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Home My WebLink About24-City Attorney~~ ~ .~ ~~~ Wri~, CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO -REQUEST FOR COUNCIL ACTION From: JAMES F. PENMAN Subject: AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF City Attorney THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL Dept: CITY ATTORNEY CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND Date: October 17, 2008 ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS WITH APPROVAL OF A BUILDING PERMIT WITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 31D STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF, AND TAKING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. MCC Date: October 20, 2008 Synopsis of Previous Council Action: October 1, 2007- Mayor and Council approved CUP No. 07-03 to allow the Salvation Army to construct a two story, 34,833 square foot, 124 bed mens shelter and rehabilitation center on 8.8 acres at 363 South Doolittle Road. October 15, 2007- Mayor and Council approved Ordinance No. MC-1258 amending Development Code Section 19.08.020, Table 08.01(34) to allow Social Service Centers as a conditional use in the IL Land Use District. May 19, 2008 - Mayor and Council approved Resolution 2008-151, an Agreement with the Planning Center to provide an update of the City's General Plan Housing Element, including an analysis of the need for emergency homeless shelters. Recommended motion: That said Urgency Ordinance be adopted. ~~ ~'~~ , es F. Penman, City Attorney Contact person: Henr~Empeno Jr Sr Deputy City Attornev Phone: 5355 Supporting data attached: StaffR~ort Ward: 1st FUNDING REQUIREMENTS: Amount: Source: Finance: Council Notes: Agenda Item No. ~~ 10•ZO.Ob F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.RCA-Urgency Ordinance - 10-16-O8.wpd STAFF REPORT Council Meeting Date: October 20, 2008 TO: Mayor and Common Council FROM: James F. Penman, City Attorney DATE: October 17, 2008 AGENDA ITEM: AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS W ITH ABUILDING PERMIT W ITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 3RD STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE, AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF. AND TAKING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. Background: Senate Bi112 (Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007, effective January 1, 2008) has been adopted by the State to encourage the location of"emergency shelters" i.e. emergency homeless shelters. Senate Bill 2 works in two ways. First, it requires the amendment of the General Plan Housing Element. The principal modification is the identification of a zone in which an emergency shelter can be established as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit, and without conditions except as specified in the statute. Any draft housing element submitted to the California State Deparhnent of Housing and Community Development after March 31, 2008 will be required to comply with Senate Bil] 2. Second, and presently, Senate Bi112 prohibits the denial of an application to establish an emergency shelter within any zone except upon the making of specified findings based on substantial evidence in the record. The City currently permits the establishment of emergency shelters in numerous commercial land use districts and in the Residential Medium, Residential Medium High, and Residential High land use districts with a conditional use permit. Emergency shelters/homeless shelters have recently been permitted in the IL, Industrial Light Land Use District, subject to a conditional use permit and the approval of the Mayor and Common Council. The City cannot deny a conditional use permit for an emergency shelter unless the proper findings can be made to deny that application pursuant to Senate Bi112. Under Senate Bill 2, one ground for denial of an application for an emergency shelter is that the proposed project is inconsistent with both the jurisdiction's zoning ordinance and general plan land use designation, and the jurisdiction has adopted a revised housing element that is in substantial compliance with the applicable portions of the statute. Siting an emergency shelter in other than the districts described above, and without a conditional use permit is inconsistent with the City's Development Code and General Plan. The City does not currently have a revised Housing Element. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency8hel[ers Staff Report - 10-16-08.wpd However, Senate Bi112 provides that where a local government 1) has in place an ordinance that identifies a zone or zones where emergency shelters are a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit and, 2) are not subject to conditions for development that are distinct from those for residential or commercial development in the same zone and, 3) otherwise apply only such conditions as are specified in Senate Bill 2, the jurisdiction need not take additional action to identify zones for emergency shelters. The urgency ordinance presented to you for adoption puts in place an ordinance that meets the requirements ofSenate Bi112 with respect to permitting approval of an emergency shelter without a conditional use permit, and otherwise limiting any conditions on that approval to those authorized by Senate Bi112. This right of approval is limited to emergency shelters established in the areas of the IL zone that are south of 3rd Street, east of Waterman Avenue, and north of Central Avenue. This area includes the Salvation Army's new 124 bed homeless shelter under construction, the County's Food Bank, and the offices of the County's Community Action Partnership. Once adopted, the ordinance places the City in substantial compliance with Senate Bi112. With such amendment, the City can continue to enforce its regulations respecting the location of emergency shelters homeless shelters. Adoption of an urgency ordinance of this type requires findings that there is a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety, and welfare and that the grant of land use approval would result in that threat to public health, safety and welfare. The appropriate findings are set out in the ordinance. The evidence in support of the findings is derived in part from the attached Exhibits which are incorporated herein: A. List of Emergency Shelters in the City of San Bernardino B. Map and Aerial Photos of the area between 3rd Street and Central Avenue and from Waterman Avenue to SB Airport dated October 1, 2008 C. San Bernardino County 2007 Homeless Census and Survey Comprehensive Report by Community Action Partnership D. City of San Bernardino 2007/2008 Consolidated Annual Performance Evaluation and Report (CAPER) by the City's Economic Development Agency E. Memorandum of the California Department of Housing and Community Development Division of Housing Policy Development, Re: Senate Bill 2, dated May 7, 2008 F. SB 2 Senate Bill Analysis, As Amended August 31, 2007 Financial Impact: Undetermined Recommendation: Adopt the Urgency Ordinance F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters Staff Report - 10-16-08.wpd ORDINANCE NO. ~ ~' ~~ 4 AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS WITH APPROVAL OF A BUILDING PERMIT WITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 31D STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF, AND TAHING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. The Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino do ordain as follows: 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 WHEREAS, Section 40(z) of the City Charter vests the Mayor and Common Council with the power to make and enforce all laws and regulations with respect to municipal affairs, subject only to the restrictions and limitations provided in the Charter or by State law; and WHEREAS, Sections 31 and 121 ofthe City Charter provide for the adoption of an urgency ordinance for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety if passed by a two third's (2/3) vote of the Council; and WHEREAS, Government Code Section 65858 provides that for the purpose ofprotecting the public safety, health, and welfare, the legislative body of a city may adopt, without following the procedures otherwise required prior to the adoption of a zoning ordinance, as an urgency measure, an interim ordinance, by a vote of fourth-fifths (4/5) majority, prohibiting any uses that maybe in conflict with a contemplated general plan, specific plan, or zoning proposal that the legislative body, planning commission or the planning department is considering or studying or intends to study within a reasonable time; and WHEREAS, effective January 1, 2008, Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 ("Senate Bill 2") amends California Government Code Section 65583 to require local governments to amend their General Plan Housing Element to identify a land use zone wherein emergency homeless shelters are F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergencyshelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit; and, WHEREAS, Senate Bi112 amends Government Code Section 65589.5(d) to provide that a local agency shall not disapprove a land use application for an emergency shelter within any zone, or conditionally approve a land use application for an emergency shelter within any zone in such manner as to render the project infeasible, unless it makes written findings, based upon substantial evidence in the record as to one of five (5) findings; and WHEREAS, finding number five (5) under Government Code Section 65589.5(d) provides the exception that: The...emergency shelter is inconsistent with both the jurisdiction's zoning ordinance and general plan land use designation as specified in any element of the general plan as it existed on the date the application was deemed complete, and the jurisdiction has adopted a revised housing element in accordance with Section 65588 that is in substantial compliance with this article. WHEREAS, finding number five (5) is subject to the further requirement that the exception is not available if the local agency has failed to identify a zone or zones wherein emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit; and WHEREAS, through the adoption of an urgency ordinance amending the City of San Bernardino Development Code which identifies a zone or zones where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit, the City will be in substantial compliance with the above described exception pursuant to California Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)(D); and WHEREAS, Senate Bill 2 recognizes that legislative bodies, prior to the adoption of a revised Housing Element in compliance with Senate Bi112, may adopt a zoning ordinance which identifies a zone or zones where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit, and thus recognizes that the adoption of said F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency8helters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 2 ordinance may constitute substantial compliance with Senate Bi112; and 2 3 4' 5 6 7 8 9 10 11' 12 13 14 15 16 17 ~~ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 WHEREAS, the City of San Bernardino Development Code currently includes emergency homeless shelters in the category of social services with residential components, which are allowed as a conditionally permitted use City-wide in several residential and commercial land use districts ~ and throughout the II., Industrial Light land use district with such conditions that do not render such projects infeasible for development; and WHEREAS, the City of San Bernardino, in a variety of locations, currently has several existing emergency shelters which provide a total of 267 beds for the homeless, in addition to the Salvation Army's 124-bed year round homeless shelter for men currently under construction within the proposed Emergency Shelter Overlay Zone, at 363 South Doolittle Road, and another Salvation Army 150-bed homeless shelter for families and children at 925 W. 10th Street, which application is currently under review (see list of service providers attached as Exhibit A to the Staff Report and which is incorporated herein by reference); and WHEREAS, on May 19, 2008, the City of San Bernardino retained a consultant, The Planning Center, to update the General Plan Housing Element. The Planning Center has extensive experience with housing element preparation and the certification review process with the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The City's Request for Proposals issued on January 2, 2008, specifically stated that an update of the City's General Plan Housing Element in compliance with Senate Bill 2 was needed, among other requirements. The City's contract with The Planning Center specifically listed the requirements of Senate Bi112 in the Scope of Work, including an identification and analysis of the needs of homeless persons and families in the City of San Bernardino as required by Senate Bi112; and WHEREAS, as identified on HCD's website as of October 17, 2008, no city out of the 24 F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 cities in the County of San Bernardino and no city out of the 24 cities in the County of Riverside has adopted and received HCD certification of a revised Housing Element; and WHEREAS, in spite of significant budget cuts and the loss of numerous employees, the City of San Bernardino has made substantial progress in complying with the requirements of Senate Bill 2. The Preliminary Draft of the revised Housing Element is expected from The Planning Center in November 2008; and WHEREAS, the Mayor and Council recognize that Senate Bill 2 requires that the City's General Plan Housing Element must include land use zones which will provide sufficient opportunities for new emergency shelters to meet the need identified in the consultant's analysis; and WHEREAS, the Mayor and Council find that the existing emergency shelters, the emergency shelters under construction, and the new emergency shelters proposed for construction, together with opportunities for development ofnew emergency shelters in the residential and commercial land use districts with the approval of a Conditional Use Permit, and the adoption of this Urgency Ordinance, which will permit new emergency shelters with approval of a building perrnit within the IL, Industrial Light, Land Use District lying South of 3`d Street, East of Waterman Avenue, and North of Central Avenue (520.3 acres), will provide sufficient emergency shelters to meet the needs of the homeless in the City of San Bernardino in the interim, until a revised Housing Element in full compliance with Senate Bi112 is adopted by the City. WHEREAS, the Mayor and Common Council make the following findings of a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety and welfare as required by California Government Code Section 65858: 1. The City of San Bernardino has sufficient emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing facilities in existence as "grandfathered" uses under prior versions of the F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16A8.wpd 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Development Code. It also has numerous low-income housing developments and government subsidized housing facilities which lower the threshold of the transition from homelessness to sheltered. 2. As a consequence of the recent housing crisis and of previous housing crises, the City of San Bemardino has experienced a history of housing affordability relative to other communities which has facilitated the location in San Bernardino of sufficient emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing facilities that accommodate six (6) or fewer unrelated adults and are not therefore subject to regulation by the City. 3. Because of the systemic hostility of other regional entities to the presence of homeless persons, the City of San Bernardino is in the same posture as downtown Los Angeles in terms of the disproportionate supply of shelter and service providers across the region that has led to a disproportionate concentration of homeless persons in the City of San Bernardino. There exists a confusion as to the needs of the San Bernardino homeless, the regional homeless who migrate to San Bernardino, and the national homeless for whom San Bernazdino is a warm weather stop. 4. The concentration of homeless persons in the City of San Bemardino, including the mentally ill and those suffering substance abuse, is detrimental to their rehabilitation in that they have developed in some instances, and have become part of informal but enduring networks that support their illness against the efforts of the local institutions for their rehabilitation. 5. The improper location of emergency shelters in all parts ofthe City of San Bernazdino, at this time of economic crisis in the housing market, will facilitate the entrenchment of land uses in such manner as to further perpetuate the disproportionate distribution of services across the region and will in fact serve to accelerate the processes Senate Bi112 seeks to defeat. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergencyshelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 5 NOW THEREFORE, THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12' 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 BERNARDINO DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. The Mayor and Common Council find that the above-stated Recitals are true and hereby adopt and incorporate them herein. Section 2. San Bernardino Municipal Code (Development Code) Section 19.02.050, Definitions, is hereby amended to add the definition of "Emergency Shelter" to read as follows: 19.02.050 DEFINITIONS Emergency Shelter. As used in Government Code Section 65582, 65583, and 65589.5 (Senate Bill-2), and as defined in Health and Safety Code Section 50801(e), "emergency shelter" means housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is linuted to occupancy of six months or less by a homeless person. No individual or household may be denied emergency shelter because of an inability to pay. Also referred to as a "homeless shelter","homeless facility", or "social service center with a residential component." Section 3. San BemazdinoMunicipal Code (Development Code) Section 19.08.020, Table 08.01, Industrial Districts List of Permitted Uses, is hereby amended to allow Emergency Shelters as a permitted use, requiring a building permit in the Emergency Shelter Overlay District of the IL, Industrial Light, Land Use District pursuant to Development Code Chapter 19.10-E, see Exhibit A, attached hereto and incorporated herein. Section 4. San Bernardino Municipal Code (Development Code) Chapter 19.10-E. Emergency Shelter Overlay District, is hereby added to read as shown on Exhibit B, attached hereto and incorporated herein. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency8helters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 6 1 2 3 4 5 6' 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Section 5. Pursuant to the requirements of Senate Bi112, the Mayor and Common Council hereby direct the Development Services Department to implement a program to amend the Ciry's zoning ordinances to meet the requirements of Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)(A) within one year of the adoption of the City's revised Housing Element of the General Plan. Section 6: This Ordinance is based upon the recitals and findings set forth above, and the accompanying Staff Report and its attachments to this Ordinance, and is adopted pursuant to the authority granted to the City of San Bernardino in Article 11, Section 7 of the California Constitution, and Sections 31, 40(z), and 121 of the Charter of the City of San Bernardino and Califomia Government Code Section 65858. Section 7: Pursuant to Sections 31 and 121 of the Charter of the City of San Bernardino and Government Code Section 65858, this Ordinance shall take effect immediately. This Ordinance shall be of no further force and effect 45 days from its date of adoption unless extended by action of the Mayor and Common Council. Section 8: Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act. The Mayor and Common Council finds that this Ordinance is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15061(b)(3) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical change to the environment, directly or indirectly. Section 9: Severability. If any section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase in this Ordinance or any part thereof is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, invalid or ineffective by any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity or F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShel[ers.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-OS.wpd 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12j 13 14' 15 16 I 17 18 19; 20 I 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 effectiveness of the remaining portions of this Ordinance or any part thereof. The Mayor and Common Council hereby declares that it would have adopted each section irrespective of the fact that any one or more subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses, or phrases be declared unconstitutional, invalid, or ineffective. I /// /// /// F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergencyshelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-0S.wpd 8 1 2 3' 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS WITH APPROVAL OF A BUILDING PERMIT WITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 31D STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF, AND TAHING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing Ordinance was duly adopted by the Mayor and Council of the City of San Bernardino at a meeting thereof, held on the _ day of 2008, by the following vote, to wit: COUNCIL MEMBERS: AYES NAYS ESTRADA BAXTER BRINKER DERRY KELLEY JOHNSON MC CAMMACK ABSTAIN ABSENT Rachel Clark, City Clerk The foregoing Ordinance is hereby approved this day of 2008. PATRICK J. MORRIS, Mayor City of San Bernardino roved as to form: ES F. PENMAN Attorney Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 9 EXHIBIT A CHAPTER 19.08 INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS 19.08.020 PERMITTED, DEVELOPMENT PERMITTED AND CONDITIONALLY PERMITTED USES The following list represents those primary uses in the manufacturing/industrial zoning districts which are Permitted (P), subject to a Development Permit (D) or a Conditional Use Permit (C): TABLE 08.01 INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS LIST OF PERMITTED USES MC 88812/6/93 LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OIP IL IH )E 1. Accessory structures/uses typically appurtenant to a D D D D D principally permitted land use activity; 2. Agricultural Production-crops; D D 3. Agricultural Services; D - D D 4. Assembling, cleaning, manufacturing, processing, D D' D D - repairing or testing of products including automotive related (except dismantling) and welding and excluding explosives, conducted entirely within an enclosed structure except for screened outdoor storage areas; 5. Assembling, cleaning, manufacturing, processing, repair of D - - D - products, research, storage, testing or wholesale land uses (except explosives) with a portion of the operation (other than storage) occurring outside of the enclosed structure: A. Outside land uses in the CH and IH districts within 150 feet of a residential land use district; C - - C - 6. Concrete batch pants, processing of minerals and C C aggregate and other related land uses, not including extraction activities; 7. Crematory; D - D D - 8. Dwelling unit for afull-time security guard and family; D D D 9. Educational Service, including day care; D D D C - 10, Emereencv Shelters - - PZ - 11. EntertainmentlRecreational Uses: A. Adult Entertainment C - C - - B. Auditoriums, Convention Halls and Theaters C C F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters Industrial Districts with E overlay 10-16-08.doc LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OH' IL IH IE C. Miscellaneous Indoor; and D C D D - D. Miscellaneous Outdoor C C C C 12. Financial; D D - - - 13. Fuel Dealers; C - C D - 14. Funeral Parlors/Mortuaries; D - D D - 15. Gasoline Service Stations; D - D D - 16. Heliports/Helipads; C C C C C 17. Impound Vehicle Storage Yards (with or without towing) C - C D 18. Membership organizations, including religious facilities, D D D meeting halls, and fraternal lodges; 19. Mining/Extraction, including aggregate, coal, gas, metal C and oil; 20. Mobile Home Dealers (sales and service); D - D D - 21. Offices/Services (administrative and professional); D D D 22. Outdoor contractor's, lumber, and rental yards and storage D - D D D areas for building supplies; 23. Outdoor Horticultural Nurseries; D - D D D 24. Parking Lots; D D D D D 25. Personal Services; D D' Ds 26. Pipelines (As deSned by Section 19.20.030[12][E] or as C C C C C superseded by State or Federal law); 27. Public utility uses, distribution and transmission D D D D D substations and communication equipment structures; 28. Publishing/Printing Plants; D D D D 29. Railroad Yards; - - D - 30. Recycling Facilities; (In compliance with Section 19.06.030[2][P]) 31. Research and Development, including laboratories; D D D D - 32. Retail Commercial; D D3 Ds - - 33. Salvage and Wrecking (dismantling) yards; C C 34. Salvage and Wrecking Facilities (completely within an C - C C - enclosed structure); 35. Social Service Centers; - - C° - 36. Swap Meets; C - C C C 37. Towing Services; D - D D - 38. Transportation/Distribution; D - D D - 39. Truck Stops; - - C C 40. Veterinary Services/Animal Boarding; D - D - - 41. Warehousing and Wholesaling, including self-service D - D D - mini-storage; and F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters Industrial DistriRS with E overlay 10.16-oS.doc LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OH' IL IH IE 42. Other A. Antennas, Satellite and Vertical; D D D D D B. Cleaning/Janitorial; D D D C. Copy Centers/Postal Service CentersBlueprinting; D D D D. Equestrian Trails; p p p p p E. Fences/Walls; D D D D D F. Police/Fire Protection; D D D D D G. Single-Family Residential p p p p p (Existing - MC 823 3/2/92); and H. Temporary Uses (Subject to [T] Temporary Use Petmit) T T T T T 'Except auto related. ?Permitted in the Emereencv Shelter Overlay District in the IL District pursuant to Chanter 19 10 E._ ' Incidental to a primary use, and contained within a primary structure (15% max.). "Commission recommends to Council for final determination. Other similar uses which the Director finds to fit within the purpose/intent of the zones, in compliance with Section 19.02.070(3). /// /// F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters Industrial Districts with E overlay 10-16-0S.doc EXHIBIT B CHAPTER 19.10-E EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT 19.10-E.O10 PURPOSE The purpose of this chapter is to provide for an area within the II,. Industrial Light land use district. as referenced in Table 08.01 of Chapter 19.08, where emergency shelters. in accordance with Government Code Section 65583. are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit, or other discretionary Hermit. Recognizing the need for available and affordable sites for establishment of emergency shelters uses outside the traditional locations in residential and commercial districts. the Emergencv Shelter Overlav District provides an area within the IL district for new emergency shelters to be integrated with light industrial uses and existin social services in the area. The purpose of the designated boundaries area of applicability) is to maximize the potential for cooperation and synergy of emergency shelters and social services in the Emergencv Shelter Overlav District. 19.10-E.020 AREA OF APPLICABILITY regulations and development standards for industrial uses in the IL District as specified in Chapter 19.08 shall remain in effect. The effect of the Emergency Shelter Overlay District shall be to define the area of applicability where emer ency shelters shall also be permitted with the ap rn oval of a buildine permit. and to add >?eneral and specific development standards for emergency shelters within the IL land use district. 19.10-E.030 GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. Emergency shelters located within the Emergency Shelter Overlay District shall be developed and operated according to the land use regulations, development standards and design euidelines for the 1L District in this Chapter 19.10-E and in Chapter 19.08 Industrial Districts. 2 Emergencv shelters shall be permitted with the approval of a building_permit within the Emergency Shelter OverlaYDistrict as specified in Table 08.01 in Chapter 19.08. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShel[ers Chap 19.10.E -10.16-OS.doc 19.10-E.040 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 1 The following standards shall apply to the development of specific emergencv shelters within the Emer~encv Shelter Overlay District: A. EMERGENCY SHELTERS Emergencyshelters nrovidingtemgorarv housing and support services to homeless persons shall be permitted in the Emergeencv Shelter Overlav District of the IL, Industrial Lighht land use district subject to the standards in this Section. As social services with residential con~onents emergencv shelters are also conditionally permitted in several residential and commercial land use districts and throughout the IL Industrial Light land use district The following standards shall be reauired for development or establishment of emergencv shelters in the Emergencv Shelter Overlay District: 111 The maximum resident capacity shall be 50; (21 The maximum length of stay shall be 6 months; (31 The minimum site area shall be one acre; (4) The site shall be located no more than 1 000 feet from a public transit stop: (51 No emergency shelter shall be established on any site less than 500 feet from anv existing single-family residence K-12 school park liquor store or other business with an Alcoholic Beverage Control license to sell alcohol for off-site consumption or adult business~er Section 19 06.030 (21(Al(1); X6,1 No emergenc~helter shall be established on any site less than 300 feet from the site of another emergencv shelter; Off streetparking shall be provided at a ratio of one space per 1 000 souare feet of gross floor area or one space for each employee on the largest shift plus one space for each agency vehicle plus three visitor spaces whichever is greater; (81 Fenci~ and exterior lighting conforming_to the development standards of Chapter 19 20 shall be required to ensure the security of site residents; ALA security and managementplan shall be required to demonstrate adequate plans and capability to operate the emergency shelter in a safe and effective manner including com_ plete descriptions of the following: (a) Fencing lighting video cameras and any other physical improvements T intended to~rovide or enhance security for residents and staff; F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShehers Chap 19.10-E -1416-08.doc (b Staffing_plans, including the qualifications and responsibilities of all staff members and the number and positions of employees on each shift; jcl Procedures and policies for screenine of potential residents to identify individuals who should be referred to medical facilities, residential care facilities, other service agencies or law enforcement; (dl Plans and nolicies for daily operations and supervision of residents: (e) Support services to be offered to residents, including life skills trainine counseling, referral to other service agencies and job placement assistance (fl Plans to coordinate services of the facility with other homeless service providers in San Bernardino County, to improve the effectiveness of the network of agencies serving the homeless, countywide. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergencyshelters Chap 19.10-E -10-16-08.doc EXHIBIT A LIST OF EMERGENCY SHELTERS IN CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO NAME OF ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER OF TYPE OF ORGANIZATION NUMBER BEDS CLIENTS 1. Central City 1354 N "G" St., (909) 381-6921 60 (cold Men only -over Lutheran Mission 92405 weather only) 18 years of age 2. Frazee Homeless 1140 W. Mill St. (909) 889-4424 14 Men only Shelter 92412 3. Mary's Mercy 641 N. Robbads (909) 889-2558 0 Showers for the Center Ave., 92405 (soup kitchen) homeless only 4. Veronica's 1476 W. 6t" St. (909) 888-9064 18 (13 rooms) Women and Home children 5. Veronica's 1495 W. Victoria (909) 888-9064 40* Women and Home Under children Construction (Open July 2009) 6. Operation Grace 1595 Art Townsend (909) 382-8540 5 Women only (no Dr., 92408 kids) 7. Option House, 813 N. "D" St., (909) 381-3471 3 Women and Inc. 92410 children 8. Salvation Army 730 W. Spruce (909) 884-2364 28 Men only 92410 9. Salvation Army 746 W. Fifth St. (909) 888-1336 68 Women and 92410 children 10. Salvation Army 363 Doolittle Rd 124* Unknown at this Under time Construction (Open Nov. 2009) F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters -List of Shelters 10-16-0S.wpd 11. Time for Change Foundation 2130 N. Arrowhead Ave. #104C, 92405 (909) 886-2994 8 (4 Bedrooms - 2 beds each) Women and children 12. Miracles in 1010 N. "D" St. (909) 883-3318 18 12 =men Recovery 2107 N. Sierra Way 6 =women 92404 13. New House, Inc. 2075 N. Arrowhead (909) 881-0389 43 21 =men 92405 22 =women (children stay with their parent) 13 TOTAL 265 -Existing Beds *164 -Beds [Under Construction] F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters -List of Shelters 10-16-08.wpd Exhibit B Map and Aerial Photos of the area between 3'd Street and Central Avenue and from Waterman Avenue to SB Airport dated October 1, 2008 ~i 0 hA C .~ O N J ~:.. a--~ CLO J f0 ~L N C v i Q U ~_ ~U N Q N m o ~ U f~ .... J N N ~ v- a' 'n M O M J _ ~ cp N N N + ~ C T ~ a ~ ~ ~ }, ~ ~ cn ~ ~ ~ M V ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O w ~ N ~ - ~ Q1 N ~ ~ CD J m N Q Q J f0 ~ O O N tf1 r-1 O w 0 C10 C .~ O N J t UA J (6 L c6 v L Q U w- U N Q N ~ m , o L ry U ~ c0 J a ~ m ~ J - ,~ N N Y ~ ~ - ~. L Q H ~ ' C ~ ~ ~ : .. • .~ O c0 ., C N 1A ~ c ~ _ c p ~, N m J m.. ;LL (n Q Q J ~ ~ W O O N N O ~ ra ~~~ ~ ~' k ~~`~~ ~ ~ „L~ t q , ~ j ..~ ~'B ~e 6°, Exhibit C San Bernardino County 2007 Homeless Census and Survey Comprehensive Report by Community Action Partnership i, San Bernardino County 2007 Homeless Census and Survey Comprehensive Report %~::. .. jl y., ,..I... v.~lh Yov+ ....t6 7...+ .• Lwd .,e ~d,,., „ ~..., 4..4 Helping People. Changiny Lives. community TM P A R T N E R S H/ P TM AMERICA'S POVERTY FIGHTING NETWORK Community Action Partnership ~ _ h ` .~ . 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................... .....................................1 Methodology ....................................................................................... ..................................... 1 The Number of Homeless Persons in San Bernardino County .......... ..................................... 2 A Profile of Homelessness ................................................................. .....................................4 Summary ............................................................................................ ...................................11 Introduction ............................................................. . 12 ... ........................... ................................... Project Purpose and Goals ........................... 1 ......................................... .................................. 3 Homeless Census Findings ................................................................... ....... 15 Number of Unsheltered Homeless People ........................... 1 .......................................... .................................. 5 Number of Sheltered Homeless People .............................................. ..................................18 Total of Unsheltered and Sheltered Homeless ................................... .................................. 20 Jurisdictional Breakdowns ................................................................... ..................................21 a Maps of Census Results ..................................................................... .................................. 25 Census Methodology ......................................... ..................................... ..................... .............29 Street Count ........................................................................................ l ..................................29 Shelter and Institution Count ........................................................ ....... .................................. 30 ,' Homeless Census Challenges ............................................................ .................................. 31 Annual Estimation ............................................................................... .................................. 33 Homeless Survey Findings .................................................................... .......... 35 Demographics .... ........................ ................................................................................. .................................. 35 Characteristics of Homelessness ........................................................ ..................................42 ' Disabling Conditions ........................................................................... ..................................44 The Chronically Homeless .................................................................. .................................. 48 Reasons for Homelessness ................................................................ .................................. 50 Accessing of Government Assistance and Homeless Programs ........ .................................. 54 Sources of Income .............................................................................. .................................. 57 Alcohol and Drug Abuse ..................................................................... .................................. 59 Domestic Violence .............................................................................. .................................. 60 Medical Care and Health Conditions .................................................... .................................61 Survey Methodology ...................................................... .......................... Planning and Implementation ......................... ........63 ............................................................... ................. ...... ..........63 Survey Sampling .................................................................................. .................................63 Data Collection ..................................................................................... .................................64 Data Integrity ........................................................................................ .................................65 ' Survey Challenges and Limitations ...................................................... ...................:.............65 Overall Summary for the Continuum of Care Application ................... .................................66 Appendix I: Census Instrument ................................ 67 .............................. ................................. Appendix II: Survey Instrument ............... 68 ............................................... ................................. Appendix II1: General Survey Profile Results ............ 70 ............................ ................................. Appendix IV: Survey Profile Results by Veteran Status ..................... ...... 85 ........................... ' Appendix V: Survey Profile Results by Substance Abuse ................... ...............................100 ~ } ii 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Table of Contents Appendix VI: Survey Profile Results by Youth Age 13 - 21 ................................................115 Appendix VII: Survey Profile Results by Those with Mental Illness ..................................127 Appendix VIII: Survey Profile Results by Length of Homelessness .................................142 Appendix IX: Definitions ........................................................................................................160 _~ .~ ~~ .~ ... 4 .:: ~~ :'~ ?, ~} 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Table of Fi ures .~ =! Table of Figures ,y Figure 1: Comparison of 2003 and 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Enumerations ................................. ......2 '~ Figure 2: Comparison of 2003 and 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Enumerations by Supervisorial -} District .................................................................................................................................................... ......2 . Figure 3: Homeless Point-In-Time and Countywide Annual Estimation, 2007 ...................................................... ......4 Figure 4: Race or Ethnicity of Respondents ........................... ,,,,,,,, ,,,.„5 'j Figure 5: Respondents by Gender ............................... ......5 Figure 6: Percentage of Respondents who are Chronically Homeless .......................................... .....6 ~ Figure 7: Primary Reasons for Homelessness .............................................. .................................... ......9 `- Figure 8: Where Respondents Were Most Recently Living at the Time They Became Homeless ........................ ....10 -=~ Figure 9: Number of Unsheltered Homeless People in 2007 ................................................................................ ....15 ~) Figure 10: Number of Unsheltered Homeless People in 2003 ................................................................................ ....16 ~~ i Figure 11: Total of All Unsheltered People, by Gender, Adult or Youth, and Family Status in 2007 ........................ ...17 Figure 12: Point-in-Time Sheltered Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status ................................... ...18 ~ Figure 13: Sheltered Census by Gender and Individual or Family Status ................................................................ ...18 ~ Figure 14: Number of Homeless Persons Counted in Reporting Emergency Shelters ............................................ ...19 ~ Figure 15: Emergency Shelter Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status .......................................... ...19 Figure 16: Number of Homeless Persons Counted in Reporting Transitional Shelters ............................................ ...19 Figure 17: Transitional Housing Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status ........................................ ...20 Figure 18: Homeless Census Population Total by Setting and Family Status .......................................................... ...20 ~ Figure 19: Homeless Street Count Census Population Total by Census Tract ...................................................... .. ... 25 ~ Figure 20: Homeless Street Count Census -Southwest Focus ............................................................................... ...26 ~ Figure 21: Homeless Street and Shelter Population Total by Census Tract ............................................................ ...27 ' Figure 22: Homeless Street Count Census Population Total by Supervisorial District ............................................. ...28 Figure 23: Homeless Point-In-Time and Countywide Annual Estimation ................................................................. ...34 Figure 24: Age of Respondents ................................................................................................................................ ...35 Figure 25: Gender of Respondents .......................................................................................................................... ...36 Figure 26: Race or Ethnicity of Respondents ........................................................................................................... ...36 Figure 27: Who Respondents Live With ................................................................................................................... ...37 Figure 28: Number of Reported Children Age 0-5 .................................................................................................... ...37 ~ Figure 29: Number of Reported Children Age 6-12 .................................................................................................. ...38 Figure 30: Number of Reported Children Age 13-17 ................................................................................................ 3 ...38 Figure 31: Number of Reported Children in Foster Care .......................................................................................... ...38 Figure 32: If Respondents' Children Are Old Enough, Are They In School? ............................................................ ...39 Figure 33: Veteran Status 2003 and 2007 ..............................................................................:................................. ...39 Figure 34: Discharge Status in 2007 ........................................................................................................................ ...40 Figure 35: Educational Attainment 2003 and 2007 .................................................................................................. ...40 Figure 36: Respondent in Foster Care .................................................................................................................... ...41 iv 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Table of Fi ures Figure 37: Where Respondents Were Most Recently Living at the Time They Became Homeless ........................... .41 Figure 38: How Long Respondents Have Been Homeless Since They Last Lived in a Permanent Housing Situation .................................................................................................................................................... .42 Figure 39: In the Last 12 Months, Number of Times Respondents Have Been Homeless, Including This Episode of Homelessness ....................................................................................................................................... 43 Figure 40: In the Last 3 Years, Number of Times Respondents Have Been Homeless, Including This Episode of Homelessness ........................................................................................................................................... 43 Figure 41: Where Respondents Are Currently Most Often Living At Night .................................................................. 44 Figure 42: Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Mental Illness or Depression ............................................ 45 Figure 43: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Using Mental Health Services if Experiencing Mental Illness ........................................................................................................................................................ .45 Figure 44: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)... 45 Figure 45: Are Respondents Currently Experiencing a Physical Disability? ............................................................... .46 Figure 46: Are Respondents Currently Experiencing HIV /AIDS or Related Illnesses? .............................................. 46 Figure 47: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Chronic Health Conditions ........................ 47 Figure 48: Are Respondents Currently Experiencing a Developmental Disability? ..................................................... 47 Figure 49: Percentage of Respondents who are Chronically Homeless ..................................................................... 48 Figure 50: Chronically Homeless Population by Gender ............:................................................................................ 49 Figure 51: Chronically Homeless Population by Ethnicity ........................................................................................... 49 Figure 52: Number of Co-occurring Disabling Conditions Among Chronically Homeless ........................................... 49 Figure 53: Services /Assistance Used by the Chronically Homeless (Top 5 Responses) .......................................... 50 Figure 54: Primary Reasons for Homelessness .......................................................................................................... 50 Figure 55: Circumstances That Are Preventing Respondents From Living In Permanent Housing To 5 Res onses ................................................................................................................... P P .................. 52 Figure 56: Number of Months on Section 8 Housing Waiting List ............................................................................... 52 Figure 57: Employment Status of Respondents in 2003 and 2007 ............................................................................ .53 Figure 58: Reasons For Not Being Employed (Top 5 Responses) ..............................................................:.............. .53 Figure 59: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Receiving Any Form of Government Assistance (Top 5 Responses) ...........................................................................................:......................................... 54 Figure 60: Reasons Respondents Provided For Not Receiving Any Government Assistance (Top 5 Responses)..... 55 Figure 61: Services or Assistance Respondents Report Using (Top 5 Responses) .................................................. .55 Figure 62: Awareness of San Bernardino County 211 Help Line ............................................................................... .56 Figure 63: Have You Ever Used the Help Line? .................................................................................................. Figure 64: Total (Gross) Monthly Income From All Government Benefits .................................................................. .57 Figure 65: Total Gross Monthly Income From All Other Sources ............................................................................... .57 Figure 66: Other Sources of Income (Top 5 Responses) ........................................................................................... .58 Figure 67: Percentage of Respondents Who Indicated They Were Currently Experiencing Alcohol Abuse .............. .59 Figure 68: Percentage of Respondents Who Indicated They Were Currently Experiencing Drug Abuse .................. .59 Figure 69: Percentage of Respondents Who Were Experiencing Substance Abuse and Are Currently Receiving Substance Abuse Counseling .......................................................................... ,............. ........................... .60 v !~ --~ =~ ., ':, _5 .~: ~__~ r '~ j 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Table of Fi ures J ~~i Figure 70: Respondents Currently Experiencing Domestic/Partner Violence or Abuse (By Gender) ..........................60 j Figure 71: Percentage of Respondents Who Have Needed Health Care and Been Unable to Receive It Since } Becoming Homeless ..................................................................................................................................61 ~ Figure 72: Where Respondents Usually Get Medical Care (Top 5 Responses) .........................................................62 Figure 73: Number of Times in the Past Year Respondents Have Used the Emergency Room For Any Treatment..62 vi 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census and Survey Acknowledgements Project Donors and Sponsors Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County City of Barstow City of Chino City of Colton City of Fontana City of Hesperia City of Ontario City of Rialto San Bernardino County Department of Behavioral Health San Bernardino County Workforce Development Department City of San Bernardino Redevelopment Agency City of San Bernardino City of Victorville Town of Apple Valley San Bernardino County Department of Public Health San Bernardino County Human Services System San Bernardino County Veterans Affairs Housing Authority of San Bernardino County Acknowledgements Children's Fund of San Bernardino County Pacific Life Foundation The considerable talents and efforts of many individuals helped to assure the success of this endeavor. Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County (CAPSBC) would like to thank the many service providers who assisted in the administration of surveys, facilitated the process of homeless peer enumeration by recruiting census workers, and opened the doors of their facilities to host training sessions, deploy census workers, or distribute surveys. Finally, CAPSBC would like to thank the community volunteers, homeless census and survey workers, as well as the survey respondents, whose efforts are reflected throughout the findings of this report. vii 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census and Survey Acknowledgements Project Committee Patricia L. Nickols Community Action Partnership Naomi D. Norman Community Action Partnership Rowena Concepcion Community Action Partnership Major Russell Fritz Salvation Army Isaac Jackson Department of Behavioral Health Chris Mardis San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors Applied Survey Research Project Directors Peter Connery Kelly Pleskunas Lloyd Dixon Community Development and Housing Kurt Wilson City of San Bernardino Gary Morris San Bernardino County Human Services System Dr. Mildred Henry Provisional Accelerated Learning (PAL) Center Bill Moseley Department of veterans Affairs Analysts and Researchers Laura Connery Shannon Fulton Ken Ithiphol Tracy Keenan Jillianne Leufgen Hope Malcom Maltz Holly Maclure Monica Morales Kristin Ozawa Javier Salcedo Deanna Zachary Susan Brutschy, President viii 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census and Survey Acknowled ements :~ ~ Training Centers, Deployment Sites, and Survey Distribution Centers Community Action Partnership of San Vista Guidance Center Bernardino County Morongo Basin Mental Health VARP, Inc. 3 New House, Inc Operation Break Through ~.~ B Central City Lutheran Mission Inland Behavioral Health Services Salvation Army Frazee Community Center ; , High Desert Homeless Services Inland Valley Recovery Services Desert Manna Ministries Mary's Mercy Center ~ Foothill Family Shelter New Dawn Residential Care New Hope Village Untied States Veterans Initiative Community Outreach Services ICnotts Family Agency San Bernardino County Department of Aging and San Bernardino County Department of Adzrlt Services Behavioral Healt/r San Bernardino County Superintendent of San Bernardino County Department of Veterans Schools Affairs San Bernardino City Police Department Photographs courtesy of Gabriel Acosta, Spencer Grant and Yahara Quezada ;~ s ix .