income needed to buy or rent a median-priced unit in San Bernardino is about$39,000 in 2013, and compares that income with wage levels of various occupations. MU Figure H-6 c Income Needed to Afford Housing Compared With Wages o i $120,000 = 0 0 $100,000 c m $80,000 ......... - - w a� $60,000 - — — .y $105,958 Income Needed to Rent or Buy o 39 000 = $40,000 $79,603 - — p c $60,850 $49,962 $49,984 L $20,000 -------- $29,483 $21,376 °� m $0 is Management Engineering Education Protective Sales Healthcare Food U) Services Support Prep N I � T An income of approximately $39,000 ensures that a family is not N overspending more than 30% of their income for housing. A single parent Q working in sales or education, then, should be able to afford to rent or even buy a home in San Bernardino, if savings are available for a down X j payment. However, a healthcare support or food prep worker would likely W r struggle to find housing for their family at an affordable cost, without overspending. 0 ca Q I I i 3-26 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 190 3. Housing EXISTING AND FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS The following analysis presents current housing needs and concerns relative to targeted segments of the population, including special needs a groups, households that are overcrowding or overpaying, and lower- and moderate-income households. Future housing needs for move-up and executive housing for above moderate-income households are also E identified. W a� E N Special Needs Groups Special needs groups are subpopulations that may experience adversity in finding and/or affording adequate housing to due specific characteristics generally associated with that group. c d E 1. The Elderly W c In 2010, 16,534 persons age 65 or older lived in the City of San 4 Bernardino (representing 7.9% of the City's total population), and 10,028 0 x households headed by a person age 65 or older(16.9% of the City's 0 households). Of these senior residents, approximately 13% are over age 85. Since disabilities generally increase with age, these extremely elderly c are more likely to have special housing and care needs. m c The elderly often have special needs with regard to housing affordability, in accessibility, and transportation assistance to meet basic needs. Many N senior households rely on fixed incomes and need rental and utility c assistance, home maintenance assistance, and accessibility improvement N assistance. Housing design greatly affects quality of life as we age. a Accessible, universal, and visitable design all refer to exterior and interior design characteristics that reduce barriers to movement into and within a X building. Accessibility and visitability are important components of W personal safety and mental health. For example, as we age stairs may become a deterrent to leaving the home or may prevent guests from E visiting. Both scenarios may result in isolation, which can severely impact w physical and mental health. Homes designed without the elderly in mind q may need modification in order to provide a safe, accessible, and visitable living environment. Some common modifications include ramps, handrails, elevated toilets, and walk-in curbless showers. 0 City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-27 Packet Pg. 191 110 Many senior households may not be able to afford adequate housing. CHAS data for 2010 reported that the City was home to 6,680 lower- income elderly households. Elderly households in San Bernardino are more likely than non-elderly households to be extremely low or very low income. Citywide, 37% of the households were in the extremely low- or cc very low-income groups,but 47% of the elderly households were in the a same income groups based on updated CHAS data for 2006-2010. _ d According to the 2007-2011 ACS, 10%of elderly households in the City E were below the poverty level. Since these lower-income households rely W upon fixed or otherwise severely limited incomes, housing affordability is c a critical component of determining their quality of life. Overpaying for c housing can result in a household's inability to make other important x expenditures, such as for health care and quality food. Of the elderly renter o households in San Bernardino, the ACS reported that 48% overpaid for N housing in 2012,meaning they spent more than 30% of their income on housing expenses. The incidence of overpayment in the City is similar to a that found in the county as a whole; in 2012,46% of elderly households in San Bernardino County overpaid for housing. A variety of resources are available to San Bernardino's elderly o population. According to the 2010-2015 Consolidated Plan, about 400 = lower-income elderly households receive rental assistance through the c Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher program. This program provides rental assistance to approximately 30%of the City's very low-income senior d households. The City also has recreation center programs, transportation m assistance, and nutritional information available for seniors. Table H-16 summarizes the resources available for City of San Bernardino senior N residents. r O N Table H-16 a Housing, Facilities, and Services for the Elderly Name Location Services X X Senior Housing w r AHEPA 302 Apartments 377 E.Gilbert Street 90 units = d San Bernardino low-income senior housing E 1650 W. 16` Street 51 units v Arrowhead Woods San Bernardino low-income senior housing `2 Casa Bernardine 1589 N.Waterman Ave. 241 units Q Retirement Center San Bernardino low-income senior housing Casa Ramona Senior 1519 W. 81 Street 44 units Complex San Bernardino low-income senior housing Jeffery Court Senior 3677 Central Avenue 184 units Apartments San Bernardino low-income senior housing 3-28 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.'192 3. Housing Table H-16 Housing, acilities, and Services for the Elderly Name Location Services Laurel Place 363 E.Gilbert Street 70 units San Bernardino low-income senior housing Leisure Pointe 1371 N.Parkside Drive 134 units a San Bernardino senior housing market rate Light's Rancho Linda 1642 W.27h 50 units San Bernardino low-income senior housingd E The Magnolia(Meta 2120 Medical Center Drive 80 units m Uj Housing) San Bernardino low-income senior housing The Plaza 5655 N."G"Street 160 units = San Bernardino low-income senior housing c San Bernardino Senior 1540 W.Baseline Ave. 75 units x Housing San Bernardino low-income senior housing St. Bernardine's Plaza 550 W.51 Street 150 units ° a� San Bernardino low-income senior housing Telacu L Sierra Vista 650 W.61 Street 75 units San Bernardino low-income senior housing m Telacu 11:Monte Vista 451 N."H"Street 75 units aEi San Bernardino low-income senior housingW Telacu III:Buena Vista 365 E.Commercial Road 75 units c San Bernardino low-income senior housing 3 Telacu IV:La Amistad SE Corner Highland and 90 units O Central,San Bernardino low-income senior housing o NW Corner 4` and"G" 75 units Telacu V: Hacienda Street,San Bernardino low-income senior housing 7 nits c The Villas 2985 San Bernardino ino Street senior housing(all VA/private pip a ) Facilities and Services N Social recreation;congregate Delmann Heights 2969 Flores Street meals;health screening;in- c home support services; Community Center San Bernardino N security/crime assistance; transportation assistance Q Hernandez Nutrition 222 N Lugo Avenue Z Center San Bernardino Nutritional services ;x x Lytle Creek Community 380 S."K"Street Nutritional services w Center San Bernardino c 780 E.21 sc Street Social recreation;congregate d Perris Hill Senior Center meals;health screening; San Bernardino information and assistance r Social recreation;congregate Q meals;case management; San Bernardino Senior 600 W. 5`"Street consumer services; Center San Bernardino employment assistance;health screening;information and assistance;in-home support services;mental health City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-29 Packet Pg. 193' /U Table H-16 Housing, Facilities, and Services for the Elderly Name Location Services screening;respite care m M CL D r c d ACTS/UReach Transit City of Loma Linda Transportation assistance for (D seniors in the Loma Linda area w Highland Senior Center City of Highland Transportation assistance c N Josephine Knopf Senior Transportation assistance for City of Fontana seniors who are City of Center Fontana residents 0 Reach Out Morongo N Basin City of Twentynine Palms Transportation assistance Redlands Community Transportation assistance for E Center City of Redlands seniors who are City of m Redlands residents w Source:City of San Bernardino,2013. .y 3 \WWI According to the 2010 American Community Survey, 6,870 owner X householders and 3,290 renter households were age 65 or over. The City °c permits a range of housing types to address the special financial, physical, R and safety needs of its elderly population. E as m ♦ Age-Restricted Apartments: Senior housing is permitted, subject to a Development Permit, in all multi-family zones. This use is U) T conditionally permitted in the Commercial Office (CO), Commercial General -2 (CG-2), and Commercial Regional— N Downtown(CR-2) zones. Densities up to 50%higher than generally allowed in those zones may be permitted for senior a housing development, subject to review of a marketing feasibility study and plan for the project. The City continues to support the w construction of senior apartments, such as the AHEPA 302 Apartments on Gilbert Street. The 90-unit apartment complex E features one-bedroom units, community rooms,workout rooms, a library, and computer lab. w ♦ Adult Day Care: Adult day care facilities are an important a component of elderly services because they provide safe and secure places for the elderly and disabled to stay while their primary caretakers work or run errands. In 2013, licensed adult day care centers in San Bernardino had the capacity to serve 300 persons. 3-30 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 194 6 A.b 3. Housing ♦ Residential Care for the Elderly: Residential care facilities for the elderly are family homes, group care facilities, or other similar facilities in which non-medical care is provided 24 hours per day to support daily activities and ensure personal security of the elderly. Licensed residential care facilities for the elderly in the City of San Bernardino provided 530 beds in 2013. Residential a care facilities serving six or fewer persons are permitted by right of M use in all residential zones, with the exception of the Student Housing overlay, and conditionally permitted in the CO, E Commercial General-1 (CG-1), CG-2, and CR-2 zones without W a� size limitation. ♦ Senior Congregate Care Housing: According to the Municipal c Code, senior congregate care housing is defined as a structure(s) x providing residence for a group of senior citizens (60 years of age o or more) with central or private kitchen, dining,recreational, etc. N facilities with separate bedrooms and/or living quarters. This type of housing is commonly referred to as "assisted living". Senior Congregate Care is permitted with a Development Permit in all a, multifamily zones, and with a Conditional Use Permit in four w a, commercial zones. _ N O As the resident population ages, the City may experience an increased = demand for barrier-free housing, housing in proximity to public 0 transportation, senior-oriented rental housing, and assisted living facilities. L During the planning period the City may also experience an increasing d demand for varying levels of senior care housing. m �o 2. Persons with Disabilities (Including Developmental Cn Disabilities) 0 N Individuals with disabilities can have a number of physical, sensory, or a mental health needs that may require special housing accommodations or .� financial assistance for adequate housing. Some people with disabilities have special needs that limit their employment opportunities and therefore Ui their incomes. These individuals have lower incomes, may experience high health care costs, and require assistance to afford adequate housing, transportation, and other basic needs. A segment of the disabled population,particularly lower-income and retired individuals, may not r have the financial capacity to afford needed improvements or Q modifications to their homes. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-31 Packet Pg. 195 x a. Disabilities Tallied Between 2009 and 2011,the ACS estimated 25,491 persons in San Bernardino had a disability (12.2% of the City's population). Among people between the 18 and 64 years of age(the working age population), CU 15,830 persons with disabilities were reported. Among disabilities tallied a for these individuals, cognitive difficulties were the most common(25%) followed by self-care difficulties (24%), as indicated in Table H-17. Of those aged 65 and over,the ACS estimated 7,332 persons with disabilities. E Ambulatory and independent living difficulties were the most common w disabilities within this age group, representing 31% and 19%,respectively. c N 0 Table H-17 = Disabilities Tallied c Disabilities N Disability by Age Tallied % Age 5 to 17 1936 m E With a hearing difficulty 259 9% 2 With a vision difficulty 355 12% With a cognitive difficulty 1,606 55% N With an ambulatory difficulty 240 8% o With a self-care difficulty 476 16% _ 0 Age 18 to 64 15.830 c With a hearing difficulty 2,416 8% E With a vision difficulty 3,040 10% With a cognitive difficulty 7,869 25% m With an ambulatory difficulty 7,673 24% co With a self-care difficulty 3,283 10% With an independent living difficulty 7,106 23% C, M,e 65 and over 7,332 0 N With a hearing difficulty 2,458 15% With a vision difficulty 1,560 9% Q With a cognitive difficulty 2,288 14% _2 With an ambulatory difficulty 5,066 31% w With a self-care difficulty 21027 12% With an independent living difficulty 3,160 19% Source:American Community Survey(ACS),2009-2011. s Note: An individual can report more than one disability. r Q Lower-income disabled San Bernardino residents may seek housing assistance through the county's Housing Choice Voucher program. Disabled ownership households may apply for home improvement financial assistance from the City's Housing Division. In many disabled 3-32 City of San Bernardino January 2014 1 Packet Pg. 196 6.A.b 3. Housing households,modifications that improve safety and accessibility are critical contributors to quality of life. For persons with physical or mobility limitations, California Administrative Code Title 24 requires all public buildings, employee housing,manufactured housing, and privately funded and new apartment a buildings be accessible to the public through architectural standards such as ramp ways, large doors, and restroom modifications to enable handicap access. Federally assisted new housing construction is required to build at E least 5%of the total units to standards accessible for persons with mobility w disabilities and 2%for persons with hearing or visual impairments. N 3 Lower-income San Bernardino residents with HIV/AIDS may receive z° motel vouchers, transitional housing,permanent supportive housing, and rent, mortgage, and utility assistance from the Inland Aids Project. N b. Developmental Disabilities 2 A recent change in State law requires that the Housing Element discuss the w housing needs of persons with developmental disabilities. As defined in =_ Section 4512 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, developmental o disability means "a disability that originates before an individual attains = age 18 years, continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely, and constitutes a substantial disability for that individual. As defined by the Director of Developmental Services,in consultation with the a Superintendent of Public Instruction,this term shall include mental CO retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and autism. This term shall also in include disabling conditions found to be closely related to mental retardation or to require treatment similar to that required for individuals with mental retardation,but shall not include other handicapping N conditions that are solely physical in nature." Q The Census does not record developmental disabilities. The State Department of Developmental Services (DDS)maintains a database of w clients served by the Developmental and Regional Centers by ZIP Code. Developmentally disabled clients from ZIP Codes within San Bernardino E are summarized in Table H-18. As of November 2012, at least 3,189 San 0 Bernardino residents with developmental disabilities were being assisted at Developmental and Regional Centers.' Most of these individuals were a residing in a private home with their parent or guardian; specifically, at 1 The State DDS aggregates the client data by age group,ZIP Code,and type of housing arrangement. Data are suppressed when a ZIP Code contains fewer than 25 clients. Therefore,a range is provided for each category in Table H-18. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-33 Packet Pg. 197 �0 least 1,442 of these persons with developmental disabilities were under the age of 18. Table H-18 M Developmentally Disabled (November 2012) a Housing Arrangement Age Group Number c CCF/ICF Under 18 3 to 72 d Family/Foster Home Agency Under 18 9 to 216 d Home of Parent/Family/Guardian Under 18 1,430 to 1,453 w CCF/ICF 18 to 21 6 to 144 5 Family/Foster Home Agency 18 to 21 4 to 96 c Home of Parent/Family/Guardian 18 to 21 285 to 377 z ILS/SLS 18 to 21 4 to 96 CCF/ICF 22 to 64 327 to 465 N Family/Foster Home Agency 22 to 64 4 to 96 r Home of Parent/Family/Guardian 22 to 64 895 to 918 ILS/SLS 22 to 64 202 to 363 E CCF/ICF 65 or Older 3 to 72 W Family/Foster Home Agency 65 or Older 9 to 916 at c Home of Parent/Family/Guardian 65 or Older 1,430 to 1,453 CCF/ICF=Community Care Facilities/Intermediate Care Facilities = ILS/SLS=Independent Living Skills/Supportive Living Services Source:State Department of Developmental Services,November 2012.Data for ZIP Codes 92324,92346,92354, 92376,92401,92404,92405,92407, 'a 92408,92410,and 92411. c L d Developmentally disabled persons may request assistance from the Inland m Regional Center, a private, nonprofit corporation that provides resource cn coordination, program referral, and some financial assistance. Ct 3. Single-Parent Households N a Single-parent households may have special housing needs related to supporting a family on a single income, child-oriented amenities, and child x care assistance. The incomes of single-parent households are often limited W r due to the need to work fewer hours in order to care for children. Single parents employed full time may have additional costs associated with child E care, which in turn limits the amount of household income available for M other important expenditures such as housing and health care. Q Single-parent households generally earn much lower incomes than two- parent or married-couple households. In the City of San Bernardino, married-couple households with children earn a median annual income of 3-34 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.198 3. Housing $51,481,while single-father households earn an average of$19,931 and single-mother households average only $16,664 per year(Table H-19). Female-headed households may have special housing needs,particularly affordability. When looking at gender, age, and poverty, all females less than 54 years old are more likely to be below the poverty level than their Q. male counterparts. In 2010, the Census reported a total of 13,518 female- headed families in the City of San Bernardino, comprising 22.8% of all City families. In the same year, female-headed households comprised E 16.2% of families countywide. The 2012 ACS reported that female- w headed households earn a median annual income of$24,038 in the City, c much lower than their counterparts countywide,who earn$30,066. For c both areas, single-mother households earn $3,000 to $10,000 less annually z than the median for single-father households. c a� N Considering the low incomes reported above, affordable child care and housing are of utmost importance to single-parent households, especially single mothers. The availability of such may determine whether or not a a, household must overcrowd or overpay for housing. Government-assisted housing projects, Head Start and other federal programs, and Housing Choice Voucher rental assistance are examples of programs that may ease 3 0 the burden on lower income female-headed and single-parent households. _ 0 c =a Table H-19 0 Median Family Income by Household Type a Family Type City Countym Total $39,681 $55,750 Married-Couple $59,560 $67,773 N With Children $51,481 $66,234 d Without Children $67,876 $69,445 0 Female-Headed $24,038 $30,066 N With Children $16,664 $22,020 Q r Without Children $39,518 $41,927 0 Male-Headed $24,740 $39,714 7 X With Children $19,931 $32,733 W Without Children $35,174 $46,453 Source:American Community Survey,2012. E 1: t v 4. Large Households a Large households are defined as households consisting of five or more persons. In 2010, there were approximately 15,872 households of five or more persons in the City. Of the total number of households in the City, 7,121 were five persons, 4,089 were six persons, and 4,662 were seven or more persons. Households of five or more in both the City and countywide City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-35 Packet pg. 190 y made up approximately 27% of the total number of households, up from 17% of the total households in 1990. The increase in household size may correspond to an increasing occurrence of multiple households sharing one housing unit. Sharing a household may be necessary to afford housing or be a personal choice related to cultural preferences for multigenerational ; living or communal living. a D As shown in Table H-20, the number of large households in San Bernardino that own the units they occupy (7,989) in 2010 was roughly E the same as the number of large households that rent(7,883). W Approximately 14% of households in the City were owner-occupied by c large households, compared to 14% in the county for the same group. In o the City, 13% of housing units were renter-occupied households with five x or more occupants, compared to only 9% in the county. The City of San c Bernardino has a special need for large rental units to house families with N five or more persons. a� In the City, seven-person households earn the most of any household size, likely due to having at least two earners, if not three. This is an indication w tM that large households in San Bernardino may be unrelated or nonfamily = households, or households sharing a home with adult relatives. o x 0 Table H-20 = Tenure by Persons in Occupied Units M Number of Persons in Household Owner Occupied Renter Occupied 1-4 Persons 21,849 21,562 m _ 5 Persons or More 7,989 7,883 M Cl) 5 Persons 3,544 3,577 6 Persons 2,059 2,030 N 7 Persons or More 2,386 2,276 c Source:Census,2010. cV Q 5. College Students X W College students may have limited budgets due to the cost of education c and limited time available for professional employment. Often students 0 choose to live off campus to reduce living costs and may accept substandard housing or overcrowded conditions. The City is home to a r number of higher education and technical training institutions. The largest Q institutions include the California State University, San Bernardino; San Bernardino Valley College; and American Sports University. California State University, San Bernardino is located in the northeastern section of the City and has an annual enrollment of approximately 20,000 3-36 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.200 6.A.b 3. Housing students. As of 2013, approximately 1,500 students lived on campus; the university expects to ultimately provide on-campus housing for approximately 3,000 students. A student housing market study was conducted in May 2009; the study determined that demand for additional dormitory space could exceed supply sometime between 2012 and 2014. r The University may consider building or leasing 100-200 dormitory-style bedrooms and recently opened a 132-bedroom apartment community (University Village) to serve these growing needs. d E Rs Funding for on-campus housing projects increases or decreases with the W health of the overall economy and the State budget. A previous survey of c student housing preferences revealed that on-campus housing was a low o priority to students and a small minority(8%) responded that campus = housing was important to them (compared to 17% for the entire California c State University system). Over three-quarters (78%) of students chose N CSUSB because it was "close to home,"which may indicate that many students live with their families while attending school. For students choosing or able to live independently of their families, however, d proximity to the CSUSB may be an important factor in selecting housing. w a� The older single-family housing stock in San Bernardino may be an 5 important source of affordable housing for students seeking to rent a home c as a group. _ 0 c The San Bernardino Valley College (SBVC) is a community college with L an enrollment of approximately 12,300 students and is located just west of d the downtown area. San Bernardino Valley College does not offer on- m campus housing or dormitories,but provides technical assistance to help students find off-campus apartments and housing for rent in the local area. N SBVC estimates total living expenses for one academic year(10 months) at$11,500,which includes rent,meals, transportation, and personal N expenses. ' Q Additionally,the American Sports University (ASU) is located in downtown San Bernardino. ASU is the nation's only four-year college w dedicated to sports education and operates as an independent, non-profit, private institution granting bachelor and master degrees in the discipline of E sports education. The current capacity is about 3,000 students, although ASU may have plans to expand in the future. .2 San Bernardino's population of 13,500 or more college students represents a large portion of the City's housing needs. A high percentage of students attending higher education and technical training institutions live within the community and many live with their parents or other family members. On-campus housing is relatively limited but is not considered in high City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-37 Packet Pg.201 demand due to the relatively low cost housing options available throughout the rest of the community. Duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, and stacked flats are examples of housing products that can serve the needs of students (at 10-20 units per acre) and remain compatible with existing lower- or medium-density a neighborhoods. The City's Residential Student Housing overlay (RSH) r permits multifamily dwellings—including apartments and condominiums—that house student populations up to a density of 20 units per acre on sites of at least five acres. Student housing is required to W provide amenities in relation to the number of unitsibedrooms. c .N 3 New student housing in the downtown could offer access to the San x° Bernardino Valley College and ASU at much higher densities in buildings c that consist solely of residential apartments or as part of a mixed-use N development. c d 6. Farm Workers E W 0 The citrus industry was a central feature of the City's early economy and =_ employment base, and strongly influenced the development patterns o within the San Bernardino Valley. With the post–World War II = development boom, however, the once prolific orange groves and grape vineyards rapidly disappeared. Today, there are only small parcels in L active agricultural use in the City, and there are no agricultural zoning designations in the City. m c Farm workers generally have low incomes due to the unskilled and r.r. manual labor nature of their work. While all farm workers may face difficulty in affording adequate housing,migrant farm workers have a N special need for housing on a seasonal basis. Q According to 2007-2011 ACS data, there were 716 people employed in farming, forestry, and fishing occupations. This is less than 1% of the w City's total population age 16 and over. The need for farm worker housing is less than significant since the City is not a center of agricultural E production. However, the City complies with the California Employee Housing Act where it would apply(Section 17000 of the Health and Safety Code). a According to the California Department of Housing and Community Development, farm worker housing exists in agricultural areas of the county, the nearest in Beaumont, approximately 28 miles east of the City. 3-38 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.202 s.a.b 3. Housing 7. Homeless Persons The homeless are residents with the most urgent and sensitive housing needs. Homelessness may occur following a range of situations, such as domestic violence, mental illness, substance abuse, loss of employment, a; and personal debt. The complexity of drivers for homelessness speaks to a the breadth of programming necessary to serve and rehabilitate this D r subpopulation. d E as In 1991, the San Bernardino County Homeless Coalition(Coalition)was w established to address homelessness in the City of San Bernardino and in c the county in general. The Coalition consists of representatives of c government agencies, churches, and organizations providing aid to the x homeless, and private agencies and individuals concerned with the needs c of the homeless. A primary service provided by the Coalition is to identify N the magnitude of the homeless problem throughout the county, and to specify specific needs throughout each geographic area. Many homeless E persons are transient, moving between shelters, encampments, and the CD like. The nomadic nature of homelessness makes assessing the number and need of this subpopulation difficult. 5 3 O In 2013, the San Bernardino County Homeless Partnership conducted a = comprehensive census and survey of the county's homeless population. The Partnership trained survey administrators, including homeless persons m and formerly homeless persons, to improve accountability and seek out the a less visible homeless. The survey administrators counted 908 homeless m persons in the City of San Bernardino, including 497 unsheltered in homeless. Of the sheltered homeless counted, 37%were living in N emergency shelters and 42%were counted in transitional housing facilities. Of the total homeless population in the county, 39% (both N sheltered and unsheltered),were located in the City of San Bernardino on Q the night of the census. There is also an unseen homeless population of families and individuals w that reside in extremely overcrowded conditions or in motels in order to afford housing. Any disruption to their income, such as a loss of E employment or illness, could result in homelessness. a. Continuum of Care Q A continuum of care is needed to provide a full range of services to address the various unmet needs of the City's homeless population. A •• comprehensive plan must address underlying physical, social, mental, and City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-39 Packet Pg.203 C" economic needs. The continuum of care to address homelessness in San Bernardino's involves four main components: ♦ Homeless prevention—Services aimed at decreasing the number of households and individuals who are at risk of homelessness. The City provides emergency assistance to residents in need. $ ♦ Homeless outreach and needs assessment—Communicating with D the homeless to understand their needs in order to create responsive programs. The City works with homeless service E a� providers to identify gaps in assistance and provides gap financing w on an annual basis. _ ♦ Emergency shelter and transitional housing—Emergency shelters o are needed to meet the immediate short-term needs of the = unsheltered homeless. Emergency shelters provide housing for up o to six months and may offer some in-house services or service N referrals. Transitional shelters permit stays of no less than six months and integrate rehabilitation services. Transitional housing a programs often provide mental health counseling,parent d education,English language education, financial counseling, w substance abuse treatment, and other services intended to provide S participants with improved life skills necessary to transition to self- 0 sufficiency. The City provides funds to emergency shelters and = transitional housing service providers. Emergency shelters are =° permitted with approval of a building permit in specific areas of E the City. L ♦ Homeless transition strategy—Permanent supportive housing m refers to permanent housing with no limit on length of stay in which the organization managing the housing or another service N entity provides supportive services such as continued counseling, 4 job training, and child care. Graduates of transitional housing N programs benefit from continued support services and emergency Q assistance available in permanent supportive housing programs. The City provides funds to homeless service providers offering transition assistance. w Funding available for projects and programs that address the needs of the homeless is highly limited due to the State Legislature's elimination of redevelopment agencies in 2012 and diminishing federal funds (e.g., Community Development Block Grant [CDBG] and Emergency Solutions a Grant [ESG]). In years past,up to 15% of the City's annual CDBG allocation and the majority of the ESG funds had been used to support social service providers and shelter operations that serve the homeless. Furthermore, a portion of the former Economic Development Agency's (EDA) Low and Moderate Income Housing Fund(LMIHF)was used to 3-40 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 204 3. Housing support emergency shelter and transitional housing development. ESG and CDBG funds will continue to support homeless services in the future. However, LMIHF is no longer an available resource to the City. In addition,the City will continue to participate in the following: as w ♦ Shelter Plus Care Program: Through the program, the Housing a Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) provides rental subsidies and administers housing assistance,while the San Bernardino County Department of Behavioral Health provides E services ranging from job training, health care, supportive services, W and educational services, allowing a tenant an opportunity to c obtain economic and social independence, when otherwise they c may still be homeless. x ♦ San Bernardino County Continuum of Care Coalition: The City is c an active participant in the Continuum and provides staff resources N and funds to the organization made up of various public and private agencies concerned with homelessness. The Coalition provides interagency coordination and assistance to facilities d throughout the county. The existing network of service providers available to assist the City's o homeless persons and those at risk of homelessness is extensive. Table H- _ 21 identifies a number of organizations in San Bernardino that provide emergency shelter,transitional housing, and supportive services for the CU L homeless or at-risk homeless. a m The San Bernardino County Homeless Partnership maintains the Guide to in Homeless Service Providers of agencies and organizations active in the N county. v T N b. Zoning for Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and a Permanent Supportive Housing The Development Code provides an Emergency Shelter overlay zone w (Chapter 19.10-E) to permit emergency shelters serving up to 60 persons per shelter nightly without discretionary review within five designated E areas spread across the City and its wards. The overlay zone covers roughly 145 acres of land divided into 127 parcels, of which 51 (40%) are a one-half-acre or greater as individual parcels. Another 36 parcels are 0.46 to 0.49 acres, meaning approximately two-thirds of the parcels designed for the overlay are about one-half-acre or larger. The land is designated in one of three zoning categories: Industrial Light(IL), Commercial Heavy (CH), or Office Industrial Park(OIP). The areas are characterized by light manufacturing,warehousing, residential, and commercial uses. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-41 Packet Pg.205 !r9 Selection of locations for the Emergency Shelter overlay zone in the IL, CH, and OIP zones was based on a number of factors that indicate the greatest opportunities for shelter development and supporting resources to be located in these areas. : a Table H-21 Bernardino Emergency Shelters and Transitional Housing Target 0 ED Name Services Population Beds a) Catholic Charities Motel vouchers,emergency food,and utility assistance All N/A c .y Health clinic,food,and youth programs;cold weather Central City Lutheran Mission Men 60 0 emergency shelter = Community Action !— Motel vouchers rental assistance,family self- o Partnership of San Bernardino Families N/A M County sufficiency supportive services Emergency shelter,transitional housing,case = Frazee Community Center management,and supportive services All,veterans 14 m E Emergency shelter,transitional housing,permanent 0 Foothill AIDS Project' housing,rent/utility assistance,case management,food Persons with HIV/ N/A W bank,sup ortive services AIDS = .N House of Angels Transitional housing,food bank,supportive services Women N/A p Inland Temporary Homes Emergency shelter,transitional housing Families families lies =a Miracles in Recovery Supportive services All N/A Temporary crisis intervention shelter, 18 month Option House Domestic transitional housing;rent/utility assistance,supportive Women and Violence 1 children 60 m 0 services Restoration House of Refuge Transitional housing,supportive services Women N/A U) Salvation Army Emergency shelter Men 28 Women and d Salvation Army Emergency shelter children 68 N Salvation Army Emergency shelter Men 124 Q Salvation Army Transitional housing All N/A Set Free Christian Fellowship Emergency shelter All N/A Time for Change Foundation Emergency Shelter Women and 8 w children Transitional housing,supportive services,case Turrill Transitional Assistance mana ement Veterans 21 Veronica's Home Emergency Shelter Women and children 40 0 .r Q Veronica's Home II Emergency Shelter Women and children 80 Source:Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County 2013 3-42 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.206 6.A.b 3. Housing ♦ Trends have shown social services seeking more affordable land and buildings in light industrial/heavy commercial zones. For example,the Salvation Army,the San Bernardino County Food Bank and Community Action Partnership, a social service agency providing support services to homeless and low-income individuals, have all constructed new facilities in the IL zone in CL recent years. i ♦ These zones are employment centers most likely to provide entry level employment opportunities for shelter residents. i ♦ As employment centers, these zones are well-served by transit. j w Potential exposure of shelter residents to environmental hazards or nuisance conditions that are not compatible with residential uses was also i considered in the selection of areas to apply the Emergency Shelter c overlay zone. The IL, CH and OIP zones do not permit the more intensive ' N heavy industrial uses or hazardous activities or extensive outdoor industrial uses permitted in the Heavy Industrial (IH) or Industrial _ Extraction (IE) zones). The OIP zone is defined as a business park d environment, where no outdoor uses, and no noisy or hazardous uses are j w permitted. Finally,the IL, CH, and OIP zones of the City are still occupied c by numerous individual residences and neighborhoods. In recognition of o these established residential uses throughout these areas, existing single _ family residences (existing prior to adoption of the current Development Code in 199 1) are permitted uses in the IL, CH, and OIP zones. As L permitted uses,they are not restricted from improvement or expansion. m At least one-third of the sites are vacant and readily available for j in development. Some of the developed parcels could be redeveloped for j N emergency shelter use with limited improvements, such as the addition of more windows for improved ventilation and lighting. The available sites N have the potential to meet and exceed the City's need for 497 additional Q shelter beds. j I � Affording transportation is often a problem for those in need of emergency ! w shelter. The designated areas are served by multiple Omnitrans bus routes that can provide low-cost transportation for those in need of shelter. Route 2 operates along the E Street Corridor and travels from the northern boundary of the City to the southern area, stopping at Loma Linda a Hospital. Route 5 connects Downtown San Bernardino to California State University San Bernardino. Route 8 connects Downtown to Loma Linda, Mentone, and Yucaipa. Route 9 connects Downtown to Loma Linda, j Redlands, and Yucaipa; Route 10 runs along Baseline Road and serves as a major east—west connector. Route 14 travels along Foothill Boulevard, P turning into 5th Street and intersecting with the downtown. Route 15 City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-43 Packet Pg.207 is AO connects San Bernardino to Fontana, Rialto, and Redlands. These Omnitrans routes can connect emergency shelters to high schools, community colleges, medical centers,post offices, local government offices, employment centers, and other service providers. jThe Development Code establishes standards for new and adaptive reuse v for emergency shelters in accordance with State law. The standards ensure that shelters are developed and managed in a safe manner while removing the potential hurdles created by the requirement of a conditional use d permit. w a� ♦ Maximum resident density of 1 resident per 150 square feet up to a c maximum of 60 residents x ♦ Maximum length of stay: 6 months o ♦ Site cannot be located more than 0.5 miles from a public transit N line j ♦ Off-street parking: one space per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area or one space for each employee on the largest shift plus one a, space for each agency vehicle plus three visitor spaces, whichever is greater 5 ♦ Fencing and exterior lighting conforming to the development o I standards of Chapter 19.20 of the Development Code = ♦ Security and management plan to operate the shelter in a safe and °_ effective manner and coordinate services offered to residents a c L 8. Extremely Low-Income Households m ca As stated earlier in the element,there were 12,545 extremely low-income N households in San Bernardino in 2010, with rental households representing over three quarters of this group. These households earn less N than 30% of the area median income and often face difficulty paying for a i multiple aspects of living, including shelter, food, clothing, and education. w Extremely low-income households are commonly employed in the service and hospitality industries. Many are often at risk of becoming homeless w and may receive assistance or take shelter at the City's emergency shelter and transitional housing facilities. j Based on State income limits for 2013, a four-person, extremely low- a j income household earns no more than$20,100, and can afford approximately $258 per month for rent. Homeownership and rental opportunities for extremely low-income households are considered financially infeasible throughout California, including San Bernardino, due to the levels of subsidies required for a single unit. i 3-44 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.208 6.A.b 3. Housing According to 2010 CHAS, there were 3,470 extremely low-income renter households and 3,075 extremely low-income ownership households in San Bernardino. Roughly 82% of these renter households and 77% of these ownership households experienced overpayment problems. Approximately 71% of these renters and 60% of the owners paid in excess of 50% of their a; income for housinga condition called extreme overpayment. a Large-family households made up roughly 20% of the City's extremely j low-income households. Smaller families or households (2 to 4 members) E a� made up nearly 37% of extremely low-income households,with 1- and 2- W person elderly households representing another 23%. Accordingly,well i c over half of extremely low-income households would benefit from smaller o studio, one-, and two-bedroom units. Two-bedroom units could also serve i = some of the large-family households without creating overcrowded I Q conditions. N w In addition to the City's homeless resources and zoning, the Development i Code allows single room occupancy(SRO)hotels in the Commercial d General (CG-2) and Commercial Regional-Downtown (CR-2) zones,with W approval of a CUP. SROs can serve as permanent or transitional supportive housing for extremely low-income households, including the i o formerly homeless. Transitional housing may also be located in single- _ family homes (e.g., rooms for rent) or apartments to provide a bridge °_ between group housing in a shelter and completely independent living. In accordance with State law,transitional housing is permitted by zone based ai on unit type. m c �o Conventional housing can also serve extremely low-income households. co The constructed and approved income-restricted projects described in the Land Resources section of this Element serve households earning 0-80% ? N of the area median income, with a portion earning less than 30% of the a area median income. For example, the TELACU III property (constructed in 2009)provides 75 units of income restricted housing, of which 63 were occupied and restricted for extremely low-income households. Some w funding sources that finance income-restricted projects require deep levels of subsidy that target extremely low-income households. Additionally, 185 of the 252 units currently located at Waterman Gardens (an existing development owned by the Housing Authority), and 22 units at the I Q Magnolia Senior Apartments at Highland and Medical Center, which was under construction in 2013, are serving extremely low-income residents. i i I j i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-45 w i Overcrowding Overcrowding refers to a living situation in which there is more than one occupant per room in the house (rooms excluding hallways,bathrooms, closets, and kitchens). Overcrowding is one measure of the ability of existing housing to adequately accommodate the existing population. j Generally, overcrowding indicates that the housing costs of available housing with a sufficient number of bedrooms exceeds a family's ability to 2 afford such housing or unrelated individuals (such as students or low-wage W, single adult workers) must share dwelling units due to high housing costs. N Cultural preferences for shared rooms and multigenerational living o arrangements may also be a contributing factor to overcrowding. I o I Overcrowding is not a widespread issue in San Bernardino. This reflects the City's oversupply of single-family detached homes, large multifamily = housing stock, and housing affordability. As shown in Table H-22, approximately 10% (3,088) of the City's ownership households and 21% w (6,139) of renter households experience overcrowding. 0 3 Table H-22 0 = Overcrowdingc° Owner Renter Total I Persons Per Room Number Percent Number Percent Percent c L 1.00 or less 28,232 90% 23,155 79% 85% m Overcrowded Households a 1.01 to 1.50 2,415 8% 3,938 13% 11% l!) 1.51 or more 673 2% 2,201 8% 4% N Source:2007-2011 American Community Survey. T 0 N Overpayment a i j Overpayment for housing generally refers to a household expending more w i than 30% of its income for housing. Overpaying for housing is an increasing problem in many cities,particularly among lower-income m households. Some households may pay more than 50% of income toward housing, a situation called severe overpayment. w I a Overpaying for housing is considered a housing problem because it leaves a household with limited financial resources for other important expenses such as health care and transportation. According to the 2010 CHAS, approximately 51% of all San Bernardino households overpaid for housing, including 27%that spend at least half of their income for housing I 1 3-46 City of San Bernardino January 2014 FPacket Pg.21-0 6Ab 3. Housing (Table H-23). A total of 13,899 owner households and 16,989 renter households overpaid in 2010. This indicates that rental housing is typically the only option for very low-income households. According to the 2010 CHAS database, 79% of lower-income households overpaid, including 35% of lower-income owner households and 84% of lower-income renter M households. a. D Y Table H-23 d Over a ment d Percentage of Income Owner Reuter Total or Housing Number Percent Number Percent Percent .N Less than 30% 17,766 56% 12,311 42% 49% c Overpaying Households _ 30%to 49% 7,039 22% 7,364 25% 24% o 50%or more 6,860 22% 9,625 33% 27% N Source:2010 CHAS. Y c While some households may choose to pay over 30% of their income for various reasons, such as tax advantages or because they desire a specific w a� neighborhood or school district, many overpaying households are forced c to pay a large percentage of their income either because they cannot afford c anything less, or they are limited due to a lack of available low-cost = housing options. Unexpected circumstances (such as loss of income or °c employment, or an emergency medical expense) may put these households at imminent threat of becoming homeless. m Units in Need of Rehabilitation and Replacement N T 0 A housing conditions survey of neighborhoods developed prior to the mid- 1980s was performed in 1999 to identify areas in need of rehabilitation. a Y Since then many neighborhoods have experienced declines due to the aging of the housing stock, inability of residents to afford maintenance, w absentee landlords deferring maintenance, and improperly managed foreclosed properties. The 1999 Housing Condition Survey estimated that 15% of the City's multi-family properties (approximately 3,000)were in poor condition or in need of replacement. Additionally, approximately Y 11,000 units or 29% of single family blocks (particularly in the older a neighborhoods) were in poor condition or in need of replacement. The City's housing stock continued to decline despite several grant and assistance programs intended to improve housing conditions and neighborhood aesthetics. Predatory lending practices and unemployment City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-47 Packet Pg.21'1 0 rendered thousands of San Bernardino households unable to afford their mortgage payments. The single-family housing stock suffered greatly from deferred maintenance, abandonment, and foreclosure. The multifamily housing stock continued to deteriorate due to inadequate property management. In 2009,the City estimated that approximately 15,000 units were in need of substantial rehabilitation or replacement. a These dilapidated units represented 23%of the City's housing stock. D Approximately 12 of the 23%were multifamily units. The balance (10%) represents single-family homes,including duplexes,triplexes, and E fourplexes, due to the low density nature of older development in San w Bernardino. The City further estimated that 30%or about 4,500 units (of c the 15,000 total)were in need of replacement. The majority of o replacement need is in the City's aging fourplex stock. With the = depressed market conditions,loss of redevelopment funds, and severe cuts o in federal funds,much of the City's housing stock requiring substantial Na) rehabilitation continues to experience deferred maintenance. CD As of September 2013,438 properties in San Bernardino were undergoing E the foreclosure process, according to Foreclosure Radar. These properties w total over 1,000 housing units. Specifically, 163 units were being S ! auctioned, 52 properties were bank-owned, and 223 properties were in o pre-foreclosure sale (short-sale). _ The City is using federal HOME funds for the acquisition and R rehabilitation of foreclosed properties (Program 3.2.1) and the rehabilitation of single-family housing (Program 3.2.4). Neighborhood m Stabilization Program(NSP)was a significant source of funding for the N City in addressing foreclosure issues. However,NSP is expiring with no N new legislation to provide additional funding. HOME Community Housing Development Organization(CHDO) funds may be used to N acquire and rehabilitate substandard multi-family rental housing in the a City (Program 3.2.8). However, given the limited funding, the number of w housing units that can be rehabilitated is limited. X Additionally,the Housing Authority of the County of San Bernardino (HACSB) is undertaking a revitalization effort at the federally subsidized E Waterman Gardens. The HACSB is beginning the process of revitalizing and transforming this housing development on the key San Bernardino Q intersection of Waterman Avenue and Baseline Street to provide mixed- income housing, community services, and commercial/retail opportunities. The goal of the project is to create a sustainable neighborhood that includes a variety of housing types in small community clusters that are knit into the fabric of the surrounding community. The new site design j will increase the housing count to approximately 400 units, ranging from c 3-48 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.212 3. Housing affordable to market rate family units, as well as designated units for seniors. Preservation of At-Risk Housing State housing element law requires localities to identify multifamily rental $ housing projects that are assisted through various local, state, and federal resources. Affordable multifamily housing is a critical asset for meeting d the needs of lower-income households, including extremely low-income households and special needs households. W, _ N The housing element must establish a preservation plan for units eligible c to convert to market rate prices within ten years of the beginning of the planning period(through October 15, 2023). Assisted units may convert to c market rate for several reasons: expiring subsidies, mortgage prepayments, N or expiration of affordability restrictions. d E As of September 2013, there were 2,205 multi-family rental units in San w Bernardino that were formally restricted for lower-income households (see Table H-24). Many of these projects are assisted with project-based Section 8 contracts that are due to expire within the 10-year timeframe of i the at-risk housing analysis. A total of 1,627 units are considered at risk c of converting to market-rate housing due to expiration of subsidy L contracts. L W co II�^ T N i d' r ! O N Q r K W _ d E ID t V is Q City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-49 Packet Pg.273 r r9 Table H-24 Assisted ousing Projects in San Bernardino Project Name and Assisted Total Earliest Date of Address Units Units Funding Expiration Pioneer Park Plaza Section 8/ 160 161 6/30/2013 Q- 540 N. "F"Street RDA L/M San Bernardino Senior Section 202/ c 1530 W.Baseline Street 74 74 PRAC 9/15/2013 E TELACU I Sierra Vista Section 650 W 6th Street 74 74 11/30/2013 w 202/PRAC a� TELACU II Monte Vista Section = 74 75 11/30/2013 �n 772-776 4th Street 202/PRAC o TELACU III Buena Vista 74 75 Section 10/31/2013 = 365 E Commercial 202/PRAC TELACU V Section ° 74 75 12/31/2013 ° SWC 4th and G Street 202/PRAC AHEPA 302 Apartments Section Gilbert Street and Parkside 90 90 202/PRAC 12/31/2013 m Arrowhead Vista d Section 202/ W Apartments 40 40 3/25/2014 24317 East 41h Street Section 8 = Beautiful Li ht Inn Section 202/ 1365 N.Waterman Avenue 100 100 Section 8 2/24/2014 Foothill Villas 239 239 PD/Section 8 2/28/2014 2631 West Second Street 5 Sterling Village HFDA/ 7630 Sterling Avenue 80 80 Section 8 4/28/2014 L Meadowbrook Park& m Tower Apartments 210 306 LMSA 6/30/2014 c 191 West 2°d Street in St.Bernardine Plaza Section 202/ N 550 W. 5th Street 148 150 Section 8 3/22/2016 Little Zion Manor 125 125 HFDA/ 6/30/2016 2000 Jubilee Ct. Section 8 Village Green Apartments 65 184 LMSA 3/31/2018 Q 2122 West Chestnut Street _ Lutheran Senior 49 50 Bond/HOME 2040 s 2355 N.Osborn Road W Waterman Gardens In perpetuity 1738 W.Ninth Street Various\ (In process of 242 256 HACSB redevelopment to mixed-income w housing) Q Medical Center Various\ 924 Wilson Street 287 296 HACSB In perpetuity Total Units 2,205 2,450 -- -- 1 Source:City of San Bernardino,2013 3-50 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.214 3. Housing 1. Preservation Options Preservation of these at-risk units generally can be achieved by having the owner restructure the mortgage financing and/or through the provision of rental assistance to tenants and/or using funding sources other than Section a 8 contracts. c d Typically, transferring the at-risk projects to nonprofit ownership would ensure the long-term affordability of the units. However, this option may w not work well in San Bernardino since most of the at-risk projects are ! �' already owned by nonprofit housing providers, and they may not have the wherewithal to take on another property. The applicable options for these _ projects are to restructure financing in such a way that rent subsidies would no longer be needed, and/or to substitute the expiring Section 8 assistance with rent subsidies from other funding sources. d a. Restructuring Financing E W Restructuring the mortgage financing of a subsidized project can eliminate j c or reduce the need to provide ongoing subsidies. The Multifamily I o Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 addresses x expiring Section 8 contracts. This act provides authority to HUD to °c operate a program to reduce over-subsidized Section 8 contracts, I restructure project financing, and provide funds for rehabilitation needs. Under this program, owners are given favorable tax treatment provided m that they preserve units at rents affordable to very low-income households. At-risk projects in San Bernardino may be eligible to participate in the HUD-funded Mark-to-Market program which offers tax incentives for the financial restructure of the projects to reduce Section 8 subsidies required. N Furthermore, as most projects are nonprofit-owned housing for seniors, renewal of Section 8 subsidies is given a priority by HUD. a b. Rent Subsidies w i Based on Fair Market Rents established by HUD and the affordable housing rent by very low-income households as previously shown in Table H-15,the monthly rent subsidies required for the 1,627 units are estimated r at$772,639 or annual subsidies of$9.3 million. Funding at this level may ! Q be difficult to obtain. I I I i ! City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-51 Packet Pg.215 EMENOMLI a Table H-25 Rent Subsidies Required Unit Fair Number Household Affordable Monthly Total Size/Househol Market Annual Housing per Unit Monthly ,4) d Size of Units Rent Income Cost Subsidy Subsidy a Very Low Income(50%AMI) 0 Bedroom/ 10 $763 $23,450 $459 $304 $3,040 1-Person HH 1 Bedroom/ 2-Person HH 1,171 $879 $26,800 $505 $374 $437,954 w a� 2 Bedroom/ 289 $1,161 $30,150 $548 $613 $177,157 3-Person HH o 4 Person H 157 $1,577 $33,500 $593 $984 $154,488 0 Total Monthly $772,639 N Total Annual 1,627 m Subsidy $9,271,668 E m Source:Veronica Tam and Associates,2013. I Notes: S 1. Fair Market Rent(FMR)is determined by HUD.These calculations use the 2013 HUD FMR for San Bernardino County. _ 2. Rents are restricted to 50%AMI in these buildings,which puts residents in the Very Low Income C Category,set by the California Department of Housing and Community Development(HCD). c 3. The affordable housing cost is calculated based on 30%of the AMI,minus utilities for rentals. a 4. The monthly subsidy covers the gap between the FMR and the affordable housing cost c L d 2. New Affordable Multifamily Construction m An indicator of construction costs is Building Valuation Data compiled by N the International Code Council (ICC). The unit costs compiled by the ICC It include structural, electrical, plumbing, and mechanical work, in addition N to interior finish and normal site preparation. The data is national and does a not take into account regional differences, and does not include the price of the land upon which the building is built. The national average for x development costs per square foot for apartments and single-family homes w in February 2013 ranged from$130 to $146 per square foot. At$146 per square foot, the replacement construction costs for 1,627 units are { estimated at over$202 million, not including land costs. w Q I i Ii I 3-52 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.2116 3. Housing Table H-26 Estimated Construction Costs (A) FEstimated C) (D Estimated CL Unit Size n Gross Estima ted Total Unit Size Building Gross Building I. d Units (sq.ft.) Size Costs E W 0 Bedroom 10 500 6,000 $876,000 1 Bedroom 1,171 650 913,380 $133,353,480 o x 2 Bedroom 289 800 277,440 $40,506,240 j 0 3 Bedroom 157 1,000 188,400 $27,506,400 1 c d Total 1,627 1,385,220 $202,242,120 i E w Average Per Unit Cost: $124,304 = Note:Unit size is inflated by 20%to account for hallways and common areas. o x 3. Resources for Preservation L Several federal, State, and local programs are available for acquisition, j W subsidy, or construction of new affordable multifamily rental units. The m most common financial resources are Community Development Block in Grants (CDBG), HOME Investment Partnership funds (HOME), and Low N Income Housing Tax Credits. � o N The Department of Housing and Community Development maintains a i database of qualified entities interested in acquiring and managing a affordable housing. Qualifying entities then have the opportunity to make t an offer and preserve the project's affordability. To qualify, several '; x criteria must be met, including being able to manage the facility; maintain affordability for no less than 30 years (or the remaining term of assistance);preserve the occupancy profile and maintain the level of affordability; and renew subsidies if available. Qualifying entities for San M Bernardino County include,but are not limited to: I i ♦ Los Angeles Center for Affordable Tenant Housing ♦ Abbey Road Inc. ♦ BUILD Leadership Development Inc. j ♦ Century Housing Corporation City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-53 ., Packet Pg.217 cm ♦ Century Pacific Equity Corporation ♦ Coachella Valley Housing Coalition 1 ♦ Coalition for Economic Survival ♦ Community Partnership Dev. Corp ♦ CSI Support& Development Services ♦ DML &Associates Foundation a ♦ Foundation for Quality Housing Opportunities, Inc. D ♦ Housing Corporation of America ♦ Irvine Housing Opportunities E ♦ Jamboree Housing Corporation W ♦ Keller& Company c ♦ Los Angeles Housing Partnership, Inc. ♦ Los Angeles Low Income Housing Corp. (LALIH) _ ♦ Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire, Inc. ♦ Nexus for Affordable Housing N ♦ Orange Housing Development Corporation ♦ Poker Flats LLC d ♦ ROEM Development Corporation ♦ San Diego County SER-Jobs for Progress, Inc. w ♦ Shelter For The Homeless i ♦ Southern California Housing Development Corp o ♦ Southern California Presbyterian Homes = ♦ The East Los Angeles Community Union(TELACU) L F L 2014-2021 RHNA m State housing element law requires that each city analyze its existing and projected housing needs for all income levels. This analysis must include a locality's fair share of the regional need. The distribution of regional need is prepared by SCAG in its Regional Housing Needs Assessment a (RHNA). The current RHNA was prepared in 2012 and is shown in Table H-27 for the City of San Bernardino. x W j Table H-27 City of San Bernardino RHNA 2014-2021 E Amount Very Low Low Moderate Above Mod. Total w r Number 980 696 808 1,900 4,384 Q Percent 22% 16% 19% 43% 100% Source:SCAG 2012. In addition, state housing law requires that each city develop a program of actions designed to meet its regional need. It is projected that during the i 3-54 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 218 3. Housing 2014-2021 RHNA planning period,the City will need to provide the regulatory framework to accommodate 4,384 new dwelling units. The City's regional need is distributed by income level,very low (up to 50% of the Area Median Income, low (between 50 to 80%AMI), moderate income (80 to 120%AMI), and above moderate (120% or more of the j AMI). State housing law directs each jurisdiction to consider one-half of a its R14NA for very low-income households to be extremely low-income, which translates to 490 extremely low-income units. Extremely low- income households earn no more than 30% of the Area Median income E and face the most significant challenges to affording adequate housing. w _c N 7 O 1 � ! O O i( Y C E i W i •� O I = O C L L M4) W I = i R T N r O N i a i !r I X W i r C d E t v R r a i i i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-55 1 This page intentionally left blank. d CL r as E d w O r 0 a� N _ d E _d W _ .y 7 O 2 O _ L _ L Md W _ N r N d' r O N Q .G X W r _ N E 0 t V O y.