HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-Presentations
~
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Visioning a
Healthy Community
. into Record at
oIcillCmvOevCms Mtg: / I
bV
fe Ayellda Item '
:~
City of San Bernardino I
Youth Visioning Summit
/> I , I
Ii-
CIl, Clerk/COe Secy
Cltv JI ~"" tl"llIiHdinu
Hunt Elementary School
Wednesday, November 17, 1999
L ~
/ 'A~ 4ht?/kc;
~.3
,'.~ /..,,, /,...
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
The City of San Bernardino
Blight Education Program
For the past two years elementary school students have participated
in the City of San Bernardino Blight Buster Program, a unique
education program coordinated by the City's Public Services
Department. The goals of the Blight Buster Program include educating
students about the harmful effects of blight on the community and
encouraging youth to take an active part in the City's fight against
blight.
In an effort to meet the goals of the program, students are offered
the opportunity to participate in interactive presentations; a brown
bag art contest; regular neighborhood clean ups coordinated by the
participating schools; the annual Citywide Clean up; the Beautiful Home
& Business Award Program; and partnership with local neighborhood
associations. Additional grant funding in 1999 made it possible to add
a new component, the hosting of a Youth Visioning Summit.
Currently ten elementary schools are participating in the Blight Buster
Program. The.schools that are invited to participate in the program
meet the following criteria: the school is located within a priority area
identified by the City's Code Compliance Department; and the school is
willing to incorporate the various components of the Blight Buster
Program at the school.
Grant funding . from California Healthy Cities and Communities has
allowed the program to expand each year. The funding is used to
offer school, classroom, and student incentives to encourage
participation. The Blight Buster Program is a collaborative effort
between the City of San Bernardino, San Bernardino City Unified
School District, and California Healthy Cities and Communities.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
Youth Visioning Summit
Students participating in the City's Blight Buster Program have
started the new millenium with a new vision for the City of San
Bernardino. Student representatives from eight elementary schools
participating in the Blight Buster Program participated in San
Bernardino's first Youth Visioning Summit at Hunt Elementary School
on November 17, 1999.
The goal of the Youth Visioning Summit was to provide an opportunity
for youth participants to discuss and decide what components
contribute to and are necessary for a healthy community. Each school
was asked to select five student representatives to attend and
participate in the Youth Visioning Summit. Student representatives
were selected by the principal and staff of each individual school site.
The 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students gathered at Hunt Elementary
School and participated in a variety of team building activities lead by
young adult facilitators from local high schools and colleges. The team
building activities unified the students and prepared them for the
'visioning" activity at the end of the day. A graphic artist recorded
the vision statement and the activities that occurred throughout the
day.
The students were asked as a group to dream of what they would like
in the 'perfect" San Bernardino and the responses were simple and
straight-forward. The students would like to see a trash-free San
Bernardino where there are lots of trees and plants, people mow their
lawns, and there are fewer stray animals. They see the future of San
Bernardino as a city where neighborhoods are safe and there is no
violence, no drugs, and people drive safely. The future San Bernardino
is an incredible place where people are friendly and kind, and the
community members have respect not only for themselves, but for
others as well. It is also a place where community members volunteer,
work together as a team, and everyone gets along.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
I
I
This amazing group of students also created the following vIsion
statement for the City: "Our vision of a healthy city is a place
where older.. people learn from younger people and younger people
learn from older people. In our neighborhood, people of all ages
create a clean, dNg-free place. Our community is a safe place to
live. Our vision of a healthy city for tomorrow begins with our
actions today. H
Everything these students dream of for the future of San Bernardino
is achievable. It is our challenge as community members and City
leaders to make this 'vision" a reality. What can you do to help? Set
an example for the children in your neighborhood by making sure your
home and yard is maintained. Get involved in your neighborhood by
becoming an act[ve member of a Neighborhood Cluster Association. If
community members of all ages work together San Bernardino can
become the healthy city that these students envision.
The vision statement created at the Youth Visioning Summit will be
used to guide the future activities and components of the Blight
Buster Program. Plans are already being made for a Year 2000 Youth
Visioning Summit where students will discuss the progress toward the
vision statement and dream of a healthy San Bernardino. Participating
schools are also planning Project Days were students from
participating schools will have an opportunity to work together on
beautification projects.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
,I
I
I
Youth Visioning Summit Student Representatives
Ramona-Alessandro Elementary School
Shacy Brooks Laura Resendez
Randy Carreon Michael Vollkommer
Brandon Erwin Christian Zelaya
Bradley Elementary School
Mayra Alvarez Amber Overstreet
Alina Camacho Johny Vargas
Gregory Murrell
Hu Dinh
Shavonne McGhee
Jose Ortega
Emmerton Elementary School
Toi Somerville
Lucinda Romo
Tami Bi
Lidia Carrillo
Justin Duke
Hunt Elementary School
Frankie Garcia
Jazmine Gutierrez
Uncoln Elementary School
Meghan Ansley Cameron Inge
Pearl Curiel Michelle Flores
Lytle Creek 8ementary School
Breona Davis Paul Sistoza
Christopher Davis-Garland Maira Vargas
Hugo Preciado
Riley Elementary School
Doraceli Benavides Roberto Munoz
Yajaira Cruz Mike Villa
Amber Lassiter
Rio Vista Elementary School
Jasmine Henderson Kevin Sy
Kenneth Lakey David Westerfield
Adrienne Moreno
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
'.
n
Special Thanks
Participating Schools
Student representatives in the Youth Visioning Summit were from the
following schools: Ramona-Alessandro, Bradley, Emmerton, Hunt,
Lincoln, Lytle Creek, Riley, and Rio Vista.