~ :• ~~ _;~ ~~ , _,l 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary Executive Summary Homelessness is often cited as one of the most prominent indicators of our nation's social and economic condition. Over the past 25 years, the number of people who are homeless has increased. Two trends are largely responsible for this rise in homelessness: the growing shortage of affordable housing and the increase in poverty. Often homelessness is a result of circumstances that force people to choose between housing and other basic needs.Z In an effort to generate valid qualitative and quantitative data regarding the issue of homelessness in San Bernardino County, the Cotrununity Action Partnership of San Bernardino County (CAPSBC) contracted Applied Survey Research (ASR) to conduct the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Count. A similar study was conducted in San Bernardino County in 2003 with ASR as the lead researcher. At the core of the data collection methodology is the importance of homeless and formerly homeless persons participating in the data collection efforts. Between November 2002 and February 2007, there was a 39% increase in the number of homeless residents found in San Bernardino County. This executive summary provides an overview of the process, the results, and comparisons with the previous study. Methodology Two strategies were used to collect the data for this study: a point-in-time count and a comprehensive qualitative assessment via homeless peer interviews. This methodology is recommended by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and has been successfully implemented in several counties across California, including Los Angeles, Mendocino, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, and Monterey Counties, and in the HUD case study of the City of Atlanta, as well as Fulton and DeKalb counties in Georgia. At the core of this research methodology is the conviction that homeless persons should be integrated into the research effort by their participation on census and survey data collection teams, as they possess first-hand knowledge of the places where homeless individuals are likely to be found. It is believed that a homeless census and survey effort would not be successful without the assistance of these individuals. Previous homeless enumeration efforts in other communities have proven the reliability and integrity of this approach and our research teams included trained homeless workers and volunteer service providers as well. ;} The first component of the project, apeer-oriented, point-in-time count of street and sheltered homeless, was accomplished by canvassing 244 census tracts throughout San Bernardino County in the early morning hours of February 27`'' and 28`h, 2007. Data gathered by ASR for the shelter count involved the reporting of occupancies from shelters and institutions -emergency shelters, transitional housing ~ Coalition for the Homeless. 2006. Wley are People Horneless?Fact Sheet #i. Washington, DC: National Coalition for the Homeless. z Ibid. .~ 1 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary programs, and hotels and motels that accept vouchers. These occupancies were reported the nights before the census began. The second component of the project consisted of comprehensive one-on-one interviews conducted by trained homeless workers and service providers. A total of 697 homeless San Bernardino County residents were interviewed from early March to early April, 2007. All research activities relied heavily on homeless residents and service providers in the data collection phase for both outreach and data quality. The results of the survey were then used to create a qualitative profile of the County's homeless population. This methodology is in compliance with the 2006 HUD recommended street and shelter survey methodology. It should be noted that like other homeless surveys, the respondent sample was not truly random, since there is insufficient data about the target population to develop a truly random sampling methodology. The Number of Homeless Persons in San Bernardino County The 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey counted 6,111 homeless people on streets within the 244 tracts, and counted an additional 1,220 homeless people in emergency shelters, transitional housing, people using vouchers, and those in domestic violence shelters. Rehabilitation facilities reported having 145 homeless people. County hospitals and jails could not be reached to get a count of the number of homeless in those facilities. The final result of the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey is 7,331 persons, which excludes the rehabilitation, jails, and hospital figures. Figure 1 'Please note, the 2003 San Bernardino Homeless Census methodology was different than the methodology employed in the 2007 Homeless Census and is reviewed on the following page. Figure 2: Comparison of 2003 and 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Enumerations by Supervisorial District ~ District 1 i~ 1,078 ~t 1,420 District 2 503 741 District 3 1,052 1,893 District 4 396 880 District 5 2,241 2,264 Overall Total 5,270 7,198 'Please note, the 2007 enumeration total does not include 133 persons reported in County-wide Domestic Violence shelters. Because these are confidential locations, they have not been assigned to any district. :: --~ 2 Comparison of 2003 and 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Enumerationst ~~~ ~~ ~) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary In reviewing the findings of the 2003 and 2007 enumerations, it is important to note key methodological changes: 1) In 2003, County voting districts were the unit of analysis used to count the number of homeless on the streets of San Bernardino County. In 2007, Geographical Information System (GIS) census tract maps were used as the unit of analysis. GIS maps arc more accurate than voting district maps, and help ensure an unduplicated count of the County's homeless. 2) In 2003, an informant count was used to supplement information on known whereabouts of the homeless. In 2007, an informant count was not used, as it may have resulted in a duplicated count. 3) In the 2003 figures, persons in cars, vans, RVs/campers, those in encampments, and those who gender could not be identified were not reported separately. These figures are reported separately in the 2007 report. 4) In 2007, the HUD-reportable numbers do not include people in rehabilitation facilities, hospitals or jails due to HUD's more narrow definition of who is considered homeless for the point-in-time count. These numbers will be reported separately; and 5) Finally, the 2007 census uses a new formula to calculate the annual estimate of homeless people in San Bernardino County, so the annualizations from previous years are not directly comparable to those for 2007. This new formula provides greater compliance with HUD approved formulas. The 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Survey yielded data regarding the frequency and length of homeless episodes, which were used to calculate an annual estimate of the number of people who experience homelessness in a year. This new HUD-recommended formula produced an annual estimate of 17,551 persons who were homeless some titnc during 2006. Based on the 2006 population estimates from the State of California Deparhnent of Finance, this annual estimate of homelessness represents approximately 0.9% of San Bernardino County's total population of 1,978,923 people.; This annual estimate is consistent with other research findings. The California Research Bureau estimates that approximately 361,000 people are homeless in California at any one time (approximately 1% of the general population), and estimates the total number of people who experience homelessness over the course of a year to be between one and two million people, or between 3% and 5% of California's general population.4 According to a 2002 study done by the National Coalition for the Homeless, approximately 3.5 million people, or about 1% of the U.S. general population, experience homelessness in a given year. s State of California, Department of Finance, Race/ Ethnic Population with Age and Sex Detail, 2000-2050. a Foster, Lisa K. and Snowdon, Patricia. Addressing Long-Tenn Homelessness: Permanent Supportiae Nousing. California Research Bureau. August 2003. 3 ?007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary ~igure 3: Homeless Point-In-Time and Countywide Annual Estimation, 2007 zo,ooo 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 All qualitative data about homelessness in this report were derived from direct surveys of a sample of homeless persons. As with all surveys of this nature, results are potentially biased by memory recall issues, though our review of the data does not indicate this was a significant issue. Additionally, for critical profile interest areas such the prevalence of disabling conditions, the research design relied on self-described and self-defined responses. This is an approved method in homeless qualitative profiluig due to the limitations in connecting homeless persons to their clinical profiles, if they exist. A Profile of Homelessness Of the 7,331 homeless people identified in the 2007 point-in-time count, 17% were in shelter facilities and 83% were considered unsheltered. This highlights the importance of combined street-based and shelter-based enumerations, versus shelter-centered only enumeration efforts. • Approximately 31% (1,887) of the homeless street population was living in vehicles (cars, campers, vans, etc.). Demographically, the population is diverse: the largest percentage of homeless survey respondents were Caucasian (45%) while 22% were Hispanic/Latino, 24% were African American, 2% were American Indian or Alaskan Native, 2% were Asian or Pacific Islander, and 5% identified with other or multiple racial or ethnic groups. The two largest age groups were 41-50 years old (31%) and 31-40 years old (27%). According to the State of California Department of Finance population estimates, Caucasians comprise 27% of the total population of San Bernardino County, and Hispanic/Latinos comprise 53% of the total population. African Americans comprise 11% of the population, while Asian/Pacific Islanders comprise 7% of the County's population. Therefore, African Americans (24%) and Caucasians _(45%) were significantly over-represented in the survey, and Hispanic/Latinos (2%) were significantly under- represented as compared to the general population of San Bernardino County. Asian/Pacific Islanders (2%) were also under-represented in comparison. 4 ~~~ }, °" .~ ?~y~~ x .~ >_ =.:: `.. Point-In-Time Count Annual Estimation '! 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary Figure 4: Race or Ethnicity of Respondents 60% 52.8% ~ 44.7% 40% a 26.7/0 24.4% 21.8% , 20% 10.6% 2.0,0 ,;- 7.3% 5.1% ° °~ 0.7i~ 2.0 -1.8/0 0% ~ ~~ ~ Caucasian African American Hispanic/Latino American Asian/Pacific Other/Multi-ethnic Indian/Alaskan Islander ^2007 San Bernardino Homeless Survey (N=692) ®2007 San Bernardino General Population (N = 2,016,466) San Bernardino County General Population data source: State of California, Department of Finance, Race/Ethnic Population with Age and Sex Detail, 2000-2050. In the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Survey, females were slightly over-represented in the survey population at 36%, as compared to the female homeless population of San Bernardino County of 30%. Males were slightly under-represented in the survey population at 63%, as compared to the male homeless population of San Bernardino County of 70%. Approximately 1% of the survey population were transgender. Figure 5: Respondents by Gender 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 7A 10/ Note: Numbers for the survey results do not total 100%, due to 1.0% of the respondents identifying themselves as transgender. Numbers for San Bernardino Homeless Survey: Male = 435, Female = 247. Numbers for San Bernardino Census (Shelter and Street Count) Results: Male = 2,292, Female = 979. 5 Male Female ^2007 San Bernardino Homeless Survey ©2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary The Chronic Homeless A profile of the chronically homeless was obtained from the data gathered from the homeless survey. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development defines a chronically homeless person as: An unaccompanied individual with a disabling condition who {zas been: 1. Continzzally homeless for one year or more; or 2. Has experienced four or more episodes of homelessness within the past 3 years. It should be noted that "a disabling condition" includes physical, mental and developmental disabilities, as well as alcoholism, drug addiction, depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), HIV/AIDS, or a chronic health condition. Of the 697 homeless survey respondents, approximately 38% (267 respondents) can be considered chronically homeless. This figure is higher than the one reported in the 2007 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress, which compiled data from 2005 HUD applications of all the Continuums of Care. That report found that 23% of all homeless people are chronically homeless.s Figure 6: Percentage of Respondents who are Chronically Homeless ~ oo°i° 75% 50% 25% 0% N=697 s U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Community Plamung and Development, The Annual Homeless Assessment R~~rort to Congress, 2007. 6 ~~ ~= `~ =:_.~ F`~~ "°'t 'l '-_~ :`_ Yes Na :.i '~~ , ~j 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary The Daily Condition of Homeless Persons -Survey Results Frequency of Homelessness • Approximately 50% of homeless survey respondents indicated they had been homeless only once within the past 12 months. • Nearly 16% of homeless survey respondents had been homeless six or more times in the past 3 years. Length of Homelessness • Approximately 45% percent of all respondents had been homeless for one year or more. • Of those, 18% of respondents indicated they had been homeless for more than three years. Usual Sleeping Arrangements • Twenty-six percent (26%) of survey respondents indicated their usual nighttime sleeping arrangement was outdoors. • Over 22% indicated they usually spent the night in transitional housing, emergency or other types of shelters. • Eleven percent (11%) of the respondents stayed in a car, van, or camper. • Approximately 15% said their usual sleeping arrangements were in a garage, backyard storage structure, or a place other than the outdoors not meant to be used as shelter for human beings. • An additional 7% slept in an abandoned building. Unemployment • Approximately 88% of the homeless were unemployed at the tune of the survey. • The three leading causes of unemployment were not having a permanent address (34%), no transportation (32%), or not having a phone (29%). ` Access of Government Assistance • Approximately 46% of survey respondents received government assistance. Over 54% indicated they received no government assistance through General Assistance, Food Stamps, WIC, SSI/SSDI, CalWorks, Mcdi-Cal/Medi-Care, Social Security or Veteran's Benefits. • The most common benefit that was accessed by respondents was Food Stamps (25%). i } 7 _2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary • Of those respondents not receiving government assistance, the most common reason they did not thu~lc they were eligible (25%). Children and Families • Almost 23% of respondents reported having children. • Nearly 5% of all survey respondents reported living with their children, while an additional 1% indicated they were living with their spouse and children. • Of those with children under the age of l8, approximately 32% of respondents indicated they had children in foster care. • Almost 20% of respondents lived with other homeless family or friends. Domestic Violence • Approximately 14% of female respondents and 6% of male respondents reported they were currently experiencing domestic violence. • Approximately 9% of all respondents indicated they were currently experiencing domestic violence. Disabling Conditions • Overall, approximately 73% of survey respondents indicated they were experiencing a disabling condition. For the purposes of this survey, a disabling condition was identified as a physical disability, developmental disability, mental illness, depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, alcohol or drug use, HIV/AIDS, or chronic health problems. • Approximately 26% indicated they were experiencing a physical disability. • Almost 34% of respondents reported they were experiencing alcohol abuse,. while 35% indicated they were experiencing drug use. • Nearly 26% of respondents were experiencing mental illness, while approximately 42% were experiencing depression and 13% were experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). ~:~ o-~ ;' .::~ i .~ 8 .~ '~:~ ~~ :~ j, ~) ~) `} 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary The Primary Reasons for Becoming Homeless Overall, survey respondents most frequently cited loss of job or unemployment or alcohol or drug use as the primary event or condition that led to their current episode of homelessness; these causes were named by approximately 24% of respondents in 2007. It should be noted that this response is a subjective self- analysis and it is not possible to determine objectively which condition preceded the other. Other common causes of homelessness were argument with family or friends (10%), incarceration (6%) or family/domestic violence (4%). Approximately 10% of respondents indicated there were other primary reasons for their homelessness that were not listed on the survey. Figure 7: Primary Reasons for Homelessness - ~. Lostjob~ ii 28.4% . . ~i 23.7% High cost of housinglrentz 17.5% - Alcohol or drug use 17.1 % 23.5% Argument/family orfriend asked you to leave3 2.8% 9.9% Incarceration 7.1 % 5.8% Familyldomestic violence4 2.3% 4.4% Landlord sold/stopped renting or reused propertys - 4.1 Mental health issues 1.7% 3.9% Housing eviction2 3.5% -- Disabilityz 3.3% - Don't knowldeclined to states 0.3% 3.2% Landlord raised rents -- 3.0% Illness or medical problems 1.4% 2.5% Divorced or separated 4,g% 2,0% Lost of parent/death2 1.3% -- No transportationlcar2 0.5% Runawaylleft homez 0.4% - Gambling problems -- 1.6% Hospitalization/treatment programs -- 0.6% For being Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual -- 0.6% Hurricane Katrinas -- 0.4% Got too old for foster care 0.4% 0.4% Other natural disasterlfirelfloods - 0.4% Other 7.0% 9.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% N=1,375 N=689 1 1 'This response was re-worded from "Unemployment" to "Lost job" in 2007. ZThis response was omitted from the 2007 survey. 9 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary 3This response was re-worded from "Conflict with Family" to "Argument -friend or family asked you to leave" in 2007. °Response option was re-worded in 2007 from "Family Violence" to "Family !Domestic Violence." SNew response option added in 2007. 6This response was re-worded from "HealthlMedical Costs" to "Illness or medical problem" in 2007. Figure 8: Where Respondents Were Most Recently Living at the Time They Became Homeless San Bernardino ~_.._... ^San Bernardino County ^ Los Angeles County ^ Riverside County OOther County in CA ^ Out of State Angeles County 10.6% N=695 10 6.6% Other County in CA 6.3% 4.5% H _Y , ~ , 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Executive Summary } Summary .~ ~~ The 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey 'a revealed a diverse population with many different needs. The ,) prominence of women and homeless families with children demonstrates that the County's homeless population is varied and :'~ changing. The dramatic effect that homelessness has on families and y children is clear, and correlations to future complicated case .~ management issues are apparent. With unemployment and alcohoUdrug abuse cited as the two primary cause of homelessness in -~ 2007, it appears that economic and substance abuse issues are :~~d paramount obstacles for the homeless to overcome. Overall, the results of this study show that homelessness has increased 39% in San Bernardino since 2003. This increase is significant and is inconsistent with results from other communities in the area. Los Angeles, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego Counties all experienced slight or significant decreases in their point-in-time homeless counts. Though many services providers are working hard to provide services and support for the homeless population, the County still struggles with an increasing homeless population. With 83% of the homeless being unsheltered, it is clear that a great effort is needed to serve the growing needs of the County's homeless. ) As the characteristics and needs of the homeless population continue to evolve, the importance of -~ measuring such characteristics and needs heightens. This community-wide research effort, and the results presented in this report, hold the potential to assist San Bernardino County in the acquisition of additional funding for homeless services, as well as to help service providers craft and refine programs that truly .~ reflect the needs of the dynamic population they serve. It is also hoped that this report will contribute to i San Bernardino County Continuum of Care's efforts to end homelessness. 11 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census and Survey Introduction Introduction During the period of February 27`h and 28`h 2007, Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County (CAPSBC), in conjunction with Applied Survey Research (ASR), conducted the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Count. ASR is anon-profit social research firm based in Watsonville, California, with extensive experience in homeless enumeration and research. At the center of ASR's research plan is the importance of homeless and formerly homeless persons participating in the data collection efforts. Due to the large size of San Bernardino County, it was necessary to conduct the enumeration over a period of two days. On February 27`'', enumeration teams were deployed from the City of San Bernardino, Yucca Valley, and Twentynine Palms. The following day, enumeration teams were deployed from the City of San Bernardino, Victorville, Barstow, Upland and Big Bear Lake. The data presented in this report will provide information to support County and Statewide efforts to mitigate and end homelessness and provide invaluable data regarding the number and characteristics of homeless persons in San Bernardino County. The findings of this report will be presented to the County Board of Supervisors, and will be shared with city governments, the community of service providers, as well as the general County population. These results are intended to help improve current homeless management policy and empower all agencies and groups to more effectively develop services and programs to serve the County's homeless population. Additionally, this data will support evaluation of current strategies, as well as the development of new approaches by Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County (CAPSBC) as well as the Continuum of Care as they address homelessness within their communities. 12 f _:< a '. `3 ..., :~j ' , } :1 ;) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Project Purpose and Goals Project Purpose and Goals In 2001, the United States government adopted a national goal to move toward ending chronic homelessness in ten years.6 Furthermore, the U.S. Congress required that state and municipal governments receiving federal funds under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act must conduct a biennial, regular point-in-time count of their homeless populations. For these reasons, and most importantly, because of Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County's desire for more accurate and useful data, Community Action Partnership and its municipal governments undertook this homeless census and sttrvey. The 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Project Committee identified several important project goals: • To increase public awareness of homeless issues and generate support for constructive solutions; • To improve the ability of policy makers and service providers to plan and implement services that meet the needs of the homeless; • To preserve current federal funding for homeless services and to enhance the ability to raise new funds. The results of this research will assist service providers, policy makers, funding sources, and local, state, and federal governments in better understanding and planning for the needs of the homeless population by examining current statistics in various geographical contexts. It is hoped that the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey will help policy makers and service providers more effectively develop services and programs to serve the County's hotnelcss population. The data presented in this report provide an updated view of the homeless population in San Bernardino County. The census and survey data will help CAPSBC further understand likely causes and contributing factors of homelessness, and thereby, develop the best possible strategies to address remedies and mitigating efforts. Operational Definition As a basis for this study, the McKinney-Vento definition of homelessness was used: 1. An individual who lacks a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence, and 2. An individual who has a primary nighttime residence that is: a. A supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations (including welfare hotels, congregate shelters, and transitional housing .for the mentally ill); or b. An institzetion shat provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized,- or b The White House Domestic Policy Council, New Freedom Initiative: A Progress Report, Chapter 3, 2004. 13 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Pro~ect Purpose and Goals c. A public or private place not designated .for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings. This definition does not allow for those marginally housed, "doubled-up" or "couch surfing" (more specifically, those who "float" from location to location}. Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County may also want to discuss new or revised strategies to gather more data in future studies on various homeless sub-groups. In particular: • People inhabiting inaccessible structures unfit for human occupation • Youth populations Additionally, other studies have shown the prevalence of homeless persons living on private property This is an area that should be assessed in future homeless enumeration efforts. `~= ~ ~_ =~ °~, 14 '„ ::, ~~ ~~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Homeless Census Findings To accurately enumerate the County's homeless population, apoint-in-time census was conducted of: 1. Unsheltered homeless people, including those found on streets, in vehicles, in makeshift shelters (such as tents), and encampments; 2. Sheltered homeless people occupying emergency shelters, transitional housing, domestic violence shelters, and using hotel/motel vouchers and; 3. Homeless people occupying short-stay institutions such as hospitals, residential rehabilitation facilities, and jails (although HUD does not include these people in the point-in-time count.) Number of Unsheltered Homeless People The point-in-time street count was conducted on Tuesday and Wednesday, February 27`x' and 28"', 2007 from approximately 5:00 am to 9:00 am. Census enumerators canvassed all 244 U.S. census tracts in San Bernardino County. There were 3,137 persons found on the street (including those reported by park rangers), 250 persons in cars, 1,637 persons in vans or RVs, and 1,087 persons in encampments counted within the 244 tracts during the point-in-time street census. In addition, 1,220 persons were counted in the point-in-time shelter census. The total of the street count and final shelter count is 7,331 homeless persons. For the purposes of the street count portion, a family was defined as a single person or a couple with at least one child under the age of 18. Please note, "Total Undetermined Gender" includes those whose gender could not be determined, as well as people living in vehicles, encampments or parks. Figure 9: Number of Unsheltered Homeless People in 2007 15 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Figure 10: Number of Unsheltered Homeless People in 2003 'Note: This count included those homeless reported by informants. This "informant count" was not included in the 2007 methodology. During the course of the street count, enumerators counted cars, vans, RVs, and other types of vehicles with what appeared to be sleeping occupants. Enumerators also counted actively occupied homeless encampments. There have been few, if any, studies on typical sizes of homeless encampments. The definition of an encampment for the purposes of this study was one or more makeshift structures for living, including (but not limited to) tents, tarps, cardboard, or crates actively being occupied by homeless persons. Out of concern for the privacy of the homeless conununity and the safety of the enumerators, census workers were instructed not to approach vehicles or to enter encampment areas. Instead, when they could not clearly count the number of occupants, enumerators were asked to just note on their census tally sheet how many vehicles or encampments they discovered. During the 2007 street census enumerators counted 201 cars, 925 vans or RVs and 405 encampments. To calculate the number of homeless persons in those cars, vans/RVs, and encampments, empirical data from the 2007 San Bernardino County Survey were used to generate a "multiplier." This was done by asking survey respondents who reported staying in cars, vans, RVs, or encampments how many people typically stayed there, producing an average number of people for each of these sleeping locations. The multiplier for cars was 1.2424, for vans/RVs it was 1.7692, and for encampments it was 2.6842. These multipliers were applied to every car, van/RV, or encampment identified, resulting in the numbers reported previously. 16 ~` •I 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings _~ The graph below illustrates the distribution of the demographics from the street count: Figure 11: Total of All Unsheltered People, by Gender, Adult or Youth, and Family Status in 20071 Individual Men Individual Women Individual Youth Undetermined Gender People in Families People in Cars People in RV'sNans People in Encampments Reported by Ranger N = 6,111 'Note: The individual men and individual women categories do not equal 100% due to the large number of homeless of unknown gender. Nearly 31 % of those individuals identified during the street count were living in a car, RV or van, while 18% were living in an encampment. Individual males accounted for 30% of those identified during the street count, while individual females accounted for 9% of those identified during the street count. Almost 5% of those living on the street were individual youth under 18. Nearly 3% of those identified were in families. 17 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Number of Sheltered Homeless People Shelter Count Results The number of homeless persons occupying emergency shelters, transitional housing, domestic violence shelters, and institutional housing were enumerated in conjunction with the street count. While the number of people in rehabilitation facilities, hospitals and jails is also reported separately, HUD does not include them in the point-in-time count. They are instead reported as important supplemental information. A total of 1,220 people were counted in the point-in-time shelter census in 2007. This is a slight decrease from 2003, when 1,242 people were counted in the point-in-time shelter census. It must be noted that the 2007 figure does not include homeless persons reported in rehabilitation facilities, hospitals and/or jails. These persons were included in the 2003 shelter count. The following tables are a breakdown of the point- in-time shelter count by gender and familial status. Figure 13: 75% 50% 25% 0% Sheltered Census by Gender and Individual or Family Status ^ Men ^ Women O Youth N=1,220 The following tables further illustrate the results of the shelter count by the type of shelter facility. The numbers in the tables below are subsets of the 1,220 total sheltered homeless. 18 Figure 12: Point-in-Time Sheltered Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status Homeless Individuals Homeless Families Total 2Q07 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Emergency Shelter Results As shown in the following table, a total of 807 people were housed in emergency shelters or used vouchers during the point-in-time enumeration in 2007. This is an increase from 2003, when 295 people were reported as housed in emergency shelters. Nearly 61 % of those counted in emergency shelters were in families, while approximately 39% were individuals. Figure 15: Emergency Shelter Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status 75% 50% 25% 0% Homeless Individuals Homeless Families Total ^ Men ^ Women ®Youth N=807 Transitional Housing Results A total of 413 homeless persons were housed in transitional housing facilities in 2007. This is a decrease from 2003, when 650 people were reportedly housed in transitional housing facilities. The majority of those counted in transitional housing facilities were individual men (51 %) and 19% were youth in families. 19 Figure 14: Number of Homeless Persons Counted in Reporting Emergency Shelters Figure 16: Number of Homeless Persons Counted in Reporting Transitional Shelters 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Figure 17: Transitional Housing Occupancy, by Gender and Individual or Family Status 75% 50% 25% o°i° ^ Men ^ Women N=413 Total of Unsheltered and Sheltered Homeless ©Youth The total number of homeless (unsheltered and sheltered) from the point-in-time count was 7,331. This count represents approximately 0.4% of San Bernardino County's total population of 2,016,466 people.' This figure is similar to recent national reports, which cite the total point-in-time estimate of homeless persons as less than 0.3% of the entire U.S. population.8 The following charts illustrate the total by setting (unsheltered versus type of shelter) and family status, by street versus shelter occupancy, and by demographic distribution. Figure 18: Homeless Census Population Total by Setting and Family Status ~ , Unsheltered B 5,944 :.. 167 ~ - . ~ 6,111 83.4°,0 In emergency shelter facilities 317 490 807 11.0% In transitional housing facilities 292 121 413 5.6% Totals 6,553 778 7,331 100.0% of Totals 89.4% 10.6°1° -- 100.0% ~ State of California, Department of Finance, Race/Ethnic Population with Age and Sex Detail, 2000-2050. " U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Community Planning and Development. The Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress. February, 2007. 20 ~~ ~.., ~~ •_ .:3 ~: 'mot 1 .~ ~'- :~ ~:~ ~~ Homeless Individuals Homeless Families Total 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Jurisdictional Breakdowns Unsheltered and Sheltered Homeless Census Population Total, by City or Area Adelanto 10 ~„ 11 _.. .. 5 26 0.4% Apple Valley 55 20 9 84 1.1 Barstow 107 43 34 184 2.5% Big Bear 32 10 11 53 0.7% Bloomington 9 0 37 46 0.6% Chino 69 0 48 117 1.6% Chino Hills 35 4 24 63 0.9% Colton 117 21 164 302 4.1 CresNine 5 0 2 7 0.1 Domestic Violence Shelters 36 97 0 133 1.8% Fontana 148 33 414 595 8.1 Grand Terrace 13 0 20 33 0.5% Hesperia 129 21 146 296 4.0% Highland 95 4 13 112 1.5% Joshua Tree 38 14 107 159 2.2% Loma Linda 36 51 11 98 1.3% Montclair 88 2 39 129 1.8% Needles 24 5 16 45 0.6% Ontario 331 60 140 531 7.2% Rancho Cucamonga 48 14 60 122 1.7% Redlands 63 44 51 158 2.2% Rialto 94 4 35 133 1.8% Running Springs 3 0 0 3 0.1 San Bernardino 1,397 178 340 1,915 26.1% Twentynine Palms 42 7 44 93 1.3% Twin Peaks 6 0 0 6 0.1 Unincorporated 283 36 896 1,215 16.6% Upland 46 10 8 64 0.9% Victorville 113 87 102 302 4.1 Yucaipa 25 3 t07 135 1.8% Yucca Valley 27 11 134 172 2.3% Total 3,524 790 3,017 7,331 100.0% 21 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Unsheltered Homeless Census Population Total, by City or Area :.. Adelanto 10 0 5 Apple Valley 53 3 9 15 0.2% 65 1.1 Barstow 78 0 34 112 1.8% Big Bear 28 2 11 41 0.7% Bloomington 9 0 37 46 0.8% Chino 65 0 48 113 1.8% Chino Hills 35 4 24 63 1.0% Colton 95 11 164 270 4.4% Crestline 5 0 2 7 0.1 Fontana 148 13 414 575 9.4% Grand Terrace 13 0 20 33 0.5% Hesperia 101 13 146 260 4.3% Highland 95 0 13 108 1.8% Joshua Tree 37 0 107 144 2.4% Loma Linda 36 12 11 59 1.0% Montclair 88 0 39 127 2.1 Needles 24 5 16 45 0.7% Ontario 331 28 140 499 8.2% Rancho Cucamonga 48 0 60 108 1.8°1° Redlands 62 0 51 113 1.8% Rialto 94 4 35 133 2.2% San Bernardino 976 23 340 1,339 21.9% Twentynine Palms 41 0 44 85 1.4% Unincorporated 283 36 896 1,215 19.9% Upland 46 0 8 54 0.9% Victorville 74 10 102 186 3.0% Yucaipa 25 3 107 135 2.2% Yucca Valley 27 0 134 161 2.6% Total 2,927 167 3,017 6,111 100.0% 22 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Sheltered Homeless Census Population Total, by City or Area Apple Valley 2 17 19 1.6% Barstow 29 43 72 5.9% Big Bear 4 8 12 1.0% Chino 4 0 4 0.3% Colton 22 10 32 2.6% Domestic Violence Shelters 36 97 133 10.9% Fontana 0 20 20 1.6% Hesperia 28 8 36 3.0% Highland 0 4 4 0.3% Joshua Tree 1 14 15 1.2% Loma Linda 0 39 39 3.2% Montclair 0 2 2 0.2% Ontario 0 32 32 2.5% Rancho Cucamonga 0 14 14 1.1 Redlands 1 44 45 3.7% Running Springs 3 0 3 0.2% San Bernardino 421 155 576 47.2% Twentynine Palms 1 7 8 0.7% Twin Peaks 6 0 6 0.5% Upland 0 10 10 0.8% Victorville 39 77 116 9.5% Yucca Valley 0 11 11 0.9% Total 597 623 1,220 10D.0% 23 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Comparison -Unsheltered and Sheltered Homeless Census Population Total by City or Area, 2003 and 2007' Adelanto ~.. ~~ 49 -., ~~ 26 ,. -23 ,. -46.9"' Apple Valley 81 84 3 3.7% Barstow 387 184 -203 -52.5% Big Bear 19 53 34 178.9% Bloomington 245 46 -199 -81.2% Chino 33 117 84 254.5% Chino Hills 3 63 60 2,000.0% Colton 154 302 148 96.1 Crestline 65 7 -58 -89.2% Domestic Violence Shelters - 133 133 -- Fontana 102 595 493 483.3% Grand Terrace 6 33 27 450.0% Hesperia 220 296 76 34.5% Highland 160 112 -48 -30.0% Joshua Tree 62 159 97 156.5% Loma Linda 39 98 59 151.3% Montclair 28 129 101 360.7% Morongo Basin 236 - -236 -- Needles 39 45 6 15.4% Ontario 332 531 199 59.9% Rancho Cucamonga 260 122 -138 -53.1 Redlands 347 158 -189 -54.5% Rialto 237 133 -104 -43.9% Running Springs - 3 3 -- San Bernardino 1,605 1,915 310 19.3% Twentynine Palms 14 93 79 564.3% Twin Peaks - 6 6 -- Unincorporated -- 1,215 1,215 -- Upland 76 64 -12 -15.8% Victorville 226 302 76 33.6% Yucaipa 129 135 6 4,7% Yucca Valley 116 172 56' 48.3% Total 5,270 7,331 -- 39.1 24 .a 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Maps of Census Results Figure 19: Homeless Street Count Census Population Total by Census Tract ~~ aelalt to r to ill Legend • - Homeless Street Count [by Census Tract • 10 ar feh+er peopf~e `z.-._~ Q/7 f 10 - 20 '- j~l • ~-~ 50 -100 • Lrplanrl 0111110 BArstoiv ~ ~ - -'~ ~' _~ ti . c` t ..~.~ _~~t }• ~``:'~~ AF~Ie iitllet~ • ~ r . ~!~-- ~~ • • '+~ • • £ .~j~:~ t i ~ ~~ ~T • •f `, ~~ r ~~ Ontario Recilalt~is sr..,, a zs s pow.. i •I • .-;- K,.,, d 25 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings -- i Figure 20: Homeless Street Count Census -Southwest Focus 26 ' , `_ ;~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findin s Figure 21: Homeless Street and Shelter Population Total by Census Tract :~ } ., J 27 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Findings Figure 22: Homeless Street Count Census Population Total by Supervisorial District Legend Sheter County Supervisorial DisMct ~;._ ~• oiStKc z District 4 - District 1 - District 5 - District 3 Q San Bernardno Canty a District r' Count: 741 t m~ Si '.~ District 5 District 4 Count: 264 2 ",`":..., , Count: kp 88D ~ 6r~+e®: IBS Co.u~G921...dia S..H....LoC~k. 6&.~..b 4a.i<a Dpwn.r i7lRb~a.: F ~R Q ! 10 L1 lIlIR! 4 .. d~lradwhlhea~nxanf lkcl4'. ~m4UnUKl.lcvtrv. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ k 28 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey _ Census Methodology Census Methodology ~~ The census methodology had two components, a street count and a shelter and institution count. The ~ street count results were combined with the shelter and institution count to produce a single point-in-time ~ count of the San Bernardino County homeless. A more detailed discussion of these components follows. °, Street Count A primary goal of the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census was to generate quantitative data regarding the number of County residents who were homeless at a given point in time, as well as an estimate of the number of County residents who experience homelessness annually. A critical component of the census methodology was the recruitment, training, and deployment of homeless individuals, whose intimate knowledge of the street was considered critical to effective outreach. This group of people possessed first-hand knowledge of places homeless individuals were likely to be found. It is believed that a homeless census would not be successful without the assistance of these individuals. Previous homeless enumeration efforts in other communities have proven the value of homeless participation in producing a reliable and accurate count. There were 156 homeless guides and service provider volunteers that conducted the street count on the morning of February 27`'`, 2007, and 190 homeless guide and service providers that conducted the street count on the morning of February 28`h. Homeless guides referred by local service providers were paid $20.00 for completing a two hour training session the week prior to the census, and $10.00 per hour for participating in census activities. Census teams were provided with clipboards and Geographical Information System (GIS) census tract maps of the areas to which they were assigned, pencils, and a review of the census training documents. Homeless guides who provided their own transportation were reimbursed for their gas mileage. On the census days, 244 census tracts were enumerated. No direct contact with research subjects was made during the census enumeration, due to the need to be efficient and safe. To avoid potential duplication of unsheltered and sheltered homeless, it was imperative to enumerate in a narrow timeframe when sheltered and unsheltered homeless do not co-mingle. For this particular census, the early morning hours before shelters opened and released their occupants from the previous night was chosen to avoid potential duplication. Visual-only enumeration strategies were employed. Streets, roads, and highways of the selected tracts were traveled by foot, car, or bike and subjects were counted and tallied according to these observed categories: ~) .~) 29 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Methodolo y • Adult Male ,. Adult Male .~ Vehicles (cars, vans, RV's, campers) • Adult Female Adult Female Encampments • Youth (under age 18) Youth (under age 18) People in parks reported by park ranger • Undetermined genderlage Teams were deployed from multiple sites across the county on February 27`h and 28`''. Homeless workers gathered at the sites at 5:00 AM for area assignments, supplies, and a brief training review. Workers returned to their deployment sites prior to 9:00 AM. Upon their return, teams turned in their census tally forms and were debriefed by the deployment captains. Observational comments and the integrity of the enumeration effort were reviewed and assessed. Unlike the 2003 census, the 2007 census included the use of law enforcement helicopters which aided in the ability to enumerate hard to reach locations, such as area washes and ditches in and around San Bernardino, and high desert locations with limited road access. Youth teams were also deployed in the San Bernardino and Victorville areas to enumerate the number of homeless youth in the County. Because this population tends to congregate after the morning enumeration, teams of youth were deployed in the afternoon hours to known locations such as malls, parks, and transportation centers where homeless youth could be found. Shelter and Institution Count The homeless occupancy of emergency shelters, transitional shelters, hoteUmotel voucher programs, hospitals, residential rehabilitation facilities, and jails were collected for the night prior to the census. While HUD does not include the people in hospitals, residential rehabilitation facilities, and jails in the reportable numbers for the point-in-time count, they are reported separately in this report because they are important supplemental information for the community and service providers. Data Collection The shelter count was conducted using a list of all known shelter operators in San Bernardino County as provided by Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County. Shelter facilities reported their occupancies for the nights prior to the census to Applied Survey Research. Shelters and programs reported people in households with dependent children as families. Shelter Types Different types of shelters and institutions participated in the 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census. Among them were: • Emergency shelters • Transitional housing programs • Transitional Assistance Department (those using vouchers) 30 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Methodo-ogy Homeless Census Challenges Challenges ~` There are many challenges in any homeless enumeration, especially when implemented in a community as diverse as ~? San Bernardino County. While homeless populations are usually concentrated around downtown emergency shelters ~~ and homeless service facilities, homeless individuals and families can also be found in suburbs, commercial districts, `~ and outlying county areas that are not easily accessible by ~ enumerators. The following subset of homeless populations .) are challenging to enumerate due to various reasons: • Chronically homeless persons who have difficulty accessing social and health services. • Persons living in vehicles who relocate every few days. • Persons who have children and stay "under the radar" because of the difficulty of having a family on the street and around the general homeless population. • Homeless youth, who tend to keep themselves less visible than homeless adults. • Persons living in overcrowded shared residences or rental units above safe occupancy levels. • Undocumented inunigrants. • Homeless people who sleep ui unfit structures out of public view. Census Undercount The homeless census methodology was conservative, and therefore most likely resulted in an undercount of homeless without U.S. citizenship, some of the working homeless, families, and street youth. While this HUD approved visual homeless enumeration is academically sound, it may have some inherent biases and shortcomings. Even with the assistance of dedicated homeless service providers and currently or previously homeless census enumerators, the methodology cannot guarantee 100% accuracy. Many factors may have contributed to missed opportunities, for example: • The unseasonably cold and rainy weather on enumeration days. • For the employed homeless, there is frequently apre-dawn movement to get to jobs. These individuals may not have been identified as being homeless. • Homeless individuals often occupy abandoned buildings and other structures unfit for human habitation. The resources for the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey project could not cover an inspection of all such structures. ~' • Homeless youth tend to "couch surf ' from one location to another, making their identification difficult. j 31 1 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey _ Census Methodolo y ~`'~ • Likewise, homeless families with children will more likely seek opportunities to "double-up" and _,~ :'~ "triple-up" in housing with family or friends, rather than sleep on the street, in vehicles, or ~ makeshift shelters, thus making their identification difficult. • It can be difficult to identify homeless persons who may be sleeping in vans, cars, or recreational vehicles. Based on the reasons listed above, this conservative approach was necessary to preserve the integrity of the data collected. Although the census was most likely an undercount of the homeless population, the methodology .employed, coupled with the homeless survey data, was the most comprehensive approach available. } '` 32 __.~ :~ ,~ I 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Methodology Annual Estimation A point-in-time estimate of homelessness does not reflect the number of persons who experience homelessness throughout the year. With data from the census and survey, an estimate of the number of persons experiencing homelessness can be made. Using the data from the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey, ASR used the annualization formula detailed by the Corporation for Supportive Housing9 to calculate an annual estimate of the number of homeless people in San Bernardino County over the course of a year. The calculations used to project an annual estimate of homelessness are based on two very basic assumptions: 1. The information gathered in the homeless survey is indicative of responses that would have ~ been given at any other time during the year and is reasonably representative of the general diversity of the study area's homeless population. J 2. The point-in-time census count is reasonably indicative of a count that would have been obtained at any other time during the year. ) Service providers have supported these assumptions by indicating that the demand for services has stayed ~~ relatively consistent over time. Additionally, the gross number of homeless accessing services apparently does not fluctuate to a great degree, although the proportion of sheltered versus unsheltered homeless does vary with the seasons. Estimates of the number of people who experience homelessness in a given year are important for planning purposes and for federal HUD reporting requirements. Because many homeless experiences are relatively short-term (less than a year), it is important to account for this phenomenon when determining the annual demand for homeless services. Given the size of the survey sample (697) the statistical reliability of the projections, the undercount inherent in any homeless census, as well as the use of aHUD-approved annual estimate calculation, CAPSBC and Applied Survey Research has determined that this methodology was the most complete and accurate of all available approaches. Three factors were used to determine the annual estimate: A =The point-in-time count of currently homeless people (found in the street and shelter count). B =The number of currently homeless people who became homeless within the last 7 days; and v Burt, Martha and Wilkins, Carol. Estimating the Need: Projecting from Point-in-Time to Annual Estimates of the Number of Nameless Peoyle in a Cornmunity and Using this Information to Plan for Permanent Supportive Housing. Corporation for Supportive Housing. March 2005. 33 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Census Methodology C =The proportion of currently homeless people who have experienced a previous homeless episode within the past 12 months. The equation for calculating the annual estimate: A + [(B*51)*(1-C)] =Annual estimate For San Bernardino: 7,331 +[(315.233*51)*(1 - 0.364296)] = 17,551.14 ~ 17,551 people This annual estimate represents 0.9% of the study area's general population, and is consistent with other research findings. The Califomia Research Bureau estimates that approximately 361,000 people are homeless in California at any one time (approximately 1% of the general population), and estimates the number of people who experience homelessness over the course of a year to be between one and two million people, or between 3% and 5% of California's general population.10 According to a 2002 study done by the National Coalition for the Homeless, approximately 3.5 million people, or about 1% of the U.S. general population, experience homelessness in a given year. Figure 23: Homeless Point-In-Time and Countywide Annual Estimation 20,000 15, 000 10, 000 5,000 0 ,~ ~~, io Foster, Lisa K. and Snowdon, Patricia. Addressing Long-Term Homelessness: Permanent Supportive Housing. California Research Bureau. August 2003. ~~ ~~~ `,1 U a' 34 a;~ .. Point-In-Time Count Annual Estimation .~ . ~1 ~} 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Homeless Survey Findings The following section provides an overview of the findings generated from the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey. The survey results are used to define the qualitative characteristics of the overall population. Approximately 697 surveys were administered from early March to mid-April. Missing values have been intentionally omitted from the survey results, and all survey results display valid percentages only. Therefore, the total number of respondents for each question will not necessarily equal the total number of surveys. A copy of the survey instrument, as well as a complete list of survey questions and responses, can be found in the Appendices. Demographics In order to measure the diversity of homeless residents in San Bernardino County, respondents were asked to answer several demographic questions pertaining to their age, gender, ethnicity, and military service. Age Approximately 31 %of survey respondents were between 41 and 50 years of age, with the second largest age segment being 31-40 years of age (27%). Approximately 19% were between 22 and 30 years old, and 14% were between the ages of 51 and 60. Figure 24: Age of Respondents 50% 0 0 0 31.3% 30% 27.1 18.9% 20% 13.8% 10% 0.7% 3.6% 4.5% 0% 13-17 years 18-21 years 22-30 years 31-40 years 41-50 years 51-60 years Over 60 years N=689 Gender Among survey respondents, there were more males than females, with males accounting for nearly 63% of the total. The distribution of gender in the study areas is shown in the following figure, along with the results from the 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census. 35 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 25: Gender of Respondents 8t)% so°i° 40% 20% 0% ^2007 San Bernardino Homeless Survey X2007 San Bernardino Homeless Census Numbers for San Bernardino Homeless Survey: Male = 435, Female = 247. Numbers for San Bernardino (Street and Shelter Count) Census Results: Male = 2,292, Female = 979. Ethnicity Demographically, the survey population is diverse. The largest percentage of homeless survey respondents were Caucasian (45%), while 22% were Hispanic/Latino, 24% were African American, 2% were American Indian or Alaskan Native, 2% were Asian or Pacific Islander, and 5% identified with other or multiple racial or ethnic groups. According to the State of California Department of Finance population estimates, Caucasians comprise 27% of the total population of San Bernardino County, and Hispanic/Latinos comprise 53% of the total population. African Americans comprise 11% of the population, while Asian/Pacific Islanders comprise 7% of the County's population. Therefore, African Americans (24%) and Caucasians (45%) were significantly over-represented, and Hispanic/Latinos (22%) were significantly under-represented as compared to the general population of San Bernardino County. Asian/Pacific Islanders (2%) were also under-represented in comparison. Figure 26: Race or Ethnicity of Respondents so°i° 44.7% 40% 26.7% 20% 0% ' Caucasian 52.8% 24.4% 10.6% o ° 2.0% 0.7% 2.0°/q~ 5.1 /01.8% African American HispaniclLatino American Asian/Pacific IndianlAlaskan Islander ^ 2007 San Bernardino Homeless Survey (N=692) ©2007 San Bernardino General Population (N = 2,016,466) San Bernardino County General Population data source: State of California, Department of Finance, Race/Ethnic Population with Age and Sex Detail, 2000-2050. Other/Multi-ethnic 36 x.: ~K -`~ r°_~1 -- }, ~: `_•~ '::~ <-~~ z. -j Male Female -j •1 .~ :.) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Family Status Many respondents (44%) indicated they were living alone at the time of the survey. However, 5% were living with their child or children, 9% were living with their spouse or partner, and an additional 1 were living with their spouse or partner and child or children. Twenty-percent (20%) of respondents indicated they were living with a family member (other than a spouse or children) or a friend, and 19% of respondents indicated that they are living with "other" people. For this survey, the term "other" refers to people who are not friends or family members of the respondent. This was a large percentage of responses, and in part reflects the challenges ofself-defining social relationships in a homeless context. Figure 27: Who Respondents Live With 100% 75% 50% 44% 25°1° 0% Alone 5% 9% 20% Childlchildren Spouselpartner Family member/friend N=680 .) Children 19% Other In 2007, nearly 23% of the respondents indicated having children living with them or not. In 2003, nearly 209 survey respondents indicated having 464 children under age 18 living with them. In 2007, 81 survey respondents indicated having 188 children under age 18 living with them. The following charts are a breakdown of children reported by age group. Among respondents who indicated that they were currently living with children between the ages of 0 and 5, 53 respondents reported having 83 children. Figure 28: Number of Reported Children Age 0-5 1 31 31 2 19 38 3 1 3 5 1 5 6 or more 1 6 Totals 53 83 Total children reported vas calculated by multiplying the number of respondents by the number of children they reported (e.g. 17 respondents x 2 children each = 34 children). 37 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Among respondents who indicated that they were currently living with children between the ages of 6 and 12, 43 respondents reported having 79 children. Figure 29: Number of Reported Children Age 6-12 1 23 23 2 12 24 3 4 12 4 2 8 6 or more 2 12 Totals 43 79 Among respondents who indicated that they were currently living with children between the ages of 13 and 17, 19 respondents reported having 26 children. Figure 30: Number of Reported Children Age 13-17 1 15 15 2 1 2 3 3 9 Totals 19 26 Foster Care Respondents were asked if they had any children in foster care. Of those with respondents with children, 29% had children in foster care. Thirty-nine respondents reported having 88 children in the foster care system. Figure 31: Number of Reported Children in Foster Care 1 ~, ~- 12 •.. •~ 12 2 15 30 3 6 18 4 3 12 5 2 10 6 or more 1 6 Totals 39 gg 38 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Child Education When respondents with children were asked if their children were in school (if the children were between the ages of 6 and 17), 80% indicated their children were in school. Nearly 20% stated their children were not attending school. Figure 32: If Respondents' Children Are Old Enough, Are They In School? 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% N=45 Military Service In 2007, nearly 83% of the survey respondents had never served in any type of military unit. Nearly 14% indicated that they had served in the regular military (Army, Navy, Marines, or Air Force), 2% had served in the National Guard, and an additional 1% had been enlisted in the Military Reserve. These results are similar to the 2003 survey, when nearly 85% of the respondents indicated they had never served in any type of military unit. Figure 33: loo°i° 75% 50% 25% 0% Veteran Status 2003 and 2007 ^ 2003 (N = 1,701) ®2007 (N = 683) 39 Yes No Non-veteran Veteran 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Figure 34: Discharge Status in 2007 100% 75% 63.5% 50% 25% 17.4% 0 7.8 ° 5.2% 3.5% 0% Honorable General Other than Dishonorable Other honorable N=115 Survey 2.6% Don't know Educational Attainment Nearly 35% of the respondents had a high school diploma in 2007, compared to 33% in 2003. Almost 17% of the respondents had some college experience in 2007, an increase from 7% in 2003. Figure 35: Educational Attainment 2003 and 2007 75% 50% 41.6% 34.5% 33.1%35.2% 25% 16.7% 11.3% 4.4%4.7% 6.9° 5.1 % 1.9%1.9% 0.8% 1.9% 0% m o ~c o m p w ~ v_ a; ' o c ~~ ~ ~ o ~~ - O i c R C v an d L > d o g 'y i ~ s . ~ s ~ d ' L ~ N ~ ~ ' W ~ w ~ tp N Q_7 G J O~ a 1= ~ d C ~ ~~ J L m ~ Q ^ 2003 (N =1,700) ©2007 (N = 684) 40 ,' .~ '~j ~} ': _;~ <_ . ^~ ;j :-.~ ~~ '.~ i l,i '.,-: j ... J 1 7° '. ~_~ ~; ~~ ~~ :~ ~ J l _,,~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Foster Care In 2007, 13% of respondents indicated they had been in foster care within their lifetime. This is slightly higher than 2003, when almost 12% of respondents indicated being in foster care within their lifetime. Figure 36: Respondent in Foster Care ~ oo°i° 75% 50% 25% 0% ^2003 (N = 1,685) San Bernardino County Residency ©2007 (N = 680) Approximately 72% of survey respondents indicated they had been living in San Bernardino County at the time they became homeless. Eleven percent (11%) had been living in Los Angeles County, while 6% had been living in Riverside County at the time they became homeless. Five percent (5%) had been living in another county in California, and almost 7% were living in another state when they became homeless. This response indicates that the majority of homelessness originates in San Bernardino County, but 28% of the homeless in the County are from outside its borders. Figure 37: Where Respondents Were Most Recently Living at the Time They Became Homeless San Bernardino !' -- ^San Bernardino County ^ Los Angeles County ^ Riverside County OOther County in CA ^ Out of State Los Angeles County 10.6% N=695 41 In Foster Care Not in Foster Care 6.6% Other County in CA 6.3% 4.5% 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Characteristics of Homelessness Survey Findings Characteristics of homelessness vary greatly among respondents. While many respondents were experiencing homelessness for the first time, or had been homeless for just a few months, others had been homeless repeatedly or for extended periods of time. Characteristics such as usual nighttime sleeping arrangements, the use of government assistance or treatment programs, and causes for homelessness differed from respondent to respondent. Length of Homelessness Over 18% of respondents had been homeless for one to two years, while less than 18% had been homeless for more than three years. Over 15% of survey respondents had been homeless for four to six months, while less than 15% had been homeless for one to three months. Nationally, 31 % of the homeless population has been homeless for two years or longer.~~ Over half (55%) of San Bernardino homeless had been so for less tha^ one year. Figure 38: 40% 30% 20% 10% 0°/a How Long Respondents Have Been Homeless Since They Last Lived in a Permanent Housing Situation 10.5% 14.7% 15.3% 14.9% 18.4% 17.9% 8.4% 1.2 years 2-3 years More than 3 years Less than 1 1-3 months 4-6 months 7-11 months month N = 680 Recurrence of Homelessness When asked how many times they had been homeless in the past 12 months, approximately 64% of respondents indicated that they been homeless only once (their current period of homelessness). Some respondents indicated that this was their second (11 %) or third (7%) episode of homelessness in the past twelve months, and an additional 12% had been homeless six or more times in the past year. ~~ The Urban Institute, Homelessness: Programs and the People They Serve, Findings of the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients: Surmm~ry Report, Department of Housing and Urban Development, December 1999. 42 ~. 'F_~ -~ -~~ ~:a ,, ~._ . , ~~~ ~~ ~' 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 39: In the Last 12 Months, Number of Times Respondents Have Been Homeless, Including This Episode of Homelessness 8o°i° 63.6% 60% 40% 0 0° ° 11.0 /° 7.0% 3.2% 3.2% 1.1i% 10.4% 0% 1 time 2 times 3 times 4 times 5 times 6 times More than 6 times N=689 Figure 40: In the Last 3 Years, Number of Times Respondents Have Been Homeless, Including This Episode of Homelessness so°i° 50.3% 40% 20% 12.6% 15.8% 9.4% 5.3% 4.3% 2.3% 0% 1 time 2 times 3 times 4 times 5 times 6 times More than 6 times N=692 43 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Usual Nighttime Accommodations Survey Homeless respondents were living in a wide variety of locations. Most commonly, respondents were living outdoors (26%). Nearly 8% of respondents were staying in a place not normally used for sleeping, in a transitional shelter, or an "other" location that was not listed as a survey response. Nearly 7% were sleeping in an abandoned building, a hotel or motel, or staying in an emergency shelter. Some respondents were sleeping in another shelter (6%) or an automobile (5%). Figure 41: Where Respondents Are Currently Most Often Living At Night ~. Outdoorslstreetslparks A place not normally used for sleeping 26.3% 8.4% Transitional housing 8.3% Other 8.3% Abandoned building 7.3% Motel/hotel 7.3% Emergency shelter 7.1 Other shelter 6.2% Automobile 4.8% Camper 3.8% Unconverted garage/attic/basement 3.5% Encampment 2.8% Backyard or storage structure 2.8% Van 1.9% Public facilities 1.5% N = 689 Disabling Conditions Mental Health It is commonly believed that many homeless residents experience poor mental health or depression. Approximately 26% of survey respondents reported experiencing mental illness at the time of the survey. Additionally, 42% of respondents indicated they were suffering from depression. 44 .<.:~ ;' _` .~ •._~ ~<, ~. t 'j '•~ 207 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Figure 42: Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Mental Illness or Depression so°i° 40% 20% 0% Survey Findings Mental Illness Depression N=670 N=678 Of those respondents who indicated they were experiencing mental illness, 33% reported receiving mental health services at the time of the survey. Figure 43: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Using Mental Health Services if Experiencing Mental Illness 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Figure 44: 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 84.1 12.5% Experiencing PTSD 3.5% Not experiencing PTSD N=666 Declined to State 45 Receiving Mental Health Services Jot Receiving Mental Health Services N=172 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Physical Disability Approximately 27% of the respondents were currently experiencing a physical disability. Figure 45: Are Respondents Currently Experiencing a Physical Disability? 1oa°i° 75% 50% 25% 0% 70.3% 26.3% Experiencing Physical Disability Not experiencing physical disability N=678 3.4% Survey Findings Declined to state HIV and AIDS Homeless survey respondents were asked if they were experiencing HIV, AIDS, or any related illnesses. About 3% of the survey population stated they were experiencing HIV or AIDS or related illnesses. Figure 46: Are Respondents Currently Experiencing HIV 1 AIDS or Related Illnesses? 100% - 91.9% 75% 50% 25% 0% 3.0% Experiencing HIVlAIDS Not experiencing HIV/AIDS N=664 5.1 Declined to state 46 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Chronic Health Conditions Approximately 18% of homeless survey respondents indicated they were experiencing chronic health conditions at the time of the survey. Figure 47: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Experiencing Chronic Health Conditions 100% 78.9% 75% 50% 25% 17.8% 3.3% 0% Experiencing chronic health Not experiencing chronic Declined to state problems health problems N=673 1 Developmental Disability A developmental disability is a chronic condition that significantly limits a person's ability to speak, hear, walk, learn or perform fundamental tasks. Nearly 11% of respondents report having aself-defined developmental disability. Figure 48 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% Are Respondents Currently Experiencing a Developmental Disability? 11.3% Experiencing developmental disability 84.0% 4.6% Not experiencing developmental disability N=670 Declined to state 47 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and The Chronically Homeless Survey Findings The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development defines chronic homelessness as: An unaccompanied individual with a disabling condition who has been: a. Continually homeless for• one year or more; or b. Has experienced four or more episodes of homelessness within the past 3 years. For the purposes of this study, a "disabling condition" can be defined as a physical or mental disability (such as mental illness or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder), alcohol or drug addiction, HIV/AIDS, chronic health conditions or a developmental disability. Of the 697 homeless persons interviewed, approximately 38% (267 respondents) can be considered chronically homeless using the above criteria. The chronically homeless survey results were then used to project approximately how many people experience chronic homelessness in San Bernardino County at a given point in time. It is estimated that on any given night, San Bernardino County has a chronically homeless population of approximately 2,386. This figure is higher than the latest statistics from HUD's Annual Homeless Report to Congress12, which states that nearly 23% of all homeless people are chronically homeless. Figure 49: Percentage of Respondents who are Chronically Homeless so°i° so°i° 40% 20°/a 0% N=697 iz U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Community Planning and Development. The Annuaf Homeless Assessment Report to Congress, February 2007. 48 Chronically Homeless Not chronically homeless 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 50: Chronically Homeless Population by Gender 8a°i° so°i° 40% 20% 0% Men Women Transgender N=265 Figure 51: Chronically Homeless Population by Ethnicity 80% s0% 44.5% 40% 25.6% 21.8% 20% 1.5% 2.7% 3.0% 0% Caucasian African Hispanic/Latino American Asian/Pacific Other/Multi- American Indian/Alaskan Islander ethnic Native N=266 Figure 52: Number of Co-occurring Disabling Conditions Among Chronically Homeless 80% 60% 40% 22.5% 25.5% _ 17.s% 13.5 /o ° 20% ° 10.1 /o 6.0% 4.8% 0% 1 disability 2 disabilities 3 disabilities 4 disabilities 5 disabilities 6 disabilities 7 or more disabilities N=267 Note: Disabilities include physical or mental disabilities, depression, alcohol use, drug use, and chronic health conditions. 49 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 53: Services !Assistance Used by the Chronically Homeless (Top 5 Responses) 60% 48.3% 0 40 0 29.3% 0 24.3 0 21.3% 18 6% 20% . 0% Free Meals Food pantry Not using Emergency Shelter day services shelter services N=263 Reasons for Homelessness In addition to understanding the characteristics of the homeless population, it is important to understand the causes of homelessness. This is an important distinction because of the obvious interrelationships of many of these issues. Homeless survey respondents self-reported a number of reasons for their condition. It should be noted again that these are self-defined reasons and do not necessarily reflect the order of the events leading to their homelessness. Primary Causes Survey respondents were asked to determine what they thought was the primary event or condition that led to their homelessness. The most cited reasons, provided by over 24% of respondents, was the loss of their job or alcohol or drug use. Some respondents indicated that their homelessness was due to a friend or family member asking them to leave (9%), incarceration (6%), or another reason not listed as a response on the survey (9%). Figure 54: Primary Reasons for Homelessness • ~. Lostjob' i~ 28.4% ~i 23.7°io High cost of housinglrent2 17.5% -- Alcohol or drug use 17.1 % 23.5% Argument/family orfriend asked you to leave3 2.8% 9 9% Incarceration 7.1 % 5.8% Familyldomestic violence4 2.3% 4.4% Landlord sold/stopped renting or reused property5 -- 4.1 Mental health issues 1.7% 3.9% 50 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Housing evictionz 3.5% -- Disabilityz 3.3% -- Don't knowldeclinetl to states 0.3% 3.2% Landlord raised rents -- 3.0% Illness or medical problems 1.4% 2.5% Divorced or separated 4.9% 2.0% Lost of parent/deathz 1.3% - No transportation/cart 0.5% - Runawaylleft homez 0.4% -- Gambling problems -- 1.6% Hospitalizationltreatmentyrograms -- 0.6% For being Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual -- 0.6% Hurricane Katrinas -- 0.4% Got too old for foster care 0.4% 0.4% Other natural disaster/firelfloods - 0.4% Other 7.0% 9.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% N=1,375 N=689 'This response was re-worded from "Unemployment" to "Lost job" in 2007. ZThis response was omitted from the 2007 survey. 3This response was re-worded from "Conflict with Family" to "Argument -friend or family asked you to leave" in 2007. °Response option was re-worded in 2007 from "Family Violence" to "Family /Domestic Violence." SNew response option added in 2007. 6This response was re-worded from "Health/Medical Costs" to "Illness or medical problem" in 2007. Obstacles to Securing Permanent Housing Besides understanding why a person became homeless, we also want to understand what the difficulties are to re-securing permanent housing. When respondents were asked what factor or factors they thought were preventing them from securing permanent housing, 53% cited unemployment or no income as a major obstacle to securing housing, and 48% said they couldn't afford rent. No money for moving costs and lack of transportation were also cited as preventing respondents from securing permanent housing. As indicated by the responses, the absence of financial resources is the biggest obstacle to securing permanent housing for the respondents in this survey. 51 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Figure 55: Circumstances That Are Preventing Respondents From Living In Permanent Housing (Top 5 Responses) 8o°i° so°i° 40% 20% 0% Multiple response question with 694 respondents offering 1,555 responses. Section 8 Housing Nearly twelve percent (12%) of respondents were on the Section 8 Housing waiting list. Over half (52%) of those respondents had been on the waiting list for one month, while 16% had been on the list from two months to one year. Nearly 11% had been on the waiting list for 49 months or more (approximately 4 years). Figure 56: Number of Months on Section 8 Housing Waiting List 8o°i° 60% 51.6% 40% ° 15.6% 20 /0 7.8% 9.4% 4.7% 10.9% 0% 1 month 1-12 months 13-24 months 25-36 months 36-48 months 49 months or more N=64 Employment Status Loss of employment or unemployment was cited as the most common cause of homelessness, contributing to the homelessness over half (53%) of respondents. Therefore, it is not surprising that reported levels of employment among respondents were low. An overwhelming majority of respondents (88%) indicated that they were not currently employed at the time of the survey. Approximately 12% were employed either full-time or part-time. 52 ~.~ ~~ ~°^~ ~:~~ _,~ :~ `~ ~~ k- _`' ~ Unemployment/no Can't afford rent No money for No transportation Bad credit income moving costs 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 57: Employment Status of Respondents in 2003 and 2007 100% 87.6°i~ 80% 69.0% %. 60% 40% 20% 8.0% 8.7% 4.0% 3.8% 0°/a Unemployed Employed part-time Employed full-time ^ 2003 (N=1,678) ®2007 (N=692) 'In 2003, an additional 4% of respondents indicated they were self-employed, while 11 % indicated they were disabled. Nearly 4% identified their employment status as "other." Causes of Unemployment Of those unemployed, the two leading causes of unemployment were lack of permanent address (34%), and a lack of transportation (32%). Many respondents cited not having a phone (29%), or an alcohol or drug issue (24%) as a reason for unemployment. Figure 58: Reasons For Not Being Employed (Top 5 Responses) so°i° so°~° 40% ° ° 3 .1 ° ° 29 3% 20% ® . 24.3°1° 23.5% ~ ~ 0% No permanent No No phone Alcoholldrug Need clothing address transportation issue Multiple response question with 605 respondents offering 1,898 responses. 53 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Accessing of Government Assistance and Homeless Programs Government assistance and homeless programs work to enable the homeless community to obtain income and services, which helps them to start living independently. Many homeless people do not apply for these programs, or do not feel they qualify for aid. Government Assistance Survey respondents were asked if they were receiving any type of government assistance at the time of the survey. Government programs include Food Stamps, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), General Relief, Medi-Cal, Veteran's benefits, and Cash Aid (TANF and Ca1WORKS). In San Bernardino County, 25% of respondents receiving aid reported receiving Food Stamps, while 9% were receiving Medi-CaUMedi-Care. Approximately 9% receive SSI/SSDI, while 6% were receiving General Assistance. Approximately 54% of all respondents stated they are not receiving any type of government assistance. Figure 59: Percentage of Respondents Who Are Currently Receiving Any Form of Government Assistance (Top 5 Responses) 80% l ss.5% 40% 24.5% ° 20% 18.1 / 12.2% 9.2% 10.5% ° 8.8 /° 5.4% 5.5% 0% Not receiving any Food Stamps MediCallMediCare SSI General Relief services ^ 2003 ©2007 2003 Numbers: Multiple response question with 1,662 respondents offering 1,994 responses. 2007 Numbers: Multiple response question with 693 respondents offering 884 responses. Reasons for Not Receiving Government Assistance Access to government assistance is an important research area for homeless service providers. When respondents who were not receiving any type of government assistance were asked why they were not receiving aid, 25% responded they do not think they are eligible for any assistance. Many respondents cited the lack of a permanent address (24%) and a lack of identification (21%) as reasons for not receiving government aid. Approximately 18% of respondents not receiving government aid indicated they never applied for any type of program. It is important to remember that those not staying in shelters are probably less informed about the availability and eligibility requirements of social services, because many sheltered homeless receive information about assistance programs from their service providers. 54 `7 '~: 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings ~) Figure 60: Reasons Respondents Provided For Not Receiving Any Government Assistance (Top 5 Responses) 50% 40% 0 ° 28.6 °24.5% 25.7% 22.9°/ 30/0 23.9°~0 °20.7°,~~ 20.7%17.9% 15.6% 20% 13.0% 10% 0% Don't think No permanent Have no Never applied No eligible address identification transportation ^ 2003 ~ 2007 2003 Numbers: Multiple response question with 1,221 respondents offering 2,089 responses. 2007 Numbers: Multiple response question with 368 respondents offering 663 responses. Homeless Services and Programs Homeless survey respondents were asked if they were receiving or participating in any types of homeless services or programs. Such services include free meals, emergency shelters, bus passes, job training, day shelter services, legal assistance, and alcohol and drug counseling. Approximately 42% of respondents indicated they receive free meals, while 25% use the food pantry. Almost 19% indicated using an emergency shelter, while 25% did not use any services. Figure 61 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Services or Assistance Respondents Report Using (Top 5 Responses) Multiple response question with 690 respondents offering 1,419 responses. 55 Free meals Food pantry Not using any Emergency Bus passes services shelter 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings 211 Help Line Nearly 1 S% of respondents were aware of the San Bernardino County 211 toll-free telephone help line. Of those respondents, nearly oue-third (33%) had ever used the 211 help line. Figure 62: Awareness of San Bernardino County 211 Help Line 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% N=690 Figure 63: Have You Ever Used the Help Line? 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% N=120 56 ~. ?.` =- f .- `-~ -~ .~ 1 ''~ '- i ~~ Aware of Help Line Not Aware of Help Line Yes No 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Sources of Income While some respondents were able to earn income from employment, many respondents were receiving income from sources such as public assistance, disability benefits, or panhandling. Income from Government Sources Over half of the respondents (57%) indicated that they are receiving no money from government sources. Nearly 20% of respondents received between $1 and $300 per month from government sources, while 8% received between $301 and $600 per month. Nearly 2% received over $1,000 from government sources. Figure 64: Total (Gross) Monthly Income From All Government Benefits so°i° 56.8% 60% 40% 19.5% ° 20% 8.4% 13.1 /° 2.2% 0% Zero $1 - $300 $301 - $600 $601 - $1,000 Over $1,000 N=673 Income from Private Sources Respondents were asked how much money they had received in the past month from all sources other than government assistance. Almost 46% of respondents received between $1 and $300 per month from other sources, while 15% received between $301 and $600 per month. Nearly 3% received over $1,000 from all other sources. Figure 65: Total Gross Monthly Income From All Other Sources 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% d5 R% N=673 57 Zero $1 - $300 $301 - $600 $601 - $1,000 Over $1,000 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Other Sources of Income Approximately 44% of the respondents received income from recycling, while 28% received money from panhandling or asking for money. Twenty-six percent (26%) received income from family or friends, while 14% received income from selling other found items. Figure 66: Other Sources of Income (Top 5 Responses) 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Multiple response question with 621 respondents offering 1,027 responses. ~_ ,~ ~~ ,_~ ~~ 58 " `3 ,'~ Recycling Panhandling Family/friends Selling other Selling found items bloodlplasma 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings j Alcohol and Drug Abuse Substance use (alcohol or drugs) was the second-most cited cause of homelessness among the homeless survey population in San Bernardino County. Furthermore, many of the homeless respondents said they were experiencing alcohol or drug use at the time the survey was administered. Alcohol Abuse Approximately 34% of homeless respondents indicated they were experiencing alcohol abuse at the time of the survey. Nationally, 62% of the homeless population has experienced alcohol problems during their lifetime.13 Figure 67: Percentage of Respondents Who Indicated They Were Currently Experiencing Alcohol Abuse so°i° so°i° 40% 20% 0% Drug Abuse N=669 Approximately 35% of survey respondents stated they were experiencing drug abuse at the time of the survey. In the national survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in 1999, 58% of the homeless population had drug problems during their lifetime. Figure 68: Percentage of Respondents Who Indicated They Were Currently Experiencing Drug Abuse 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% N=669 is The Urban Institute, Homelessness: Progrnms and the People They Serve, Findings of the National Sun~ey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients: Summary Report, Department of Housing and Urban Development, December 1999. ~} s9 Experiencing alcohol abuse Not experiencing alcohol Declined to state abuse Experiencing drug abuse Not experiencing drug Declined to state abuse 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survev Findi Recovery Approximately 45% of survey respondents indicated they were currently experiencing substance abuse (either drug or alcohol or both). Of those respondents, 20% are currently receiving substance abuse counseling. Figure 69: Percentage of Respondents Who Were Experiencing Substance Abuse and Are Currently Receiving Substance Abuse Counseling 60% 40% 20% 0% N=697 Domestic Violence N=314 Homeless survey respondents were asked if they were experiencing domestic violence. At the time of the survey, nearly 10% of respondents indicated experiencing domestic violence. Nearly 14% of female respondents stated they were experiencing domestic violence, while 6% of males indicated experiencing domestic violence. Figure 70: Respondents Currently Experiencing DomesticlPartnerViolence orAbuse (By Gender) 40% 30% 20% 14.3% 9.6% 10% 6.1 0% Men Women Total N=411 N=237 N=655 Note: This graph does not include 4 transgender individuals that indicated experiencing domestic/partner violence, representing 57% of the transgendered population. 60 ~_ ,~ '`.1 :.~- ,,`,l .~ ~~ ~~--A ~~ '~ Experiencing substance abuse Receiving substance abuse counseling ?J 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Medical Care and Health Conditions Access to health care is vital to general well-being. While many San Bernardino County residents struggle with the high costs of health care, homeless residents are particularly vulnerable to many unique challenges regarding their physical and mental health. Access to Medical Care Approximately 34% of homeless respondents stated that since they becatne homeless they have needed health care but have been unable to receive it. In a given year, 24% of the national homeless population needed to see a doctor or nurse but were unable to do so.14 Figure 71: Percentage of Respondents Who Have Needed Health Care and Been Unable to Receive It Since Becoming Homeless 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 'In 2003, this response option was worded as "Has there been a time in the last 12 months that you or your children needed, health care, dental care, or medications and did not receive it?" Respondents were asked where they usually go when they need medical attention. Respondents most commonly reported going to the hospital emergency room (48%), the free/community clinic (9%), or the Veterans Affairs Clinic (6%). Approximately 19% of the survey sample indicated that they did not go anywhere to receive medical help. } 14 The Urban Institute, Homelessness: Programs and the People They Serve, Findings of the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients: Summary Report, Department of Housing and Urban Development, December 1999. :t ~ 61 2003 (N = 1,608) 2007 (N = 673) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Findings Figure 72: Where Respondents Usually Get Medical Care (Top 5 Responses) 60% 47.9% 40% 18.6% ° 0 0 ° 8.7 /° 5.5% 5.0% 0% Hospital Don't ever go Free/community VA clinic Private doctor emergency clinic room N=677 Visits to the Emergency Room When respondents were asked how many times in the past year they had visited the Emergency Room (ER) for any type of treatment, 49% stated they had not visited the ER within the past year. However, nearly 6% of respondents had received ER treatment five or more times in the past year. The utilization of the ER for non-emergency treatment reduces ER resources, and hinders treatment of critically injured patients. It should be noted, however, that the use of the ER for non-emergency treatment is not a problem solely limited to the homeless community, and was not specifically addressed in this survey. Figure 73: Number of Times in the Past Year Respondents Have Used the Emergency Room For Any Treatment 60% 1 48.6% 40% 0 20% 16.9 0 13.6% 9.7% 5.4% 5.9% 0% Never 1 time 2 times 3 times 4 times 5 or more times N=663 62 .~ k ~u ,...-~ -, :;. ~•: s ~::.- `~# .f ~_~} , 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Methodology i ) Survey Methodology Planning and Implementation A survey of homeless persons was conducted in order to yield qualitative data about the homeless community, which will be used to apply for McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act federal funding. Additionally, the qualitative data are important for homeless program development and planning. The survey elicited information such as gender, family status, military service, length and recurrence of homelessness, usual nighttime accommodations, causes of homelessness, and access to services through closed-ended and multiple response questions. The survey questions bring greater perspective to current issues of homelessness, and the provision and delivery of services both current and in the future. The survey also provides a benchmark with which to track changes in the living and economic conditions of the County's homeless population for future homeless studies. Homeless workers referred by local service providers were trained by Applied Survey Research to conduct the surveys. Training sessions led potential interviewers through a detailed and lengthy orientation that included project background information, and detailed instruction on respondent eligibility, interviewing protocol, prompting for detailed response, and confidentiality. Because of confidentiality and privacy issues, service providers typically conducted surveys administered in shelters. No self-administered surveys were accepted for methodological reasons. Homeless workers were compensated at a rate of $5.00 per each completed survey. It was determined that survey data would be more easily collected if an incentive gift was offered to survey respondents in appreciation for their time and participation. A $5 pre-paid phone card was selected as an incentive to participate in the survey. These cards, which were easy to obtain and distribute, were thought to have wide appeal, and could be provided within the project budget. Survey Sampling Developing a truly random sample of homeless survey respondents is challenging. An important consideration is that there is not enough information about the target population to develop a sampling strategy that effectively represents the target demographics and subpopulations' diversity. Applied Survey Research considered a randomized "every third or fourth encounter" survey approach, but felt that it would be too challenging to administer with our preferred homeless peer interview methodology. Instead ASR selected a convenience sample approach, augmented by a strategy to increase the sample size significantly. 63 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Methodology Strategic attempts were made to reach individuals of various subset groups such as homeless youth, minority ethnic groups, military veterans, domestic violence victims, and migrant workers. Because random sampling was not employed, the extent to which the survey respondents compare to, or differ from, the homeless population in general is unknown. Trained homeless interviewers administered surveys to the "street" homeless. These workers were used as interviewers because they were familiar with the conditions and problems of homeless persons, and it was hoped that they would therefore be more likely to obtain responses to the survey questions from the homeless respondents. Interviewers were asked to inquire if the homeless person had already taken the survey, and if not, if they were willing to do so, knowing there was a "thank you" gift at the completion of the survey. Workers were also asked to remain unbiased at all times, make no assumptions or prompts, and ask all questions but allow respondents to skip any question they did not feel comfortable answering. Surveys were also administrated in shelters and residential program facilities. Typically, trained program staff conducted those surveys. The same survey was used in both shelter and street environments. Approximately 78% of all valid surveys were completed by unsheltered homeless, and the remaining 22% were completed by the sheltered homeless. Our actual census results of 82% unsheltered homeless and 18% sheltered homeless means that the unsheltered homeless were slightly underrepresented in the survey, while the sheltered homeless were slightly overrepresented in the survey. Data Collection Care was taken by interviewers to ensure that respondents felt comfortable regardless of the street or shelter location. During the interviews, respondents were encouraged to be candid in their responses and were informed that these responses would be framed as general findings, would be kept contidential, and would not be traceable to any one individual. Overall, the interviewers experienced excellent cooperation from respondents. This was likely influenced by the fact that nearly all of the street interviewers had previously been, or are now, fellow members of the homeless community. Another reason for interview cooperation may have been the gift of the pre-paid phone card, which was given to respondents upon the completion of the interview. ~"~ 64 :~ '~ , 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Survey Methodology -:) Data Integrity The survey requested respondents' initials and date of birth, so that duplication could be avoided without compromising the respondents' anonymity. Upon completion of the survey effort, an extensive verification process was conducted to eliminate potential duplicates. This process examined respondents' date of birth, initials, gender, ethnicity, length of homelessness, and consistencies in patterns of responses to other questions on the survey. It was determined that 24 of the surveys were duplicates. Therefore, 1,019 surveys conducted were valid. Survey Challenges and Limitations The 2007 homeless survey is not a scientifically random survey of all homeless experiences. In an effort to survey homeless persons throughout San Bernardino County, surveys were collected in anon-random manner. The nature of the non-random survey collection tends to over-represent the street and sheltered homeless, resulting in under-representation of a potentially large population of homeless persons and families living in unfit or overcrowded housing. Survey results do, however, go further to inform the community about homelessness in the San Bernardino County. Comparisons can be made between the 2003 and 2007 surveys, thus providing interesting longitudinal data. This is due to the fact that some questions from the 2003 survey were again used in the 2007 survey. It is noted when there are minor differences in question and answer phrasing between the two surveys. Therefore, we not only are able to provide an up-to- date profile of San Bemardino's County's current homeless population; we also can look at differences in the homeless population over time. .., In any survey research, there is always an opportunity for misrepresentation or bias. This is noted and " acknowledged by HUD in their homeless street count guidelines15. Since there is no mechanism to ~' separate truth from fiction in survey responses, it is important to make every effort to elicit the most -J truthful responses from interviewees. Using a peer interviewing methodology is believed to allow the respondents to be more candid with their answers, and may help reduce the apprehension of revealing 1 personal information. ~$ U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Community Plan~iing and Development. A Guide to -~ Counting Unsheltered Homeless People Revised. September 2006. ~ 65 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Continuum of Care Application Overall Summary for the Continuum of Care Application The purpose of the following summaries is to provide local jurisdictions with consolidated information to facilitate the completion of the application for Continuum of Care (CoC) funds. The following summaries are based directly upon the results discussed in the body of the report. Please note that the information on the sheltered homeless populations and subpopulations contained in the tables below reflect only those people found in emergency shelters and transitional housing. Under the HUD definition of homelessness, those housed in jails, hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, or who are living "doubled-up" in a house do not qualify as homeless. Homeless Population The following table details the results of the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey. The results are broken down by sheltered versus unsheltered status. Part LHomeless Po elation Sheltered t'~zsltc~ltc~rc~rl Tnral Emergency Transitional :• _ ?' 1. Number of Household with Dependent 152 40 45 237 Children la. Total Number of Persons in Households 490 12l 167 778 with Dependent Children 2. Number of Households without Dependent 3l4 292 5 286 5 892 Children , , 2a. Total Number of Persons in Households 317 292 5 582 6 191 without Dependent Children , , Total (lines 1 a + 2a) 807 413 5,749 6,969 'Number of Households without dependent children is an estimate based on survey results. Homeless subpopulations The following table further breaks down the census data into subpopulations. This data is based on both the homeless census and data from the homeless survey. The results in the below chart are estimates, calculated by applying the survey results to the census population. Part 2: Homeless Sub o ulations Sheltered Unsheltered Total 1. Chronically Homeless 142 2,244 2,386 2. Severely Mentally Ill 393 1,627 2,020 3. Chronic Substance Abuse 233 2,849 3,082 4. Veterans 137 931 1,068 5. Persons with HIV/AIDS 2 213 - 215 6. Victims of Domestic Violence 118 552 670 7. Ilnucrumpanicd Ycnith (iandcr I R wars of arc) 3 i 120 153 "Sheltered" Chronically Homeless subpopulations include persons in emergency shelter only. 66 :7 ':>' ~~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix I• Census Instrument Appendix I: Census Instrument ~} t 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Street Count Street Count Map #: Tally Sheet DeploymentLacation: Team Member 1: Deployment location Phone #: Team Member 2: Team Captain: Tally INDIVIDUALS ONLY in top columns. # of Individual Men __ # of Individual Women # Undetermined Gender # of Individual Youth wider 16 Tally FAMILIES ONLY in lower columns. If more than 8 families, use back of sheet. Family Units _ _ # of Men # of Women Youth under 18 years old Family 1 Family 2 Family 3 Family 4 Famlly 5 Family 6 Family 7 Family 8 When the Number of People are Unknown, __ _ Tally # of VEHICLES AND ENCAMPMENTS ONLY here # of cars with sleeping occupants # Of Vans Or RVs with electrical or water connections # of Encampments with people # of Persons reported by Park Ranger 67 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix II: Survey Instrument Appendix II: Survey Instrument 0683128673 (OMce use) 2007 SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY HOMELESS COUNT SURVEY REFUSALS ~ ~ ~ Ihbrvlew Oate: Interviewer's (Your) Name: Neighborhootl or First Middle 7 What u your birth date? Month Day Year W W W /Ofice use) (OHice wet (ol6ce use) 2. Which racial / eMnic group do you identify with fire most? (Shack only 11 O wnkeKaurasian O American In3arvaaskatk native O Black/Africak Americas O Asian O FlispanrclLatirko O Pacific Islarr6a Q OdkerMluhiethnic J. How do you identify yourself? O Male O Female O Trarrsgender 4. Have you ever served In the Unlbtl States Armed Forces? O Yes (Contlnue with Question dal O No (Sk1P to Question 51 4a. Did you serve In ttlc regular military Or in a National Guard or milftary reserve unit? (shade all that apply) O Regular Military O National Guad O Reserve 4b. What is your tlischarge status? Q Florkor~le O Other than liorrorable O Otlrer p General O Dehorwrable O Dont know 8. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United Stabs Armed Forces? O res O No 6. Qo you live alone without family, partner, or friends? O Yes (Sk to question 71 O No (~sky¢tNt(s0~1 Ba. Do you live with: (Shade all treat acetyl O Spouse or partner O Omer family member(s) O Childlauldren O Fnendls) Q Parent or legal guardian O Otlaer 7. Where do you usually stay at night? (Shade only 11 O Ouldoors/s6eetrJparks O A place n a Ikouse rwt O Unconverted Garagelatticlbasemerv nonnaly used for skegng (kitchen. Irvng room, elf.) O Backyard m storage stnrcwre O Emergency shelter O ~ardoAed bwldrkg O Public (acdities (train station. O Motevhalel bks depot, transit cemer, etc. ) O Autorrkola~ O Trareieonal hwsirg O Van O Odwr stketter O Cartper O other flow many peopFe, vuludirg O Fskarrprtrent yourseK usrra9y stay Mere? flow many pecp'e five them? 8. is this the first time you have been homeless? O Yes (Skip ro Question 9/ O Plc fConUnue with guesdon sat Ba. In the last 73 months how many tlmes have you been homeless, InNUtling this present time? (Shade only 11 O One tinx O 3 times O S rimes O 2 times O 4 times O 6 firrkes O More tlkan 6 tinker Bb. In the last J years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? (Shade only 71 p Ore Ume O 3 rimes O 5 times 0 2 times O 4 times O 6 tunes O Mme than 6 bores L ~~ I Shade Circles Like This-> • (ORi~1A4Bi Not Like This-~ 2~ 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housfng situation? (shade only 11 O 7 days m lea O d months O B moneu O 12 rrkmrdvs O 8 -30 days p 6 months O g trwrst~ O t-2 years 0 2 rrwntlts p 6 mondrs O 10 rrkondks O 2-3 years O 3 comas p 7 menthe O 11 rtrarphs O More than 3 yeas 10. Where were you living at the time you most reeengy became homtlessl (Shade only t) O San Berrkardno Cokrkry (Continue with Question 10a1 O l.os Angeles Courny !Sk(p [o Questlar 1061 O Riverside County !Sk/p to 9rrestlon 7061 O Oeker county ~ Califmrua fSk/P co Queston 1061 Q Out ai State (Skip ro question 706) 0 7 days w leas O d- 6 mon0u O 3- 5 yeas O & 30 days O 7 - 11 rrkonOrs O 6 - 70 years O 1- 3 months O t- 2 years Q More than 70 years 10D. to San O For a job !seeking wok O To xcess VA services ard/m O I was born m grew up here VA clinic Q To xcess homeless services O My lanwy and/or friends ae here O I was (arced out d my Ore's cammunay O I was bavehrg and got stranded O 1 visited and decided to stay O I am put passag through O weather / din,ata O Other 11. bnmetliabiy before you became homeless this last time, wen you: (Shade only tt O living n a Ikarrke owned by O ~ Jail m prison °r a O O kt a hospital Rkmlky home m apartment O kk a mental health faality O S1aNng with Mends srrbstance abuse O O Livng with relatives trea4n progrartk O Living n skbsidized housing O br foster care O Other 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? (Please choose the main reason. Shade only 11 O fiosptalizatiorNreatment program O Lent ~ O Family! dortkesoc violence O Landlord sdd! stopped rentirkg or re-used property O Incarceration O Landlord raised rant O lid too old for foster rare O Foreclosure on borne due to O Divorced or separated unatlordable mortgage paymak>150 Hwrirane Katrina O Alcdwl a dreg use O Oekar natural disasu3rf fuel floe( O Gambikg problem O Fm being Lesbian, Gay. &sexual, Q Isness or medical problem m Trarngerder O Mental heaRh issues O OUtar O ArgvnentRamy m friend askee O Don't Krkowr decline to state you mleave t3. What Is keeping you from getting permanent housing? sh d ll h l l ( e a at app v a t O Gn t a0ord rent O No trxnportation O No job 1 no incanke O Bad credk - O No matey kx mowng costs O Eviction record (senany deposit, firs) O Crimnal record andlm last month reel) O Dont wam b O IVO tkouaeg available O Other 1d. Are you currently using any of the following services/ assistancel lShade all that a oblvl O Emergency shener O Svelter day services O Trarea4ipul housing O Legal asgistance O Frea meals O Fleanh services O Food pantry O Memel hearth services O Bus passes O Oher O Job trairkrtig O Nd krsug any services O acohd / Dreg oxnsekrg 68 :"t~ '~ --~ "_ ~ :" '.~~ '~ ~~ '~ ,_ :; :) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix II: Survey Instrument .f .~ `} 2557128875 (Office use) 15. Are you currently rauiving any of the following forms of govemment assistance? (Shade all loaf apply) O General Relief O SSI (Supplemental Severity Income Q Food Surrys O Cash Aid ICaIYVORKS O Medr-Cal RAedi-Care Q VA Disability Compensation O Veteran's Bertefils O OB~r govemnental assistance O WIC (State disability benefits, workers O Social Seaairy campensatm, vrentploynrad, Mc.j (N vas b any o/ Mesego to 151 O i am not cunently recewing any of 8tese 4sk i5a ___-. _.__ __ 15a. IT you are not receiving any govemment assistance, why not? (Shade all that apply) O Don't think fm eligible O I have applied for area a mom d O Have no ID these services, arxl I am curremly waiting for approval O No pennanerH address O DmY know where to go O No Mansportaton O Turned down O Never ~'~ O Wia apply soon O Benefits were cut ox O Don't need govemment assistance Q Imm~}afion asuas O Paper work too difficutl O I am afraid my chlden veal be taken away from me O 08rer 18. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? (County, State, Federal monies] IShatle only 11 O Zero O 5307 -5400 O 5701 - 58W O f1-5100 O 5401 -5500 O SBOt-5900 O 5101-5200 O f50t-5600 O 5901-51000 O 5201-5300 O 5601-5700 O Overf1000 17. Are you currently employed? (Shade onN 11 O No, tnempbyed (Contlrwe with iTal O Yes. pan tine (Sleep eo auesrfon 18) O Yes, lu8 time (Skin ro aoestlon 181 17a. What is keeping you from gettlng emplOymMt? )Shade all mat aoolvl O Need education O No pemwrem address O Need trairmg O No transportation O Need ebthing O No bas fa trade O No sfxnver fad5lies O No wok pemtn (NO 5.S. 1F) O No phone O No phote identhcatan O Heakh problems O t3on1 want to wok O Disabled O No pbs O Alcdrol Idng issue O Retired O Crinrktal record O Spouse/parber dcesri t want me b wa O No child care O Oilier 18. What aro your other sources of income? (Shade all that abolvl O Farrvty !friends O Selirg other land items O Pension O Seeing blood /plasma O Ch4d support O (~xrrbfvrg O ParJuMkng O Sex wale O Recycling O Other 19. what Is your tool (grass) monthty income from all non-GOVemment sources? (Job, panhandling, recycling, etc. O Zem O 5301 -5400 O 5701 -5800 O St - 5700 O 5401 -5500 O 5801 - 5900 o slot-szoo o s6o1-s6ao o f9o1-stoop O 5201-5300 O 5601-5700 O Over 51000 20. Are you on [he wailing list for Section 8 Housing? O Yes [Continue with question 10a1 O No (Skip to ouestion 211 20a. Now long have you been on the section B wahing Ilst? 21a. Do you have any chtitlren: LShatle ail that aoolvl 1 1 2 3 4 5 6r O 18 a aver livntg with you? How many? 0 0 0 0 0 0 I O b foster care? How mmyr? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- 5 years Irmg vnth yw7 How many? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6- 12 yeas kvrrg walh you? How marry? 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 13 t 7 years Irving with you? How many? 0 0 0 0 0 0 qre your children, aces 6 M 17 and Ifvlna with trou. Irt sehoo!? O Yes O No 22. Since you became homeless this last dine, have you needed medical care antl bean unable to receive it? O Yes O No 27. Where do you usualty pet medical Carr? f5hade only 71 O Fiospdal emergency roan O Private doctor O elegant rare dinic O Frierds 1 family O Pubkc Health c5ruc O DonY ever go O Veterans Axons Cknic O Ottrer O Free rirridcorrarrxrdy dinrc 23a. How many times In the last 12 months have you usetl the emergency room for any treatment? I ' I tlmet l-LJ (Office use) 2e. How many nights. If any, have you spent fn Jall or prison during the Wst 12 months? nlghb (OASce use) 25. Arc you currently on probation or parole? O Yes O No O Deckned m sate 25a- Wen you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? O Yes O ib O Declined b stale 26. An you cumntly experiencing any oT the following: 26a. Physical dlsabllfty O Yes O No O Deckned b state 25b. Mental Illness O Yes O No O Oedned to state 26c. DeprcsSlOn O Yes O No O Declared to state 26tl. Alcohol abuse Q Yes O No O Dedirxd to stale 26e. Drug abus! O Yes O No O Decfated b state 265. Domesticlpartner violence or abuse O Yes O No O Oetckrred to sate 26g. Chronic Manh problems O Yes O ~ O Deckrtad b ware 26h. AIDSIHIY related O Yes O No Q Ded:terf b state illness 26i. Post-traumatlc stress disorder (PTSDI O Yes O No O DecMted to sues 26). Developmental tllsabitity {A chronic condition loaf signlfltantly limits a person's ability to speak, hear, see, walk. learn, a pertorm fundamental tasks) O Yes O No O Deckned b state 27. Wen you veer In foster care? (Before your 78th birthday, were you ever removed horn your home by the state, county, or court antl sent to Ilve with people other than your mother or father?) O Yes O No 28. What is the highest level of etlucatlon you have completed? O less than 6th Grade O qA ~~ I tedtiraal certificate Q Lass than hgh school diploma - Q Hgh sdtod diploma/GED O BA degree or above O Same cdkx)e, no degree O Graduate apmfessiorW degree 29. Are you aware of the Sin 8emardlno County 21 t Toll-free Telephone Help LJne? O Yes (Ask quest/on 29x1 O No )End of aurvevJ 29a. Have you ever usetl the San Bemartlino County 211 Help Line? O Yes O No months years _ ~ I i (Office rue) 21. Do you have any ehfldren, living with you or not? O Yes (~k question 27a1 O No (Sk7p Eo question 22i L 69 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results Appendix III: General Survey Profile Results 1. Age .~ 13-17 years •. 5 .7% 18-21 years 25 3.6% 22-30 years 130 18.9% 31 X30 years 187 27.1 41-50 years .216 31.3% 51-60 years 95 13.8% More than 60 years 31 4.5% Total 689 100.0% 2. Which racial /ethnic group do you identify with the most? ~. WhitelCaucasian •. 309 44.7% BlacklAfrican American 169 24.4% HispaniclLatino 151 21.8% American Indian/Alaskan Native 14 2.0% Asian 7 1.0% Pacific Islander 7 1.0% OtherlMulti-ethnic 35 5.1 Total 692 100.0% 3. How do you identify yourself? ~. Male -, 435 63.1% Female 247 35.8% Transgender 7 1.0% Total 689 100.0% 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? 70 t~. ~' .~ --, ':.;.~ ~_~ 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? 4b. What is your discharge status? .. Honorable .~ 73 63.5% General 20 17.4% Other than Honorable g 7.8% Dishonorable 6 5.2% Other 4 3.5% Don't know 3 2.6% Total 115 100.0% 5. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United States Armed Forces? Yes 295 42.5% No 399 57.5% Total 694 100.0% i i 71 Multiple response question with 697 respondents offering 116 responses. Multiple response question with 113 respondents offering 116 responses. 6. Do you live alone without family, partner, or friends? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results 6a. Do you live with: ~~ Spouse or partner •~ 78 20.0% Childlchildren 49 12.6% Parent or legal guardian 13 3.3% Other family member(s) 43 11.0% Friend(s) 116 29.7% Other 153 39.2% Multiple response question with 390 respondents offering 452 responses. 7. Where do you usually stay at night? ,. Outdoorslstreets/parks -~ 181 26.3% Automobile 33 4.8% Unconverted Garagelatticlbasement 24 3.5% Backyard or storage structure 19 2.8% Abandoned building 50 7.3% Motel/hotel 50 7.3% A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 58 8.4% Emergency shelter 49 7.1 Transitional housing 57 8.3% Other shelter 43 6.2% Public facilities 10 1.5% Encampment 19 2.8% Other 57 8.3% Van 13 1.9% Camper 26 3.8% Total 689 100.0% 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? 72 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results 2 times 76 11.0% 3 times 48 7.0% 4 times 22 3.2% 5 times 22 3.2% 6 times 11 1.6% More than 6 times 72 10.4% Total 689 100.0% 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time -~ 348 50.3% 2 times 87 12.6% 3 times 65 9.4% 4 times 37 5.3% 5 times 30 4.3% 6 times 16 2.3% More than 6 times 109 15.8% Total 692 100.0% 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? ~. 2 times •~ 87 25.3% 3 times 65 18.9% 4 times 37 10.8% 5 times 30 8.7% 6 times 16 4.7% More than 6 times 109 31.7% Total 344 100.0% 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? ~. 7 days or less -~ 29 4.3% 8 -30 days 42 6.2% 2 months 56 8.2% 3 months 44 6.5% 4 months 35 5.1 5 months 31 4.6% 6 months 38 5.6% 7 months 23 3.4% 73 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results 8 months 25 3.7% 9 months 20 2 g% 10 months 17 2.5% 11 months 16 2.4% 12 months 40 5.9% 1-2 years 85 12.5% 2-3 years 57 8.4% More than 3 years 122 17.9% Total 680 100.0% 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? ~~ San Bernardino County .~ 500 71.9% Los Angeles County 74 10.6% Riverside County 44 6.3% Other county in California 31 4.5% Out of State 46 6.6% Total 695 100.0% 10a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? ~~ 7 days or less .