+ Q 3-56 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.220 6:A.b 3. Housing LAND RESOURCES This section summarizes the land, financial, and administrative resources available for the rehabilitation, preservation, and focused development of housing in San Bernardino. The analysis provided includes an evaluation of the availability of land resources for future housing development to respond to future housing needs. as E San Bernardino offers a wide range of lifestyles,with large-lot housing w near the National Forest, lower- and medium-density housing throughout the suburban landscape, and higher-density and mixed-use housing options in the downtown. The future housing strategies seek to continue _ offering a variety of housing options. This includes highly amenitized single family housing for young professionals and families, lower- and medium-density single and multifamily workforce housing options, and higher-density transit-oriented and mixed-use housing for young professionals and others seeking a more active living environment. E w The transit network in San Bernardino provides people with excellent local and regional access. Local and regional bus service is provided by N Omnitrans,the regional public transit operator for San Bernardino County. _ Omnitrans operates 27 local fixed routes, 13 of which serve the San °c Bernardino Planning Area. The Southern California Regional Rail ! T Authority(Metrolink)provides express rail service between San c Bernardino and Los Angeles. Intercity bus service is provided to CO downtown San Bernardino by Greyhound. i CO N Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) � o N A core component of the Housing Element is the Regional Housing Needs Assessment(RHNA). The RHNA, developed through a process directed a by HCD and SCAG,represents the number of housing units—divided into various household income categories—that have been calculated to w represent San Bernardino's "fair share" of the regional housing need during the Housing Element planning period(2014-2021). By law, the City is required to show in the Housing Element that adequate sites are available to accommodate the construction of new housing units consistent with the RHNA. Recognizing that development is often constrained by the Q market, environment, and other factors, housing element law requires that the City do its part to facilitate housing construction by designating and zoning land for residential use at appropriate densities, and by eliminating impediments to housing development. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-57 r Packet Pg: MMMMMMLI 110 San Bernardino's RHNA for the 2014-2021 planning period has been determined by SCAG to be 4,384 housing units, including 980 units for very low-income households,' 696 units for low-income households, 808 units for moderate-income households, and 1,900 units for above moderate-income households. r a Sites Inventory E The City has ample residential development opportunities with sufficient 2 capacity to meet the identified housing need, as illustrated in Table H-30 �, and Figure H-7. The opportunity sites listed in this Housing Element N consist predominantly of vacant residential sites; mixed-use sites located o in the Downtown core and in or near the Transit Overlay District (TD) zone are also identified. Together, these vacant and underutilized sites CD ensure that adequate sites in excess of the RHNA are available. There are no significant identified constraints on these sites that would prevent development or reuse during the Housing Element period. a� W The basis of the sites inventory is a GIS survey of vacant residential and mixed-use sites. An evaluation removed any vacant sites with environmental, physical, or regulatory constraints. All of the included sites x° are in areas readily served by utilities and are free from known significant C environmental constraints. Parcels unable to meet minimum lot size requirements were also removed from the inventory. L d 1. Sites Inventory Considerations m a. Realistic Capacity N Consistent with HCD Guidelines, the methodology for determining N realistic capacity on each identified site must account for land use controls Q in place and required site improvements. Realistic capacity for each site was calculated conservatively (80% of maximum density), with the x exception of sites where senior housing is also permitted at higher W densities; in this case,the assumption has been adjusted upwards slightly but still below the maximum permitted density for non-senior housing. On E sites where mixed-use development with a residential component is a Pursuant to AB 2634,local jurisdictions are also required to project the housing needs of extremely low-income households(0-30%AMI).In estimating the number of extremely low-income households,a jurisdiction can use 50%of the very low-income allocation or apportion the very low-income figure based on Census data.Therefore,the City's very low-income RHNA of 980 units can be split into 490 extremely low-income and 490 very low-income units. 3-58 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.222 . 3. Housing anticipated, only half the total acreage was used to calculate anticipated units in order to account for the non-residential development component. b. Zoning Appropriate to Accommodate Housing Affordable to Lower-Income Households CL Sites identified to meet the RHNA in the sites inventory are distributed M among the four affordability groups (extremely/very low, low, moderate, and above moderate) in two ways: 1) based on the State-established E d default density or 2)based on estimated housing cost for those specific w types of units. c N 7 State-Established Default Density = The capacity of sites that allow development at densities of at least 30 units per acre are identified to meet the lower-income RHNA, consistent with State law. The California Government Code states that if a local government has adopted density standards consistent with the population- based criteria set by State law (at least 30 units per acre for San d Bernardino), HCD is obligated to accept sites with those density standards W (30 units per acre or higher) as appropriate for accommodating the jurisdiction's share of regional housing need for lower-income c households. As such, per Government Code Section 65583.2(c)(3)(B), the _ City's Residential High zone (which permits residential development at 31 °c units per acre and senior housing at 47 units per acre) and the Commercial Regional-Downtown(CR-2) zone (where mixed-use development is permitted at 47 units per acre and senior housing at 130 units per acre) are m consistent with the default density standard for metropolitan jurisdictions such as San Bernardino; therefore,these land use categories accommodate T housing for lower-income households. i o N Affordability Based on Estimated Housing Cost Q Given the ample availability of vacant land for residential development 1 and that land values and construction costs in San Bernardino and the surrounding area are substantially lower than in other areas, such as Los w Angeles and Orange Counties,to which the 30 units per acre default density also applies, the assumption that density ranges less than 30 units per acre can facilitate development of housing for lower-income households represents a realistic and reasonable assumption. The a relatively lower land values in San Bernardino as compared to the region have yielded lower-priced housing, often affordable to low- and moderate- income households, at densities below 30 units per acre. As described in the discussion on Housing Characteristics of the Community Profile, the average home sales price was approximately City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-59 Pack6lt Pg.223 6.A.b III X111 I!0 $156,500, and the average rent for a one-bedroom unit was approximately $650 per month. In comparison,the maximum affordable sales price for a low-income family of four in 2013 was $181,533, and the maximum affordable rent for a low-income couple was $908 per month. The existing housing stock appears to be affordable for lower-income households based on State income limits and affordability thresholds. $ Based on this information, sites identified in zones allowing multi-family i housing at a density of at least 24 units per acre (this density would E a� I facilitate multi-family dwellings, including apartments and w condominiums) are considered appropriate to accommodate housing c { affordable to lower-income households. As such,the City's Residential o Medium High(maximum density of 24 units per acre/36 units per acre for z senior housing) zone is considered appropriate to accommodate housing c for very low- and low-income households. The Residential Medium zone N (maximum density of 12 units per acre/18 units per acre for senior , i housing) is considered appropriate to accommodate housing for moderate- i income households. Housing at this density may be in the form of small I. lot single-family homes, courtyard housing, and walk-up townhomes. The w adoption of alternatives to the"default densities" strategy of calculating I units to accommodate the RHNA is allowed by State law under California o Code Section 65583.2(c)(3)(A). _ 0 C 2. Vacant Residential Land L The primary resource for accommodating the 2014-2021 RHNA is m residentially zoned vacant land. Only vacant residential parcels that meet cn the minimum lot size requirements were considered for inclusion in the N sites inventory, as these sites hold the highest potential for development within the planning period. In total, there are approximately 4,100 acres N (about 1,070 parcels) of vacant land that could support new residential Q development in the City of San Bernardino. As shown in Table H-28, .� available vacant land could support approximately 12,918 units,with the majority of land located in the northern, less urbanized area of the City. w The southern,more urbanized area of the City, including the downtown area, is denser and could support a large amount of multifamily housing. A site-specific inventory is provided in Appendix A. w j Q 3-60 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 224 M L11 Co Co € a A I v -N +.+ UR E tLl 2 i�. c ' 01Rof - CL CISm ' i•, A - i; o 'c V! p 3 1 r •-� O C w a _ A ch L W251 C T w • _ e� rte..'"• WE �' Packet Pg.225' 6.A.b 0 N i N O O O O .O �a ca c m a� R m -a c a M C/) c o d E U w a� S N 3 O 2 r O a) N w C d E _d W 01 C .y O O 2 O C cL6 � C m N ti� r O r N � Q w b4 �_ O � W h � N E t v .r a '— N CO Packet Pg. 226 6.A.b 3. Housing C; I Table H-28 Summary of Residential Capacity on Vacant Residential Sites Max. Realistic Density Capacity Affordability ! °�' Zoning per Acre Acres (units) Level j Above Residential Estate(RE) 1 490.2 392 Moderate 1 a� Residential Low(and Low 3.5)(RL) 3.1 or 3.5 2,735.2 6,844 Above m Moderate w j Residential Suburban(RS) 4.5 525.2 1,922 Above i Moderate y Above Residential Urban(RU) 8112 sr. 142.8 1,134 Moderate i 0 Residential Medium(RM) 12118 sr. 178.2 1,963 Moderate c Residential Medium High(RMH) 24 136 sr. 23.5 513 Very Low/Low i N Residential High(RH) 31147 sr. 5.5 150 Very Low/Low 1 (D TOTAL 1 4,100 12,918 1_ _a) Notes: i W 1.For maximum density,the first number shown in the column indicates the maximum density for housing that is not age-restricted.The second number shown indicates the maximum density for housing N restricted to senior households. 3 O 2.Realistic capacity is calculated on an assumption of approximately 80%of the maximum density for all _ zones,with the exception of zones where senior housing is also permitted at higher densities,in which O case the assumption is adjusted upwards slightly increased b 1.4 to 2.2 units per acre,depending on the P J P g Y(� Y P P g zone,but never exceeding the maximum allowable density for regular residential in that zone). 3.Only vacant residential parcels that meet the minimum lot size requirements are included in the sites inventory. m c 3 B ,the City's Residential High Density zone is consistent m 4.Per Government Code Section 65583.2 ( )( )( ) tY' ty g � c with the default density standard(30 units per acre)for metropolitan jurisdictions such as San Bernardino R and therefore considered appropriate to accommodate housing for lower-income households.As r alternative default densities are allowed by California Code Section 65583.2(c)(3)(A),the City's Residential Medium High Density zone is considered appropriate to accommodate housing for very j T low/low-income households and the Residential Medium Density zone is considered appropriate to N accommodate housing for moderate-income households. ' I Q Y_ K tL i E S R t+ r.+ Q City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-63 Packet Pg 227 3. Vacant and Underutilized Mixed-Use Land In San Bernardino, several commercial zones offer residential development opportunities in a higher-density, mixed-use environment. a; I Although there are ample opportunities for development of mixed-use Q. i projects on vacant commercial parcels throughout the City, for the purpose D r j of this Housing Element, only sites with the highest potential for d development have been identified. All mixed-use sites identified have a j Commercial General Plan designation and are located in the Commercial w Regional-Downtown (CR-2) zone. This zone is applicable to the City's N downtown core and permits high densities for residential development; o non-senior housing is permitted at densities of 47 units per acre, and x senior housing may achieve densities of up to 130 units per acre. In c conformity with Section 65583.2(c)(3)(B) of the California Government N Code, sites zoned CR-2 allow at least 30 units per acre and are therefore considered to have the capacity to accommodate lower-income housing. E To further target commercial properties with the highest potential for d redevelopment, only parcels that measure 20,000 square feet or more w alone or combined with adjacent, contiguous parcels are included in the S inventory. c i = a. Downtown Core and Transit Oriented Development L As envisioned in the General Plan and other City policy documents, certain areas of the community have the market potential to provide new, m ! transit-served, infill housing during the planning period. These areas co I include the Downtown Core,transit-oriented development overlay areas N along the sbX routes and surrounding future sbX stations, and the City's Corridor Strategic Areas. The mixed-use sites identified are all located in c°v the Downtown core. Most are within the Court/E Street TD overlay zone, a and all are located less than 0.5 miles west or east of the E Street Corridor Strategic Area. E Street is a significant centrally located north—south roadway that goes through Downtown. w The Downtown Core of the City stretches from 9`h Street on the north to Mill and Rialto Streets on the south, from Interstate 215 on the west, to j Waterman Avenue on the east. The Downtown plays a pivotal role in the a j City. It is the symbolic center, as well as the social and economic heart of San Bernardino. The General Plan encourages and promotes downtown revitalization by seeking and facilitating mixed-use projects. i sbX is a rapid speed, innovative bus rapid transit(BRT) service to link communities throughout the San Bernardino Valley and to provide an 3-64 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.228 6.A.b 3. Housing efficient and cost-effective rapid transit option for travelers. The route runs along E Street, and two transit stations along this route are planned for Downtown San Bernardino. The sbX Project is intended to provide improved transit service and amenities for a large number of existing transit riders. Over the past decade,the City of San Bernardino and its partners have made consistent progress in establishing the foundation for j a expanded transit and transit-oriented development(TOD) opportunities. D The City's approach has been comprehensive and well integrated with the local land use context and transit systems,with numerous studies and 0 plans on expanding local and regional bus,BRT, light rail, and Metrolink w facilities. While the planning and design of the transit facilities are largely the responsibility of Omnitrans and the San Bernardino Association of o Governments (SANBAG), the City is responsible for establishing = complementary land use and regulatory plans for the station areas and surrounding neighborhoods. The City of San Bernardino has established a i N regulatory framework for TOD in the form of an overlay zone to Y incentivize and facilitate development around the forthcoming sbX stations. The regulations are accompanied by a set of development standards and design guidelines that are flexible enough to allow property owners and developers to express their vision while maintaining a N consistency in urban form to encourage an attractive multi-modal o atmosphere. The regulations also provide incentives for intensification of _ uses such as reduced on-site parking requirements that encourage the use I of the E Street transit corridor. I i a� b. Vacant Downtown Mixed-Use Sites 00 in Eleven vacant mixed-use sites are included in the sites inventory. Chosen N for their size and location in the Downtown Core,near the E Street Corridor and in or in close proximity to the City's TD overlay,these N vacant sites have a very high potential of redevelopment. Summarized in Q Table H-29,the 11 sites have the combined capacity for 200 units at densities appropriate to encourage and facilitate lower-income housing. I X These sites are located in an area with many large parcels that are w marginalized or underused. While only vacant parcels are identified in this inventory,the sites have the potential to increase significantly in size by consolidated lots with adjacent underutilized parcels. Y C. Underutilized Land i The City did not conduct a comprehensive analysis of underutilized parcels available for redevelopment potential because of the availability of vacant land for immediate residential development. However,there are opportunities throughout the City, and the goals, objectives,policies, and I City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-65 Packet Pg. 229 I y programs reflect the City's commitment to redevelopment potential, as well as new development. The General Plan Land Use Element highlights the deteriorating condition of certain underperforming areas of the community. There is a ; considerable amount of underutilized properties with marginal uses with a great potential for reinvestment and revitalization. Several policies encourage the intensification and rehabilitation of existing developments to become safe, attractive, and productive sites. W Certain areas of the community have the market potential to provide new c I infill housing during the planning period, including the Downtown Core, transit oriented development along the proposed sbX routes, and major X corridors. c a� N I d. Carousel Mall Mixed-Use Site w c d One significant underutilized site is included in the mixed-use inventory: 0 the Carousel Mall Site. The largest mixed-use site in the inventory,the existing Carousel Mall is located at the southwest corner of E and 4 th Streets, one block east of I-215 and one block west of San Bernardino City o Hall. The Carousel Mall sites on a 44-acre site and is a prime target for = reinvestment and redevelopment. An sbX park-and-ride transit station is I under construction on the east side of the mall and a second station is being constructed one block south. Both stations and the sbX passenger service are slated to open in early 2014. Access to urban amenities, m proximity to three major freeways, and potential for transportation in infrastructure improvements in expected to serve as catalysts for higher N density residential, mixed-use, and transit-oriented development. 0 N EOpened in the 1970s, the mall was anchored by Montgomery Ward, JC Penney, and Harris Department Stores. In decline since the 1980s due to Q i increasing competition from nearby regional shopping centers,the Carousel Mall is a mainly empty shopping facility with a few"mom and w pop-type" shops; a portion of the Center is used for county government I and school district offices. In addition to the mall buildings,the site E includes 30 acres of surface parking lots, all of which are owned by the City. r I a The Carousel Mall property has the potential to yield an estimated 885 units. Previous proposals have included approximately 750 units at lower densities. These proposals were prior to the establishment of the TD overlay and sbX transit route and stations. Approximately half of the 44 acres are expected to be developed for residential or mixed use. This site I i 3-66 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.230 6.A.b 3. Housing would permit residential development at maximum densities of 47 units per acre (130 units per acre for senior housing). These densities are considered appropriate to encourage and facilitate lower-income housing. As a conservative estimate, only 22 of the total acres were used to calculate anticipated housing units, and that total was further reduced by 20% to allow for any unanticipated site constraints or market preferences. I Q. c m w as c N 7 O � O a) VV Court St, i i c G d W ' Cl O VJ 2nd St O E M En W Bungalow Ct 6Z Z C L M� W The existing retail use and structures do not pose a known environmental N hazard to future residents. No natural constraints such as liquefaction risk, N proximity to active faults, or hillsides affect development potential. The entire Carousel Mall site is considered underutilized and available for N redevelopment. i a X W c a� I E i M a i i i I City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-67 Packet Pg.231 r Table H-29 Summary of Residential Capacity on Mixed-Use Sites Realistic Site/Current Max. Capacity Affordability Use Zonin Densi Acres Parcels (units) Level Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very 1/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1.48 8 29 Low/Low Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very E 2/Vacant CR-2 sr. 0.67 5 15 Low/Low w Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very 3/Vacant CR-2 sr. 0.56 4 11 Low/Low N Mixed-Use Site 471 130 Very c 4/Vacant CR-2 sr. 0.54 2 11 Low/Low x Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very I 5/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1.01 1 20 Low/Low o w 1 Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very 6/Vacant CR-2 sr. 0.69 2 14 Low/Low Mixed-Use Site 47 1 130 Very °' 7/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1.07 5 21 Low/Low aEi Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very as 8/Vacant CR-2 sr. 0.77 1 15 Low/Low c j Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very 9/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1.27 5 25 Low/Low o Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very o 10/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1.30 6 25 Low/Low Mixed-Use Site 471130 Very 11/Vacant CR-2 sr. 1 0,71 1 14 Low/Low L i Carousel Mall m j Mixed-Use 471130 Very Site/Underutilized CR-2 sr. 44.23 38 885 Low/Low t) Very N Total 54.29 1,085 Low/Low d 0 Notes: N 1. For maximum density,the first number shown in the column indicates the maximum density for Q i housing that is not age-restricted.The second number shown indicates the maximum density for i housing restricted to senior households. 2. Realistic capacity is calculated on an assumption of approximately 80%of the maximum density K for all zones,with the exception of zones where senior housing is also permitted at higher W densities,in which case the assumption is adjusted upwards slightly(increased by 2.4 units per acre—to 40 units per acre—given the high density permitted for senior housing). at 3. Only sites with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet(0.46 acres)are included in the sites inventory. i 4. Per Government Code Section 65583.2(c)(3)(B),the City's Commercial Regional-Downtown Q (CR-2)zone is consistent with the default density standard(30 units per acre)for metropolitan jurisdictions such as San Bernardino and therefore considered appropriate to accommodate housing for lower-income households. i I 3-68 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.232 3. Housing e. Realistic Capacity Summary Consistent with HCD Guidelines, the methodology for determining realistic capacity on each identified site accounts for land-use controls and site improvements. Stand-alone multi-family residential development is permitted on identified sites; there is no requirement that a commercial Q component be included. There are no zoning controls in place that would M reduce development capacity below allowed maximums. As such, 80 percent of maximum capacity is assumed to be a conservative estimate.2 W Additional reductions were made for the Carousel Mall site (only half of W the land area was assumed to redevelop, at 80 percent of maximum c capacity) to accommodate forthcoming park-and-ride transit station and to ! o provide a conservative estimate, given existing uses on site. _ [ o In addition to sites identified, a multitude of other underutilized sites exist ?; in San Bernardino where more commercial and/or residential development could occur. The sites identified were those that are vacant, and therefore W most ripe for redevelopment, and one site where developer interest in new d housing has been articulated. As such, each site's identified realistic j capacity reflects conservative projections related to future development. i 3 0 Incentives are available through the TD Overlay to encourage residential o development and include: __ L M • Reduced parking standards, requiring only one space per unit plus guest parking; 00 c • No minimum lot size; • No maximum lot coverage limit; C, • Height limit of 100 feet or 7 stories; and • Potential height bonus may be allowed where additional amenities N are provided. j a :o In addition, as identified in the Housing Strategy, Housing Element x implementation programs are in place to help realize existing General Plan W policy and provide additional incentives for development along corridors in Downtown, including these identified sites (see Program 3.1.1 through = Program 3.1.6). CU Q i z Realistic capacity also conservatively assumes a standard multi-family development would occur(with a maximum density of 47 units per acre).However,if senior housing i is proposed,densities can substantially surpass this assumption and reach 130 units per j acre. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-69 Packet Pg.233 C" (1) Market Feasibility and Development Trends As envisioned in the General Plan, Downtown mixed-use sites included in this inventory have the market potential to provide new, transit-served, infill housing. CL Downtown San Bernardino is in need of revitalization, and to best encourage investment, the City has established flexible standards that permit both commercial and residential development. Commercial E investment is not anticipated without an increase in market population, i.e. w an increase in population downtown. As such, to encourage successful non-residential uses, there will also likely need to be a significant residential component in anticipated future redevelopment projects. _ A new development was recently constructed at 9"' Street and N. Lugo C°rnV Avenue (east of Sierra Way) in downtown San Bernardino. This 119-unit senior apartment complex will open its doors in 2014. At a density of 35.8 units per acre, this development indicates that current demand exists for higher density housing in downtown San Bernardino. w a� c The San Bernardino Housing Authority is also embarking on a o redevelopment project in downtown San Bernardino—Waterman Gardens. x This comprehensive development project would demolish existing public °c housing (252 units) and create a mixed-use/income community, including a three-story 74-unit senior housing project, 337 multi-family and condominium units, a community center and recreational center, and in additional multi-purpose buildings. in Other examples of recently constructed high density housing developments can be found in surrounding jurisdictions. For example, the N Ontario Town Square apartments and townhomes, located in downtown Ontario were developed at 40 units per acre. In Redlands, Fern Lodge, a a federally-subsidized Section 8 development dedicated to seniors, contains 61 units at a density of 38 units per acre. In downtown Riverside,there are w multiple examples of higher density housing, including Madison Villa Apartments (20 units at 36 units per acre), Raincross Promenade (141 units at 56 units per acre), TELACU Las Fuentes (75 units at 35 units per acre), and TELACU El Paseo (75 units at 35 units per acre). All these projects were developed at a density that is consistent with the City's a potential density assumption of 37.6 units per acre (80 percent of the allowable density of 47 units per acre). It is anticipated that the new developments in downtown San Bernardino, combined with the sbX transit investments and the flexible development 3-70 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.234 -6.A.b 3. Housing standards afforded by the TD Overlay, will act as catalysts and encourage new housing in this critical area. The sites inventory includes multiple vacant sites in Downtown San Bernardino. These mixed-use sites allow extremely high densities (47 units per acre, with an allowance up to 130 units per acre for senior housing), providing a significant w financial incentive for developers to build residential product. The a Carousel Mall site is prime for redevelopment and has had developer interest to situate a new residential community at this site. Considering that standalone residential is allowed on all sites identified, the current d high vacancy rate in existing commercial buildings (there is not likely to w be much new commercial development until some of the existing c vacancies are absorbed), and precedence of recent and proposed c developments, as well as forthcoming transit, realistic capacity at 80 = percent is a reasonable assumption. It is anticipated that the sites identified can realistically be developed with residential or mixed-use developments N during the planning period. r c d 4. Accommodating the RHNA W a� The primary resource for accommodating the RHNA is the potential for new construction on residentially zoned vacant land. Significant o opportunities are available in the downtown for transit-served residential = and mixed-use development on vacant and one large underutilized site. A detailed analysis was performed to ensure adequate site selection for the L 2014-2021 planning period, as discussed above. CD m Table H-30 N Ca acity to Accommodate the RHNA N Income Category d Extremely/ Above Unit Capacity Very Low Low Moderate Moderate Total Q Vacant Residential Land 663 1,963 10,292 12,918 Vacant Mixed-Use Sites 200 -- -- 200 t Underutilized Mixed-Use 885 885 x ul Site(Carousel Mall) TOTAL 1,748 -- 10,292 14,003 2014-2021 RHNA 1,676 808 1,900 4,384 t Su lus/Shortfall (+/-) +72 1,155 +8,392 9,619 Q The current surplus of vacant, foreclosed housing in San Bernardino has raised questions regarding the City's ability to count these existing units as credits toward the RHNA. While the City is not able to credit these units toward the 2014-2021 RHNA, the existing conditions were considered by SCAG in determining the RHNA. As a result of existing vacant City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-71 Packet N.'235 . foreclosures in the City, the RHNA was reduced by over 2,000 units (referred to as the"vacancy" credit)—from 6,412 to 4,384. In addition, to garner future credits toward the RHNA associated with these foreclosed j units, the City will endeavor to acquire and resell foreclosed homes to income-qualified homeowners (Program 3.2.1). i $ D i E 1 W N 7 CW O I = 0 N c d E f _y W y C f N O O C I � R C d II m i = a co CO N d' iV_ N a x w c E i t ! 3-72 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 236 3. Housing GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOUSING Local governments can affect the supply, distribution, and cost of housing through the administration of development regulations such as land use a controls,building standards, and permitting. The impacts of governmental constraints on residential uses should not outweigh their benefits to the public or unduly prevent housing development, and each city must address local constraints that may impede housing development and rehabilitation w efforts, especially for lower- and moderate-income households and for c persons with special needs (such as the homeless, disabled, and elderly). o Land Use Controls o N The City's policies for residential development are set forth in the Land Use Element of the General Plan. The Land Use Element identifies the location, distribution, and density of land uses throughout the City. The w Development Code implements the General Plan by providing specific development standards for each land use category. o X 1. General Plan Land Use Element o c State law requires every city and county to have a general plan that establishes policy guidelines for future development. The City of San m Bernardino General Plan Land Use Element was updated in 2005 = following an extensive planning and outreach process. cn T N The Land Use Element guides the location,type, and density of development throughout the City. The Land Use Element and Land Use N Map describe locations where single-family residential,multifamily a residential, commercial, industrial, and public/quasi-public uses may occur. The Development Code establishes several commercial zones that x permit residential uses. In particular,the Commercial Regional-Downtown w (CR-2) zone explicitly calls out high-density residential development as an intended use. Residential uses allowed in commercial areas are detailed in the Development Code. a The Land Use Element contains several goals pertaining to housing development and rehabilitation: City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-73 Packet Pg:237 r�o ♦ Preserve and enhance San Bernardino's unique neighborhoods ♦ Enhance the quality of life and economic vitality in San Bernardino by strategic infill of new development and revitalization of existing development ♦ Enhance the aesthetic quality of land uses and structures in San Bernardino CL D 2. Development Code E d The Development Code provides specific direction for the development of w land uses identified in the Land Use Element and on the Zoning Map. The c Development Code regulates development by establishing standards for c each zone, including permitted uses,height, density, lot area,yard x setbacks, and minimum parking spaces. It is an important component of ensuring that housing development occurs where and how the City intends N in its long-range vision, and that is does not adversely impact public health, safety, and welfare. The City periodically evaluates these standards 4) to ensure they are appropriate in light of changes in construction d techniques and housing preferences. The Development Code was most W vM recently revised in December 2012. Overly restrictive zoning can increase housing costs or constrain x development, for example,by requiring unusually large lots or prohibiting °c multifamily housing. Allowing a range of development types encourages residential development that serves various price points and household i a> types. m The Development Code establishes standards for seven residential zones N allowing maximum densities (without a density bonus) from one unit per d acre in the Residential Estate zone to 31 units per acre in the Residential N High zone. Senior housing projects, which generally have smaller units, Q are permitted to exceed maximum densities by up to 50% (achieving between 12 and 47 units per acre) in certain zones. Four commercial zones t permit residential or mixed-use development ranging from 12 units to 47 W units per acre, and senior housing is permitted at up to 130 units per acre with a Conditional Use Permit. The City permits mixed-use residential and commercial development in a the CR-2, CG-2, CG-3, and CG-4 zones subject to a Conditional Use Permit. The Development Code does not provide a maximum density for mixed-use development in the CG-3 or CG-4 zones (current standards default to those in the CG-2 zone). The Development Code will be amended to provide density guidelines for the CG-3 and CG-4 zones, as indicated in Program 3.1.3. This will provide property owners and the 3-74 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.238 3. Housing development community with a better understanding of the residential development potential in these zones. The zones identified in Table H-31 allow a variety of housing types to accommodate a range of owner and rental housing needs. CL Table H-31 Residential Zones m Max. Min. Intended Residential w Zone Density Lot Size Uses .y Single Family Residential 0 Residential Estate(RE) 1 1 ac Single-family detached z estates Single-family detached Residential Low(RL) 3.1 10,800 sf homes on large lots Residential Low-3.5(RL-3.5) 3.5 10,800 sf Single-family detached = homes in a suburban setting E Residential Suburban(RS) 4.5 7,200 sf Single-family detached _0 homes in a suburban setting W a� Multifamily Residential Single-or multifamily 3 fir.. 7,200 sf housing including = Residential Urban(RU) 9 5,200 sf in townhomes,stacked flats, 0 PUD courtyard homes,and :a mobile home parks Multifamily housing Residential Medium(RM) 14 14,400 sf including townhomes, op stacked flats,apartments, _ is and condominiums CO Residential Medium High 24 Apartments and N (RMH 20,000 sf condominiums Residential Medium Hi h/20 20 Apartments and c (RMH/20) g 20,000 sf condominiums N Apartments and Q Residential High(RH) 36 20,000 sf condominiums Q Commercial Residential x Commercial Regional-2(CR-2) 54 1 acre retail, w Vertical residential and office mixed use Source:City of San Bernardino Development Code,2013. E v R Manufactured housing is a more affordable alternative to traditional a housing construction. Advances in building materials and prefabrication techniques make many modular homes indistinguishable from their on- site-built counterparts. Manufactured homes are permitted with a Development Permit in all residential zones except the Residential Student Housing(RSH) overlay zone. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-75 Packet Pg.239 IU j Second units, also referred to as granny or carriage units, are another relatively affordable form of housing. Development Code amendments I adopted in 2012 permit second units by right in all residential zones except the RSH overlay zone. a� .r Two density bonus provisions are included in the Development Code Q allowing: 1) increased density for affordable housing and 2) increases in i density of up to 15% for amenities provisions. However, the provisions for i affordable housing density bonuses are outdated and do not conform to E State density bonus law. As such, and as further described in Program W 3.1.6,the Development Code will be updated to be consistent with c Government Code Section 65915. c The Development Code establishes permitted uses as well as development standards, including minimum lot area, building height, and setbacks. N Table H-32 shows those uses that are permitted(P), subject to an +, Administrative or Development Permit(D),require a Minor/Conditional Use Permit(C), or prohibited(X) in each zone. Table H-33 shows the d residential development standards in residential and nonresidential zones. w j The zones are abbreviated as follows: _ ♦ RE—Residential Estate ♦ RL—Residential Low ♦ RS—Residential Suburban T I ♦ RU—Residential Urban j ♦ RM—Residential Medium m ♦ RMH—Residential Medium High ♦ RH—Residential High .- ♦ RSH—Residential Student Housing v ♦ CO—Commercial Office N ♦ CG-2—Commercial General-2 ' ♦ CR-2—Commercial Regional-Downtown Q i w as E I t a ! i ! 3-76 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.240 ti 0 N Ch XXUXU X UXU XUXXX w � o � X X U X U X U X U X U X X X a3i d cls +' V °c X X X X X X X X U X X X X X v y txXXXX X XXX XXXUX C 3 O a� • � b a CaUCaX Q L1a Ca mXXXZ N o a aQi b � o a p U � y a, pUC� X Ca � aL1 CaXXXZ j I N Q o N Ca u m x Ca Ca a- m Ca X X X Z ❑ �o O w N > p. mXmx Ca pa Ca CaXCaXQ o0 �' to N Y � Cry vi a' p- CaXMX Q X X CaXXXZ y o aj Cl) O p T- C N 0 Q O N O C o. Ca X Ca X Ca X p• X Ca X X X Z U W p C] XC] X Ca X CaXXXZ _o € 2 N w o m N v i C N Q N .0 'X � ."" d N E is U t. _y 'O V o U,, —2 s c° r VI E°- L a°i CO to CZ U b °� ca a� XCI m Cts E ti v ° :s c p 10 E r-UUw � U �n � v� v� Uv� v� viCF c° ¢ � E- V Packet Pg. 241 No U z i N O z C V pM N p� N M u ° ° N d U N N = 6 a N = O kn ¢ ° n l N .4 z m O a`i O E > N _O W W C:) o o N � 3 ._ k N N o o O i by ° n Ln M v Al N o w e `° N N v •� L C� o v M On N M ° Al o y N L O N N ¢ p W +. M^ o o y V E 8) M N N _ C N O N oo O O �n O O Al N OU 5 o O = C 7 p o o � A � z0 'u '� a! N M ry N •-� N O O O L iC C N L d s o p vj °o n v� Ln kn Q o �n ,n o Q o = oo Cl)•-- Z � � � � 3 ^ � p p p p L oA p N � cG i s0. R •� N � 00 O Nv) i!1 kr) L Q O Vl kn O ¢ p L 0 o O M b N N N 7 C 5 Q �CII w 1=1 o N N o 0 W Q ° N C Ole O, �n NNN x O •B N N U U v a`i p ca ca � V aD Cd C- > 3 W O O b b Y N o o 5 u o Uoc O Ca 'C .., v '� ' k k y X X X X X O y O C Cl cC O CL Ln 00 i Co Packet Pg.242 6.A.b I 3. Housing 0 In 2012,the City established a Transit Overlay District(TD)to implement policies promoting transit-oriented development. The intent of the TD is to allow and encourage a compact mix of uses around transit stations and to encourage infill and redevelopment. This overlay zone includes building form and placement standards Q intended to increase density and intensity of uses around transit stations. D The TD can be applied to both commercial and residential base zones. When applied to a base zone that allows residential uses,the maximum _E permitted density applies. w a� a. Parking Standards o x Parking standards are related to housing types and development intensity, c and are intended to provide adequate and appropriately located parking N facilities. Parking spaces reduce the amount of land available for housing, but are a necessary part of development. Excessive parking requirements can unduly increase the costs associated with housing development. d Parking requirements in San Bernardino are comparable to other Inland Empire jurisdictions and are not considered a constraint to affordable housing development. o x The City revised its Development Code Off-Street Parking Standards in 2011 to reduce studio apartment parking requirements from 1.5 covered L spaces to one covered space per unit. Second units and senior housing benefit from permissive parking requirements. In the case of second units, m only one covered parking space is required per unit. It does not have to be Cn in an enclosed garage and can be located in a side yard setback. Parking N requirements for senior housing are considered on an individual project basis, subject to the conclusions of a parking study. Residential parking N requirements for the City are described in Table H-34. a The City maintains the ability to deviate from these standards and permit fewer off-street parking spaces. Chapter 19.24 of the Municipal Code w explicitly permits reductions in off-street parking through the provision of shared-parking facilities or where public off-street parking is available. Chapter 19.58 identifies minor exceptions that can be granted by the Director of Planning and Building Services, including a 10%reduction in Q on-site parking requirements. Additionally, other policies in the General Plan promote transit-oriented development and the reduction of parking requirements. Policy 2.4.6 of the Land Use Element directs the City to reduce parking requirements for projects within one-half mile of transit ,,*•,, stops. The City's Corridor Improvement Program states that projects within 500 feet of a transit stop could reduce on-site parking by as much City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-79 Packet Pg.243 ri0 as 25%. To implement this policy,the Transit Overlay District reduces jparking requirements. Only one parking space is required for all areas with a residential base zone, with the exception of Residential Suburban(RS), which requires at least two parking spaces per unit. Table H-34 CL Parkin Standards Housing Type Standard d Mobile Homes 2 enclosed garage spaces(may be tandem)and 1 _0 uncovered guest space per unit W tM Multifamily—Studio 1 space per unit E I � 1.5 covered spaces per unit and 1 uncovered guest Multifamily—1-Bedroom = I space per every 5 units 2 covered spaces per unit and I uncovered guest G Multifamily-2-Bedrooms N space per every 5 units Multifamily-3 or More Bedrooms 2.5 covered spaces per unit and 1 uncovered guest d c spa ce for every 5 units Planned Residential Developments 2 enclosed garage spaces per unit and 1 uncovered w off-street guest space for every 5 units 1 covered space for each unit and 1 uncovered guest Senior Apartments space for every 5 units N Senior Congregate Care 0.75 covered space for each unit Single-Family Detached and Attached 2 enclosed garage spaces c One covered space per bedroom,may be in the side 5 Second Unit and setback i One off-street parking space for each bedroom L Student Housing (65%covered),plus 3 uncovered off-street guest pip parking spaces for 100 rooms. c c� Source:City of San Bernardino Municipal Code, 19.24.040,2012. fn N b. Density Bonus o T N I The State of California enacted significant changes to the density bonus law, effective January 1, 2005, and additional amendments were made in 2008. The City's Development Code includes reference to Government w Code Sections 65915-65918, but does not incorporate these new changes. The City's density bonus ordinance section provides for density bonuses E upon provision of certain kinds of amenities in development projects. The Development Code will be amended to be consistent with State density bonus law, as revised(Program 3.1.6). a The City's density bonus provisions allows for a 15% density increase in the RU, RM, RMH, CO, CR-2 zones if findings can be made that a proper combination of amenities in excess of those required by code are provided. j Such amenities may include exemplary architectural features, additional 3-80 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.244 3. Housing on- or off-site mature landscaping, additional useable open space, attached garages, additional recreational facilities, and day care facilities. i C. Second Unit Requirements Second units increase the capacity of a site without changing the character $ of the neighborhood and can provide housing below market prices and M often meet the special population needs of the elderly, disabled, and low- income young persons such as students. Consistent with state law, second E units are permitted in San Bernardino via a ministerial action that does not ! W require a public notice, public hearing, or discretionary approval. A _ second unit is permitted following a building plan check for consistency with development standards. _ I o The Development Code defines a second unit as an accessory residential N unit(maximum size of 1,200 square feet or no more than 30% square footage of the primary dwelling unit) on the same lot as one primary residence.No more than one second unit is permitted on any particular ! a� site. A second unit cannot be constructed on a lot with two existing units. ! W a� Second units are permitted in all residential zones, except the highest density zone, and are subject to the same height and setback requirements j c as the primary unit. One covered parking space, which can be in the side s = yard setback, is required for the second unit. The intent of these regulations is to ensure that secondary units do not adversely impact existing neighborhoods. i m Since January 2008,the City permitted the construction of three second dwelling units using the standards described above. As of August 2013, N asking rents for one-bedroom apartments in San Bernardino were affordable to very low-income two-person households. Using 2013 HUD 1 N income limit assumptions, a low-income one- and two-person household a could readily afford a one-bedroom rental unit such as a second unit. Very low-income one- and two-person households may also be able to afford a second unit in San Bernardino. I w d. Housing for Persons with Disabilities U State law requires that localities analyze the constraints on housing for a persons with disabilities. San Bernardino does not have a formally adopted process by which disabled persons could request reasonable accommodations from zoning, permitting procedures, or building requirements. The City recognizes the importance of reducing governmental barriers to housing for disabled persons and will adopt a Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance to enact a process for disabled j City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-81 ,, r individuals (or those acting on their behalf)to make requests for reasonable accommodation for relief from burdensome land use, zoning, 3 or building laws,rules,policies,practices, and/or procedures (Program 3.4.1). The City will make reasonable accommodation information available at City Hall and on the City's website. M CL The City supports programs and organizations that remove or mitigate constraints to housing for persons with disabilities. For example,to provide services and housing for persons with disabilities,the City E contracts with the Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board(IFHMB). w The IFHMB provides education and counseling regarding landlord/tenant c laws and practices,technical assistance, and mediation and referral o services. _ The City has the enforcement authority for state accessibility laws and N regulations (California Code of Regulations Title 24) when evaluating new construction requests. Americans with Disabilities Act provisions include requirements for a minimum percentage of units in new a, development to be fully accessible to the physically disabled. w j The City periodically reviews its policies and regulations for constraints to 0 fair housing and publishes the results in the Analysis of Impediments (AI) _ to Fair Housing Choice and in the Consolidated Plan. The Al, updated in 0 2010, did not identify any systematic public or private practices indicating that a particular group faces discrimination in finding housing. Housing j discrimination complaints in San Bernardino spanned race, ethnicity, m disability, and family status. This analysis indicates that general in landlord/tenant education is necessary regardless of personal N characteristics or other status. It 0 N j The Al and Consolidated Plan set forth an action plan to increase the 3 availability of affordable housing for all persons, continue to support the a construction of affordable housing for special needs groups such as persons with disabilities, and provide economic opportunities to lower w income residents through education,job skills training, and business development activities. t The Development Code does not expressly provide any development w standards that overburden the development of housing accessible to a disabled persons. In San Bernardino, special residential parking standards i are not required for housing for disabled persons. Furthermore,the City will relax parking standards for senior housing on a case-by-case basis if a parking analysis is performed. Approximately 8% of the City's population jis over age 65, and with age often comes frailty or disabilities such as 3-82 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.246 6.A.b 3. Housing limited mobility or sight. Affordable senior housing is an important resource for the City's disabled population. Since January 1, 2008, 165 affordable senior units have been approved by the City. i The residential development permitting process is another area that may pose potential constraints to special needs housing. Residential care a facilities serving six or fewer clients are permitted by right in all residential zones,with the exception of the student housing overlay. Residential care facilities are also conditionally permitted in the Commercial Office, Commercial General, and Commercial Regional— w Downtown zones. The City of San Bernardino does not have occupancy c standards that apply specifically to unrelated adults. o Another form of housing that can serve lower income persons with I disabilities is Single Room Occupancy(SRO)units. SRO units are N conditionally permitted in the CG-2 and CR-2 zones. The City uses the CUP process to provide oversight of the conversion of an existing use. As d such,the CUP process is not considered to be a constraint to SRO E development. N Disabled persons unable to obtain adequate employment or other o resources may lack a permanent home and require assistance to end the 0 cycle of homelessness. Through the programs and polices contained in the o Housing Element(Program 3.4.4),the City will comply with Senate Bill L 2,which mandates that appropriate sites, zones, and development E W standards are identified for transitional housing and permanent supportive m housing. There are no minimum distance requirements for the siting of j these special need uses. Transitional and permanent supportive housing N will be permitted based on unit type like any other residential use. An Emergency Shelter overlay zone was adopted in December 2010 and N permits shelters serving up to 60 persons nightly without discretionary ' Q review in specific light industrial and commercial areas with access to public transportation. X w Persons with disabilities may also turn to the Rolling Start Center for Independent Living for assistance. Rolling Start, Inc. is an organization E that provides housing information,personal assistant referrals,peer counseling,independent living skills training, and assistive technology Q services to disabled San Bernardino residents. i I i I i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-83 Packet Pg. 247 6.A.b ]r0 3. Building Codes and Enforcement i Building codes and code enforcement activities protect the public's health, safety, and property. Although building codes require a higher level of i construction and maintenance quality that can increase the cost of CL development,their benefits to the public outweigh any cost savings that D could occur through unsound engineering, construction, or inadequate maintenance. E w The City of San Bernardino's building standards include the California c Building,Electrical, Plumbing,Mechanical, and Energy Codes, and o Disabled Access Regulations contained in Title 24 of the California Code s of Regulations. The City also enforces the California Mobile Home Park o Act Regulations contained in Title 25. These standards are necessary for N ensuring public safety. The Building and Safety Division reviews construction plans for compliance with the applicable codes, oversees construction work as it w progresses, and performs final inspections for approval and issuance of a Certification of Occupancy. o The City's Code Enforcement Division inspects existing structures and � responds to public complaints on code violations. The City's Single- Family Rental Property Inspection Program requires that all property L owners and companies that lease single-family homes, duplexes, or m triplexes be annually inspected by Code Enforcement staff. The inspections document the condition of single-family rental housing, N provide opportunities to educate owners and tenants about their 4 responsibilities to the property, identify illegal rental units, and combat N blighted conditions that reduce property values. As a community in which many of the single-family homes have converted to rental housing,this a program and Code Enforcement responses to complaints are part of a major effort by the City to improve neighborhood conditions and reduce w crime. E Once a violation has been identified in a single-family or multifamily unit, the property owner is notified and given the opportunity to bring their a I structures up to code. Some of the most common residential violations include deficient landscaping, litter and debris, and home fagade and roof maintenance. These efforts to ensure that existing housing is up to code are necessary to protect the safety of residents, are standard practices throughout California, and are not considered a constraint to housing development. 