~ 12 2.4% 8- 30 days 12 2.4% 1 - 3 months 13 2.6% 4 - 6 months 17 3.4% 7 - 11 months 18 3.6% 1 - 2 years 56 11.2% 3 - 5 years 74 14.8% 6 -10 years 50 10.0% More than 10 years 248 49.6% Total 500 100.0% 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? ~. For ajob /seeking work -~ 30 16.0°10 I was born or grew up here 17 9.1 % My family and/or friends are here 37 19.8% I was traveling and got stranded 19 10.2% I visited and decided to stay 13 7.0% 74 -~ , `i 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results To access homeless services 9 4.8% I was forced out of my 7 3.7% I am just passing through 13 7.0% Weather 1 climate 2 1.1 Other 36 19.3% To access VA services andlor 4 2.1 Total 187 100.0% J 11. Immediately before yvu became homeless this last time, were you: ~; } ~. Living in a home owned by you or yow partner ~~ 70 10.2% Renting a home or apartment 195 28.4% Staying with friends 109 15.9% Living with relatives 143 20.8% Living in subsidized housing 15 2.2% In jail or prison 69 10.0% In a hospital 3 .4% In a substance abuse 23 3.3% In foster care 2 .3% Other 48 7.0% In a mental health facility 10 1.5% Total 687 100.0% 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? ~. Lost job ~~ 163 23.7% Landlord raised rent 21 3.0% Alcohol or drug use 162 23.5% Illness or medical problem 17 2.5% Mental health issues 27 3.9% Familyl domestic violence 30 4.4% Incarceration 40 5.8% Got too old for foster care 3 .4% Divorced or separated 14 2.0% Don't Knowl decline to state 22 3.2% Other 67 9.7% Landlord soldlstopped renting or re-used property 28 4.1 Hospitalizationltreatmentprogram 4 .6% Argument/family or friend asked you to leave 62 9.0% 75 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results Hurricane Katrina 3 .4% Other natural disasterl fire! flood 3 .4% Far being Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender 4 .6% Gambling problem g 1 2% Foreclosure on home due to 11 1.6% Total 689 100.0% 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? ~~ No job / no income .~ 368 53.0% Can't afford rent 332 47.8°1° No money for moving costs 206 29 7% No transportation 160 23.1 Bad credit 132 19.0% Criminal record 101 14.6% Eviction record 71 10.2% Don't want to 44 6.3% No housing available 40 5.8% Other 101 14.6% Multiple response question with 694 respondents offering 1555 responses. 14. Are you currently using any of the following servicesl assistance? ~~ Free meals .~ 288 41.7% Food pantry 171 24.8% Not using any services 171 24.8% Emergency shelter 129 18.7% Bus passes 97 14.1 Alcohol l Drug counseling 92 13.3% Shelter day services 92 13.3% Transitional housing 84 12.2% Mental health services 83 12.0% Health services 58 8.4% Legal assistance 34 4.9% Job training 33 4.8% Other 87 12.6% Multiple response question with 690 respondents offering 1419 responses. 76 '~7 ~~ `~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results 1 _1 ,~ l 1 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? ~. I am not currently receiving any of these -~ 374 54.0% Food Stamps 170 24.5% Medi respondents offering Cal IMedi respondents offering Care 64 9.2% SSI (Supplemental Security Income)lSSDI 61 8.8% General Relief 38 5.5% Social Security 30 4.3% Cash Aid ICaIWORKS 27 3.9% WIC 23 3.3% VA Disability Compensation 17 2.5% Veteran's Benefits 15 2.2% Other governmental assistance 25 3.6% Multiple response question with 693 respondents offering 844 responses. 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? .. Don't think I'm eligible -~ - 90 24.5% No permanent address 88 23.9% Have no ID 76 20.7% Never applied 66 17.9% No transportation 48 13.0% Turned down 46 12.5% Will apply soon 39 10.6% Paper work too difficult 31 8.4% I have applied and I am currently waiting for approval 29 7.9% Don't know where to go 24 6.5% Don't need government assistance 23 6.3% Benefits were cut off 19 5.2% Immigration issues 9 2.4% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 7 1.9% Other 68 18.5% Multiple response question with 368 respondents offering 663 responses. 77 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? . 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results $101 -$200 81 12.0% $201 - $300 26 3.9% $301 - $400 21 3.1 $401 - $500 11 1.6% $501 - $600 25 3.7% $601 - $700 12 1.8% $701 - $800 27 4.0% $801 - $900 26 3.9% $901 - $1000 23 3.4% Over $1000 15 2.2% Total 673 100.0% 17. Are you currently employed? ~. No, unemployed -~ 607 87.6% Yes, part time 60 8.7% Yes, full time 26 3.8% Total 693 100.0% 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? ~. No permanent address .~ 205 33.9% No transportation 194 32.1 No phone 177 29 3% Alcohol /drug issue 147 24.3% Need clothing 142 23.5% Need training 137 22.6% Need education 120 19.8% Criminal record 102 16.9% No photo identification 89 14.7% No shower facilities 82 13.6% Health problems 82 13.6% Disabled 80 13.2% No jobs 75 12.4% No tools for trade 57 9.4% Don't want to work 39 6.4% No child care 20 3.3% No work permit (No S.S. #) 14 2.3% Retired 10 1.7% ' :~ `.. 78 .~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results Spouselpartner doesn't want me to work 9 1.5% Other 117 19.3% Multiple response question with 605 respondents offering 1898 responses. 18. What are your other sources of income? ~. Recycling ~~ 272 43.8% Panhandling 175 28.2% Family !friends 164 26.4% Selling other found items 86 13.8% Selling blood I plasma 49 7.9% Sex work 31 5.0% Gambling 20 3.2% Pension 9 1.4% Child support 1 .2% Other 220 35.4% Multiple response question with 621 respondents offering 1027 responses. 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non-Government sources? ~. Zero -~ 208 30.9% $1 - $100 145 21.5% $101 - $200 89 13.2% $201 - $300 75 11.1 $301 - $400 43 6.4% $401 - $500 30 4.5% $501 - $600 27 4.0% $601 - $700 13 1.9% $701 - $800 9 1.3% $801 - $900 8 1.2% $901 - $1000 7 1.0% Over $1000 19 2.8% Total 673 100.0% 79 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results 20a. How long have you been on the section 8 waiting list? (Total in months) ,. 1 month •. 33 51.6% 2 -12 months 10 15.6% 13 - 24 months 5 7 8% 25 - 36 months 6 9.4% 37 - 48 months 3 4.7% 49 months or more 7 10 9% Total 64 100.0% 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? ~. - 18 or over living with you? 38 27.3% In foster care? 44 31.7% 0 - 5 years living with you? 46 33.1% 6 - 12 years living with you? 43 30.9% 13 - 17 years living with you? 21 15.1% Multiple response question with 139 respondents offering 192 responses. 21a-1. How many children do you have 18 years old or over living with you? ~. One child .~ 14 43.8% Two children 8 25.0% Three children 2 6.3% Four children 6 18.8% Six or more children 2 g.3% Total 32 100.0% "-..;~ j 3 80 . ~ 21a. Do you have any children who are? 21a•2. Now many children do you have in foster care? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results Four children 3 7.7% Five children 2 5.1 Six or more children 1 2.6% Total 39 100.0% 21a-3. How many children do you have 0 - 5 years old living with you? .. One child ~~ 31 58.5% Two children 19 35.8% Three children 1 1.9% Five children 1 1.9% Six or more children 1 1.9% Total 53 100.0% 21a-4. How many children do you have 6.12 years old living with you? .. One child •~ ~ 23 53.5% Two children 12 27.9% Three children 4 9.3% Four children 2 4.7% Six or more children 2 4.7% Tolal 43 100.0% 21a-5. How many children do you have 13 -17 years old living with you? 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? 81 21a-6. Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results NO 444 66.0% Total 673 100.0% 23. Where do you usually get medical care? ~. Hospital emergency room -~ 324 47.9% Urgent care clinic 21 31 Public health clinic 29 4.3% Veterans Affairs Clinic 37 5.5% Free cliniclcommunityctinic 59 8.7% Private doctor 34 5.0% Friends /family 9 1.3% Don't ever go 126 18 6% Other 38 5.6% Total 677 100.0% 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? .. Never ., . 322 48.6% 1 time 112 16.9% 2 fimes 90 13.6% 3 times 64 9.7% 4 times 36 5.4% 5 times 10 1.5% More than 5 times 29 4.4% Total 663 100.0% 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? ~. 0 nights -~ 404 61.9% 1 - 5 nights 75 11.5% 6 -10 nights 32 4.9% 11 - 20 nights 20 3.1 21 - 50 nights 31 4.7% More than 50 nights 91 13.9% Total 653 100.0% 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? ~. ., 82 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III: General Survey Results Yes 189 28.1% No 445 66.2% Declined to state 38 5.7% Total 672 100.0% 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: 26a. Physical disability 177 473 ~• •~ 23 26.3% 70.3% 3.4% 26b. Mental illness 172 456 42 25.7% 68.1% 6.3% 26c. Depression 285 374 19 42.0% 55.2% 2.8% 26d. Alcohol abuse 228 d12 29 34.1 % 61.6% 4.3% 26e. Drug abuse 233 406 30 34.8% 60.7% 4.5% 26f. Domesticlparlnerviotence or abuse 63 574 25 9.5% 86.7% 3.8% 26g. Chronic health problems 120 531 22 17.8% 78.9% 3.3% 26h. AIDS/HIV related illness 20 610 34 3.0% 91.9% 5.1% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 83 560 23 12.5% 84.1 % 3.5% 26j. Developmental disability 76 563 31 11.3% 84.0% 4.6% 83 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? 27. Were you ever in foster care? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix III• General Survey Results No 592 87.1% Total 680 100.0% 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? ~~ Less than 6th Grade -~ 32 4.7% less than high school diploma 236 34.5% High school diplomalGED 241 35.2% Some college, no degree 114 16.7% AA degree /technical certificate 35 5.1 BA degree or above 13 1.9% Graduate or professionaldegree 13 1.9% Total 684 100.0% 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll-free Telephone Help Line? 84 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results Appendix IV: Survey Profile Results by Veteran Status 1. Age .. 13-17 years 0.0% 18-21 years 0.0% 22-30 years 7.0% 31-00 years 18.4% 41-50 years 38.6% 51-60 years 22.8% More than 60 years 13.2% Total 114 2. Which racial 1 ethnic group do you identify with the most? .. WhitelCaucasian 53.0% Black/African American 23.5% HispanidLatino 12.2% American IndianlAlaskan Native 3.5% Asian 0.9% Pacific Islander 1.7% OthedMulti-ethnic 5.2% Total 115 3. How do you identify yourself? 85 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV• Veteran Survey Results ,~'~ 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? ~~ Honorable 63.5% General ' t7.q% Other than Honorable 7.8% Dishonorable 5.2% Other 3.5% Don't know 2.6% Total ~ ~ 5 5. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United States Armed Forces? .~ ;I i ^a j ]] .=3 -~ 86 ~ '3 4b. What is your discharge status? 6. Do you live alone without family, partner, or friends? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results 6. Do you live with: ~. Spouse or partner 18.2% Child/children 10.6% Parent or legal guardian 4.5% Other family member(s) 10.6% Friend(s) 37.9% Other 39.4% Total Cases 66 Total Responses 80 7. Where do you usually stay at night? .. Outdoors/sVeetslparks 27.6% Automobile 3.4% Unconverted Garage/attiGbasement 5.2% Backyard or storage structure 4.3% Abandoned building 7.8% Motelmotel 7.8% A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 9.5% Emergency shelter 8.6% Transitional housing 6.9% Other shelter 6.9% Public facilities 1.7% Encampment 4.3% Other 2.6% Van 0.9°/a Camper 2.6% Total 116 87 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV' Veteran Survey Results 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time 58.3% 2 times 7.0% 3 times 7.8% 4 times 3.5% 5 times 4.3% 6 times 2.6"/° More than 6 times 16,5% Total 115 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? ~. One time 39 7% 2 times 14,7% 3 times 6.0% 4 times g g% 5 times 4.3% 6 times 4.3% More than 6 times 22 4% Total 116 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? • .. 7 days or less 2,g% 8 -30 days 6.1 % 2 months 2 g% 3 months 3.5% 4 months 4,3% 5 months 2.g% 6 months 6.1 7 months 1.7% 8 months 5.2% 9 months 1.7% 10 months 3,5% 11 months 3.5% 12 months 7.0% 1-2 years 14.8% 88 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results 2-3 years 9.6% More than 3 years 25.2% Total 115 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? • ~. San Bernardino County 70.7% Los Angeles County 9.5% Riverside County 8.6% Other county in California 3.4% Out of State 7.8% Total 116 10a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? .. 7 days or less 3.7% 8- 30 days 3.7% 1 - 3 months 3.7% 4 - 6 months 4.9% 7 -11 months 4.9% 1 - 2 years 14.6% 3 - 5 years 13.4% 6 -10 years 7.3% More than 10 years 43.9% Total 82 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? .. For a job I seeking work 18.2% I was born or grew up here 12.1 My family and/or friends are here 9.1 I was Vaveling and got sVanded 6.1 I visited and decided to stay 6.1 To access homeless services 0.0% I was forced out of my 3.0% I am just passing through 12.1 Weather I climate 3.0% Other 18.2% To access VA services andlor 12.1 89 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV• Veteran Survey Results Total 33 11. Immediately before you became homeless this last time, were you: ~. Living in a home owned by 19.0% Renting a home or apartment 23.3% Staying with friends 15.5% Living with relatives 13,8% Living in subsidized housing 1.7% In jail or prison 8.6% In a hospital O.g% In a substance abuse g,p% In foster care 0.0% Other 7.8% In a mental health facility 3.4% Total 116 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? ~. Lost job 21.9% Landlord raised rent 6.1 Alcohol or drug use 20 2% Illness or medical problem 5.3% Mental health issues 4.4% Family/ domestic violence O,g% Incarceration 6.1 % Got too old for foster care p,g% Divorced or separated 5.3% Don't Know/ decline to state 2.6% Other 7.9% Landlord sold/stopped renting or re-used property 5.3% Hospitalizationltreatment program O.g% ArgumenUfamily or friend asked you to leave 5.3% Hurricane Katrina 1.g% Other natural disaster/ fire/ Flood 0.0% For being Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender 0.0% Gambling problem 3.5% Foreclosure on home due 1.g% Total 114 =` 90 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey' Results 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? - .. Can't afford rent 46.6% No job / no income 43.1 No money for moving costs 24.1 No housing available 5.2% No Uansportation 19.8% Bad credit 13.8% Eviction record 6.0% Criminal record 14.7% Don't want to 12.9% Other 19.0% Total Cases 116 Total Responses 238 14. Are you currently using any of the following services/ assistance? ~. Emergency shelter 22.4% Transitional housing 9.5% Free meals 50.9% Food pantry 24.1 Bus passes 15.5% Job Vaining 6.9% Alcohol /Drug counseling 6.9% Shelter day services 21.6% Legal assistance 4.3% Health services 13.8% Mental health services 10.3% Other 11.2% Not using any services 19.8% Total Cases 116 Total Responses 252 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? 91 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV• Veteran Survey Results SSI (Supplemental Security Income)/SSDI 10.3% Cash Aid /CaIWORKS 0.0% Veteran's Benefits 12.1 I am not currently receiving any of these 36.2% WIC 1.7% VA Disability Compensation 12.1 Social Security 10.3% Other governmental assistance 2.6% Total Cases 116 Total Responses 13g 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? ~. Don't think I'm eligible 14.3% Have no ID 21.q% No permanent address 28.6% No transportation 1 g.7°/, Never applied 1 g,0% Benefits were cut off 4.8% I have applied and I am curtently waiting for approval 9.5% Don't know where to go 2.4% Turned down 11.9% Will apply soon 11.9% Don't need government assistance 7.1 Paper work too difficult 7.1 Immigration issues 4.8% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 2.4% Other 23_g% Total Cases 42 Total Responses 7g 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? ~. Zero 42.2% $1 -$100 5.2% $101 -$200 11.2% $201 - $300 4.3% $301 - $400 3.4% $401 - $500 1.7% 92 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results. $501-$600 4.3% $601 - $700 0.0% $701 - $800 5.2% $801 - $900 6.9% $901-$1000 9.5% Over $1000 6.0% Total 116 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? .. Need education 13.9% Need training 10.9% Need clothing 16.8% No shower facilities 15.8% No phone 28.7% Health problems 17.8% Disabled 19.8% Criminal record 17.8% No permanent address 34.7% No transportation 37.6% No tools for trade 10.9% No work permit (No S.S. #) 0.0% Don't want to work 11.9% No jobs 8.9% No child care 1.0% Retired 6.9% Other 16.8% Alcohol Idrug issue 19.8% No photo identif cation 10.9% Spouselpartner doesn't want me to work 0.0% Total Cases 101 Total Responses 304 93 17. Are you currently employed? `' 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV• Veteran Survey Results ~ 18. What are your other sources of income? - ~. Family /friends 21.2% Pension 4.8% Child support 0.0% Recycling 39.4% Selling other found items 2p 2% Selling blood /plasma 8.7% Sex work 1.g% Other 38.5% Gambling g,7% Panhandling 25.0% Total Cases 104 Total Responses 173 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non•Government sources? ~. Zero 30.2% $1-$100 20.7% $101-$200 17.2% $201 - $300 11.2% $301 - $400 g.g% $401-$500 3.4% $501 - $600 p.g% $601 - $700 0.9% $701 - $600 0.9% $801-$900 2.6% $901 -$1000 1.7°/a Over $1000 3.4% Total 116 ) ?:: 94 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results 20a. How long have you been on the section 8 waiting list? (Total in months) .. 1 month 9.1% 2 -12 months 18.2% 13 - 24 months 9.1 25 - 36 months 27.3% 37 - 48 months 9.1 49 months or more 27.3% Total 11 21 a. Do you have any children who are? .. 18 or over living with you? 37.5% In foster care? 37.5% 0 - 5 years living with you? 18.8% 6 - 12 years living with you? 18.8% 13 -17 years living with you? 12.5% Total Cases 16 Total Responses 20 21 a-1. How many children do you have 18 years old or over living with you? .. One child 33.3% Two children 0.0% Three children 0.0% Four children 33.3% Six or more children 33.3% Total 3 95 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? 21a-2. How many children do you have in foster care? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV• Veteran Survey Results Two children 66.7% Three children 0.0% Four children 0.0% Five children 0.0% Six or more children 0.0% Total 3 21a-3. How many children do you have 0 - 5 years old living with you? • .. One child 66.7% Two children 33.3% Three children 0.0% Five children 0.0% Six or more children 0.0% Total 3 21a-4. How many children do you have 6 -12 years old living with you? ~. One child 100.0% Two children 0.0% Three children 0.0% Four children 0.0% Six or more children p.0% Total 3 21a-5. How many children do you have 13 -17 years old living with you? -,~ ~~ 1 t a 96 '; Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? 23. Where do you usually get medical care? ~~ Hospital emergency room 36.0% Urgent care clinic 3.5% Public health clinic 3.5% Veterans Affairs Clinic 30.7% Free clinic/community clinic 7.0% Private doctor 3.5% Friends I family 0.0% Don't ever go 13.2% Other 2.6% Total 114 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? .. Never 51.4% 1 time 16.2% 2 times 12.6% 3 times 9.9% 4 times 5.4% 5 times 0.9% More than 5 times 3.6% Total 111 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? • .. 0 nights 60.4% 1 - 5 nights 16.2% 6 -10 nights 4.5% 11 - 20 nights 4.5% 21 - 50 nights 2.7% More than 50 nights 11.7% 97 ~) 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results Total 111 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? 26a. Physical disability 48 62 ~- •. , 4 42.1 % 54.4% 3.5% 26b. Mental illness 38 63 9 34.5% 57.3% 8.2% 26c. Depression 52 58 4 45.6% 50.9% 3.5% 26d. Alcohol abuse 40 66 4 36.4% 60.0% 3.6°/a 26e. Drug abuse 32 74 4 29.1% 67.3% 3.6% 26f. DomestiGpartneruiolence or abuse 10 94 4 9.3% 87.0% 3.7% 26g. Chronic health problems 34 75 5 29.8% 65.8% 4.4% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 4 97 8 3.7% 89.0% 7.3% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 33 70 6 30.3% 64.2% 5.5% 26j. Developmental disability 16 89 5 14.5% 80.9% 4.5% "? 98 .:~ ~:j 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IV: Veteran Survey Results 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? .. Less than 6th Grade 5.4% Less than high school diploma 9.8% High school diplomalGED 34.8% Some college, no degree 28.6% AA degree /technical certificate 13.4% BA degree or above 4.5% Graduate or professional degree 3.6% Total 112 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll-free Telephone Help Line? 99 27. Were you ever in foster care? 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survev Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results Appendix V: Survey Profile Results by Substance Abuse 1. Age .. 13-17 years 0.6% 18-21 years 1.9% 22-30 years 19.4% 31-40 years 26.6% 41-50 years 31.6% 51-60 years 15.2% More than 60 years 4.5% Total 310 2. Which racial /ethnic group do you identify with the most? .. White/Caucasian 40.6% Black/Afdcan American 24.0% Hispanic/Latino 25.9% American IndianlAlaskan Native 1.9% Asian 1 6% Pacif c Islander 2.2% OtherlMulti-ethnic 3.6% Total 313 3. How do you identify yourself? 100 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? 4b. What is your discharge status? .. Honorable 62.0% General 18.0% Other than Honorable 8.0% Dishonorable 8.0% Other 2.0% Don't know 2.0% Total 50 5. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United States Armed Forces? 6. Do you live with: .. Spouse or partner 22.0% Child/children 3.0% Parent or legal guardian 1.2% Other family member(s) 12.2% Friend(s) 39.0% Other 42.1% Total Cases 164 Total Responses 196 101 6. Do you live alone without family, partner, or friends? `` 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V• Substance Abuse Results 7. Where do you usually stay at night? ~~ Outdoorslstreetslparks 31,1 Automobile 5.4% Unconverted Garagelatticlbasement 32% Backyard or storage structure 3.5% Abandoned building 10.9% Motel/hotel g 1% A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 10.3% Emergency shelter 5.4% Transitional housing 3,g% Other shelter 3•g% Public facilities 1.g% Encampment 2 g% Other 6.4% Van 1.3% Camper 4.2% Total 312 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time 57.3% 2 times 12 1 3 times g.3% 4 times 3,p/° 5 times 3,g% 6 times 2.2% More than 6 times 13.1 Total 314 l i '~. ':_ 102 3 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? ~. One Gme 45.9% 2 times 11.5% 3 times 10.2% 4 times 4.8% 5 times 5.4% 6 times 3.2% Mare than 6 times 19.1 Total 314 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? ~. 7 days or less 2.9% 8 -30 days 5.4% 2 months 4.8% 3 months 5.1 4 months 4.5% 5 months 4.8% 6 months 7.3% 7 months 4.2% 8 months 3.8% 9 months 1.9% 10 months 3.2% 11 months 1.6% 12 months 5.4% 1-2 years 13.1 2-3 years 10.2% More than 3 years 21.7% Total 313 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? ~. San Bernardino County 73.9% Los Angeles County 10.2% Riverside County 6.4% Other county in California 4.8% Out of State 4.8% Total 314 103 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V• Substance Abuse Results 10a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? ~~ 7 days or less 2 6% 8- 30 days 1.7% 1 - 3 months 1.7% 4 - 6 months 3,p% 7 -11 months 4.3% 1 - 2 years 9.5% 3 - 5 years 15.9% 6 -10 years 12.1 More than 10 years 49.1 Total 232 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? • .. For a job I seeking work 10.0% I was bom or grew up here 7.5% My family and/or friends are here 21.3% I was traveling and got stranded 10.0% I visited and decided to stay 6.3% To access homeless services 6.3% I was forced out of my 3.8% I am just passing through 8.8% Weather /climate 0.0% Other 21.3% To access VA services and/or 5.0% Total g0 11. Immediately before you became homeless this last time, were you: .. Living in a home owned by 7.0% Renting a home or apartment 25.2% Staying with friends 15.3% Living with relatives 25.2% Living in subsidized housing 1.9% In jail or prison 13.1 In a hospital 0.0% In a substance abuse 5.4% In foster care 0.3% 104 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results Other 4.8% In a mental health facility 1.9% Total 314 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? .. Lost job 18.9% Landlord raised rent 1.9% Alcohol or drug use 37.5% Illness or medical problem 1.0% Mental health issues 3.8% Familyl domestic violence 2.6% Incarcerafion 6.7% Got too old for foster care 0.3% Divorced or separated 2.9% Don't Know/ decline to state 3.5% Other 4.8% Landlord soldlstopped renting or remised properly 3.2% Hospitalization/treatment program 0.6% ArgumenUfamily or friend asked you to leave 7.4% Hunirane Katrina 0.6% Other natural disaster/ fuel flood 0.0% For being Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender 1.3% Gambling problem 1.3% Foreclosure on home due to 1.6% Total 312 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? • ~. Can't afford rent 51.3% No job / no income 59.9% No money for moving costs 32.2% No housing available 6.1 No transportation 29.0% Bad credit 22.6% Eviction record 12.4% Criminal record 19.4% Don't want to 8.0% Other 13.1% 105 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V• Substance Abuse Results Total Cases 314 Total Responses 797 14. Are you currently using any of the following servicesl assistance? .. Emergency shelter 20.1 Transitional housing 8.3% Free meals 46.0% Food pantry 29.1% Bus passes 16.9% Job training 4.8% Alcohol I Drug counseling 20.4% Shelter day services 17.6% Legal assistance 5.8% Health services 8.6% Mental health services 14.1 Other 11.2% Not using any services 26.2% Total Cases 313 Total Responses 717 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? ~. General Relief 6.7% Food Stamps 21.0% Medi-Cal /Medi-Care 5.4% SSI (Supplemental Security Income)/SSDI 10.8% Cash Aid /CaIWORKS 1.3% Veteran's Benefits 1.6% I am not currently receiving any of these 56.4% WIC .6% VA Disability Compensation 2.2% Social Security 3.8% Other governmental assistance 2.9% Total Cases 314 Total Responses 354 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? 106 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results ~. Don't think I'm eligible 31.4% Have no ID 26.9% No permanent address 27.4% No transportation 16.6% Never applied 22.9% Benefits were cut off 4.6% I have applied and I am currently waiting for approval 9.1 Don't know where to go 6.3% Turned down 14.9% Will apply soon 13.1 Don't need government assistance 5.1 Paper work too difficult 10.9% Immigration issues 1.7% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 2.3% Other 15.4% Total Cases 175 Total Responses 365 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? .. Zero 60.3% $1 - $100 1.9% $101-$200 11.2% $201-$300 4,2% $301 -$400 1.6% $401 - $500 1.3% $501 -$600 4.5% $601 - $700 2.2% $701 - $800 3.8% $801 - $900 4.2% $901 -$1000 3.2% Over $1000 1.6% Total 312 107 17. Are you currently employed? ;; >~ ') 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results ) Yes, part Gme 6.1 % Yes, full time 1.9% Total 314 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? ~. Need education 21.1 Need training 26.0% Need clothing 27.0% No shower facilities 17.3% No phone 31.8% Health problems 14.9% Disabled 12.8% Criminal record 24.2% No permanent address 36.0% No transportation 35.3% No tools for trade 9.7% No work permit (No S.S. #) 1.4% DonY want to work 9.3% Nojobs 12.8% No child care 1.0% Retired 1.7% Other 15.9% Alcohol/drug issue 41.9% No photo identification 17.0% Spouse/partner doesn't want me to work 2.4% Total Cases 289 Total Responses 1,039 18. What are your other sources of income? .. Family /friends 28.1 Pension 1.4% Child support 3% Recycling 49.5% Selling other found items 19.3% Selling blood 1 plasma 10.5% Sex work 9.8% Other 31.5% J 108 L~ -, ~ s 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results Gambling 5.8% Panhandling 41.4% Total Cases 295 Total Responses 583 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non-Government sources? .. Zero 26.5% $1-$100 20.0% $101 - $200 14.5% $201 - $300 11.6% $301 - $400 10.0% $401 - $500 5.5% $501 - $600 4.8% $601 - $700 1.9% $701-$800 0.6% $801 - $900 0.3% $901-$1000 1.0% Over $1000 3.2% Total 310 20a. How long have you been on the section 8 waiting list? (Total in months) ~. 1 month 40.7% 2 -12 months 14.8% 13 - 24 months 11.1 25 - 36 months 18.5% 37 - 48 months 7.4% 49 months or more 7.4% Total 27 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? 109 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V' Substance Abuse Results 21 a. Do you have any children who are? ~. 18 or over living with you? 25.9% In foster care? 46.3% 0 - 5 years living with you? 25.9% 6 -12 years living with you? 14.8% 13 -17 years living with you? 9.3% Total Cases 54 Total Responses 66 21a-1. How many children do you have 18 years old or over'living with you? ~~ One child 38.5% Two children 23.1 Three children 15.4% Four children 15.4% Six or more children 7.7% Total 13 21a-2. How many children do you have in foster care? ~. One child 28.6% Two children 28.6% Three children 19.0% Four children 9.5% Five children 9.5% Six or more children 4.8% Total 21 ~~ _~ 1 110 .- , s:: 21 a-3. How many children do you have 0 - 5 years old living with you? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results Three children 0.0% Five children 7.7% Six or more children 0.0% Total 13 21a-4. How many children do you have 6 -12 years old living with you? .. One child 62.5% Two children 25.0% Three children 12.5% Four children 0.0% Six or more children 0.0% Total 8 21a-5. How many children do you have 13 -17 years old living with you? 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? 111 Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? 23. Where do you usually get medical care? 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V• Substance Abuse Results Public health clinic 5 8% Veterans Affairs Clinic 6.5% Free diniclcommunity clinic 8.7% Private doctor 2.3%° Friends /family 1.g% Don't ever go 18.8% Other 4 gq° Total 309 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? - ~. Never 44.7% 1 time 16.4% 2 times 14.5% 3 times 10.5% 4 times 6.6% 5 times 2 p% More than 5 times 5.3% Total 304 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? ~. 0 nights 49.8% 1 - 5 nights 15.3% 6 -10 nights 5.6% 11 - 20 nights 3,7% 21 - 50 nights 7 3q° More than 50 nights 18.3% Total 301 ~~ ,'; 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? .. `:~ ,._- 112 ~> .r~ 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V: Substance Abuse Results Yes 29.7% No 62.7% Declined to state 7.6% Total 303 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: 26a. Physical disability 95 201 ~• •~ 7 31.4% 66.3% 2.3% 26b. Mental illness 103 186 14 34.0% 61.4% 4.6% 26c. Depression 165 138 5 53.6% 44.8% 1.6% 26d. Alcohol abuse 228 74 2 75.0% 24.3% 0.7% 26e. Drug abuse 233 73 1 75.9% 23.8% 0.3% 26f. DomestiGpartner violence or abuse 40 252 7 13.4% 84.3% 2.3% 26g. Chronic health problems 68 231 5 22.4% 76.0% 1.6% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 14 271 16 4.7% 90.0% 5.3% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 42 255 7 13.8% 83.9% 2.3% 26j. Developmental disability 41 256 10 13.4% 83.4% 3.3% 113 27. Were you ever in foster care? 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? 2007 San Bernardino Count Homeless Census and Survey Appendix V• Substance Abuse Results High school diploma/GED 3g,g% Some college, no degree 13.6% AA degree /technical certificate 5.2% BA degree or above 1.6% Graduate or professional degree 1.0% Total 309 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll-free Telephone Help Line? -; ,3 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results Appendix VI: Survey Profile Results by Youth Age 13 - 21 1. Age ~. WhitelCaucasian •~ 11 37.9% Black/AfdcanAmerican 7 24.1% HispanidLatino 7 24.1% Asian 1 3.4% Padfic Islander 1 3.4% OthedMulticthnic 2 6.9% Total 29 100.0% 3. How do you identify yourself? 6. Do you live with: 115 2. Which racial 1 ethnic group do you identify with the most? 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? 6. Do you live alone without family, partner, or friends? 2007 San Bernardino Count Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results •. Spouse or partner -~ 2 9.5% Child/children 3 14.3% Parent or legal guardian 2 9.5% Other family member(s) 2 9.5% Friend(s) g gg 1% Other 7 33.3% Multiple response question with 21 respondents offering 24 responses. 7. Where do you usually stay at night? .. Outdoors/streets/parks -~ 6 20.0% Unconverted Garage/atticlbasement 2 6.7% Backyard or storage structure 1 3.3% Abandoned building 3 10.0% Motelmotel 2 B.7%° A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 3 10.0% Emergency shelter 3 10.0% Transitional housing 4 13.3% Other shelter 3 10.0% Public facilities 1 3.3% Encampment 1 3.g% Other 1 3.3% Total 30 100.0% 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time ., 18 62.1 2 times 1 3.4% 3 times 3 10.3% 4 times 2 6 9% 5 times 2 6.g% 6 times 1 3.4% ': J 3 a '_~ 116 <~i -a t. 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results More than 6 times 2 6.9% Total 29 100.0% 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time •~ 14 46.7% 2 times 4 13.3% 3 times 1 3.3% 4times 2 6.7% 5times 2 6.7% More than 6 times 7 23.3% Total 30 100.0% 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? .. 7daysorless -~ 2 7.1% 8 -30 days 3 10.7% 2 months 7 25.0% 3months 2 7.1% 6 months 1 3.6% 7 months 1 3.6% 9months 2 7.1% 10 months 1 3.6% 12 months 1 3.6% 1-2 years 2 7.1% 2-3 years 2 7.1% More than 3 years 4 14.3% Total 26 100.0% 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? ~. San Bernardino County •. 23 76.7% Los Angeles County 3 10.0% Riverside County 2 6.7% Other county in California 1 3.3% Out of State 1 3.3% Total 30 100.0% t0a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? 117 4 `~33 l 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results 3 •. 8- 30 days ., 2 8 7% 1 - 3 months 1 4.3% 7 -11 months 2 8 7% 1 - 2 years 2 8 7% 3 - 5 years 6 26.1 More than 10 years 10 43.5% Total 23 100.0% 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? ~. For ajob /seeking work -. 1 16 7% I was bom or grew up here 1 16.7% I was traveling and got stranded 1 16.7% Other 3 50.0% Total 6 100.0% 11. Immediately before you became homeless this last time, were you: ~. Living in a home owned by -. 2 g.g% Renting a home or apartment 4 13.8% Staying with friends 4 1 g.g% Living with relatives 11 37.9% In jail or prison 1 3.4% In a hospital 1 3.4% In a substance abuse 1 3.4% In faster care 1 3.4% Other 4 13.8% Total 29 100.0% 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? ~. Lostjob ., 9 31.0% Landlord raised rent p g.g% Alcohol or drug use 4 13.8% Familyl domestic violence 2 6.9% Got too old for foster care 2 6.9% Don't Know/ decline to state 1 3.4% Other 3 10.3% 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results ArgumenUfamily or friend asked you to leave 4 13.8% Gambling problem 1 3.4% Foreclosure on home due to 1 3.4% Total 29 100.0% 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? ~. Can't afford rent •~ 11 36.7% No job / no inwme 23 76.7% No money for moving costs 9 30.0% No housing available 2 6.7% No transportation 7 23.3% Bad credit 1 3.3% Eviction record 2 6.7% Criminal record 2 6.7% Don't want to 1 3.3% Other 2 6.7% Multiple response question with 30 respondents offering 60 responses. 14. Are you currently using any of the following serviced assistance? .. Emergency shelter -. 7 23.3% Transitional housing 3 10.0% Free meals 5 16.7% Food pantry 4 13.3% Bus passes 7 23.3% Job training 2 6.7% Alcohol I Drug counseling 3 10.0% Shelter day services 7 23.3% Legal assistance 3 10.0% Health services 0 0.0% Mental health services 2 6.7% Other 5 16.7% Not using any services 9 30.0% Multiple response question with 30 respondents offering 57 responses. 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? 119 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results General Relief 3 10.3% Food Stamps 7 24.1% Medi-Cal /Medi-Care 3 10.3% SSI (Supplemental Security Income)/SSDI 1 3.4% Cash Aid ICaIWORKS 1 3.4% Veteran's Benefits 0 0.0% I am not currently receiving any of these 18 62.1 WIC 3 10.3% VA Disability Compensation 0 0.0% Social Security 1 3.4% Othergovemmentalassistance 0 0.0% Multiple response question with 29 respondents offering 37 responses. 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? ~. Don't think I'm eligible -. 4 23.5% Have no ID 6 35.3% No permanent address 5 29.4% No transportation 5 29.4% Never applied 3 17.6% Benefits were cut off 1 5.9% I have applied and I am currently waiting for approval 0 0.0% Don't know where to go 2 11.8% Turned down 1 5.9% Will apply soon 2 11.8% Don't need government assistance 2 11.8% Paper work too difficult 2 11.8% Immigration issues 1 5.9% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 0 0.0% Other 5 29.4% Multiple response question with 17 respondents offering 39 responses. 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? Zero 15 51.7% $1 -$100 4 13.8% $101-$200 3 10.3% 120 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results $201 -$300 3 10.3% $501 -$600 1 3.4% $601-$700 2 6.9% $801-$900 1 3.4% Total 29 100.0% 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? .. Need education •~ 9 33.3% Need training 6 22.2% Need clothing 3 11.1 No shower facilities 2 7.4% No phone 10 37.0% Health problems 1 3.7% Disabled 3 11.1 Criminal record 3 11.1% No permanent address 11 40.7% No transportation 8 29.6% No tools for Uade 3 11.1 No work permit (No S.S. #) 1 3.7% Don't want to work 1 3.7% No jobs 3 11.1 No child care 2 7.4% Retired 0 0.0% Other 4 14.8% Alcohol Idrug issue 5 18.5% No photo identification 5 18.5% Spouselpartner doesn't want me to work 1 3.7% Multiple response question with 27 respondents offering 81 responses. 121 17. Are you currently employed? 18. What are your other sources of income? 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results Pension 0 0.0% Child support 0 0.0% Recycling 8 30.8% Selling other found items 2 7.7% Selling blood /plasma 2 7.7% Sex work 1 3.8% Other 8 30.8% Gambling 0 0.0% Panhandling 6 23.1% Multiple response question with 26 respondents offering 40 responses. 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non-Government sources? .~ Zero -. 11 37.9% $1 -$100 8 27.6% $101 - $200 3 10.3% $201-$300 4 13.8% $501-$600 1 3.4% $601 - $700 1 3.4% $901-$1000 1 3.4% Total 29 100.0% 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? i2z ,_; 20a. How long have you been on the section 8 waiting list? (Total in months) 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? , ~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results Total 29 100.0% 21a. Do you have any children who are? .~ 18 or over living with you? -. 2 50.0% In foster care? 0 0.0% 0 - 5 years living with you? 2 50.0% 6 -12 years living with you? 0 0.0% t 3 -17 years living with you? 0 0.0% Multiple response question with 4-4- responses. Q21A 1 Fcur children 1 100.0% Total 1 100.0% Q21A_2 0 .0% Total 0 .0% Q21A_3 One child 2 66.7% Two children 1 33.3% Total 3 100.0% Q21A 4 0 0% Total 0 0°/a Q21A_5 0 .0% Total 0 .0% Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? i 123 ~~ 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results i 0 .0% Total 0 .0% 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? .. Hospital emergency room ., 12 40.0% Veterans Affairs Clinic 1 3.3% Free clinic/community clinic 2 6.7% Private doctor 3 10.0% Friends /family 1 3.3% Don't ever go g 26 7% Other 3 10.0% Total 30 100.0% 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? ~. Never ., 16 57.1% 1 time 2 7.1 2 times 6 21.4% 3 times 2 7.1 % 4 times 1 3.6% More than 5 times 1 3.6% Total 28 100.0% 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? ~. 0 nights ., 17 63.0% 1 - 5 nights 3 11.1 6 -10 nights 4 14.8% 11 - 20 nights 1 3 7% More than 50 nights 2 7.4% Total 27 100.0% ~RR 3 1 1 124 23. Where do you usually get medical care? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI: Youth Survey Results 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: 26a. Physical disability 2 25 ~- -. 2 6.9°/a 86.2% 6.9% 26b. Mental illness 4 24 1 13.8% 82.8% 3.4% 26c. Depression 8 21 0 27.6% 72.4°/a 0.0% 26d. Alcohol abuse 6 22 1 20.7% 75.9% 3.4% 26e. Drug abuse 4 24 0 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 26f. DomestiGpartner violence or abuse 3 26 0 10.3% 89.7% 0.0°/a 26g. Chronic health problems 3 26 0 10.3% 89.7% 0.0% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 1 28 0 3.4% 96.6% 0.0% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2 26 1 6.9% 89.7% 3.4% 26j. Developmental disability 1 26 1 3.6% 92.9% 3.6% 125 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? 27. Were you ever in foster care? ~::~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VI• Youth Survey Results No 24 80.0% Total 30 100.0% 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? .. Less than high school diploma ., 19 63.3% High school diploma/GED 7 23.3% Some college, no degree 3 10.0% AA degree /technical certificate 1 3.3% Total 30 100.0% 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll•free Telephone Help Line? 3 126 ` ~ 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results Appendix VII: Survey Profile Results by Those with Mental Illness 1. Age ~. 13-17 years 0.6% 18-21 years 1.8% 22-30 years 19.6% 31-40 years 26.8% 41-50 years 29.8% 51-60 years 16.3% More than 60 years 5.1 Total 332 2. Which racial 1 ethnic group do you identify with the most? ~. White/Caucasian 43.3% BlacklAfrican American 24.5% HispaniclLatino 22.7% American Indian/Alaskan Native 1.5% Asian 0.9% Pacific Islander 1.2% Other/Multiethnic 6.0% Total 335 iz7 3. How do you identify yourself? 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? >a 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results ~ 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? .. Regular Military g6.g% National Guard g g% Reserve 6.6% Total Cases 71 Total Responses 72 4b. What is your discharge status? .. Honorable 60.6% General 14.1 Other than Honorable 9.9% Dishonorable g,6% Other 4.2% Don't know 2.8% Total 71 5. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United States Armed Forces? ;i 128 l 6. Ddgou live alone without family, partner, or friends? 6. Do you live with: 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results .. Spouse or partner 20.1% Childlchildren 10.6% Parent or legal guardian 1.5% Other family member(s) 9.8% Friend(s) 35.1 Other 37.1 Total Cases 194 Total Responses 222 7. Where do you usually stay at night? .. Outdoors/streets/parks 25.2% Automobile 5.1 Uncenverted Garageladiclbasement 3.6% Backyard or storage structure 3.6% Abandoned building 7.8% Motelmotel 6.6% A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 7.8% Emergency shelter 8.4% Transitional housing 9.0% Other shelter 7.8% Public facilities 1.8% Encampment 3.6% Other 5.1 Van 1.5% Camper 3.0% Total 333 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? 129 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results 2 times 11 3% 3 times g g% 4 times q 2% 5 times 2 7% 6 times 2.4% More than 6 times 13.4% Total 337 Sb. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? .. One time 46.3% 2 times 11.9% 3 times 9.2% 4 times 6.5% 5 times 4.5% 6 times 3.3% More than 6 times 18.4% Total 337 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? .. 7 days or less 4.2% 6 -30 days g.g% 2 months 8.3% 3 months 4.5% 4 months 5.7% 5 months q.5% 6 months 6.3% 7 months 2.q% 8 months 3.3% 9 months 3.3% 10 months 3.0% 11 months 1.2% 12 months 6.0% 1-2 years 12.5% 2-3 years 10 1% More than 3 years 18 2% Total 336 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? 130 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results ~. San Bernardino County 71.8% Los Angeles County 11.6% Riverside County 5.6% Other county in California 3.9% Out of State 7.1 Total 337 10a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? .. 7 days or less 2.1% 8- 30 days 2.5% 1 - 3 months 1.7% 4 - 6 months 4.1 7 -11 months 2.5% 1 - 2 years 10.7% 3 - 5 years 16.9% 6 -10 years 10.3% More than 10 years 49.2% Total 242 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? .. For a job I seeking work 12.2% I was born or grew up here 8.9% My family andlor friends are here 18.9% I was traveling and got stranded 13.3% I visited and decided to stay 8.9% To access homeless services 5.6% I was forced out of my 4.4% I am just passing through 5.6% Weather I climate 1.1 Other 16.7% To access VA services 4.4% Total 90 131 11. Immediately before you became homeless this last time, were you: ~~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results Renting a home or apartment 29.8% Staying with friends 15,5% Living with relatives 1g,g% Living in subsidized housing 3.0% In jail or prison 10.4% In a hospital p.g% In a substance abuse 3.0% In foster care p.0% Other 5.7% In a mental health facility 2,4% Total 336 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? ~. lost job 19.7% Landlord raised rent 3.3% Alwhol or drug use .21.5% Illness or medical problem 2.4% Mental health issues 7.5% Family/ domestic violence 4.2% Incarceration 6.6% Got too old for faster care 0.3% Divorced or separated 2.1 Don't Know/ decline to state 3.3% Other 7.8% Landlord sold/stopped renting or re-used property 5.4% Hospitalizationltreatment program 0.0% Argument/family orfriend asked you to leave 10.1 Humane Katrina 0.9% Other natural disaster/ f re/flood 0.6% For being Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender 0.6% Gambling problem 1.8% Foredosure on home due to 2.1 Total 335 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results No money for moving costs 32.9% No housing available 6.8% No transportation 26.7% Bad credit 21.7% Eviction record 11.6% Criminal record 16.3% Don't want to 5.9% Other 13.9% Total Cases 337 Total Responses 802 14. Are you currently using any of the following services) assistance? ~. Emergency shelter 21.2% Transitional housing 14.3% Free meals .44.5% Food pantry 26.3% Bus passes 14.3% Job training 6.0% Alcohol I Drug counseling 17.0% Sheller day services 18.5% Legal assistance 6.3% Health services 11.9% Mental health services 19.4% Other 11.6% Not using any services 22.4% Total Cases 335 Total Responses 783 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? ~~ General Relief 6.5% Food Stamps 28.5% Medi-Cal /Medi-Care 10.1 SSI (Supplemental Secudty Income)/SSDI 13.1% Cash Aid ICaIWORKS 4.7% Veteran's Benefits 3.3% I am not currently receiving any of these 45.7% 133 2007 San Bernardino Count Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results WIC 3.9% VA Disability Compensation 3,g% Social Security 3.9% Other governmental assistance 2.7% Total Cases 337 Total Responses 425 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? .. Don't think I'm eligible 19.1 Have no ID 20.4% No permanent address 2g.3% No transportation 12.5% Never applied 15.1 Benefits were cut off 5,g% I have applied and I am currently waiting for approval 14.5% Don't know where to go 7.2% Turned down 11,2% Will apply soon 12.5% Don't need government assistance 5.9% Paper work too difficult 11.8% Immigration issues 2,p% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 3.3% Other 15.8% Total Cases 152 Total Responses 27g 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? ~. Zero 50.0% $1 -$100 2.4% $101-$200 12.3% $201-$300 3.3% $301-$400 4.2% $401 - $500 2.1 % $501 - $600 5.4% $601-$700 2.1% $701-$800 5.4% $801 - $900 4.8% ~< 5 `3 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results $901-$1000 5.1% Over $1000 2.7% Total 332 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? ~. Need education 20.7% Need training 25.3% Need clothing 25.3% No shower facilities 13.5% No phone 31.6% Health problems 18.4% Disabled 16.8% Criminal record 19.4% No permanent address 36.5% No transportation 35.5% No tools for trade 10.5% No work permit (No S.S. #) 2.0% Don't want to work 5.9% No jobs 12.5% No child care 4.3% Retired 2.0% Other 17.8% Alcohol /drug issue 26.3% No photo identifcation 14.1 Spouselpartner doesn't want me to work 2.0% Total Cases 304 Total Responses 1,035 135 17. Are you currently employed? 18. What are your other sources of income? 2007 San Bernardino Count Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results Pension 1.0% Child Support 0.0% Recycling 45.7% Selling other found items 15 2% Selling blood /plasma g.6% Sex work 7 6% Other 34.8% Gambling 4.3% Panhandling 32.1 Total Cases 302 Total Responses 533 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non-Government sources? - ~. Zero 29.5% $1 -$100 18.7% $101 - $200 .14.5% $201-$300 10.5% $301-$400 8.1% $401 - $500 q,2% $501-$600 4.5% $601-$700 1.8% $701 - $800 2.4% $801-$900 1.8% $901-$1000 1.5% Over $1000 2 4% Total 332 20a. How long have you been on the section S waiting list? (Total in months) 136 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results 25 - 36 months 12.2% 37 - 48 months 7.3% 49 months or more 12.2% Total 41 21 a. Do you have any children who are? .. 18 or over living with you? 20.6% In faster care? 35.3% 0 - 5 years living with you? 29.4% 6 -12 years living with you? 33.8% 13 -17 years living with you? 17.6% Total Cases 68 Total Responses 93 21a-1. How many children do you have 18 years old or over living with you? ~. One child 16.7% Two children 33.3% Three children 0.0% Four children 33.3% Six or more children 16.7% Total 12 21 a-2. How many children do you have in foster care? ~. One child 40.0% Two children 35.0% Three children 15.0% Four children 5.0% Five children 5.0% Six or more children 0.0% Total 20 137 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results 21a3. How many children do you have 0 - 5 years old living with you? ~. One child 65.2% Two children P8.1 % Three children 0.0% Five children 4.3% Six or more children 4.3% Total 23 21a-4. How many children do you have 6 -12 years old living with you? - ~. One child 56.5% Two children 26.1 Three children 13.0% Four children 4.3% Six or more children 0.0% Total 2g 21a•5. How many children do you have 13 -17 years old living with you? 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? _~ `' '~ Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? 23. Where do you usually get medical care? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII: Mental Illness Results •. Hospital emergency room 51.6% Urgent care clinic 4.2% Public health clinic 5.7% Veterans Affairs Clinic 8.4% Free cliniGcommunity clinic 8.4% Private doctor 5.1 Friends /family 0.9% Don't ever go 12.5% Other 3.3% Total 335 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? .. Never 39.1 Mime 17.1 2 times 15.6% 3 times 11.9% 4 times 7.0% 5 times 1.8% More than 5 times 7.3% Total 327 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? ~. 0 nights 58.0% 1 - 5 nights 13.6°/a 6 -10 nights 4.6% 11 - 20 nights 1.9% 21 - 50 nights 5.6% More than 50 nights 16.4% Total 324 139 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? =~ 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII• Mental Illness Results i 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? 26a. Physical disability 120 198 ~- -, 7 36.9% 60.9% 2.2% 26b. Mental illness 172 134 19 52.9% 41.2% 5.8% 26c. Depression 285 50 1 84.8% 14.9% 0.3% 26d. Alcohol abuse 140 172 11 43.3% 53.3% 3.4% 26e. Drug abuse 142 170 9 44.2% 53.0% 2.8% 26f. Domesticlpartneruiolence or abuse 46 262 11 14.4% 82.1% 3.4% 26g. Chronic health problems 95 224 7 29.1% 68.7% 2.1% 26h. AIDS/HIV related illness 16 289 16 5.0% 90.0% 5.0% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 83 231 10 25.6% 71.3% 3.1% 26j. Developmental disability 58 258 11 17.7% 78.9% 3.4% 27. Were you ever in foster care? 140 `-. 28. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? ~. 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VII' Mental Illness Results Less than 6th Grade 6.3% Less than high school diploma 30.5% High school diploma/GED 35.6% Some college, no degree 16.9% AA degree I technical certificate 5.4% BA degree or above 2.7% Graduate or professional degree 2.4% Total 331 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll•free Telephone Help Line? 141 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results Appendix VIII: Survey Profile Results by Length of Homelessness 1. Age ~. 13-17 years 1.2% 0.8% ,1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 18-21 years 7.1% 0.8% 2.6% 2.4% 3.5% 22-30 years 25.0% 27.8% 20.5% 20.2% 7.0% 31-00 years 27.4% 27.0% 23.1 % 24.2% 35.1 41-50 years 25.6% 34.9% 33.3% 32.3% 29.8% 51-60 years 11.9% 6.3% 11.5% 16.1% 22.8% More than 60 years 1.8% 2.4% 7.7% 4.8% 1.8% Total 168 126 78 124 57 2. Which racial 1 ethnic group do you identify with the most? .. White/Caucasian 45.9% 37.3% 37.2% 44.4% 50.9% Black/AfricanAmedcan 18.8% 34.1% 25.6% 26.6% 21.1% HispaniclLatino 22.9% 19.0% 28.2% 26.6% 15.8% American IndianlAlaskan Native 1.8% 4.8% 1.3% 0.8% 0.0% Asian 0.0% 8% 2.6% 0.0% 1.8% Pacific Islander 1.2% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% OthedMulti-ethnic 9.4% 2.4% 5.1% 1.6% 10.5% Total 170 126 78 124 57 ~~ 3 142 3. How do you identify yourself? 4. Have you ever served in the United States Armed Forces? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results No 89.9% 86.4% 79.2% 79.5% 80.0% Total 168 125 77 122 55 4a. Did you serve in the regular military or in a National Guard or military reserve unit? .. Regular Military 7 6% 8.7% 16.7% 17.6% 15.8% National Guard 1.8% 3.9% 1.3% 1.6% 1.8% Reserve 6% 8% 2.6% 8% 0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total Cases 171 127 78 125 57 Total Responses 188 144 94 150 67 4b. What is your discharge status? .. Honorable 58.8% 64.7% 56.3% 70.8% 54.5% General 17.6% 11.8% 25.0% 25.0% 18.2% Other than Honorable 11.8% 5.9% 6.3% 4.2% 9.1 Dishonorable 0.0% 17.6% 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% Other 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 91% Don't know 0.0°/a 0.0% 12.5% 0% 0.0% Total 17 17 16 24 11 5. Are you widow or widower of a veteran of the United States Armed Forces? 6. Do you live with: 143 6. Do you live alone without family, partner, or friends? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Len th Homeless Results Spouse or partner 21.4% 26.7% 30.0% 18.1 % 14.3% Child/children 19 4% 11 7% 7.5% 15.3% 8.6% Parent or legal guardian 3.1 % 3.3% 2.5% 2.8% 0.0% Other family member(s) 10.2% 10.0% 15.0% 16.7% 2.9% Friend(s) 21.4% 38.3% 37.5% 34.7% 25.7% Other 37.8% 25.0% 25.0% 40.3% 57.1% Total Cases 98 60 40 72 35 Total Responses 111 69 47 92 38 7. Where do you usually stay at night? ~. Outdoors/streetslparks 18.0% 27.8% 28.2% 25.0% 24.6% Automobile 7.2% 8.7% 6.4% 1.6% 1.8% Unconverted Garage/atticlbasement 4.2% 4.0% 2.6% 4.8% 1.8% Backyard or storage structure 3.0% 1.6% 2.6% 3.2% 3.5% Abandoned building 5.4% 6.3% 6.4% 4.8% 10.5% Motelmotel 6.6% 11.1% 7.7% 10.5% 5.3% A place in a house not normally used for sleeping 7.2% 5.6% 15.4% 10.5% 7.0% Emergency shelter 11.4% 7.1% 3.8% 5.6% 14.0% Transitional housing 12 0% 71 % 7 7% 9.7% 3.5% Other shelter 7.8% 4.8% 2.6% 10.5% 5.3% Public facilities 1.8% 2.4% .0% .0% 1.8% Encampment 1.8% .8% 6.4% 1.6% 1.8% Other 7.8% 5.6% 3.8% 8.9% 12.3% Van 3.0°/a 2.4% 5.1% 8°/a .0% Camper 3.0% 4.8% 1.3% 2.4% 7.0% Total 167 126 78 124 57 8. Is this the first time you have been homeless? Response 3 Months or 4.8 months 9.12 1 - 3 years + 3 years 144 8a. In the last 12 months how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results One time 68 6% 68.5% 64.1 % 65.3% 54.4% 2times 12.4% 15.0% 14.1% 11.3% 10.5% 3 times 11.8% 4.7% 3.8% 9.7% 5.3% 4 times 3.6% 3.9% 2.6% 2.4% 5.3% Stimes 6% 3.1% 6.4% 3.2% 7.0% 6 times 6% 1.6% 0% 8% 5.3% More than 6 times 2.4% 3.1 % 9.0% 7.3% 12.3% Total t69 127 78 124 57 8b. In the last 3 years how many times have you been homeless, including this present time? ~. One time 55'6% 56.7% 57.7% 47.2% 38.6% 2 times 16.4% 16.5% 11.5% 12.8% 12.3% 3 times 12.3% 8.7% 3.8% 13.6% 10.5% 46mes 5.3% 3.9% 2.6% 10.4% 7.0% 5 times 4.1 % 7.1 % 6.4% 3.2% 3.5% 6fimes 0.0% 1.6% 5.1% 8% 1.8% More than 6 times 6.4% 5.5% 12.8% 12.0% 26.3% Total 171 127 78 125 57 9. How long have you been homeless since you last lived in a permanent housing situation? .. 