3-84 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 248 6.A.b 3. Housing 4. Site Improvements Site improvements are necessary to prepare land for development,ensure adequate access, and connect or construct critical utility infrastructure. As the City's population and employment grows,the development Qcommunity assists in the expansion of services, facilities, and j infrastructure through on- and off-site improvements and payment of impact fees. y The City of San Bernardino may require on-site improvements such as such as grading, street lighting, connections to existing infrastructure, and _ curb cuts through which to enter and exit a project. Common off-site o improvements include curb, gutter,and sidewalk installation in _ undeveloped areas. Infill projects generally require fewer on- and off-site c improvements due to the proximity of existing infrastructure and utilities. N As a condition of approval,the City may require reasonable on- and off- site improvements to serve the project and secure safe and sanitary living conditions. Although site improvements can increase the overall cost of w development,these improvements are necessary and are not considered a constraint to the development of affordable housing. o i = a. Access Many parts of San Bernardino are undeveloped and lack adequate c pedestrian and automobile infrastructure to support new residential m subdivisions. All new residential development is required to provide sidewalk with curbs and gutters and must be served by appropriate j cn roadways consistent with the General Plan Circulation Element and N adopted road development standards. Curb cuts and driveways may also o be necessary for vehicular access. N a The cost of these improvements increases the cost of development,but is necessary to facilitate pedestrian and vehicular access and movement in x the City. i w b. Water, Wastewater, and Storm Drain E Water,wastewater, and drainage improvements can increase the cost of w development through necessary infrastructure development and a connection fees.Utility connection and service fees are established by the San Bernardino Municipal Water Department. I All residential projects must demonstrate the ability to meet water, sewer, and drainage needs in a manner consistent with the San Bernardino Flood City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-85 Packet Pg. 249 C" Control District's comprehensive plan and the Municipal Code. Residential development in the foothills in north San Bernardino may be subject to flood hazards. Storm drain and flood control measures described in the Municipal Code protect residential properties from storm flows. Subdivision developers are responsible for implementing required , improvements for flood control. Although the cost of these improvements increase development costs,they are necessary to protect lives and property. E 5. Permit Processing w The City of San Bernardino's development review process is designed to N accommodate growth without compromising quality. There are four levels o of decision-making bodies in the City that govern the development review process: the Community Development Director,the Development/ Environmental Review Committee (D/ERC),the Planning Commission, N and the City Council. I � The City amended its Development Code in 2012 to make it more user friendly and to minimize confusion for staff and the development community. N 0 The City offers over-the-counter administrative review for residential = 0 development projects of two to four units via an Administrative Permit. 5 Through the Administrative Permit process,projects are evaluated for consistency with the General Plan, Development Code, and Building Code standards. These projects may be reviewed over-the-counter, or concurrent CO with the building plan check process. Typically,the review is approved CO within two to three weeks of being deemed complete. The Administrative N Permit process is also used for tenant improvements and occupancy IT permits that result in an intensification in land use. An Administrative N j permit is not required for alterations to an existing single-family home,nor Q is it required for construction of one single-family home. I � A Development Permit is required for projects between five and 11 units. w The Development Permit is a discretionary permit designed to provide a thorough review of a project's compliance with City codes and design E guidelines. Projects are reviewed by the D/ERC, which is composed of j City staff, within a streamlined process that does not require a public a hearing. i The purpose of the D/ERC is not to review the use,but rather to promote adherence to the City's design guidelines, which are intended to improve the quality, safety, and longevity of housing in San Bernardino. Many design concerns in San Bernardino are related to the quality of 3-86 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.250 6.A.b 3. Housing construction and maintenance of housing,rather than pure aesthetics. The D/ERC reviews residential projects to ensure that they will be habitable for years to come. The D/ERC meets on an as-needed basis and typically approves a Development Permit project within two to four weeks from the date the project is deemed complete. CL A Development Permit,which is acted upon by the Planning Commission, is required for residential projects having more than 11 units. A project d that is reviewed by the Planning Commission takes approximately three to eight weeks for approval from when it is deemed complete, depending on w whether it is found to be categorically exempt pursuant to the California _ Environmental Quality Act(CEQA)or if it requires completion of an o Initial Study and Negative Declaration/Mitigated Negative Declaration. _ Projects requiring completion of an Environmental Impact Report take o significantly longer to reach project approval, due to the time necessary to N complete all technical studies and analysis. The public hearing process _ inherent in Planning Commission review requires the preparation of a staff CD report,public noticing, and must be added to the Planning Commission's j aD agenda. A Planning Commission hearing helps ensure that the public is w i as informed and involved in development. _ N I =O Project quality is of critical concern, as the City faces challenges in securing foreclosed single-family homes and poorly maintained j multifamily complexes. Common conditions of approval associated with a Development Permit include shielding outdoor lighting fixtures,being subject to property development standards such as grading controls and CO equipment screening, and having any modifications to exterior materials Cn and colors be reviewed by the Planning Division. For some projects, on- N site management may be a condition of approval to ensure adequate 4 responsiveness to residents and property condition issues. These N conditions are necessary to maintain quality housing for San Bernardino Q residents;review and conditions of approval by the Planning Commission 1 Y are not considered a constraint to housing development in San Bernardino. w Conditional Use Permits(CUPS) are required for projects that require a higher level of design and compliance review. For example, adding I E residential uses in a commercial zone warrants a CUP in order to analyze potential impacts to existing nonresidential development and potential a impacts to the new residential use located in a commercial setting. General findings for the approval of residential projects requiring a CUP include compliance with the Development Code,reflection of the existing neighborhood character,the mitigation and monitoring of any potentially significant negative impacts to the environment, and adequate provisions for the expansion of public utilities. The CUP process allows the Planning City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-87 Packet Pg. 251 y Commission to ensure that the project is designed to mitigate any adverse impacts to existing uses and public health and safety. Typical conditions j are similar to those of a Development Permit—Planning Commission project: property development standards to ensure public safety(grading, construction dust, lighting, etc.). A CUP for a residential project generally takes 12 to 16 weeks for approval. _ As part of the Development Code update in 2012,the City introduced a new streamlined type of Conditional Use Permit: the Minor Use Permit. The MUP is reviewed by the D/ERC rather than the Planning W Commission. This permit review process requires less staff time (and a c related shorter process for developers), lower fees, and can be used in lieu c of a CUP when the following criteria are met: z I 0 • The use will be entirely located within a structure that has ?; previously been approved with a Development Permit or Conditional Use Permit; d • The use will be less than 10,000 square feet in gross floor area; and _0 • The use will be exempt from the provisions of CEQA. W _ I For all applications considered projects under CEQA, the planner assigned c to a project will assess the adequate level of environmental review. Under o CEQA,many infill projects and other small projects are exempt. For M larger, more complex developments a consultant may be retained to perform environmental studies. Upon completion of the necessary environmental documentation,the project is presented to the applicable 0° approving body. If a project is approved,planning entitlements are issued in subject to compliance with conditions of approval that may be required N prior to issuance of construction permits. r O N I The City reduces the length of the review process and development cost a for qualifying affordable housing projects by streamlining the permitting process in accordance with density bonus law. Furthermore,the City's development standards are posted on the City's website to inform W developers of project and permitting requirements prior to plan creation. Awareness of the codes enables the developer to propose a project that E 1 will be more appropriate and therefore move through the permitting process more quickly. The transparency of the process also provides a a greater level of certainty to the development community. i 6. Development Fees and Exactions Processing fees and development exactions are necessary to recover the 0 costs of providing services for new development. The City of San i 3_88 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.252 3. Housing Bernardino's fees reflect the fair share of the costs of providing permitting, infrastructure, and services for new residences. Other agencies, such as school districts,may also charge development impact fees to cover the costs of expanding or providing new services. i Almost all of these fees are assessed through a prorata share system,based $ on the magnitude of the project's impact or on the extent of the benefit that will be derived from the services or facilities for which the fees are charged. The City of San Bernardino's fees are not high relative to other E cities in the region and are not an overly burdensome constraint to housing w a� development. _ 7 From July 2010 to July 2012,the City reduced a number of development j = fees,payment of which can also be deferred to just prior to occupancy of a c completed project. City Council extended these reductions for an additional two years, through July 2014. The intent of the fee reductions and deferrals is to incentivize new construction and reduce the upfront financial costs of development. I w M The library, aquatic, and parkland fees are reduced by 55% for all new i occupancies and for residential construction. Law enforcement and fire o suppression fees are reduced by 50%. For all single-family subdivisions of _ five or more units, payment of these reduced fees can also be deferred c c until just before occupancy. Other fees that can be deferred for single family units include local and regional circulation, public meeting, storm d drain, and sewer fees. Finally, over a dozen other planning and building m plan check application fees have been reduced by 50% for all single- U) family subdivisions of 5 or more units. N v A list of the City's fees for typical planning permits and actions are N presented in Table H-35. This fee schedule does not include current fee at reductions available to all development, as they are anticipated to expire in r 2014. To determine the total cost of development fees, City staff compiled a sample scenario of the fees charged to construct three typical projects: a w 15-unit single-family detached subdivision, a 20-unit condominium, and a 50-unit apartment building(see Table H-36). The fees shown in this table also do not reflect the reduced fee schedule. The fee reductions are intended to be temporary in nature to spur development during the current a economic climate. j j City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-89 Packet Pg.253 ' I Table H-35 2013 Residential P anning Division Fees Technology j T e of A lication Base Fee Fee Total m Amendment to Conditions Q. Director Review(Admin.Permit) $583.00 $11.66 $594.66 D/ERC Review(Development Permit) $822.00 $16.44 $838.44 c PC Review (CUP/DP/SUB) $2,550.00 $51.00 $2,601.00 y E m Conditional Use Permit W Minor Use Permit $3,605 $72.10 $3,677.10 Residential(Condo,PRD,HMOD) $2,809 $56.18 $2,865.18 = Design Review Full Consultant Cost 2 Development Agreement/Amendment Direct Cost Recovery Fee+2% c $6,960.00 plus Development Code/Zoning Map full consultant $139.20 $7,099.20 Amendment cost = Development Permit Administrative Permit(Director review) $1,000.00 $20.00 $1,020.00 d Development Permit(D/ERC review) $6,438.00 $128.76 $6,566.76 W Development Permit(PC review) $6,720.00 $134.40 $6,854.40 Development Permit(Council review) $7,288.00 $145.76 $7,433.76 N ® Environmental Study(IS) $3,273.00 $65.46 $3,338.46 Z Environmental Impact Report Direct Cost Recovery Fee plus Full Consultant c Cost L Extension of Time cc CUP and DP2/3 $3,922.00 $78.44 $4,000.44 L Tentative Tract Ma $4768.00 $95.36 $4,863.36 m M Fire Fees c CUP and DP2/3 $413.45 n/a $413.45 N Subdivisions,Tentative Tracts, $361.85 n/a $361.85 Parcel Maps,and Lot Line Adj N T CA Department of Fish&Wildlife Fees N Environmental Impact Report $2,995.25 n/a $2,995.25 Negative Declaration Q $2,156.25 n/a $2,156.25 Notice of Exemption $50.00 n/a $50.00 General Plan Amendment W Direct Cost Recovery Fee($1,500 deposit) c Letter of Zoning/GP Consistency $450.00 $9.00 $459.00 E Lot Line Adjustment $477.00 $9.54 $486.54 r Minor Exception Q Concurrent with another app $288,00 $5.76 $293.76 Owner-occupied single family $268.00 $5.36 $273.36 Other $792.00 $15.84 $812.34 Miscellaneous Environmental Report Direct Cost Recovery Fee($245 deposit)plus Review Full Consultant Cost($327 deposit) Phasing Plan Review 3-90 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet-06.254 3. Housing Table H-35 2013 Residential Planning Division Fees Technology Type o Application Base Fee Fee Total _ If not part of original project $823.00 $16.46 $839.46 D/ERC review application(DP) $514.00 $10.28 $524.28 ' Q. PC Review (CUP/DP/SUB) $536.00 $10.72 $546.72 Pre Application Re—view—D/ERC review $2,424.00 $48.48 $2,472.48 I E Specific Plan/Amendment Direct Cost Recovery plus Full Consultant Cost I W $4,262.00+ +2%of Tentative Parcel Ma $65/parcel calculated fee Varies $7,561.00+ 0 +2%of Tentative Tract Map(for SFR,condo or $65/lot or Varies j PRD) dwelling unit calculated fee 0 Tentative Ma Revision—Tract/Parcel Ma Map p $2,113.00 $42.26 $2,155.26 r Variance Regular $2,724.00 $54.48 $2,778.48 E With another application $910.00 $18.20 $928.20 m Single family residence $322.00 $6.44 $328.44 W Vesting Tentative Map Direct Cost Recovery Fee plus Full Consultant Cost y Source:City of San Bernardino,2013. 0 i = 0 L 3 L d m I N r N d' i r � O N ' Q a+ W I E co t U Q i i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-91 Liz, Packet P j:255 w9kMM Table H-36 - 2013 Residential Development Fee Case Exam les I5-Unit Single- Family 20-Unit 50-Unit Fee Type Subdivision' Condominium A artmen? City Fees Site Plan Review4 $8,822.59 $9,154.09 $7,760.27 y Architectural Review $7,760.27 $7,760.27 $7,760.27 i En ineerin Fees $20,771.27 $63,810.51 $66,335.74 a i Building Fees? $25,265.35 $40,535.68 $76,425 Police Fees $8,493.30 $11,324.40 $28,311 Fire Fees" $14,656.95 $19,542.60 $48,856.50 m Parks FeesB $113,001 $150,669 $376,672.50 w Library Fees' $7,579.50 $10,106 $25,265 i � Water and Sewer' $172,412.40 $229,883.20 $406,333 Initial Study Fees10 $3,338.46 $3,338.46 $3,338.46 0 Local Circulation" $2,329.20 $3,105.60 $7,764 Regional Circulation" $24,390 $32,520 $81,300 c Aquatics Facilities ca'vV Fee" $3,870 $5,160 $12,900 Public Meetings Facilities Fee B 2,927.60 $17,236.80 $43,092 E Storm Drain Fees" $24,310.05 $32,413.40 $81,033.50 w Other Government Agency Fees School Fees" $129,300.00 $129,300.00 $215,500.00 rn Other Agency Fees' $2,156.25 $2,156.25 $2,156.25 Total $572,561.60 $758862.17 $1,483 043.23 0 Per Unit Total $38,170.77 $28,040.45 $21,198.92 Source:City of San Bernardino,2013. i 1 Single-family housing project assumed at one 2,000 SF home with a 400 SF garage. I 2 Condominium unit assumed at 1,500 square feet,400 square feet garage. m 3 Apartment unit assumed at 1,000 square feet with 200 square foot carport. _ 4 Review of Site Plan and Architecture cover by the same application and fee.Site Plan Review fee represents fee for Tentative Subdivision Application review of lot layout in r scenarios 1 and 2,and the fee for a Development Permit Type DP-P. N s Architectural review represents Development Permit Type DP-P for scenarios 1 and 2(per d current Planning Fee schedule). N 6 Engineering Fees based on likely development assumptions for Offsite Improvements, Onite Improvements,Onsi te Grading,and Landscaping Plan Checks. Q Building fees based on likely plan check and permit fees. "Per current Public Works Fee Schedule for Development Impact Fees.Based on the number of total units for assumed for each scenario. �j 'Per Water Department estimates combined with current Developer Impact Fees for Sewer w Connection.Sewer fee based on number of bedrooms for project scenario 1 assumes 45 d bedrooms,scenario 2 assumes 60 bedrooms and scenario 3 assumes 100 bedrooms. Note: E Fire sprinkler fees are determined on a case-by-case basis due to the number of variables s U involved. CU j 10 Per current Planning Fee Schedule. Q 11 Per 2013 Schedule of Applicable School Fees within the San Bernardino City Unified School District,$4.31 per square foot of new accessible space for new residential construction. 12 State Fish and Game Fee and County Clerk filing fee for a Notice of Determination for California Environmental Quality Act Documents. i 3-92 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 256 6.A.b 3. Housing 7. Opportunities for Energy Conservation The City promotes residential energy efficiency through a variety of programs and policies. The City has an Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy that includes goals to improve energy efficiency in existing residential buildings, as well as improve the energy performance a of new development. The City also has drafted a Sustainability Master Plan(SMP). The SMP is comprised of measures that,when implemented, will enable the City to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from City E operations and the community. The SMP builds on the Energy Efficiency ! w and Conservation Strategy, and includes numerous programs intended to c reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. A webpage o (sustainablesanbernardino.org)for the Sustainability Plan is also available _ to the public to provide information about the plan and related City c programs. N The City provides environmental sustainability tips and links on its ! E website, and supports local utilities in their efforts to provide public a� information and technical assistance to developers and homeowners ! W regarding energy conservation measures, equipment, and programs. For example,the City advertises water rebate programs and equipment o exchange programs to encourage public use of these resources. Permitting ( _ fees for the installation of solar panels are also waived. C L On a regulatory level,the City enforces the State Energy Conservation I Standards(Title 24, California Administrative Code). These standards are m incorporated into the City's Building Code. These energy saving Cn requirements apply to all new residential and commercial construction as N well as remodeling and rehabilitation construction where square footage is added. Compliance with Title 24 of the California Administrative Code on N the use of energy-efficient appliances and insulation has reduced energy Q demand stemming from new residential development. While the construction of energy-efficient buildings does not necessarily w lower the purchase price of housing,housing with energy conservation features should result in reduced monthly occupancy costs as consumption ' E of fuel and energy is decreased over time. Similarly,retrofitting existing structures with energy-conserving features can result in a reduction in a utility costs. Examples of energy conservation opportunities include ! weatherization programs,installation of more efficient appliances, solar energy systems, and building design and orientation for passive solar I heating and cooling. i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-93 Packet Pg. 257 ua Much of the housing stock in San Bernardino is in need of some level of j repair. The City requires sustainable practices in dealing with construction waste associated with City-assisted projects. The City has procured a pool of salvage companies to assist in meeting reuse standards for demolition and substantial rehabilitation projects. CL In 2007, the Bay Area LISC and Built It Green published a resource guide titled Green Rehabilitation of Multifamily Rental Properties,which includes a cost-benefit analysis of sustainable housing rehabilitation E efforts based on energy efficiency, water conservation,resource w 1 conservation, and healthy indoor environments. This resource outlines best c practices for possible incentive programs and how-to guides for new o construction or rehabilitation projects. Many of these rehabilitation = itechniques are also efficient for single-family housing and could be recommended for foreclosed properties undergoing rehabilitation through N publicly supported programs. The majority of measures identified also w assist the occupant in reducing energy costs,thereby increasing the a amount of income that can be spent on rent/mortgage, childcare, healthcare, or other important living costs. w 8. Redevelopment c I Prior to 2012, redevelopment activities and funding authorized by the =° j Community Redevelopment law were the City's primary tool for assisting with neighborhood revitalization efforts and production of affordable E housing. There were 11 redevelopment areas (RDAs) covering m approximately 8,500 acres within the City. Redevelopment activities in co ! San Bernardino were organized and overseen by the Economic N Development Agency(EDA). T 0 N On December 29, 2011, the California Supreme Court ruled to uphold a ABx1 26,which dissolved all redevelopment agencies in the State. A « companion bill, ABx1 27,which would have allowed the RDAs to continue to exist, was also declared invalid by the court. The court's w decision required that all RDAs within California be eliminated no later than February 1, 2012. The City's EDA was dissolved on January 9, 2012, E and the City was selected to be the Successor Agency responsible for all enforceable owed and obligations and the successor housing agency. Q The loss of redevelopment funding represents a constraint for San Bernardino's efforts to continue to support neighborhood revitalization. The effects of the foreclosure crisis required extensive programming in order to rehabilitate San Bernardino's neighborhoods, and the EDA was leading the City in addressing these unique housing needs through 3-94 City of San Bernardino January 2014 t)ack',e f Pg.258 6.A.b 3. Housing rehabilitation and new construction. Without redevelopment funds and EDA staffing and programs,the City is limited in its ability to rehabilitate I and expand the stock of affordable housing. However,the City is creating a new Housing and Community Development Department within the City Manager's office during FY 2013-2014. This department will administer I �: many housing programs temporarily suspended since the dissolution of the a Redevelopment Agency. As future funding sources are developed, San Bernardino will continue to increase efforts toward affordable housing construction and neighborhood revitalization. E I. w Nongovernmental Constraints on Housing Development ' o I 1. Land Costs N i v San Bernardino has a large supply of vacant land suitable for residential development, available both for infill in urbanized areas and new development in previously undeveloped areas located primarily in the w northern portion of the City. Combined with the existing oversupply of housing(as evidenced by the high vacancy rates and number of vacant j foreclosed homes), the availability of land lowers the value of raw and _ improved land. �a Land prices can significantly impact the cost of housing development. c Raw land for residential development varies greatly depending on location m and type of housing permitted. In September 2013, a multi-family parcel in the Verdemont section was for sale for$103,755 per acre, while a N ! r single-family view parcel in the Shandin Hills area was for sale for $798,600 per acre. For infill housing,the cost of assembling smaller c parcels can increase the overall cost of development. Typically such infill N assemblage takes place in intense areas in which older lots need to be a combined to maximize development potential. X Relatively low land values reduce the total development cost of building w affordable housing. While housing prices were on the rise in the early 2000s,the recession and related housing crisis that started in 2007 significantly reduced housing values. In effect,the housing market w downturn reduced the potential constraint of land costs in San Bernardino. a Following the recession and corresponding downturn in the housing I market,the cost of land in San Bernardino and throughout much of the Inland Empire is beginning to increase, although costs remain significantly lower than many other Southern California locations. I City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-95 Packet Pg. 259 N 2. Construction Costs i The cost of construction depends primarily on the cost of materials and labor. Construction costs may vary significantly based on the type of housing,unit size, amenities, building materials, site constraints and existing land improvements. For example,wood-frame construction is a I more affordable than steel-frame construction. The quality and cost of M framing and finishing materials impacts the cost of the housing unit. E The cost of labor is based on a number of factors, including housing W I demand,the number of contractors in an area, and the unionization of c j workers,but it is generally two to three times the cost of materials. Thus c the cost of labor represents a substantial portion of the overall cost of x 1. construction. I � N 3. Financing i c To the developer and homebuyer, interest rates have the greatest impact on LU the ability to construct, improve, or purchase a home. Interest rates, however, are determined in part by national policies and economic conditions, and there is little that local governments can do to affect these o rates. _ o c Following the recession that began in 2007,mortgage rates have been at historic lows to encourage qualified buyers to enter the market. As of 2013,mortgage loans for homes are generally available at a rate below 5% m for a standard fixed-rate loan with a 30-year term. Interest rates can have a in dramatic impact on housing affordability,particularly for those with less N than prime credit. In addition, the recent foreclosure crisis has generated more conservative lending standards, and down payment requirements N have increased. ' a Although stricter lending standards constrain homeownership s opportunities for households with subprime credit,ultimately this practice w may protect households with unstable finances from being overburdened by the responsibilities and expenses of homeownership. The City and local nonprofits provide homebuyer education programs that explain credit, j lending, and home maintenance, among other topics needed to prepare a a j household for ownership. The City also improves the financing options of lower and moderate income households through down payment assistance programs. 0 i i I 3-96 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 260 6.A.b 3. Housing a. Foreclosures Following the onset of the recession, there was a dramatic increase in foreclosures in San Bernardino and throughout most of the Inland Empire. The crisis originated with the loosening of credit terms to the extent that households were unable to actually afford the home, and in some cases Q. agreed to loan terms without understanding the future increase in required payments. These predatory practices, coupled with an overproduction of housing and declines in employment and other sectors of the economy E resulted in a depressed housing market in which many units throughout w the City remain vacant. RealtyTrac estimates that the foreclosure rate in c the City of San Bernardino at 0.18%, or one in every 542 homes. This is o higher than the State average (0.11% or one in every 901 homes). x The City is an active partner in preventing foreclosures and maintaining N foreclosed properties. The City competitively applied for and received funds made available under Title III of the Housing and Economic a Recovery Act of 2008 and administered by HUD under the Neighborhood Stabilization Program(NSP). Using NSP funds,the City purchased 47 w foreclosed single-family properties which have been rehabilitated and sold to income-qualified homebuyers. However,the NSP program is expiring o and the City will have only limited resources to address foreclosures in the = future. c 4. Environmental and Infrastructure Constraints L d m Environmental hazards such as flooding, fire hazards, geologic, and seismic conditions generally provide the greatest threat to the built .- environment in the Inland Empire. Water supply and infrastructure is critical to support residential growth,particularly in drought conditions N such as those frequently experienced in San Bernardino and throughout Southern California. Q a. Flooding Hazards w r c Flooding is a concern in 100-year floodplain areas and in the foothills in the northern part of the City. Development of parcels within those areas will be required to address potential flooding hazards as detailed in the a Development Code. Topographic and geologic conditions vary throughout the City and can reduce development potential, especially in areas of steep terrain such as the northern foothills. Much of the land in this area is designated for lower density residential development and open space uses to reduce the impact to the hillsides and protect future development from landslides and flooding. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-97 Packet Pg. 261 6.A.b pan Boma mn i b. Fire Hazards Urban and wildland interface fires pose a threat to residential development in San Bernardino. Approximately 19 acres of land in the City abut the j San Bernardino National Forest, a protected undeveloped area with dense, a dry brush and stands of evergreen trees. These hillsides and other adjacent D r open space areas pose a fire hazard, especially during the dry summer and fall months. The San Bernardino City Fire Department responds to calls in this area and throughout the City. Proactive measures to deter losses from w fire include multifamily rental housing inspections for compliance with c fire codes, emergency preparedness public education, and development o requirements to reduce fire threats, such as sprinkler standards and knox = box guidelines. (It is the San Bernardino City Fire Department's policy to r have a key box entry system installed on any commercial or industrial business where delayed access or entry may hamper emergency operations I or other fire department services.)Per the Development and Fire Codes, hillside development and development adjacent to natural open space areas is designed and landscaped to preserve natural features while also w protecting structures from fires. Some preventative design measures may =_ increase the cost of housing construction,but are necessary for public o safety and as such are not considered a constraint to housing development. _ 0 0 C. Geological Hazards M L The San Andreas Earthquake Fault Zone traverses the City in a northwest m to southeast fashion, following the foothills along the northern edge of the M City. The San Jacinto and Loma Linda Earthquake Fault Zones further `n N traverse the City, also in a northwest to southeast fashion,through the lower middle and southern portions of the City. Several watercourses go N through the City, including the Santa Ana River, Cajon Creek,Lytle Creek, and numerous canyon drainage courses. The City also has Q significant biological habitats along the foothills and rivers. The environmental constraints will affect the development of housing units to w the extent that developers propose projects in constrained areas. However, the City estimates that less than 7% of the total vacant residential land area is affected by environmental constraints. i With 15 active faults potentially affecting the City, seismic hazards must a be taken into consideration during construction and rehabilitation efforts. i While most of the active faults are located outside of the City,the San Andreas Fault runs along the southern base of the San Bernardino Mountains in the City of San Bernardino. The fault segment within the San Bernardino planning area,however,has not experienced a major 3-98 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 262 6.A.b 3. Housing earthquake in over 200 years and possibly for as long as 600 years. The City's Building and Safety Codes provide important standards for construction in a seismically sensitive area. The City also maintains a list of unreinforced masonry buildings,which are more susceptible to damage in the event of an earthquake. Preventative measures inherent in Building Codes are intended to prevent loss of property and life, are necessary, and j a are not considered to pose a constraint to housing development. a� d. Water Services ! E w The City of San Bernardino Water Department provides water services for c the San Bernardino Municipal Water District(SBMWD). The 2010 Amended Urban Water Management Plan(UWMP)provides an overview _ of the City's water supply and conservation efforts to ensure that the r City's infrastructure can meet the water demands of future growth. The N water distribution system consists of pipelines, storage reservoirs, i pumping stations,hydroelectric generating stations, control valves, fire i hydrants,water meters, and wells located throughout the City. The E UWMP projects that SBMWD will be able to meet anticipated demands w through 2035, even in the case of multiple dry years. N I e. Wastewater Services 0 c Wastewater is treated at the San Bernardino Water Reclamation Plant to a CU secondary treatment(non-potable)level and is then transferred to a tertiary treatment facility in Colton that is jointly owned by the City of Colton and m SBMWD. Treated water is discharged into the Santa Ana River and is not o currently used to offset water demand. N i T I N I � The availability of water and wastewater services and capacity are not N anticipated to constrain the City's ability to accommodate new residential I development to meet the City's RHNA allocation during the planning Q period. x w c I E U I Q I I I i i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-99 Packet Pg. 263 y This page intentionally left blank. i i °r CL D c a� E W I � c I � O I = O C O E s y W i O) C N iI 0 I 3 O 1 R C i d CD R Cn I. N d' O N � Q K W r d E V � Q I 3-100 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 264 6.A.b 3. Housing EVALUATION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE 2008 HOUSING ELEMENT r The housing plan of the 2008-2014 Housing Element was organized into j housing goals,policies, and implementation programs. The housing goals were each addressed through multiple programs utilizing a variety of funding sources. The State of California requires an assessment of the ?� previous housing plan to identify areas of accomplishment as well as areas I in which improvement could occur in the new planning period. The N progress of the implementation of the 2008 Housing Element is evaluated by its housing priorities, shown in Table H-37. The results of the analysis provided the basis for developing the N comprehensive housing strategy for the 2013-2021 planning period _ (Section 7—Housing Strategy). a� W N 0 Z C R L Md W N N I � r O N Q ' r I � � K W t v ca r j Q i i i i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-101 o bo • � � nY N bq ° O N C N ; bA p W i C w O Q O o to o Cn CD o ° o ° Q U U Co r. 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O y C al CD FOCZ O i ti a' N X" +IO C �n O Co v' b U O O 40, r > C w N poo 4 Co a ° �O N w at Q qu V V u" > z z o E N A O w Cc ch � b i a> > O .0 o b v, V Cw C"z w CD I*Aln e+id o Packet Pg. 268 "00 LO b 0 a.o r. CO b N y .2 0 O O Q �bq b of ' -wv o � ' c � ' o ' w 40, N y ,U Cu 0 Cu a 0 00 0 o O 0 C O 0 w U �, °' ou 0 o 0, o ca W o Q o c 0 •n0 a'"i Ny^ s0„ ,`�, i F" a� o to o00 b aona o to ° ¢ o o a W 3 c o Z'•; 2 Q Op o OLD" .f..J' CS 0 3 0 3 'N i °o 000 o Uv O 0 wxOx ° 3 U a.xNE U °v c°� s° x CD LU r, py o f o �, 2 c M Q U 0 0 to 0 0 00 WAQ u 2 � � O Cd > C `U N O C o d �� CO x ° O C .2 Cn O O �° N v U U a0i r o � N m Q p4 ti U w V vj x U O LiJ A M N E � v y O C +�+ i0' •b fi! a Q Co 4 0 m • 0 N f0 Q bD Co M W M p U Packet Pg. 269 6.A.b 00 °' � o ° "' � '-7 y ate.+ .{�." .^" •a � � y .,�.i N vaoi aoi '� x to �n ,r o ,� p U w bo y -� «i U N o N U y • L] - V •�• Q M cpo b c o o ° awi ¢' v `o aoi ° aoi 0 too W c C. 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M > ao .b A ° � oUa� �a h A w y m U � P y 0 o N 0 � F s 0 N i � d y0. m Cd o _ U v �. p C o A s. �Q Y N Z; ::� ca °a ° z > �; tb UHF � o m a�i 7a a. u M o Q d bin y C7 _col, E v ° A ; � U X00 w > a�i a3 03 COO 'ai O G� bA O G U p t0- N by m M a C O in. U �y Q h+H Q O N 0 G� O H W � E L m CD O ts m o cn c v U .- � o � N w Q a 72 GL w A r U � O t v � w � � Q a� U N W `- M M u0, M C7 Packet Pg. 274 6.A.b to's o Sw 00 p LLU O O a0i `� � Q >+ wFN .0 w O O E y .0 O , O M ai � 0 0 o C'4 ya o � bo c N U Cc bo o .,. CO 3 � �rn m obi o �'3 E Cn a �, oU5 `� a�ia� o to +� v to O O U a0i U a O U O O v 'O O v� cc l' Z O b'S N y y 3 Bu o o > v, d d O O y C v U O i. "o b C OC,3 O O c 3 8 > .O b0 L «+ cC +N-' O L actl+ U 00 Vl y s. h +•' N to N � 3 ��ON y0 Gti ., O N w G, U O U O o bc N 0 i o U . 4, (1) a0i b b�4 0 y o � o 2 .� 0 V O 0 A cC 2 ° 2 a) ' N _ d y E O G U U U + W h+l y p > O O > O O > OD O _ O a o o c� .y � o � w •3 .b 4. � . � v O ° o °�' > c o o N y .s•i' U C U O y r O C. 1 � N � � N v U .- p � N 0 x o � w w o w as x x N W c E C e o o o � a, Co 0 3 : V] O Cc a m rn Co O d n in > c�U �O Cn MQ M � P, Q Cl; W x U Packet Pg. 275 O O O d 7� CIS by z�z Q 4a al O G Ca ° C O a�i d -d O O r � ai o U N ,> U QO Q. U O b,o s 24 N 3 N w •Z Q b0 �" r. U s. rn >, o.. o cC o p U N y Cz y O U O x O N R 1 c�G p Cn w ,� U O bb Q Cz v Cn In O ° y U p U U y 3 n ,4? o O ° o v� U O d w U ai a�i ai w `I" U W u 4. Y p C o. C E -� 4, Q m N � W ca �. Q W r. C C Q O N Cz U .> W V o ° 0.'� '°� o c. 3 o.�° K, 6 o °o as-14 ° CL`7+, C v 4 N N LL x 7 1". Q Q.— y cC O. b y CL U �, ❑ C. O b N N N O 0 CA N U U p o `n U O > �, � 'O > N iC O O Q•' G A.U C U O U v H ❑ C d U s Q b Q W V H 'A °U d � � d W � it •� � bq � � .> W =a on-d � o � •� _ O CL. u L d p �a a�i sO In � �, w o > E N � V V2 �i O U c� Cz cC N O O n cd cCC O•Y C d �O •� #' CO vi C O N Q bq bA U n L] N vOi 'C3 U 'b Q" U rn p O O cCz ¢' y < W �1 . o U a dUY E O COD N 0 Q r b r Q w w w w Ln x a'"i a'"i ai W c C7 C7 C7 C7 � a> o E C U O C.1 °o •� G O ^O N ° •`n N .0 M M M d M LTr M M �r •Si Packet Pg. 276 6.A.b a an w o aoi O a3 N �,� •. bA � �', o .' O .co a� 3y ,b ou a� ° x 0.—Ci Cd a� b � o .5 `" ¢ � W a `* U `� o0 M C! V � �'! a, 3 .O or N w N Q U �O w 7-r u U H "O "O N - p 3 C 0 p 4 Q 0 O M O .o o m o '5 y V ° 3 1 a Q 00 O G¢i -0❑ N Q ¢ A oq G Q 'b cd .+ rn N y, U p „ .N h . � 0 . O Q N U Id a A c r. ° m a U a o N o o y o V w C >u L oo yc`�i ¢3 C N O U O i V p y O O O N 0 U 2 O. O U .Y N N .o0 O. U .o m y EU�LU H rO N+ N.= C C> 0 — a O O O y c0 O o w w ° U U .4 a. U Na: . O 21 CD .. w .� O aft aA 0 � � o o y a.p 3 c ° ' m x o b ti •? o a, o ° 0 C 4, fn r. 0 N 0 �• N � p b a~ o U 3 o .- � o C N r t x C7 o C7 C7 m = m u � y N � v "gyp. p tV4 �` X � ^O •+� C r o b o c tea. cc m a. m Fi � d O Packet Pg. 277 6.A.b d- 3 a a g $ -o ~ M Cq M +U+ N .N U •y aU.+ U 7 A O ,SU". N om. ^' •a+ Cd y� N L3 to i 2 75 Co Co o °o , „ o m o w a o0 3 a o0 c h b a a c a .Y o c C � o Q � O a. D g O C =— O N N z-,U U N O C O C O z U N N O ecA- = RS N [� iOit 14 14)s �" t.' G ¢ bA ❑ b0 O~� 0 - _E U d O O w-0 U N. U U � N O C . N El wAO b O N e p > o > '4 i p i O U N , w . N w X 10 o 0.15 s. - =N _ W c s�. o � o Cu 0 U = b0 I� O 40 O a� M 0 .2 y Y E! 0 o N 15�+ b O 0 r. N N to 0 N C ' O Q 6> U L o x CL Cn w � z z z E 00 a o a, o R H 0 ��,, V A to Co -- V] 0 00 ' M U ; ('7 z �-O 0 +r Packet Pg. 278 fi.A.b LO <n tb � a, • U h 'C ct U7 O 0 � p� U O m Cd Z 0 ¢ _ v `n N O O O •--� M M E O 0 •in � � O O O O O 0 0 O O N �' N ..-i O _ct O h UN _ O O N .r W a� � � .�� N N Ln O N OC:> O cV M M = .fir srw O m Y � 4r O fC U O > 6 rA CA W O r u i cV ce � _ U v v a Rs v a as ai is rCzo Od 9404 OOd aOd c E ° o o � o � :fl c� � m ° v o Packet Pg. 279 6.A.b ra'an�rrn mn This page intentionally left blank. i CL D w I, c N O O N w C j N _N W I � C O O c I L � c L M W V! r N T O N Q X W i C i CD E t V R .r I Q 3i 1 i i i 3-116 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 280 6.A.b 3. Housing HOUSING STRATEGY I The following goals,policies, and programs set forth a comprehensive housing plan for the City of San Bernardino during the 2013-2021 ! �, planning period. j Adequate Sites for New Housing E Goal 3.1 Identify adequate sites for a variety of housing types w Policies: O 3.1.1 Provide adequate sites to accommodate the production of a variety of housing types through land use designation, I zoning, specific plans, and overlay zones. i d E 3.1.2 Encourage the use of density bonus provisions to provide mixed-income housing and maximize the use of vacant and a, underutilized residential sites. ! c N 7 i O 3.1.3 Encourage the development of senior housing and housing = 0 for persons with disabilities (including developmental I E disabilities) in all areas of the City, especially on sites with access to public transportation and community facilities. j m 3.1.4 Direct the production of new housing, including mixed-use Cn and mixed-income projects, in the downtown core and .- along public transportation corridors. j 0 3.1.5 Support the development of residential uses in primarily N commercial areas that allow residential or mixed-use j a development. I X Programs Program 3.1.1 Downtown Housing 0 Vacant and underutilized sites in Downtown San Bernardino offer a a unique opportunity for integrating residential uses into the dense urban core. The Downtown Core Vision sets forth goals and objectives for transforming this primarily commercial and office area into a lively mixed-use and multipurpose node that is highly connected to city services, City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-117 Packet Pg.281, co employment, housing, and educational facilities within walking distance and through public transit. ♦ Objective: Encourage and facilitate the development of new housing in Downtown San Bernardino and along transit lines through the implementation of the Downtown Core Vision. a ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division .r ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Ongoing W Program 3.1.2 Transit District Overlay c .N 7 The City created the Transit District Overlay (TD) in 2012. The TD x° boundaries are established in 13 unique areas via five transit station area 0 types: N w • Kendall Drive Neighborhood Stations • E Street Neighborhood Stations a� • Village/Urban Center Station Areas a, • Downtown Station Area(along E Street) y • Employment Center Station Areas (along Hospitality Lane) 'o x o This overlay zone includes building form and placement standards E intended to increase density and intensity of uses around transit stations. c L ♦ Objective: Publicize incentives offered by the Transit District Overlay beginning in 2014. Provide technical assistance to Cl) interested developers and property owners. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Funds c°4 ♦ Timing: Prepare marketing materials in 2014 and ongoing Q implementation X Program 3.1.3 Residential Standards for Commercial General-3 and w Commercial General-4 Zones E The City permits mixed-use residential development in the Commercial General-3 (CG-3) and Commercial General-4 (CG-4) zones. Currently, a the Development Code explicitly states that development standards and maximum density for mixed-use residential uses in the CG-3 and CG-4 zones default to those in the Commercial General-2 (CG-2) zone. Development standards will provide property owners and the development community with a better understanding of the residential development potential in this zone. 3-118 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.282 3. Housing ♦ Objective: Update the development code to identify clear and objective development standards for housing and mixed-use development in the CG-3 zone. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund a ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by 2016 M c as Program 3.1.4 Corridor Improvement Program w The four Corridor Strategic Areas—Mount Vernon, E Street, Baseline, c and Highland—are generally characterized by underperforming strip c commercial, vacant or underutilized parcels, deteriorating structures, and = inconsistent facades and signage. The Corridor Improvement Program is c an optional package of policy, regulatory, and incentives intended to N stimulate investment and development in the Corridor Strategic Areas. While the underlying land use designations and zones still apply, the CD property owner may request, and the City may choose to apply, aspects of d the Corridor Improvement Program necessary to achieve the desired w results. Key incentives include allowing increased densities for housing and mixed-use projects within 500 feet of a transit stop, increasing 0 densities and FARs for mixed-use projects that replace strip commercial = on arterials, and increased density for projects that combine parcels (lot consolidation). c a� Furthermore, code enforcement activities in this area will encourage m violators to demolish unsafe buildings through existing demolition programs and educate property owners of new opportunities available N through the Corridor Improvement Program. r O N ♦ Objective: Facilitate investment and intensification along underutilized corridors through codifying the development and lot Q consolidation incentives proposed in the General Plan Land Use Element Corridor Improvement Program. w ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by 2016 0 Program 3.1.5 General Lot Consolidation Incentive a Small, individual lots offer limited development potential, and generally cannot support onsite property management. Development opportunities could be increased through a small-lot consolidation program that offers a 15% density bonus for projects with a residential component that are City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-119 Packet g.'283 �0 committing to a maintenance plan and having on-site management. This encourages a more efficient use of the land while ensuring adequate long- term maintenance and oversight of a property. ♦ Objective: Amend the development code to incentivize lot ; consolidation for projects committing to management plans and a providing on-site management. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund E ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by 2016 w c Program 3.1.6 Density Bonus Provisions c M Density bonus provisions reward developers providing affordable housing c to seniors or families with an increase in density and reduced building N requirements, such as reduced parking,reduced setbacks, and other factors that decrease the cost of housing production. Density bonus projects can be an important source of housing for lower- and moderate-income d households. w a� c ♦ Objective: Facilitate higher density and affordable housing o development by amending the development code to reflect the = latest amendments to State density bonus law. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund E ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by December 2014 m c �o co Housing and Neighborhood Preservation N r O Goal 3.2 Conserve and improve the existing affordable housing N stock and revitalize deteriorating neighborhoods. Q .2 Policies: X W 3.2.1 Improve the quality of the existing housing stock through the rehabilitation and improvement of market rate neighborhoods and affordable housing projects. Y Q 3.2.2 Support code enforcement programs that identify problem areas and assist lower-income homeowners in correcting building code violations. 3-120 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 284 3. Housing 3.2.3 Assist in the maintenance and rehabilitation of rental units whose owners provide affordable housing to lower-income tenants in exchange for long-term affordability agreements. i 3.2.4 Encourage and facilitate the rehabilitation and reuse of a; distressed and abandoned properties. $ 3.2.5 Support neighborhood conservation and residential rehabilitation programs that offer financial or technical assistance to owners of lower- and moderate-income W housing or distressed properties. c' I y 3.2.6 Encourage resident involvement in neighborhood x° improvement program planning to identify needs and implement programs targeted for the areas most in need of rehabilitation. r c 3.2.7 Dedicate resources to eradicate and prevent blighting conditions and maintain standards to safeguard and W preserve the City's neighborhoods. _ 3 Programs x° I o Program 3.2.1 Single-Family Unit Acquisition and Rehabilitation Program W The City still has a significant number of homes that have been foreclosed, many of which were abandoned or improperly secured, and have in significantly deteriorated or been vandalized by squatters and thieves. A N focus of this program is in Ward 1, but foreclosed homes Citywide are eligible properties. The City has identified intermediary service providers N (currently with Housing Partners 1, Inc. and Neighborhood Housing i a Service of the Inland Empire) to rehabilitate, manage, market, and close the sale of previously deteriorating foreclosed homes. Pursuant to X Government Code Section 65583.1(c)(B), as revised in 2011, foreclosed W properties converted from non-affordable housing to housing affordable to very low and low income households through committed assistance and/or affordability covenant will receive credits toward the City's RHNA. i Q ♦ Objective: Acquired and rehabilitate at least 50 abandoned and I foreclosed homes for income-restricted resale to lower-income households. ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: HOME ♦ Timing:Ongoing i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-121 Packet Pg.-285 Program 3.2.2 Single-Family Rental Property Inspection The City's Single-Family Rental Property Inspection Program requires that all property owners and companies that lease single-family detached or attached homes be annually inspected by Code Enforcement staff. The $ inspections document the condition of single-family rental housing, provide opportunities to educate owners and tenants about their responsibilities to the property, identify illegal rental units, and combat blighted conditions that reduce property values. As a community in which w much of the single-family homes have converted to rental housing, the c actions generated by this program and through Code Enforcement responses to complaints represent a significant part of the City's effort to = improve neighborhood conditions and reduce crime. 0 0 N ♦ Objective: Continue to identify code violations and educate owners and tenants about their respective responsibilities through single- E family rental inspections. Refer owners to appropriate City d programs to provide technical and financial assistance to address w a� code violations. 5 ♦ Responsible Agency: Code Enforcement o ♦ Funding Source: General Fund and inspection fees = ♦ Timing: Annually; refer owners to City housing rehabilitation °c programs as needed c L d Program 3.2.3 Crime-Free Multi-Family Housing m _ �o On June 6, 2011,the City adopted the Crime Free Multi-Housing co ordinance, mandating the participation by all multi-family (4 or more d units) rental property owners and managers. The program consists of N three phases: an 8-hour training class; inspection of the properties to verify implementation of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design a (CPTED) elements; maintenance of CPTED standards and active participation in the Neighborhood Watch Program. w In addition, the City also offers a Multi-Family Rental Housing Fire Inspection Program through the Fire Department. ♦ Objective: Improve multifamily housing conditions; refer code Q violators to rehabilitation assistance programs on an as-needed basis. ♦ Responsible Agency: Code Enforcement ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Annually; referrals on an as-needed basis 3-122 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.286-1111 I 3. Housing JOWN j Program 3.2.4 Single-Family Rehabilitation Program I This program is administered under contract with Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE) and Inland Housing Development j a� Corporation (IHDC). It involves providing up to $30,000 as a a rehabilitation loan to income eligible households to address code deficiencies and bring the housing unit to code standards Citywide. E as ♦ Objective: Provide rehabilitation assistance to 20 lower- and j W moderate-income households annually. c ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division c ♦ Funding Source: HOME; CalHome z ♦ Timing: Ongoing; apply for additional State and federal funds as j funding is available N Program 3.2.5 Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Grants Program (Oldtimers Grants) d s w a, The Old Timers Foundation, a local non-profit corporation, performs minor and emergency home repairs for low-income homeowners (80% o and below median income). Repairs cannot exceed$1,000 per housing _ unit. Seniors (60 years or older), disabled persons (including persons with °c developmental disabilities or recipients of SSI are eligible for this p ) p g� program. Qualified repairs include: plumbing (i.e., sink fixtures), replacing of doors, screens, and window glass, and minor electrical m repairs. Outreach for the program is conducted at various Senior Centers I throughout the City, and by word-of-mouth. N v ♦ Objective: On an annual basis,provide home repair grants for N approximately 85 units occupied by senior and disabled households. a ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: CDBG j w ♦ Timing: Ongoing m E Program 3.2.6 Critical Repair Program R The Critical Repair Program assists homeowners who are occupying their a dwellings and whose incomes do not exceed 80% of the median income. The program provides financial assistance of up to $10,000 to i homeowners for exterior improvements to their property. As a condition of receiving this assistance, property owners are required to attend a "Preventative Maintenance" class conducted by one of the City's local City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-123 Packet Pg 28T 10 non-profit partners,Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE). i ♦ Objective: Annually,provide assistance to 10 lower-income households to make critical exterior repairs. ; ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division a ♦ Funding Source: CDBG D j ♦ Timing: Ongoing E Program 3.2.7 Preservation of Assisted Multifamily Rental Housing W c The City has a significant inventory of publicly assisted rental housing I affordable to low-income households. Eighteen affordable rental housing x° developments in the City offer income/rent-restricted housing for 2,205 r very low-income households. Among these, 15 projects have subsidy N contracts that are expiring during the next ten years. These projects are technically considered at risk of converting to market-rate housing. However, in reality, most of these projects are non-profit owned senior E housing which would receive priority for renewal of subsidy contracts W a� with HUD. E ' 0 0 The City will also periodically(and as-needed) conduct outreach to 0 owners of assisted projects to understand their intentions for opting out of c the Section 8 program, or pursuing financial restructuring in order to extend the affordability controls. m jIn addition to the property owner outreach, the City will also conduct Cn periodic outreach to tenants in assisted projects. This outreach will inform N residents of resources available to tenants, such as the Crime-Free Rental d j Housing Program training and support services, and will include N notification and explanation of the risk of conversion, if applicable. a w ♦ Objective: Work with property owners and qualifying agencies to preserve 1,627 assisted multi-family rental units at risk of W converting to market rents. Provide technical assistance, when needed,to assist the owners of properties eligible for conversion to E market rates in seeking funds and completing other tasks necessary to secure funds that preserve the affordability of housing. a ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund; HOME and other funding as available ♦ Timing: Ongoing i 3-124 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pgo 288 6.A.b 3. Housing Program 3.2.8 Multifamily Rental Housing Acquisition/ Rehabilitation I Through a Notice of Funding Availability(NOFA) process, the City plans to retain a qualified Community Housing Development Organization (CHDO) to acquire and rehabilitate multifamily rental housing as long- CL term affordable housing for lower-income households. d ♦ Objective: Acquire and rehabilitate 50 multifamily rental units to E benefit lower-income households w ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division c ♦ Funding Source: HOME ♦ Timing: Issue NOFA in 2014 and complete acquisition/ x° rehabilitation of 50 units by 2016 0 I N Program 3.2.9 Mobile Home Grant Repair Program d Although the compact nature of mobile homes generally reduces maintenance costs,the cost of maintenance as units age and deteriorate w a, can overextend a lower- or moderate-income household's budget. The Mobile Home Grant Repair Program is currently administered by Old- ! o timers Foundation, Inc., Inland Housing Development Corporation, Inc. ( _ (IHDC) and Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire ! °c (NHSIE). The program provides grants up to $5,000 for mobile home repairs. m ♦ Objective: On an annual basis, provide home improvement grants to 20 lower-income mobile home owners. .- ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: HOME N ♦ Timing: Ongoing a I :a Affordable Housing Assistance Goal 3.3 Assist in the provision of housing affordable to lower- and moderate-income households. Policies: a i 3.3.1 Increase housing opportunities and choices for lower- (including extremely low-) and moderate-income households. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-125 Packet Pg. 289 �a co 3.3.2 Create and support opportunities to assist first time homebuyers. i 3.3.3 Support innovative public, private, and not-for-profit efforts for the development and financing of affordable a; I housing. o CL I D 3.3.4 Apply for regional, state, and federal funds for the development or restriction of housing for lower- and E moderate-income households. w 3.3.5 Establish guidelines for the purchase,rehabilitation, and I. resale of foreclosed properties restricted to lower- and moderate-income households. 0 a� N Programs a� E Program 3.3.1 Homebuyer Assistance Program (HAP) .2 This program is designed to assist qualified first-time homebuyers with the c purchase of a home within the City limits. Eligible properties can include condominiums, town homes, and single-family detached homes. The x° j Homebuyer Assistance Program provides financial assistance (of up to c° 20% of the purchase price) that may go towards down payment and L closing costs. The homes purchased under this program may be located in any census tract in the City, as long as the dwelling is used as the m homebuyer's principal residence and the home remains affordable for a ( period of not less than 20 years. in ` N Furthermore, the City offers a homebuyer and homeowner education program as a component of HAP. Some new homebuyers and existing N owners are not properly informed of the responsibilities of a homeownership and could greatly benefit from educational programs on credit, lending, and home maintenance topics. The City contracts with x NHSIE to provide educational programs. w c d ♦ Objective: On an annual basis,provide downpayment assistance to E 50 low-income first-time homebuyers and homebuyer/homeowner w j education to 300 households a ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: HOME; private funds (for homeowner education) ♦ Timing: Ongoing 0 3-126 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.2 90 6.A.� ' 3. Housing Program 3.3.2 Emergency Shelter Assistance The City continues to utilize Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) and Emergency Solutions Grant(ESG)to support shelter operations that benefit the homeless in San Bernardino. Agencies assisted include,but are not limited to: a • Central City Lutheran Mission d • Mary's Mercy Center—Mary's Table • Inland Temporary Homes W • Operation Grace N • Option House o • Salvation Army • Time for Change Foundation • Foothill AIDS Project • Veronica's Home of Mercy CD E ♦ Objective: Continue to support emergency shelter operations w ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division = ♦ Funding Source: CDBG; ESG ♦ Timing: Ongoing = 0 c Program 3.3.3 Transitional Housing 0 c The City has used various funding sources to create transitional housing m opportunities in the community, including: • Mary Mercy—Veronica's Home—20 units (70 beds) • 1476 W. 6`'' Street— 11 units c • One single-family home N Q ♦ Objective: Continue to support transitional housing programs and E identify opportunities for expanding the transitional housing w inventory to benefit lower- and extremely low-income households. ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division ♦ Funding Source: CDBG; HOME ♦ Timing: Ongoing r Q City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-127 " Packet Pg.2911 Equal Housing Opportunity i Goal 3.4 Promote equal housing opportunities for all persons in San Bernardino. Q. Policies: d j E 3.4.1 Provide a regulatory environment in which housing w i opportunities are available for all persons. N 3.4.2 Implement housing policies and programs without regard to z race, ethnicity, national origin, age,religion, sex, family j status, or other arbitrary factors not related to the purpose of the policy or program. =' c 3.4.3 Improve quality of life for disabled persons by facilitating E relief from regulatory barriers to accessible housing. w v, 3.4.4 Encourage senior housing facilities in multi-family and N commercial areas of the community, particularly when in proximity to public transportation and supportive c commercial, health, and social service facilities. 3.4.5 Create a continuum of care for the homeless and those transitioning out of homelessness by facilitating the establishment of emergency shelters, transitional housing, j and permanent supportive housing. N f � 3.4.6 Encourage the development of market rate and affordable N housing with family-oriented and childcare amenities to a help meet the needs of large families and single parents. Programs W c Program 3.4.1 Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance t The City of San Bernardino does not have a formal process for requesting exemptions from government regulations for the purpose of creating Q housing accessible to disabled persons. A Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance will enact a process for disabled individuals (or those acting on their behalf)to make requests for reasonable accommodation for relief from burdensome land use, zoning, or building laws, rules,policies, practices, and/or procedures. The City will make reasonable i 3-128 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 292- G:A:b 3. Housing 0 accommodation information available at City Hall and on the City's website. I ♦ Objective: Reduce governmental constraints to housing for disabled persons through adopting a Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance. t a ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division D ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by December 2014 W Program 3.4.2 Universal Design Features Universal design features are accessible designs that create barrier-free _ spaces. Universal design can make a home accessible to persons with c disabilities (including persons with developmental disabilities) and N comfortable for general use. By incentivizing or requiring assisted new construction or rehabilitation projects to include universal design features, the City would increase its housing stock that is appropriate for aging in d place and special needs. w I � ♦ Objective: Explore amending the Development Code or program c parameters to incentivize or require universal design features in _ housing projects that are assisted by City funds. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund I L ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by 2016 ! m I � M Program 3.4.3 Fair Housing Mediation ' r j N 4 The Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board(IFHMB)provides N education, dispute resolution, and legal advising services to San Bernardino owners, landlords, and tenants in conflict. Such services are a particularly important for lower- and moderate-income households unable I to afford retaining counsel. The City refers persons with housing w discrimination or other fair housing inquiries to IFHMB for assistance. Fair housing education by the IFHMB extends to persons of adult and i high school age,property owners, mobile home park owners/residents, realtors, City staff, lenders and staff of classified newspaper advertising j a departments. Outreach is conducted through the mass media of radio, television,newspapers,public appearances and brochure distribution. i I City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-129 a Packet Pg.293 l The City will also refine or replace its definition of the term"family"to ensure the Municipal Code does not create an opportunity for discrimination based on familial status. ♦ Objective: Continue to contract for fair housing mediation services and refer those in need. Distribute fair housing materials at City $ buildings and on the City website. Refine the definition of the term "family" in the Development Code. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division E ♦ Funding Source: General Fund w ♦ Timing: Ongoing for contract and support; Update Development c Code by 2016 0 Program 3.4.4 Transitional and Permanent Supportive Housing 0 c� N Transitional housing permits stays of no less than six months and typically integrates supportive services that are necessary to transition to self- sufficiency. Permanent supportive housing refers to permanent housing with no limit on length of stay in which the organization managing the w a, housing or another service entity provides ongoing supportive services. _ 0 Both of these housing types provide housing opportunities for extremely o low-income households. These uses are inadequately defined in the = Development Code. Senate Bill 2 clarifies the definition of these uses and °_ mandates that these uses be considered as residential uses to be permitted in the same manner as the same types of housing in the same zones. E a� m ♦ Objective: Update the Development Code to adequately define transitional and permanent supportive housing, and permit these r uses based on unit type, in accordance with Senate Bill 2. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division N ♦ Funding Source: General Fund Q ♦ Timing: Update Development Code by December 2014 . Program 3.4.5 Special Needs and Extremely Low-Income Housing w Support the housing needs of special needs households by prioritizing _ available funding for projects that include special needs housing or housing for extremely/very low-income households, expediting related project reviews, and by referring residents to the Inland Regional Center a for housing and services available for persons with developmental disabilities. ,, ♦ Objective: Provide expedited project review for projects targeted for persons with disabilities, including persons with developmental 3-130 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 294 I 6.A.b 3. Housing disabilities, and projects that provide housing for extremely low- income persons. Where funds are available,prioritize projects that include special needs housing or housing for extremely/very low- income households. Continue to refer those in need to available services and work cooperatively with the Regional Center in support of persons with disabilities, including persons with Q. developmental disabilities. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division ♦ Funding Source: General Fund d ♦ Timing: Reevaluate opportunities on an annual basis W as c N 7 O Removal of Governmental Constraints to Housing N w Goal 3.5 Reduce the adverse effects of governmental actions on the production, preservation, and conservation of housing, particularly for lower- and moderate-income w a� households. 3 O Policies: _ O c 3.5.1 Remove regulatory constraints that inhibit the provision of quality affordable housing. m 3.5.2 Incentivize and monitor the development, maintenance, and in preservation of affordable housing. N 3.5.3 Ensure that appropriate fees are charged to new residential c development to cover expansion costs without unduly increasing the cost of providing housing. Q 3.5.4 Encourage and facilitate the construction, maintenance, and w preservation of a variety of housing types adequate to meet a range of household needs. s 3.5.5 Ensure that adequate utilities and infrastructure are readily w available for new or rehabilitated affordable housing a projects. City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-131 Packet Pg. 295 6.A.b C" Programs I i Program 3.5.1 Priority Water and Sewer Service Lower-income households moving into new assisted units can benefit ; from receiving priority water and sewer service (amendments through state law enacted through Assembly Bill 1087 in 2005). The City will I coordinate with local service providers to ensure that affordable housing j proposals are given priority status for water and sewer services in the d event that a rationing system is instituted. w c I ♦ Objective: Facilitate priority water and sewer service to affordable housing proposals. x° i ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division j ♦ Funding Source: General Fund N II� ♦ Timing: Ongoing c d Program 3.5.2 Application Streamlining Opportunities d W a� The City of San Bernardino periodically reviews its application processes =_ for potential amendments that would result in decreased permit processing o times and cost to the City and the applicant. Although the City's current = I permit process is not considered to be a constraint, additional streamlining S of the permit process can decrease the amount of time it takes for a project �a to move forward into rehabilitation or construction. The saving in time reduces the financial burden an applicant must bear. m ♦ Objective: Continue to explore ways of streamlining residential m and mixed-use project permits. ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division N ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Ongoing Q Energy Conservation X Goal 3.6 Reduce the amount of energy expended on the construction, conservation, and preservation of r housing. a I i 3-132 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg. 296 6.A.b 3. Housing Policies: 3.6.1 Promote infill rehabilitation and new construction projects through increasing housing potential in already developed I areas of the community. ;? CL I �o 3.6.2 Facilitate housing development and rehabilitation that conserve natural resources and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. E w 3.6.3 Encourage and enforce green building regulations or incentives that do not serve as constraints to the development or rehabilitation of housing. _ 3.6.4 Focus sustainability efforts on measures and techniques that also assist the occupant in reducing energy costs, thereby reducing housing costs. i E Programs j w c Program 3.6.1 Intermediary Green Building Practices 0 Numerous homes in San Bernardino are and will be improved through °c intermediary services that rehabilitate dilapidated foreclosed or abandoned homes into safe, high quality, and healthy homes. All intermediaries will be required to adhere to the City's building standards. These standards m were created by a third-party engineering and construction management team to address green building protocols endorsed by the United States in Green Building Council. i ♦ Objective: Require rehabilitation performed by intermediaries to N incorporate sustainable practices endorsed by the United States a Green Building Council. ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office; Housing Division x ♦ Funding Source: CDBG; HOME w i +- ♦ Timing: Ongoing as E Program 3.6.2 Sustainable Intermediary Demolition and Salvage i a Existing and anticipated rehabilitation and demolition activities could result in the disposal of large volumes of building materials. The City seeks to reduce its impact on landfills by preserving reusable materials for these projects and others through materials sorting requirements. j Intermediaries are required to make salvageable materials available for i reuse prior to demolition. The City has procured a pool of salvage i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-133 �0 companies that will adhere to prescribed reuse and recycling standards. These salvage companies will sort, reuse, or sell used and recyclable materials. i f ♦ Objective: Reduce building materials waste through aggressive recycling and salvaging activities. Q. ♦ Responsible Agency: City Manager's Office ♦ Funding Source: General Fund d i ♦ Timing: Ongoing E W I Program 3.6.3 Green Rehabilitation Study U) 3 The City will evaluate the most cost-effective rehabilitation measures for X an online how-to guide for the general public. By first assessing the most o cost-effective measures,the City can ensure that possible incentives or N guidelines based on these measures do not serve as constraints to the development or rehabilitation of affordable housing. j ♦ Objective: Assess cost-effective home improvement techniques w a� and identify those appropriate for the City's website and possible E I incorporation into other City programs and regulations. c ♦ Responsible Agency: Planning Division = '' ♦ Funding Source: General Fund ♦ Timing: Conduct study in 2017,publish preferred cost-effective measures on the City's website by December 2017 E MMai I W^ i Quantified Objectives N N State law requires each jurisdiction to establish a minimum number of c ihousing units that will be constructed, rehabilitated, and preserved `" throughout the planning period. These objectives are based on quantifiable a evidence of program funding, other available resources, expected outcomes of vacant and underutilized lands, market factors, and w redevelopment requirements. r c a� Table H-39 summarizes the City's quantified objectives by income category, including extremely low-income households, for the 2013-2021 planning period. Q ID I i i 3-134 City of San Bernardino January 2014 Packet Pg.298 �.A.b 3. Housing Table H-39 Quantified Objectives I Activity EL I VL I L M AM Total New Construction RHNA 490 490 696 808 1,900 4384 CL Rehabilitation 2 3.2.1 Single Family Unit Acquisition/Rehabilitation 50 0 0 50 j E 3.2.4 Single-Family 40 40 40 40 0 160 W Rehabilitation 3.2.5 Elderly/Special rn 300 300 80 0 0 680 Needs Minor Repair ( c 3.2.6 Critical Repair 20 30 30 0 0 80 3.2.8 Multi-Family Rental j N Housing Acquisition/ 10 20 20 0 0 50 1 Rehabilitation 3.2.9 Mobile Home Grant 60 60 40 0 0 160 Repair W Preservation a� 3.2.7 Preservation of I = Assisted Multifamily 1,627 0 0 0 1,627 j c Rental Housing= O c M c I d m M I m T N i r O I N .Q X W _ d E t v M Q i I i I I i City of San Bernardino January 2014 3-135 Packet Pg. 299 6.A.b d CL c m E w c O 0 0 N a+ C d E d W a1 C N 3 O 2 O c E L m E L MCD W r N O N Q r K W E t V t4 Q Packet Pg. 300 3. Housing APPENDIX A: VACANT AND UNDERUTILIZED SITES INVENTORY A parcel-specific inventory of vacant and underutilized sites with ! development potential during the planning period is provided in Table H- A1. d E as W c 3 j O s r O I O I rr C N I d W G1 C .N 3 O C E L L i m Cn T i N d. I. O N i Q K W d E 10 L V cts Q I I I i i I i City of San Bernardino January 2014 A-1 Packet Pg.301; i 3. 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Y. iV. £ � aV. �0.. w w N E V N N N N V N N N N V V N N N N V N N V N N N N V N N N N V V N N N N V v ++ E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E Q E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U •off o 0 0 "o 'o "9 'o 0 N N N ovv � � b ovv � � a� o 0 0 ova o 0 ov � � o 0 ov V N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N y N N N N N N N N N •o •o v 'o 'o o v o v 'o 'v 'o 'o v •o v v v 'v 'o 'o •o •o v 'v 'v 'o a •o v v •v 'v 'o v o •o 'o A- O O a\ 00 N O o0 N 10 10 In M M r 10 ao v1 O --� 00 C, T 00 .-- •-- V1 ^. ^. --i •-- ^� ^-� ^-' ^-' N N N N N c�1 -� M N M M M t�l M M M M M to O O M M O O .-• O N M N M 00 0 0 01 .•+ ^ O M O\ M O M M M M M M M M M M M M N N M M N M N N N N N N N N N M N N N M N N N N M N N N N N N N N N N V� V� R 7 O O O O O O O O o O 0 0 0 C. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Packet Pg. 328 City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis: Meeting Infrastructure Needs As required by Senate Bill 244 (codified in Sections 56375, 56425, and 56430, 53082.5, 56033.5, and 65302.10 of the Government Code and Section 13481.7 of the Water Code), Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required 1 to be identified in a city's General Plan, along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities. c. DUCs are defined as inhabited unincorporated areas with an annual median household income (MHI) that is less than 80 percent of the statewide annual MHI. Based on 2011 Census data from the American Community Survey, the California annual MHI was $61,632, 80 percent of which is 2 $49,306. w a� c DUCs can be in the form of a "fringe" or "island" community. "Fringe community" means any c inhabited and unincorporated territory that is within a city's sphere of influence but not surrounded = on all sides by the city. "Island community" means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is c surrounded or substantially surrounded by one or more city or county boundaries or the Pacific N Ocean. Seven areas within the City of San Bernardino's sphere of influence—as listed below and shown on Figure 1—have been identified as DUCs. Additional unincorporated areas within the h City's sphere exist, but they are not defined as DUCs due to either an annual MHI that is above the 2. criteria stated above or a lack of population (fewer than 10 dwelling units). a v Summary m Within the City of San Bernardino Sphere of Influence, there are one fringe and six (6) island m communities identified as Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs). These areas have c been identified based on local annual median household income as compared to the State annual median household income. d m In General, most areas in the DUCs within the City of San Bernardino Sphere of Influence have infrastructure services at levels similar to that found within City limits. Services are provided in the m DUCs by the following entities: m Muscoy Mutual Water Company WATER SERVICE San Bernardino City Municipal Water Department w East Valley Water District d City of San Bernardino Public Works Department E WASTEWATER SERVICE East Valley Water District c�c City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Q FLOOD CONTROL FACILITIES Departments) San Bernardino County Flood Control District San Bernardino City Fire Department FIRE PROTECTION SERVICES San Bernardino County Fire Department City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 1 Packet Pg.329 t00%` The 2010 San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) shows that water supplied for the areas will meet or exceed demand in a normal year, a single-dry year, and a multiple-dry year period. The service providers have indicated that there are continual upgrades and maintenance to the water system. Specific deficiencies have been identified in DUC 6. To address these deficiencies, East Valley Water District (EVWD) is currently replacing the entire water system in these areas with new 8" ductile iron pipe, fire hydrants and new water services and meters. Wastewater collection facilities within DUCs 1 and 2 are owned and operated by the City of San _ Bernardino. Wastewater collection facilities within DUCs 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are owned and operated m by the East Valley Water District (EVWD). Specific system deficiencies in the DUCs have been Q identified in the uppermost parts of DUC 6 where there is no sewer service and there is no sanitary sewer system planned. EVWD serves 3 out of the 6 streets in DUC 6 with sewer service. The other three streets are served by leach and septic systems that are over 50 years old and in need of m replacement. w rn c Storm drain and flood control facilities within the DUCs are managed by the City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments) and San Bernardino County Flood Control District. _ Flood hazard maps provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, 2008), indicate that many portions of the City and its Sphere of Influence are identified as having a minimal or moderate flood risk. The DUCs are adequately served by fire services. The distance from the closest fire station to all >, areas within the DUCs is at most two miles. This distance is close enough to allow for adequate response time for urban uses within nine minutes, pursuant to National Fire Protection Association a �r response time standards. N CO U) Conclusions 0 DUC 1 is characterized by very low density, rural type development and based on expressed community desire, is expected to remain as such. In DUCs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, substantial additional m development within these areas is not anticipated to occur because the established uses are built = consistent with the General Plan land use designations. Individual development projects would CO need to fund expansion of services through private funding. ' m With the exception of the Muscoy Mutual Water Company, most system deficiencies identified by .c service providers are not specific to DUCs but also apply to the service providers' regional system. x w The service providers have capital improvement plans in place to address current and future deficiencies and in specific cases are actively working to address those deficiencies. Some identified 4) deficiencies, specifically lack of service, that are specific to a small portion of the DUCs have been identified and the respective service providers have express a desire to pursue funding to extend services to these areas. Q DUC Location and Description The five DUCs identified and their status (fringe or island) are: AVON DUC 1 (Muscoy Census Designated Place,fringe) • Census Tract 4101, Block Group 2 (portion) City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 2 Packet Pg.330, i • Census Tract 4103, Block Groups 1 and 3 (portions) • Census Tract 4104, Block Group 2 (portion) As shown in Figure 1, DUC 1 is located along the western edge of the City and is commonly known as the community of Muscoy. Muscoy is a Census Designated Place (CDP). According to the U.S. Census Bureau, a CDP is "a statistical counterpart of incorporated places and are delineated to provide data for settled concentrations of population that are identifiable by name but are not legally incorporated under the laws of the state in which they are located." The community consists primarily of large lot, rural-type residential development with animal raising uses and vegetable gardening still common in the area. According to the San Bernardino County Muscoy Community Plan, Muscoy residents have expressed a strong desire to remain rural and want future development a to be compatible with the rural character of their community. M r c m DUC 2 (island) E d • Census Tract 4505, Block Group 2 (portion) w • Census Tract 4507, Block Group 1 .N DUC 2 is located just northeast of the Interstate 215 and State Route 210 junction, southeast of = California State University, San Bernardino and Kendall Drive on the west. The area is known as Arrowhead Farms and is located in the University District. Land uses consist primarily of large-lot single-family detached residences in a low-density, rural setting. DUC 3 (island) N a • Census Tract 6100, Block Group 4 (portion) a I • Census Tract 6203, Block Group 2 (portion) v N DUC 4 (island) N • Census Tract 6100, Block Groups 3 and 4 (portions) c • Census Tract 6203, Block Group 1 (portion) L R DUC 5 (island) m • Census Tract 6203, Block Group 1 (portion) • Census Tract 6204, Block Group 1 (portion) DUCs 3, 4, and 5 are located in close proximity to each other immediately north of State Route 210 °0 (Foothill Freeway) between Harrison Street and Sterling Avenue. These DUCs are fully developed primarily with single-family homes. A mobile home park comprises most of DUC 3. The land use w pattern in these three DUCs is similar to the land use pattern in adjacent areas within City limits. a� DUC 6 (island) t • Census Tract 6301, Block Group 4 (portion) • Census Tract 6302, Block Groups 3 and 4 (portions) a DUC 6 is located south of State Route 210 (Foothill Freeway) and north of Highland Creek. The area is bisected by Pacific Street. This DUC is fully developed primarily with single-family homes. The land use pattern in DUC 6 is similar to the land use pattern in adjacent areas within City limits. DUC 7 (island) • Census Tract 6401, Block Group 2 (portion) City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 3 Packet Pg,331 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) Y Q. r+ C E W r _ 4 N �4. 3 = ka � � � O 7 N - O m QCity Boundary m Sphere of Influence Boundary x 0 DUCS w Freeway —j E Highway 11/06/13 Major Street Q Souroes: � ,; City of San Bernardino GIS;2013 SAN Be 1®p U.S. Census Bureau 2013 1r�Miles 0 1.2 The City of . ,-►SAN BERNARDINO General Plan Figure 1 Packet Pg.332 • Census Tract 6302, Block Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 (portions) DUC 7 is located north of Third Street between Waterman and Tippecanoe Avenues, and northwest of San Bernardino International Airport. This DUC is fully developed with residential, industrial, and some commercial and public uses. The land use pattern in DUC 7 is similar to the land use pattern in adjacent areas within City limits. Water Service The San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) provides a summary of anticipated water supply and demand for the years 2010 to 2035 for water agencies serving the San Bernardino Valley. The State's UWMP Act requires urban water suppliers to assess water supply +, reliability by comparing total projected water use with the expected water supply over the next 20 years, in five-year increments. The UWMP Act also requires an assessment of supply and demand a, during single-dry year and multiple-dry year periods. The 2010 San Bernardino Valley Regional w UWMP show that supplies will meet or exceed demand in a normal year, a single-dry year, and a = multiple-dry year period. o The Muscoy Mutual Water Company is the water supplier for DUC 1 (Muscoy). The Muscoy Mutual Water Company is privately owned and has been in existence since 1927. The Water ° ° Company has approximately 2,471 shareholders, with some holding multiple shares. There are 1,550 water meters in the distribution system. Shares are currently available for additional users. N Continuing upgrades are being made to this system, specifically the ongoing replacement of 2' mainline aged pipes.' Future projects to ensure adequate water supply and delivery include = rehabilitation of two reservoirs and two wells.2 The Water Company projects that adequate water supplies are available to serve the projected growth of the area for at least 20 years.' c� m DUC 2 is served by the San Bernardino City Municipal Water Department (SBMWD). SBMWD c obtains 100 percent of its water from the Bunker Hill Groundwater Basin, a portion of the San v Bernardino Basin Area (SBBA). The 2010 San Bernardino Valley Regional UWMP indicates that = SBMWD anticipates adequate supplies for years 2015 to 2035 under normal, single-dry and m multiple-dry year conditions.4 = c� CO DUCs 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are served by the East Valley Water District (EVWD). EVWD's water supply o0 consists primarily of groundwater from 20 wells in the western portion of the service area. These wells, in the SBBA, supply approximately 90 percent of the total water supply. The 2010 San Z z Bernardino Valley Regional UWMP indicates that EVWD projects adequate supplies for years 2015 w to 2035 under normal, single-dry and multiple-dry year conditions. EVWD is currently enhancing its c ability to utilize its existing water supply sources through several projects that are in various phases E of implementation, from planning to preliminary design to construction. These projects are anticipated to be completed by 2015. In addition, EVWD is evaluating additional projects to meet ti water demand at build-out conditions. These projects will be implemented as required by Q development in the service areas According to EVWD, a mobile home park encompasses most of DUC 3 is and is served with a Master Water Meter. The interior water piping is privately owned by ' Muscoy Community Plan.County of San Bernardino.2007 2 Muscoy Mutual Water Company Communication 11/18/13 s Muscoy Mutual Water Company Communication 11/18/13 'San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water Management Plan.2010.Amended September 2012 s San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water Management Plan.2010.Amended September 2012 City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 5 Packet Pg. 333 the mobile home park. DUC's 4 and 5 are currently receiving full water service, and are not on any planned replacement due to condition or capacity. DUC 6 is lacking service in two areas. The uppermost square serves a small community (approximately 25 homes) with water service. The bottom left portion of this area is an area known as Baseline Gardens. EVWD is currently replacing the entire water system in these areas with new 8" ductile iron pipe, fire hydrants and new water services and meters. EVWD is operating under two grants: a State of California Clean Water Grant (to address water contamination) and by Proposition 84 funds (due to the area being low income). DUC 7 is served in all but two locations, both of which are currently vacant.' Wastewater Service CL Wastewater collection facilities within DUCs 1 and 2 are owned and operated by the City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments).The City of San Bernardino Public 0 Works Department is responsible for the design and construction of wastewater (sewer) collection d facilities while operation and maintenance of wastewater collection facilities is the responsibility of w the Public Services Department. The Department has indicated that a few parcels continue to rely c on septic systems both within the City and the unincorporated areas. 0 x Only a few areas within DUC 1 are served by the City's sewer system. These include properties on the eastern edge of DUC 1 along Cajon and Nolan and California Streets and along small sections of Macy, Blake and Duffy Streets. In DUC 2, the City's sewer system serves small portions of 4151 and 48`h Streets and all of Melrose Drive, Leuzinger Avenue, 401h Street, and F Street. According to 2 Public Works Department staff, land uses with no current sewer connection are not required to ?^ connect to the City sewer system unless a failure of their septic system occurs. The City of San Q Bernardino completed a Sewer Collection System Master Plan (SMP) in 2002 with the purpose of studying the City's existing sewer system capacity, integrity and the system's ability to handle future N land use changes and redevelopment to the year 2020. Using a model based on General Plan y buildout conditions deficient sewer pipes were identified, none of which are located in DUC 1 or 2. 00 The City anticipates completing an update to the 2002 Master Plan in the near future. A 2006 Sewer Segment Capacity Evaluation recommended sewer upgrades to three sewer segments, one of which is located just north of the Muscoy area. m c Wastewater collection facilities within DUCs 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are owned and operated by the East co Valley Water District (EVWD), which operates and maintains its own wastewater collection system. To ensure that new service connections—not existing customers—are responsible for impacts and r costs associated with increased system usage, EVWD requires that new development provide for installation of necessary infrastructure as part of project construction. This includes new water and x W sewer lines and any additional facilities that will be necessary to meet new demand requirements. }; As the DUCs that EVWD serves are more urbanized, small-scale development would be able to E connect into existing infrastructure. t v ca EVWD has indicated that the sewer in DUC 3 is privately owned by the mobile home park that a comprises most of DUC 3 and the sewer is fed into the East Trunk Sewer. The sewer main in DUC 3 was not identified as one needing capacity upgrades, but the age of the pipe, 40 to 50 years old, places it in the District's Capital Improvement Program within the next 5 to 10 years. A further Closed Circuit TV Assessment will be performed before this pipe is designated for replacement. DUCs 4 and 5 are currently receiving full sewer service, and are not on any planned replacement due to condition or capacity. In DUC 6 the uppermost area is a small community (approximately 25 6 East Valley Water District Communication 11/22/13 City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 6 Packet Pg. 334 homes) with no sewer service and there is no sanitary sewer system planned. Sewer service is provided by EVWD to three of the six streets in the DUC. The other three streets are served by leach and septic systems that are over 50 years old. According to EVWD, many of the lots in these areas have been divided down to 5,000-square foot lots, and sanitary systems do not meet current Water Quality Control Board requirements. EVWD indicated that it is searching for grant funding to bring sanitary sewers to all area within DUCE. DUC 7 is served by sewer and water facilities in all but two locations, both of which are currently vacant.7 Wastewater generated within the City of San Bernardino and unincorporated areas within their service area flows predominately by gravity flow to the City of San Bernardino Water Reclamation Plant (SBWRP) located between "E" Street and Waterman Avenue south of Mill Street. EVWD CL currently contracts with the City of San Bernardino for all sewer treatment services. Wastewater D collected by EVWD is transported to the City's collection facilities prior to treatment at the SBWRP. d The SBWRP has been operated by the City of San Bernardino Municipal Water Department since E 1973. Treatment at the SBWRP includes screening, grit removal, primary clarification, activated W sludge (biological oxidation) with nitrification, and denitrification and secondary clarification. The SBWRP has a rated capacity of 33 million gallons per day (MGD) and is currently treating an average of 23.3 MGD.$ Current projections indicate that the SBWRP will not reach full capacity = until approximately 2035. SBWRP estimates that average dry-weather flow will equal or exceed 75 percent of the design capacity between 2016 and 2018.9 In March of 1996, the cities of San Bernardino and Colton jointly opened the Rapid Infiltration and Extraction (RIX) facility where secondary-treated water undergoes the final filtering and disinfecting process to produce wastewater that is superior or equivalent to wastewater produced by conventional filtration (tertiary) systems. _ a According to the San Bernardino County Muscoy Community Plan, Muscoy residents have N expressed a strong desire to remain rural, including relying upon long-existing septic systems to take m care of wastewater disposal needs. The Muscoy community has resisted annexation; however, o parcels in the area requiring sewer service have been allowed to connect to existing community = facilities. General Plan policy directs the City to review development proposals for projects within the City's Sphere of Influence and request the County to disapprove any project that cannot be F_ served with adequate public wastewater collection and treatment facilities.10 m c ca Flood Control Facilities m Storm drain and flood control facilities within the DUCs are managed by the City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments) and San Bernardino County Flood Control District. x w Flood hazard maps provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, 2008) indicate that many portions of the City and its Sphere of Influence are identified as having a minimal or moderate flood risk. Special Flood Hazard Areas subject to inundation by 100-year flood events (also referred to as the one-percent-annual-chance flood event) are located along the creeks and Y channels that cut through the City and its sphere." Q 7 East Valley Water District Communication 11/22/13 a City of San Bernardino Municipal Water Department,Water Reclamation Department Communication 11/13/13 9 City of San Bernardino Municipal Water Department,Water Reclamation Department Communication 11/13/13 t0 City of San Bernardino General Plan.2005 " United States Department of Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA). National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Flood Insurance Rate Maps,2008. City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 7 Packet Pg.33 Portions of DUC 1 are identified as having potential minimal or moderate risk flood areas by the most currently available FEMA flood maps (2008). Specifically, areas closest to Lytle Creek and areas immediately adjacent to the San Bernardino City limits north of Ogden Street are indicated as being within: • the 0.2-percent-annual-chance floodplain • areas of one-percent-annual-chance flooding where average depths are less than one foot • areas of one-percent-annual-chance flooding where the contributing drainage area is less than one square mile m Y In DUC 1, the only Special Flood Hazard Areas subject to inundation by the one-percent-annual- a chance flood event are contained along Cable Creek. Further indicating the minimal risk in this area, M FEMA mapping also indicates that the area is protected by a levee, dike, or other structure that has been provisionally accredited. E w DUCs 2, 3, and 6 and small portions of DUCs 4 and 5 are identified as potential minimal or _ moderate risk flood areas by the most currently available FEMA flood maps (2008). The DUCs are indicated as being within: =0 • the 0.2-percent-annual-chance floodplain o • areas of one-percent-annual-chance flooding where average depths are less than one foot • areas of 1 one-percent-annual-chance flooding where the contributing drainage area is less than one square mile 21 R Further indicating the minimal risk in this area, FEMA mapping also indicates that the area is a protected by a levee, dike, or other structure that has been provisionally accredited. N m DUC 7 is not located within a FEMA-designated flood hazard area. N 0 Generally, the high-risk flood areas are confined to storm channels, debris basins, and between levees with a few minor exceptions. Flood hazards in the DUCs are similar to those in the City = proper. Per General Plan policy, the City prohibits development and/or the construction of any m structure intended for human occupancy within the 100-year flood plain, as mapped by FEMA, unless adequate mitigation is provided against flood hazards. m Fire Protection Services X w The San Bernardino City Fire Department (SBCFD), through an agreement between the City and w County Service Area 38, provides structural fire protection and paramedic services to the DUCs aa) within sphere of influence areas located east of Interstate 15. E U ca DUCs 2 through 7 are all within two miles from a fire station. Areas within DUC 2 are located from Q 600 feet to one mile from SBCFD Station #227, and from one-half mile to one mile from the California Department of Forestry (CAL Fire) San Bernardino Unit station. Areas within DUC 3 and most of DUC 4 are located within one and one-half mile from SBCFD Stations #241 and #226. The southern portion of DUC 4 is located within one mile of Station #226. Areas within DUC 5 are located within one-half to one mile from SBCFD Station #226. Areas within DUC 6 are located between 500 feet to one mile from Station #226. Areas within DUC 7 are located within one-half to one and one-half miles from SBCFD Station #221, and within one and one-half miles from Station #223. City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 8 Packet Pg. 336 n Fire protection services within the Muscoy area are provided by the San Bernardino County Fire Department. The Department provides fire suppression, prevention, weed abatement, emergency, and rescue services. One fire station is located within the Muscoy community: Station 75 at Macy Street. Station 75 is staffed 24 hours a day with a captain, an engineer, and a firefighter paramedic. The crews are able to respond in either a Type 1 structure engine or a Type 3 brush engine. According to the County Fire Department, Station 75 receives about 1,100 calls per year and has an average response time between six and seven minutes.12 The distance from the closest fire station to any of the DUCs is at most two miles. This distance is close enough to allow for adequate response time for urban uses within nine minutes, pursuant to a National Fire Protection Association response time standards. c None of the DUCs are located within high hazard fire areas, as delineated in the City's General E Plan.13 w rn c Potential Funding Mechanisms 0 New smaller-scale development in the DUCs would need to fund expansion of services through private funding. For existing development or infill requiring expansion of services, expansion of sewer service could be funded through an assessment district, which would be contingent on approval of property owners to be assessed fair-share fees. Alternative or complementary funding T) sources include the City's general fund or possibly available federal, state, or regional based N infrastructure grants. The City of San Bernardino has a sewer line construction fund that is financed Q from sewer connection fees and a portion of the monthly sewer charges.The fund is used to extend d the City's sewer system into areas with no sewer system and to construct relief lines for reaches that are overloaded.14 EVWD is currently utilizing the State of California Clean Water grant and N Proposition 84 funds for water service improvements. o c Flood control expansion could be funded through assessment districts, area/master drainage plan fees, or possibly available federal, state, or regional infrastructure grants as well. Additional fire stations, equipment, and personnel could be funded through a combination of development impact 00 c fees and taxes, if needed. The City of San Bernardino also has a storm drain construction fund. The City's Fire Protection Impact Fee is a specific funding mechanism for acquisition of new m equipment, and relocation, expansion, and construction of fire protection facilities described or -4 identified in the Fire Facilities section of the Facilities Master Plan. This fee only applies to w development within the City and would not fund help development in a DUC unless annexed to the City. aci E An additional potential funding source is the California Infrastructure and Economic Development m Bank (I-Bank) created in 1994 to finance public infrastructure and private development that Q promote a healthy climate for jobs, contribute to a strong economy, and improve the quality of life in California communities. The I-Bank is located within the Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development and is governed by a five-member Board of Directors.The I-Bank has broad authority to issue tax-exempt and taxable revenue bonds, provide financing to public agencies, 2 County of San Bernardino Fire Department Communication 11/19/13 3 City of San Bernardino General Plan,2005 4 City of San Bernardino Capital Improvement Program FY2011-2012/2015-2016 City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 9 Packet Pg:337 provide credit enhancements, acquire or lease facilities, and leverage State and Federal funds. The (- Bank's current programs include the Infrastructure State Revolving Fund (ISRF) Program, 501(c)(3) Revenue Bond Program, Industrial Development Revenue Bond Program, Exempt Facility Revenue Bond Program and Governmental Bond Program. m a r m w rn _ .y 7 O 2 r O 01 N N .y _A f0 d' N m N O _ R _ d m _ R m .1? .i= X W r _ d >_ t V l� a+ rr Q City of San Bernardino Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Analysis Page 10 Packet Pg.338: NOTICE OF PUBLIC REVIEW AND INTENT TO ADOPT A NEGATIVE DECLARATION City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendments (2014-2021 Housing Element and Land Use Element Appendix) Pursuant to the State of California Public Resources Code, this notice is to advise you that the Community Development Department of the City of San Bernardino has prepared an Initial Study on the following project: Ci •^f San Bernardino General Plan Amendments Project Description: The project is the adoption and implementation of the San Bernardino General Plan 2014- 2021 Housing Element and revisions to add Appendix 16 to the General Plan to comply with Senate Bill 244 (codified in Sections 56375, 56425, and 56430, 53082.5, 56033.5, and 65302.10 of the Government Code and Section 13481.7 of the Water Code). The Housing Element is one of seven required elements of the General Plan. It addresses existing and future housing needs of persons in all economic segment groups and serves as a tool for decision-makers and the public in understanding and meeting housing needs in San Bernardino. While the law R does not require focal governments to actually construct housing to meet identified needs, it does require that the 'a community address housing needs in its discretionary planning actions by creating opportunities for housing in the M land use plan and facilitating housing development through policy. As required by Senate Bill 244, Disadvantaged c Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required to be identified E in a city's General Plan, along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities. w c The environmental analysis provided in the initial Study indicates that the proposed project will not have a o significant adverse effect on the environment as the proposed General Plan Amendments do not involve physical = development,require any construction or demolition activities, or change any land use designation or zoning district in a manner to could lead to increased residential densities or intensities than are already supported by the existing o General Plan Land Use Element. No housing site identified in the Housing Element is listed as a hazardous waste facility, hazardous waste property, or hazardous waste disposal site as enumerated under California Government 0 ode 15070(b). Amendments to comply with SB 244 are for informational purposes; no policy changes or Z nnexations are proposed and no particular infrastructure projects are authorized. c Project Location: The City of San Bernardino 2014-2021 Housing Element applies to all residential and mixed-use zoning districts and all General Plan land use designations that allow residential or mixed-use development within co the municipal boundaries of the City of San Bernardino. The proposed amendments to the General Plan Land Use Appendix recognize the existing unincorporated areas within the City's Sphere of influence (SOI). Located within San Bernardino County, the City of San Bernardino is bounded by the cities of Rialto to the west, Colton to the southwest, Loma Linda to the south, Redlands to the southeast, Highland to the east, and the San Bernardino a National Forest to the north.The City encompasses approximately 81 square miles. m E Public Review/Public Comment Period: Copies of the proposed Negative Declaration and Initial Study are available for public review at the following locations: .2 . a • City of San Bernardino,Community Development Department, 300 N."D"Street—3`d Floor c • Norman F. Feldheym Central Library, 555 West a Street, San Bernardino, CA 92410 E U Public Hearing: A public hearing will be held before the San Bernardino Planning Commission on January 15, r 2014 at 6:00 PM in the Council Chambers at 300 North°D"Street, San Bernardino,California 92418. A 30-day public review period for the Mitigated Negative Declaration begins on December 17, 2013 and ends January 16, 2014. If you would like to comment, please send your written comments so that they are received no later than 6 p.m.on January 16,2014 to: Mr. Tony Stewart, Acting Community Development Director, City of San Bapnardino, Community Development Department, 300 N. •`D" Street— 3 Floor, San Bernardino, Callfor 1 2418 (phone no. 909- 384-5057 fax no.909-384-5080). Date: December 17,2013 Signature: Tony Stewart,Acting Community Development Director Packet Pg. 339 r m Q. r • E w rn _ �N • O O 2 r O • N Z _ R ' A r Cn ' t4 rr Q C N V R r r Q r+ C d L V R r r Q Packet Pg. 340 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendments (2014-2021 Housing Element and Land Use Element Appendix) Initial Study and Negative Declaration D E d w rn San Beraar mo O 0 N v Lead Agency Z City of San Bernardino = 300 N. "D"Street San Bernardino,California 92418 Cn w 'c Consultant to the City a MIG I Hogle-Ireland 169 N.Marengo Avenue E Pasadena,California 91101 R r tlit�+ land E w December 2013 Q Packet Pg.341 ` A011WAw -This document is de for do ded printing- d Q. M C a� E d w rn N 7 O ' 2 T 0 N 0 Z ' C O w CO fC 1 Q C d E M V R r w Q r-% C d E s ca r .r Q Packet Pg. 342 Table of Contents Section 1: Purpose and Authority of Initial Study ..........................................................1 1.1 - Purpose and Authority.............................................................................................................1 1.2- Contents......................................................................................................................................2 1.3- Tiering.........................................................................................................................................2 1.4- Approach.....................................................................................................................................4 Section 2: Project Description..............................................................................................7 2.1- Project Title..................................................................................................................................7. �. 2.2- Lead Agency Name and Address................... M Y 2.3- Contact Person and Phone Number................. 2.4- Project Location........................... 2.5- Project Sponsor's Name and Address.....................................................................................7 2.6- General Plan Designations 2.7- Zoning Districts.................. ............8 W 2.8- Project Description...................................................................................... . .......... ............9 y 2.9- Project Objectives......................... ........................................................17 ' 2.10- Surrounding Land uses................................... ..........17 = 2.11 - Environmental Setting.............................................................................................................17 r 2.12- Required City Approvals............................................................................................ ...........18 N 2.13- Other Agency Approvals........................................................................................................18 0 Z Section 3: Determination....................................................................................................25 c 3.1- Environmental Factors Potentially Affected................ 3.2- Determination..................... Section4: Evaluation of Environmental Impacts...........................................................27 f° 4.1- Aesthetics..................................................................................................................... ............27 E 4.2- Agricultural Resources............................................................................................... ............30 Q 4.3- Air Quality............................ 4.4- Biological Resources.................................................................................................................37 E 4.5- Cultural Resources...................... .........44 4.6- Geology and Soils ...48 r 4.7- Greenhouse Gas.......................................................................................................................55 w 4.8- Hazards and Hazardous Materials = ....................................................................................... CD 4.9- Hydrology and Water Quality...............................................................................................70 E 4.10- Land Use and Planning w 4.11- Mineral Resources.....................:..............................................................................................79 Q 4.12- Noise..........................................................................................................................................80 4.13- Population and Housing.........................................................................................................87 4.14- Public Services..........................................................................................................................89 4.15- Recreation.................................................................................................................................92 4.16- Transportation and Traffic......................................................................................................94 4.17- Utilities and Service Systems................................................................................................97 4.18- Mandatory Findings of Significance...................................................................................102 Section 5: References.........................................................................................................104 5.1 List of Preparers................................. ................................................................................104 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.343 Table of Contents Appendix Appendix A:Air Quality Modeling Data List of Tables Table 1 General Plan Residential Land Uses.....................................................:....................................8 Table 2 Residential Zoning Districts........................................................................................................9 Table 3 Regional Housing Needs Assessment.....................................................................................11 Table 4 Residential Capacity on Mixed-Use Sites....................................................................:...........12 °3 �a Table 5 Residential Capacity on Vacant Residential Sites..................................................................13 a Table 6 Housing Element Sites Operational Daily Emissions bs/day)..........................................35 Table 7 Housing Element Sites Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory..................... 57 = Table 8 City of San Bernardino Open LUST Sites................................................................................66 E a� Table 9 Human Reaction to Vibration...................................................................................................82 w Table 10 Common Construction Vibration............................. ......84 0 List of Exhibits Exhibit 1 Vicinity Regional Context and ...................................................................19 0 g tY Ma p................... CD Exhibit 2 Housing Sites Inventory Map................................................................................................21 N Exhibit 3 Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities...................................................................23 0 z c r a E y a E s U f0 w a ii City of San.Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.344 Section 1:Purpose and Authority of Initial Study Section l: PURPOSE AND AUTHORITY OF INITIAL STUDY 1.1 - PURPOSE AND AUTHORITY The purpose of this Initial Study is to identify and assess the significance of the environmental impacts that could result from any potential future physical change in the environment resulting from the adoption and implementation of the City of San Bernardino General Plan 2014-2021 Housing Element (Chapter 3) and amendments to add Appendix 16 (an appendix to the Land Use Element—Chapter 2) to comply with = SB 244. E d W This Initial Study has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental c Quality Act (CEQA) Statutes and Guidelines and the City of San Bernardino's local rules and regulations. The proposed project requires discretionary approval from the x° City of San Bernardino and review by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). As the project initiator and because of the legislative approvals involved, the City is the Lead Agency with respect to this Initial Study pursuant to §15367 of the CEQA Guidelines. Specifically, this project requires City approval of a General Plan Amendment. No other governmental agencies have discretionary permitting authority with respect to approval of the proposed project, and there are no Trustee Agencies,as defined in§21070 of the CEQA Statutes. 3 Cn Pursuant to§15074 of the CEQA Guidelines,prior to approving this project,the City is obligated to consider the findings of this Initial Study and to either adopt a Negative c Declaration (ND), a Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND), or to determine that an a Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is required. The findings of this Initial Study support adoption of a ND, as discussed in Section 4. This means that the long-term plan for development of housing pursuant to the proposed Housing Element, in accordance with the governing land use planning policies and zoning standards, as w well as the policy edits to add Appendix 16 to the General Plan associated with a compliance with SB 244,would be less than significant. E The environmental determination that is ultimately adopted or certified by the City is part of the discretionary review process with respect to evaluating the merits and a disadvantages of the proposed General Plan Amendment. The findings and determination of impact significance presented herein neither presuppose nor mandate any actions by the City concerning future decisions on the proposed General Plan Amendment. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.345 Section 1:Purpose and Authority of Initial Study 1.2 CONTENTS This report has been prepared to comply with Section 15063 of the State CEQA Guidelines,which sets forth the required contents of an Initial Study. These include: • A description of the project,including the location of the project(see Section 2) a Identification of the environmental setting(see Section 2.11) • Identification of environmental effects by use of a checklist,matrix,or other methods,provided that entries on the checklist or other form are briefly explained to indicate that there is some evidence to support the entries(see Section 3) a • Examination of whether the project is compatible with existing zoning,plans, and other applicable land use controls(see Sections 2.6 and 2.7) • The name(s) of the person(s)who prepared or participated in the preparation of 2 the Initial Study (see Section 5.1) W rn c N 1.3 - TIERING Section 15152 et al. of the CEQA Guidelines describes "tiering" as a streamlining tool as follows: (a) "Tiering" refers to using the analysis of general matters contained inka broader EIR (such as one prepared for a general plan or policy statement) with later EIRs and o negative declarations on narrower projects; incorporating by reference the general discussions from the broader EIR; and concentrating the later EIR or negative N declaration solely on the issues specific to the later project. .E (b) Agencies are encouraged to tier the environmental analyses which they prepare for separate but related projects including general plans, zoning changes, and Q development projects. This approach can eliminate repetitive discussions of the same d issues and focus the later EIR or negative declaration on the actual issues ripe for decision at each level of environmental review. Tiering is appropriate when the y sequence of analysis is from an EIR prepared for a general plan,policy,or program to a an EIR or negative declaration for another plan, policy, or program of lesser scope, or r_ to a site-specific EIR or negative declaration. Tiering does not excuse the lead agency E from adequately analyzing reasonably foreseeable significant environmental effects of the project and does not justify deferring such analysis to a later tier EIR or negative a declaration. However, the level of detail contained in a first tier EIR need not be greater than that of the program,plan,policy,or ordinance being analyzed. (c) Where a lead agency is using the tiering process in connection with an EIR for a large-scale planning approval, such as a general plan or component thereof (e.g., an area plan or community plan), the development of detailed, site-specific information may not be feasible but can be deferred,in many instances,until such time as the lead agency prepares a future environmental document in connection with a project of a more limited geographical scale, as long as deferral does not prevent adequate identification of significant effects of the planning approval at hand. 2 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initia Packet Pg.346 Section 1:Purpose and Authority of Initial Study n EIR has been prepared and certified for program, plan, policy, or (d} Where a p p p g p p y ordinance consistent with the requirements of this section, any lead agency for a later project pursuant to or consistent with the program, plan, policy, or ordinance should limit the EIR or negative declaration on the later project to affects which: (1) Were not examined as significant effects on the environment in the prior EIR;or (2) Are susceptible to substantial reduction or avoidance by the choice of specific revisions in the project,by the imposition of conditions,or other means. a (e) Tiering under this section shall be limited to situations where the project is consistent with the general plan and zoning of the city or county in which the project E is located, except that a project requiring a rezone to achieve or maintain conformity d with a general plan may be subject to tiering, w rn _ .N (f) A later EIR shall be required when the initial study or other analysis finds that o the later project may cause significant effects on the environment that were not adequately addressed in the prior EIR. A negative declaration shall be required when c the provisions of Section 15070 are met. N 0 (1) Where a lead agency determines that a cumulative effect has been Z adequately addressed in the prior EIR that effect is not treated as significant for = purposes of the later EIR or negative declaration, and need not be discussed in .