7 days or less 17.0% 0.0% ' 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8 -30 days 24.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2 months 32.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3 months 25.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4 months 0.0% 27.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5 months 0.0% 24.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6 months 0.0% 29.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7months 0.0% 18.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Bmonths 0.0% 0.0% 32.1% 0.0% 0.0% 9 months 0.0% 0.0% 25.6% 0.0% 0.0% 10 months 0.0% 0.0% 21.8% 0.0% 0.0% 11 months 0.0% 0.0% 20.5% 0.0% 0.0% 12 months 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 32.0% 0.0% 1-2 years 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 68.0% 0.0% 2-3 years 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 145 ::_~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Lenoth Homeless Results Total ~ 171 I 127 I 78 ~ 125 57 10. Where were you living at the time you most recently became homeless? ~. San Bernardino County 69.0% 85.0% 73.1 % 75.2% 73.7% Los Angeles County 8.8% 6.3% 14.1% 8.8% 7.0% Riverside County 10.5% 1.6% 6.4% 6.4% 5.3% Other county in California 4.7% 8% 6.4% 1.6% 7.0% Out of State 7.0% 6.3% .0% 8.0% 7.0% Total 171 127 76 125 57 10a. How long had you lived in San Bernardino County before becoming homeless? .. 7 days or less 2S% 2.8% ' 1.8% 1.1 % 0.0% 8- 30 days 3.4% 3.7% 3.5% 1.1 % 2.4% 1-3months 3.4% 2.8% 3.5% 2.1% 2.4% 4 - 6 months 3.4% 8.3% t.8% 2.1 % 0.0% 7 -11 months 5.9% 3.7% 3.5% 5.3% 0.0% 1 - 2 years 13.6% 12.0% 14.0% 12.8% 9.5% 3 - 5 years 15.3% 14.8% 15.8% 11.7% 19.0% 6-10 years 5.1% 11.1% 14.0% 10.6% 9.5% More than 10 years 47.5% 40.7% 42.1 % 53.2% 57.1 Total 118 108 57 94 42 10b. What was the primary reason you came to San Bernardino County? ~. Forajob/seeking work 24S% 21.1% 10.0% 13.8% 13.3% I was born or grew up here 11.3% 5.3% 10.0% 10.3% 0.0% My family and/or friends are here 15.1 % 21.1 % 10.0% 24.1 % 33.3% I was traveling and got stranded 9.4% 21.1 % 5.0% 10.3% 0.0% I visited and decided to stay 7.5% 5.3% 10.0% 3.4% 20.0% To access homeless services 5.7% 0.0% 10.0% 6.9% 0.0% I was forced out of my 1.9% 5.3% 10.0% 3.4% 0.0% I am just passing through 7.5% 5.3% 10.0% 10.3% 6.7% Weatherlclimate 1.9% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% Other 11.3% 15.8% 20.0% 13.8% 20.0% To access VA services 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 3.4% 6.7% 146 j .~ _~ °. 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Ap pendix VIII: Length Homeless Results Total 53 19 20 29 15 11. Immediately before you became homeless this last time, were you: ~. Living in a home owned by 10 6% 7.1 % 15.4% 9.6% 10.5% Renting a home or apartment 32.9% 27.6% 26.9% 34.4% 26.3% Staying with friends 12.9% 15.7% 15.4% 17.6% 26.3% Living with relatives 20.6% 27.6% 15.4% 16.0% 14.0% Living in subsidized housing 3.5% 0.8% 1.3% 3.2% 0.0% In jail or prison 8.2% 9.4% 11.5% 11.2% 15.8% In a hospital 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% In a substance abuse 4.7% 2.4% 5.1 % 3.2% 1.8% In foster care 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Other 4.7% 7.9% 9.0% 4.0% 3.5% In a mental health facility 0.6% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 1.8% Total 170 127 78 125 57 12. What do you think is the primary event or condition that led to your homelessness? .. Lostjob 34.5% 27.8°/a 18.2% 21.6°/a 15.8% Landlord raised rent 3.5% 3.2% 3.9% 3.2% 3.5% Alcohol or drug use 19.9% 17.5% 27.3% 30.4% 26.3% Illness or medical problem 0.0% 2.4% 3.9% 3.2% 3.5% Mental health issues 2.3% 4.0% 2.6% 3.2% 7.0% Familyl domestic violence 7.0% 4.0% 3.9% 3.2% 5.3% Incarceration 5.3% 7.9% 5.2% 7.2% 8.8% Got too old for foster care 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.8% Divorced or separated 1.2% 2.4% 2.6% 1.6% 1.8% Don't Knowl decline to state 2.3% 4.8% 0.0% 3.2% 1.8% Other 7.0% 7.1 % 6.5% 8.0% 10.5% Landlord sold/stopped renting or re- used property 7.6% 1.6% 2.6% 4.8% 3.5% Hospitalizationltreatment program 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 1 8% Argument/family or fdend asked you to leave 6.4% 11.9% 19.5% 5.6% 7.0% Hurricane Katrina 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Other natural disasterl fire/ flood 1.2% 0.0% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% For being Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 147 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Len th Homeless Results Gambling problem 1.2% 0.0% 1.3% 1.6% 0.0% Foreclosure on home due 0.0% 2.4% 1.3% 2.4% 1.8% Total 171 126 77 125 57 13. What is keeping you from getting permanent housing? ~. Can't afford rent 40.0% 46.5% 48.7% 52.0% 57.9% No job I no income 52.4% 55.1 % 60.3% 52.8% 54.4% No money for moving costs 29.4% 27.6% 30.8% 27.2% 38.6% No housing available 6.5% 2.4% 6.4% 4.0% 8.8% No transportation 20.0% 16.5% 28.2% 21.6% 40.4% Bad credit 16.5% 22.8% 20.5% 20.0% 22.8% Eviction record 11.8% 8.7% 12.8% 8.8% 12.3% Criminal record 11.8% 7.9% 20.5% 16.0% 24.6% Don't want to 2.9% 3.9% 6.4% 3.2% 1.8% Other 10.0% 15.7% 19.2% 10.4% 15.8% Total Cases 170 127 78 125 57 Total Responses 342 263 198 270 158 14. Are you currently using any of the following services/ assistance? .. Emergency shelter 23.5% 16.1 % 16.7% 16.0% 26.8% Transitional housing 15.3% 8.9% 11.5% 13.6% 10.7% Free meals 37.6% 47.6% 35.9% 42.4% 50.0% Food pantry 23.5% 25.0% 24.4% 29.6% 19.6% Bus passes 16.5% 8.1% 19.2% 15.2% 21.4% Job training 6.5% 4.0% 6.4% 2.4% 5.4% Alcohol /Drug counseling 17.1 % 10.5% 9.0% 16.0% 16.1 Shelter day services 11.2% 10.5% 14.1 % 9.6% 26.8% Legal assistance 5.9% 1.6% 7.7% 5.6% 3.6% Health services 8.8% 4.0% 9.0% 7.2% 10.7% Mental health services 9.4% 10.5% 12.8% 8.8% 19.6% Other 11.2% 11.3% 16.7% 12.0% 10.7% Not using any services 24.1% 21.8% 29.5% 28.8% 19.6% Total Cases 170 124 78 125 56 Total Responses 358 223 166 259 135 148 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results 15. Are you currently receiving any of the following forms of government assistance? ~. General Relief 5.9% 3.2% ,5.1% 5.6% 5.3% Food Stamps 28.2% 21.4% 26.9% 27.4% 36.8% Medi-CallMedi-Care 11.8% 7.9% 11.5% 9.7% 10.5% SSI (Supplemental Security Income)ISSDI 7.6% 10.3% 10.3% 6.5% 12.3% Cash Aid ICaIWORKS 7.1% 3.2% 1.3% 4.8% 5.3% Veteran's Benefits 1.2% 3.2% 2.6% 4.0% 00% I am not currently receiving any of these 50.6% 57.9% 53.8% 54.8% 43.9% WIC 7.1% 1.6% 1.3% 2.4% 1.8% VA Disability Compensation 1.8% 2.4% 3.8% 1.6% 1.8% Social Security 4.1% 3.2% 3.8% 4.0% 3.5% Othergovemmenlalassistance 4.1% 5.6% 3.8% 4.0% 00% Total Cases 170 126 78 124 57 Total Responses 220 151 97 155 69 15a. If you are not receiving any government assistance, why not? .. Don't think I'm eligible 22 6% 23.3% 19.5% 27.3% 40.0% Have no ID 15.5% 16.4% 24.4% 22.7% 24.0% No permanent address 16.7% 17.8% 26.8% 22.7% 28.0% No transportation 11.9% 8.2% 7.3% 16.7% 16.0% Never applied 11.9% 24.7% 17.1% 18.2% 12.0% Benefits were cut off 4.8% 2.7% .0% 7.6% 12.0% I have applied and I am currently waiting for approval 13.1 % 5.5% 2.4% 6.1 % 4.0% Don't know where to go 2.4% 8.2% 4.9% 7.6% 8.0% Tumeddown 13.1% 15.1% 14.6% 13.6% 8.0% Will apply soon 13.1% 6.8% 17.1% 13.6% 8.0% Don't need government assistance 3.6% 9.6% 7.3% 9.1 % 12.0% Paper work too difficult 4.8% 5.5% 12.2% 7.6% 8.0% Immigration issues 2.4% 1.4% 2.4% 0% 4.0% I am afraid my children will be taken away from me 2.4% 1.4% 0% 3.0% 4.0% Other 15.5% 13.7% 31.7% 16.7% 8.0% Total Cases 84 73 41 66 25 Total Responses 129 117 77 127 49 149 ';:.1 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Len th Homeless Results 16. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all Government benefits? ~. Zero 52.7% 60.3% 51.3% 59.3% 55.4% $1 - $100 4.8% 4.0% 6.6% 2.4% 1.8% $101-$200 13.9% 7.1% 11.8% 13.0% 12.5% $201 - $300 4.2% 4.8% 3.9% 3.3% 3.6% $301 - $400 3.6% 3.2% 1.3% 5.7% 1.8% $401 - $500 1.8% 00% 2.6% 1.6% 3.6% $501 -$600 4.2% 5.6% 5.3% 3.3% 1.8% $601 - $700 1.8% 1.6% 2.6% 08% 5.4% $701 -$800 3.6% 3.2% 3.9% 3.3% 5.4% $801 -$900 3.0% 4.0% 2.6°/a 4.1% 3.6% $901-$1000 1.8% 4.8% 3.9% 1.6% 5.4% Over $1000 4.2% 1.6% 3.9% 1.6% 0.0 Total 165 126 76 123 56 17. Are you currently employed? .. Need education 19.4% 14.3% 18.6% 21.5% 22.0% Need training 22.9% 21.4% 25.7% 19.6% 28.0% Need clothing 20.1% 19.6% 21.4% 26.2% 30.0% No shower facilities 11.1% 10.7% 18.6% 12.1% 16.0% No phone 27.1 % 22.3% 40.0% 26.2% 36.0% Health problems 10.4% 6.3% 14.3% 14.0% 18.0% Disabled 11.1% 17.9% 12.9% 10.3% 16.0% Criminal record 11.1% 17.0% 15.7% 26.2% 22.0% No permanent address 33.3% 33.0% 41.4% 37.4% 40.0% No transponation 30.6% 26.8% 30.0% 34.6% 46.0% No tools for trade 8.3% 7.1 % 5.7% 12.1 % 10.0% No work permit (No S.S. #) 4.2% 9% 2.9% 9% 2.0% 150 jt 3 ;a 17a. What is keeping you from getting employment? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results Don't want to work 1.4% 9.8% 4.3% 1.9% 4.0% Nojobs 11.1% 8.9% 11.4% 15.0% 16.0% No child care 3.5% 1.8% 1.4% 5.6% 6.0% Retired 07% 00% 2.9% 09% 2.0% Other 13.9% 15.2% 25.7% 24.3% 16.0% Alcohol /drug issue 21.5% 23.2% 34.3% 29.0% 24.0% No photo identification 11.1% 16.1% 18.6% 9.3% 20.0% Spouselpartner doesn't want me to work 00% 1.8% 00% 2.8% 00% Total Cases 144 112 70 107 50 Total Responses 393 307 242 353 187 18. What are your other sources of income? .. Family /friends 30 6% 21.4% 24.3% 35.1 % 25.5% Pension 2.0% 09% 1.4% 09% 21% Child support 00% 09% 00% 0.0% 0.0% Recycling 35.4% 45.3% 40.5% 40.4% 57.4% Selling other found items 8.2% 10.3% 18.9% t0.5% 23.4% Selling blood I plasma 7.5% 7.7% 5.4% 10.5% 10.6% Sex work 2.7% 6.6% 4.1 % 4.4% 4.3% Other 36.1 % 31.6% 44.6% 36.8% 36.2% Gambling 1.4% 2.6% 5.4% 9% 10.6% Panhandling 15.0% 27.4% 29.7% 31.6% 34.0% Total Cases 147 117 74 114 47 Total Responses 204 181 129 195 96 19. What is your total (gross) monthly income from all non-Government sources? .. Zero 34.1% 31.0% 26.0% 30.6% 33.9% $1-$100 23.2% 18.3% 15.6% 21.5% 21.4% $101 -$200 12.2% 15.9% 14.3% 11.6% 5.4% $201 - $300 8.5% 13.5% 18.2% 10.7% 12.5% $301 - $400 3.7% 8.7% 9.1 % 8.3% 7.1 $401 - $500 3.0% 7.1 % 3.9% 5.8% 1.8% $501 -$600 4.9% 1.6% 3.9% 3.3% 5.4% $601 - $700 1.2% 1.6% 2.6% 2.5% 3.6% $701 -$800 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% 3.6% 151 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Length Homeless Results $801 - $900 2.4% 0.0% 1.3% 1.7% 0.0% $901 -$1000 0.0% 2.4% 1.3% 0.8% 1.8% Over$1000 5.5% 0.0% 3.9% 0.8% 3.6% Total 164 126 77 121 56 20. Are you on the waiting list for Section 8 Housing? Yes 17.0% 8.7% 9.0% 8.1% 19.3% No 83.0% 91.3% 91.0% 91.9% 80.7% Total 171 127 78 124 57 20a. How long have you been on the section 8 waiting list? (Total in months) .. 1 month 47 8% 50.0% 25.0% 66.7% 50.0% 2 -12 months 26.1 % 20.0% 0.0% 11.1 % 12.5% 13-24 months 8.7% •0.0% 25.0% 11.1% 12.5% 25 - 36 months 4.3% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 12.5% 37 - 48 months 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 11.1 % 0.0% 49 months or more 13.0% 10.0% 25.0% 0.0% 12.5% Total 23 10 4 9 g 21. Do you have any children, living with you or not? .. 18 or over living with you? 26 8% 31.8% 33.3% 14.8% 0.0% In foster care? 24.4% 27.3% 60.0% 33.3% 42.9% 0 - 5 years living with you? 31.7% 40.9% 40.0% 25.9% 42.9% 6 -12 years living with you? 41.5% 31.8% 20.0% 33.3% 0.0% 13 -17 years living with you? 24.4% 9.1 % 6.7% 11.1 % 28.6% Total Cases 41 22 15 27 7 Total Responses 61 31 24 32 8 152 21a. Do.you have any children who are? 2007 San Bernardino Countv Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII Length Homeless Results 21a-1. How many children do you have 18 years old or over living with you? ~. One child 44.4% 40.0% 40.0% 25.0% 0.0% Two children 33.3% 60.0% 0.0% 50.0% 0.0% Three children 0.0% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% Four children 11.1% 0.0% 40.0% 25.0% 0.0% Six or more children 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 9 5 5 4 0 21a-2. How many children do you have in foster care? .. One child 20 0% 25.0% 71.4% 11.1% 0.0% Two children 60.0% 25.0% 14.3% 55.6% 33.3% Three children 10.0% 25.0% 0.0% 11.1 % 33.3% Faurchildren 0.0% 0.0% 14.3% 11.1% 33.3% Five children 10.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Six or more children 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.1 % 0.0% Total 10 4 7 9 3 21a-3. How many children do you have 0 - 5 years old living with you? .. Ono child 56.3% 55.6% 50.0% 54.5% 75.0% Two children 37.5% 33.3% 50.0% 45.5% 25.0% Five children 0.0% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Six or more children 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 16 9 6 11 4 21a-0. How many children do you have 6 -12 years old living with you? ~. One child 52 9% 42.9% 66.7% 55.6% 0.0% Two children 23.5% 14.3% 33.3% 44.4% 0.0% Three children 11.8% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Four children 0.0% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Six or more children 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total 17 7 3 9 0 21a-5. How many children do you have 13 -17 years old living with you? 153 =; ~~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results 23. Where do you usually get medical care? ~. Hospital emergency room 53.0% 42.7% ' 45.5% 42.7% 52.6% Urgent care clinic 4.3% 3.2% 1.3% 1.6% 5.3% Public health clinic 3.0% 7.3% 3.9% 4.0% 1.8% Veterans Affairs Clinic 3.7% 7.3% 3.9% 7.3% 3.5% Free clinic/community clinic 8.5% 7.3% 10.4% 11.3% 14.0% Private doctor 5.5% 5.6% 3.9% 5.6% 8.8% Friends /family 1.8% 1.6% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% Oon't ever go 15.2% 18.5% 24.7% 22.6% 10.5% Other 4.9% 6.5% 6.5% 3.2% 3.5% Total 164 124 77 124 57 154 `9 C Are your children, ages 6 to 17 and living with you, in school? 22. Since you became homeless this last time, have you needed medical care and been unable to receive it? 23a. How many times in the last 12 months have you used the emergency room for any treatment? 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Len th Homeless Results 1 time 19.0% 13.2% 16.0% 16.4% 23.2% 2 times 15.3% 13.2% 16.0% 14.8% 7.1 3 times 8 0% 9.1 % 10.7% 11.5% 14.3% 4times 6.1% 5.0% 2.7% 4.1% 10.7% 5 times 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 3.6% More than 5 times 5.5% 2.5% 2.7% 4.1 % 3.6% Total 163 121 75 122 56 24. How many nights, if any, have you spent in jail or prison during the last 12 months? ~. 0 nights 67.3% 65.8% 64.5% 58.7% 56.4% 1-5 nights 10.1% 14.2% 7.9% 7.4% 7.3% 6 -10 nlghtS 4.4% 3.3% 5.3% 5.8% 3.6% 11 -20 nights 3.8% 1.7% 5.3% 3.3% 1.8% 21-50 nights 3.1% 6.7% 2.6% 9.1% 5.5% More than 50 nights 11.3% 8.3% 14.5% 15.7% 25.5% Total 159 120 76 121 55 25. Are you currently on probation or parole? 155 25a. Were you on probation or parole at the time you most recently became homeless? 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: (3 Months or less) ;,:~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Length Homeless Results 26b. Mental illness 32 121 7 20.0% 75.6% 4.4% 26c. Depression 69 91 3 42.3% 55.8% 1.8% 26d. Alcohol abuse 42 114 4 26.3% 71.3% 2.5% 26e. Drug abuse 35 119 7 21.7% 73.9% 4.3% 26f. Domesticlpartnervtolence or abuse 14 137 7 8.9% 86.7% 4.4% 26g. Chronic health problems 28 131 5 17.1% 79.9% 3.0% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 3 148 8 1.9% 93.1% 5.0% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 15 136 7 9.5% 86.1% 4.4% 26j. Developmental disability 18 135 9 11.1 % 83.3% 5.6% 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: (4 - 8 months) 26a. Physical disability 32 88 ~- -~ 2 26.2% 72.1% 1.6% 26b. Mental illness 29 87 5 24.0% 71.9% 4.1% 26c. Depression 49 73 2 39.5% 58.9% 1.6% 26d. Alcohol abuse 46 73 5 37.1% 58.9% 4.0% 26e. Drug abuse 48 68 6 39.3% 55.7°/a 4.9% 26f. Domestic/parlnervtolence or abuse 10 108 2 8.3% 90.0% 1.7% 26g. Chronic health problems 15 102 3 12.5% 85.0% 2.5% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 2 111 7 1.7% 92.5% 5.8% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 12 106 3 J r 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Len th Homeless Results 9.9% 87.6% 2.5% 26j. Developmental disability 11 109 4 8.9% 87.9% 3.2% 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: (9.12 months) 26a. Physical disability 13 64 ~- -~ 1 16.7% 82.1 % 1.3% 26b. Mental illness 16 57 5 20.5% 73.1% 6.4% 26c. Depression 34 40 4 43.6% 51.3% 5.1% 26d. Alcohol abuse 24 49 5 30.8% 62.8% 6.4% 26e. Drug abuse 26 45 7 33.3% 57.7% 9.0% 26f. Domestic/partnerviolence orabuse 9 65 3 11.7% 84.4% 3.9% 26g. Chronic health problems 13 62 3 16.7% 79.5% 3.8% 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 4 68 6 5.1% 87.2% 7.7% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 8 68 2 10.3% 87.2% 2.6% 26j. Developmental disability 5 70 2 6.5% 90.9% 2.6% 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: (1 - 3 years) 26a. Physical disability 29 89 ~- -. 5 23.6% 72.4% 4.1% 26b. Mental illness 27 81 14 22.1% 66.4% 11.5% 26c. Depression 56 65 2 45.5% 52.8% 1.6°/a 26d. Alcohol abuse 46 69 6 38.0% 57.0% 5.0% 157 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII: Len th Homeless Results 26e. Drug abuse 43 74 4 35.5% 61.2% 3.3% 26f. Domestidpartneruiolence or abuse 9 108 5 7.4% 88.5% 4.1 26g. Chronic health problems 18 103 3 14.5% 83.1% 2.4% 26h. AIDS/HIV related illness 1 117 4 0.8% 95.9% 3.3% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 11 106 5 9.0% 86.9% 4.1% 26j. Developmental disability 8 105 6 6.7% 88.2% 5.0% 26. Are you currently experiencing any of the following: (+ 3 years) 26a. Physical disability 18 34 ~• -, 4 32.1% 60.7% 7.1% 26b. Mental illness 20 32 3 36.4% 58.2% 5.5% 26c. Depression 29 27 1 50.9% 47.4% 1.8% 26d. Alcohol abuse 18 36 3 31.6% 63.2% 5.3% 26e. Drug abuse 28 27 1 50.0% 48.2% 1.8% 26f. Domesticlpartnerviolence orabuse 6 46 4 10.7% 82.1% 7.1% 26g. Chronic health problems 13 40 3 23.2% 71.4% 5.4°/a 26h. AIDSIHIV related illness 1 51 4 1.8% 91.1% 7.1% 26i. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 9 44 2 16.4% 80.0% 3.6% 26j. Developmental disability 12 43 1 21.4% 76.8% 1.8% j 158 ''.~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix VIII• Length Homeless Results 27. Were you ever in foster care? .. Less than 6th Grade 2.4% 8.7% ' 1.3% 1.6% 5.4% Less than high school diploma 30.5% 39.4% 30.8% 33.6% 26.8% High school diploma/GED 37.1% 37.0% 37.2% 39.3% 41.1% Some college, no degree 20.4% 11.8% 17.9% 16.4% 16.1 AA degree /technical certificate 4.2% 0.8% 10.3% 5.7% 8.9% BA degree or above 2.4% 0.8% 1.3% 2.5% 1.8% Graduate or professional degree 3.0% 1.6% 1.3% 0.8% 0.0% Total 167 127 78 122 56 29. Are you aware of the San Bernardino County 211 Toll-free Telephone Help Line? 159 28. What is the highest level of education you have completed? 29a. Have you ever used the San Bernardino County 211 Help Line? =;~ 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey Appendix IX: Definitions Appendix IX: Definitions Census Tract - A small, relatively permanent statistical subdivision of a county used for the purpose of presenting data. Census tract boundaries normally follow visible features, but may follow governmental unit boundaries and other non-visible features in some instances. The spatial size of census tracts varies widely depending on the density of settlement, ranging from 2,000 to 8,000 inhabitants (an average of about 4,000 inhabitants is preferred). Chronic Homelessness is defined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs as "an unaccompanied homeless individual with a disabling condition who has either been continuously homeless for a year or more, or has had at least four episodes of homelessness in the past three years." Emergency shelter is the provision of a safe alternative to the streets, either in a shelter facility, or through the use of motel vouchers. Emergency shelter is short-term, usually for 30 days or less. Domestic violence shelters are considered emergency shelter, as they provide safe, immediate housing for victims and their children. Homeless Persons, according to the Stewart B. McKinney Act of 1987, are people who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence, and have a primary nighttime residence that is either a public or private shelter, an institution that provides temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized, or a public or private Location that is not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings. Transitional housing is more long-term housing, and can last up to two years. Transitional housing requires that the resident participate in a structured program to work toward the established goals so that they can move on to permanent housing. Residents are often provided with an array of supportive services to assist them in meeting goals. In transitional housing, residents may or may not pay cent. .i 160 -' 3 ;3 .4~ ,~ 1 ~: ~ ') r 1 j l 'l '. ': ~ Helping People. Changing Lives. community Action® P A R T N E R S H/ P AMERICNS POVERTY FILMING NkIWORK Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County For more information about this report, please contact: Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County (CAPSBC) 696 S. Tippecanoe Avenue San Bernardino, CA 92415-0610 909-723-5190 http://www.co son-Bernard ino.ca.us/csd/homeless.htm or 4~~ SR AM'1lF 'UR\'EY RESEARCH Applied Survey Research P.O. Box 1927 Watsonville, California 95077 (831)728-1356 Fax: (831)728-3374 http://www.appliedsurveyresearch.org ASR is a nonprofit social research firm dedicated to helping people build better communities. ASR gives communities and organizations the information they need to make informed strategic decisions through assessments, evaluations, and other forms of research, employing current best practices in data collection, analysis, and presentation. We work to ensure that study results exceed requirements by carrying out the highest quality research through each stage of the project in order to achieve valid, credible, and useful results. We strive to promote and maintain close working relationships between our organization and our clients. Vision Fulfilling the promise of Community Action--building healthy ~i communities in the spirit of dignity and hope, free from poverty. Mission Working in partnership with the San Bernardino communities to support low-income residents achieving self-sufficiency. The Promise Community Action changes people's lives, embodies the spirit of hope, improves communities, and makes America a better place to live. We care about the entire community, and we are dedicated to helping people help themselves and each other. Helping People. Changing Lives community Action® P A R T N E R S H I P AMERIfJCS POVERTY FIGHTING NETWORK Community Action Partnership of San Bernardino County 696 S. Tippecanoe Avenue San Bernardino, CA 92415 (909) 723-1500 www.sbcounty.gov/capsbc Exhibit D City of San Bernardino 2007/2008 Consolidated Annual Performance Evaluation and Report (CAPER) by the City's Economic Development Agency SM CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO 200712008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT (CAPER) ~~ A. Narrative Statement TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................. B. Assessment of 2007-2008 Goals and Objectives Housing and Community Development Strategic Plan Objectives....... HIGH PRIORITY #1: Preservation and Rehabilitation of Existing Single-Family Units City of San Bemardino Housing Programs .......................................................................................................... Single Family Exterior Beautification Grant Program ......................................................................................... Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Grant Program ........................................................................................... Utility Assistance Program .................................................................................................................................. Mobile Home Grant Program .............................................................................................................................. Neighborhood Revitalization Program ................................................................................................................. HIGH PRIORITY #2: Expand Homebuyer Opportunities and Assist Homebuyers with [he Purchase of Affordable Permanent Housing (Existing and New Construction) City of San Bernardino/Redevelopment Agency Housing Programs ................................................................... Homebuyer Assistance Program ......................................................................................................................... Homebuyer Education and Financial Counseling ................................................................................................ HIGH PRIORITY #3: Provide Rental Assistance and Preserve Existing Affordable Rental Housing Rental Assistance Program .................................................................................................................................. Housing Authority of San Bemardino County ..................................................................................................... a. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher (HCV)Program ...................................................................................... b. Public Housing (Capital Fund) ........................................................................................................................ c. Homeownership Program ................................................................................................................................ d. Multi-Unit Rental Senior Projects ................................................................................................................... HIGIi PRIORITY #4: Assist Homeless and Special Needs Persons with Supportive Services Continuum of Care Strategy for the [iomeless .................................................................................................... HIGH PRIORITY #5: Expansion of Affordable Housing Opportunities through New Construction Housing Development Projects ............................................................................................................................ AHEPA National Housing Corporation (Multi-Unit Senior Housing)........._ ...................................................... ANR Industries, Ina (Meadowbrook Area) Phase II (Infill Single Family Housing) .......................................... AGA Properties LLC - 6'" & G Streets ................................................................................................................ Arroyo Valley Community Economic Development Corporation ....................................................................... GFC Enterprises - Lymvood Housing Development ............................................................................................ Mary's Mercy Inc. -Veronica's Home (Transitional Housing) ........................................................................... St. Bernardine Plaza ............................................................................................................................................. Telacu Development LLC (Infill Single Family Homes .............._...................................................................... Telacu Senior Housing IV (Highland/Central Avenues) ...................................................................................... Telacu Senior IIousing V (4'" & H Streets) .......................................................................................................... Non-Housing Community Objectives .................................................................................................................. HIGH PRIORITY #6: Promotion of Economic Development and Employment Opportunities for Low and Moderate Income Households Strategies for Increasing Economic Development ............................................................................................... Business Utility User's Tax Rebate Program ....................................................................................................... Economic Development Action Team ................................................................................................................. Development Projects .......................................................................................................................................... Arcowhead Central Credit Union ......................................................................................................................... Hillwood-Culligan ............................................................................................................................................... Inland Behavioral and Health Service, Inc ........................................................................................................... Inland Regional Center ........................................................................................................................................ La Placita on 2"d Street ........................................................................................................................................ Perris Campus Plaza ............................................................................................................................................ Young Electric Sign Company, Inc. (YF.SCO) .................................................................................................... 13 13 13 13 13 13 l4 14 14 14 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 HIGH PRIORITY #7: Expand and Improve Existing Infrastructure to Meet Current & Future Needs.. 19 TABLE OF CONTENTS HIGH PRIORITY #8: Elimination of Impediments to Fair Housing through Education, Enforcement and Testing Aff rmatively Further Fair Housing ..................................................................................................................... A[ Recommendation and Actions Undertaken in Program Year 2007/2008 ........................................................ Affordable Housing ............................................................................................................................................. Continuum of Care ............................................................................................................................................... Other Considerations ........................................................................................................................................... Leveraging Resources .......................................................................................................................................... C. Section 108 and Ploat Loans ................................................................................................................................ North Arden Guthrie - Retail/Entertainment Shopping Center ............................................................................ D. Citizen Comments ................................................................................................................................................ E. Self-Evaluation ................................................................................................................... F. Community Development Block Grant ............................................................................................................... G. HOME Program .................................................................................................................................................. H. Emergency Shelter Graut (ESG) Program .......................................................................................................... T. Public Participation Requirements ...................................................................................................................... J. Community Development Citizen Advisory Committee (CDCAC) ................................................................... CHARTS 20 21 23 23 23 24 25 25 2G 26 27 28 28 28 29 High Priority # I: Preservation and Rehabilitation of Existing Single-Family Units ....................................................... ...........5 High Priority #2: Expand Homebuyer Opportunities and Assist Homebuyers with the Purchase of Affordable Permanent Housing (Existing and New Construction) ........_ ....................... ...........7 High Priority #3: Provide Rental Assistance and Preserve Existing Affordable Rental Housing ................................... ...........9 High Priority #4: Assist the Homeless and Special Needs Persons with Supportive Services ........................................ .........12 High Priority #5: Expansion of"Affordable" Housing Opportunities for I.ow-Income Large Families Primarily Through New Construction ................................................................................................................. .........14 High Priority #6A: Business Incentive Grant Program ...................................................................................................... .........17 High Priority #6B: CDBG Funded Business Organizations .............................................................................................. .........17 High Priority #6C: High Priority #6: Promotion of Economic Development and Employment Opportunities for Low- and Moderate-Income Households ............................................................................................ .........18 High Priority #7: Expand and Improve Existing Infrastructure to Meet Current and Fumre Needs ................................ .........19 High Priority #8: F.limina[ion of Impediments to Fair Housing through Education, Enforcement and Testing .............. .........20 Chart 9 Section 108 Loan and Float Loans and Float Loans .............................._............................................ .........26 APPENDICES Tab 2 Public Notice Citizen Participation Tab 3 HOME Match Report Tab 4 HOME Annual Performance Report (HUD-40107) Tab 5 HOME Affirmative Mazketing Actions Tab 6 Accomplishments by Activity/Program, Households, Income Categories and Ethnicity IRIS REPORTS Tab 7 COPR03 CDBG Activity Summary Report (GPR) Tab 8 COPR19 ESG Statistics Tab 9 COPR20 ESG Grantee Activity Summary Tab l0 COPR22 Status of HOME Activities Tab 11 COPR23 Summary of Accomplishments Tab 12 COPR25 Status of CHDO Funds Tab 13 COPR26 CDBG Financial Summary Tab 14 COPR27 Status of T-TOME Grants NARRATIVE STATEMENT The Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Report ("CAPER") is the City's progress, performance and evaluation report required by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ("HUD"). The CAPER for Fiscal Year ("FY") 2007-2008 identifies the level of progress and accomplishments in meeting the priorities (goals) and objectives of the grantee's Consolidated Plan over a 12-month period. The 2007-2008 CAPER begins the third year of the 2005-2010 Consolidated Plan. The quantifiable objectives required by the CAPER reflect information for housing and community development projects that were accomplished in the City of San Bernardino utilizing various funding sources including, but not limited to RDA funds that are administered by the Redevelopment Agency that also administers the City's federal programs and is responsible for developing and implementing affordable housing, community development, redevelopment and economic development in the City of San Bernardino. The CAPER will show information from four (4) entitlement programs that the City receives funds from HUD on an annual basis. Federal grant monies came from the following four (4) federal programs: In addition, the City's 2007/2008 CAPER will, to the best degree possible, detail the accomplishments and leveraging of private-venture capital resources to the various Housing and Economic Development Projects. ASSESSMENT OF 2007-2005 COALS AND OBJECTIVES HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC PLAN OBJECTNES In February 2005, the City identified housing and community development needs. Identified as the most urgent problems facing the City were: 1. Substandard housing conditions -This includes units with physical defects lacking complete kitchens or bathrooms. CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT 2. Cost burden -This includes cost burden to residents exceeding thirty percent (30%) of gross income or severe cost burden exceeding fifty percent (50%) of gross income. 3. Homeownership -The biggest hurdle to homeownership is down payment and closing costs. It is the City's intent to increase the overall ownership rate especially among minority groups and especially low- and moderate-income families. 4. Homeless needs -According to the 2007 San Bernazdino County Homeless Census and Survey, it is estimated that 17,551 persons were homeless some time during 2006. In San Bernardino County the survey counted 6,111 homeless persons living on the streets, and an additional 1,220 homeless persons in emergency shelters, transitional housing, using vouchers, and those in domestic violence shelters. Specific information on the homeless population in the City of San Bernardino is not available. In general, national estimates place the homeless population at approximately one percent (1%) of the population. Using this figure, an estimated 2,020 homeless persons may reside in the City of San Bernardino. As part of the 2007 Homeless Census and Survey, interviews were conducted with 697 homeless persons regazding demographics and their housing and service needs. Some of the more significant findings included: • The estimated point-in-time (daily) number of homeless residents in San Bernardino County in 2007 was 7,331. • During the homeless census count, eighty-three percent (83%) of the homeless persons were observed on the streets, of which thirty-one percent (31 %) were living in vehicles. The remaining seventeen percent (17%) were found in transitional housing facilities and emergency shelters. A bi-annual census is required under the terms of the McKinney-Vento Act so that local Continuums of Care can have reliable data on the homeless population in order to plan comprehensive local solutions to the problem of homelessness. In February 2007, Community Action Partnership of San Bernazdino County (CAPSBC) commissioned Applied Survey Research to conduct the second San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey. The comprehensive study, conducted with the financial support of eleven cities, the County of San Bernardino and private donors, was afollow-up to the first ever CAPSBC San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey, which was released in 2003. Overall, the results of the survey show that homelessness has increased thirty-nine percent (39%) in San Bernardino County since 2003. Based upon the results of the 2007 San Bernardino County Homeless Census and Survey, CAPSBC believes there are several specific actions that must be undertaken by those parties who are concerned about the issue of Homelessness in our community. Using the existing San Bernardino County Homeless Coalition Continuum of Care as a foundation, policies will set the stage for the next phase in the movement to reduce and eventually eliminate homelessness in San Bernardino County. 2 CITYOF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT HOUS/NC AND COMMUNITYDEVELOPMENT PRIORIT/ES The City of San Bernazdino has many important and often, competing housing, community service and economic development needs that must be addressed. In addition to the four (4) "urgent" needs identified above, eight (8) "high-priority" categories have been identified as a "strategic vision" or "long teen plan" to address housing and community development needs of the City. These needs are identified, detailed, and explained throughout the 2007-2008 CAPER. The City considers its first priority to improve the quality of life for its residents. The preservation and rehabilitation of existing single-family units is ranked as priority #1 as the provision to increase the number of existing single-family homes available to low and moderate income home buyers through activity, i.e., new construction, rehabilitation and homebuyer assistance programs. In order to assist owner occupied households who may be experiencing any one of a number of housing problems such as, code violations, health & safety issues or costs burden, the City continues to actively reseazch, develop and market a myriad of housing programs that include: single-family low-interest loans and/or grants, owner occupied beautification grants, emergency senior grants, mobile home repair grants, first time home buyer programs, infill housing programs, temporary rental assistance for displaced low-income families and utility assistance for very low- income families and/or individuals. Throughout the City, preservation and rehabilitation of the existing housing stock is a top priority. The City spearheads proactive Code Enforcement Compliance and provides financial assistance to property owners who cannot afford to maintain or rehabilitate their dwelling units. CITY OF SAN BERNARDINOHOUSINCPROGRAMS Single-Family Exterior Beautification Grant Program The Single-Family Exterior Beautification Grant Program assists homeowners who are occupying their dwellings and whose incomes do not exceed one hundred twenty percent (120%) of median income. The "grant" up to $15,000 is for exterior improvements to their Property. Property owners aze required to attend a "Preventative Maintenance" class conducted by one of the City's local non- profit partners, Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE). During Program Year 2007-2008, a total of 141 households benefited from the Beautification Grant Program and 2 households benefited from the Beautification Loan Program for a total low/moderate housing fund expenditure of $1,977,657. Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Grant Pro ram Old Timers Grant) The Old Timers Foundation, a local non-profit corporation, performs minor and emergency repairs to low-income homeowners (80% and below median income). The repairs do not exceed $1,000 per house. Requirements for eligibility state that the applicant be a senior aged 60, disabled or a recipient of SSI. During program year 2007-2008, twenty-seven (27) households benefited for a ClTYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT total of $69,397 in program administration, materials and labor costs. Repairs consisted of plumbing (i.e., sink fixtures); replacing doors, screens, and window glass; and minor electrical repairs. Outreach for the program is conducted at various Senior Centers throughout the City, and by word-of-mouth. Utility Assistance Program The Utility Assistance Program assists San Bernazdino City households that aze at fifty percent (50%) of Area Median Income (AMI) with utility payments. In Program Year 2007-2008, the City assisted 322 families and/or individuals. Total expenditure equaled $55,994 of low/moderate housing funds. Mobile Home Grant Program The Mobile Home Grant Program is for individuals who aze 60 years of age or disabled. The Grant is up to $5,000 and addresses Health and Safety Code issues. A total of 33 individuals were assisted with $161,751 in HOME Funds. Neighborhood Revitalization Program The Neighborhood Revitalization Program is an anti-blight, strategy program designed to improve neighborhoods experiencing severe deterioration. The Code Compliance Department and the Redevelopment Agency work in tandem with the Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE) in dividing the City into areas based on the City of San Bernazdino's Neighborhood Revitalization areas. The Code Compliance Department's main office receives calls for code enforcement, which are then forwarded to one of the two case officers assigned to each of the revitalization azeas from which the call came. There are currently six areas within the City of San Bernardino that the Code Compliance Department is concentrating their efforts. These azeas aze as follows: • Between West 14~h Street on the north, West 13~' Street on the east, North "K" Street on the west, and I-215 Freeway on the east • Between West Baseline Street on the north, West 9s' Street on the south, Western Avenue on the west, and North Mount Vernon Avenue on the east • Between 18`h Street on the north, 13~' Street on the south, North "D" Street on the west, and North Sierra Way on the east • Between West King Street on the north, West Rialto Avenue on the south, North Mount Vernon Street on the west, and North "K" Street on the east • Between North Sierra Way on the north and west, West 40`h Street on the south, and I-18 Freeway on the east • Along I-215 Freeway between Lakewood Drive and Little Mountain Drive The Code Compliance Department enforces codes pertaining to illegal auto dismantling, junk storage, illegal conversions, and graffiti removal. The Department also enforces codes pertaining to health and aesthetic issues such as illegal dumping, the accumulation of garbage, trash, appliances, 4 CTTYOF SAN BERNAROLNO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUAT/ON REPORT and car parts, the maintenance of yards, fences, streets, or alleyways, and unsightly or deteriorating buildings and structures. In some cases, if a property is in very poor condition and the required changes are not made, a property may be demolished. Demolition is a last resort that only takes place after many efforts have been made to improve the property, and all have failed. In June 2006, the Mayor launched "Operation Phoenix," a program that addresses the undesirable living conditions. The Operation Phoenix area consists of twenty (20) city blocks that includes 16tH Street to the north, Baseline Street on the south, Waterman Avenue to the east, and Sierra Way to the west. This program also addresses dilapidated housing conditions, increasing homeownership opportunities; working with absentee landlords in order to stabilize multi-family housing programs. The Code Compliance Department and NHSIE have helped improve the housing conditions of the City as well as neighborhood revitalization areas of San Bernardino through their efforts to enforce the codes and Health and Safety issues as described. In February, 2008, the City expanded the Operation Phoenix Neighborhood Initiative by adding five (5) additional focus areas: Central Area (initial area), approximately 1 mile diameter aoound Wabash Street and Sierra Way; Western Area, approximately 1 mile diameter aoound 16tH Street and California Street; Eastern Area, approximately 1 mile diameter around Sterling Avenue and Highland Avenue; North Area, approximately 1 mile diameter around 44tH Street and Sepulveda Avenue; and Southern Area, approximately 1 mile diameter aoound Mill Street and Meridian Avenue. These 5 areas were selected using Part I crime statistics in addition to other social factors. The Operation Phoenix Neighborhood Initiative will commence in the Central, Western and Eastern Area. A partnership amongst the City Attorney's Office, Code Compliance, Fire Department, and the Police Department has been successful in conducting inspections of dilapidated structures in the City. As a result, the closing of substandard and dangerous housing units has gone forward. CDBG funds are utilized to pay for Code Compliance officers' salaries, vehicle maintenance and benefits in eligible CDBG census tract areas. CDBG funding is also used to demolish substandard structures. The Code Compliance Department works in tandem with the Redevelopment Agency relative to demolition of substandazd buildings, and stabilizing of neighborhoods. "Chart 1" details the "Preservation and Rehabilitation of Existing Single-Family Units" and accomplishments for single-family housing units. . , i V i i FY07-08 FY05-2010 Cumulative Fund Ex nditure Goa Activ ty Descr pt on Goal Accomplishment Goal Accomplishment Type FY07-08 FY05-2010 Single Family Exterior Home Beautification Loan/Grant 100 143 500 370 I/M $2,113,269 $3,048,438 Pro am Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Gran[ Program 20 27 100 104 I /A4 $22,497 $98,660 (Oldtimer's) Code Enforcement Program CDBG Inspections 4,000 9,928 20,000 18,170 General $2,25Q,300 $9264146 Demolitions 20 17 100 47 Fund $1,496,300 Abatement 6,000 150 30,000 157 5 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT G l/A ti i D i ti FY07-08 FY05- 2010 Cumulative Fund Ex ndiNre oa c v ty escr p on T Goal Accom lishment Goal Accomplishment ype FY07-08 FY05-2010 Utility Rebate Program 220 322 125 924 UM $55,994 $156,450 LMt Lead Base Gran[ Program 0 0 28 7 County 0 $ t 14,133 Grant Mobile Home Grant Repair 20 33 100 49 HOME $161,751 $244,356 Program In the City's 2005-2010 Consolidated Plan, data indicates that most extremely low- and moderate- income families cannot afford amedian-priced home in San Bernazdino even though housing prices in the City are below regional averages. In addition, many moderate-income families have difficulty saving enough money for a down payment and closing costs to purchase their first home. The intent of providing opportunities for affordable homeownership is to assist low and moderate households with the ability to move into the mainstream of the home buying mazket through financial assistance coupled with homebuyer education. The premise, is that homebuyers assisted by the City's Homebuyer Assistance Program have a chance to improve their economic status and eventually, if they desire, to purchase an upscale home. CITY OFSAN BERNARDINO/REDEVELOPMENTACENCYHOUS/NG PROGRAMS Homebuyer Assistance Progr~HAP) This program is designed to assist qualified first-time homebuyers with the purchase of a home within the City limits. Eligible properties can include condominiums, town homes, and single- family detached homes. The Homebuyer Assistance Program provides up to twenty percent (20%) of the purchase price to go towards down payment and closing costs. The homes purchased under this program may be located in any census tract in the City, as long as the dwelling is used as the homebuyer's principal residence and the home remains affordable for a period of not less than forty-five (45) years. During the 2007-2008 CDBG Program Year, the entire Inland Empire region experienced declining property values. According to the California Association of Realtors, the average median sales price in the City of San Bernardino declined by nearly fifty-four percent (54%) and the affordability index has increased to sixty-three percent (63°/n). This increase in affordability has placed 6 As detailed above, the City met and exceeded its annual goal of 10,380 units by assisting with preservation or eradication of blighted conditions of 10,620 units and/or households in FY 2007- 2008 and expending a total of $6,100,111 in federal, redevelopment and general funds. CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT homeownership "in reach" for many first time buyers. The City's HAP Program has seen a significant increase in the number of homebuyers interested in and taking advantage of the down payment assistance from previous years. The City assisted sixty-seven (67) qualified families with the purchase of their first home. HOME Funds expended totaled $546,170 with Low/Mod Housing Funds totaling $4,114,331. Total investment for sale of the sixty-nine (67) homes totaled $14,486,431. Homebuyer Education and Financial Counseling The home buying educational component is operated by a local San Bernardino non-profit agency, Neighborhood Housing Services of the Inland Empire (NHSIE), under contract with the Redevelopment Agency and provides financial counseling and homebuyer education to low- and moderate-income households that are embazking on the purchase of a home. The Agency funded $80,000 of HOME Funds for the provision of homebuyer education. The homebuyer component teaches participating families about basic household budgeting, household maintenance, saving for major repairs and the importance of the upkeep of the family home. Each potential homebuyer is required to complete 16 hours of home buying education, and provide a certificate to the City as proof of completion. The 16 hours must be completed before any down payment assistance (HAP) is authorized by the Redevelopment Agency. A total of 479 families were educated during 2007- 2008 Program Yeaz with a total private investment of $375,000. The City will continue to implement and market programs designed to promote homeownership opportunities. The goal of this effort will be to continue to promote long-term homeownership opportunities, thereby stabilizing neighborhoods and improving low-income communities. During FY 2007-2008, as Chart 2 illustrates, the City's expenditures were expended from both private and public funds. The City of San Bernazdino's rental assistance programs provide additional affordable housing opportunities to very low-income households, taking into account, and consideration that low- and very low-income households and families experience difficult housing problems and therefore have different needs that may require special assistance. During Program Year 2007-2008, the City provided financial assistance to programs that benefited low- and very low-income households. 7 C/TYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT Rental Assistance Program The Rental Assistance Program is provided to individuals and/or families who must vacate their substandazd and unsafe housing unit. The property owners are required to bring their housing units into compliance and will be inspected for compliance. Under the Rental Assistance Program, the Redevelopment Agency assists the evacuated families with the required first month's rent and security deposit. The replacement rental unit must be in sound, sanitary, and safe condition and pass a City inspection. During program year 2007-2008, the Redevelopment Agency assisted both very low and low-income households in obtaining suitable rental housing. A total of $219,820 in housing funds was expended, benefiting a total of 370 individuals. HOUSING AUTHORITY OF SAN BERNARD/NO COUNTY The Housing Authority of the County of San Bernazdino (HACSB) administers the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher and Public Housing programs. Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher (HCVZprogram Under the Section 8 HCV program, low-income families receive rental assistance in the form of a Voucher. Subsidy payments are made by the Housing Authority to property owners on behalf of the family. During the 2007-2008 program years, 2,463 participants received Section 8 HCV rental assistance in the City of San Bernardino expending $13,285,180. As of August 2008, there are 27,835 applicants on the Section 8 HVC waiting list countywide. Public Housing (Capital Fund) The Housing Authority operates 689 units of conventional public housing in the City of San Bernazdino. The Housing Authority conducts annual inspections of its units to determine a need for capital improvements under its Capital Fund program. In FY 2007-2008, no capital funds were expended in the City of San Bernazdino. As of August 2008, there aze 11,764 applicants on the waiting list for public housing countywide. Homeownership Program During program year 2007-2008, eight (8) families purchased homes through the Housing Authority's Homeownership Program. Of those purchased, one was located in the City of San Bernazdino. No Housing Authority families utilized the City's first time homebuyer program. Multi-Unit Rental Senior Projects The Redevelopment Agency issued mortgage revenue bonds for two (2) senior apartment complexes in 1992 and 1996 (Casa Ramona (44 units) and Highland Lutheran Senior Center (50 units)). The Agency continues to service the annual debt in order to ensure that not less than fifty percent (50%) of the units are set-aside for very low-income seniors. The covenant for each complex remains in effect for thirty (30) years. In Program Year 2007-2008, the Redevelopment Agency paid a total of $218,104 of Low/Mod funds to ensure payment of bonds. 8 CITYOF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT The City has assisted a total of 1,702 units consisting of multi-family, senior housing, and mobile home units assisted with mortgage revenue bond financing or other forms of bond financing. Approximately three hundred forty (340) of these housing units have been set aside for low income families over the next fifteen (15) to thirty (30) years. The Agency monitors on a yearly basis to ensure compliance. - FY07-08 FY05-2010 Cumulative Fund Ex endilure Goal/Activity Description Goal Accomplishment Goal Accom lishment Type FY07-OS FY05-2010 Section 8 Voucher Program 636 2 2 463 5 000 7,512 Section 8 - 813,285,180 $47,921,857 (County Housing , , , Federal funds Authori Temporary Rental 125 277 125 471 LM $138,333 $419,502 Assistance Mortgage Revenue Bond 0 0 0 340 MRB 0 0 Apt. Rent Subsidy Public Public Housing 30 0 170 170 Housing 0 $554, 357 (Capital Fund) Modemi~ation Gran[ Acquisitions & Rehab of 0 0 0 244 IIGME 0 $2,724,212 Rental Units 1-[M Continuum of Care Strategy for the Homeless The City of San Bernardino recognizes that homelessness is a regional issue that impacts every community in the region. As the largest community in the County, the City also serves as a hub for service providers. The City supports the efforts of this network of agencies in ending homelessness through the Regional Continuum of Care Strategy. The Continuum of Care Strategy involves four (4) key components: Homeless Prevention: Provision of preventative services will decrease the number of households and individuals who will become homeless and require emergency shelters and assistance. The City seeks to prevent homelessness by funding emergency assistance for families and households at-risk of being homeless. Educating residents about available services is a key component in reducing homelessness. Homeless Outreach and Needs Assessment: The homeless require a broad spectrum of services from transportation assistance to life skills to childcare to prescriptions. The City works with homeless providers to identify gaps in assistance and fund these identified gaps on an annual basis. CITYOF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUAT/ON REPORT • Emergency Shelter and Transitional Housing: The City provides funds to service providers offering emergency shelter, transitional housing, motel vouchers, food, and a variety of other services which address basic subsistence needs. Based on discussions with homeless advocates and providers, permanent housing and support services are priorities for addressing the immediate needs of the homeless population. • Homeless Transition StrateQV: Providing emergency services without complementary transitional and permanent housing services creates a situation where the homeless remain in San Bernardino for services but are trapped in an emergency housing situation or lack shelter due to inadequate resources for transitional and permanent housing. The City will emphasize services providing transitional and permanent housing assistance through case management, life skills, rental support and job assistance for homeless families and individuals transitioning to permanent housing. The City uses ESG and CDBG public service grants to assist agencies that provide preventive services, emergency shelters, transitional housing, and supportive services for the homeless and those at-risk of being homeless. In 2007-2008, the City utilized $157,301 of Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG) and $105,000 of Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) monies to fund eight (8) non-profit agencies that provided homeless assistance, emergency shelter, transitional housing, and homeless prevention services to San Bernardino's homeless and at-risk populations. These programs addressed the needs of individuals living on the streets and families that are ready to make the transition to permanent housing and independent living. The eight (8) agencies are as follows `~l. Central City Lutheran Mission (CCLM): This organization provides services for homeless individuals in need of medical treatment and/or counseling. Their clientele are diagnosed with HIV, and are directly in need of medical treatment. CCLM housed 50 within the five houses that the organization owns and mariages. In the 2007-2008 program year, CCLM received $10,000 in ESG funds. These funds assisted with the maintenance of their facilities that houses eight of their clients. A total of 16,052 of shelter nights were provided. CCLM's matching grant totaled $11,217. ~. Frazee Homeless Shelter: This organization provides services for homeless men, many of which are veterans. The shelter can serve sixteen individuals at any time. The minimum stay is one (1) night; the maximum stay is six (6) months. Each person enters into a plan to get them back to work or is assisted in securing permanent benefits, i.e., Social Security, veteran's pension, etc. In the 2007-2008 program year, Frazee received $12,000 in ESG Funds. Frazee provided shelter for 61 individuals. Frazee's ESG match grant totaled $62,369. Mary's Mercy Center: This organization provides services for a day shelter that includes showers, laundry facilities meals, clothing, infant emergency needs, bus passes, and emergency food bags. Counseling services are provided on a weekly basis. In the 2007-2008 program year, Mary's Mercy received $20,000 in ESG Funds. Mary's Mercy center utilized ESG funds 10 CTPYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOL/DATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT to pay for staff and consumable supplies for the day shelter. A total of 5,581 individuals were served. Mary's Mercy ESG match grant totaled $388,168. 4. Operation Grace: This organization provides services for transitional housing for homeless women. Operation Grace provides its shelter occupants with a bed, bedding and dresser. A client can stay up to three (3) months and must attend a comprehensive program which assists women in setting goals. In the 2007-2008 program yeaz, Operation Grace received $9,301 in ESG Funds and utilized funds to pay for operating costs related to its transitional housing. A total of 43 individuals were served. Operation Grace's ESG match grant totaled $398,400. 5. Option House, Incoraorated: This organization provides a Temporary Crisis Intervention Program. Option House is a family/domestic violence intervention and prevention services agency and can house up to fourteen (14) women and their children for up to 60 days. Residents live in a "home-like" environment and focus on putting their lives back on track. Option House also has a satellite office in the County Courthouse. In the 2007-2008 program year, Option House received $15,000 in ESG Funds and utilized funds to pay for staff salazies and utility costs related to the shelter. A total of 293 individuals were served. Option House's ESG match grant totaled $42,500. ~6. Salvation Army: This organization provides an Emergency Shelter that can accommodate seventy-four (74) individuals per day. The City's Police Department, social services and hospitals "refer" or "take" clients to the Salvation Army for emergency shelter. In the 2007- 2008 program year, Salvation Army received $63,000 in ESG Funds and utilized funds to pay for staff salaries and consumable supplies costs related to the shelter. A total of 1209 individuals were served. Salvation Army's ESG match grant totaled $319,044. 7. New House. Inc.: This organization provides residential treatment services for parents with substance abuse issues. This organization is one of the first State certified residential treatment facilities for substance abuse. In the 2007-2008 program year, New House received $14,000 in ESG Funds and utilized funds to pay for cost related to its Sober Living Program. A total of 39 individuals were served. New House's ESG match grant totaled $14,634. 8. Time for Change Foundation: This organization provides transitional housing for women who aze exiting drug rehabilitation programs or exiting from prison. Time for Change also provides services which include full re-entry services to women and their children. In the 2007-2008 program yeaz, Time for Change received $14,000 in ESG Funds and utilized funds for utilities and consumable supplies. A total of 43 individuals were served. Time for Change's ESG match grant totaled $90,000. These eight (8) agencies, funded with ESG, CDBG and Private resources provided shelter and supportive services, such as food, employment, transportation, medical, etc., which helped the homeless and/or working poor in the City. These agencies and other non-profits based in the City have the following capacity: one hundred eighty-nine (189) emergency shelter beds daily, three hundred nine (309) transitional housing beds and ninety-seven (97) permanent housing beds. CTTYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE. AND EVALUATION REPORT Chart 4 details the City's accomplishments in Program Year 2007-2008. F Y07-08 FY05-2010 Cumulative Fund Ex enditure GoaVActivity Description Goal Accomplishment Goal Accom lishmen[ Type FY07-08 FY05-2010 CDBG/ $33,000 Shelter Households 60 189 300 21,126 ESG $100,000 $1,752,609 Private $435,130 CDBG $54,500 Transitional Units 60 71 300 283 Private/ $539,764 $1,434,287 ESG $128,000 CDBG/ $16,000 Battered Women and 60 293 300 1272 ESG $15,000 $1,488,781 Children Private $42,500 Child Care 100 163 500 599 CDBG/ Private $29,000 $29,000 $221,500 The eight (8) agencies that received ESG funds also received a total of $1,331,167 in either monetary or in-kind donations from private benefactors, which were used as "match" funds to meet ESG Program matching requirements. CDBG funds totaling $105,000 was also allocated to these organizations in program yeaz 2007-2008. In addition, the needs of special populations were also met through a CDBG agreement with other nonprofit organizations, i.e., Home of Neighborly Service, Assistance League of San Bernardino, Al-Shifa Free Clinic, and vazious Child Advocacy programs. In 2007-2008, a total of $326,491 in CDBG funds was allocated to public service providers who in turn, received $2,816,995 in private donations and in-kind contributions. Services made available to the homeless and special needs included: childcaze, counseling, drug treatment, after-school programs, youth programs, housing referrals, dental screening and educational courses for homeless families and individuals. During Program Year 2007-2008, the Redevelopment Agency fostered relationships with private developers for the development of new construction for both market rate and affordable housing projects. The Redevelopment Agency leveraged its resources with private capital in order to develop quality affordable homes for San Bernardino residents. In addition to federal HOME funds, State Redevelopment Law requires that 20% of the tax increment generated from redevelopment project areas be set aside for low- and moderate-income housing programs ("Housing Funds"). The Redevelopment Agency facilitated the development of the following projects totaling $9,601,500 million in private investment. 12 C/TY OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVAL(lAT/ON REPORT HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AHEPA National Housing Corporation (Multi-Unit Senior Housin This project is the development of ninety (90) units of senior housing for individuals whose income does not exceed fifty percent (50%) of AMI. Construction has commenced and is 85% complete. Agency allocated $840,000 of HOME funds; HUD allocated $13 million for the construction and operation of facility. ANR Industries Inc (Meadowbrook Area Phase II (Infill Single Family Homes) Meadowbrook Area Phase II by developer ANR Industries is on-going. A total of $500,000 of Low/Mod funds was allocated for downpayment assistance for qualified buyers. Private Investments totaled $3.5 million, and sales of the eight (8) homes totaled approximately $2,669,371 and two additional new homes aze under construction with two parcels in plan check. Amendment No. 3 was approved to construct an additional unit to be sold to an income eligible household. AGA Properties LLC - 6`h and G Street The Agency has entered into a Redevelopment Project Study with AGA Properties for the construction of thirty-five (35) town homes on the northwest corner of 6`h and G Streets. A total of ten (10) units will be set aside for low to moderate income households. This project is still in the preliminary stages. Arroyo Valley Community Economic Development Corooration The Arroyo Valley Community Economic Development Corporation will construct three (3) new homes and a "Community Garden" on Agency-Owned Lots. The homes will be sold to income eligible homebuyers whose incomes do not exceed eighty percent (80%) of Area Median Income. Arroyo will receive $593,000 in HOME funding. GFC Enterprises -Lynwood Housing Development GFC Enterprises will be constructing eighteen (18) single family homes on the eastside of Lynwood Way. The homes will have 3 to 4 bedrooms and range between 1,453 and 1,644 in square footage. Three (3) units will be made available to income eligible households. Total project budget is $5.6 million with an Agency contribution of $370,000 low/mod housing funds. Marv's Mercy Inc -Veronica's Home (Transitional Housing) Veronica's Home of Mercy is an existing long-term transitional housing facility for pregnant adult women and their children. The Agency allocated $800,000 of HOME funds for the acquisition of a single family dwelling and expansion of the facility. HUD allocated $1,070,927 for the development, expansion and operation of the facility. The expanded facility will add twenty (20) units of multi-family affordable rental housing, creating seventy (70) additional beds. Private donations total $1,101,500. Construction has commenced and is 15% complete. 13 ClTYOF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOL/DATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT St. Bernardine Plaza St. Bernardine Plaza is a 150 unit affordable HUD 202 Senior Complex. With the exception of two (2) Manager's units, all units are set aside for very low income seniors. The Agency expended $300,000 in HOME funds for the rehabilitation of the Complex and for the installation of an ADA compliance elevator. TELACU DeveloUment LLC (Infill Single-Family Homes) The TELACU project is the development of twelve (12) homes, six (6) homes will be sold to qualified Low/Mod income families and six (6) homes will be sold at market rate. Private investment will be in the amount of $3 million, $550,000 of low/mod housing funds will be utilized for downpayment assistance for qualified eligible homebuyers. An Amendment was approved to construct an additional unit to be sold to an income eligible household. The project is 90% complete. TELACU Senior Housing IV (Highland/Central Avenues) The TELACU project will consist of a ninety (90) unit senior housing complex of approximately 75,000 squaze feet. The developer has received a HUD Section 202 Grant in the amount of $12.97 million dollars of which $12.2 million will be used towards construction costs. The total proposed project budget is estimated at $15.5 million with the Agency contributing $3.2 million in HOME CHDO funds. TELACU Senior Housing V (4th and H Streets) The TELACU project is for the development of a new seventy-five (75) unit, three-story, senior housing complex. One unit will be a Manager's Unit and will consist of 2 bedrooms whereas the remaining seventy-four units will have 1 bedroom, kitchen and bathroom and contain 540 square feet of -iving space. The developer has received a HUD Section 202 Grant in the amount of $11.9 million dollars of which $10.7 million will be used towazds construction costs. The Agency has expended $4.51 million in low/mod housing funds for the acquisition, relocation and demolition of the site. Chart 5 illustrates the number of units constructed or are pending for FY 2007-2008. r Project Name # of Unils N of Affordable Uni[s Fund Type Expenditure HOME $840,000 AHEPA Senior Housing 90 gy HUD 202 Funds $13,000,000 AGA Properties-6'" & G 35 l0 0 0 HOME $593,000 Arroyo Valley Infill Hsg q q Private Resources $878,000 IJM $370,000 GFC Ente rises rP 18 3 Private Resources $5,600,000 St. Bernardino Plaza l50 148 HOME $400,000 14 Crn'OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT Project Name p of Units N of Alrordable Units Fund Type ExpendiNre Telacu 49` St. Housing 12 6 UM $596,260 Develo ment Private Resources $3,000,000 HUD 202 $12,970,000 Telacu Senior Housing IV 90 gq HOME $3,200,000 UM $1,200,000 Telacu Senior f{ousing V 75 7q Private Resources $15,118,680 NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY OBJECTIVES The City's opportunity for expanding its economic base lies with high paying firms that produce goods locally for sale outside the City, or supply services to clients inside of the City. The City of San Bernardino leverages its local resources with private capital in order to recruit, or lure businesses. The City has identified several non-housing community objectives, and is very committed to expanding economic opportunities for its residents. The City strives to provide a suitable living environment and utilized federal resources (CDBG) funds to encourage the development of economic opportunities principally for persons of low- and moderate-income. Community Development and Economic Development goals include: 1. The elimination of slum and blight. 2. The elimination of conditions detrimental to health, safety, and public welfare. 3. Job creation and job retention opportunities. 4. The expansion and improvement of the quality of community services. 5. Reduction in isolation of income groups within communities and geographical areas. 6. The restoration and preservation of historic, architectural and aesthetic buildings. 7. Alleviation of physical and economic distress. 8. Conservation of the Nation's scarce energy resources. The Redevelopment Agency, the economic arm of the City, encourages and creates business opportunities with assistance that includes: financing, land assemblage, development of permit streamlining, and grants to achieve the creation and/or retention of jobs. In order to assist "start-up businesses" and "small businesses", the City and the Redevelopment Agency created the Office of Small Business Liaison to help businesses succeed by providing mentoring, fast tract permit processing and providing grants up to $10,000 for job creation and retention. This program is commonly known as the Business Incentive Grant Program (BIG). The City also entered into contractual agreements with two (2) non-profit Organizations: Inland Empire Small Business Development Center (IESBDC) to provide mentoring, coaching, training, and financial assistance to business owners, and Small Business Administration Loan Program and National Development Corporation (NDC). A total of three hundred-seven (307) jobs were created or retained by these three (3) programs/agencies. 15 CITYOF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT Through the BIG Program, nine (9) businesses were assisted with business improvement grants. This program was leveraged with private matching grants from the participating businesses that totaled $1,997,129.80. In addition, $92,524.72 of CDBG funds was allocated and leveraged with private resources. Charts 6 (a) and (b) details economic development accomplishments funded with CDBG funds. STRATEGIES FOR INCREASING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The five-year Consolidated Plan states that it is the City of San Bernardino's mission to enhance the quality of life for its citizens by attracting and retaining businesses and jobs for the City, eliminating physical and social blight, and developing a balanced of mix quality housing. The principal tool used by the Agency in its eleven (11) project areas is governed by redevelopment law and consists of Owner Pazticipation Agreements known as OPA's and Disposition and Development Agreements known as DDA's. An OPA or a DDA can provide financial assistance to a project over a number of yeazs to be paid out of tax increment that the development will incur. Each one of these agreements is unique to the specific project and intended to redevelop a blighted azea. (Some programs offered by other agencies, such as the Inland Empire Small Business Financial Development Corporation (IESBFDC) Loan Guarantee Program, Grow San Bernardino Fund SBA 7 (a) Loan Program, and the Small Business Administration 504 Loan Program offer lazger loan amounts for small businesses to expand their businesses or entrepreneurs to start a new business). As previously stated, the BIG program seeks to restore economic vitality and investment confidence to the City. The program offers financial assistance to business owners and tenants to enhance the curb appeal of their businesses by financing exterior improvements to their business properties. The program also provides grants to help business owners retain their current employment levels. The program offers grants reimbursements that are not-to-exceed $10,000. The applicant will be required to match this grant dollaz-for-dollar and will be reimbursed at the completion of all pre- approved improvements. Additional programs offered by the Agency to foster economic growth in the City of San Bernardino are as follows: Business Utility User's Tax Rebate Prof?ram. This populaz program rewazds new and expanding businesses who create jobs for City residents, increase sales tax revenues and/or increase property values. The program rebates a percentage of the City's utility tax levied on electricity, gas, video and telephone communication services to the business over a period of time. Economic Development Case Mana eg ment. Assists larger projects that will add a significant number of new jobs or significant number of new jobs or significantly increase tax revenue for the City. EDAT is the best tool for a fast, efficient passage through the City's Development process. 16 CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCEAND EVALUAT/ON REPORT Jobs Service T e of Assistance Business Created Retained Business Fagade Gran[ Matchin Grant American S orts Universit 0 5 $20,000.00 $43,000.00 Casual Livin 4 0 $4,520.86 $9,041.71 Dental Care of San Bernardino 0 8 $IQ000.00 $21,400.00 Hilton Hotel 0 160 $24,999.00 $1,811,540.00 Oak West Footwear 7 3 $10,000.00 $22,138.37 Pete's Finishland 0 6 $1,311.31 $2,622.62 Quiet Bros. Si s 11 0 $10,000.00 $64,000.00 Toda 's Furniture 0 0 $8,748.55 $17,497.10 Universit Shell 12 8 $2,945.00 $5,890.00 TOTAL 34 190 $92,524.72 $1,997,129.80 DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS Arrowhead Central Credit Union The Agency has entered into a Disposition and Development Agreement with Arrowhead Credit Union for the construction of a 190,000 squaze foot corporate headquarters. The private investment for the construction of the corporate headquarters is estimated at $30 million. Hillwood-Cu1liQan Construction has been completed of two (2) 100,000,000 squaze foot warehouse/distribution space consisting of six (6) buildings. The largest of the six (6) buildings is occupied by Michelin bringing four hundred seven (407) jobs to the City. Once all buildings are occupied it is estimated that one thousand five hundred jobs (1,500) will be created for the residents of San Bernazdino. Private investment for the project was $88 million with an Agency contribution of approximately $6 million. Inland Behavioral and Health Service. Inc: The Agency entered into an Owner Participation Agreement (OPA) with Inland Behavioral and Health Service Inc., to assist with the offsite improvements to its new 28,000 squaze foot medical clinic. The medical clinic will provide medical, psychological counseling and homeless services to the underserved communities of San Bernardino. This clinic is expected to attract over 350 jobs. Private Investment is $9.2 million. 17 CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT Inland Regional Center The Inland Regional Center (IRC) provides services to people with developmental disabilities. The California Housing Foundation (CHF) facilitates and augments the delivery of services and programs for IRC. CHF has submitted an application for the acquisition of property located at 1335 Waterman Avenue for the construction of a new 200,000 square foot office facility. Five Hundred (500) jobs will be retained. The Private Investment is $90 million. La Placita on 2"d Street The Agency has entered into a development agreement for the construction of approximately 100,000 squaze feet of new retail space. Construction of the Market portion of the retail center is complete and occupied by Superior Market. Approximately one hundred jobs were created for residents of the City. Construction has commenced on the retail portion of the project along Third Street in the Historic Santa Fe Depot area of the City. Once the Third Street Retail portion is completed, it is estimated that an additional one hundred twenty-five (125) jobs will be created. The Agency will contribute up to $2 million for the off-site improvements. Private investment will be approximately $24 million. Perris Cam us Plaza The Agency entered into an Owner Participation Agreement with the Inland Valley Development Agency to assist with offsite improvements to the new Perris Campus Plaza located on Tippecanoe and Mill Street. The Complex will consist of three (3) new buildings of 64,800 square feet, 18,000 square feet and 25,000 squaze feet, respectively, and will be leased to Community Action Partnership of San Bernazdino County, the County of San Bernardino Weatherization Department and the San Bernardino County Preschool Services Department. Approximately two hundred (200) jobs will be retained. The Private Investment for the project is $13,000,000 with the Agency expending $430,000 in tax increment funding. Young Electric Si ng Company. Ina (YESCO) Yesco will be relocating its Ontario facility to 5405 North Industrial Pazkway. The relocation will include its manufacturing and installation operations. The move will retain 100 jobs and create 20 new jobs. The private investment is estimated at $9 million with the Agency expending $355,000 in tax increment. 18 Charts 6A, 6B, and 6C show that a total of 1 080 jobs were created in program year 2007-2008. CITY OF SAN BERNARD/NO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT The City continues its on-going efforts to design, and construct streets and sidewalks needed to improve the infrastructure and prevent the deterioration of the transportation infrastructure in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. The City also continues its efforts to design and construct storm drains needed to improve the living environment and prevent flooding as well as design and construct ADA accessible ramps, street improvements and traffic signals. In addition, fourteen (14) blighted structures were demolished in program yeaz 2007-2008. (Refer to Chart 1). During FY 2007-2008, much of the City's infrastructure was upgraded with street and sidewalk installations at vazious locations, storm drain improvements, construction of ADA access and installation of traffic signals. The total .amount of funds expended was $4,895,617 from various sources (Refer to Chart 7). FY 07/08 Cumulative Activity Description Fund Type Amount FY 05/2010 ADA Access & Sidewalk Improvements SR2S/1/2 ¢ $294,359 $1,838,359 Bus Stop Beautification Enhancements Gas Tax, nsz9zx, 0 $170,000 General Building -Fueling Station CMAC, AQMD Refuse, Sewer 0 $2,141,500 Park Improvements Prop 40 0 $109,000 St. Inf[astruclurc Pavement Rehabilitation - Vazious Locations cn sank Loan 0 $4,200,000 Gas Tax Sewer Line Im rovements/Maintenance P sewer tine Construction Funds $1 351,408 $2,236,408 Sewer Line Relocation cattrans $1,536,000 $3,832,700 Storm Drain Construction -Various Locations storm main Construction Funds 0 $537,200 l2 0 Fund Street Improvements -Various Locations San Manuel Tribe $1,290,850 $6,511,850 Gas Tax Traffic Signal Improvements -Various Locations st tnttoan cturc 0 $1,040,000 Traffic Signal Installation - Vazious Locations TramFees terns $423,000 $1,47Q100 19 CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOL/DATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT The impediments to fair housing identified in the 2006 analysis reflected discrimination and housing issues. The overall conclusion was that today's discrimination acts have become deceptive and sophisticated. Since the action is covert rather than overt, only trained professionals can identify and recognize violations of the Fair Housing Act. The discrimination issues are as follows: ^ Lack of understanding of fair housing laws regarding differential treatment. ^ Occupancy limitations. ^ Lack of tenant screening policy. • High minority neighborhood and concentration causes low property value. ^ Buyer refusal. • Lenders' HMDA data tracking. • Tracking lenders' housing loans. The housing issues are as follows: • Affordable housing -job/housing relationship. • Neighborhood safety. ^ Neighborhood deterioration. • Transportation. • Quality schools. The City entered into a contract with Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board (IFHMB) to further fair housing in the City. IFHMB utilized a literature search, surveys, interviews, Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data, and additional information and statistical data from city, county, state and federal departments. The information gathered was on housing discrimination, fair housing knowledge, condition of existing housing and other information that would help housing policy makers to identify problem areas. Chart 8 illustrates the accomplishments during FY 2007-2008 in Fair Housing efforts: FY07-OS FY05-2010 Cumulative Fund Ez endimre Goal/Activity Description Goal Accom lishmen[ Goal Accomplishment Type FY07-08 FY05-2010 Fair CDBG 618 $50 Housing/Landlord/renan[ 900 2042 1,000 8300 In-Kind , $119,780 $600,178 Pro ram Education, Training, 5 25 5 54 In-Kind $69,227 $153,704 Public Mnouncement Testing Cases 4 13 5 26 Federal $275,000 $572,510 20 AFF/RMAT/VELYFURTHER FA/R HOUSING CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT The City contracted with Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board to mitigate impediments to fair housing in San Bernardino. The services include educational assistance, outreach and enforcement in the sale and rental of property to City residents, particularly those persons covered by the federally protected classes under Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968. Education includes persons of adult and high school age, property owners, mobile home park owners/residents, realtors, municipal staff, lenders and staff of classified newspaper ad departments. It included a review of newspapers for discriminatory practices in ads. Outreach was conducted through the mass media of radio, television, newspapers, public appeazances and brochure distribution. Enforcement efforts include counseling individuals, accepting complaints, implementing and maintaining a daily "hotline" service and a 24-hour call back "warm line", and testing for discrimination on the bona fide complaints. ANALYS/S OF IMPEDIMENTS (AI~ RECOMMENDAT/ONS AND ACT/ONS UNDERTAKEN /NPROCRAM YEAR 2007/2008 As a result of the AI conclusions, the City will undertake the following activities to remove the impediments identified. 1. Expanding Affordable Housing Opportunities Action 1:1 The City will continue to provide homeownership opportunities in the community by promoting the Homebuyer Assistance Program. The City will focus outreach efforts towazds lower income households, particularly to Hispanic and Black households, since they have more difficulty obtaining financing. Specifically, the City will provide advertisements and workshops in both English and Spanish to inform residents. Time Frame: Ongoing Action 1:2 The City will continue to facilitate the development of housing for all income groups within the community. As identified in the 2000-2005 Housing Element, San Bernardino's Regional Housing Need Assessment (RHNA) for the 1998-2005 planning period is to provide for 1148 housing units for very-low income households, 676 units for low-income households, and 734 units for moderate income households. To meet this need, the City will focus on facilitating affordable housing development through a combination of financial and regulatory assistance. Specifically, the City will work to provide affordable housing throughout the community, avoiding an over impaction of specific neighborhoods. Time Frame: Ongoing 2. Rehabilitation Assistance Action 2:1 The City will continue to provide rehabilitation assistance for owner-occupied and investor-owned single-family housing in the community. Existing programs include the Mobile Home Repair Grant, Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Grant Program, Single Family Beautification Grant Program, and Neighborhood Initiative Program Home Improvement Deferred Loan and Beautification Grant. The City will ensure that information about these programs be 21 CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOL/DATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT provided in the City's brochures, advertisements, and website in both English and Spanish. City may consider assisting with the acquisition/rehabilitation of rental housing. City will also continue its code enforcement efforts to improve the conditions of the rental housing stock. Time Frame: Ongoing Action 2:2 City will ensure that Spanish speaking staff are available to assist residents in the City regarding code enforcement, housing rehabilitation, and other housing services. Time Frame: Ongoing 3. Public Policies and Programs Affecting Housing Development Action 3:1 To expand housing opportunities for persons with disabilities, the City may consider adopting formal reasonable accommodations policies and procedures. Time Frame: Ongoing 4. Access to Financing Action 4:1 The City will work with local lenders to provide outreach to lower income residents about government-backed financing. The City will encourage local lenders to provide information in both English and Spanish. Time Frame: Ongoing Action 4:2 The City will encourage home buying and credit counseling workshops to be held in San Bernardino. These workshops will be held in both English and Spanish. Time Frame: Workshops Continued on an Annual Basis Action 4:3 The Fair Housing service provider will continue to monitor complaints regazding unfair lending, and assess lending patterns using the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data (HMDA) and other data sources. Time Frame: Monitor HMDA and other data on an annual basis to identify potential unfair lending practices within San Bernardino. 5. Fair Housing and Outreach Action 5:1 The City will encourage the fair housing service provider to conduct fair housing workshops for residents, real estate professionals, apartment owners, and property managers. Efforts should be made to expand community participation among single-family homeowners, lenders, property managers, and real estate agents. Time Frame: Ongoing 22 CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT Action 5:2 Expand efforts in distributing brochures and placement of advertisements in order to inform the public of the fair housing law and their rights. Provide links to fair housing and other housing resources on the City's website. Public counters should also prominently display fair housing information. Time Frame: Ongorng Action 5:3 The City will continue to work with a qualified fair housing service provider to ensure that an increased number of fair housing testing be performed in the City. Time Frame: Testing to be conducted periodically. Action 5:4 Target fair housing education and outreach materials to segments of the population most affected by limited-housing choice. This can include the minority households (particularly Blacks and Hispanics), the disabled, and families with children. Time Frame: Ongoing AFFORDABLEHOUSING See High Priority Strategies 1, 2, 3, and 5 discussed in section entitled "Housing and Community Development Strategic Plan Objectives". The low- and moderate-income housing needs were addressed through programs such as rehabilitation and mortgage assistance, and acquisition, rehabilitation and resale programs and economic development activities implemented by the Agency. Needs of extremely low- and low- income rental and homeownership were addressed through programs such as the rental assistance, Mobile Home Minor Repair Program, Code Enforcement, Section 8, and Public Housing Authority Units. The Emergency Shelters, Battered Women and Children, and Transitional Housing sites also addressed the needs of extremely low- and low-income residents. The accomplishments under these programs are depicted under the corresponding goals of this Report. CONTINUUM OF CARE See section entitled High Priority #4: Assist Homeless and Special Needs Populations with Supportive Services. OTHER CONS/DERATIONS The City listed the following considerations in the Five-Year Plan: A. Overcoming Barriers to Affordable Housing -The City has pursued a course of action which included: (a) maintaining a dialogue with developers and citizens involved in developing housing projects to assist the City in making the best planning, infrastructure and development decisions; (b) solicit for- and non-profit entities to form housing development and rehabilitation partnerships; and (c) continue to increase public awareness of the need for affordable housing. 23 ClTYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT In addition, the Ciry is aggressively pursuing its economic development strategy to attract and increase the number of technical and managerial level positions. B. Anti-Poverty Strategy -The City continued its Small Business Liaison and employment training programs as well as other community development programs. (See Economic Development Strategies discussed previously). C. Institutional Structure/Coordination -The City has coordinated with agencies and departments to design and implement such programs as Code Enforcement to remove and eradicate blighted conditions. The City funds public service agencies that provide information and referral to residents. (See ESG Programs for the Homeless). Furthermore, housing programs will assist low- and moderate-income persons to improve their neighborhoods. (See Section on Housing and Community Development Strategies). D. Public Housing Resident Initiatives -The City supports the San Bernardino County Housing Authority's effort in providing assistance to over seven hundred ninety-four (794) units of public housing in the City that are occupied by very low-income families who pay no more than 30 percent of their monthly income for rent. (See Housing Section). E. Persons with Physical/Developmental Disabilities Alcohol or Other Drug Addictions, as well as AIDS/HIV and Other Related Diseases -The City utilizes established resources within the City/County and State structure to assist persons with disabilities. The City provides Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG) funds to the Salvation Army, Central City Lutheran Mission, New House Incorporated. Those organizations work with homeless individuals who are dual diagnosis with HIV/AIDS or hepatitis "C". Residents are offered a comprehensive supportive service network that includes case management, individual counseling, group counseling, substance abuse counseling, life skills counseling, and a myriad of other social services. The organization also networks with other organizations that include Inland AIDS Project, Foothill AIDS Project, and San Bernardino County Department of Public Health. The City also funds a suicide crisis intervention program through the Family Service Agency, an outreach-counseling program for drug and gang intervention. Services to the mentally ill and mentally ill homeless, as well as independent living skills are provided by County Department of Behavioral Health. F. Suitability of Existing Units for Special Needs Populations -The City supports programs that serve targeted populations, such as Easter Seal Society head injury services and funded activities such as housing rehabilitation that allows owners to make modifications such as access to their homes, kitchen and bathrooms. Additionally public places have been made accessible by installing elevators, on and off-ramps and restrooms modified for accessibility. LEVERAGING RESOURCES There were "other" public and private resources received and used to address needs identified in the Plan. The budgets of the sub recipients reviewed by City staff indicate that additional funding to serve the needs of San Bernazdino low/moderate income residents were derived from other sources, which include funding agreements with various County of San Bernardino departments and foundations as follows: 24 CTIYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT 1. Department of Runaway/Homeless Youth 6. Office of Aging 2. County Youth Diversion Fund 7. Corporation for National Service 3. County Probation 8. ROTC 4. United Way 9. Catholic Chazities 5. Department of Justice 10. Local Fund Raising Efforts The agencies funded with the ESG funds were Frazee, Option House, Mary's Mercy Center, Central City Lutheran Mission, New House, Time for Change, Foothill AIDS, and Salvation Army. The Agencies met the Match requirement through utilization of volunteerism, in-kind contributions and funds from other local, state and federal programs. Frazee provided seven (7) transitional beds, Option House provided twenty-four (24) transitional beds, Salvation Army provided ninety (90) transitional beds, Time for Change provided eighteen (18) transitional beds and Central City Lutheran Mission two (2) for a total of one hundred and forty-one (141). Mary's Mercy Center provides forty-three (43) transitional beds funded solely from private donations and a small program income. Other non-profits based in the City provide a total of fifty (50) emergency beds and shelter but are not receiving Agency ESG funds. The total ESG funds expended during this program year were $157,301. This amount was leveraged with $4,148,162 at a ratio of 26:1. Additionally, the Redevelopment Agency expended over $6,217,289 in Redevelopment Housing Funds as HOME Match for the following programs: Single-Family Beautification Grant/Loan Program ? ^ Utility Assistance Program • Homebuyer's Assistance Program (HAP) ^ Elderly/Special Needs Minor Repair Grant Program The HOME Match Log is attached (Tab 3). In FY 2007-2008, the City received approximately $5,368,976 in CDBG, HOME and ESG funds. A review of CDBG program income indicates that $198,422.75 was received. This program income reported under CDBG was generated from loans and fees, repayment from the rehabilitation of homes, mobile homes and down payment activities and also aone-time float loan payment. In addition, the City received $1,954,256.01 in program income under the HOME Program generated from loan repayments, cancelled loans and fees from the Mortgage Assistance Program. The City and the Redevelopment Agency assisted developers in securing financing for the Cinema Staz Theatre in the form of a Section 108 loan guarantee. The Cinema Staz Section 108 loan met the national objective of providing benefit (jobs) to low- and moderate-income household (azea- wide). 25 C/7YOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOL/DATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT SECTION lOS AND FLOAT LOANS North Arden-Guthrie -Retail ShopUinQ Center The North Arden-Guthrie Retail Project consists of approximately 17 acres containing between 122,000 to 186,000 squaze feet of which the Agency now owns all of the vacant parcels. During program yeaz 2007-2008, the Agency acquired twenty-two (22) four-plexes have since been for demolished. A relocation consultant was hired and eighty-five (85) tenants have been relocated. In addition, a Relocation Plan was written and has been approved by the Community Development Commission of the City of San Bernazdino ("Commission"). Currently, the Agency has an RFP (Request for Proposal) for a demolition contractor for clearance of the twenty-two (22) four-plexes. The proposed development is a retail, restaurant and recreational shopping center. Section 108 funds are being utilized for acquisition, demolition and relocation costs. The sources of funds for this Project include: Home Depot of Delaware Equity/Financing Contribution of $22 million and $5 million in resources from the Redevelopment Agency. CIT/ZEN COMMENTS The CAPER was available for public review and comment from August 25 through September 8, 2008. The report was available at City Hall, the Economic Development Agency and the Library. The Agency did not receive any comments regazding this CAPER. SELF-El~ALUATION The overall goal of community planning and development programs, included in the Consolidated Plan, is to develop viable, safe communities by providing decent housing, a suitable living environment, and to expand and increase economic opportunities principally for low- and moderate-income persons. The activities and strategies implemented by the City and Redevelopment Agency are making an impact on identified needs. Housing rehabilitation programs aze making an improvement in the City's residential units and revitalizing neighborhoods. 26 CITYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUAT/ON REPORT Other indicators, which best define the City/Redevelopment Agency results would be the Homebuyer Assistance Program (HAP) that has enabled and qualified families to become first-time homebuyers to purchase in the City. The Redevelopment Agency provides up to twenty percent (20%) down payment assistance that includes closing costs, which has resulted in the creation of new homeownership opportunities. In addition, the City/Redevelopment Agency provided resources for comprehensive homebuyer seminars that taught prospective buyers: personal finance strategy, property maintenance, code enforcement, security and neighborhood safety in support of the Housing Programs; in Program Year 2007-2008, 479 households benefited from this program. The City will continue its efforts in economic development and the enticement of new businesses that will pay technical and managerial salaries. The City has made a positive improvement towards initiating and completing capital improvement projects funded by approximately over $4,000,000 in General Fund and other resources that included: 1/2¢ Sales Tax, Sewer funds, Park Bond funds, Caltrans and Construction funds. The City assisted the local non-profit agencies with $255,000 in CDBG and $157,301 in ESG funds, to provide needed community public services. An additional $4,148,162 generated by local non-profit agencies through in-kind donations, i.e. cash, food, clothing, and consumables was used to assist very low-income households. Overall, in 2007-2008, the City has implemented programs and activities to meet and exceed its goals and objectives as indicated under each Priority Goal. COMMUNITYDEVELOPMENTBLQCK GRANT (CDBG) A. See the discussion of the high priorities in the Section entitled "Housing and Community Development Needs". This section includes a discussion of the relationship of the use of CDBG funds to the priorities, needs, goals, and specific objectives identified in the Consolidated Plan, including the extent to which CDBG funds were distributed among different categories of housing needs identified in the Consolidated Plan. For maps of distribution of low- to moderate-income residents, and different population groups, along with households and families assisted with housing (CDBG, HOME, and ESG). B. There were no changes made to the program objectives, however, funds were reallocated from completed projects and slow moving projects to other activities as evidenced by Tab 2. C. The City has consistently carried out the planned actions described in the action plan. As previously stated, the mission of the City is to maintain, improve and develop quality neighborhoods and housing opporhanities throughout the City. The City has identified four "needs" and eight priority areas to pursue. The four "needs" are overpayment cost burden, physical inadequacies/condition, homeownership and homelessness. The City's strategy is to aggressively utilize federal, state and local funding sources to operate a number of programs to assist households in each of the eight priority areas. (See the discussion regarding CDBG funding in the high priorities.) The City has pursued all resources it indicated it would pursue; provided certifications of consistency with HUD programs, in a fair and impartial manner, for 27 C/TYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL, PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT which the City said it would support application by other entities; and did not hinder Consolidated Plan implementation, by action or willful action. D. The City's fund has been used exclusively for the three national objectives. E. No activities specified for the program year involved acquisition, rehabilitation or demolition of occupied real property. F. During the program year, the economic development activities undertaken, created and retained jobs for low- or moderate-income persons. G. During the program year, all activities undertaken, met one of the categories of limited clientele or low- and moderate-income benefit. H. Activities that generated program income aze discussed in "Leveraging Resources" section. The Financial Summary Report of expenditure is reflected in IDIS Report C04PR26. (Tab 13) I. For Housing Rehabilitation and Homeownership Programs completed during the year, see "Housing and Community Development Needs" section. THE HOME PROGRAM HOME funds were distributed amongst different categories of housing needs identified in the approved Consolidated Plan. For a summazy of the projects and amounts funded by HOME, see IDIS Report. The HOME Match Report HUD 4107-A (Tab 4) is attached for Program Year July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008. THE EMERGENCY SHELTER GRANT (ESG) PROGRAM During FY 2007-2008, the City utilized $157,301 in ESG funds to fund eight (8) non-profit agencies to provide a vaziety of homeless service activities. The eight (8) agencies were Salvation Army; Foothill AIDS, Incorporated; Central City Lutheran Mission; Frazee Community Center; Mary's Mercy Center; New House, Inc.; Time for Change Foundation; and Option House, Inc. The services provided included, essential services (food provisions, transportation, employment, medical, etc.), homeless prevention, operations and transitional housing. These agencies had shown that they have the ability to provide the delivery of high quality services, satisfy the HUD ESG Matching fund requirements (dollar to dollar), and address identified community "needs". A description of the extent to which activities supported directly with ESG funds addressed homeless and homeless prevention goals, objectives, and priorities established in the Consolidated Plan is discussed in High Priority #4 and in the Continuum of Caze sections. The sources of funds used to meet the match requirements of the ESG Program are discussed in High Priority #4. The types of funds used to meet the match requirements totaled $1,331,167 in cash, in-kind donations, and donated hourly labor. 28 ClTYOF SAN BERNARDINO 2007/2008 CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION REPORT PUBLIC PART/C/PATION REQUIREMENTS The City has followed the public participation requirements established by HUD. Public Notice was published in The San Bernardino County Sun Newspaper on August 25, 2008 (Tab 2). The Notice also informed the general public to review and provide oral or written comments to the City. The 2007-2008 CAPER report containing all IDIS and financial reports, and other data (i.e., maps and tables) required by HUD was made available to the public during the fifteen-day comment period. Draft copies of the CAPER were placed at the local library, City Hall Public Information Counter and the Redevelopment Agency for review and comment. During the Program Year, amendments to the Action Plan were made. Adequate public notice and comment periods were provided. There were no oral or written comments received at or prior to the public hearing meetings. COMMUN/TYDEVELOPMENT CITIZENADV/SORY COMM/TTEE ~CDCAC~ The CDCAC is an advisory committee to the Mayor and Common Council comprised of local residents. This Committee oversees matters relating to the programs/projects associated with the Plan. The CDCAC responsibilities include the following: 1. Scheduling public hearings on housing and community development needs and program performance; 2. Assisting in the identification of community needs, priorities and strategies; 3. Receiving and reviewing citizens' comments on housing and community development program progress and performance; 4. Receiving and reviewing housing and community development project proposals for specific funding to include Community Development Block Grant and other federally funded projects; 5. Prepazing specific funding and program recommendations to the Mayor and Common council on the use of grant funds; 6. Assisting and evaluating ongoing housing and community development program activities; 7. Reviewing and preparing recommendations to the Mayor and Common Council on all proposed program amendments, as necessary; and 8. Receiving and answering citizens' complaints regazding housing and community development activities. In addition to the responsibilities listed above the CDCAC acts as liaison between the community and the City. Therefore, the CDCAC is also responsible for meeting with citizen groups, which represent residents impacted by community development, and housing activities, providing technical assistance to citizen groups when requested, and keeping the general community informed on housing and community development matters of importance. 29 Exhibit E Memorandum of the California Department of Housing and Community Development Division of Housing Policy Development, Re: Senate Bill 2, dated May 7, 2008 STATE OF CAI IFORNIA BUSINESS TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING AGFNCV ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGCER C or DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DIVISION OF HOUSING POLICY DEVELOPMENT 1800 Third Slreel, Suite 430 P. O. Box 952053 ~ ~~ 1" r Sacramento, CA 94252-2053 (916) 323-3177 FAX (916) 327-2643 MEMORANDUM DATE: May 7, 2008 TO: Planning Directors and Interested Parties .C;rG~~r~ FROM: Cathy E. eswell, Deputy Director Division Housing Policy Development SUBJECT: Senate Bill 2 -- Legislation Effective January 1, 2008: Local Planning and Approval for Emergency Shelters and Transitional and Supportive Housing Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2) clarifies and strengthens housing element law to ensure zoning encourages and facilitates emergency shelters and limits the denial of emergency shelters and transitional and supportive housing under the Housing Accountability Act. The law will facilitate efforts to address the critical needs of homeless populations and persons with special needs throughout all communities in California. Generally, SB 2 amends housing element law regarding planning and approval for emergency shelters and transitional and supportive housing as follows: Planning (Government Code Section 65583) At least one zone shall be identified to permit emergency shelters without a conditional use permit or other discretionary action. Sufficient capacity must be identified to accommodate the need for emergency shelters and at least one year-round emergency shelter. Existing or proposed permit procedures, development and management standards must be objective and encourage and facilitate the development of or conversion to emergency shelters. Emergency shelters shall only be subject to development and management standards that apply to residential or commercial within the same zone. Written and objective standards may be applied as specified in statute, including maximum number of beds, provision of onsite management, length of stay and security. Includes flexibility for jurisdictions to meet zoning requirements with existing ordinances or demonstrate the need for emergency shelters can be accommodated in existing shelters orthrough amulti-jurisdictional agreement. Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2) Page 2 • Transitional and supportive housing shall be considered a residential use and only subject to those restrictions that apply to other residential uses of the same type in the same zone. Local Aooroval (Government Code Section 65589.5: Housing Accountability Act • Limits denial of emergency shelters, transitional housing or supportive housing by requiring specific findings. • Some findings shall not be utilized if new planning requirements of SB 2 are not met; such as identifying a zone without a conditional use permit, Attached is a briefing paper informing local governments of SB 2, providing assistance in evaluating these new provisions to effectively implement this important new State law; in addition to a copy of the legislation. Electronic copies of these can be found on the Department's website at www.hcd.ca.gov or the Senate's website at www.senate.ca.gov. You may also obtain copies of published bills from the Legislative Bill Room by calling (916) 445-2323. If you have any questions, or seek additional technical assistance, please contact Paul McDougall, HPD Manager, at (916) 445-4728. Attachments Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (Senate Bill 2) TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Homeless Needs Purpose and Objectives of SB 2 Section 1: Planning (Government Code Section 65583) Identifying and Analyzing Needs and Resources 4 Identifying Zoning for Emergency Shelters 5 Permitting Emergency Shelters without Discretionary Action 7 Development Standards to Encourage and Facilitate 7 Encouraging Multi-jurisdictional Cooperation and Coordination 9 Existing Ordinances and Existing Shelters that Accommodate Need 10 Transitional and Supportive Housing 10 Housing Element Policies and Programs 11 Timing: When SB 2 Applies 12 Section 2: Local Approval (Government Code Section 65589.5) The Housing Accountability Act 14 Zoning Inconsistency 14 Attachments 1 -Statutory Changes to Housing Element Law (Underline Version) 15 2 -Definitions 27 3 -Helpful Links 29 Introduction State Department of Housing May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2J- Homeless Needs Homelessness in California is a continuing and growing crisis. On any given day, there are at least 361,000 homeless individuals in California - or 1.1 percent of the State's total population. Of this number, two-thirds are estimated to be single adults, while the other third are families. Some 30 percent of California's homeless - 108,000 -are so-called "chronic" homeless who have been homeless for six months or more. This population tends to be comprised of single adults who face such obstacles as mental illness, substance abuse problems and chronic physical health problems or disabilities that prevent them from working. Homeless individuals and families are without permanent housing largely because of a lack of affordable housing, often compounded by limited education or skills, mental illness and substance abuse issues, domestic violence and the lack of family or other support networks.' California's homelessness crisis demands the effective involvement of both the public and private sectors. A housing element can be an effective and powerful tool in combating homelessness. Passage of SB 2 strengthened the law to increase its effectiveness in addressing the needs of California's homeless population. The upcoming housing element update presents an important opportunity to make ending homelessness a critical priority. Purpose and Objectives of SB 2 The framework of SB 2 resulted from a collaborative effort by key stakeholders including housing and homeless advocates and providers, local governments, planners, and the building industry. SB 2 strengthens existing housing element requirements to provide the opportunity for the development of emergency shelters and transitional and supportive housing. SB 2 ensures zoning, development and management standards and permit procedures encourage emergency shelters while allowing flexibility for existing local strategies and cooperative efforts. SB 2 focuses on the impacts of zoning requirements on the development of emergency shelters. While the new statute requires that every local government zone for the development of emergency shelters, it does not restrict how local governments allocate resources to address local priority needs. For example, nothing in SB 2 prohibits communities from also adopting a "Housing First" strategy to provide homeless persons with housing immediately and then providing services as needed. Governor's Interagency Task Force on Homelessness, Progress Report and Work Plan for 2003. Health and Human Services Agency and Business, Transportation and Housing Agency, December 2002 State Department of Housing - 5 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Section 1 Planning (Government Code Section 65583) State Department of Housing - 6 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)' Identifying and Analyzing Needs and Resources Current law, Government Code Section 65583(a)(7), requires an identification and analysis of the needs of homeless persons and families. The analysis is an essential component of an effective housing element; however data sources can be limited and vary in estimates of need. As a result, an analysis should consider a variety of data sources and include proactive outreach with service providers to examine the degree and characteristics of homeless needs in the community and surrounding communities. A thorough analysis includes: • An estimate or count of the daily average number of persons lacking shelter. Wherever possible, and to better describe the characteristics of needs, this figure could be divided into single males, single females and families (one or more adults with children) as the needs of each subgroup differ significantly. • As local data or other existing sources permit (see list below), a description of the percentage of the homeless population who are mentally ill, developmentally disabled, veterans, runaway or emancipated foster youth, substance abusers, survivors of domestic violence, and other subpopulations of homeless considered significant by the jurisdiction. • An inventory of the resources available within the community including shelters, transitional housing and supportive housing units by type. The analysis should estimate the number and type of existing shelter beds, and units of transitional and supportive housing available. • Assess the degree of unmet homeless needs, including the extent of need for emergency shelters. As part of this analysis, SB 2 now clarifies the need assessment for emergency shelters must consider seasonal and year-round need. In recognition of local efforts to encourage supportive housing, SB 2 allows jurisdictions with 10 Year Plans to End Chronic Homelessness to reduce the need for emergency shelters by the number of supportive housing units identified in an adopted 10-year plan and that are either vacant or funding has been identified to allow construction in the housing element planning period. Resources to identify and analyze homeless needs, include: • Consolidated plans • Continuum of care plans • 10 Year Plans to End Chronic Homelessness • Interagency Council on Homelessness, Guide to Developing Plans and Examples (http.//www.ich.gov/slocal/index htmn State Department of Housing - 7 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Local service providers such as continuum of care providers, local homeless shelter and service providers, food programs, operators of transitional housing programs, local drug and alcohol program service providers, county mental health and social service departments, local Salvation Army, Goodwill Industries, churches and schools, and 15 countywide Designated Local Boards certified by the Department's Emergency Housing and Assistance Program (http://www. hcd. ca. gov/fa/ehap/cntys-with-dtb. htm~. Identifying Zoning for Emergency Shelters When identifying a zone or analyzing an existing zone for emergency shelters, the ciover;ie a ~~~~~~es ce,ce~ - Eme~~e~~y snene~ Gy, o~~c~ ~~, s~,~,~~, r:,o r;;a, ~;=. Photo courtesy of OPCC in Santa Monica element should address the compatibility and suitability of the zone. The element should consider what other uses are permitted in the zone and whether the zone is suitable for residential or emergency shelters. For example, an industrial zone with heavy manufacturing may have environmental conditions rendering it unsuitable for residential or shelter uses. In some localities, manufacturing or industrial zones may be in transition, where older industrial uses are redeveloping to residential, office or commercial. Transitioning zones may be compatible State Department of Housing - 8 - May 2008 and Community Development Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- with residential uses and suitable for emergency shelters. Also, a commercial zone allowing residential or residential compatible services (i.e., social services, offices) would be suitable for shelters. For example, Sacramento County permits emergency shelters in its commercial zone along with other residential uses and uses such as retail that are compatible with residential. SB 2 clarifies existing law by requiring zoning identified for emergency shelters to include sufficient capacity to accommodate the need. The identified zone(s) must have sufficient capacity, when taken as a whole, to meet the need for shelters identified in the housing element, and have a realistic potential for development or reuse opportunities in the planning period. Further, capacity for emergency shelters must be suitable and available and account for physical features (flooding, seismic hazards, chemical contamination, other environmental constraints, and slope instability or erosion) and location (proximity to transit, job centers, and public and community services). The element should also address available acreage (vacant or underutilized) and the realistic capacity for emergency shelters in the zone. For example, if a jurisdiction identifies the public institution zoning district as the zone where emergency shelters will be allowed without a conditional use permit, the element should demonstrate sufficient acreage within the zoning district that could accommodate the actual development of an emergency shelter. The element could also discuss the potential for reuse or conversion of existing buildings to emergency shelters. SB 2 ensures that each local government shares the responsibility to provide opportunities for the development of emergency shelters. Regardless of the extent of need identified in the element, local governments must provide zoning to allow at least one year round emergency shelter, unless the need for emergency shelters is accommodated through existing shelters or amulti-jurisdictional agreement (see discussion below). This is especially important given the fact that the homeless population is not always visible in the community; is sometimes transitory; data resources are frequently inadequate and the availability and adequacy of services and programs vary significantly by community and can impact the homeless count. If a local government's existing zoning does not allow emergency shelters without a conditional use permit or other discretionary action, the housing element must include a program to identify a specific zone(s) and amend the zoning code within one year of adoption of the housing element (65583(a)(4)). The only exceptions permitted to the non-discretionary zoning requirement are where a jurisdiction demonstrates their homeless needs can be accommodated in existing shelters; or where the jurisdiction meets all of its need through a multi-jurisdictional agreement (discussed in later sections). Where a local government has identified a zone and sufficient capacity to encourage emergency shelters consistent with the provisions of SB 2, a local government may also identify additional zones for the development of emergency shelters that require a conditional use permit. State Department of Housing - 9 - May 2008 and Community Development Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (S8 2)-- Permitting Emergency Shelters without Discretionary Action To comply with SB 2, localities must have or adopt a zoning classification that permits emergency shelters in anon-discretionary manner (localities may however apply development standards pursuant to Section 65583(a)(4)). In such zones, permitted uses, development standards and permit procedures must include: Objective development standards that encourage and facilitate the approval of emergency shelters. Decision-making criteria such as standards that do not require discretionary judgment. Standards that do not render emergency shelters infeasible, and only address the use as an emergency shelter, not the perceived characteristics of potential occupants. Requiring a variance, minor use permit, special use permit or any other discretionary process does not constitute anon-discretionary process. However, local governments may apply non-discretionary design review standards. A local government should not require public notice of its consideration of emergency shelter proposals unless it provides public notice of other non-discretionary actions. For example, if a local government permits new construction of asingle-family residence without discretionary action and public notice is not given for these applications, then a local government should employ the same procedures for emergency shelter applications. The appropriate point for public comment and discretionary action is when zoning is being amended or adopted for emergency shelters, not on aproject-by-project basis. Development Standards to Encourage and Facilitate Emergency Shelters SB 2 requires that emergency shelters only be subject to those development and management standards that apply to residential or commercial use within the same zone, except the local government may apply certain objective standards discussed on the next page (Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)). For example, a light commercial zone might permit a range of wholesaler, service repair and business services subject to buildable area and lot area requirements. In this case, the emergency shelter may be subject only to the same buildable area and lot area requirements. The same zone might permit residential uses subject to certain development standard (i.e., lot area, heights, and setbacks) requirements. In this case, emergency shelters should only be subject to the same development standards. Sfate Department of Housing - 70 - May 2008 and Communify Development Emergency Shelter -Jackson, California Photo courtesy of Amador-Tuolumne Community Action Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- To demonstrate that processing procedures and standards are objective and encourage and facilitate development of emergency shelters, the housing element must address how: zoning explicitly allows the use (meaning the use is specifically described in the zoning code); development standards and permit procedures do not render the use infeasible; zoning, development and management standards, permit procedures and other applicable land-use regulations promote the use through objective; and predictable standards. SB 2 allows flexibility for local governments to apply written, objective development and management standards for emergency shelters as described in statue and below. The maximum number of beds or persons permitted to be served nightly by the facility. • Off-street parking based upon demonstrated need, provided that the standards do not require more parking for emergency shelters than for other residential or commercial uses within the same zone. • The size and location of exterior and interior on-site waiting and client intake areas. • The provision of on-site management. • The proximity to other emergency shelters provided that emergency shelters are not required to be more than 300 feet apart. • The length of stay. • Lighting. • Security during hours that the emergency shelter is in operation. These standards must be designed to encourage and facilitate the development of, or conversion to, an emergency shelter. For example, a standard establishing the maximum number of beds should act to encourage the development of an emergency shelter; local governments should establish flexible ranges for hours of operation; length of stay provision should be consistent with financing programs or statutory definitions limiting occupancy to six months (Health and Safety Code Section 50801) and should not unduly impair shelter operations. Appropriate management standards are reasonable and limited to ensure the operation and property. State Department of Housing - 11 - May 2008 and Community Development maintenance of the --Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Encouraging Multi-Jurisdictional Cooperation and Coordination SB 2 recognizes and encourages multi-jurisdictional coordination by allowing local governments to satisfy all or part of their obligation to zone for emergency shelters by adopting and implementing amulti-jurisdictional agreement, with a maximum of two adjacent communities. The agreement must commit the participating jurisdictions to develop at least one year-round shelter within two years of the beginning of the housing element planning period. For example, jurisdictions in Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region with a statutory due date of June 30, 2008 would need to ensure the development of shelter(s) by June 30, 2010. To utilize this provision, local governments must adopt an agreement that allocates a portion of the new shelter capacity to each jurisdiction as credit towards the jurisdiction's emergency shelter need. The housing element for each participating local government must describe how the capacity was allocated. In addition, the housing element of each participating jurisdiction must describe: • How the joint facility will address the local governments need for emergency shelters. If the local government can demonstrate that the multi-jurisdictional agreement can accommodate the jurisdiction's need for emergency shelter, the jurisdiction is authorized to comply with the zoning requirements for emergency shelters by identifying a zone(s) where new emergency shelters are allowed with a conditional use permit. ongoing State Department of Housing - 72 - May 2008 and Community Development Quinn Cottages, Transitional Housing in Sacramento, CA Phofo couResy of Cottage Housing, lnc. Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Existing Ordinances and Existing Shelters that Accommodate Need Existing Ordinances Permitting Emergency Shelters Existing Shelters That Accommodate the Need for Emergency Shelters Local governments that can demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Department, the existence of one or more emergency shelters either within the jurisdiction or pursuant to a multi- jurisdictional agreement that can accommodate the need for emergency shelters identified in the housing element may comply with the zoning requirements of SB 2 by identifying a zone(s) where new emergency shelters are allowed with a conditional use permit. To demonstrate homeless needs can be accommodated in existing shelters, an element must at minimum list existing shelters including the total number of beds and the number vacant. The analysis should support and document the estimate of vacant beds and must consider seasonal fluctuations in the need for emergency shelters. Transitional and Supportive Housing Transitional housing is defined in Section 50675.2 of the Health & Safety Code as rental housing for stays of at least six months but where the units are re-circulated to another program recipient after a set period. Transitional housing may be designated for a homeless individual or family transitioning to permanent housing. This housing can take several forms, including group housing or multifamily units, and may include supportive services to allow State Department of Housing - 73 - May 2008 and Community Development ink Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)~ individuals to gain necessary life skills in support of independent living. Supportive housing as defined at Section 50675.14 of the Health & Safety Code has no limit on the length of stay, is linked to onsite or offsite services, and is occupied by a target population as defined in Health & Safety Code Section 53260 (i.e., low income persons with mental disabilities, AIDS, substance abuse or chronic health conditions or persons whose disabilities originated before the person turned 18). Services typically include assistance designed to meet the needs of the target population in retaining housing, living and working in the community, and/or improving health and may include case management, mental health treatment, and life skills. SB 2 provides that transitional and supportive housing constitute a residential use. SB 2 requires zoning to treat transitional and supportive housing as a proposed residential use and subject only to those restrictions that apply to other residential uses of the same type in the same zone. For example, if the transitional housing is a multifamily use proposed in a multifamily zone, then zoning should treat the transitional housing the same as other multifamily uses proposed in the zone. If jurisdictions do not explicitly permit transitional and supportive housing as previously described, the element must include a program to ensure zoning treats transitional and supportive housing as a residential use, subject only to those restrictions on residential uses contained in the same type of structure. Housing Element Policies and Programs Effective programs reflect the results of the local housing need analyses, identification of available resources, including land and financing, and the mitigation of identified governmental and nongovernmental constraints. Programs consist of specific action Glsh A artmenis - 5u Ste s the localifi, will take to P PPo~iive Housing, pan Jose, GA p `Y Photo courtesy of First Community Housing and 8emard Andre implement its policies and achieve goals and objectives. Programs must include a specific timeframe for implementation, identify the agencies or officials responsible for implementation, and describe the jurisdiction's specific role in implementation. Where a jurisdiction does not provide an analysis demonstrating compliance with the provisions of SB 2 through existing zvning, the element must have a program(s) to address the results of that analysis. For example, if the element does not identify an existing zone to permit emergency shelters without a conditional use permit or other discretionary action, the element must include a program to establish the appropriate zoning, unless the jurisdiction has satisfied its needs through existing emergency shelters or amulti-jurisdictional State Department of Housing - 74 - May 2008 and Community Development _Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)-- agreement. If development and management standards do not encourage and facilitate emergency shelters or zoning does not treat transitional and supportive housing as a residential use, the element must include a program(s) to amend existing zoning or processing requirements to comply with SB 2. Programs to address the requirements of SB 2 for emergency shelters must be implemented within one year of adoption of the housing element. Programs to address requirements for transitional and supportive housing should be implemented early in the planning period. Further, since the program for emergency shelters must be implemented within one year of adoption, the housing element should provide analysis to support and assure effective implementation of the program. For example, the analysis should examine the suitability of zones to be included in the program and whether sufficient and suitable capacity is available. The same type of analysis could evaluate development and management standards that will be considered as part of establishing or amending zoning. This analysis should demonstrate the necessary commitment to ensure zoning, permit procedures and development standards encourage and facilitate emergency shelters. Timing: When SB 2 Applies In accordance with Government Code Section 65583(e), any draft housing element submitted to the Department after March 31, 2008 will be required to comply with SB 2. State Department of Housing - 75 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Section 2 Local Approval (Government Code Section 65589.5) State Department of Housing - 16 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- The Housing Accountability Act To promote predictability for the development of housing affordable to lower- and moderate- income households, the Housing Accountability Act (Government Code Section 65589.5) prohibits a jurisdiction from disapproving a housing development project, including housing for farmworkers and for very low-, low-, ormoderate-income households, or conditioning approval in a manner that renders the project infeasible for development for the use of very low-, low-, or moderate-income households, including through the use of design review standards, unless it makes at least one of five specific written findings based on substantial evidence in the record (Government Code Section 65589.5). SB 2 adds emergency shelters to the list of uses protected under the Housing Accountability Act. In addition, SB 2 clarifies that the definition of a housing development project includes transitional or supportive housing (see Attachment 1: SB 2 -changes are underlined). Zoning Inconsistency Pursuant to the Housing Accountability Act, a local government is prohibited from making the finding regarding zoning and general plan inconsistency (Section 65589.5(d)(5)) to disapprove a development if the jurisdiction identified the site in its general plan (e.g., housing or land-use element) as appropriate for residential use at the density proposed or failed to identify adequate sites to accommodate its share of the regional housing need for all income groups. In addition to extending these provisions to emergency shelters and transitional housing, SB 2 prohibits the use of the zoning and general plan inconsistency finding to disapprove an emergency shelter if the jurisdictions have: • not identified a zone(s) where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit, • not demonstrated the identified zone(s) include sufficient capacity to accommodate the need for emergency shelter, or • not demonstrated the identified zone(s) can accommodate at least one emergency shelter. This provision applies to any site identified in any element of the general plan for industrial, commercial, or multifamily residential uses. In any court action, the burden of proof is on the local jurisdiction to demonstrate its housing element satisfies the above requirements of SB 2. State Department of Housing - 17 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2J- Attachment 1 Statutory Changes to Housing Element Law (underline version) State Department of Housing - 18 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Attachment 1 Changes to State Housing Element Law Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2) (changes indicated in strikeouts and underlines) 65582. As used in this article the following definitions apply: (a) "Community," "locality," "local government," or "jurisdiction" means a city, city and county, or county. (b) "Council of governments" means a single or multicounty council created by a joint powers agreement pursuant to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 6500) of Division 1 of Title 1. (c) "Department" means the Department of Housing and Community Development. (d) "Emergency shelter" has the same meaning as defined in subdivision fe} of Sectlan 50801 of the Health and Safety Gode. {e "Housing element" or "element" means the housing element of the community's general plan, as required pursuant to this article and subdivision (c) of Section 85302. "Supportive housing" has the same meaning as defined in subdivision {b7 of Section 5Q675 14 of the Nealth and Safety Gode. ~ "Transitionai housing' has the same meaningas defined In subdivision {h) of Section 50675.2 of the Health and Safety Code. 85583. The housing element shall consist of an identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, financial resources, and scheduled programs for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing. The housing element shall identify adequate sites for housing, including rental housing, factory-built housing, and-mobilehomes, and emergency shelters. and shall make adequate provision for the existing and projected needs of all economic segments of the community. The element shall contain all of the following: (a) An assessment of housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints relevant to the meeting of these needs. The assessment and inventory shall include all of the following: (1) An analysis of population and employment trends and documentation of projections and a quantification of the locality's existing and projected housing needs for all income levels, including extremely low income households, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 50105 and Section 50106 of the Health and Safety Code. These existing and projected needs shall include the locality's share of the regional housing need in accordance with Section 85584. Local agencies shall calculate the subset of very low income households allotted under Section 65584 that qualify as extremely low income households. The local agency may either use available census data to calculate the percentage of very low income households that qualify as extremely low income households or presume that 50 percent of the very low income households qualify as extremely low income households. The number of extremely low income households and very low income households shall equal the jurisdiction's allocation of very low income households pursuant to Section 85584. (2) An analysis and documentation of household characteristics, including level of payment compared to ability to pay, housing characteristics, including overcrowding, and housing stock condition. State Department of Housing - 19 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (3) An inventory of land suitable for residential development, including vacant sites and sites having potential for redevelopment, and an analysis of the relationship of zoning and public facilities and services to these sites. (4) (A) The identification of a zone or zones where emergencY shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit. The identified zone ar zones shall include sufficient capacity to accommodate the need for emergency shelter identified in paragraph (~} except that each local government shall identify a zone or zones that can accommodate at (east one near-round emergency shelter. If the local government cannot identify a zone or zones with sufficient capacity the local oq vernment shall include a zones where emergency shelters are permitted with a conditional use permit. The local government shall also demonstrate that existing or proposed permit processing development and management standards are objective and encourage and facilitate the development of or conversion to emergency shelters Emergency shelters may only be subject to those development and management standards that apply to residential or commercial development within the same zone except that a local government maY apply written obiective standards that include elk of the following: {il The maximum number of beds or persons permitted to be served nightly by the facility f ii dff-street parking based upon demonstrated need provided that the standards do not require more parking for emergencY shelters than for other residential or commercial uses within the same zone. {lii}The size and location of exterior and interior onsite waiting and client intake areas. {iv} The provision of onsite management. ~ The proximity to other emergency shelters. provided that emergencY shelters are not required to be more than 300 feet apart. vi~ The length of stay. tvii Lighting. {viii) Security during hours that the emergency shelter is in operation. ~B} The permit processing development and management standards applied under this paragraph shall net be deemed to be discretionary acts within the meaning of the California Environmental Quality Act tDivision 13 tcommencing with Section 21000} of the Public Ftesaurces Code}. {C) A local government that can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department the existence of one or more emergencY shelters either within its jurisdiction or pursuant to a multijurisdictiona( agreement that can accommodate that jurisdiction's need far emergency shelter identified in paragraph (7} may comply with the zoning requirements of subparagraph {A) by identifyinq a zone ar zones where new emergencY shelters are allowed with a conditional use permit.. {D) A local government with an existing ordinance or ordinances that camplY with this paragraph shall not tae required to take additional actlan to identify zones for emergenoy shelters. The housinq_element must only describe haw existing ordinances. policies, and standards are consistent with the requirements of this paragraph, {5}_An analysis of potential and actual governmental constraints upon the maintenance, improvement, or development of housing for all income levels, including the types of housing identified in paragraph (1) of subdivision (c), and for persons with disabilities as identified in State Department of Housing - 20 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- the analysis pursuant to paragraph (6), including land use controls, building codes and their enforcement, site improvements, fees and other exactions required of developers, and local processing and permit procedures. The analysis shall also demonstrate local efforts to remove governmental constraints that hinder the locality from meeting its share of the regional housing need in accordance with Section 65584 and from meeting the need for housing for persons with disabilities identified pursuant to supportive housing transitional housing and emergency shelters identified pursuant to paragraph Transitional housing and supportive hausing shall be {5cansidered a residential use of property and shall be subject only to those restrictions that apply to other residential dwellings of the same type in the same zone. {~) An analysis of potential and actual nongovernmental constraints upon the maintenance, improvement, or development of housing for all income levels, including the availability of financing, the price of land, and the cost of construction. (57) An analysis of any special housing needs, such as those of the elderly, persons with disabilities, large families, farmworkers, families with female heads of households, and families and persons in need of emergency shelter. The need for emergency shelter shall be assessed based on annual and seasonal need. The need for emergenay shelter may be identified to allow_construction during the planning penal. j8) An analysis of opportunities for energy conservation with respect to residential development. (89) An analysis of existing assisted housing developments that are eligible to change from low-income housing uses during the next 10 years due to termination of subsidy contracts, mortgage prepayment, or expiration of restrictions on use. "Assisted housing developments," for the purpose of this section, shall mean multifamily rental housing that receives governmental assistance under federal programs listed in subdivision (a) of Section 65863.10, state and local multifamily revenue bond programs, local redevelopment programs, the federal Community Development Block Grant Program, or local in-lieu fees. "Assisted housing developments" shall also include multifamily rental units that were developed pursuant to a local inclusionary housing program or used to qualify for a density bonus pursuant to Section 65916. (A) The analysis shall include a listing of each development by project name and address, the type of governmental assistance received, the earliest possible date of change from low- income use and the total number of elderly and nonefderly units that could be lost from the locality's low-income housing stock in each year during the 10-year period. For purposes of state and federally funded projects, the analysis required by this subparagraph need only contain information available on a statewide basis. (B) The analysis shall estimate the total cost of producing new rental housing that is comparable in size and rent levels, to replace the units that could change from low-income use, and an estimated cost of preserving the assisted housing developments. This cost analysis for replacement housing may be done aggregately for each five-year period and does not have to contain aproject-by-project cost estimate. (C) The analysis shall identify public and private nonprofit corporations known to the local government which have legal and managerial capacity to acquire and manage these housing developments. State Department of Housing - 21- May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (D) The analysis shall identify and consider the use of all federal, state, and local financing and subsidy programs which can be used to preserve, for lower income households, the assisted housing developments, identified in this paragraph, including, but not limited to, federal Community Development Block Grant Program funds, tax increment funds received by a redevelopment agency of the community, and administrative fees received by a housing authority operating within the community. In considering the use of these financing and subsidy programs, the analysis shall identify the amounts of funds under each available program which have not been legally obligated for other purposes and which could be available for use in preserving assisted housing developments. (b) (1) A statement of the community's goals, quantified objectives, and policies relative to the maintenance, preservation, improvement, and development of housing. (2) It is recognized that the total housing needs identified pursuant to subdivision (a) may exceed available resources and the community's ability to satisfy this need within the content of the general plan requirements outlined in Article 5 (commencing with Section 65300). Under these circumstances, the quantified objectives need not be identical to the total housing needs. The quantified objectives shall establish the maximum number of housing units by income category, including extremely low income, that can be constructed, rehabilitated, and conserved over afive-year time period. (c) A program which sets forth afive-year schedule of actions the local government is undertaking or intends to undertake to implement the policies and achieve the goals and objectives of the housing element through the administration of land use and development controls, the provision of regulatory concessions and incentives, and the the utilization of appropriate federal and state financing and subsidy programs when available and the utilization of moneys in a low- and moderate-income housing fund of an agency if the locality has established a redevelopment project area pursuant to the Community Redevelopment Law (Division 24 (commencing with Section 33000) of the Health and Safety Code). In order to make adequate provision for the housing needs of all economic segments of the community, the program shall do all of the following: (1) Identify actions that will be taken to make sites available during the planning period of the general plan with appropriate zoning and development standards and with services and facilities to accommodate that portion of the city's or county's share of the regional housing need for each income level that could not be accommodated on sites identified in the inventory completed pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) without rezoning, and to comply with the requirements of Section 65584.09. Sites shall be identified as needed to facilitate and encourage the development of a variety of types of housing for all income levels, including multifamily rental housing, factory-built housing, mobilehomes, housing for agricultural employees, supportive housing, single-room occupancy units, emergency shelters, and transitional housing. (A) Where the inventory of sites, pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a), does not identify adequate sites to accommodate the need for groups of all household income levels pursuant to Section 65584, the program shall identify sites that can be developed for housing within the planning period pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 65583.2. (B) Where the inventory of sites pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) does not identify adequate sites to accommodate the need for farmworker housing, the program shall provide for sufficient sites to meet the need with zoning that permits farmworker housing use by right, including density and development standards that could accommodate and facilitate the feasibility of the development of farmworker housing for low- and very low income households. Stafe Department of Housing - 22 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (2) Assist in the development of adequate housing to meet the needs of extremely low, very low, low-, and moderate-income households. (3) Address and, where appropriate and legally possible, remove governmental constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing, including housing for all income levels and housing for persons with disabilities. The program shall remove constraints to, and provide reasonable accommodations for housing designed for, intended for occupancy by, or with supportive services for, persons with disabilities. (4) Conserve and improve the condition of the existing affordable housing stock, which may include addressing ways to mitigate the loss of dwelling units demolished by public or private action. (5) Promote housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, religion, sex, marital status, ancestry, national origin, color, familial status, or disability. (6) Preserve for lower income households the assisted housing developments identified pursuant to paragraph (H9) of subdivision (a). The program for preservation of the assisted housing developments shall utilize, to the extent necessary, all available federal, state, and local financing and subsidy programs identified in paragraph (89) of subdivision (a), except where a community has other urgent needs for which alternative funding sources are not available. The program may include strategies that involve local regulation and technical assistance. (7) The program shall include an identification of the agencies and officials responsible for the implementation of the various actions and the means by which consistency will be achieved with other general plan elements and community goals. The local government shall make a diligent effort to achieve public participation of all economic segments of the community in the development of the housing element, and the program shall describe this effort. (d) (1) A local government may satisfy all or part of its requirement to identify a zone or zones suitable for the developn~~nt of emergency shelters pursuant to paragraph {4) of subdivision rah by adopting and implementing a rnuitiiurisdictional agreement with a maximum of two other adjacent communities that requires the participating jurisdictions to develop at least (3} Each member jurisdiction of a multijurisdictionai agreement shall describe in its hous(no_ element ail of the following- (A} How the joint facility will meet the jurisdiction's emergent ~ shelter need (B} The jurisdiction's contribution to the facility for both the development and ongoinr~ operation and management of the faciii~ t~«~ !.~ ~c ay}.{i cy,e is ~a~,,a~ay_ ciauneu_vV tt,e j,aniciUat~nq Iunsa~cT~ons_m cne~r nous~nq e~emenl shall not exceed the actual capacity of the shelter (e) Except as otherwise provided in this article, amendments to this article that alter the required content of a housing element shall apply to both of the following: (1) A housing element or housing element amendment prepared pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 65588 or Section 65584.02, wherewhen a city, county, or city and county submits a f#st draft to the department for review pursuant to Section 65585 more than 90 days after the effective date of the amendment to this section. State Department of Housing - 23 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (2) Any housing element or housing element amendment prepared pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 65588 or Section 65584.02, wiaereewhen the city, county, or city and county fails to submit the first draft to the department before the due date specified in Section 65588 or 65584.02. Housing Accountability Act 65589.5. (a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (1) The lack of housing, including emergencv shelters, is a critical problem that threatens the economic, environmental, and social quality of life in California. (2) California housing has become the most expensive in the nation. The excessive cost of the state's housing supply is partially caused by activities and policies of many local governments that limit the approval of housing, increase the cost of land for housing, and require that high fees and exactions be paid by producers of housing. (3) Among the consequences of those actions are discrimination against low income and minority households, lack of housing to support employment growth, imbalance in jobs and housing, reduced mobility, urban sprawl, excessive commuting, and air quality deterioration. (4) Many local governments do not give adequate attention to the economic, environmental, and social costs of decisions that result in disapproval of housing projects, reduction in density of housing projects, and excessive standards for housing projects. (b) It is the policy of the state that a local government not reject or make infeasible housing developments. including emergencv shelters, that contribute to meeting the housing- need determined pursuant to this article without a thorough analysis of the economic, social, and Environmental effects of the action and without complying with subdivision (d). (c) The Legislature also recognizes that premature and unnecessary development of agricultural lands for urban uses continues to have adverse effects on the availability of those lands for food and fiber production and on the economy of the state. Furthermore, it is the policy of the state that development should be guided away from prime agricultural lands; therefore, in implementing this section, local jurisdictions should encourage, to the maximum extent practicable, in filling existing urban areas. (d) A local agency shall not disapprove a housing development project, including farmworker housing as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 50199.50 of the Health and Safety Code, for very low, low-, or moderate-income households, or an emergency shelter. or condition approval in a manner that renders the project infeasible for development for the use of very low, low-, or moderate- income households, or an emergencv shelter including through the use of design review standards, unless it makes written findings, based upon substantial evidence in the record, as to one of the following: (1) The jurisdiction has adopted a housing element pursuant to this article that has been revised in accordance with Section 65588, is in substantial compliance with this article, and the jurisdiction has met or exceeded its share of the regional housing need allocation pursuant to Section 65584 for the planning period for the income category proposed for the housing development project, provided that any disapproval or conditional approval shall not be based on any of the reasons prohibited by Section 65008. If the housing development project includes a mix of income categories, and the jurisdiction has not met or exceeded its share of the regional housing need for one or more of those categories, then this paragraph shall not be used to disapprove or conditionally approve the project. The share of the regional State Department of Housing - 24 - May 2008 and Community Development 'Chapter 033, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)' housing need met by the jurisdiction shall be calculated consistently with the forms and definitions that may be adopted by the Department of Housing and Community Development pursuant to Section 65400. In the case of an emergency shelter. the jurisdiction shall have met ar exceeded the need for emergencv shelter, as identified pursuant to paragraph t7} of subdivision ta} of Section 65583. Any disapproval or conditional approval pursuant to this paragraph shall be in accordance with applicable law, rule, or standards. (2) The development project or emergency shelter as proposed would have a specific, adverse impact upon the public health or safety, and there is no feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate or avoid the specific adverse impact without rendering the development unaffordable to low- and moderate-income households or rendering the development of the emergencv shelter financially infeasible. As used in this paragraph, a "specific, adverse impact" means a significant, quantifiable, direct, and unavoidable impact, based on objective, identified written public health or safety standards, policies, or conditions as they existed on the date the application was deemed complete. Inconsistency with the zoning ordinance or general plan land use designation shall not constitute a specific, adverse impact upon the public health or safety. (3) The denial of the project or imposition of conditions is required in order to comply with specific state or federal law, and there is no feasible method to comply without rendering the development unaffordable to low- and moderateincome households or rendering the development of the emergency shelter financially infeasible, (4) The development projector emergencv sheltee is proposed on land zoned for agriculture or resource preservation that is surrounded on at least two sides by land being used for agricultural or resource preservation purposes, or which does not have adequate water or wastewater facilities to serve the project. (5) The development project or emergencv shelter is inconsistent with both the jurisdiction's zoning ordinance and general plan land use designation as specified in any element of the general plan as it existed on the date the application was deemed complete, and the jurisdiction has adopted a revised housing element in accordance with Section 65588 that is in substantial compliance with this article. (A) This paragraph cannot be utilized to disapprove or conditionally approve a housing development project if the development project is proposed on a site that is identified as suitable or available for very low, low-, or moderate-income households in the jurisdiction's housing element, and consistent with the density specified in the housing element, even though it is inconsistent with both the jurisdiction's zoning ordinance and general plan land use designation. (B) If the local agency has failed to identify in the inventory of land in its housing element sites that can be developed for housing within the planning period and that are sufficient to provide for the jurisdiction's share of the regional housing need for all income levels pursuant to Section 65584, then this paragraph shall not be utilized to disapprove or conditionally approve a housing development project proposed for a site designated in any element of the general plan for residential uses or designated in any element of the general plan for commercial uses if residential uses are permitted or conditionally permitted within commercial designations. In any action in court, the burden of proof shall be on the local agency to show that its housing element does identify adequate sites with appropriate zoning and development standards and with services and facilities to accommodate the local agency's share of the regional housing need for the very low and low-income categories. State Department of Housing - 25 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- {e-}--This--section-does-noE-reGeva ##e--4osat agency (C) If the local a9ency has failed to identif+~ a zone or zones where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit has failed to demonstrate that the identified zone or zones include sufficient capacity to accommodate the need for emergency shelter (dentified in paragraph t7} of subdivision ta} of Section 65583 or has failed to demonstrate that the identified zone or zones can accommadate at (east one emergency shelter as required by paragraph {4} of subdivision ta} of Section 65583 then this paragraph shall not be utilized to disapprove or conditionally approve an emergency shelter proposed for a site show that its housing element does satisfy the requirements of paragraph {4} of subdivision {a} of Section 65583. {e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to relieve the local agency from complying with the Congestion Management Program required by Chapter 2.6 (commencing with Section 65088) of Division 1 of Title 7 or the California Coastal Act (Division 20 (commencing with Section 30000) of the Public Resources Code). ThisNeither shall anythin in this section also- des-netbe construed to relieve the local agency lesa~l-agency from making one or more of the findings required pursuant to Section 21081 of the Public Resources Code or otherwise complying with the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code). (f) ~=h+s{1 }Nothing in this section dees-rfatshall be construed to prohibit a local agency from requiring the development project to comply with objective, quantifiable, written development standards, conditions, and policies appropriate to, and consistent with, meeting the jurisdiction's share of the regional housing need pursuant to Section 65584. However, the development standards, conditions, and policies shall be applied to facilitate and accommodate development at the density permitted on the site and proposed by the development grojest- ~h}s. {2} Nothing in this section deer,-netshall be construed to prohibit a local agency from requiring an emergency shelter project to comply with objective quantifiable written development standards conditions