� detail. ' (2) When assessing whether there is a new significant cumulative effect, the lead agency shall consider whether the incremental effects of the project would be considerable when viewed in the context of past, present,and probable future a projects. At this point, the question is not whether there is a significant E cumulative impact, but whether the effects of the project are cumulatively M considerable. For a discussion on how to assess whether project impacts are w r cumulatively considerable,see Section 15064(i). a (3) Significant environmental effects have been"adequately addressed" if the E lead agency determines that: w a (A) they have been mitigated or avoided as a result of the prior environmental impact report and findings adopted in connection with that prior environmental report,or ($) they have been examined at a sufficient level of detail in the prior environmental impact report to enable those effects to be mitigated or avoided by site specific revisions, the imposition of conditions, or by other means in connection with the approval of the later project. (g) When tiering is used, the later EIRs or negative declarations shall refer to the prior EIR and state where a copy of the prior EIR may be examined. The later EIR or City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet P4' i 6.A.d Section 1•Purpose and Authority of Initial Study negative declaration should state that the lead agency is using the tiering concept and that it is being tiered with the earlier EIR. (h) There are various types of EIRs that may be used in a tiering situation. These include,but are not limited to,the following: (1)General Plan EIR(Section 15166). (2)Staged EIR(Section 15167). d m (3)Program EIR(Section 15168). c (4)Master EIR(Section 15175). a� (5) Multiple-family residential development / residential and commercial or W rn retail mixed-use development(Section 15179.5). N 0 (6)Redevelopment project(Section 15180). 0 (7) Projects consistent with community plan,general plan,or zoning (Section 15183). Z This Initial Study for the San Bernardino 2014-2021 Housing Element has been r_ prepared through tiering from the City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR (2005). This document is available for public review at on the City's website (http://www.sbcity.org/cityhall/conimunity_development/planning/planning_doc ) uments.asp)and at: City of San Bernardino a Community Development Department,Planning Division d 300 N. "D" Street-3rd Floor t San Bernardino,California 92418 @ 1.4 - APPROACH E The environmental analysis contained in this Initial Study is based on the following assumptions: Q General Plan Consistency: As the General Plan,is updated and/or amended,the City will ensure that such updates and amendments do not prevent implementation of the policies contained in the General Plan Amendment. Project Specific Environmental Review: In the City of San Bernardino, all development proposals are subject to an environmental review process to determine if CEQA review is required and if so, to identify potential impacts and impose Q appropriate mitigation measures, if needed, to avoid significant impacts. This includes both discretionary projects, subject to the requirements of CEQA, and smaller-scale ministerial projects that require issuance of building permits. 4 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg. 348 Section 1:Purpose and Authority of initial Study II Purpose of Environmental Review: This project does not authorize any plan for construction of new homes or other uses or redevelopment of any properties. No direct environmental impacts,therefore,would occur. This Initial Study addresses the assessment of potential environmental impacts resulting from the long-term effects of potential development facilitated by the General Plan Amendment in accordance with the City's existing land use policies. No changes to land use policy related to density or intensity are proposed. The purpose of the environmental assessment is to determine whether there are any peculiar types of impacts that could occur as an indirect result of the proposed General Plan Amendment strategies that were not examined in the General Plan EIR (2005) or if there could be impacts that are more 0. severe than those anticipated in the EIR. aD E a� w c .N 0 0 0 N 0 Z C t4 A CO R C a E a r d E r a City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.349 Section 1:Purpose and Authority of Initial Study as M c as E d w This Page Intentionally Left Blank N O r O a) N Z 'O C R 7 U) t4 �C Q C d E t V fC w r.+ a E s c� Q 6 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initia Packet Pg. 350 6.A.d Section 2:Project Description Section 2; PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 - PROJECT TITLE City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendments (2014-2021 Housing Element and Land Use Appendix 16) a� Y 2.2 - LEAD AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS Q M City of San Bernardino 300 N."D"Street E San Bernardino,California 92418 w rn 2.3 - CONTACT PERSON AND PHONE NUMBER O z Tony Stewart,Acting Community Development Director 909-384-5357 rn N 2.4 - PROJECT LOCATION z The City of San Bernardino 2014-2021 Housing Element applies to all proposed and � existing residential and mixed-use zoning districts,as well as to General Plan land use designations that allow residential or mixed-use development within the municipal Cn boundaries of the City of San Bernardino. The proposed amendments to the General Plan Land Use Appendix recognize the existing unincorporated areas within the City's c Sphere of Influence (SOI). The City of San Bernardino is located in the County of San a Bernardino and is bounded by the Cities of Rialto to the west,Colton to the southwest, _ Loma Linda to the south,Redlands to the southeast,Highland to the east,and the San Bernardino National Forest to the north. The San Bernardino Freeway (Interstate 215) and the Foothill Freeway (State Route 210) provide regional access. The planning area r encompasses approximately 45,231 acres. Exhibit 1 (Regional Location and Vicinity a Map)illustrates the City's location within San Bernardino County and its local context. E 2.5 - PROJECT SPONSOR'S NAME AND ADDRESS a City of San Bernardino Community Development Department 300 N."D"Street-3rd Floor San Bernardino,California 92418 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet''°Pg. 351 II Section 2•Project Description — 2.6 - GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATIONS The existing residential and mixed-use land use designations that support housing development within the City of San Bernardino include those listed below in Table 1 (General Plan Residential Land Uses)? Table 1 General Plan Residential Land Uses - r Residential Estate(RE) Single-Family detached in an estate setting 1 du/ac Residential Low(RL) Single-Family detached in low-density setting 3.1 du/ac Residential Low-3.5(RL-3.5) Single-Family detached in suburban setting 3.5 du/ac w a� Single-Family detached in a high quality suburban N Residential Suburban(RS) setting 4.5 du/ac o Single/Multi-Family attached and detached,including townhouses,stacked flats,courtyard homes,small lot c Residential Urban(RU) subdivisions,and mobile home parks 9 du/ac N Multi-Family including townhouses,stacked flats, Z �+► courtyard homes,apartments and condominiums,as Residential Medium(RM) well as small lot single-family developments 14 du/ac Residential Medium High-20 'a (RMH-20) Multi-Family including apartments and condominiums 20 du/ac N Residential Medium High-24 Multi-family dwellings including apartments and E (RMH-24) condominiums 24 du/ac Multi-family dwellings including apartments and Residential High(RH) condominiums 36 du/ac Q c Local and regional serving retail,personal service, entertainment,office,related commercial uses and Commercial General(CG-1) limited residential uses with a CUP 0.7 floor area ratio r Local and regional serving retail,personal service, a entertainment,office,related commercial uses and Commercial General-2(CG-2) limited residential uses with a CUP 1.0 floor area ratio E Mixture of regional serving retail,service,office, outdoor dining,entertainment,cultural and residential Q Commercial Regional-2 (CR-2) uses that enhance the downtown area as the functional Residential Downtown and symbolic center of the City density:54 du/ac 2.7 - ZONING DISTRICTS Existing zoning districts that support residential development in San Bernardino are listed below in Table 2 (Residential Zoning Districts) along with the applicable development standards? 1 City of San Bernardino General Plan.Chapter 2:Land Use.2005. 2 City of San Bernardino. Development Code Title 19.2013. 8 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial`' Packet Pg. 352 Section 2;Project Description Table 2 Residential Zoning Districts IN 2111 1111 11: % Oil .- Residential Estate RE 1 du/ac Residential Low(RL) 3.1 du/ac Residential Low-3.5(RL-3.5) 3.5 du/ac W Residential Suburban RS 4.5 du ac j Residential Urban RU 9 du ac or 12 du ac if senior housing d Residential Medium(RM) 14 du ac or 18 du ac if senior housing E d Residential Medium High-20(RMH- w 20) 20 du/ac Residential Medium High RMH 24 du/ac or 36 du/ac:if senior housingN Residential High(RH) 36 du/ac or 47 du/ac if senior housing, _ Residential Student Housing " OverIa RSH) 20 units/acre and with no more than 60 bedrooms/acre rn 47 du/ac for senior citizen/senior congregate Commercial Office CO care housingo 47 du/ac for senior citizen/senior congregate Z Commercial General CG-1 care housing= 12 du/ac (Mount Vernon Avenue, Baseline Street, designated locations west of I-215) 21 du/ac acre N (Baseline Street and other designated locations east of I- Commercial General-2(CG-2) 215) Density Bonus of 50% for senior citizen/senior Q congregate care subject to approval of Conditional Use Permit E Commercial Regional Downtown CR-2 47 du/ac or 130 du/ac if senior housingY a w 2.8 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION E The project is the adoption and implementation of the San Bernardino General Plan 2014-2021 Housing Element and revisions to add Appendix 16 to the General Plan to a comply with SB 244 (referred to collectively as"General Plan Amendments"). Housing Element The Housing Element is one of seven required elements of the General Plan. It addresses existing and future housing needs of persons in all economic segment groups and serves as a tool for decision-makers and the public in understanding and meeting housing needs in San Bernardino. While the law does not require local governments to actually construct housing to meet identified needs, it does require that the community address housing needs in its discretionary planning actions by creating opportunities for housing in the land use plan and facilitating housing development through policy. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.353 Section 2• Project Description Statutory Requirements State law requires that all housing elements address four key topics:1)housing needs, 2) constraints to housing development, 3) housing resources, and 4) a housing plan. Analysis of these topics provides the foundation for the preparation of a housing element. Article 10.6,Section 65580- 65589.8,Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code sets forth the legal requirements for a housing element and encourages the provision of affordable and decent housing in suitable living environments for all communities to meet statewide goals. This 2014-2021 Housing Element update is a policy document of the City of San Bernardino regarding current and projected future housing needs, and the City's goals, policies, and programs to a address those identified needs, and represents a focused update to the City's adopted 2008-2014 Housing Element,which was found to be fully in compliance with State law E by the California Department of Housing and Community Development(HCD). 2 W rn Housing Needs N Several factors influence the demand for housing in San Bernardino and consistent o with State Housing Element law. The four major needs categories considered in the Housing Element include: 1)housing needs resulting from population growth,both in c the City and the surrounding region;2)housing needs resulting from overcrowding of N units; 3) housing needs that result when households are paying more than they can o afford for housing;and 4) housing needs of"special needs groups" such as the elderly, z large families, female-headed households, households with a physically or developmentally disabled person,farm workers,and the homeless. .a CO3 r The San Bernardino 2014-2021 Housing Element profiles key community demographics and examines the related housing needs of various groups, including owners versus renters, lower-income households, overcrowded households, elderly households, special needs groups,and homeless persons. This information is detailed a in the Housing Element. California housing element law requires that each city and county develop local o housing programs designed to meet their "fair share" of housing needs for all income a groups, based on projected population growth. The HCD Housing Policy Division develops Regional Housing Needs Assessments (RHNA) for each region of the State E represented by councils of governments. The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) determines the housing allocation for each city and county Q within its six-county jurisdiction. SCAG has assigned the City of San Bernardino a housing allocation of 4,384 units for the 2014-2021 planning period. Table 3 (Regional Housing Needs Assessment) identifies the total projected housing needs for the 2014- 2021 Housing Element. 10 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.354 Section 2:Project Description AVON I I Table 3 Regional Housing Needs Assessment ExtremeI Low 0-50% 0 0% Very Low 30-50% 980 22% Low 51-80% 696 16% Moderate 81-120% 808 19% a Above Moderate 120% + 1,900 43% Total 4,384 100% Source:SCAG 2013 m w rn Housing Opportunity Sites N The San Bernardino Housing Element identifies sites and future housing development o opportunities for the 2014-2021 planning period to meet the RHNA. San Bernardino has identified a variety of vacant and underutilized sites that can potentially accommodate 14,003 total units. These sites are described in the following pages and are identified in Exhibit 2. No changes to land use policy (designations or densities) o are proposed. Opportunity sites are identified based on existing land use policy to Z permit residential development, stated developer interest, location, and limited land value to improvement ratios. Vacant and Underutilized Land The proposed Housing Element identifies vacant mixed-use and residential sites within the City as well as one underutilized mixed-use site that would accommodate the 2014-2021 RHNA. Eleven vacant mixed-use sites totaling 10.7 acres could Q accommodate 200 units. These eleven sites are zoned CR-2, which permits high densities for residential development. In the CR-2 zone, senior housing may achieve densities of up to 130 units per acre and non-senior housing is permitted at 47 units per acre. The Carousel Mall mixed-use site is a 44.23-acre underutilized property Q identified in the Housing Element. The mall was opened in the 1970s and has been in C decline since the 1980s due to increasing competition from nearby regional shopping s centers. The mall is primarily vacant with the exception of a few retail stores, county 0 government and school district offices.The Carousel Mall property has the potential to a yield an estimated 885 units. This site would permit residential development at maximum densities of 47 units per acre and 130 units per acre for senior housing. See Table 4(Residential Capacity on Mixed-Use Sites). City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.355 Section 2•Project Description Table 4 Residential Capacity on Mixed-Use Sites Very Mixed-Use Site 1/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 1.48 29 Low/Low Very Mixed Use Site 2/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.67 15 Low/Low Very Mixed-Use Site 3/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.56 11 Low/Low Very = Mixed-Use Site 4/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.54 11 1 Low Low m E Very w Mixed-Use Site 5/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 1.01 1 20 Low/Low c Very N Mixed-Use Site 6/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.69 14 Low/Low Very Mixed-Use Site 7/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 1.07 21 Low/Low o M Very Mixed-Use Site 8/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.77 15 Low/Low o Z Very -a Mixed-Use Site 9/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 1.27 25 Low/Low Very Mixed-Use Site 10/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 1.30 25 Low/Low CO Very ti Mixed-Use Site 11/Vacant CR-2 47/130 sr. 0.71 14 Low/Low c Carousel Mall Mixed Use Very a Site/Underutilized CR-2 47/130 sr. 44.23 1 885 Low/Low = d Total 54.29 1,085 E R The primary resource for accommodating the 2014-2021 RHNA is residentially zoned a vacant land. There are approximately 4,100 acres (approximately 1,070 parcels) of 1 vacant land that could support approximately 12,918 new units. The majority of this E land is located in the northern,less urbanized area of the City.See Table 5 (Residential Capacity on Vacant Residential Sites). a 12 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.356 6.A.d Section 2:Project Description Table 5 Residential Capacity on Vacant Residential Sites E Residential Above Estate RE 1 490.2 392 Moderate Residential Low (and Low 3.5) Above RL 3.1 or 3.5 2,735.2 6,844 Moderate a Residential Above Suburban RS 4.5 525.2 1,922 Moderate = d E a, Residential Above W Urban RU 8/12 sr. 142.8 1,134 Moderate c Residential 3 0 Medium(RM) 12/18 sr. 178.2 1,963 Moderate = Residential Medium High Very N RMH 24/36 sr. 23.5 513 Low Low o Residential High Very z RH 31/47 sr. 1 5.5 150 Low/Low c ns Total 4,100 12,918 r Housing Plan CO) The stated objective of the Housing Element is to facilitate and encourage housing that fulfills the diverse needs of the community. To achieve this goal, the Housing Plan identifies long-term housing goals and supporting policies to address housing needs. Q r The goals and policies are then implemented through a series of housing programs. Programs identify specific actions the City plans to undertake toward achieving each E goal and policy. The goals identified in the Housing Element are listed below. w w a Goal H3.1 Identify adequate sites for a variety of housing types d E Goal H3.2: Conserve and improve the existing affordable housing stock and revitalize deteriorating neighborhoods. w a Goal H3.3: Assist in the provision of housing affordable to lower and moderate-income households. Goal H3.4 Promote equal housing opportunities f or all persons in San Bernardino. Goal H3.5 Reduce the adverse effects of governmental actions on the production, preservation, and conservation of housing, particularly for lower-and moderate-income households. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.357 Section 2•Project Description Goal H3.6 Reduce the amount of energy expended on the construction, conservation,and preservation of housing. Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities--SB 244 (Land Use Element Appendix) As required by Senate Bill 244 (codified in Sections 56375, 56425, and 56430, 53082.5, 56033.5,and 65302.10 of the Government Code and Section 13481.7 of the Water Code), Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required to be identified in a cites General Plan, along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities. DUCs are defined as inhabited unincorporated areas with an annual median household income = (MHI) that is less than 80 percent of the statewide annual MHI. Based on 2011 Census data from the American Community Survey, the California annual MHI was $61,632, d 80 percent of which is$49,306. w rn .N DUCs can be in the form of a "fringe" or "island" community. "Fringe community- 0 means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is within a city's sphere of influence but not surrounded on all sides by the city. "Island community" means any c inhabited and unincorporated territory that is surrounded or substantially surrounded N by one or more cities or by one or more cities and a county boundary or the Pacific o Ocean.Seven areas within the City of San Bernardino's sphere of influence have been z identified as DUCs (see Exhibit 3). Additional unincorporated areas within the City's = sphere exist, but they are not defined as DUCs due to either an annual MHI that is above the criteria stated above or a lack of population(fewer than 10 dwelling units). 2 Within the City of San Bernardino Sphere of Influence, there is one fringe and six island communities identified as Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs). These areas have been identified based on local annual median household a income as compared to the State annual median household income. In General, most areas in the DUCs within the City of San Bernardino Sphere of c Influence have infrastructure services at levels similar to that found within City limits. Services are provided in the DUCs by the following entities: E Water Service: Muscoy Mutual Water Company R San Bernardino City Municipal Water Department a East Valle Water District Wastewater Service: City of San Bernardino Public Works Department East Valley Water District Flood Control Facilities: City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments) San Bernardino County Flood Control District Fire Protection Services: San Bernardino City Fire Department San Bernardino County Fire Department 14 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initia Packet Pg.358 Section 2:Project Description The 2010 San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water Mana g ement Plan (UWMP) shows that water supplied for the areas will meet or exceed demands in a normal year, a single-dry year, and a multiple-dry year period. The service providers have indicated that there are continual upgrades and maintenance to the waters stem. Pg Y Specific deficiencies have been identified in DUC 6.To address these deficiencies,East Valley Water District (EVWD) is currently replacing the entire water system in these areas with new 8-inch ductile iron pipe, fire hydrants and new water services and meters. ` Wastewater collection facilities within DUCs 3,4,5, 6, and 7 are owned and operated by the East Valley Water District(EVWD).System deficiencies have been identified in the uppermost parts of DUC 6 where there is no sewer service and there is no sanitary sewer system planned. EVWD serves three out of the six streets in DUC 6 with sewer service. The other three streets are served by leach and septic systems that are over 50 2 years old and in need of replacement. C N Storm drain and flood control facilities within the DUCs are managed by the City of o San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments) and San Bernardino County Flood Control District. Flood hazard maps provided by the Federal Q Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), year 2008, indicate that many portions of the City and its Sphere of Influence are identified as having a minimal or moderate o flood risk. z �. The DUCs are adequately served by fire services. The distance from the closest fire � station to any of the DUCs is at most two miles.This distance is close enough to allow rn for adequate response time for urban uses within nine minutes, pursuant to National Fire Protection Association response time standards. Area Descriptions Q The DUCs are indicated graphically in Exhibit 3. DUC 1(Muscoy Census Designated Place,fringe) w w • Census Tract 4101,Block Group 2(portion) a • Census Tract 4103,Block Groups 1 and 3 (portions) • Census Tract 4104,Block Group 2(portion) L v R As shown in Exhibit 3, DUC 1 is located along the western edge of the City and is Q commonly known as the community of Muscoy. Muscoy is a Census Designated Place (CDP). According to the U.S. Census Bureau, a CDP is "a statistical counterpart of incorporated places...delineated to provide data for settled concentrations of population that are identifiable by name but are not legally incorporated under the laws of the state in which they are located."The community consists primarily of large lot, rural-type residential development, with animal raising uses and vegetable gardening still common in the area. According to the San Bernardino County Muscoy Community Plan, Muscoy residents have expressed a strong desire to remain rural and want future development to be compatible with the rural character of their community. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.359' Section 2•Project Description DUC 2(island) • Census Tract 4505,Block Group 2(portion) • Census Tract 4507,Block Group 1 DUC 2 is located Just northeast of the Interstate 215 and State Route 210 junction, southeast of California State University, San Bernardino and Kendall Drive on the west.The area is known as Arrowhead Farms and is located in the University District. Land uses consist primarily of large-lot single-family detached residences in a low- density,rural setting. DUC 3(island) e. • Census Tract 6100,Block Group 4(portion) c • Census Tract 6203,Block Group 2(portion) a� w DUC 4(island) • Census Tract 6100,Block Groups 3 and 4 (portions) •9 • Census Tract 6203,Block Group 1 (portion) DUC 5(island) • Census Tract 6203,Block Group 1 (portion) • Census Tract 6204,Block Group 1 (portion) Z DUCs 3, 4, and 5 are located in close proximity to each other immediately north of m State Route 210 (Foothill Freeway). These DUCs are fully developed primarily with single-family homes. A mobile home park comprises most of DUC 3. The land use N pattern in these three DUCs is similar to the land use pattern in adjacent areas within City Iimits. c DUC 6(island) a • Census Tract 6301,Block Group 4(portion) • Census Tract 6302,Block Groups 3 and 4(portions) CU V r DUC 6 is located south of State Route 210 (Foothill Freeway) and north of Highland a Creek. The area is bisected by Pacific Street. This DUC is fully developed primarily with single-family homes. The land use pattern in DUC 6 is similar to the land use .Ec pattern in adjacent areas within City limits. r Q DUC 7(island) • Census Tract 6401,Block Group 2(portion) • Census Tract 6302,Block Group 1,2,3,and 4(portions) DUC 7 is located north of Third Street between Waterman and Tippecanoe Avenues, and northwest of San Bernardino International Airport. This DUC is fully developed with residential, industrial, and some commercial and public uses. The land use pattern in DUC 7 is similar to the land use pattern in adjacent areas within City limits DUC 1 is characterized by very low density, rural type development and based on expressed community desire,is expected to remain as such. In DUCs 2,3,4,5,6,and 7, 16 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.360 6.A.d Section 2:Project Description ent within these areas is not anticipated substantial additional development to occur p because the established uses are built consistent with the General Plan land use designations. Individual development projects would need to fund expansion of services through private funding. With the exception of the Muscoy Mutual Water Company, most system deficiencies identified by service providers are not specific to DUCs but to the service providers' regional system. The service providers have capital improvement plans in place to address current and future deficiencies and in specific cases are actively working to address those deficiencies. Some identified deficiencies, specifically lack of service, that are specific to a small portion of the DUCs have been identified and the respective j service providers have expressed a desire to pursue funding to extend services to these = areas. °' E d w 2.9 - PROJECT OBJECTIVES .N The goals, policies, and programs in the Housing Element build upon the identified o housing needs in the community, constraints confronting the City, and resources available to address the housing needs. San Bernardino's housing goals,policies,and c programs address the following six major areas: N 0 • Adequate sites for new housing a • Housing and neighborhood preservation • Affordable housing assistance -a • Equal housing opportunity N Removal of governmental constraints to housing �a • Energy Conservation E Q The General Plan amendment to add information related to disadvantaged = unincorporated communities is intended to comply with State law (SB 244) regarding General Plan content. w 2.10 - SURROUNDING LAND USES a The Opportunity Sites shown in Exhibit 2 (Sites Inventory Map) are located throughout the City. The majority are generally located in the northern,less urbanized area of the City. The southern more urbanized area of the City, including the a downtown area, is denser and could support a large amount of multifamily housing. Given the variety of sites and locations, it is difficult to provide specific surrounding land use information for every site, and furthermore it is not necessary due to the programmatic nature of the Housing Element(i.e. no particular development project is authorized). Six of the DUCs identified pursuant to SB 244 are located within"island" communities in the north central and eastern portions of the City. One DUC is a "fringe" community located on the western boundary of the City. Surrounding land uses are generally similar to uses within the DUCs. 2.11 - ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.361 Section 2•Project Description i The City of San Bernardino is located in southwestern San Bernardino County, 60 Th ty t3' miles east of Los Angeles. Located in the upper Santa Ana River Valley, the City lies on gently sloping lowland located at the southwest margin of the San Bernardino Mountains. The valley is framed by the San Bernardino Mountains on the northeast and east,the Blue Mountains and Box Springs Mountains (abutting the Cities of Lorna Linda and Redlands)to the south,and the San Gabriel Mountains and the Jurupa Hills to the northwest and southwest.Major freeways traversing the City include I-10,I-215, SR-210,SR-18,SR-330,SR-30,and SR-259. The City's total planning area,including the Sphere of Influence is 45,231 acres (71 square miles). This includes 38,402 acres (60 square miles) of incorporated territory and 6,829 acres (11 square miles) of unincorporated lands. San Bernardino's pattern of land uses transitions from a predominantly industrial near the Santa Ana River and the San Bernardino International Airport and Trade Center to predominantly residential toward the mountains,with a substantial commercial and industrial core at the center. d w San Bernardino is primarily built out, with a suburban character. Cities surrounding San Bernardino are also generally fully developed and with similar layout,design,and 0 character. The San Bernardino Mountains are located north of the City. See Exhibit 2 = for general locations Housing Element Opportunity Sites. With regard to c disadvantaged unincorporated communities (see Exhibit 3),existing uses are generally N consistent with the San Bernardino General Plan Land Use Element. o z 2.12 - REQUIRED CITY APPROVALS M The City Council must approve a General Plan Amendment to: 1) incorporate the 2014-2021 Housing Element into the General Plan and 2) adopt the new co Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities section as an appendix to the Land Use Element(General Plan Appendix 16). a Y 2.13 - OTHER AGENCY APPROVALS The State of California,Department of Housing and Community Development(HCD) w is reviewing the draft Housing Element for compliance with State law.Once adopted, HCD will again review the Housing Element, pursuant to Article 10.6 of the Government Code. 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W E d W �N 7 O This Page Intentionally Left Blank 0 rn N 0 Z C t0 A 7 a� Cn C Q C d E t V f� w Q i-� G d E V c0 r+ w Q 20 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg. 364 •'�°V,rienrit;l�a�i�lo�t#[a1Sit�s., j �m►h>tQtivn'�li.cclUso•Sitss: `'4:, +� l�.r.•� : 'mixed lwo`SttoNwnfior A CL LU pc. arww��. C , .. o (7t- -Y ,a N ♦� r rw y yr Z I-Y. �! �i. - �� i• , '� itri - .�I. *y ! E V a runt n sai-A �n�din i I.yit` ri t[IlLj .Yxu1C'1-w- _' .t...'u'rJ E etri � tf�lil� a U f1+1, L Y I' t OJA -� - Source:Gty of San Bernardino Housing Element Exhibit 2 Sites Inventory Ma, Hogle-Ireland City of San Bernardino Housing Elem Packet Pg. 365 Section 2•Project Description a� ° v CL (D E a, w rn _ 7 This Page Intentionally Left Blank ° x 0 rn N O Z _ ns A .a 7 U) r Q C E t U R Q a+ _ d E t U R Q 22 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Inida Packet Pg. 366 � $ r G b� a n r t % richr: ry t ^<:1 ff T m � (331) ; ' � q .A :`r# .}� r f/r ';,u'i t S'.tIry 5y ®. Flf 1§.3 k•i.. t.3.A .,� -rrr auk Ila, t t Yg� AM JAV, i 5 t 1#t�" su !F tc 11° ■ all °.� 4 r a / 3 ;fit >• ����}� &7y i ws•••■n t. rfl Al ,lit�{��� � � 3 _ 7��! n �'�•� ' 1 1 MAN tk R tr,a i r I I { 6.A.d Section 2:Project Description m w ca �a a _ E M w rn ' N This Page Intentionally Left Blank x° 0 as N 0 z _ R 7 .w+ cn R �C Q _ d E V R a _ E s r w Q 24 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg. 368 s.a.d Section 3:Determination Section I DETERMINATION 3.1 - ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED ❑ Aesthetics ❑ Agriculture Resources ❑ Air Quality ❑ Biological Resources ❑ Cultural Resources ❑ Geology/Soils ❑ Hazards&Hazardous Materials ❑ HydroIogy/ Water Quality ❑ Land Use/ Planning ❑ Mineral Resources ❑ Noise ❑ Population/ Housing Y ❑ Public Services ❑ Recreation El Transportation/Traffic m ❑ Utilities/Service Systems ❑ Mandatory Findings of Significance a� 3.2 - DETERMINATION On the basis of this initial evaluation: 0 rn I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment,and a ® NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. Z I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment,there will = ❑ not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to >, by the project proponent.A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. r U) ❑ I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment,and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required. c I find that the proposed project MAY have a"potentially significant impact"or"potentially significant a unless mitigated"impact on the environment,but at least one effect 1)has been adequately analyzed = ❑ in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards,and 2)has been addressed by E mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required,but it must analyze only the effects that remain to r be addressed. Q c I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment,because all potentially significant effects(a)have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or NEGATIVE ❑ DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards,and(b)have been avoided or mitigated pursuant ;a to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION,including revisions or mitigation measures that Q are imposed upon the propo ed project,nothing further is required. r r� Tony Stewar ,Acting Community Development Director Date City of San Bernardino Q City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg. 369 Section 3:Determination 1 CL M c d E d w 0 c This Page Intentionally Left Blank 0 x 0 rn N 0 Z C t6 7 r U) fC Q r C E t V Q r C G1 E L V w Q 26 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.370 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Section 4: EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 4.1 - AESTHETICS Would the project: as Potentially Less Than Less Than No a Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Mitigation Impact Incorporation E a, a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a ❑ ❑ ® ❑ w scenic vista? c b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock ❑ ❑ ® ❑ outcroppings, and historic buildings c within a state scenic highway? c) Substantially degrade the existing visual Z character or quality of the site and its ❑ ❑ 0 ® ❑ -a surroundings? m a d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect ❑ ❑ ® ❑ N day or nighttime views in the area? .E a) Less than Significant Impact. A scenic vista is defined by a generally uninterrupted a view of the horizon, creating an aesthetic viewpoint. Scenic vistas can be impacted by development in two ways. First, a structure may be constructed that blocks a vista. _ Second,the vista itself may be altered(i.e.,development on a scenic hillside). w r a The City's General Plan EIR identified the adjacent San Bernardino Mountains to the north as the primary scenic resource of the City. The City is located within a low-lying valley that is framed by the San Bernardino Mountains on the northeast and east, Blue Mountain and Box Spring Mountains to the south, and the San Gabriel Mountains and the Jurupa Hills to the northwest and southwest. a Since the proposed Housing Element and development on the related opportunity sites would be consistent with the land uses and intensities analyzed in the General Plan EIR, no additional impacts beyond those analyzed in the General Plan EIR would occur. The proposed General Plan amendments associated with Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose or anticipate any specific development proposals or infrastructure construction. Therefore,these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.371 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts addressed in the General Plan EIR. Therefore, less than significant impacts to scenic vistas would result from implementation of the proposed Housing Element. b) Less than Significant Impact. There are no designated State Scenic Highways located within the City of San Bernardino or sphere of influence (SOI) areas. However, two roadways within the City have been nominated for official Scenic Highway status.3 The portion of State Route 30 south of State Route 330 and the portion of State Route 330 that passes through the City are designated as Eligible Scenic Highways.4 The City of San Bernardino Development Code (Title 19 of the City Municipal Code) contains a Hillside Management Overlay District (Chapter 19.17). The purpose of this overlay district is to provide for low-density residential development in the City's = hillside areas and to ensure that this development occurs in a manner which protects the E hillside's natural and topographic character and identity, environmental sensitivities, aesthetic qualities, and the public health, safety, and general welfare. It is the intent to encourage a sensitive form of development while still allowing for residential uses S which complement the natural and visual character of the City and its hillsides. Policies c include the preservation of visually significant rock outcroppings. In addition, General Plan Circulation Policies 6.4.4 through 6.4.7 ensure the preservation of scenic highways c by requiring compatible design within scenic highway corridors,requiring dedication of N scenic easements,and utilizing contour grading and slope rounding. o Z Compliance with General Plan policies and the Hillside Management Overlay District development standards will ensure that there will be less than significant impacts to eligible scenic highways. co R General Plan Circulation Policies c Policy 6.4.4 Design developments within designated and eligible scenic highway a corridors to balance the objectives of maintaining scenic resources with accommodating compatible land uses. Policy 6.4.5 Encourage joint efforts among federal, state, county, and City agencies a and citizen groups to ensure compatible development within scenic corridors. E E r Policy 6.4.6 Impose conditions on development within scenic highway corridors a requiring dedication of scenic easements consistent with the Scenic Highways Plan,when it is necessary to preserve unique or special visual features. Policy 6.4.7 Utilize contour grading and slope rounding to gradually transition graded road slopes into a natural configuration consistent with the topography of the areas within scenic highway corridors. 3 City of San Bernardino General Plan.Chapter 6:Circulation.2005. 4 California Department of Transportation. California Scenic Highway Mapping System. San Bernardino County. www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/scenic-highways/index.htm[November 22,2013] 28 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial FPacket Pg.372 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts c) Less than Significant Impact. Future housing development could change the on and off-site visual character of the area in which it is constructed. The City is largely built out and the visual character of the City is suburbanized. Regarding the identified Housing Element opportunity sites to meet the RHNA, the change would generally be from vacant residential and mixed-use as well as underutilized mixed-use to low, medium, and high-density residential and mixed-use development. Future housing development guided by the policies of the proposed Housing Element will be subject to the policies of the General Plan. The Community Design Chapter of the General Plan requires the implementation of good design based upon adopted development standards and guidelines. The proposed Housing Element does not include any C changes in land use or intensity. Therefore, with implementation of adopted General = Plan policies, future housing and mixed-use constructed pursuant to the Housing E Element update will have a less than significant impact on the visual character and w quality of the City. The proposed General Plan amendments associated with = Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose.or anticipate any specific development proposals or = infrastructure construction. Therefore,these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan EIR. N d) Less than Significant Impact. Future housing development would result in new Z sources of lighting. Typical light sources from a single-family home would include -� outdoor security lighting. Multiple-family residential developments would generally a include outdoor security lighting and parking lot lights, depending on the type of development. Future housing development will be required to conform to the lighting N standards outlined in the City's Development Code (19.20-14 Property Development Standards).Title 19 of the of the City's Municipal Code requires that all exterior lighting shall be shielded or recessed so that direct glare and reflections are constrained within the boundaries of the parcel, and shall be stationary and deflected away from all Q d adjacent properties and public streets or rights-of-way.Pursuant to these standards, day E and nighttime views will not be adversely affected because lighting will be appropriately shielded .and glare will be minimized. New development will be r evaluated during the City's standard design and environmental review processes to a ensure that future development complies with these standards. With implementation of a existing standards and procedures, impacts from light and glare will be less than E significant. Y Y Q City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.373 ` Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts I 4,2 - AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state's inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range ; Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project;and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. M Would the project: E Potentially Less Than Less Than No w Significant Significant Significant Impact rn Impact with Mitigation Impact S Incorporation o x a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide 0 Importance(Farmland),as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the ❑ ❑ ❑ ® p Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Z Program of the California Resources c Agency,to non-agricultural use? b) Conflict with existing zoning for N agricultural use, or a Williamson Act ❑ ❑ ❑ contract? c c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or Q cause rezoning of,forest land(as defined = in Public Resources Code section 12220 E (g)), timberland as defined by,Public Resources Code section 4526), or ❑ ❑ ❑ ® r timberland zoned Timberland a Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? E E s d) Result in the loss of forest land or c� conversion of forest land to non-forest ❑ ❑ ❑ ® Q use? e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which,due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of ❑ ❑ ❑ Farmland, to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? a) No Impact. No land in the City of San Bernardino is designated as Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance according to the California 30 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.374 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Department of Conservation,Division of Land Resource Protection.5 No Impact would occur. b) No Impact. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Amendments will not conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract. According to the California Department of Conservation,no land in the City is under a Williamson Act contract 6 Furthermore,the City has no agricultural zoning districts. No impact would result. d c) No Impact. No properties in the City are zoned for forest land, timberland, or Timberland Production as defined by Public Resources Code Section 12220(g) as land that can support 10-percent native tree cover of any species, including hardwoods, under natural conditions, and that allows for management of one or more forest E resources, including timber, aesthetics, fish and wildlife, biodiversity, water quality, w recreation,and other public benefits. No impact will occur. _ .y d) No Impact. The City is bounded to the north by the San Bernardino National Forest. There are no proposed land use changes associated with the project that would affect areas designated as open space in the northern portion of the planning area. No new o development would be permitted as a result of this project than would otherwise be permitted under the existing General Plan. Therefore,there will be no loss of forest land Z or conversion of forest land as a result of implementation of the proposed General Plan -� Amendments.? 0 e) No Impact. There are no agricultural operations within the City and no changes are Cn proposed that would affect forest land. No impact related to the conversion of agricultural or forest lands would occur. a E a w CD E R r a 5 California Department of Conservation. Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program,San Bernardino County Important Farmland.2010.ftp://ftp.consrv.ca.gov/pub/dlrp/FMMP/pdf/2010/sbdlo_so.pdf [November 25,20131 6 California Department of Conservation. Agricultural Preserves 2004:Williamson Act Parcels,San Bernardino County,California. ftp://ftp.consrv.ca.gov/pub/dlrp/wa/sanbernardino_so_12_13_WA.pdf[November 25,2013] 7 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. Statewide Land Cover Map. http://f rap.fire.ca.gov/data/frapgismaps-Iandcover2006_download.php 2006. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg. 375 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.3 - AIR QUALITY Where available,the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No IF Significant Significant Significant Impact -tea Impact with Impact 0 Mitigation = Incorporation a Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? ❑ ❑ El _ b) Violate any air quality standard or N contribute substantially to an existing or L1 ❑ ® El _ projected air quality violation? 0 c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net °' increase of any criteria pollutant for 0 which the project region is non- Z attainment under an applicable federal ❑ ❑ ® ❑ _ or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which 0 exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone to precursors)? d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? El El ® ❑ Q e) Create objectionable odors affecting a ❑ ❑ ❑ substantial number of people? a w a) No Impact. The City of San Bernardino is located within the South Coast Air Basin (Basin) under the jurisdiction of the South Coast Air Quality Management District s (SCAQMD). SCAQMD and the Southern California Association of Governments o (SCAG) are responsible for formulating and implementing the Air Quality q Management Plan (AQMP) for the basin. The AQMP is a series of plans adopted for the purpose of reaching short- and long-term goals for those pollutants for which the basin is designated as a"nonattainment" area because it does not meet federal and/or State Ambient Air Quality Standards (AAQS). To determine consistency between the project and the AQMP, the project must comply with all applicable SCAQMD rules and regulations, comply with all proposed or adopted control measures, and be consistent with the growth forecasts utilized in preparation of the Plan. A significant impact could occur if the proposed project conflicts with or obstructs implementation of the South Coast Air Basin 2012 AQMP. Conflicts and obstructions that hinder implementation of the AQMP can delay .efforts to meet attainment 32 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg. 376 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts deadlines for criteria pollutants and maintaining existing compliance with applicable air quality standards. Pursuant to the methodology provided in Chapter 12 of the 1993 SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook, consistency with the South Coast Air Basin 2012 AQMP is affirmed when a project: 1) does not increase the frequency or severity of an air quality standards violation or cause a new violation and 2) is consistent with the growth assumptions in the AQMP. Consistency review is presented below. 1. The project (including potential future housing development facilitated by Housing Element policy on proposed opportunity sites) implements land use policy previously analyzed in the General Plan EIR. No changes to land use of C intensity are proposed. Thus,no impacts beyond those previously identified will = result from Housing Element adoption and implementation. No new E development is associated with the General Plan Amendments proposed d w pursuant to SB 244. 2. The CEQA Air Quality Handbook indicates that consistency with AQMP growth assumptions must be analyzed for new or amended General Plan elements, Specific Plans, and "significant projects." Significant projects include airports, electrical generating facilities, petroleum and gas refineries, designation of oil N drilling districts, water ports, solid waste disposal sites, and off-shore drilling Z 0 facilities. The project consists of a General Plan Amendment to update the .a proposed 2014-2021 Housing Element and addition of Appendix 16 to the General Plan to comply with SB 244;therefore,consistency analysis is required. -a The Housing Element identifies vacant and underutilized sites that can accommodate future residential development pursuant to existing land use policy.. The identified c sites could result in approximately 14,003 new dwelling units and 47,890 new residents (14,003 dwelling units at 3.42 persons per household). SCAG provides population projection estimates in five-year increments from 2005 to 2035. According to the latest growth forecast (2012), SCAG estimates that the City would have a population of 261,400 and the County would have a population of 2,750,000 in 2035.8 SCAG growth projections are utilized as the basis for both the Regional Transportation a Plan (RTP) and the AQMP: Build-out of the General Plan would accommodate approximately 95,664 dwelling units for a population of 319,241 persons (General Plan E Land Use Chapter), slightly higher than projected by SCAG, and thus provides sufficient residential land uses to accommodate growth projections for the City. In Q addition, the proposed Housing Element and identified sites are projected to meet the City's allocated RHNA,which is a function of the City's projected long-term growth. Therefore,by providing sites for housing sufficient to achieve the RHNA,the Housing Element is contributing in the short term toward consistency with long-term growth projections and the 2012 AQMP. The proposed Housing Element does not propose densities higher than already permitted in the General Plan (which were utilized in preparation of the 2012 RTP); thus, implementation will not result in an increase in 8 Southern California Association of Governments.Adopted Growth Forecast. http•//rh2scs scAg.ca_gov/Documents/2012/fugal/SR/2012fRTP GrowthForecast.pdf[November 25, 2013] City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.377 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts population and households over that contemplated in the RTP and AQMP. These increases are within the growth assumptions estimated by SCAG and therefore would not result in a conflict with or obstruction of the AQMP. No new development is associated with the General Plan Amendments proposed pursuant to SB 244. These amendments furthermore would have no growth-inducing impacts as the unincorporated disadvantaged communities identified are already developed at intensities consistent with General Plan policy. Based on the consistency analysis presented above, the proposed project will not conflict with the AQMP;no impact will occur. Q. M b) Less than Significant Impact. Because the proposed Housing Element and General = Plan Amendments pursuant to SB 244 do not authorize any development project or E land altering activity that would involve construction of new or redeveloped housing d or any other development project, these amendments will not result in any direct rn emissions that could contribute to an existing or potential violation of an air quality N standard. The General Plan Amendments would have no effect on rules and o procedures governing assessment or control of air pollutant emissions. 0 The proposed General Plan Amendments will not directly result in construction of any N development or infrastructure;however,future residential development supported by o the policies of the updated Housing Element will result in short-term criteria pollutant Z emissions. Short-term criteria pollutant emissions will occur during site preparation, grading, building construction, paving, and painting activities associated with new -a development. Emissions will occur from use of equipment, worker, vendor, and co hauling trips,and disturbance of onsite soils (fugitive dust). Pursuant to CEQA,short- term, construction-related emissions will be analyzed on a project-specific basis. Mitigation will be applied, where necessary. Such mitigation typically includes requirements for use of law-VOC paints, installation of diesel particulate filters on a older construction equipment, and limitations on hauling distances and/or daily trips. To address operational emissions from a typical development project, an air quality cu modeling analysis is typically performed to determine if a project could regionally or a locally cause a violation of any air quality standard. Using the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod),long-term emissions from development of the potential E Housing Element opportunity sites were modeled (see Appendix A, Air Quality Modeling Data). The analysis of operational emissions does not take into L consideration the reduction of emissions from the demolition of existing land uses on the identified underutilized site. Table 6 (Housing Element Sites Operational Daily Emissions) summarizes the operational daily emissions. There are no established daily emissions thresholds for program-level environmental analysis. Analysis of program-level air quality impacts are assessed through consistency with the AQMP and identification of policies, regulations, and rules that will reduce pollutant emissions from future development projects. Since these emissions do not account for the net change in emissions from the demolition of existing land uses on the underutilized site, the emissions presented are a conservative or worst-case estimate. The following emissions summary is provided solely for disclosure purposes. 34 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial "Packet Pg. 378 6.A.d Section 4:Evaluation of EnvironmenU I Impacts Table 6 Housing Element Sites Operational Daily Emissions(lbs/day) Summer Area Sources 863.51 69.36 5,100.78 11.26 571.98 571.80 Energy Demand 10.85 92.75 39.47 0.59 7.50 7.50 Mobile Sources 357.85 940.18 4,105.42 13.82 938.09 262.09 °1 Summer Total 1,232.21 1,102.28 9,254.66 25.67 1,517.57 841.39 a Winter Area Sources 863.51 69.36 5,100.78 11.26 571.98 571.80 E E m Energy Demand 10.85 92.75 39.47 0.59 7.50 7.50 w Mobile Sources 367.68 988.54 4,042.29 1112 938.14 262.13 Winter Total 1,242.04 1,150.64 9,182.53 24.97 1,517.62 841.43 c x Any future proposed development project would be subject to SCAQMD's rules and o regulations. The City of San Bernardino General Plan Natural Resources and Conservation Chapter's Air Quality section includes goals and policies that require Z analysis of air quality impacts, encourage mixed-use development, pedestrian- 'a oriented design,and transit use to reduce pollutant emissions. No land use changes or a changes in intensity are proposed as part of the proposed project. With application of SCAQMD rules and the General Plan Air Quality goals and policies,no new or more significant impacts relative to air quality standards would result from implementation Ta of the General Plan Amendments beyond those analyzed in the General Plan EIR. Because the proposed General Plan Amendments are consistent with the AQMP (see Q Section 4.3.a) and future development projects supported by the proposed project will = be subject to environmental review to ensure that daily criteria pollutant thresholds will not be exceeded,impacts will be less than significant. �a w r c) Less than Significant Impact. SCAQMD has prepared an Air Quality Management a Plan to set forth a comprehensive and integrated program that will lead the Basin into compliance with the federal 24-hour PM2.5 air quality standard, and to provide an E update to the SCAQMD's commitments toward meeting the federal 8-hour ozone standards. The Basin is currently in non-attainment for State and Federal criteria Q pollutants ozone,nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter(PM2.5 and PM,o)9 New development facilitated by the Housing Element update (pursuant to existing General Plan land use policy) will be required to comply with SCAQMD rules and regulations aimed at reducing construction-related pollutant emissions, including fugitive dust and other particulates, as well as reactive organic compounds and other ozone precursors found in paints and other coatings. Considering that the proposed General Plan Amendments are consistent with General Plan land use policy and the 4 United States Environmental Protection Agency. The Green Book Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants. www.el2a.gov/oar/oagps/greenbk/index.html[May 29,2013] City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg..379' 6.A.d Section 4: Evaluation of Environmental Impacts breadth of existing standards and regulations,implementation of the proposed project would not change or otherwise interfere with the regional pollutant control strategies of the AQMP. The project's impact on cumulative levels of regional ozone or particulates is therefore less than significant. d) Less than Significant Impact. Common sensitive receptors include children under age 14, the elderly over age 65, athletes, and people with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. The project promotes development of housing that could likely accommodate children and the elderly; however, the proposed Housing Element d update does not authorize construction or redevelopment of any housing units. The proposed General Plan amendments associated with Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose = or anticipate any specific development proposals or infrastructure construction. E Through its standard development review process that includes review pursuant to w State CEQA statutes and guidelines,the City will ensure that any future development c projects developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Amendments provide adequate protection for residents from any local air pollution sources. Project impacts = on sensitive receptors would be less than significant. 