and policies that are consistent with paragraph {4} of subdivision {a} of Section 65583 and appropriate to and consistent with meeting the iurlsdiction's need for emergency shelter as Identified pursuant to paragraph t7} of subdivision (a} of Section 65583. However- the development standards conditions. and policies shall be applied by the local agency to facilitate and accommadate the development of the emergencv shelter groiect. {3} This section does not prohibit a local agency from imposing fees and other exactions otherwise authorized by law that are essential to provide necessary public services and facilities to the development project or emergency shelter. (g) This section shall be applicable to charter cities because the Legislature finds that the lack of housing_includinq emergencyshelter. is a critical statewide problem. (h) The following definitions apply for the purposes of this section: (1) "Feasible" means capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, and technological factors. (2) "Housing development project" means a use consisting of either-any of the following: (A) Residential units only. State Department oiHousing - 26 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (B) Mixed-use developments consisting of residential and nonresidential uses in which nonresidential uses are limited to neighborhood commercial uses and to the first floor of buildings that are two or more stories. As used in this paragraph, "neighborhood commercial" means small-scale general or specialty stores that furnish goods and services primarily to residents of the neighborhood. (C} Transitional housing or supportive housing (3) "Housing for very low, low-, or moderate-income households" means that either (A) at least 20 percent of the total units shall be sold or rented to lower income households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the Health and Safety Code, or (B) 100 percent of the units shall be sold or rented to moderate-income households as defined in Section 50093 of the Health and Safety Code, or middle-income households, as defined in Section 65008 of this code. Housing units targeted for lower income households shall be made available at a monthly housing cost that does not exceed 30 percent of 60 percent of area median income with adjustments for household size made in accordance with the adjustment factors on which the lower income eligibility limits are based. Housing units targeted for persons and families of moderate income shall be made available at a monthly housing cost that does not exceed 30 percent of 100 percent of area median income with adjustments for household size made in accordance with the adjustment factors on which the moderate-income eligibility limits are based. (4) "Area median income" means area median income as periodically established by the Department of Housing and Community Development pursuant to Section 50093 of the Health and Safety Code. The developer shall provide sufficient legal commitments to ensure continued availability of units for very low or low-income households in accordance with the provisions of this subdivision for 30 years. (5) "Disapprove the development project" includes any instance in which a local agency does either of the following: (A) Votes on a proposed housing development project application and the application is disapproved. (B) Fails to comply with the time periods specified in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 65950. An extension of time pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 65950) shall be deemed to be an extension of time pursuant to this paragraph. (i) If any city, county, or city and county denies approval or imposes restrictions, including design changes, a reduction of allowable densities or the percentage of a lot that may be occupied by a building or structure under the applicable planning and zoning in force at the time the application is deemed complete pursuant to Section 65943, that have a substantial adverse effect on the viability or affordability of a housing development for very low, low-, or moderate-income households, and the denial of the development or the imposition of restrictions on the development is the subject of a court action which challenges the denial, then the burden of proof shall be on the local legislative body to show that its decision is consistent with the findings as described in subdivision (d) and that the findings are supported by substantial evidence in the record. Q) When a proposed housing development project complies with applicable, objective general plan and zoning standards and criteria, including design review standards, in effect at the time that the housing development project's application is determined to be complete, but the local agency proposes to disapprove the project or to approve it upon the condition that the project be developed at a lower density, the local agency shall base its decision regarding the proposed housing development project upon written findings supported by substantial evidence on the record that both of the following conditions exist: State Department of Housing • 27 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 833, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- (1) The housing development project would have a specific, adverse impact upon the public health or safety unless the project is disapproved or approved upon the condition that the project be developed at a lower density. As used in this paragraph, a "specific, adverse impact" means a significant, quantifiable, direct, and unavoidable impact, based on objective, identified written public health or safety standards, policies, or conditions as they existed on the date the application was deemed complete. (2) There is no feasible method to satisfactorily mitigate or avoid the adverse impact identified pursuant to paragraph (1), other than the disapproval of the housing development project or the approval of the project upon the condition that it be developed at a lower density. (k) The applicant or any person who would be eligible to apply for residency in the development or emergencv shelter may bring an action to enforce this section. If in any action brought to enforce the provisions of this section, a court finds that the local agency disapproved a project or conditioned its approval in a manner rendering it infeasible for the development of an emergency shelter. or housing for very low, low-, or moderate-income households including farmworker housing, without making the findings required by this section or without making sufficient findings supported by substantial evidence, the court shall issue an order or judgment compelling compliance with this section within 60 days, including, but not limited to, an order that the local agency take action on the development projector emergencv shelter. The court shall retain jurisdiction to ensure that its order or judgment is carried out and shall award reasonable attorney's fees and costs of suit to the plaintiff or petitioner who proposed the housing development or emergency shelter, except under extraordinary circumstances in which the court finds that awarding fees would not further the purposes of this section. If the court determines that its order or judgment has not been carried out within 60 days, the court may issue further orders as provided by law to ensure that the purposes and policies of this section are fulfilled, including, but not limited to, an order to vacate the decision of the local agency, in which case the application for the project, as constituted at the time the local agency took the initial action determined to be in violation of this section, along with any standard conditions determined by the court to be generally imposed by the local agency on similar projects, shall be deemed approved unless the applicant consents to a different decision or action by the local agency. (I) If the court finds that the local agency (1) acted in bad faith when it disapproved or conditionally approved the housing development or emergencv shelter in violation of this section and (2) failed to carry out the court's order or judgment within 60 days as described in {a0ra~l3 subdivision (k), the court in addition to any other remedies provided by this section, may impose fines upon the local agency that the local agency shall be required to deposit into a housing trust fund. Fines shall not be paid from funds that are already dedicated for affordable housing, including, but not limited to, redevelopment or low- and moderate-income housing funds and federal HOME and CDBG funds. The local agency shall commit the money in the trust fund within five years for the sole purpose of financing newly constructed housing units affordable to extremely low, very low, orlow-income households. For purposes of this section, "bad faith" shall mean an action that is frivolous or otherwise entirely without merit. (m) Any action brought to enforce the provisions of this section shall be brought pursuant to Section 1094.5 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and the local agency shall prepare and certify the record of proceedings in accordance with subdivision (c) of Section 1094.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure no later than 30 days after the petition is served, provided that the cost of State Department of Housing - 28 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- preparation of the record shall be borne by the local agency. Upon entry of the trial court's order, a party shall, in order to obtain appellate review of the order, file a petition within 20 days after service upon it of a written notice of the entry of the order, or within such further time not exceeding an additional 20 days as the trial court may for good cause allow. If the local agency appeals the judgment of the trial court, the local agency shall post a bond, in an amount to be determined by the court, to the benefit of the plaintiff if the plaintiff is the project applicant. (n) In any action, the record of the proceedings before the local agency shall be filed as expeditiously as possible and, notwithstanding Section 1094.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure or subdivision (m) of this section, all or part of the record may be prepared (1) by the petitioner with the petition or petitioner's points and authorities, (2) by the respondent with respondent's points and authorities, (3) after payment of costs by the petitioner, or (4) as otherwise directed by the court. If the expense of preparing the record has been borne by the petitioner and the petitioner is the prevailing party, the expense shall be taxable as costs. (o) This section shall be known, and may be cited, as the Housing Accountability Act. State Department of Housing - 29 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Attachment 2 Definitions State Department of Housing - 30 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 833, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Attachment 2 Definitions Emergency Shelters (Health and Safetv Code Section 50801(e) "Emergency shelter" means housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is limited to occupancy of six months or less by a homeless person. No individual or household may be denied emergency shelter because of an inability to pay. Transitional Housing (Health and Safetv Code Section 50675.21(h) "Transitional housing" and "transitional housing development" means buildings configured as rental housing developments, but operated under program requirements that call for the termination of assistance and recirculation of the assisted unit to another eligible program recipient at some predetermined future point in time, which shall be no less than six months. Supportive Housing (Health and Safetv Code 50675.14(b)) Housing with no limit on length of stay, that is occupied by the target population as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 53260, and that is linked to on- or off-site services that assist the supportive housing resident in retaining the housing, improving his or her health status, and maximizing his or her ability to live and, when possible, work in the community. Target Population Definition per HSC 532601d) (d) "Target population" means adults with low-income having one or more disabilities, including mental illness, HIV or AIDS, substance abuse, or other chronic health conditions, or individuals eligible for services provided under the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act (Division 4.5 (commencing with Section 4500) of the Weifare and Institutions Code) and may, among other populations, include families with children, elderly persons, young adults aging out of the foster care system, individuals exiting from institutional settings, veterans, or homeless people. State Department of Housing - 31- May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)' Attachment 3 Helpful Links State Department of Housing - 32 - May 2008 and Community Development -Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 (SB 2)- Attachment 3 Helpful Links National Alliance to End Homelessness http://www. endhomelessness. org/section/tools/tenvearplan Interagency Council on Homelessness http://WwW.1Ch. qov/ Interagency Council on Homelessness, Guide to Developing Plans and Examples http://www. ich. gov/slocal/index. htmt U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Homelessness Resource Center http://www. nrchmi. samhsa qov/(X(1)S(axpyp555dhn54z45ghpgvni4))/Default aspx~AspxAuto DetectCook~eSupport=1 The National Coalition for the Homeless -Local Resources in California http://www.nationalhomeless.org/resources/local/california html HCD Selected Bibliography on Homeless Issues http://www.hcd.ca.gov/hpd/biblio html Building Blocks for Effective Housing Elements (links to funding resources, data, policy and research on homelessness) http //www hcd ca qov/hpd/housing element/index htmt State Department of Housing - 33 - May 2008 and Community Development Exhihit F SB 2 Senate Bill Analysis, As Amended August 31, 2007 SB 2 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis 5B 2 Page 1 SENATE TNIRD READING se 2 ~Cedillol As Amended August 31, 2001 Majority vote SENATE VOTE :27-11 LOCAL GOVERNMENT 5-2 HODE ING 4-2 IAYes:ICaballero, De La Torre, I (Lieber, Saltlana, Soto I I I_____«_______________________ INays:IHOUSton, Smyth I IAYes:ISaltla na, Bass, Mu11 in, I Iswa nson I I INa ys:IGa s ia, shazon Runner I I .APPROPRIATIONS 10-fi IAyes:Leno, Caballero, Davis, I Desaulnieq I IHU Efman, Karnette, I IKrekorian, Ma, I SOlorio, De Leon I I I______________________________ INays:Wal[ers, Emmetson, La Malfd, Lieu, I Nakanishi, Sharon Runner ___ _$U14MAPY Regn i[es cities and cO Unt ies TO accOmmOddte [hell need for emergency shelters on sites where the use is allowetl without onditional use permit, and requires cities and counties to treat transitional and supportive housing projects a residential use of property. Specifically, [his bills . 1~Requtres Cities and COnnCies f0 identify in thei[ honsing elements a zone or zones where e ergency shelters a allowetl as a permitted use without a conditional use permitror other discretionary permit. SB 2 Page 2 215pecifies [ha[ the identified zone or zones sha 11 include sufficient capacity Co accommodate the need for emergency s halter. 31 Requites [ha[ each local government ide nt iEy a ones that c accommodate a[ leas[ one year-[ound emergency r ane kern 415pecif ies [ha[ if [he local government c not identify a zones with sufficient capacity, Che local government shall nclude a program to a end its z ing ordinance [o include uch a nes wait hin one year of the adoption of the hous ingzelemenLo 51 Allows [he local government to identify atltli[ional z where ergency shelters are permitted with a conditional use permit. 61 Requires the local government to demonstrate that existing or proposetl permit processing, development. and management standards are objective and encourage antl facilitate the development of e ergency shelters. "q States that e ergency shelters may only be subject Co [hose development and m nagemen[ standards that apply to r sidential mmercial development within the s zone, e rapt that a local government may apply written, objective standards that include all of [he following: a) The maximum number of beds or persons permitted to be served nightly by Che facility; BILL ANALTS IS Page 1 of 6 bl Off-street parking based upon demonstrated need, provided that the standards do no[ require m e parking for ergency shelters than for other residentia lror comma mial uses within the same zone, SB 2 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis cl The s and location of exterior and incerior ons ice waiting and client intake areas; dl The provision of onsite management; el The proximity [o other emergency shelters, provided that ergency shelters are not required [o by more than 300 feet apart; SB 2 _ ____. __.. ___.. Pdge 3 f) The length of stay; gl Lighting; and, hl Security during hours that the emergenry shelf er is m operation. 81 Specifies that the application of the permit processing, development, and m nagement standards is not a discretionary act unde[ the California Envi[o nmental Quality Act ICEQA). 91 Allows a local government that c n demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Department of Housing and Community Development IHCDI the e istence of one of mote e ergency shelters either within its jurisdiction or pursuant to a multi] urisdic[ional agreement that c accommodate its need for emergency sheltec to comply with the z ing requirements of the bill by itlen[if ying a one or zones owhere n emergency shelters are allowed with a conditional use permit ew 101Epecifies that a local government with a isting ortlinance ordinances [ha[ comply with the requirements of the bill must describe i its housing element how the e isting ordinances, policies, and standards comply but xdo not have to take additional action to itlentify zones for emergency shelter. 111 Requires the housing element's analysis of go ve mmental constraints on housing [o also tlemons[ra[e local efforts to r e governmental consf Taints that hinder the locality from ee[ing the need for supportive housing, transitional housing, and emergency shelter. 12)Specif ies that transitional housing and supportive housing shall be c Sider ed a residential u of property and shall be subject only to those [est[1 c[ions that apply to other residential dwellings of the same type in the same zone. 131 Requires local gave rnmen[s to a s the need for emergency shelter based o ual antl seasonal need. 141 Allows local governments to reduce [tie need for emergency shelter by the number of supportive housing units that are iden[if ied in an adopted 10-year plan to end chronic 58 2 ___ _ -. _____. _. _. - Page 4 homelessness antl Ghat are eithez v ant or for which footling has been identified to allow cons[ rvct ion tluring the planning period. 151 Applies the provisions of the Housing Accountability Att [o emer gen<y shelters. 16)Gpecif ies Lhat the Housing Accountability Act does not prohibit a local agency from requiring an emergency she l[er project to comply with objective, quantifiable, written development standards, conditions, and policies, as long as the standards, conditions, and policies a applied to facilitate and accommodate the development of the shelter. 1711ncl odes [iansi[ional housing and supportive housing within [he definition of "housing development project" under the Housing Accountability Act. E%ISTING LAW Page 2 of 6 1)S[ates [he intent of the Legislature to e e that local goverem~ents recognize [heir responslbili[y i achieving state housinq goals and adequately plan and cake steps [o meet those goals. SB 2 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis 2)Re quires each city and county to adopt a general plan that mclutles seven elements, ¢nclutling a housing element. 31 Requires Che housing element of the general plan to Lden[ify antl analyze c ent and prof ec[ed housing needs, make demographic projections, assess housing i en[ories, identify housing constraints, and establish community goals related [o housing for all income levels. 41Re quires the analysis of special housing needs within the housing element [o atltliess persons and families in need of emergency shelter. 5)Requires, prior to each housing element revision, [hat each cil of government (COG), r onj unction with HC D, prepare regional housing needs a smen[ antl allocate [o each jurisdiction in the regionaits fair share of [he Mousing need for all income categories. Where a COG does not e isq HCD determines [he local share of the region's housingxneed. SB 2 sage 5 6)Re quires each housing element Co identify atle quate sites [o satisfy the community's share of [Fe regional housing need. "I)Requires a city or county, to the extent that it does not have adequate sites for affordable housing within its existing entory of residentially zoned land, to adopt a program to rezone land to a mmoda[e the need o sites [ha[ allow for [he development of housing as a use by righq m ing [hat the local government may not require a and it Tonal use permit, planned unit development permit, or cother discretionary review or approval. 81 Requites the housing element [o provitle far [he following income categories: a) Extremely low-income 13DF or lower of area median income I ; bl Very low-income (50A or lower of area median incomel; c) Lower income 19DY or lower of area median incomel; d) Moderate income (between 80'n antl 1204 of area median incomel; and e) Above moderate-income (exceetling 120fi area metllan avcome) 91 Prohib its, under [he Housing Accountability Ac[, a local agency from tlisapproving specified affordable housing projects onditioning their approval in a m r that would render them infeasible unless the agency ma kesnwritten findings based n substantial evidence that the denial or wndi[ion rs for a specified, statutorily approvetl reason. FISCAL EFFECT Aeeording to [he Appropriations Committee, cities and c unties woultl incur the following non-reimbursable costs to comply with the bill's requirements: 11 FOr the additional housing element requirements related to er gency shelters: a total of 9]B cities and 5R counties must submit housing elements to [he state every five years, or an average of lo] local entities each year. Assuming an SB 2 _.- ease 6 additional cost averaging 55,000 each, annual costs over five years woultl be about $`JD O, 000. 2)ASSUming each city and county spends an average of 55,000 to designate z s for sine= ge ncy shelters, total costs woultl be about 52.] million. 31 The bill states that these mandated local government costs are not reimbursable because [he agencies affected have the authority to levy fees or other charges [o cover [he costs. _COM1ENT5_ Current housing element law requires each city and Page 3 of 6 SB 2 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis unty eo identify ana anal y~e ezia cing ana prof eccea housing ceetls, itlen[ify atle quate sites with appropriate zoning to meet the housing needs of all income segments of the community, and ure that regulatory systems provide opportunities foq and do not unduly constrain, housing development. To the extent that a mmunity does not have adequate sites within its existing o entory of r sidentially z ned lantl, [hen the c mmunity must adopt a program co r e land ac appropriate densities to mmotlate [he c ni[y's housing need for all i e groups. Rezoned sites must allow for [he development of housing a by right, which means that the local government may not requiree a conditional u e permit, planned unit development permit, o other discretionary r w or approval. Under by-right z in g, projects [hat meet the community's z ing and developmenton s[andartls are approved ministerially at the staff level. Housing element law also requires c nines to include an analysis of special housing needs, ~ncluding the need for ergency shelters, and a identification of zones where such housing is permitted, but ntloes no[ require that specific sites for special housing needs be identified. Current law, the Housing Acco untabili[y Act, formerly known a the anti-NIMBY (for "not i my back yard"I law, requires a city county [o make one of the following fintlings, based on substantial evitlence in the rem rd, rn order to disapprove an affordable housing project: 11 The city or county has adoptetl a updated housing element i substantial compliance with the law, and the community has me[ its share of the regional housing need for [hat rncome category. SB 2 _-__.. _ -_ - _. __ __. eage ~ 2)The project would have a specific, adverse impact on the public health or safety, and [here is no way [o mitigate or avoid the impact. 31 The tlenial is required to comply with state or fetleral law. 9)TM1e project is located on agricultural o ur<e preservation land that does no[ have adequate water or waste water facilities. 51 The jurisdiction has identified sufficient and adequate sites to accommodate its share of the [egional housing need antl [he project is i ons isten[ with both the general plan land use tles ignation and the zoning ordinance. Because emergency shelters do not contain housing nits," they are no[ c sideretl housing projects and are the[efore not prote<tetl by anti-NIMBY law. According Co the author's office, Che ie are an estimatetl 360,000 homeless intlividuals and families in California. Because homelessness affects all r genders, age, and geographic areas of [he state, the author belteves there is a growing need for a ery city and c unty Co plan for the location of adequate shelters antl transitional housing Co accemmotlaCe its respective eea. Beeapae of cne nlgn i citlente oe menaal ill neaa and substance abuse among homeless indrvltluals, it i also n ary to ensure the adequate provision of Lransitionalsantl supportive housing facilities to serve these populations. The current 'Y// disproportionate a ail abi Ll ty of shelters and s rvi ce pro vi tle rs cross regl ona and e[I~e ata to lea tls to the c entia Lion o£ Che homeless i cities and poor communitresclike Skid Row in downtown Los rAngel es. This bill seeks to help address homelessness i r that i equl Cable to all r unl[i es by requirlnq e ery city and c untys to identify a z e or z where emergency shelters c n locate without a conditional u eepermit o other discretionary approval. The identified zone o zones must have sufficient capacity Co address each c mmuni ty's own need for e ergency shelter and must be able to accommodate a[ least one year-[ountl shelter. if a local government already has sufficient emergency shelter space to meet its need, is does not have to comply with Page 4 of 6 SB 2 -_. __ _. ___ eage SB 2 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis the by-right zoning requirement but rather c n comply with [he requirements of the bill by itlent ifying a e o[ zones where shelters a allowed with a conditional use permit. Local governmentsewho have already met Che z ing requirements do not have to take any further action at [he local level but must des ¢ibe how their existing ortl finances and policies are onsistent with the requirements of the bill. The bill also requires cif ies antl c unties [o treat transitional housing and supportive housing like any s milar r sitlen[ial project. Atltlitionally, the bill p[ohib its cities and c unties from disapproving shelters and [[ansitional and supportive housing projects without legitimate grounds. Press accounts r recent years from [he Los Angeles and Sacramento regions have des cribetl cases r which taw enfosement officials, hospitals, and other institutions have transported homeless intlividua is [o other juris dic[ions due to the lack of -~ n the lndlvlduals' own communiti es. WhLle the direct transportation of homeless intlividuals may o may not be wltleapread, the lack of services in many coimauniti es has [he same ffect by fo sing people in need of s ~- jurisdictional lines. This bill see YS to address [he otlirect and indirect tlumping that oc urs when c mmunities fail to provide shelter antl serva ces for their own residents. The author is concerned that provitlers of e ergemy shelters encounter tremendous r sistan ce at the local level antl fintl i[ difficult to obtain Che <ontli[ional use permit that is generally required of such facilities. Atltlitionally, service provide is have found that there are communities that have no zones i which these types of uses are al lowetl, even with a contllt Tonal use permit, creating a de facto ban. To the extent that this bill leaves i[ to each c mmunity to ascertain its own needs for e ergency shelters antl to find appropriate sites for such facilities, this bill maintains a high level of local control. while cities and counties must provide z nes where a ergency shelters c n locate without a ontlit Tonal use permit if their need foa such facilities has not already been met, [hey are allowetl [o require that shelters adhere [o objective stanch rtls related to factors such as the umber of beds, off-street parking, waiting areas, client intake areas, onsite m nagemenq the proximity of shelters to one another, [he length of stay, lighting, and security. In SB 2 - _ _- _-_ __- __ _. _ _ Pa 9e 9 addition, cities and c unties can reduce their need for emergency shelter by itlentiEying supportive housing units that are either vacant or for which funding i ailable to allow construction during the housing element planning periotl. This bill is simil ai, al[hou gh not identical, [o SB 1322 Icedillo) of 200fi, which w vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegge[. The veto m sage scat ed inapar L: "Though the intentions of this bill a e laudable, [he specifics of the measure would place OV2C1 yrb ULd ens 0lne mandates O Cltl es and COUnt1ES. Specifically, this measure would preclutle a local government from consitlering the overall needs and c ce rn of its community by limiting its authority to contli[ion o[nden yacertain projects as woultl otherwise be allowed by law. Such mandated, or by righq z ninq not only presumes [hat all Calif oinia cities antl counties have a neetl for these facilities, bUt a150 u urps local government discretion hand] tlenies the impac[etl population groups the right to have their Voice heartl." Analysis Prepared by Anya Lawler / L. GOV. / (9161 319-3958 Page 5 of 6 FN: 0002979 SB 2 Senate Bill -Bill Analysis Page 6 of 6 Adopted: October 20, 2008 Effective: October 20, 2008 ORDINANCE NO. ?IC-1288 4 6 AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS WITH APPROVAL OF A BUILDING PERMIT WITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 3RD STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF, AND TAHING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. The Mayor and Common Council of the City of San Bernardino do ordain as follows: WHEREAS, Section 40(z) of the City Charter vests the Mayor and Common Council with 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 the power to make and enforce all laws and regulations with respect to municipal affairs, subj ect only to the restrictions and limitations provided in the Charter or by State law; and WHEREAS, Sections 31 and 121 of the City Charter provide for the adoption of an urgency ordinance for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety if passed by a two third's (2/3) vote of the Council; and WHEREAS, Government Code Section 65858 provides that for the purpose ofprotecting the public safety, health, and welfare, the legislative body of a city may adopt, without following the procedures otherwise required prior to the adoption of a zoning ordinance, as an urgency measure, an interim ordinance, by a vote of fourth-fifths (4/5) majority, prohibiting any uses that maybe in conflict with a contemplated general plan, specific plan, or zoning proposal that the legislative body, planning commission or the planning department is considering or studying or intends to study within a reasonable time; and WHEREAS, effective January 1, 2008, Chapter 633, Statutes of 2007 ("Senate Bill 2") amends California Government Code Section 65583 to require local governments to amend their General Plan Housing Element to identify a land use zone wherein emergency homeless shelters are F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance IO-16-Og.wpd MC-1288 1 a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit; and, 2 WHEREAS, Senate Bi112 amends Government Code Section 65589.5(d) to provide that a 3 local agency shall not disapprove a land use application for an emergency shelter within any zone, 4 5 or conditionally approve a land use application for an emergency shelter within any zone in such 6 manner as to render the project infeasible, unless it makes written findings, based upon substantial 7 evidence in the record as to one of five (5) findings; and 8 WHEREAS, finding number five (5) under Government Code Section 65589. S(d) provides 9 the exception that: 10 11 The...emergency shelter is inconsistent with both the jurisdiction's zoning ordinance and general plan land use designation as specified in any element of the general plan as 12 it existed on the date the application was deemed complete, and the jurisdiction has adopted a revised housing element in accordance with Section 65588 that is in 13 substantial compliance with this article. 14 WHEREAS, finding number five (5) is subject to the further requirement that the exception 15 is not available if the local agency has failed to identify a zone or zones wherein emergency shelters 16 17 are allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit; and 18 WHEREAS, through the adoption of an urgency ordinance amending the City of San 19 Bernazdino Development Code which identifies a zone or zones where emergency shelters are 20 allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use or other discretionary permit, the City will be 21 22 in substantial compliance with the above described exception pursuant to California Government 23 Code Section 65583(a)(4)(D); and 24 WHEREAS, Senate Bill 2 recognizes that legislative bodies, prior to the adoption of a 25 revised Housing Element in compliance with Senate Bi112, may adopt a zoning ordinance which 26 identifies a zone or zones where emergency shelters are allowed as a permitted use without a 27 28 conditional use permit or other discretionary permit, and thus recognizes that the adoption of said F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\ErnergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 2 MC-1288 1 ordinance may constitute substantial compliance with Senate Bi112; and 2 WHEREAS, the City of San Bemazdino Development Code currently includes emergency 3 homeless shelters in the category of social services with residential components, which are allowed 4 5 as a conditionally permitted use City-wide in several residential and commercial land use districts 6 and throughout the IL, Industrial Light land use district with such conditions that do not render such 7 projects infeasible for development; and 8 WHEREAS, the City of San Bemazdino, in a variety of locations, currently has several 9 existing emergency shelters which provide a total of 267 beds for the homeless, in addition to the 10 11 Salvation Army's 124-bed yeaz round homeless shelter for men currently under construction within 12 the proposed Emergency Shelter Overlay Zone, at 363 South Doolittle Road, and another Salvation 13 Army 150-bed homeless shelter for families and children at 925 W. 10`h Street, which application 14 is cunrently under review (see list of service providers attached as Exhibit A to the Staff Report and 15 16 which is incorporated herein by reference); and 17 WHEREAS, on May 19, 2008, the City of San Bemazdino retained a consultant, The 18 Planning Center, to update the General Plan Housing Element. The Planning Center has extensive 19 experience with housing element prepazation and the certification review process with the California 20 Depaztment of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The City's Request for Proposals 21 22 issued on January 2, 2008, specifically stated that an update of the City's General Plan Housing 23 Element in compliance with Senate Bill 2 was needed, among other requirements. The City's 24 contract with The Planning Center specifically listed the requirements of Senate Bi112 in the Scope 25 of Work, including an identification and analysis of the needs of homeless persons and families in 26 the City of San Bernardino as required by Senate Bi112; and 27 28 WHEREAS, as identified on HCD's website as of October 17, 2008, no city out of the 24 F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-0S.wpd 3 MC-1288 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 cities in the County of San Bernardino and no city out of the 24 cities in the County of Riverside has adopted and received HCD certification of a revised Housing Element; and WHEREAS, in spite of significant budget cuts and the loss of numerous employees, the City of San Bemazdino has made substantial progress in complying with the requirements of Senate Bill 2. The Preliminary Draft of the revised Housing Element is expected from The Planning Center in November 2008; and WHEREAS, the Mayor and Council recognize that Senate Bill 2 requires that the City's General Plan Housing Element must include land use zones which will provide sufficient opportunities for new emergency shelters to meet the need identified in the consultant's analysis; and WHEREAS, the Mayor and Council find that the existing emergency shelters, the emergency shelters under construction, and the new emergency shelters proposed for construction, together with opportunities for development of new emergency shelters in the residential and commercial land use districts with the approval of a Conditional Use Permit, and the adoption of this Urgency Ordinance, which will permit new emergency shelters with approval of a building permit within the IL, Industrial Light, Land Use District lying South of 3`s Street, East of Waterman Avenue, and North of Central Avenue (520.3 acres), will provide sufficient emergency shelters to meet the needs of the homeless in the City of San Bemazdino in the interim, until a revised Housing Element in full compliance with Senate Bill 2 is adopted by the City. WHEREAS, the Mayor and Common Council make the following findings of a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety and welfaze as required by California Government Code Section 65858: 1. The City of San Bernardino has sufficient emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing facilities in existence as "grandfathered" uses under prior versions of the F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10.16-08.wpd 4 MC-1288 Development Code. It also has numerous low-income housing developments and 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 it 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 government subsidized housing facilities which lower the threshold of the transition from homelessness to sheltered. 2. As a consequence ofthe recent housing crisis and ofprevious housing crises, the City of San Bemazdino has experienced a history of housing affordability relative to other communities which has facilitated the location in San Bemazdino of sufficient emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing facilities that accommodate six (6) or fewer unrelated adults and are not therefore subject to regulation by the City. 3. Because of the systemic hostility of other regional entities to the presence of homeless persons, the City of San Bemazdino is in the same posture as downtown Los Angeles in terms of the disproportionate supply of shelter and service providers across the region that has led to a disproportionate concentration of homeless persons in the City of San Bemazdino. There exists a confusion as to the needs of the San Bemazdino homeless, the regional homeless who migrate to San Bernardino, and the national homeless for whom San Bemazdino is a warm weather stop. 4. The concentration ofhomeless persons in the City of San Bernardino, including the mentally ill and those suffering substance abuse, is detrimental to their rehabilitation in that they have developed in some instances, and have become part of informal but enduring networks that support their illness against the efforts of the local institutions for their rehabilitation. 5. The improper location ofemergency shelters in all parts of the City of San Bernardino, at this time of economic crisis in the housing market, will facilitate the entrenchment of land uses in such manner as to further perpetuate the disproportionate distribution of services across the region and will in fact serve to accelerate the processes Senate Bill 2 seeks to defeat. F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergencyshelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 5 MC-1288 1 NOW THEREFORE, THE MAYOR AND COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN 2 BERNARDINO DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: 3 Section 1. The Mayor and Common Council find that the above-stated Recitals are true 4 5 and hereby adopt and incorporate them herein. 6 Section 2. San Bernazdino Municipal Code (Development Code) Section 19.02.050, 7 Definitions, is hereby amended to add the definition of "Emergency Shelter" to read as follows: 8 19.02.050 DEFINITIONS 9 Emergency Shelter. As used in Government Code Section 65582, 65583, and 65589.5 10 11 (Senate Bill-2), and as defined in Health and Safety Code Section 50801(e), "emergency shelter" 12 means housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is limited to occupancy of 13 six months or less by a homeless person. No individual or household may be denied emergency shelter 14 because of an inability to pay. Also referred to as a "homeless shelter","homeless facility", or "social 15 service center with a residential component." 16 Section 3. San Bemazdino Municipal Code (Development Code) Section 19.08.020, Table 17 18 08.01, Industrial Districts List of Permitted Uses, is hereby amended to allow Emergency Shelters as 19 a permitted use, requiring a building pemut in the Emergency Shelter Overlay District of the IL, 20 Industrial Light, Land Use District pursuant to Development Code Chapter 19.10-E, see Exhibit A, 21 attached hereto and incorporated herein. 22 Section 4. San Bernardino Municipal Code (Development Code) Chapter 19.10-E. 23 24 Emergency Shelter Overlay District, is hereby added to read as shown on Exhibit B, attached hereto 25 and incorporated herein. 26 27 28 F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 6 MC-1288 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Section 5. Pursuant to the requirements of Senate Bi112, the Mayor and Common Council hereby direct the Development Services Department to implement a program to amend the City's zoning ordinances to meet the requirements of Government Code Section 65583(a)(4)(A) within one yeaz of the adoption of the City's revised Housing Element of the General Plan. Section 6: This Ordinance is based upon the recitals and findings set forth above, and the accompanying Staff Report and its attachments to this Ordinance, and is adopted pursuant to the authority granted to the City of San Bernardino in Article 11, Section 7 of the California Constitution, and Sections 31, 40(z), and 121 of the Charter of the City of San Bernardino and California Government Code Section 65858. Section 7: Pursuant to Sections 31 and 121 of the Charter of the City of San Bernardino and Government Code Section 65858, this Ordinance shall take effect immediately. This Ordinance shall be of no further force and effect 45 days from its date of adoption unless extended by action of the Mayor and Common Council. Section 8: Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act. The Mayor and Common Council finds that this Ordinance is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15061(b)(3) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical change to the environment, directly or indirectly. Section 9: Severability. If any section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or Phrase in this Ordinance or any part thereof is for any reason held to be unconstitutional, invalid or ineffective by any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity or F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters.Urgency Ordinance 10-16-08.wpd 7 MC-1288 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 I 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 effectiveness of the remaining portions of this Ordinance or any part thereof. The Mayor and Common Council hereby declares that it would have adopted each section irrespective of the fact that any one or more subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses, or phrases be declared unconstitutional, invalid, or ineffective. /// /// /// F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyBhelters.Urgency Ordinance IO-16-08.wpd 8 MC-1288 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 I AN URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN BERNARDINO AMENDING SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL CODE (DEVELOPMENT CODE) SECTION 19.02.050, 19.08.020, TABLE 08.01, AND ADDING CHAPTER 19.10-E, EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT, TO PERMIT EMERGENCY SHELTERS WITH APPROVAL OF A BUILDING PERMIT WITHIN AREAS OF THE IL, INDUSTRIAL LIGHT, LAND USE DISTRICT LYING SOUTH OF 31D STREET, EAST OF WATERMAN AVENUE AND NORTH OF CENTRAL AVENUE, DECLARING THE URGENCY THEREOF, AND TAHING EFFECT IMMEDIATELY. I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing Ordinance was duly adopted by the Mayor and Council of the City of San Bernazdino at a i t regular meeting thereof, held on the20th day of October , 2008, by the following vote, to wit: COUNCIL MEMBERS: AYES NAYS ESTRADA % BAXTER % BRINKER % DERRY % ABSTAIN ABSENT KELLEY % JOHNSON % MC CAMMACK % ~~.~.,~. ~. C.(.~~.fz Rachel Clark, City Clerk The foregoing Ordinance is hereby approved this ~' day of October , 2008. PA CK J. MO ~r ' of San Bernazdino Approved as to form: FAMES F. PENMAN ~ity Attorney 10-16-08.wpd 9 MC-1288 EXHIBIT A CHAPTER 19.08 INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS 19.08.020 PERMITTED, DEVELOPMENT PERMITTED AND CONDITIONALLY PERMITTED USES The following list represents those primary uses in the manufacturing/industrial zoning districts which are Permitted (P), subject to a Development Permit (D) or a Conditional Use Permit (C): TABLE 08.01 INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS LIST OF PERMITTED USES MC 888 12/6/93 LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OIP IL IH )E 1. Accessory structures/uses typically appurtenant to a D D D D D principally permitted land use activity; 2. Agricultural Production-crops; - - - D D 3. Agricultural Services; D - D D - 4. Assembling, cleaning, manufacturing, processing, D D' D D - repairing or testing of products including automotive related (except dismantling) and welding and excluding explosives, conducted entirely within an enclosed structure except for screened outdoor storage areas; 5. Assembling, cleaning, manufacturing, processing, repair of D - - D - products, research, storage, testing or wholesale land uses (except explosives) with a portion of the operation (other than storage) occurring outside of the enclosed structure: A. Outside land uses in the CH and Ill districts within I50 feet of a residential land use district; C - - C - 6. Concrete batch plants, processing of minerals and - - - C C aggregate and other related land uses, not including extraction activities; 7. Crematory; D - D D - 8. Dwelling unit for afull-time security guard and family; D D D 9. Educational Service, including day care; D D D C - 10. Emereencv Shelters - - PZ - - 11. Entertainment/Recreational Uses: A. Adult Entertainment C - C - - B. Auditoriutns, Convention Halls and Theaters C C - - - F:\EDIPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters Industrial DistriMS with E overlay 10-16-08.doc MC-1288 LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OH' H. IH IE C. Miscellaneous Indoor; and D C D D - D. Miscellaneous Outdoor C C C C 12. Financial; D D - 13. Fuel Dealers; C - C D - 14. Funeral Parlors/Mortuaries; D - D D - 15. Gasoline Service Stations; D - D D 16. Heliports/FIelipads; C C C C C 17. Impound Vehicle Storage Yards (with or without towing) C - C D - 18. Membership organizations, including religious facilities, D D D meeting halls, and fraternal lodges; 19. MiningBxtraction, including aggregate, coal, gas, metal - - - - C and oil; 20. Mobile Home Dealers (sales and service); D - D D - 21. Offices/Services (administrative and professional); D D D 22. Outdoor contractor's, lumber, and rental yazds and storage D - D D D areas for building supplies; 23. Outdoor Horticultural Nurseries; D - D D D 24. Pazking Lots; D D D D D 25. Personal Services; D D' D' - - 26. Pipelines (As defined by Section 19.20.030[12][E] or as C C C C C superseded by State or Federal law); 27. Public utility uses, distribution and transmission substations and communication equipment structures; 28. Publishing/Printing Plants; 29. Railroad Yards; 30. Recycling Facilities; 31. Reseazch and Development, including laboratories; 32. Retail Commercial; 33. Salvage and Wrecking (dismantling) yards; 34. Salvage and Wrecking Facilities (completely within an enclosed structure); 35. Social Service Centers; 36. Swap Meets; 37. Towing Services; 38. Transportation/DisMbution; 39. Truck Stops; 40. Veterinary Services/Animal Boazding; 41. Warehousing and Wholesaling, including self-service mini-storage; and D D D D D D D D D - - - - D - (In compliance with Section 19.06.030[2][P]) D D D D - D D' D' - - C C C - C C - C° C - C C C D - D D - D - D D - - - C C - D - D - - D - D D - F:\EMPENO\Ordinances\Emergency Shelters Industrial Districts ~sith E overlay 10.16-08.doc MC-1288 LAND USE ACTIVITY CH OIP IL IH IE 42. Other A. Antennas, Satellite and Vertical; D D D D D B. Cleaning/Janitorial; D D D - C. Copy Centers/Postal Service Centers/Blueprinting; D D D D. Equestrian Trails; p p p p p E. Fences/VJalls; D D D D D F. Police/Fire Protection; D D D D D G. Single-Family Residential p p p p p (Existing - MC 823 3/2/92); and H. Temporary Uses (Subject to [T] Temporary Use Permit) T T T T T 'Except auto related. ?Permitted in the Emer¢encv Shelter Overlay District in the II. District pursuant to Chapter 19 10-E._ ' Incidental to a primary use, and contained within a primary structure (15% max.). °Commission recommends to Council for final detemlination. Other similar uses which the Director fords to fit within the purpose/intent of the zones, in compliance with Section 19.02.070(3). /// /// F9EMPENO~OrdinancesiEmcrgency Shelters Industrial Districts with E merlay 10.16-OS.doc MC-1288 EXHIBIT B CHAPTER 19.10-E EMERGENCY SHELTER OVERLAY DISTRICT 19.10-E.O10 PURPOSE The purpose of this chapter is to provide for an area within the II,. Industrial Light land use district. as referenced in Table 08.01 of Chapter 19.08. where emergency shelters. in accordance with Government Code Section 65583. aze allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use Hermit, or other discretionary permit. Reco izing the need for available and affordable sites for establishment of emergency shelters uses outside the traditional locations in residential and commercial districts. the Emergency Shelter Overlay District Hrovides an area within the IL district for new emergency shelters to be inte~sated with light industrial uses and existin sg ocial services in the azea. The ~uroose of the desimlated boundaries (azea of applicability) is to maximize the potential for cooperation and synervv of emergency shelters and social services in the Emergency Shelter Overlay District. 19.10-E.020 AREA OF APPLICABILITY regulations and development standazds for industrial uses in the IL District as specified in Chapter 19.08 shall remain in effect. The effect of the Emergency Shelter Overlay District shall be to define the azea of applicability where emergency shelters shall also be permitted with the approval of a building permit. and to add general and specific development standazds for emergency shelters within the II, land use district. 19.10-E.030 GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. Emergency shelters located within the Emergency Shelter Overlay District shall be developed and operated according to the land use regulations development standazds and desi~l euidelines for the IL District in this Chapter 19.10-E and in Chapter 19.08 Industrial Districts. 2 Emergency shelters shall be Qermitted with the approval of a building_permit within the Emergency Shelter Overla~District as specified in Table 08.01 in Chapter 19.08. F:~EMPENO\Ordinances~Emergency5hel[ers Chap 19.10.E -10.16-0B.doc MC-1288 19.10-E.040 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 1 The followine standazds shall apply to the development of specific emergency shelters within the Emergency Shelter Overlay District: A. EMERGENCY SHELTERS Emergencv shelters providing temporary housing and su~nort services to homeless persons shall be permitted in the Emergencv Shelter Overlay District of the IL, Industrial Light land use district subject to the standazds in this Section. As social services with residential components emergency shelters are also conditionally permitted in several residential and commercial land use districts and throu out the IL Industrial Light land use district. The following standazds shall be required for development or establishment of emergency shelters in the Emergencv Shelter Overlay District: (I) The maximum resident capacity shall be 50: (21 The maximum len of stay shall be 6 months: [31 The minimum site area shall be one acre: (4) The site shall be located no more than 1,000 feet from a public transit stop: (51 No emergency shelter shall be established on any site less than 500 feet from any existing_sinele-family residence K-12 school pazk liquor store or other business with an Alcoholic Beverage Control license to sell alcohol for off-site consumption or adult business per Section 19.06.030 (21(Al(11: (61 No emergency shelter shall be established on any site less than 300 feet from the site of another emergency shelter: (7) Off street pazkin~ shall be~rovided at a ratio of one space per 1 000 square feet of gross floor azea or one sroace for each ei~lovee on the lazgest shift plus one space for each agencyvehicle plus three visitoraces whichever is egr ater• Fencing and exterior lightine conforming to the development standazds of Chanter 19 20 shall be required to ensure the security of site residents: (91 A security and management plan shall be required to demonstrate adequate plans and capability to berate the emergency shelter in a safe and effective manner, includingcomplete descriptions of the followine: U Fencing lighting video cameras and any other physical improvements intended to provide or enhance security for residents and staff: F9EMPENO\Ordinances\EmergencyShelters Chap 19.10-E - ]0.16-08.doc MC-1288 (bl Staffing_plans including the qualifications and responsibilities of all staff members and the number and positions of emnlovees on each shift• (cl Procedures and policies for screening of potential residents to identify individuals who should be referred to medical facilities residential care facilities. other service agencies or law enforcement• (d~ Plans and policies for daily operations and supervision of residents• (el Support services to be offered to residents. including life skills trainin,.g, counseling, referral to other service agencies and job placement assistance• (fl Plans to coordinate services of the facility with other homeless service providers in San Bernardino County to improve the effectiveness of the network of agencies serving the homeless countywide F:~EMPENO~Ordinances~EmergentyShdten Chap 19.10.E -10.16-08.doc