0 e) No Impact. Residential land uses typically do not create objectionable odors. No new odor sources would result from adoption of the proposed Housing Element and o General Plan Amendment because it does not authorize construction of any new -Za housing project, redevelopment of any existing property, or any particular infrastructure construction project. No impact will occur. r w - a c E r a w E w a I 36 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.,-3,80---1 6.A.d e Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.4 - BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat a modifications, on any species identified D as a candidate,sensitive,orspecial status I = species in local or regional plans, ❑ ❑ ❑ ® E policies, or regulations, or by the a� W California Department of Fish and Game or U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service? U) b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any = riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional ° plans, policies, regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game z or US Fish and Wildlife Service? -a c c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act Cn (including, but not limited to, marsh, ❑ ❑ ❑ ® t6 vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct c removal, filling, hydrological ' interruption,or other means? m d) Interfere substantially with the t movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with ❑ ❑ El ® Q established native resident or migratory :j wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? E L V e) Conflict with any local policies or w ordinances protecting biological ❑ ❑ ❑ ® Q resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, ❑ ❑ ❑ or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? City of San Bernardino General flan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.381' Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts a) No Impact.Much of the City of San Bernardino has undergone extensive disturbance by agricultural and urban land uses, and therefore, supports a decreased diversity of plant and animal life. However, several sensitive biological areas do exist. These areas are closely associated with the Santa Ana River and its tributaries and with the aquatic and woodland communities of the San Bernardino Mountains.According to the USFWS, the City of San Bernardino falls within the Critical Habitat of the endangered San Bernardino Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys mirriami parvus), endangered Southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) and threatened Santa Ana sucker (Catostomus santaanae)10 These designated critical habitat areas are primarily located along the Santa Ana River, City Creek, Cajon Creek Wash and Lytle Creek Wash.Critical habitat for the San Bernardino Merriam's kangaroo rat is located in the far northwest corner of the City in proximity to proposed Housing Element opportunity = sites. Critical habitat for the San Bernardino Merriam's kangaroo rat and the Santa Ana sucker also exists near the intersection of SR-330 and SR-210 in the northeast portion of d the City in proximity to proposed Housing Element opportunity site locations. The San a, Bernardino General Plan EIR lists additional sensitive animal and plant species that are N potentially present within the City and surrounding areas 11 Policies exist within the General Plan that require the protection of biological resources. The General Plan Natural Resources and Conservation Chapter identifies Biological Resource Management Areas (BRM) and contains policies related to the protection of Z biological resources. Policies 12.1.1-12.1.4 require that the City maintain current .� information regarding the status and location of sensitive species and communities, develop land in a manner that minimizes that impacts to sensitive biological resources, -� and require development in the BRM be subject to review by the Environmental Review CO Committee. Development within the BRM requires a report written by a qualified - professional outlining the project's impact on sensitive species,any necessary mitigation c measures,a mitigation monitoring program and a habitat restoration discussion a r No changes are proposed to land use policy that would result in a different or more severe impact than previously concluded in the General Plan EIR. No construction projects are proposed as part of the proposed General Plan Amendments. All future development will be subject to individual CEQA review that will include.assessment of a any potential impacts to sensitive species and their habitat.The proposed project would, therefore,not have an adverse effect on any species identified as a candidate,sensitive, E or special-status species in local or regional plans or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service. Q b) No Impact. Much of the City of San Bernardino has undergone extensive disturbance by agricultural and urban land uses, and therefore, supports a decreased diversity of plant and animal life. However, sensitive biological areas do exist along several of the City's riparian corridors.The Santa Ana River, City Creek,Little Creek Wash,and Cajon ' to United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Critical Habitat Portal.http://criticalhabitat.fws.gov/crithab/ (November 25,2013) 11 City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR. Chapter 5: Environmental Analysis. Table 5.3-1,Table 5.3-2. 120051 38 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.382 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Creek Wash contain potential habitat for Federal threatened and endangered species.12 The Housing Element opportunity sites are located throughout the City with some of these sites located in close proximity to these riparian areas. The City's Development Code (Title 19,Chapter 20 of Municipal Code) states that development within 50 feet of a riparian corridor may be prohibited or restricted. Furthermore, any environmental constraints such as biological resources, riparian areas, or threatened or endangered species shall be subject to the submittal of appropriate reports prepared by qualified professionals which address the impacts,identify mitigation measures,and evaluate and ensure the adequacy of the specified mitigation measures. a, No construction projects are proposed as part of the proposed General Plan :3 Amendments. Any future development will be subject to individual CEQA review that will require assessment of potential impacts to biological resources, including riparian E habitat that could support sensitive species. No changes are proposed to land use policy W that would result in a different or more severe impact than previously concluded in the General Plan EIR.No additional impacts will occur. 0 x c) No Impact. The USFWS National Wetlands Inventory does not provide any data for the City of San Bernardino 13 However, the General Plan EIR states that the City contains three watercourses determined to be "waters of the U.S." as tributaries within the Santa Ana watershed. Potential USACE and CDFG jurisdictional waters and wetlands are also Z present along the Santa Ana River,Lytle Creek/Cajon Creek,the canyons and drainages in the foothills of the San Bernardino mountains, and the open flood control channels that traverse the City14 w Section 401 of the CWA requires an applicant to obtain certification for any activity that R may result in a discharge of a pollutant into waters of the United States. As a result, c proposed fill in waters and wetlands requires coordination with the appropriate State Q Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) that administers Section 401 and provides certification. The RWQCB also plays a role in review of water quality and wetland issues, including avoidance and minimization of impacts. Section 401 certification is required prior to the issuance of a Section 404 permit,as discussed below. a Under Section 404 of the CWA the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ALOE) has jurisdiction over Wetlands and Waters of the United States. Permitting of activities that E could discharge fill or dredge materials or otherwise adversely modify wetlands or r other waters of the United States and associated habitat is required. Permits authorized a by ACOE under the Act typically involve mitigation to offset unavoidable impacts on wetlands and other waters of the United States in a manner that achieves no net loss of wetland acres or values. 12 United States Fish and Wildlife Service.Critical Habitat Portal.http://criticathabitat.fws.goy/crithab/ [November 25,2013] 13 U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service. National Wetlands Inventory.http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Wetlands- Mapper.html [November 25,20131 14 City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR.Chapter 5:Environmental Analysis. [2005] City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.383 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW),through provisions of the Fish and Game Code Sections 1600-1603, is empowered to issue agreements (Streambed Alteration Agreements)for projects that would"divert or obstruct the natural flow of,or substantially change or use any material from the bed, channel, or bank of, any river, stream, or lake, or deposit or dispose of debris, waste, or other material containing crumbled,flaked,or ground pavement where it may pass into any river,stream, or lake" (Fish and Game Code Section 1602[a]). Streams and rivers are defined by the presence of a channel bed,banks,and intermittent flow. The limits of CDFW jurisdiction are also based on riparian habitat and may include wetland areas that do not meet US Army a, Corps of Engineers (ACOE) criteria for soils and/or hydrology (e.g., where riparian a woodland canopy extends beyond the banks of a stream away from frequently saturated soils). E Future housing development will be subject to environmental review pursuant to CEQA w and the City's local development review procedures. This includes biological resources. Any project impacts to streams or wetlands are subject to Federal Section 401 and/or 404 permitting and State Section 1600 stream alteration requirements. These regulations x° require identification and mapping of any wetland resources and implementation of appropriate mitigation as discussed above to ensure no net loss of wetland area or values. No changes are proposed to land use policy that would result in a different or more severe impact than previously concluded in the General Plan EIR and thus no Z additional impacts would occur. _ d) No Impact. The City of San Bernardino is mostly developed, with most of the land converted from open space areas to commercial,industrial,residential, and recreational cYn uses. Major wildlife movement within the City is not likely to occur. According to the General Plan EIR, regional wildlife movement in an east-west orientation in the _ mountains and along the undeveloped foothills northeast of I-215 and north of SR 30/I- a 210 may still provide viable wildlife corridors. Wildlife corridors within the City and SOI areas are most likely limited to the northern undeveloped portions of the City. Cajon Canyon and Lytle Creek Wash may also serve as potential movement corridors, 0 but to a lesser extent, as portions of the channels have been modified by aggregate a extraction activities. East-west corridors may exist along the Santa Ana River although large portions of the wash have also been modified for flood control and water conservation facilities,and by active aggregate mining activities. Local wildlife corridors E are likely to occur within the canyons and washes in the foothills and mountains north r of the City.15 Future development would not be authorized to disrupt the hydrologic a function of any waterway pursuant to local, state, and federal laws prohibiting loss or alteration of these resources; therefore, movement of wildlife and aquatic species through local riparian corridors would not be substantially impacted by future housing development. No impacts will occur. e) No Impact. The General Plan Natural Resources and Conservation Chapter contains goals and policies intended to protect biological resources. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Amendments would not authorize construction. Any future projects will be subject to individual CEQA review. 15 City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR.Chapter 5:Environmental Analysis. [2005] 40 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.384 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts City Ordinance MC-1027,9-8-98 and MC-682,11-6-89 (Municipal Code,Title 15, Chapter 15.34) prohibits the removal and/or destruction of more than five trees within any thirty-six month period from a development site or parcel of property without first being issued a permit from the Development Services Department.Per the ordinances,a permit shall not be required when a lawful order to remove the trees for health and safety purposes has been issued by a local,state or federal government agency;nor shall a permit be required if a removal is to be accomplished by, or under the auspices of a governmental entity. a A number of General Plan policies are in place to protect biological resources, as outlined below. Given existing General Plan policies are in place and that no land use changes are proposed,no impacts would occur. E a� W General Plan Natural Resources and Conservation Chapter Policies .N Goal 12.1 Conserve and enhance San Bernardino's biological resources. Policy 12.1.1 Acquire and maintain current information regarding the status and o location of sensitive biological elements (species and natural communities)within the planning area,as shown on Figure NRC-1. Z Policy 12.1.2 Site and develop land uses in a manner that is sensitive to the unique characteristics of and that minimizes the impacts upon sensitive biological resources. N Policy 12.1.3 Require that all proposed land uses in the "Biological Resource Management Area' (BRM), Figure NRC-2, be subject to review by the Environmental Review Committee(ERC). a Q Policy 12.1.4 Require that development in the BRM: a. Submit a report prepared by a qualified professional(s) that addresses .2 the proposed project's impact on sensitive species and habitat, especially a those that are identified in State and Federal conservation programs; b. Identify mitigation measures necessary to eliminate significant adverse E impacts to sensitive biological resources; c. Define a program for monitoring, evaluating the effectiveness of, and Q ensuring the adequacy of the specified mitigation measures;and d.Discuss restoration of significant habitats. Goal 12.2 Protect riparian corridors to provide habitat for fish and wildlife. Policy 12.2.1 Prohibit development and grading within fifty (50) feet of riparian corridors, as identified by a qualified biologist, unless no feasible alternative exists. Policy 12.2.2 Generally permit the following uses within riparian corridors: a.Education and research,excluding buildings and other structures; City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.385 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts E b.Passive(non mechanized) recreation, c.Trails and scenic overlooks on public land(s); d.Fish and wildlife management activities; e. Necessary water supply projects; f. Resource consumptive uses as provided for in the Fish and Game Code and Title 14 of the California Administrative Code; g. Flood control projects where no other methods are available to protect the public safety; h. Bridges and pipelines when supports are not in significant conflict with corridor resources. f° a Policy 12.2.3 Pursue voluntary open space or conservation easements to protect _ sensitive species or their habitats. E a� w Policy 12.2.4 Development adjacent to riparian corridors shall: a. Minimize removal of vegetation; 3 b. Minimize erosion,sedimentation,and runoff by appropriate protection x° or vegetation and landscape; c. Provide for sufficient passage of native and anadromous fish as specified by the California Department of Fish and Game; d.Minimize wastewater discharges and entrapment; o Z e. Prevent groundwater depletion or substantial interference with surface c and subsurface flows;and provide for natural vegetation buffers. Policy 12.2.5 Permit modification of the boundaries of the designated riparian y corridors based on field research and aerial interpretation data as part of biological surveys, c Goal 12.3.1 Establish open space corridors between and to protected wiidlands. d Policy 12.3.1 Identify areas and formulate recommendations for the acquisition of property, including funding, to establish a permanent corridor 2 contiguous to the National Forest via Cable Creek and/or Devil Canyon. a The City shall consult with various federal, state and local agencies and City departments prior to the adoption of any open space corridor plan. z �a Policy 12.3.2 Seek to acquire real property rights of open space corridor parcels Q identified as being suitable for acquisition. Policy 12.3.3 Establish the following habitat types as high-priority for acquisition as funds are available: a.Habitat of endangered species; b.Alluvial scrub vegetation; c. Riparian vegetation dominated by willow, alder, sycamore, or native oaks;and d.Native walnut woodlands. 42 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.386 6.A.d Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Policy 12.3.4 Preserve and enhance the natural characteristics of the Santa Ana River, City Creels,and Cajon Creels as habitat areas. Policy 12.3.5 Prevent further loss of existing stands of Santa Ana River Wooly-star (Eriastrum densifolium sanctorum) and Slender-horned Centrostegia (Centrostegia leptoceras). f) No Impact. According to the Conservation Plans and Agreements Database no Habitat' Conservation Plans or Natural Community Conservation Plans apply within the (D .D planning area 16 No impact would occur. Q. d E A w rn .N O O 2 r O T N Z _ O w CO m M Q w _ E U R r a-. Q C d E L V t0 r w Q 16 U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service.Conservation Plans and Agreements Database. htt,p://ecos.fws.gov/consery plans/P1atnReportSelect?region=8&type=HCP[November 26,2013] City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.387 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.5 - CULTURAL RESOURCES Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource ❑ ❑ ® ❑ a as defined in Section15064.5? D _ b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological ❑ ❑ ® ❑ E d resource pursuant to Section 15064.5? c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique N paleontological resource or site or F-1 ❑ ® ❑ 0 x unique geologic feature? 0 d) Disturb any human remains, including N those interred outside of formal ❑ ❑ ® ❑ 0 cemeteries? z m a) Less Than Significant Impact. The National Register of Historic Places lists six sites in the City of San Bernardino.The NRHP lists the following sites: 1) Atchison,Topeka,and w Santa Fe Railway Passenger and Freight Depot (1170 W. 3rd St.); 2) The California `n Theater (562 W. 4th St.);3) Crowder Canyon Archeological District (Address Restricted); :t 4) San Bernardino County Court House (351 N. Arrowhead Ave.); 5) US Post Office-- Downtown Station(390 W. 5th St.);6) Wigwam Village No. 7 (2728 Foothill Blvd.)?7 The a w California Office of Historic Preservation lists the Stephens and Bobbitt Mortuary/Victory Chapel on the State Register of Historic Places as well as four State Landmarks including The Arrowhead, Stoddard-Waite Monument, Site of Mormon Y Stockade and the Mormon Trail Monument. None of the Housing Element opportunity Q sites are located on a property recognized by the National Register of Historic Places or the State Office of Historic Preservation. With the implementation of the existing E General Plan policies to preserve properties with historic potential and CEQA 0 regulations, less than significant impacts to historic resources would occur from a implementation of the project and any construction where substantial historic resources may have not yet been identified. 17 National Register of Historic Places. 1966-2012 Listed and Removed Properties. San Bernardino. http://www.nps.gov/nr/research/ [November 26,20131 44 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.388 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Q Applicable General Plan Historical and Archaeological Chapter Policies Policy 11.1.3 Consider, within the environmental review process, properties that may have become historically significant since completion of the 1991 Historic Resources Reconnaissance Survey. Policy 11.1.9 Require that an environmental review be conducted on all applications (e.g. grading, building, and demolition) for resources designated or potentially designated as significant in order to ensure that these sites are Q preserved and protected. a Goal 11.4, Protect and enhance our historic and cultural resources. _ d E Policy 11.4.1 Encourage the preservation, maintenance, enhancement and reuse of w 1 existing buildings in redevelopment and commercial areas; the retention and renovation of existing residential buildings; and the relocation of existing residential buildings when retention on-site is deemed not to be x° feasible. 0 b) Less Than Significant Impact. Although the City of San Bernardino is highly N urbanized, the presence of significant subsurface archaeological resources is always a Z possibility in areas where only surface inspections have taken place. Furthermore, the _ San Manuel Band of Mission Indians traversed and inhabited a territory that spanned 1 the San Bernardino Mountains, valley and adjoining desert lands 18 The General Plan EIR Archaeological Sensitivities Map (Figure 5.4-2)indicates areas of high archaeological N sensitivity within San Bernardino. The proposed Housing Element Opportunity Sites located along the northern boundary of the City as well as sites located between 1-215 and Kendall Drive north of SR-210 are located within areas of concern for archaeological resources. Implementation of the proposed Housing Element, pursuant to existing Q General Plan land use policy, could result in the development of vacant land in these areas. Ground-disturbing activities associated with subsequent development of land within the City could unearth previously unknown archaeological resources. Therefore, w implementation of the proposed Housing Element has the potential to disturb or destroy a undocumented archaeological resources. The proposed General Plan amendment associated with Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities is for informational E purposes only and does not propose or anticipate any specific development proposals or infrastructure construction. Q General Plan policies require the development of mitigation measures for projects located in archaeologically sensitive areas. The General Plan EIR implemented Mitigation Measure GP 5.4-2 requiring project applicants to provides studies documenting the presence or absence of archeological and/or paleontological resources. Where resources are identified, detailed mitigation plans, monitoring programs, and recovery and preservation plans shall be included. Adherence to General Plan policies, 1 General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure GP 5.4-2, and CEQA guidelines where 18 City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR.Section 5:Environmental Analysis,Native American History p.5.4-8. 120051 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.389 i i Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Q archaeological or paleontological resources may be affected will reduce impacts to buried cultural resources.Impacts will be less than significant with existing General Plan .EIR mitigation incorporated. General Plan EIR Mitigation Measures: GP 5.4-2 In areas of documented or inferred archaeological and/or paleontological resource presence,City staff shall require applicants for development permits to provide studies to document the presence/absence of such resources. On properties where resources are identified, such studies shall provide a detailed mitigation plan, including a monitoring program and recovery and/or in situ preservation plan, based on the recommendations of a qualified cultural preservation expert. as E c) Less than Significant Impact. The City of San Bernardino is located on the Bunker Hill- w San Timoteo Basin.19 The City lies on a broad, gently sloping lowland that borders the southwest margin of the San Bernardino Mountains. The lowland is underlain by alluvial sediments eroded from bedrock in the adjacent mountains and washed by rivers x° and creeks into the valley region where they have accumulated in layers of gravel,sand, silt, and clay. The San Bernardino Mountains, Shandin Hills, and other hilly areas are comprised predominantly of Mesozoic and older crystalline basement terrain. Paleontological resources are found in geologic strata conducive to their preservation, o typically sedimentary formations. The alluvial deposits underlying the City are too young geologically to contain scientifically significant fossils in their original, a undisturbed location and therefore are not considered paleontologically sensitive. Thus, paleontological resources are not likely to be uncovered during future development and (n implementation of the proposed project.20 r •E In the event that paleontological materials are uncovered, General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure 5.4-2 is incorporated to ensure that uncovered resources are evaluated. Impacts to buried cultural resources will be less than significant with existing General Plan EIR E mitigation incorporated. w r d) Less Than Significant Impact. No known cemeteries or human burials have been a identified on the Housing Element Opportunity Sites. However, it is possible that unknown human remains could be located in the area, and if proper care is not taken E during future housing project construction completed pursuant to Housing Element policy, particularly during excavation activities, damage to or destruction of these Q unknown remains could occur. General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure GP 5.4•-3 requires that the county coroner be contacted in the event of accidental discovery of human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery. Impacts to buried remains will be less than significant with existing General Plan EIR mitigation incorporated. 19 CIVILTEC Engineering Inc. Valley County Water District 2010 Urban Water Management Plan. June 2011. 20 California Department of Conservation. Geologic Atlas of California. San Bernardino Regional Geologic Map 1 1:250,000. 1981. http•//www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/information/geologic_mapping/Pages/googlemaps.aspx 46 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg. 390 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure: GP 5.4-3 In the event of the accidental discovery or recognition of any human remains in any location other than a dedicated cemetery, the following steps shall be taken: There shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the San Bernardino County Coroner is contacted to determine if the remains are prehistoric and that no investigation of the cause of death is required. If the coroner determines the remains to be Native America,then the coroner shall contact the Native American Heritage Commission within 24 hours, and the Native American Heritage Commission shall identify the person or persons it believes to be the most likely descendent from the deceased Native E American. The most likely descendant may make recommendations to the w landowner or the person responsible for the excavation work, for means of = treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and 3 any associated grave goods as provided in Public Resources Code Section =o 5097.98;or 0 Where the following conditions occur, the landowner or his authorized N representative shall rebury the Native American human remains and Z associated grave goods with appropriate dignity either in accordance with -� the recommendation of the most likely descendant or on the property in a location not subject to further subsurface disturbances: r CO • The Native American Heritage Commission is unable to identify a Z most likely descendent or the likely descendant failed to make a recommendation within 24 hours after being notified by the a commission;or c as E • The descendent identified fails to make a recommendation;or • The landowner or his authorized representative rejects the a recommendation of the descendant, and the mediation by the Native American Heritage Commission fails to provide measures acceptable E to the landowner. a City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.391 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.6 - GEOLOGY AND SOILS Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation m a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects,including the c. risk of loss,injury,or death involving: c i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most °' w recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake 0 Fault Zoning Map issued by the N State Geologist for the area or based ❑ ❑ ® ❑ 0 0 on other substantial evidence of a = known fault? Refer to Division of !- Mines and Geology Special N Publication 42. . o ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Z iii) Seismic-related ground failure, ❑ ❑ ® ❑ including liquefaction? _ r iv) Landslides? ❑ ❑ ® ❑ b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the ❑ ❑ ® ❑ __ loss of topsoil? a .r c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become E unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site a landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? E d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined U in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Q Code (1997), creating substantial risks to life or property? e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems ❑ ❑ ® ❑ where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? 48 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg. 392 6.A.d� Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental acts ad) Less than Significant Impact. The State of California Department of Conservation indicates that Alquist-Priolo Fault Hazard Zones are located in San Bernardino 21 The San Andreas and San Jacinto faults traverse the City. In addition,San Bernardino is surrounded by several active fault zones including the following: Glen Helen, San Jacinto, Loma Linda Faults Cucamonga-Sierra Madre, Whittier-Elsinore, Rialto-Colton,Cleghorn Fault,Crafton,North Frontal,Banning,and Red Hill faults. Many of the proposed Housing Element Opportunity Sites are located in close proximity to the San Andreas Fault Zone which traverses the northern border of the City.Since the I San Andreas and San Jacinto faults area are designated as part of the State of California Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zones, site-specific geologic reports are required for development within these Zones to determine the precise location of and any required = setbacks from any active faults. Human occupancy structures are prohibited within 50 feet of either side of an active fault 22 The proposed Housing Element and General Plan w amendments do not increase any risks associated with fault rupture, as no land use c policy changes are proposed which would allow development where it was not previously permitted. No changes are proposed to General Plan policies in place to = protect against earthquake hazards. Future housing development constructed pursuant to Housing Element policy would be subject to all applicable City, state, and local o building regulations,including the California Building Code (CBC) seismic standards as N approved by the City Building & Safety Division. Impacts would be less than z significant. a.i) Less than Significant Impact. Ground shaking can vary greatly due to the variation in a earth properties. The City is subject to strong ground shaking, as is the entirety of Southern California. As discussed above, the City is located within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone and there are multiple active and potentially active fault zones in the region that could affect the project site. As with all properties in the seismically active Southern California region, all future projects would be susceptible to ground a shaking during a seismic event and could expose people and structures to potentially medium to strong seismic ground motion. As such, all future projects could result in a potentially significant impact with respect to strong ground shaking. a All future, site-specific projects involving physical development of the property would be required to be in conformance with the Uniform Building Code (UBC) and other E applicable standards. The proposed General Plan Amendments will have no impact as no physical improvements are proposed that would alter existing conditions. Q Nonetheless, as discussed above in Section VI(a)(i), all future projects would be designed and constructed in compliance with all applicable City and state codes and requirements,including those established in the California Code of Regulations,Title 24, Part 2, Volume 2. The CBC regulations are designed to protect building occupants and limit the damage sustained by buildings during seismic events. The General Plan Safety Chapter identifies seismicity as a key safety issue and contains the following goals and 21 State of California Department of Conservation. Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Maps. ht!R://www.guake.ca.gov/gniaps/ap/al2 maps.htm[May 30,2013] zz City of San Bernardino General Plan.Chapter 10 Safety p.10-17.2005. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg. 393 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts policies to reduce seismic hazards within the City. Therefore,impacts will be less than significant. General Plan Safety Chapter Policies Policy 10.7.1 Minimize the risk to life and property through the identification of potentially hazardous areas, establishment of proper construction design criteria,and provision of public information. as Policy 10.7.2 Require geologic and geotechnical investigations for new development in M areas adjacent to known fault locations and approximate fault locations as = part of the environmental and/or development review process and _ enforce structural setbacks from faults identified through those E investigations. a) w rn Policy 10.7.3 Enforce the requirements of the California Seismic Hazards Mapping and y Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Acts when siting,evaluating,and o constructing new projects within the City. 0 a.iii) Less than Significant Impact. Liquefaction is a phenomenon that occurs when soil N undergoes transformation from a solid state to a liquefied condition due to the effects of o increased pore-water pressure. This typically occurs where susceptible soils (particularly the medium sand to silt range) are located over a high groundwater table. Affected soils lose all strength during liquefaction and foundation failure can occur. San Bernardino is not mapped as an area susceptible to liquefaction?a However,the General Plan EIR indicates two general liquefaction zones identified within the regional area, "high"and"moderately high to moderate' zones based on past technical studies(Figure 5.5-6, Liquefaction Susceptibility). High zones are concentrated adjacent to the San Andreas Fault zone north and northeast of the City and in the old artesian area between the San Andreas and San Jacinto Faults in the central and southern parts of the City. E These zones delineate regional susceptibility; however, they can vary greatly due to groundwater level changes.2 r a Areas subject to liquefaction are identified in Figure S-5 (Liquefaction Susceptibility Map) in the General Plan Safety Chapter. Several of the proposed Housing Element s Opportunity Sites located along the northern border of the City and certain portions of the DUCs are located in areas identified by the General Plan as having the potential for a liquefaction. General Plan Safety Chapter policies listed below require that liquefaction potential at a site be determined prior to development and require the evaluation and reduction of potential impacts. In addition, appropriate measures that reduce the ground-shaking and liquefaction effects of earthquakes are identified in the California Building Code, including specific provisions for seismic design of structures. The project does not itself involve new construction in any area of the City.. All future development projects will be subject to the City's standard environmental review 23 California Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey, Information Warehouse. http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/WH/regulatorymaps.htm 24 City of San Bernardino General Plan EIR.Section 5 Environmental Analysis p.5.5-22.2005. 50 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.394 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts AVON process for evaluation of geologic hazards. Considering implementation of existing policies and standards,impacts associated with liquefaction or other ground failure will be less than significant. Applicable General Plan Policies Policy 10.7.2 Require geologic and geotechnical investigations for new development in areas adjacent to known fault locations and approximate fault locations as part of the environmental and/or development review process and enforce structural setbacks from faults identified through those investigations. a Policy 10.7.4 Determine the liquefaction potential at a site prior to development, and E require that specific measures be taken as necessary,to prevent or reduce w damage in an earthquake. _ .N Policy 10.7.5 Evaluate and reduce the potential impacts of liquefaction on new and existing lifelines. 0 a.iv) Less than Significant Impact. Landslides are mass movements of the ground that include rock falls,relatively shallow slumping and sliding of soil,and deeper rotational Z or transitional movement of soil or rock. In general, landslides are abundant in areas underlain by shale and siltstone bedrock materials. Slope stability studies of the San Bernardino planning area were conducted in 1974 and 1979 and include general descriptions of slope areas along with accompanying maps. Generalized slopes are N subdivided into areas of low relief, areas of moderate relief, and areas of high relief. Generalized landslide susceptibility in the City is considered low to moderate. A c combination of the generalized slope categories and the generalized landslide a susceptibility areas results in two potentially hazardous zones 25 These zones are = mapped in Figure S-7 in the City of San Bernardino General Plan Safety Chapter. Opportunity sites located along the City's northern boundary and between I-215 and Kendall Drive north of I-210 are located within the generalized areas of landslide w susceptibility. a c d Successful development in portions of the City subject to landslides requires detailed s engineering analysis and continuous inspection during construction. During review of development and redevelopment proposals, the City requires surveys of geological a conditions by state licensed engineering geologists and civil engineers when appropriate. Impacts will be less than significant with implementation of existing regulations and City review processes b) Less than Significant Impact. Erosion is the condition in which the earth's surface is worn away by the action of water and wind. The project does not propose or authorize any particular housing development, infrastructure project, or other development activity or changes to land use policy.Little,if any,native topsoil is likely to occur at any of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites or DUCs located within the heavily 25 City of San Bernardino General PIan.Chapter 10 Safety p.10-29.2005. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg. 395 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts e urbanized areas of the City. Native topsoil may o ccur on the Housing Element Opportunity Sites and DUCs located along the City's northern boundary. However, most of the area has historically been developed. All future development projects are subject to environmental and engineering review, including assessment and mitigation of soil erosion. During construction activities of housing proposed pursuant to Housing Element policy, there is the potential to expose surficial soils to wind and water erosion during construction activities. Wind erosion is required to be minimized through soil stabilization measures required by South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 403 (Fugitive Dust), such as daily watering. General Plan policies (D 10.5.4 and 13.2.10 require adequate erosion control to prevent contamination of M waterways and canyon drainages. Water erosion will be prevented through the City's standard erosion control practices required pursuant to the California Building Code = and the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), such as silt fencing or sandbags. Impacts related to soil erosion would be less than significant with w implementation of existing regulations and General Plan policies. _ Applicable General Plan Policies Policy 10.5.4 Require new development and significant redevelopment to utilize site preparation,grading and foundation designs that provide erosion control N to prevent sedimentation and contamination of waterways. o Z Policy 13.2.10 Require that development in the City's watersheds incorporate adequate landscape and groundcover to prevent slope erosion and significant sedimentation of canyon drainages. c) Less than Significant Impact. Impacts related to liquefaction and landslides are discussed above in Section 4.6.a. Lateral spreading is lateral displacement of gently sloping ground as a result of liquefaction in a shallow underlying deposit during an earthquake. Such movement can occur on slope gradients of as little as one degree. E Lateral spreading typically damages pipelines,utilities,bridges,and structures.The City lies on a broad, gently sloping lowland that borders the southwest margin of the San r Bernardino Mountains.The General Plan indicates that areas of liquefaction exist along a the northern boundary of the City and in areas between 1-10 and I-210. Thus, lateral spreading could occur in these areas. E According to the General Plan EIR, historically,up to one foot of subsidence may have Q occurred within the City of San Bernardino. The historic area of subsidence was within the thick poorly consolidated alluvial and marsh deposits of the old artesian area north of Loma Linda. Potential subsidence in this area could potentially be as great as five to eight feet if ground water is depleted from the Bunker Hill -San Timoteo Basin. In the San Bernardino area, the potential for subsidence has been significantly reduced since 1972, when the San Bernardino Municipal Water District began to maintain groundwater levels from recharge to percolation basins, which in turn filter back into the alluvial deposits. Problems with ground subsidence have not been identified since the groundwater recharge program began. General Plan Figure S-6 identifies Potential Subsidence Areas within the City of San Bernardino. Housing Element Opportunity Sites and DUCs are located in these areas; however,General Plan Safety Chapter Policy 52 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg. 396 I I Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 10.7.2 listed above and the CBC requires all new development to have a site-specific geology report prepared by a registered geologist or soils expert and submitted to the City, which would ensure impacts related to expansive soils would be evaluated on a project-by-project basis and mitigated as necessary. Compliance with the goals and policies of the General Plan and the Building Code would ensure potential impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level. d) Less than Significant Impact. Expansion and contraction of volume can occur when expansive soils undergo alternating cycles of wetting (swelling) and drying (shrinking). During these cycles, the volume of the soil changes markedly and can cause structural damage to building and infrastructure if the potentially expansive soils were not considered in project design and construction. Compaction of loose soils and poorly consolidated alluvium occur as a result of strong seismic shaking. Amount of E compaction may vary from a few inches to several feet and may be significant in areas of w thick soil cover. Topsoil, recent alluvium and weathered bedrock are typically porous = and may be subject to hydro-collapse;therefore,these materials can be unsuitable for the LO support of engineered fills and structures. The City is underlain by several different soil = types;however, fine sand,fine sandy loam, sandy loam,coarse sandy loam, and loamy sand are dominant. Since loamy soils contain a percentage of clay these soils are 0 considered potentially expansive. The CBC requires that a soil and geological report be prepared for any development, including future potential housing. Presence of Z expansive soils and identification of measures to eliminate this constraint (such as M removal and replacement with suitable engineered materials) will be determined M through site-specific geotechnical evaluations to be conducted as part of the City's a routine development review procedures. Such routine procedures will apply to all rn future development projects. As such,potential impacts associated with expansive soils would be less than significant. c e) Less than Significant Impact. The City of San Bernardino is served by the San Bernardino Municipal Water Department Water Reclamation Plant (WRP). The WRP provides wastewater treatment services for the City of San Bernardino, Loma Linda, East Valley, San Bernardino International Airport, Patton State Hospital, and unincorporated San Bernardino County areas. According to the General Plan Utilities a Chapter, the City permits the limited use of septic tanks for developments within its boundaries; typically in older portions of the City or on large lot residential E developments. Any new septic systems must comply with the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board's minimum lot size requirements(currently one-half acre). a According to the General Plan, most housing units are connected to the public sewer (57,007). However, 1,620 units are connected to a septic tank or cesspool, and 177 units achieved sewage disposal through other means. Few parcels continue to rely on septic systems both within the City and the unincorporated areas. Muscoy residents in DUC 1 rely upon existing septic system for their wastewater disposal needs. Parcels in the Muscoy area requiring sewer service have been allowed to connect to existing community facilities. The northern portion of DUC 6 contains neighborhoods that are served by leach and septic systems. Other individual residential development may still occur in the City that would utilize individual septic systems. General Plan policy directs the City to review development proposals for projects within the City's Sphere of Influence and request the County to disapprove any project that cannot be served with City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.397 r Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts adequate public wastewater collection and treatment facilities.These developments and their septic systems would be subject to the review and requirements of the City of San Bernardino (or County of San Bernardino, as applicable) septic system design and operation as well as the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Board requirements to ensure that the system and soils would allow for adequate percolation of septic treated wastewater. With the implementation of existing septic system regulations,impact will be less than significant. Applicable General Plan Policies Y c� Policy 9.1.6 Ensure that any proposed septic systems comply with the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board's minimum lot size requirements, which are one-half acre as of 2005. E w Policy 13.2.6 Require the replacement of existing septic systems with connections to a _ sanitation collection and treatment system as a condition of reconstruction or reuse. x 0 rn N 0 Z G l4 Y f4 r C a C E t V tC r-+ Y a Y Q� E V Y Y a 54 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet,Pg. 398 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.7 - GREENHOUSE GAS Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant with Significant Impact Impact Mitigation Impact Incorporation a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly,that may ® m have a significant impact on the environment? a b) Conflict with an applicable plan,policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of ❑ ® E a� reducing the emissions of greenhouse cu- gases? 0 __ N a) Less than Significant Impact. Climate change is the distinct change in measures of x° climate for a long period of time. Climate change is the result of numerous, cumulative r sources of greenhouse gas emissions all over the world. Natural changes in climate can N be caused by indirect processes such as changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun or direct changes within the climate system itself (i.e.changes in ocean circulation).Human z activities can affect the atmosphere through emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and changes to the planet's surface. Human activities that produce GHGs are the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas for heating and electricity, gasoline and diesel for transportation); methane from landfill wastes and raising livestock, deforestation N activities;and some agricultural practices 26 ° c Greenhouse gases differ from other emissions in that they contribute to the"greenhouse a effect."The greenhouse effect is a natural occurrence that helps regulate the temperature of the planet. The majority of radiation from the Sun hits the Earth's surface and warms t it. The surface in turn radiates heat back towards the atmosphere, known as infrared radiation. Gases and clouds in the atmosphere trap and prevent some of this heat from a escaping back into space and re-radiate it in all directions. This process is essential to supporting life on Earth because it warms the planet by approximately 60° Fahrenheit. Emissions from human activities since the beginning of the industrial revolution (approximately 250 years ago) are adding to the natural greenhouse effect by increasing w the gases in the atmosphere that trap heat,thereby contributing to an average increase in Q the Earth's temperature. Greenhouse gases occur naturally and from human activities. Greenhouse gases produced by human activities include carbon dioxide (CO2),methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Since 1750, it is estimated that the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere have increased over 36 percent, 148 percent,and 18 percent,respectively,primarily due,to human activity. Emissions of greenhouse gases affect the atmosphere directly by canging its chemical composition 26 United States Environmental Protection Agency. Frequently Asked Questions About Global Warming and Climate Change.Back to Basics.April 2009. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.399 6.A.d Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts i while changes to the land surface indirectly affect the atmosphere by changing the way the Earth absorbs gases from the atmosphere. No new development is associated with the General Plan Amendments proposed to address SB 244. Furthermore, these amendments would have no growth-inducing impacts as the unincorporated disadvantaged communities identified are already developed at intensities consistent with General Plan assumptions. As such, these amendments would not generate greenhouse gas emissions either directly or indirectly. a� GHG emissions associated with potential future development on Housing Element a Opportunity Sites were quantified utilizing the California Emissions Estimator Model D (Ca1EEMod) version 2013.2.2 to determine if the project could have a cumulatively r- considerable impact related to greenhouse gas emissions (see Appendix A, Air Quality d Modeling Data). This data is presented for informational purposes, as no changes to w permissible development densities or locations would occur as part of the Housing Element update. No new development or changes to land use policy are associated with the General Plan Amendments proposed pursuant to SB 244. A numerical threshold for =° determining the significance of greenhouse gas emissions in the South Coast Air Basin has not officially been adopted by the SCAQMD. Individual projects may be required to have a greenhouse gas emissions inventory prepared to determine if individual projects exceed applicable screening or impact thresholds and would thus potentially contribute z substantially to climate change and associated impacts. A summary of short- and long- c term emissions and the analysis for each are included below. @ Short-Term Emissions to Future development projects will result in short-term greenhouse gas emissions from construction. Greenhouse gas emissions will be released by equipment used for demolition, grading, paving,and other building construction activities. GHG emissions Q will also result from worker and vendor trips to and from project sites and from = demolition and soil hauling trips. Construction activities are short term and cease to E emit greenhouse gases upon completion, unlike operational emissions that are 0 continuous year after year until operation of the use ceases. Because of this difference, a SCAQMD recommends that construction emissions be amortized over a 30-year w; operational lifetime. This normalizes construction emissions so that they can be a grouped with operational emissions in order to generate a precise project GHG inventory. a w a Typically,construction-related GHG emissions contribute insubstantially (less than one percent) to a project's annual greenhouse gas emissions inventory and mitigation is not effective in reducing a project's overall contribution to climate change. Implementation of AB32 and SB375 through California Air Resources Board's (ARB) Scoping Plan and SCAG's RTP/SCS are designed to achieve the required reduction in greenhouse gas emissions,as is further discussed in Section 4.7.b. With the cooperation and support of these plans,short-term climate change impacts due to future construction activities will not be significant. 56 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.400 i 6.A.d b Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Long-Term Emissions Future development projects will result in continuous GHG emissions from mobile, area, and other operational sources. Mobile sources,including vehicle trips to and from development projects,will result primarily in emissions of CO2,with minor emissions of CH4 and N20. The most significant GHG emission from natural gas usage will be methane. Electricity usage by future development and indirect usage of electricity for. water and wastewater conveyance will result primarily in emissions of carbon dioxide. Disposal of solid waste will result in emissions of methane from the decomposition of waste at landfills coupled with CO2 emission from the handling and transport of solid waste. These sources combine to define the long-term greenhouse gas inventory for typical development projects. Table 7 (Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory) summarizes annual operational greenhouse gas emissions associated with potential future development on Housing E Element Opportunity Sites. There is no adopted threshold promulgated by SCAQMD or W, CARB for assessment of program-level GHG emissions. Analysis of program-level N climate change impacts are assessed through consistency with State and regional o greenhouse gas emissions reduction plans is provided in Section 4.7.b. T 0 Table 7 Housing Element Sites Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Z 745,073.86 Area 199.39 5.37 O.Ob 4,329.28 Ener 1.55 0.60 45,292.84 Cn Mobile ,372.34 5.43 0.00 157,486.40 t° Waste 2,632.27 155.56 0.00 5,899.08 Water 5,517.71 29.97 0.75 6,380.09 a TOTAL 214,795.57 197.89 1.41 219,387.68 Source:MIG I Hogle-Ireland 2013 °' MTCO2E/YR R r Future housing and mixed-use development will occur on vacant land as well as replace a existing underutilized uses. The analysis of operational emissions does not take into consideration the reduction of emissions from the demolition of existing land uses on E the identified underutilized Housing Element Opportunity Sites. Therefore, actual net emissions, accounting for the reduction in emissions from removal of existing uses, Q would be lower than the emissions presented in Table 7. These reductions would be quantified on an individual project basis based on existing site conditions and land uses at the time of redevelopment. In addition,Table 7 does not account for regulatory and project design features required as mitigation that may reduce GHG emissions for each individual project. GHG emissions reducing design requirements identified in the CBC include installation of low-flow fixtures, compliance with State landscape irrigation requirements, and minimum 50 percent recycling during construction and operation. Furthermore, GHG emissions will be evaluated during the City's standard environmental review process as required by CEQA to determine if GHG emissions from individual projects will require mitigation. No land use changes are proposed as part of this project. Since future development projects supported by the proposed City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.401 Section 4: Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Element will be required to be consistent with State and regional greenhouse Housing q � g gas reduction plans (see Section 4.7.b), they will be subject to environmental review to ensure that any interim or adopted project-level greenhouse emissions threshold is not exceeded,and is subject to regulations requiring reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Impacts will be less than significant. b) Less than Significant Impact. Significant impacts would occur if the proposed project conflicted with or interfered with implementation of any existing GHG reduction plan that is projected to achieve greenhouse gas reduction targets. The two primary CD reduction plans are California Air Resources Board (CARB) Scoping Plan and SCAG's Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) as 0. discussed below. a� California Air Resources Board Scoping Plan (AB32) 2 The CARB Scoping Plan is the comprehensive plan to reach the GHG reduction targets a, stipulated in AB32. The key elements of the plan are to expand and strengthen energy N efficiency programs, achieve a statewide renewable energy mix of 33 percent, develop a o cap-and-trade program with other partners in the Western Climate Initiative (includes seven states in the United States and four territories in Canada),establish transportation- c related targets, and establish fees 27 CARB estimates that implementation of these N measures will reduce GHG emissions in the State by 136 MMTCO2E by 2020; therefore, o implementation of the Scoping Plan will meet the 2020 reduction target of 80 Z MMTCO2E, which is a reduction of 27 percent compared to the projected business as usual 507 MMTCO2E. Many of the strategies identified in the Scoping Plan are not applicable at the General N 2 Plan or project level,such as long-term technological improvements to reduce emissions from vehicles. Some measures are applicable and supported by the project, such as provision of mixed-use developments. Finally, while some measures are not directly a applicable, the project would not conflict with their implementation. Reduction a measures are grouped into 18 action categories,as follows: w 1. California Cap-and-Trade Program Linked to Western Climate Initiative Partner a Jurisdictions. , Implement a broad-based California cap-and-trade program to r_ provide a firm limit on emissions. Link the California cap-and-trade.program with E other Western Climate Initiative Partner programs to create a regional market system to achieve greater environmental and economic benefits for California.28 Q Ensure California's program meets all applicable AB 32 requirements for market- based mechanisms. These programs involve capping emissions from electricity generation,industrial facilities,and broad-scoped fuels. The project does not involve any such uses. 2. California Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Standards. Implement adopted Pavley standards and planned second phase of the program. Align.zero-emission vehicle, alternative and renewable fuel and vehicle technology programs with long- r 27 California Air Resources Board. Climate Change Scoping Plan, December 2008. 28 California Air Resources Board. California GHG Emissions-Forecast(2002-2020). October 2010. 58 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.402 I Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts f' term climate change goals. This is not applicable as this is a statewide measure establishing vehicle emissions standards. 3. Energy Efficiency. Maximize energy efficiency building and appliance standards, and pursue additional efficiency efforts including new technologies,and new policy and implementation mechanisms. Pursue comparable investment in energy efficiency from all retail providers of electricity in California (including both investor-owned and publicly owned utilities). The Housing Element promotes energy-efficient building design, as well as implementation of existing building and (D other codes regulating minimum energy,water,and waste efficiency consistent with 2011 CALGREEN requirements and would thus be consistent and not interfere with this program. The General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 do not pertain to energy efficiency and would not interfere with any existing energy efficiency E a� programs. W a� 4. Renewables Portfolio Standards. Achieve 33 percent renewable energy mix statewide by 2020. This establishes the minimum statewide renewable energy mix x° and is not applicable at a City level or below for implementation. The proposed General Plan Amendments would not interfere with the implementation of this program. 0 5. Low Carbon Fuel Standard. Develop and adopt the Low Carbon Fuel Standard. a This is not applicable to a city as this establishes reduced carbon intensity of transportation fuels. r CO 6. Regional Transportation-Related Greenhouse Gas Targets. Develop regional greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets for passenger vehicles. As is detailed below, the proposed General Plan Amendments would not conflict with and would support the implementation of SCAG's RTP/SCS to achieve the required GHG Q reduction goals by 2020 and 2035 based on consistency with growth projections. The d San Bernardino General Plan includes policies to reduce vehicle miles traveled by encouraging mixed-use, infill, an improved jobs-housing balance, and alternative modes of transportation. a c d 7. Vehicle Efficiency Measures. Implement light-duty vehicle efficiency measures. E This is not applicable to a city as this identifies measures such as minimum fire-fuel efficiency,lower friction oil,and reduction in air conditioning use. Q 8. Goods Movement. Implement adopted regulations for the use of shore power for ships at berth. Improve efficiency in goods movement activities. Identifies measures to improve goods movement efficiencies such as advanced combustion strategies, friction reduction, waste heat recovery, and electrification of accessories. The proposed General Plan Amendments will not result in the development of uses that will involve the movement of goods and therefore would not interfere with eventual implementation. 9. Million Solar Roofs Program. Install 3,000 megawatts of solar-electric capacity under California's existing solar programs. Sets goal for use of solar systems City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.403 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts throughout the state. The proposed General Plan Amendments would not interfere with but instead would directly support installation of alternative energy sources through City policies and programs. 10. Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. Adopt medium-duty (MD) and heavy-duty (HD) vehicle efficiencies. Aerodynamic efficiency measures for HD trucks pulling trailers 53-feet or longer that include improvements in trailer aerodynamics and use of rolling resistance tires were adopted in 2008 and went into effect in 2010.29 Future, yet to be determined improvements, includes hybridization of MD and HD trucks. The proposed General Plan Amendments will not result in development of industrial uses and therefore would not interfere with implementation of this c. program. _ E 11. Industrial Emissions. Require assessment of large industrial sources to determine w whether individual sources within a facility can cost-effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide other pollution reduction co-benefits. Reduce greenhouse y gas emissions from fugitive emissions from oil and gas extraction and gas transmission. Adopt and implement regulations to control fugitive methane emissions and reduce flaring at refineries. These measures are applicable to large o industrial facilities (> 500,000 MTCO2E/YR) and other intensive uses such as refineries. The proposed General Plan Amendments will not result in the Z 0 development of these facilities and therefore would not interfere with implementation. a 12. High Speed Rail. Support implementation of a high speed rail system. This is not N applicable as the General Plan Amendments have no bearing on high speed rail facilities. c 13. Green Building Strategy. Expand the use of green building practices to reduce the carbon footprint of California's new and existing inventory of buildings. The Housing Element promotes energy efficient building design as well as implementation of existing building and other codes regulating minimum energy, water, and waste efficiency consistent with 2011 CALGREEN requirements and a would thus be consistent and not interfere with this program. General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 do not pertain to new building projects or E building strategies and would not interfere with any green building programs. Q 14. High Global Warming Potential Gases. Adopt measures to reduce high global warming potential gases. The proposed General Plan Amendments would not directly result in generation of high global warming potential gases, and would not interfere .with implementation of any future changes in air conditioning, fire protection suppressant,or other emission requirements. 15. Recycling and Waste. Reduce methane emissions at landfills. Increase waste diversion, composting and other beneficial uses of organic materials, and mandate commercial recycling to move toward zero-waste. The proposed Housing Element 29 California Air Resources Board. Scoping Plan Measures Implementation Timeline. October 2010. 60 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.404 ! Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts is consistent because implementing housing development will be required to recycle a minimum of 50 percent from construction activities per State requirements. General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 do not authorize any particular new development to occur and thus would not interfere with any recycling and waste-reduction programs. r 16. Sustainable Forests. Preserve forest sequestration and encourage the use of forest biomass for sustainable energy generation. The 2020 target for carbon sequestration is 5 million MTCO2E/YR. The proposed General Plan Amendment will not result in the development of uses that remove any forest areas and therefore would not interfere with forest sequestration. D _ 17. Water. Continue efficiency programs and use cleaner energy sources to move and treat water. The proposed Housing Element is consistent since implementing w development will include use of low-flow fixtures and water-efficient landscaping = per State and local requirements. General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 do not pertain to new building projects or building strategies and thus would not interfere with any water conservation programs. 0 18. Agriculture. In the near-term,encourage investment in manure digesters and at the N five-year Scoping.Plan update determine if the program should be made mandatory Z by 2020. The proposed General Plan Amendments do not involve any agricultural ._ activity. As summarized above, the proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments N will not conflict with Regional Transportation-Related GHG targets or any of the other provisions of the Scoping Plan. The proposed Housing Element in fact supports four of the action categories through energy efficiency, green building, recycling/waste, and a water conservation through these proposed and current policies, and amendments associated with SB 244 would have no effect. Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy(SB375) .2 The 2012 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy and the Q goals, policies, and programs included within it are projected to obtain and exceed applicable GHG reduction targets of eight percent by 2020 and 13 percent by 2035. _ Projected reductions by the RTP/SCS are nine percent by 2020 and 16 percent by 2035. Ultimately, the RTP/SCS is keyed to implement the requirements of AB32 at the a regional level. For a program-level analysis,if the proposed General Plan Amendments are consistent with the assumptions of the RTP/SCS, then long-term development within the planning area will meet regional reduction targets. Furthermore, long-term development would meet the broader statewide reduction goals of 1990 levels by 2020 and 80 percent beyond that by 2050. The proposed General Plan Amendment would, therefore, not contribute substantially to climate change impacts if it is consistent with the regional and statewide climate change planning efforts. As assumed in the RTP/SCS, based on current City boundaries, San Bernardino is forecast to grow to a total population of 231,200 by 2020 and 261,400 by 2035. The ultimate build-out of the General Plan land use plan can accommodate approximately City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.405 Section 4, of Environmental Impacts 95,664 dwelling units for a total population of 319,241, which would accommodate the long-term projected growth. In addition,the proposed Housing Element and identified Opportunity Sites are projected to meet the City's allocated RHNA for short-term growth, which is a function of the City's projected long-term growth. Therefore, by providing sites to accommodate the RHNA, the Housing Element is contributing short- term towards consistency with long-term growth projections and the RTP/SCS. The existing General Plan and proposed Housing Element are consistent with the population growth forecasts of the RTP/SCS because they provide the capacity for residential development to accommodate the projected population growth and not direct growth a� elsewhere, which would interfere with implementation of the RTP/SCS. The a Amendments associated with SB 244 would not permit new development or induce growth and thus would not interfere with implementation of the RTP/SCS.Impacts will = be less than significant. E d w rn .N 7 O 2 r O O N Z 'C _ O R a r _ E r a _ 4) E w a 62 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial packet Pg.406 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.8 - HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation r a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine ❑ 1:1 ❑ ® m transport, use, or disposal of hazardous E materials? w D b) Create a significant hazard to the public c or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident ❑ ❑ ❑ ® _ conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the a� environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle z 10 hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within ❑ ❑ ❑ ® `° one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? v� R d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites = compiled pursuant to Government Code ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Q Section 65962.5 and,as a result,would it c create a significant hazard to the public E or the environment? -� :a w e) For a project located within an airport Q land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a (D public airport or public use airport, ❑ ❑ ❑ would the project result in a safety Y hazard for people residing or working in Q the project area? f) For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project result ❑ ❑ in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency ❑ ❑ ® ❑ response plan or emergency evacuation plan? City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.407 Section 4'Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death a; involving wiIdland fires, including ❑ where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are c intermixed with wildlands? E a� ED a-b) No Impact. The San Bernardino Housing Element is a policy document intended to = facilitate maintenance of the existing housing stock and production of new housing to meet the targeted housing needs of the community. Residential development does not x° require and is not expected to require the manufacturing, use, transportation, disposal, or storage of dangerous quantities of hazardous materials. Residential uses do not generate hazardous wastes or emissions, except for very small quantities of typical household cleaning agents, automotive maintenance products, paints, pesticides, and z herbicides. General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 do not revise any General Plan policies and are limited to updating information related existing conditions and 1° infrastructure. The proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments would not conflict with any hazardous materials regulations and would not exempt any future CO development from the City's programs to control and safely dispose of hazardous @ materials and wastes or to reduce the volume of wastes requiring landfill disposal. E Thus,no impact will result. a c With regard to construction,housing development pursuant to Housing Element policy E could involve demolition of existing structures. SCAQMD Rule 1403 (Asbestos m Emissions from Demolition/Renovation Activities) requires work practices that limit a asbestos emissions from building demolition and renovation activities, including the removal and disturbance of asbestos containing materials(ACM). This rule is generally designed to protect uses and persons adjacent to demolition or renovation activity from E exposure to asbestos emissions. Rule 1403 requires surveys of any facility being a demolished or renovated for the presence of all friable and Class I and Class II non Q friable ACM. Rule 1403 also establishes notification procedures, removal procedures, handling operations, and warning label requirements, including HEPA filtration, the glovebag method,wetting,and some methods of dry removal that must be implemented when disturbing appreciable amounts of ACM (more than 100 square feet,of surface area). All future housing developments will be subject to the City's standard environmental review process for evaluation of hazards. Considering implementation of existing policies and standards, impacts associated with asbestos hazards will be less than significant. Exposure of construction workers to lead-based paint during demolition activities is also of concern, similar to exposure to asbestos. Exposure of surrounding land uses to lead 64 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment k7at—iaiF Packet Pg.408 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts from demolition activities is generally not a concern because demolition activities do not result in appreciable emissions of lead. If lead contamination exists on future housing r sites, 8 CCR Section 1532.1 (California Construction Safety Orders for Lead)is applicable to the demolition of all existing structures requiring exposure assessment and compliance measures to keep worker exposure below action levels. The project is also subject to Title 22 requirements for the disposal of solid waste contaminated with excessive levels of lead. Impacts due to lead exposure and contamination will be less than significant with adherence to existing regulations. d c) No Impact. No specific new development is associated with the proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments proposed pursuant to SB 244. Since the Q' Housing Element Opportunity Sites are located throughout the City of San Bernardino, schools are likely to be located within one quarter mile of future housing development. E However, future residential development that may be facilitated by this Housing w Element update would not generate hazardous air emissions and would not involve the handling of any acutely hazardous substances or wastes. Thus, the .updated Housing Element would not result in impacts related to the presence of any hazardous materials x° or emissions within one quarter mile of a school. No impact would occur. 0 rn d) Less than Significant Impact. According to the databases maintained as the Cortese List, none of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites are identified on the Department of Z Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) Hazardous Waste and Substances Site List or the State = Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) list of cleanup sites.30 However, there are multiple open cases for leaking underground storage tanks (LUST) identified by the SWRCB GeoTracker database within the City, most of which are located between I-10 and SR-210 east of the I-215. (See Table 8) An open LUST case is located on the Carousel Mall Shopping Center (T10000001491), which is identified by the proposed Housing c Element as a 44-acre underutilized mixed-use site. A site assessment was initiated in a 2009 to evaluate the potential contaminants of concern(gasoline)to soil. _ a� E Since these are open cases, remediation of the existing hazards is taking place or will occur in the future and potential impacts to future residential'development will be a diminished. Any future development will be subject to the City's standard environmental review that will include identification of any contaminated site possibly not already identified and implementation of appropriate cleanup and disposal E procedures; therefore, less than significant impacts related to contaminated sites will w occur. This is consistent with the policies of the General Plan Safety Chapter. The Q General Plan Amendments propose no changes to these safety measures.Impacts will be less than significant. 30 California Environmental Protection Agency.Cortese List Data Resources/ www.calepa.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/CorteseList/ Qune 3,20131 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.409 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Table 8 City of San Bernardino Open LUST Sites 1.Allen Property T0607199300 895 2,,d St.West Site assessment 2.Archer-JC LLC(Abandoned Station)(T0607100623 208 Waterman Ave.North Site Assessment a� r c� 3.ARCO#5082 T0607100042 605 North H St. Eligible for Closure 'a a 4.Bonadiman-Mccain Inc. r T10000001488 280 S Lena Rd. Site Assessment 5.California Highway Patrol E T060710043 2211 Western Ave. Verification Monitoring W 6.Carousel Mall Shopping Center T10000001491 144 Central City Mall Site Assessment 0 7.Former M&M Smog and Assessment and interim remedial Muffler T10000003588 1915 East Tippecanoe Ave. action c rn Assessment and interim remedial 8.Gas Plus T0607199156 1266 E St.South action p 9.INCO Service Station Z T0607100231 796 W 5th St. Eligible for Closure 10.In-N-Out Burger(Former Gas Station)(T10000002949 795 West 5th St. Eligible for Closure 11.Levitz Furniture 0607100391 736 Inland Center Dr. Remediation 12.Mobile#18-HPH E T0607100339 520 Orange Show Rd. Remediation Q 13.P and M Station#937 T0607100051 501 Inland Center Dr. Eligible for Closure E 14.Shell.Service Station T0607195783 505 Orange Show Rd. Eligible for Closure 15.Shell Station T0607190543 1930 Waterman Ave. Verification MonitoringQ r 16.Truck O Mat T0607100235 1955 Hunts Lane Remediation E t Applicable General Plan Policies a Goal 10.1 Protect the environment, public health, safety, and welfare from hazardous wastes. Policy 10.1.1 Employ effective emergency preparedness and emergency response strategies to minimize the impacts from hazardous materials emergencies,such as spills or contamination. Policy 10.1.2 Ensure the protection of surface and groundwater quality,land resources, air quality,and environmentally sensitive areas through safe transportation 66 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.410 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts of waste through the City and comprehensive planning of hazardous materials wastes,and sites. Goal 10.2 Promote proper operations of hazardous waste facilities and ensure regulations applicable to these facilities are enforced. Policy 10.2.1 Require the proper handling, treatment, movement, and disposal of hazardous materials and hazardous waste. d Policy 10.2.2 Encourage businesses to utilize practices and technologies that will reduce the generation of hazardous wastes at the source. °' Y Policy 10.2.3 Implement federal, state,and local regulations for the disposal,handling, E and storage of hazardous materials. w c Policy 10.2.5 Participate in the process of selecting routes that are the most acceptable for the safe transportation of hazardous waste material within the City = limits.Streets with high concentrations of people, such as the downtown, or with sensitive facilities, such as schools and parks, should be avoided to the maximum extent possible. Z Ar 11 e) No Impact.The San Bernardino International Airport and Trade Center(SBIA)is located _ in the southeastern edge of the City. The SBIA includes two distinct components:1) the M airport portions (and related facilities) of the former Norton Air Force Base, and 2) the Trade Center, which encompasses the non-airport related portions of the former base. y The City's General Plan Land Use Chapter indicates an Airport Influence Area for the w SBIA(General Plan Figure LU-4). Housing Element Opportunity Sites are located within c the City's established Airport Influence Area,however,the majority of the Opportunity a Sites are located in northern San Bernardino outside of the airport influence area. The City's Development Code includes Airport Overlay Districts (Municipal Code 19.12). For planning purposes,federal and state laws have established well-defined regulations for acceptable noise levels with the basic criterion set at a maximum 65 decibel (dB) Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) value. According to the Airport Layout a Plan Narrative Report, all Opportunity Sites are located outside of the 65 decibel (dB) Community Noise Equivalent Level(CNEL)noise contour 31 Policies have been included E in the General Plan Land Use Chapter to minimize the impacts of airport hazards and r noise. Ontario International Airport (ONT) is located approximately 25 miles southwest Q of the City. The Riverside Municipal Airport is located approximately 12 miles south of the City and there are also two general aviation airports in the area, one to the west in Rialto and the second to the southeast in Redlands. There will be no impact with implementation of existing General Plan policy. 0 31 Airport Layout Plan Narrative Report for the San Bernardino International Airport. Exhibit 4H. Coffman Associates,Inc.November 2010. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.411 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Applicable General Plan Land Use Chapter Policies Goal 2.9 Protect the airspace of the San Bernardino International Airport and minimize related noise and safety impacts on our citizens and businesses. Policy 2.9.1 Require that all new development be consistent with the adopted Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the San Bernardino International Airport and ensure that no structures or activities encroach upon or adversely affect the use of navigable airspace. d m Policy 2.9.3 Limit the type of development, population density, maximum site M coverage, and height of structures as specified in the applicable safety zones in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the SBIA and as shown on E Figure LU-4. W rn Policy 2.9.4 Limit the development of sensitive land uses (e.g. residential, hospitals, schools) within the 65 decibel (dB) Community Noise Equivalent Level o x (CNEL)contour,as shown on Figure LU-4. 0 0 Policy 2.9.5 Ensure that the height of structures do not impact navigable airspace, as v defined in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the SBIA. o Z Policy 2.9.6 As required by State Law for real estate transactions within the Airport Influence Area, as shown on Figure LU-4, require notification/disclosure statements to alert potential buyers and tenants of the presence of and cyn potential impacts from the San Bernardino International Airport. �a 's= f) No Impact. No private airstrips were identified within the vicinity of the City of San a Bernardino. The General Plan Circulation Chapter identifies five helipads in the City. _ The helipads are private-use facilities and are situated at the National Orange Show Events Center, Red Dog Properties, San Bernardino Community Hospital, SCE Eastern Division,and the Tri-City area. There will be no impact with implementation of General Plan Policy 6.8.3. a c a� General Plan Circulation Chapter Policies E Policy 6.8.3 Work with the Federal Aviation Administration to ensure that the a existing or new Heliports within San Bernardino operate in a safe manner and minimize impacts on adjacent properties. g) Less than Significant Impact. The proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments would not change or interfere with the emergency response plans of the City, and the project components do not propose any alteration to vehicle circulation routes that could interfere with such plans. In accordance with City policies, the City will review all development proposals to determine the possible impacts of each development on emergency services. Impacts will be less than significant. 68 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment 1r7.itial Packet'Pg.412 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts h) Less than Significant Impact. The City of San Bernardino is susceptible to wildland fires due to the steep terrain and highly flammable chaparral vegetation of the foothills of the San Bernardino Mountains and high winds that correspond with seasonal dry periods. The characteristics of the San Bernardino Mountains and winds in the area indicate that large uncontrollable fires on a recurring basis are inevitable. Major fires have endangered the City on numerous occasions and in several instances,have spread into the City causing extensive damage. Portions of northern San Bernardino are located within a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VFHSZ), as documented on the latest maps prepared by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection 3s Opportunity Sites located along the CL northern boundary of the City and between 1-215 and Kendall Drive are located within = the Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ). One DUC (Arrowhead Farms) identified in General Plan Appendix 16 is located completely within a VHFHSZ. w Construction of residences within Very High FHSZs will be required to comply with California Building Code requirements for fire protection in areas prone to wildfires, in particular Section 701A that will require construction with fire resistant materials and x° methods to minimize property damage. Fire protection services would also continue to be provided for residences in the City and is further discussed in Section 4.14. With the a implementation of existing General Plan Policies, building code requirements and adequate fire protection services,impacts from wildfire on future development pursuant z to the policies of the General Plan amendments would be less than significant. -a c Applicable General Plan Safety Chapter Policies r Goal 10.11 Protect people and property from urban and wildland fire hazards. Policy 10.11.2 Work with the U.S. Forest Service and private landowners to ensure that a buildings are constructed,sites are developed,and vegetation and natural = areas are managed to minimize wildfire risks in the foothill areas of the City. Policy 10.11.3 Require that development in the High Fire Hazard Area,as designated on d the Fire Hazards Areas Map (Figure S-9) be subject to the provisions of the Hillside Management Overlay District (HMOD) and the Foothill Fire E Zones Overlay. r .r d 32 California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.Fire Hazard Severity Zones Maps. Cahforru p tTy http://www.fire.ca.gov/fire_prevention/fire_prevention_wildland_zones_maps.php[November 27, 2013]. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.413 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.9 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation m a) Violate any water quality standards or F-1 L1 ® ❑ waste discharge requirements? °- b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with E groundwater recharge such that there w would be a net deficit in aquifer volume _ or a lowering of the local groundwater ❑ ❑ ® ❑ N table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a Ievel which would not support existing c land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? o z c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including c�a through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner that would ❑ ❑ ® E] result in substantial erosion or siltation N m on-or off-site? r C d) Substantially alter the existing drainage a pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase ❑ ❑ ® ❑ the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding Q on-or off-site? c d e) Create or contribute runoff water which E would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Q provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? f) Otherwise substantially degrade water ❑ ❑ ❑ quality? 70 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet,Pg.414 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts PotentialIy Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation g) Place housing within a 100-yeaTfederal hazard area as mapped on a Flood Hazard Boundary or ❑Insurance Rate Map or other hazard delineation map? v a h) Place within a 100-year flood hazard D area structures which would impede or ❑ ❑ ® ❑ (D redirect flood flows? E m i) Expose people or structures to a W 0 significant risk of loss, injury or death S El involving flooding,including flooding as ❑ ® o a result of the failure of a levee or dam? _ j) Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or ❑ ❑ ® El o mudflow? 0 Z a) Less than Significant Impact. The project is a policy document that facilitates the production of housing and provides information on infrastructure in unincorporated CO disadvantaged communities within the City sphere of influence and does not include any a components that would change or conflict with water quality regulations or any waste N discharge standards. All new development projects must comply with the City's local procedures to control storm water runoff to prevent violations of regional water quality c standards,in accordance with its co-permittee obligations under the countywide municipal a storm water permit program, a component of the NPDES program of the federal Clean Water Act. All future development must connect to sewer or an adequate septic system as appropriate; direct discharges of wastewater to surface or ground waters would not be permitted. A less than significant impact will occur with the implementation of these existing requirements and procedures. a c d b) Less than Significant Impact. If the project removed an existing groundwater recharge area t or substantially reduced runoff that results in groundwater recharge, a potentially r significant impact could occur. San Bernardino overlies the Upper Santa Ana Valley a Groundwater Basin, Bunker Hill Subbasin. The Bunker Hill Basin consists of the alluvial materials that underlie the San Bernardino Valley. Recharge to the Bunker Hill Basin historically has resulted from infiltration of runoff from the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains. The Santa Ana River, Mill Creek and Lytle Creek contribute more than 60 percent of the total recharge to the ground-water system. Lesser contributors include Cajon Creek, San Timoteo Creek, and most of the creeks flowing southward out of the San Bernardino Mountains such as East Twin Creek. The subbasin is also replenished by deep percolation of water from precipitation and resulting runoff, percolation from delivered water, and water spread in streambeds and spreading grounds. Total groundwater storage of the Basin is 5,976,000 acre-feet,while as of 1998 the total amount of water in the Basin was 5,890,300 acre-feet. San Bernardino gets one hundred percent of its water from the Bunker City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.415 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Hill Basin. San Bernardino Municipal Water Department owns a total of 60 wells in the basin, some as much as 1,200 foot deep, that tap into the aquifer. Wells yield up to 5,000 gpm and average about 1,245 gpm 33 The proposed project is comprised of policy documents that would not authorize any specific development project or change any existing land use policies regulating location or intensities of uses,nor would it result in installation of any groundwater wells, and would not otherwise result in a direct withdrawal of groundwater. Future development is not anticipated to substantially interfere with groundwater recharge because the City requires m that storm water run-off in excess of existing conditions be directed to retention basins where the water will percolate into the ground, thereby recharging subsurface aquifers. D Impacts related to groundwater recharge and depletion will be less than significant. _ as E General Plan Energy and Water Conservation Chapter Policies w rn Goal 13.2 Manage and protect the quality of the City's surface waters and ground water basins. o Policy 13.2.2 Require that development not degrade surface or groundwater,especially in watersheds, or areas with high groundwater tables or highly permeable soils. z -a Policy 13.2.4 Require the use of reclaimed water for landscape irrigation and other non-contact uses for industrial projects, golf courses,and freeways. r Policy 13.2.7 Require that new development incorporate improvements to channel storm runoff to public storm drainage systems and prevent discharge of c pollutants into the groundwater basins and waterways. a Policy 13.2.8 Require that Best Management Practices(BMPs) are implemented for each project to control the discharge of point source and non-point source pollutants both during construction and for the life of the projects to protect the City's water quality. a c a� Policy 13.2.9 Require that new construction on a site that is at least one acre comply E with the General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Construction Activity (Construction General Permit 99-08-DWQ). Q c) Less than Significant Impact. The City of San Bernardino is largely developed. Wind and water both cause erosion that could be deposited in local or regional washes and other water bodies.Development of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites may alter the existing localized drainage patterns and increase the amount of impervious surfaces through the development of vacant properties. Any new development would be required to size storm water drainage facilities appropriately. The extreme topographic relief between the valley and the surrounding mountains makes erosion,and sedimentation an important issue for i some areas of the City. Erosion on steep or graded slopes especially in the northern portion 33 California Department of Water Resources.Groundwater Bulletin 118.Bunker Hill Subbasin.2004, 72 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.4'16 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts of the City where many of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites and some DUCs are located can contribute to slope failure hazards in the City. However, the City does have a Hillside Management Overlay Zone to regulate development within the City that would alter slopes in these areas. Any impact to the drainage pattern and potential erosion hazards would be mitigated on a project by project basis by adherence to the NPDES requirements as well as the City's Municipal Code (or County's Municipal Code, as applicable), which includes provisions for on-site water retention. Additionally, the General Plan contains methods to reduce erosion through goals,policies,and programs related to the protection of drainage systems. The General Plan policies also require compliance with the NPDES program.Impacts related to erosion and siltation will be less than significant. e. General Plan Policies as E Policy 10.5.4 Require new development and significant redevelopment to utilize site W preparation, grading and foundation designs that provide erosion control to prevent sedimentation and contamination of waterways. 0 Policy 13.2.10 Require that development in the City's watersheds incorporate adequate landscape and groundcover to prevent slope erosion and significant sedimentation of canyon drainages. 0 Z Policy 9.4.10 Ensure compliance with the Federal Clean Water Act requirements for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits, including requiring the development of Water Quality Management D Plans, Erosion and Sediment Control Plans, and Storm Water Pollution N Prevention Plans for all qualifying public and private development and significant redevelopment in the City. "c a d) Less than Significant Impact. The Housing Element Update and General Plan Amendments related to SB 244 are not likely to result in the alteration of the course of a stream or river. However,future development of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites or r development in DUCs may incrementally alter the existing drainage patterns within the San a Bernardino area and increase the amount of impervious surfaces through the development (D of vacant residentially zoned areas.However,any future development would be required to E size storm water drainage facilities appropriately.The City's Development Code (19.30.090) w requires the installation of storm drainage and/or retention improvements. With Q implementation of existing regulations and the City's Development Code, impacts associated with on-or off-site flooding will be less than significant. e) Less than Significant Impact. Residential development typically does not generate significant water pollutants through point discharges but does contribute to water quality impacts due to community-wide and regional urban runoff. New development projects associated with the implementation of the proposed Housing Element would be required to 0 ensure project-specific and citywide drainage systems have adequate capacity to accommodate new development. The majority of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites are vacant (with the exception of the Carousel Mall property). Thus, runoff from future development of the Opportunity Sites would be expected to increase runoff to the existing City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.417 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts storm drain system. However, all new housing or redevelopment projects are required to construct the necessary drainage improvements to adequately accommodate any additional runoff,in compliance with existing City requirements.The Amendments associated with SB 244 would not authorize any particular new development or induce growth. Thus, the Amendments would not create or contribute to water runoff water.Impacts will be less than significant. f) No Impact. The proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments do not authorize construction or redevelopment of any particular property and would not result in any new or more extensive sources of water pollutants. No other impacts to water quality a will occur. Q' c g-h) Less than Significant. Flooding represents a potential hazard in San Bernardino, E especially at the base of the mountains and foothills. Portions of the City are located within w a 100-year flood plain according to the Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood = Insurance Rate Maps as well as General Plan EIR Figure 5.7-1. DUCs and Housing Element Opportunity Sites located along the northern boundary of the City at the base of the San 0 Bernardino Mountains could be subjected to flooding from mountain drainage. General Plan Policy 10.6.5 prohibits land use development and/or the construction of any structure intended for human occupancy within the 100-year flood plain as mapped by FEMA unless `N adequate mitigation is provided against flood hazards.The General Plan limits potential for z development of residential structures in flood prone areas; thus impacts related to 100-year a flood hazards will be less than significant. General Plan Policies N Goal 10.6 Protect the lives and properties of residents and visitors of the City from flood hazards. Q r c Policy 10.6.1 Maintain flood control systems and restrict development to minimize hazards due to flooding. w Policy 10.6.4 Evaluate all development proposals located in areas that are subject to a flooding to minimize the exposure of life and property to potential flood CD risks. E Policy 10.6.5 Prohibit land use development and/or the construction of any structure a intended for human occupancy within the 100-year flood plain as mapped by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) unless adequate mitigation is provided against flood hazards. Policy 10.6.7 Utilize flood control methods that are consistent with Regional Water Quality Control Board Policies and Best Management Practices(BMPs). Policy 10.6.8 Review development proposals for projects within the City s Sphere of Influence and encourage the County to disapprove any project that cannot be protected with an adequate storm drain system. 74 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial I Packet Pg.418 6.A.LL Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Policy 10.6.10 Design local drains in foothill areas to convey 25-year storm flows where downstream systems are lacking and street systems are not present. Policy 10.6.11 Design major drains in foothill to convey 100-year flows within a pipe or channel areas where downstream systems are lacking and street systems are not present. i) Less than Significant Impact. Flood inundation resulting from the failure of the Seven Oaks Dam is a potential hazard for the City of San Bernardino. Seven Oaks Dam is a single purpose flood control project constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. CL The dam is located on the Santa Ana River in the upper Santa Ana Canyon eight miles northeast of the City of Redlands, which borders the City of San Bernardino to the southeast.The dam is of earth and rock filled construction,is 550 feet in height and 2,600 E feet wide. w rn The Dam operates in tandem with Prado Dam to provide flood protection to the region. During the early part of each flood season, runoff is stored behind the dam in order to =° build a debris pool to protect the outlet works. Small releases are made on a continual basis in order to maintain the downstream water supply. The dam is designed to Q provide 350-year flood protection and withstand an earthquake of 8-plus magnitude. During flood conditions, it creates a lake 500 feet deep extending three miles back into Z C) the canyon.In the unlikely event of dam failure,an inundation zone for the Seven Oaks = Dam has been determined as shown on General Plan EIR Figure 5.7-2.The southeastern portion of the City would be affected if inundation occurred. The majority of the Housing Element Opportunity Sites and DUCs are not located in the dam inundation 0) area. The National Dam Safety Act of 2006 authorized a program to reduce the risks to life and property from dam failure by establishing a safety and maintenance program. _ The program requires regular inspection of dams to reduce the risks associated with Q dam failures. Impacts due to risk of loss,injury or death involving flooding, due to dam inundation will be less than significant pursuant to existing regulations on dam safety. E j) Less than Significant Impact. A tsunami is a large wave that generates in the ocean, a generally from an earthquake,and builds intense strength and height before impacting a coast. San Bernardino is not subject to impacts from a tsunami because it is not located near an ocean or sea. A seiche is the process by which water sloshes outside its containing boundaries,generally due to an earthquake.A seiche may cause an overflow o of a lake, reservoir or lagoon. The General Plan EIR indicates that no features of this a nature exist in San Bernardino or the SOI. The Santa Ana River and its tributaries especially those out of the mountainous areas have the potential to carry large amounts of debris, or debris flow. Debris has the potential to fill or plug structures designed to collect and convey runoff, forcing floodwaters into the adjacent areas.Rapidly moving flows heavily laden with debris are also extremely dangerous. Mudflows are a potential hazard in San Bernardino,as well, especially to development at the base of the mountains. Housing Element Opportunity Sites and DUCs are located along the northern boundary of the City at the base of the San Bernardino Mountains, However, development of vacant areas within the City would be required to adhere to the Hillside Management Overlay Zone, and all new City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.419 6.A.d Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts development must meet the requirements of the Santa Ana Region Area-Wide Urban Strom Water Run-off permit (NPDES) which would limit the potential for mudflow 34 H With adherence to the Hillside Management Overlay Zone regulations and NPDES requirements, impacts to Opportunity Sites and DUCs related to seiches, tsunami, and mudflows will be less than significant. d m a c m E ID W a� N O 2 r O N 0 Z a C O 3 C Q C d E t v to Q C N E t v N r Y Q 14 City of San Bernardino General PIan EIR.Environmental Analysis p.5.7-21.2005. 76 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.420 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Ixn acts 4.10 -- LAND USE AND PLANNING Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a) Physically divide an established �' ❑ ❑ ❑ community? j b)' Conflict with any applicable land use C plan, policy, or regulation of an agency E with jurisdiction over the project °' (including,but not limited to the general w plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted N 0 for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating = an environmental effect? 0 rn c) Conflict with any applicable habitat 21 conservation plan or natural community ❑ ❑ ❑ ® z conservation plan? c a) No Impact. A significant impact would occur if the proposed project were sufficiently 0 large or configured in such a way so as to create a physical barrier within an established CO community. The proposed Housing Element sites are scattered throughout the City, "a with the majority located along the northern boundary of the City at the base of the San E Bernardino Mountains. Remaining Housing Element sites are located throughout the a City and are surrounded primarily by existing residential and commercial land uses. The proposed General Plan Amendment to comply with SB 244 recognizes the boundaries of existing communities. The proposed General Plan Amendments rely on existing land use designations for development, and would not create any sort of physical barrier within the community, as no changes are proposed. Rather, the mix of a uses where allowed (e.g. Carousel Mall Housing Element Site) may serve to facilitate CD pedestrian connections in these areas. Furthermore, project implementation would not E provide for infrastructure systems such as new roadways or flood control channels that are not already planned and previously considered under the General Plan EIR.As such, a the project would not divide or disrupt neighborhoods or any other established community elements in this previously developed and urbanized area. Therefore, no impact will occur. a) No Impact. The San Bernardino Housing Element sets forth policies to encourage housing development consistent with adopted land use policies established in the General Plan. No changes in land use or development intensities are proposed. The Housing Element does not include any goals, policies, or programs that would conflict with adopted General Plan goals and policies to mitigate environmental effects. In general,the intent of the goals and policies remains the same from the previous housing element. As required by California Housing Element law, the update provides current City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet=Pg.421 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts data on housing ul the community and an analysis of the land available to meet,the community's anticipated housing needs, as determined by HCD and SCAG in the RHNA. The update also includes programs for providing housing assistance and facilitating housing development. All housing opportunity sites and development densities identified to meet the City's RHNA are consistent with the existing Land Use Plan designations and all other pertinent policies of the General Plan and the Zoning' Code. General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 provide clarifications and new information but do not revise existing policy with regard to infrastructure, and as such no conflicts with existing policies would occur. There will be no significant impact on any plan,policy,or regulation of an agency having jurisdiction over the project adopted. for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect. No impact would E occur. d W rn b) No Impact. According to the Conservation Plans and Agreements database, there are no Habitat Conservation Plans or Natural Community Conservation Plans located in x° San Bernardino 35 No impact could occur. 0 o� N O Z C CO r •C Q r C E s V t0 w+ Q C d E t v t0 Q 35 U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service. Conservation Plans and Agreements Database. http://ecos.fws.gov/conserv-plans/"12ublie.jsp[December 3,20131 78 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.422 i i j s.a.a Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.11 - MINERAL RESOURCES Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation Q. D a) Result in the loss of availability of a = known mineral resource that would be E of value to the region and the residents ❑ ❑ ® ❑ m of the state? W rn c b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource 0 recovery site delineated on a local ❑ ❑ ® ❑ general plan, specific plan or other land c use plan? N 0 a-b) Less than Significant Impact. Mineral extraction is an important component of San Bernardino's economy. In the San Bernardino City area,the bulk of the construction aggregate is found in the natural sand and gravel deposits of Cajon Wash,Lytle Creek,Warm Creek,City Creek, and the Santa Ana River. Several areas within the San Bernardino region have been N classified as Mineral Resource Zone 2 (MRZ-2) (General Plan EIR Figure 5.9-1). MRZ-2 areas indicate the existence of a construction aggregate deposit that meets certain State criteria for E value and marketability based solely on geologic factors. However, the State Mining and a Geology Board does not utilize existing land uses as criteria in its classification of MRZs, thus = the classification of MRZs can occur in areas that are already developed with a variety of uses and intensities, even though these areas are unsuitable for mineral production. Regionally significant construction aggregate sectors within the City are depicted in General Plan EIR Figure 5.9-2. Private lands within the City that are part of the significant construction aggregate a sectors are designated as Industrial Extractive and Industrial Heavy to facilitate mineral resource development. The Housing Element sites are located in residential or mixed-use t zoning and land use districts and will not impact any land that is identified by the City for mineral extraction. The DUCs are not located in any areas identified for construction aggregate a sectors or existing Industrial Extraction or Industrial heavy Use Zones. The Housing Element update and General Plan amendments related to SB 244 do not propose any changes to authorize new development where it would not otherwise be permitted to occur, and thus do not represent a loss in availability of a known mineral resource. A less than significant impact will occur. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.423 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.12 - NOISE Would the project result in: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation (D Incorporation D 0. a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or El 2 noise ordinance, or applicable standards w of other agencies? .S b) Exposure of persons to or generation of 0 excessive groundborne vibration or [] L1 ® [] groundborne noise levels? c rn c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project z vicinity above levels existing without the -a project? d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the N 1:1 ® E_ project vicinity above levels existing without the project? S e) For a project located within an airport Q land use plan or,where such a plan has _ d not been adopted, within two miles of a E public airport or public use airport, [� would the project expose people residing a or working in the project area, to w excessive noise levels? _ (D E f) For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip,would the project expose ❑ ® ❑ Q people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? 80 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment lnitial Packet Pg.424 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts San Bernardino is affected by several different sources of noise, including automobile, rail, and air traffic, sports events, commercial and industrial activity, and periodic nuisances such as construction. Fundamentals of Sound and Environmental Noise Noise can be defined as unwanted sound. Sound (and therefore noise) consists of energy waves that people receive and interpret. Sound pressure levels are described in logarithmic units of ratios of sound pressures to a reference pressure, squared. These units are called bels. In order to provide a finer description of sound, a bel is subdivided into ten decibels, , abbreviated dB. To account for the range of sound that human hearing perceives, a modified scale is utilized known as the A-weighted decibel (dBA). Since decibels are logarithmic units, sound pressure levels cannot be added or subtracted by ordinary arithmetic means. For example, if one automobile produces a sound pressure level of 70 dBA when it passes an E observer, two cars passing simultaneously would not produce 140 dB. In fact, they would w combine to produce 73 dBA. This same principle can be applied to other traffic quantities as well. In other words, doubling the traffic volume on a street or the speed of the traffic will increase the traffic noise level by 3 dBA. Conversely,halving the traffic volume or speed will = reduce the traffic noise level by 3 dBA. A 3 dBA change in sound is the level where humans generally notice a barely perceptible change in sound and a 5 dBA change is generally readily N perceptible.36 �- 0 Z Noise consists of pitch, loudness, and duration; therefore, a variety of methods for measuring = noise has been developed. According to the California General Plan Guidelines for Noise Elements,the following are common metrics for measuring noise 37 r LEQ (Equivalent Energy Noise Level): The sound level corresponding to a steady-state R sound level containing the same total energy as a time-varying signal over given sample c periods. LEQ is typically computed over 1-,8-,and 24-hour sample periods. a c CNEL (Community Noise Equivalent Level): The average equivalent A-weighted sound level during a 24-hour day, obtained after addition of five decibels to sound levels in the evening from 7:00 P.M.to 10:00 P.M. and after addition of ten decibels to sound levels in the night from 10:00 P.M.to 7:00 A.M.. a u d LDN (Day-Night Average Level):The average equivalent A-weighted sound level during a E 24-hour day, obtained after the addition of ten decibels to sound levels in the night after r 10:00 P.M. and before 7:00 A.M.. Q CNEL and LDN are utilized for describing ambient noise levels because they account for all noise sources over an extended period of time and account for the heightened sensitivity of people to noise during the night. LEQ is better utilized for describing specific and consistent sources because of the shorter reference period. f 36 California Department of Transportation. Basics of Highway Noise:Technical Noise Supplement, November 2009. 37 California Governor's Office of Planning and Research. General Plan Guidelines. 2003. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.425 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Fundamentals of Environmental Groundborne Vibration Vibration is sound_radiated through the ground.The rumbling sound caused by the vibration of room surfaces is called groundborne noise.The ground motion caused by vibration is measured as particle velocity in inches per second, and in the U.S. is referenced as vibration decibels (VdB). The background vibration velocity level in residential and educational areas is usually around 50 VdB. The vibration velocity level threshold of perception for humans is approximately 65 VdB. A vibration velocity level of 75 VdB is the approximately dividing line between barely w perceptible and distinctly perceptible levels for many people. Sources within buildings such as operation of mechanical equipment,movement of people,or the slamming of doors causes most :3 perceptible indoor vibration. Typical outdoor sources of perceptible groundborne vibration are construction equipment, steel-wheeled trains, and traffic on rough roads. If a roadway is E smooth, the groundborne vibration from traffic is rarely perceptible. The range of interest is w from approximately 50 VdB, which is the typical background vibration velocity level, and 100 VdB,which is the general threshold where minor damage can occur in fragile buildings. 0 x The general human response to different levels of groundborne vibration velocity levels is described in Table 9 (Human Reaction to Vibration). N O Table 9 Z Human Reaction to Vibration 0 r 65 VdB Approximate threshold of perception for many people. - 2 Approximate dividing line between barely perceptible and distinctly 75 VdB perceptible. Many people find that transportation-related vibration at Q this level in unacceptable. c 85 VdB Vibration acceptable only if there are an infrequent number of events E per day. v Source: Federal Transit Administration,Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment,May 2006 R a a) Less than Significant Impact.The primary contributor to ambient noise in the planning area is automobile, air, and rail traffic. Several major transportation routes traverse the City of San E Bernardino: State Routes 210, 18,30,330, and 66, as well as Interstates 10 and 215.Trains travel a on three different rail lines through the City including: (1) The Cajon Pass Line;.(2) The Main 1 Line-Redlands,which extends eastward to the City of Redlands; and, (3)The Main Line-Colton, which extends westward to the City of Colton.Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) and Union Pacific (UP) also operate rail lines within the City. These rail lines include: (1) The Santa Fe Subdivision Two Line, (2) The Santa Fe Subdivision Three Line; and, (3) The Santa Fe Cajon Pass Line.The San Bernardino International Airport(SBIA)is located in the southeastern part of the City and accommodates cargo,airlines,and general aviation. The City of San Bernardino Noise Ordinance (Section 19.20.030.15 of the Development Code) specifies the maximum acceptable levels of noise for residential uses in the City. These standards indicate that exterior noise levels at residential locations should not exceed a CNEL of 65 dB while interior levels shall not exceed an annual CNEL of 45 dB in any habitable room. 82 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment lnitial Packet Pg.426 I Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Im acts 4 u Chapter 12, Airport Overlay District, of the Development Code provides additional noise standards related to the flight operations of the San Bernardino International Airport and Trade Center within the 65 dB noise contours. Title 8.54.050 of the San Bernardino Municipal Code controls the hours of operation for activities and equipment that generate loud noises such as leaf blowers (Ord.MC-1246,5-21-07). The ordinance makes it unlawful for any person to engage in listed activities other that between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.in residential zones and between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.in all other zones. d Noise is regulated by numerous codes and ordinances across Federal,State, and local agencies. The General Plan Noise Chapter references noise standards from other agencies such as the = Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD),U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Railroad Administration, w and the California Department of Health Services (DHS). In addition, the Noise Chapter of the San Bernardino General Plan includes goals and policies related to the abatement of transportation and non-transportation related noise sources. x° Since the proposed General Plan Amendments do not include any changes to land uses designated by the General Plan, nor result in any substantial traffic or other noise sources as N analyzed in the General Plan EIR,the analysis included within the General Plan EIR would also Z apply to the proposed General Plan Amendments. Since the Housing Element and the a proposed Land Use Element Appendix amendments would not increase any of the impacts as analyzed in the General Plan EIR, with the implementation of the General Plan policies 3 (reviewed below),impacts will be less than significant. y R General Plan Policies Policy 14.1.1 Minimize, reduce, or prohibit, as may be required, the new development of a housing, health care facilities, schools, libraries, religious facilities, and other noise sensitive uses in areas where existing or future noise levels exceed an Ldn of 65 dB(A) exterior and an Ldn of 45 dB(A) interior if the noise cannot be r reduced to these levels. a w c Policy 14.1.4 Prohibit the development of new or expansion of existing industrial,commercial, s or other uses that generate noise impacts on housing, schools, health care facilities or other sensitive uses above a Ldn of 65 dB(A). a Policy 14.2.15 Work with all railroad operators in the City to properly maintain lines and establish operational restrictions during the early morning and late.evening hours to reduce impacts in residential areas and other noise sensitive areas. Policy 14.2.16 Work with all railroad operators to install noise mitigation features where operations impact existing adjacent residential or other noise-sensitive uses. AOWAkk Policy 14.2.18 Limit the development of sensitive land uses located within the 65 decibel (dB) Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) contour, as defined in the City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.427 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the SBIA and depicted in General Plan Figure LU-4. b) Less than Significant Impact. Groundborne vibration can result in impacts from minor annoyances to people to major shaking that damages buildings. The primary source of groundborne vibration within the City would be heavy construction activities. There may also be groundborne vibration occurring from trains on local railways. According to the Caltrans Transportation-and Construction-Induced Vibration Guidance Manual, other transportation sources. are not a significant source of vibration and therefore are not discussed below. ;, (. Groundborne vibration generated by construction projects is usually highest during pile driving,rock blasting,soil compacting,jack-hammering,and demolition-related activities. Next = to pile driving, grading activity has the greatest potential for vibration impacts if large E bulldozers or large trucks are used. Long-term operation of housing does not utilize machinery w that would generate substantial amounts of vibration. The construction of future potential c housing developments could utilize machinery that would generate substantial amounts of ground vibration, especially where mass grading is required Table 10 (Common Construction x° Vibration) summarizes vibration levels from common construction equipment. Impacts to structures can occur from 0.08 PPV to 2.00 PPV depending on the duration of the vibration and the age.of the structure. Similarly, human annoyance to vibration can occur from 0.01 PPV to 2.00 PPV depending on the duration. Z 0 a Table 10 `4 Common Construction Vibration r Crack-and-Seat Operations 2.400 Vibratory Roller 0.210 — Large Bulldozer 0.089 Q Caisson Drilling 0.089 = d Loaded Trucks 0.076 E Jackhammer 0.035 Small Bulldozer 0.003 Q Source:California Department of Transportation 2004 r c m Vibration impacts are temporary and rare except in cases where large equipment is used near t existing,occupied development. Construction noise and associated vibration will be controlled w through the time restrictions currently established in the City's Noise Control requirements. Q Section 8.54.050 of the Municipal Code requires that construction activity and equipment maintenance is limited to the hours between 8:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. in residential districts and 7:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. in all other districts. These restrictions will minimize potential annoyance from vibration impacts to nearby residential development during sensitive evening and noise hours. Noise and vibration impacts will be evaluated on a project-by-project basis pursuant to CEQA and the City's local implementation procedures. Vibration is difficult to control and the best methods for mitigation are avoidance. Typical vibration mitigation includes routing and placement of equipment to maximize distance to receptors and use of alternative equipment, such as use of drilled pile drivers as opposed to impact drivers. Subsurface dampeners can also be utilized to reduce groundborne vibration. Impacts on future development related to 84 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.428 . 6.A.d Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts exposure to groundborne vibration will be less than significant with implementation of Iocal environmental review procedures. No significant impacts would be associated with vibration from rail lines or construction as associated with General Plan amendments, as no land use policy changes, particular developments,or infrastructure improvements are proposed. c) Less than Significant Impact. Residential land uses do not typically produce excessive noise either individually or cumulatively that could substantially increase existing, ambient noise levels.The future development of the Housing Element Sites will increase ambient noise levels CL due to increased traffic generation in the project vicinity. Future development pursuant to Housing Element policy on the identified Housing Element Sites is anticipated to generate a total of approximately 119,571 daily vehicle trips. Thus, development of the Housing Element Sites would partially contribute to the noise volumes identified in the General Plan EIR. w However, the proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendments do not include c changes to land uses and intensities designated in the current General Plan and analyzed in the EIR. The Housing Element does not propose any specific development or any land use changes = that would invalidate this prior finding or further increase traffic levels beyond those analyzed in the General Plan EIR. Project specific increases in ambient noise levels due to future rn development on each Housing Element Site or within DUCs will be evaluated as development is proposed over the long-term pursuant to existing policies and procedures. With these Z existing policies and procedures,impacts related to increases in ambient noise levels will be less than significant. R d) Less than Significant Impact. The proposed Housing Element and General Plan N Amendments do not authorize the development or redevelopment of any particular site but do i include policies that could facilitate development of future housing. Temporary increases in local noise levels would be associated with construction activities of future development in a identified areas. Construction noise will be controlled through the time restrictions currently established in the City's noise control requirements. The General Plan Amendemtns would not result in any new or more severe temporary noise impacts associated with construction as the General Plan Amendments do not propose land uses or intensities not already designated in the r General Plan and analyzed in the EIR. Continued enforcement of the City's noise restrictions a will reduce temporary noise impacts associated with the General Plan Amendments to a less- than-significant level. e-f) Less than Significant Impact. The San Bernardino International Airport (formerly Norton a Air Force Base) is located within the southeast portion of the City.Airport noise generated from large aircraft contributes to the noise environment within the City. An Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan (ACLUP) has not been adopted at the time of preparation of this analysis. According to the noise contours included in the Airport Layout Plan,Housing Element Sites are not within the 65 dBA CNEL contour and will not be impacted by airport operations. In addition, there are no private airstrips located within two miles of the Housing ElernentSites. No specific new development is associated with the proposed Housing Element and General ' Plan Amendments, and no changes to safety policies related to air traffic are proposed.Airport noise impacts will be less than significant. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.429 i Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts r q d Y f0 Q D Y C E W G to O O Z r O CD N z C O O Y cn cD C • U Y Y Q Y QD E U Y Y Q 86 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.430 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.13 - POPULATION AND HOUSING Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation m a) Induce substantial population growth in a an area, either directly (for example, by c proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through ® m extension of roads or other w infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction [] ❑ ® ❑ of replacement housing elsewhere? c as c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Z Z replacement housing elsewhere? ca a a) Less than Significant Impact. Adoption and implementation of the Housing Element will not directly result in population growth. Population growth is a complex N interaction among immigration, emigration, birth, deaths, and economic factors. The w proposed Housing Element is designed to guide and accommodate the inevitable population growth the community will face over the short and long term. The Census a reported the City had a population of 185,401 in 2000 and 209,924 as of 2010, which represents an approximately 13.2 percent increase. SCAG's Regional Transportation E Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy(RTP/SCS) estimated a 2008 population for San Bernardino of 209,900 and projects an estimated population of 231,200 and 261,400 by a 2020 and 2035,respectively. r c a� Construction of future new housing on the Housing Element Sites would result in an increase of approximately 14,003 new dwelling units and approximately 47,890 new residents (14,003 dwelling units at 3.42 persons per household). Because the proposed a Housing Element does not include any changes in land use or densities already allowed in the General Plan, this increase is within the growth assumptions estimated by SCAG and therefore will adequately accommodate future residential growth. In addition, the proposed Housing Element and identified opportunity sites are projected to meet the City's RHNA (4,384 units), which is correlated with the City's long-term growth projected by SCAG. No land use changes are proposed through the General Plan Amendments to comply with SB 244 and no particular development would be authorized as associated with the project.Impacts will be less than significant. b) Less than Significant Impact. The proposed Housing Element is designed to encourage and facilitate housing development and preserve and enhance existing housing stock. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.431 6.A,d Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts i The City is urbanized and largely built out. The sites inventory identifies vacant land and one underutilized property, the 44-acre Carousel Mall property, which contains no existing housing units on site. The availability of residential units will increase as a result of the Housing Element and no net loss would occur. The other proposed General Plan Amendments do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose or anticipate any specific development proposals or infrastructure projects. Therefore, these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan EIR. Impact will be less than significant. F d Y c) Less than Significant Impact. The proposed Housing Element will not directly displace a any people because the project does not authorize the demolition or conversion of any housing unit. Existing housing units do not currently exist on the identified Housing Element sites. The identified sites are either vacant or underutilized properties. The E Carousel Mall property is the only non-vacant property identified and it currently is not w used for residential purposes. The Housing Element does not authorize the acquisition of any existing residential dwelling unit. New housing,if constructed on these sites,will produce more units than exist today, providing greater opportunities for people to x° purchase or rent homes in San Bernardino. The impact will be less than significant. 0 a� N Z C 7 Y cC C a Y d E Y Y a Y d E V Y Y a 88 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.432 6.A.d Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.14 - PUBLIC SERVICES Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: (D Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact 0. Impact with Impact +, Mitigation Incorporation E a) Fire protection? ❑ ❑ ® ❑ 0 b) Police protection? ❑ ❑ ® El M 0 c) Schools? 1 ❑ d) Parks? ❑ ❑ ® ❑ N_ e) Other public facilities? ❑ L ❑ ® ❑ o z a-e) Less than Significant Impact. The San Bernardino Housing Element update sets forth policies and programs to encourage housing development consistent with adopted 3 General Plan land use polices. Residential development constructed pursuant to cn Housing Element policy will incrementally increase the need for fire and police j protection, schools, and parks. SCAG estimates that the City's population will be F 261,400 in 2035. The Housing Element's goal to facilitate 4,384 new units by 2021 would Q increase the local housing stock from approximately 60,614 to 64,998 units and would increase the resident population by approximately 14,993 persons (4,384 dwelling units at 3.42 persons per household). The other proposed General Plan Amendments do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose or anticipate any a specific development proposals or infrastructure projects. Therefore,these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan EIR. The d General Plan E1R indicates that build out of the land use plan would result in less than significant impacts to parks,schools,fire,or police services. a .r a Fire Protection The City of San Bernardino is serviced by the San Bernardino City Fire Department (SBCFD). The SBCFD serves a resident population of over 180,300 and covers a diverse service area of 60 square miles. Future plans for development and redevelopment will be reviewed by City staff to determine any impacts of development on emergency services and are also subject to review by the San Bernardino Fire Department for compliance with applicable standards and policies. Future plans for development are also subject to the policies of the General Plan Safety Chapter. The policies within the Safety Chapter, Public Facilities &Services Chapter, and Utilities Chapter are designed to ensure adequate provision of public services in response to long-term growth. Property taxes and other special taxes paid by future property owners will also support City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.433 Section 4•Evaluation of Environmental Impacts the incremental expansion of public services as the population in the City grows. Impacts to public services will be less than significant. Fire Protection in Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities As required by Senate Bill 244, Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required to be identified in a city's General Plan,along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities.Seven areas within the City of San Bernardino's sphere of influence have been identified as DUCs. (See Exhibit 3:Map of DUCs) a The DUCs are adequately served by fire services. The distance from the closest fire station to any of the DUCs is approximately two miles. This distance is close enough to d allow for adequate response time for urban uses within nine minutes, pursuant to w National Fire Protection Association response time standards. No changes to land use policy are proposed within the DUCs.Impacts would be less than significant. 0 x Police " Future plans for development and redevelopment will be reviewed by City staff to determine any impacts of development on emergency services and are also subject to review by San Bernardino's Police Department for compliance with applicable standards o Z and policies. Future plans for development are also subject to the policies of the General = Plan Safety Chapter, The Safety Chapter and Public Facilities and Services Chapter policies are designed to ensure adequate provision of public services in response to long-term growth. Property taxes and other special taxes paid by future property CO owners will also support the incremental expansion of public services as the population m in the City grows. Impacts to police services will be less than significant. c a Schools }' c Educational services within the majority of the planning area are provided by the San Bernardino City Unified School District (SBCUSD). Portions of the planning area also extend into Colton Joint Unified, Redlands Unified, and Rialto Unified School Districts. .2 Any impact on the provision of school services is mitigated through the payment of a development impact fees pursuant to the Leroy F. Green School Facilities Act. With payment of required fees,impact will be less than significant. E �a Parks Q According to the General Plan (Table PRT-1), the City will experience a shortfall in required parkland at buildout if no additional parks are provided. The City utilizes a park acreage standard of five acres.per 1,000 residents. The City uses the State Quimby Act and its Development Code for fees and land dedications as well as the Capital Improvement Program to establish standards and schedules for acquisition and development of new .park or rehabilitation of existing parks and recreation facilities. Any future housing development will be required to pay development impact fees in accordance with this existing regulation; thus deterioration of existing parks and recreation facilities will be less than significant as a result of future housing development because parks and recreation facilities will be incrementally expanded to 90 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.434 s.aa Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts meet future residential demand. Furthermore,no land use changes are proposed as part of the General Plan amendment which would increase demand. Other Public Facilities Build-out of the San Bernardino General Plan would result in an increase in population within the City necessitating the need for additional collections for the public libraries within the City of San Bernardino Public Library system. However, capital costs to provide additional facilities and improvements would be funded by the State Library Fund bond measure and operating costs through the normal City revenue sources and budgetary process.Upon implementation of General Plan policies, the impact to library services would be less than significant. c as E d W . rn N O I � 07 N O Z � a f _ f r U) �a is r G .E d a � c E Lil � U Q E V w Q i City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.435 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.15 - RECREATION Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation (D .. a) Would the project increase the use of CL existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such ❑ 1:1 ® El _ that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be m accelerated? w 0 b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or = expansion of recreational facilities that El might have an adverse physical effect on o the environment? N 0 Z a) Less than Significant Impact. According to the General Plan, there are a total of 52 c developed parks totaling 539.98 acres. In addition to City facilities, the County Regional M Parks system includes Glen Helen,Yucaipa,Lake Gregory,Cucamonga, Guasti,Prado, and 3 Mojave Narrows, all within a range of approximately 10 to 40 miles of the City of San co Bernardino. The nearest to the City is Glen Helen Park, which provides a multi-faceted recreation area for fishing,boating,picnicking and other activities for many City dwellers. a The City uses the State Quimby Act and its Development Code for fees and land dedications as well as the Capital Improvement Program to establish standards and schedules for E acquisition and development of new park or rehabilitation of existing parks and recreation facilities. The City utilizes a park acreage standard of five acres per 1,000 residents. This is a one acre greater than the land required by the state's Quimby Act, which requires developers to provide land and/or fees for new parks based on a standard of four acres per thousand residents. The City Development Code (Chapter 19.30) provides for the payment s of a fee for each new residential dwelling unit constructed. The fee is placed in a specially r .designated fund and is used for acquisition and development of new or improvement of a existing neighborhood and community parks and recreational facilities. Any future housing development will be required to pay development impact fees in accordance with this existing regulation; thus deterioration of existing parks and recreation facilities will be less than significant as a result of future housing development because parks and recreation facilities will be incrementally expanded to meet future residential demand. No land use changes or infrastructure projects are proposed as part of the General Plan Amendments and no changes to parkland are proposed. Therefore, these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan EIR. b) Less than Significant Impact. The General Plan Amendments would not result in the direct construction of any recreation facilities. Future construction of recreation facilities in 92 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial F Packet Pg.436 i I I V Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts response to incremental, long-term population increases will be subject to the City's standard environmental review process pursuant to CEQA. Local recreation facilities typically do not result in significant impacts. Impacts related to the potential construction of future recreation facilities will be less than significant. a� Y Q E d W M �N 7 O 2 O O N Z a c ca A CO R E Q • C • d E t v R Q w C d E t v ca Q City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.16 - TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a; a a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the d performance of the circulation system, w taking into account all modes of c transportation including mass transit O ❑ ® ❑ and non-motorized travel and relevant ° x components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections, streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, p and mass transit? Z c b) Conflict with an applicable congestion R management program, including, but not limited to level of service standards and travel demand measures, or other E] standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways? Q c c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, E including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results r in substantial safety risks? Q d) Substantially increase hazards due to a E design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections)or incompatible ® r uses(e.g.,farm equipment)? Q e) Result in inadequate emergency access? [] f) Conflict with adopted policies,plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance or safety of such facilities? a) Less than Significant Impact. Development of future housing developed pursuant to Housing Element policy on the identified opportunity sites would result in approximately 119,571 weekday, 127,003 Saturday, and 109,725 Sunday daily vehicle 94 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initiall Packet Pg.438 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts trips at build-out based on CalFEMod analysis used for air quality and greenhouse gas emissions (see Appendix A). (This calculation does not account for any discount on trips associated with existing uses on the one non-vacant Housing Element site.) The proposed Housing Element will not directly result in construction of any development or infrastructure, but future residential development supported by the policies of the updated Housing Element will result in additional traffic. However, since the Housing Element would not alter any land use designations that would affect the traffic impacts presented in the General Plan EIR, no additional impacts beyond those analyzed in the General Plan would occur. The other proposed General Plan Amendments do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose or anticipate any 'a specific development proposals or infrastructure projects. Therefore,these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan EIR. E b) Less than Significant Impact. The Congestion Management Program (CMP) is w administered by the San Bernardino Associated Governments (SANBAG). The CMP establishes a service goal of LOS E or better on all CMP roadway segment. According to the SANBAG Map Viewer,CMP facilities within the City of San Bernardino include: x° • Del Rosa&3rd • Pepper&Rialto • Del Rosa&S.Date * Rancho&Foothill(SR-66) • Del Rosa Ave. &Highland Ave. Rancho&Rialto ° Z • Del Rosa Dr.&5th Street • Sterling&Baseline = • Del Rosa Dr.&Baseline • Sterling Ave.&3rd Street • E Street&2nd Street Sterling Ave. &5th Street ° • E Street&9th Street • Sterling Ave.&Highland N • E Street&Baseline • Tippecanoe&3rd Street • E Street&Highland Tippecanoe&Mill • E Street&Mill(Inland Center) • Tippecanoe&S.Bernardino a • E Street&Orange Show Waterman&2nd St. • E Street&Rialto Ave. Waterman&3rd St. E • H St.&5th St. (SR-66) Waterman&5th St. • Hunts Ln. &Redlands • Waterman&9th St. a • I Street&3rd Street • Waterman&9th St. Kendall Dr(SR-206) &40th St. • Waterman&Barton E • Mt.Vernon&2nd Street .Waterman&Baseline • Mt.Vernon&5th Street • Waterman&Highland a • Mt.Vernon&Baseline - • Waterman&Hospitality Ln. • Mt.Vernon&Highland • Waterman&Mill • Mt.Vernon&Mill • Waterman&Redlands • Mt.Vernon&Rialto Waterman(SR-18) &40th St • Palm&Highland(SR-30) • Waterman EB Ramps &SR-210 • Palm&Pacific • Waterman WB Ramps &SR-210 • Pepper&Mill ' Traffic Impact Analysis Reports must be prepared to satisfy San Bernardino County CMP requirements when a proposed change in land use, development project, or at City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.439 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts local discretion, a group of projects are forecast to equal or exceed the CMP threshold of 250.two-way peals hour trips generated.38 As identified in Section 4.15.a above,the proposed Housing Element would result in an approximate maximum of 119,571 weekday trips at build-out. For individual development projects, the City will determine if a traffic impact analysis is required as part of the City's standard environmental review process and determine potential future impacts to CMP facilities. The proposed General Plan Amendments would not alter any land use that could increase development intensity that could potentially create a greater impact than was already analyzed by the General Plan EIR. No specific development proposals or infrastructure projects are proposed. Therefore, these amendments will not result in any impacts that were not addressed in the General Plan c EIR. Impacts related to level of service standards on CMP facilities will be less than E significant. m W 0 c) No Impact. The updated Housing Element is focused on achieving local housing objectives. The proposed General Plan amendments do not authorize any construction x° that would result in the need to redirect or otherwise alter air traffic patterns. Furthermore, the proposed General Plan Amendments will not result in substantial population growth that.could significantly increase air traffic. Therefore,the project will have no air traffic impacts. Z d) No Impact. The project does not involve the construction of any roadway and would have no effect on the City's street and site design standards. U) e) Less than Significant Impact. The project does not involve any road construction or any development activity and thus will not obstruct or restrict emergency access to or c through the City. Future housing development facilitated by implementation of a Housing Element policies will be subject to site plan review. In conjunction with the review and approval of building permits,the City Fire Department reviews all plans to E ensure compliance with all applicable emergency access and safety requirements. With continued application of project review procedures,impacts involving emergency access will be less than significant. a c a) f) No Impact. The project includes programs and policies to encourage the development E of new housing units to meet the City's regional fair share of housing, as required by r state law;the project does not authorize any design,plans,or projects for construction of Q new housing. The proposed General Plan Amendments, including Housing Element policies and programs,would not conflict with or have an effect on any local or regional policies involving support of alternative transportation. 38 Congestion Management Program for San Bernardino County.Appendix C:Guidelines for CMP Traffic Impact Analysis Reports.2007. 96 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.440 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.17 - UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS Would the project: Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a; a) Exceed wastewater treatment CL requirements of the applicable Regional ❑ ❑ ❑ Water Quality Control Board? b) Require or result in the construction of w new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing ❑ ❑ ® ❑ y facilities,the construction of which could 0 0 cause significant environmental effects? T c) Require or result in the construction of ° rn new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the ❑ ❑ ® [❑ o construction of which could cause Z significant environmental effects? _ ca d) Have sufficient water supplies available '0 R to serve the project from existing ❑ El ® ❑ cCnn entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? c e) Result in a determination by the Q wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it ❑ ❑ ® ❑ E has adequate capacity to serve the s project's projected demand in addition a to the provider's existing commitments? c f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the ❑ ❑ ® ❑ project's solid waste disposal needs? Q g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid ❑ [ ❑ waste? a) No Impact. Wastewater treatment requirements for the City of San Bernardino are established by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). These treatment requirements establish pollutant limits for effluent discharges to receiving waters. Future development,consistent with existing General Plan land use policy,will result in typical wastewater discharges,and will not require new methods or equipment for treatment that are not currently permitted for the existing treatment plants. Furthermore, residential development is not subject to point-source discharge City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.441 Section 4• Evaluation of Environmental Impacts requirements. The project will not impact compliance with RWQCB treatment requirements. Future housing development will not interfere with compliance with RWQCB wastewater treatment requirements. The proposed General Plan Amendments do not change any applicable land use designations and do not propose or anticipate any specific-development proposals or infrastructure projects. Amendments to comply with SB 244 identify disadvantaged unincorporated communities and outline existing infrastructure plans and policies; no changes are proposed to existing infrastructure policy.Thus,no impact will occur. w �a b) Less than Significant Impact. Future development will incrementally increase water demand and wastewater discharges. The City Public Works Department is responsible for the wastewater collection facilities in the City. Operation and maintenance of E wastewater collection facilities is the responsibility of the Public Services Department. w Wastewater collection facilities within the planning area are owned and operated by c four different entities: City of San Bernardino (Public Works and Public Services Departments);East Valley Water District(EVWD);San Bernardino International Airport 0 and Trade Center;and the City of Loma Linda.Wastewater collection is provided within the eastern portion of planning area by the East Valley Water District, which operates and maintains its own wastewater collection system. Wastewater collected by the East Valley Water District is transported to the City's collection facilities prior to treatment at Z the San Bernardino Water Reclamation Plant(SBWRP).The City of Loma Linda operates and maintains a wastewater collection system within the southern portion of the City. Wastewater collected within Lorna Linda's service area is conveyed to the City of San Bernardino's wastewater collection system prior to treatment at the SBWRP. The water y reclamation plant is a 33 MGD Secondary Treatment facility that serves a population of li over 185,000 people. The SBWRP treats residential and industrial wastewater generated in the City of San Bernardino,City of Lorna Linda,and the East Valley Water District. a r The City permits the limited use of septic tanks,typically in older portions of the City or E on large lot residential development. Any new septic systems must comply with the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board's minimum lot size requirements r (currently one half acre)39 a w c a� The San Bernardino Municipal Water Department (SBMWD) provides domestic water s for the City and unincorporated areas of San Bernardino County as well as back-up to the City of Loma Linda. Groundwater from the Bunker Hill Basin is the primary source a of water supply for the SBMWD. It has the capacity to provide 70,000 acre-foot per year of water from groundwater and surface water sources. While groundwater is the principal source of supply in the planning area, other sources of water supply include: the State Water Project (SWP), the Santa Ana River, Mill Creek, and Lytle Creek. The SBMWD distributes more than 16.66 billion gallons of water to over 151,000 residents in the City.The Department produces over 497 gallons per capita per day with the average consumption use reaching 330 gallons per capita per day. The distribution system includes approximately 551 miles of water mains, 41,317 active water meters and over 4,000 fire hydrants. SBMWD facilities also include 60 active wells, 4 treatment plants 39 City of San Bernardino General Plan.Chapter 9:Utilities.2005. 98 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet.Pg.442 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts with capacity of 50 million gallons per day, 32 reservoirs with a total capacity of more than 100 MG of domestic storage water capacity,27 chlorination facilities,and 66 booster pump stations. The General Plan EIR includes Mitigation Measures 5.15-1 and 5.15-2 to address wastewater and water resources in the City: The proposed General Plan Amendments would not alter any land use that could increase development intensity and potentially create a greater impact than was already analyzed by the General Plan EIR. Therefore, the proposed General Plan Amendments are consistent with the current General Plan Y and the analysis included in the General Plan EIR. No additional water or wastewater Q 1 facilities or expansions are proposed as part of the General Plan amendments. The City will identify the need for expansion of water and wastewater facilities, such as water and sewer mains, as needed, on a project-by-project basis during its standard E environmental review process. Any environmental impacts related to the construction W or expansion of water or wastewater facilities will be analyzed and mitigated for at the _ time of development. With adherence to these standard procedures,General Plan Water Conservation policies (Chapter 13), and General Plan EIR Mitigation Measures, impacts = related to the expansion of water and wastewater facilities will be less than significant. 0 0 Water:General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure 15.15-1 In accordance with the State Water Code (Section 10610-10645), the City shall maintain Z an updated Urban Water Management Plan (Water System Management Plan) which c describes and evaluates sources of supply, reasonable and practical efficient uses, reclamation and demand management activities, necessary to adequately serve future growth pursuant to the City's General Plan. The mitigation measures identified above CO would reduce potential impacts associated with water supply and distribution to a level that is less than significant. Therefore, no significant unavoidable adverse impacts c relating to water supply and distribution have been identified. a Wastewater:General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure 5.15-2(p.5.1545) E The City of San Bernardino shall update the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan to reflect General Plan Update build-out statistics, review treatment facility capacity a periodically and adjust Sewer Capacity Fees when appropriate in consultation with participating communities to accommodate construction of new or expanded a wastewater treatment and collection facilities. These mitigation measures would reduce E potential impacts associated with wastewater to a level that is less than significant. o Therefore,no significant unavoidable adverse impacts relating to wastewater have been a identified. c) Less than Significant Impact. The updated Housing Element is focused on achieving local housing objectives and does not authorize any construction that would result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or the expansion of existing facilities. The Amendments to comply with State law SB 244 to identify existing unincorporated areas in San Bernardino s sphere, are intended to provide information but propose no ( new policy. These areas are fully developed and have access to infrastructure and services. No additional storm water drainage facilities or expansions are proposed as part of the General Plan amendments. City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.443 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Drainage improvements are constructed on a project-by-project basis. This typically involves routing a major drainage course through a project by concentrating the flow into an acceptable drainage facility. Construction of drainage devices will be subject to standard construction requirements for erosion control and water quality requirements. Future development will comply with existing standards and regulations for conveyance of storm water;thus,impacts to the environment from construction of storm drain infrastructure will be less than significant. d) Less than Significant Impact. Domestic water service to the City of San Bernardino and a; Sphere of Influence (SOI) is provided by the San Bernardino Municipal Water Department (SBMWD) and the East Valley Water District (EVWD). Groundwater from the Bunker Hill Basin is the primary source of water supply for the SBMWD. E The City's General Plan Utilities Chapter includes policies to ensure that water supply w and demand are continually monitored and the Water Master Plan updated as needed to = ensure that adequate supply continues to be provided. The proposed General Plan amendments would not result in any population growth or additional demand on water x° supplies beyond that which was considered in the General Plan EIR;rather,the Housing Element will guide development to accommodate anticipated growth in the community through the year 2021. Therefore, the proposed project would not result in the need for new or expanded water supplies,nor revise any policies associated with water supply or z demand. The proposed General Plan Amendment does not include changes to land use c policy set forth in the General Plan and analyzed in the EIR. Therefore, the proposed Housing Element and General Plan Amendment will not create an additional impact. Impacts will be less than significant with implementation of General Plan policies and CO EIR Mitigation Measures. General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure 5.154 (p.15.5-8) a In accordance with the State Water Code (Section 10610-10645), the City shall maintain an updated Urban Water Management Plan (Water System Management Plan) which describes and evaluates sources of supply, reasonable and practical efficient uses, reclamation and demand management activities, necessary to adequately serve future a growth pursuant to the City's General Plan. The mitigation measures identified above r would reduce potential impacts associated with water supply and distribution to a level that is less than significant. Therefore, no significant unavoidable adverse impacts E relating to water supply and distribution have been identified. o w a e) Less than Significant Impact. Wastewater treatment requirements are established by the Santa Ana RWQCB. The City will review future development as part of the standard environmental review process to determine adequate capacity to serve the discharge needs in comparison to treatment plant capacity. Impacts related to wastewater treatment capacity are anticipated to be less than significant. 100 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Ir7iitialf Packet Pg.444 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Ixn acts f) Less than Significant Impact. The Colton Sanitary Landfill and the Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill are the primary destinations for solid waste collected in San Bernardino?0 The current capacity for the Colton Sanitary Landfill is approximately 3,100 tons per day of solid waste. The current capacity for the Mid-Valley Sanitary Landfill is approximately 7,500 tons per day of solid waste. Although the Colton Sanitary Landfill is expected to end operations on January 2017 and the Mid-Valley Landfill is expected to close in April 2033, other landfills are available to serve the City. The San Timoteo Sanitary Landfill, located in Redlands, has a permitted daily capacity of 2,000 tons per day and a remaining capacity of 13,605,488 cubic yards. The San Timoteo Sanitary Landfill is d estimated to close in 2043. Compliance with City General Plan policies and County waste reduction programs and policies would reduce the volume of solid waste entering landfills. Individual development projects would be required to comply with applicable State and local regulations, thus reducing the amount of landfill waste by at least 50 E percent. Future development would increase the volume of solid waste generated that W is diverted to existing landfills, thus contributing to the acceleration of landfill closures or the use of more distant sites. However, no revisions associated with the proposed General Plan amendments would affect the development assumptions and related 0 x impact conclusions as determined by the General Plan EIR. Impacts related to sufficient landfill capacity are anticipated to be less than significant. N g) No Impact. Waste collection in San Bernardino is disposed of in regional landfills, as Z AWN, described above. All new development will be required to comply with State mandates -a and local regulations regarding reduction/recycling of household waste. None of the r- and housing strategies inherent in the proposed Housing Element or information provided in the other General Plan Amendments would have any effect upon or result CO in any conflicts with solid waste disposal regulations, as the scope of these revisions does not increase development capacity. No impact will occur. c a E M a W d E s a .r a 1 ao California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle). ht!p:l/www.calrecycle.ca.gov/`LGCentral/Report /DRS/Destitiatioii/jurDspFa.aspx [December 4, 2013] City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet?Pg.445 Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts 4.18 - MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE Potentially Less Than Less Than No Significant Significant Significant Impact Impact with Impact Mitigation Incorporation a) Does the project have the potential to +; degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish M or wildlife species, cause a fish or = wildlife population to drop below self sustaining levels,threaten to eliminate a ❑ ❑ ® ❑ m plant or animal community, reduce the w number or restrict the range of a rare or =_ endangered plant or animal or eliminate o important examples of the major periods x of California history or prehistory? 0 b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively p considerable? Z a ("Cumulatively considerable"means that the incremental effects of a project are ❑ ❑ N considerable when viewed in connection r with the"effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects)? _ c) Does the project have environmental Q effects which will cause substantial ❑ ❑ ® ❑ adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Q a) Less than Significant Impact. The results of the preceding analysis indicate that the d proposed project would have less than significant impacts upon sensitive biological, E historical, archaeological, or paleontological resources. There will be less than significant impacts to scenic vistas and visual character and resources. Since the project Q would not authorize any development plan, redevelopment of any existing sites, or construction of new infrastructure, and would not change existing City land use policy regarding locations or intensities of development, it would not result in any effects that would degrade the quality of the environment. The City finds that impacts related to degradation of the environment will be less than significant. b) Less than Significant Impact. Cumulative effects resulting from full implementation of the City's land use policies were evaluated in the General Plan EIR. The proposed General Plan Amendments would not change any of these policies and do not propose any specific development or redevelopment project that could contribute to short-term or long-term cumulative impacts that were not addressed sufficiently in the General 102 City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Packet Pg.446 it j G Section 4:Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Plan EIR. The proposed project does not include any changes to land use designations and thus is consistent with the project analyzed in the General Plan EIR. The City finds that the contribution of the proposed project to cumulative impacts will be less than significant. c) Less than Significant Impact. As supported by the preceding environmental evaluation, the project would not result in substantial adverse effects on human beings. Under each environmental consideration addressed in the preceding analysis, the proposed project is considered to have little or no adverse impacts on people and the w environment. Based on the analysis in this Initial Study, the City finds that direct and indirect impacts to human beings will be less than significant. c a� E a, w rn c N O r O 07 N D Z C cC A O r N E Q .r C _ d E t v R w Q C a> E L) U a-. w Q City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.447 Section 5:References Section 5; REFERENCES 5.1 - LIST OF PREPARERS City of San Bernardino Community,Development Department Planning Division 300 N."D"Street-3rd Floor a San Bernardino,California 92418 909-384-5057 Y Tony Stewart E Acting Community Development Director w rn MIG I Hogle-Ireland 169 N.Marengo Avenue = Pasadena,California 91101 0 Laura Stetson,AICP,Principal Christopher Brown,Director of Environmental Services Z Olivia Young,Project Associate = Savannah Richards,Project Assistant a r i r r c as E s U R a E U R w ¢ City of San Bernardino General Plan Amendment Initial Study Packet Pg.448 i I' Appendix A Air Quality Data Y Q E d W N O O 2 0 rn N O Z c co A .a .r co R Q C d E t v cv Q m E t U fC r .pa Q Packet Pg.449 6.A.d is ,e This Page Intentionally Left Blank a� r a a� E a� w rn N O 2 0 rn N Z C co O r N R Q C d s V R w r Q _ N r v to w Q 6.A.d i C i 1� iN OD i0 M i(o C ;N G Q 00 Cl) Eo N °o `o LO Q . r (0 e i rr C .......b....... 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N N = N co N QJ cryV M vim 1 n .F+ � .n°- c+1 r 1 M Q C N N -' ate.+ p E rn Te a t6 0� LL .4 Cm a $ � r+ in p �- N a 00 06 U oo a Packet Pg.473 m m E m w N O 2 0 0) O Z C ca T cn a _ U C7 W to h C" CD a 00 m 5 0o ao v LO +- d °o o CR _ ID co 0 0 o U f0 v N N ui 0 O It CV N iorm�auo:o:n:n�a0�e: tyro C ......, r m c d " 0 o v o F- °'= Q C N 0 C r Packet Pg. 474 AGENDA ITEM#3 PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO PLANNING DIVISION CASE: General Plan Amendment No. 13-06 HEARING DATE: January 15, 2014 WARDS: All APPLICANT: City of San Bernardino Attn.: Tony Stewart,AICP 300 N. "D" St., San Bernardino, CA 92418 : (909) 384-5057, ext. 3329 $ Stewart to @sbcity.org D _ d REQUEST/LOCATION: E a� w A request to consider the adoption and implementation of the City of San Bernardino General c Plan 2014-2021 Housing Element (Chapter 3) and amendments to add Appendix 16 (an o appendix to the Land Use Element—Chapter 2) to comply with SB 244. The Housing Element x is one of seven required elements of the General Plan. It addresses existing and future housing needs of persons in all economic segment groups and serves as a tool for decision-makers and N the public in understanding and meeting housing needs in San Bernardino. This 2014-2021 Housing Element update is a policy document of the City of San Bernardino regarding current a and projected future housing needs, and the City's goals, policies, and programs to address those identified needs, and represents a focused update to the City's adopted 2008-2014 Housing Element. v a OVERLAYS: m a� Not applicable R Y ENVIRONMENTAL FINDINGS: a w ❑ Not Applicable E ❑ Exempt from CEQA ❑ No Significant Effects a ® Negative Declaration ❑ Potential Effects, Mitigation Measures and Mitigation Monitoring/Reporting Plan STAFF RECOMMENDATION: ® Recommend Approval to the Mayor and Common Council ❑ Conditions ❑ Denial Am"%, ❑ Continuance to: Packet pg.475 6.A.e Page 2 GPA 13-06 January 15, 2014 PROJECT DESCRIPTION HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE Each city and county in the State of California is required to prepare a Housing Element as one of the mandatory elements of its General Plan. The state Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is currently requiring that all cities and counties in California update their Housing Elements (for the Fifth Housing Element Cycle)by October 15, 2013 (with a 120-day grace period). If a city meets this deadline, the Housing Element will be in effect for the period from January 1, 2014 through September 30, 2021. However, if an agency does not a meet this deadline,the Housing Element must be updated again by October 2017. D c a� To ensure this deadline (within the grace period) is met, staff and the City's consultants, E ti MIG/Hogle-Ireland and Veronica Tam & Associates, have prepared the draft updated Housing w Element for the City. The draft Housing Element is provided as Attachment A. c N 3 Public participation is expected by HCD in the preparation of the Housing Element Update. TO i ensure public participation throughout the process, a study session was held on October 16, r 2013, in addition to this Planning Commission hearing and the upcoming hearing in front of the N Mayor and Common Council (in February 2014). Comments received at the study session were tf incorporated into the draft Housing Element. Q d Note that the City's current Housing Element covers the period through 2013, and was certified by HCD in 2011. Therefore, since the current Housing Element was recently adopted, the attached draft Housing Element update uses the current Element as a base, with updates to a accommodate the relatively minor changes in residential development in the City since the last m update, changes in City regulations (i.e., adoption of the Transit District Overlay,which provides for additional housing opportunities that did not exist when the current Element was adopted), E and to meet all current state housing requirements, including the latest Regional Housing Needs co Assessment (RHNA) numbers assigned to the City. All of this is discussed in detail in the Q attached draft updated Housing Element. w c a� DISADVANTAGED UNINCORPORATED COMMUNITIES NEEDS ANALYSIS �o Along the updating the Housing Element, this project also adds Appendix 16 (an appendix to the Q General Plan Land Use.Element—Chapter 2) to ensure compliance with Senate Bill 244. As required by Senate Bill 244 (codified in Sections 56375, 56425, and 56430, 53082.5, 56033.5, and 65302.10 of the Government Code and Section 13481.7 of the Water Code), Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to a city's sphere of influence are required to be identified in a city's General Plan, along with information regarding existing and planned water, sewer, and flood control infrastructure and fire protection services within those communities. DUCs are defined as inhabited unincorporated areas with an annual median household income (MHI) that is less than 80 percent of the statewide annual MHI. Based on 2011 Census data from the American Community Survey, the California annual MHI was $61,632, 80 percent of which is $49,306. Packet Pg. 476 6Ae� Page 3 GPA 13-06 January 15, 2014 DUCs can be in the form of a "fringe" or "island" community. "Fringe community" means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is within a city's sphere of influence but not surrounded on all sides by the city. "Island community" means any inhabited and unincorporated territory that is surrounded or substantially surrounded by one or more city or county boundaries or the Pacific Ocean. Figure 1, within Attachment B, identifies seven areas within the City of San Bernardino's sphere of influence that have been identified as DUCs. Note that additional unincorporated areas within the City's sphere exist, but they are not defined as DUCs due to either an annual MHI that is above the criteria stated above or a lack of population(fewer than 10 dwelling units). a D w BACKGROUND E a) • October 16, 2013, the City held a study session to obtain comments from the community W and the Planning Commission, to be included within the draft of the Housing Element = sent to HCD and prepared for adoption by the City. o • December 18, 2013 — A legal advertisement was sent to the San Bernardino Sun = Newspaper for publication on December 23, 2013. 0 • December 30, 2013 — Courtesy notices to parties with a potential interest in the Housing °; Element Update were mailed, providing the nature of the request, location of the L property, the date, time, and place of the Planning Commission meeting of January 15, 0. 2014 for GPA 13-06. L R CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA) n. The proposed project is subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). An Initial m Study (available on the City's web site at www.sbcity.org) was prepared by the City's consultant, MIG/Hogle-Ireland. The document was released for circulation for a minimum 20- E day public review period beginning on December 17, 2013, pursuant to the provisions of CEQA. R Additionally, a Notice of Availability and Intent to Adopt a Negative Declaration (ND) was a advertised in the newspaper. To date, no comments have been received on the Initial Study. a� E ANALYSIS R r HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE a As noted above, the Housing Element is one of the required Elements of a General Plan. It is the only Element that is required to be updated on a regular basis. The state Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) governs the timing and content of the updates. HCD is currently requiring that all cities and counties in California update their Housing Elements (for the Fifth Housing Element Cycle) by October 15, 2013 (with a 120-day grace period). If a city meets this deadline, the Housing Element will be in effect for the period from January 1, 2014 through September 30, 2021. Consequently, the City and its consultants have prepared a draft updated Housing Element(Attachment A), for the City's adoption. Packet Pg.477 Page 4 GPA 13-06 January 15,2014 DISADVANTAGED UNINCORPORATED COMMUNITIES ANALYSIS Additionally, in conjunction with the Housing Element Update, the City's consultants also prepared a Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities Needs Analysis (Attachment B), which, when incorporated into the General Plan, will ensure the City is in compliance with Senate Bill 244 (SB 244). The Analysis identified seven Disadvantaged Unincorporated Communities (DUCs) within or adjacent to the City's Sphere of Influence. The report analyzed the provision of the following services to the DUCs: water; wastewater; flood control facilities; and fire protection services. Overall, the Analysis found that the service levels within the DUCs within the City's Sphere of Influence were provided at levels similar to those found within the City ? limits. The system deficiencies that were identified by service providers are not specific to a DUCs but also apply to the service providers' regional systems. The service providers have capital improvement plans in place to address current and future deficiencies and in specific cases are actively working to address those deficiencies. Some identified deficiencies, v specifically lack of service, that are specific to a small portion of the DUCs have been identified W and the respective service providers have express a desire to pursue funding to extend services to c these areas. A more detailed discussion of the DUCs, the service providers, and the service o providers' provision of services as they relate to the DUCs is provided in Attachment B. _ 0 FINDINGS OF FACT N 1. The proposed amendment is internally consistent with the General Plan, in that the proposed Q Housing Element Update builds upon and replaces the current Housing Element, and W includes goals, policies and implementation measures that are consistent with, and coordinate with,the remainder of the General Plan. Further,the project also adds Appendix 16 (an appendix to the Land Use Element—Chapter 2) to the General Plan to ensure n compliance with SB 244. m _ 2. The proposed amendment would not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety. E convenience, or welfare of the City,in that the proposed amendments will not directly result in development of any kind. Therefore, the public interest, health, safety, convenience and d welfare will not be affected. .; 3. The proposed amendment would maintain the appropriate balance of land uses within the Cam, in that as noted in Finding#2, above, the proposed amendments will not result in any w development potential. Therefore balance of land uses will be maintained. However, a d primary purpose of the Housing Element is to ensure goals, policies and implementation measures are set forth to ensure the City provides a range of housing for all income levels, thus maintaining a housing balance appropriate to meet the City's housing needs. 4. The subject parcels are physically suitable(including,but not limited to, access,provision of utilities, compatibility with adjoining land uses, and absence of physical constraints) for the requested land use designation and anticipated land use development. As noted above, the proposed amendments will not directly result in development, and therefore,this Finding of Fact is not applicable. Packet Pg.478 Page 5 GPA 13-06 January 15, 2014 FINANCIAL IMPACT There will be no direct financial impact on the General Fund as a result of this application. CONCLUSION Staff believes that the project proposal satisfies all Findings of Fact for approval of General Plan Amendment No. 13-06. 1 RECOMMENDATION � r Staff recommends that the Planning Commission recommend that the Mayor and Common d Council: w 1. Adopt the Negative Declaration; and 0 x 2. Approve General Plan Amendment No. 13-06 based upon the Findings of Fact contained in this Staff Report. 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