Youth Visioning Summit Facilitators
The facilitators for the Youth Visioning Summit consisted of a team of
young adults trained and experienced in youth visioning facilitation.
The facilitating team was led and coordinated by Tim Doyle, with
assistance from Dora Avellaneda. The team of facilitators included:
Michelle Arreola, Rebecca Avellaneda, Angelica Balderas, Gilbert
Beltran Jr., Michael Benitez, Desiree Jimni Adkins, and Isabel Salazar.
Graphic Recording
Sheryl Nigro was the graphic recorder for the youth Visioning Summit.
Location Sponsor
Special Thanks to Hunt Elementary School for sponsoring the Youth
Visioning Summit.
Lunch Sponsor
Lunch was provided courtesy of Home Town Buffet in Lorna Linda.
Special thanks to Community Representatives Mar ji Barakian and
Sabrina Calloway.
Youth Visioning Summit Coordinators
The Youth Visioning Summit was coordinated by Linda Ceballos,
Environmental Projects Coordinator from the City of San Bernardino
Public Services Department, with assistance from Blight Buster
Program Steering Committee members, Colleen Andersen, Dan
Arellano, Teri Baker, Anne Caldwell, Peggi Hazlett, and Carol Waitman.
...
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Summit Registration
Students from participating schools arrive at Hunt Elementary for the
Youth Visioning Summit.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Getting Acquainted
-
Students get
acquainted with
Summit facilitator
Tim Doyle, while
waiting for the
activities to begin.
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Introduction Activity
Student
representatives
get to know each
other as young
adult facilitators
lead an
introduction
activity.
Participants were
divided into groups
by the color of
lifesaver they
selected.
.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Recording the Event
I
Sheryl Nigro. a
graphic recorder.
begi ns by
recording the
introductions.
Sheryl recorded
all of the events
that took place
during the Summit.
l
I
\ ~, l'( 1.0, ~\ERf~ I~ \ '"~
~ ~~ -;-.~"".,.'- 1: IW::LJ
~ VI.; ~ -../ if/
'lll."(l Hl1\'-lll"!:. k.
"":J J ~V'SIIN~ J t'1:J
v/? ~ W& v,~
"=?~.~.1N<.~ ;.,";
L~Y'!;J I<- - J I.
Y VII ~ \ \~J\j IclF '1\\ 'If:C- \I{ \ 1"0
IR. ,,''''.J 'Y ! J J .../
\.1\' lr\yr;". .../ 'tH.!l'" ../ n, II \;- ~
J J 4C JI~I~I~(
Uf\lJ .":tl.l~L J
.J J
lifYO\l..
/ or","' r.-""llrn
_(\."../~1.""""'~14.."'""l>'1
{1l111~', III
U\I)\#.I IflHI
O',\\~
I
I -
I ~
1~1
~ r
I. ~ J I
I ~~I
. .I
1-
fS;'
I~
I
I
I
I
I
I:
I
I
I '.
.~, ';0
~
r.,<:'"'
!:.~
-
o c;,,; ~
:1f."i"
~ .
"1'J -- d
':>
-.
-
.:-
I [
i."';
~- '-~ ..'
-~- , ~w.~iit
I .-
I
('l"'\
<.
~
~
......
;;:::..
(1'\
.
,
-
-, -
l5, \- ~ ; _
~ , .::-
{~ r
'-~ ~;i
l ~ "
~\'\
l ..
"'~~
,
l
, ,
-\ "C..
(; ~ ~
\.... i~ ~ ~< ~
p -~
: rn t
'-~ ~ ~ ;:.-
(-....
: I'
1~
~
~
(r-
""")~
(~ ~~
.....
?
~~~
-
~
""\
:-.~
-
.....
-
\~ :
~ : '.
IE-i ~~ .r
fT - .:~" , .V!
- ~
l -.= ...'
'-"'"'>&~
,~'l~ ~ _
V~
:s . \:,
~- ~
f"l: 0'
(\\ "
~."~'."~';'f;
__ _ ....;;L.:: -. -~L>..........~..:."
, .
,~
~~
.
..
...
'1 '"
-
~~
e;~
\l.~
.. I
I, .~-
T ~.....__
..-
.# ,~
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Castle Building Activity
In small groups the
youth build
'castles" using
provided index
cards - rules
include:
1) no talking
2) use all the cards
3) cards may only
be folded two ways
or left flat, and
4) Use Your
Imagination!!!
..-..~- --
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Castle Building Activity
r-
,
Each group
expressed
creativity by
building different
types of castles.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Castle Building Activity
When a castle fell down students tried a different strategy.
The adults take their time building a perfect castle.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Connecting the Castles
After discussing
the castle building
activity the
participants were
then asked to
connect the
castles by building
bridges with index
cards.
-:-: j ED
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Connecting the Castles
Participants began
to move around the
room, helping
others, and
working as one
large team to
complete the
bridges.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Connecting the Castles
-
I One group places
last minute
finishing touches
on their castle and
bridge.
When the bridges
were complete and
all the castles
were connected
the results
resembled a
country or city,
complete with
roads to travel
from place to
place.
.-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
n
Connecting the Castles
'It; I .,Jt"Iu~
'"'Ill""
,~ ""'
Ooi..."'~f(
~t~l) '.
iWo1tf.
Ifl _M.Ii'.E;'t,
C ieccitS~ r~W,il>"
-
.,,,,.. )",f
"'1( IIIDn,l)fJA!IIV , ,
1\
't,'N .
."..J~,'ff_r'I~1
l' \l},(Il,,-'.V...,I
jfl\[1l1r,Ib
L~! '" ."~.,,I
"--'/
After the activity was complete the students discussed the results and
made several observations:
. The bridges between the castles allowed them to go anywhere they
wanted.
. Connecting the castle still allowed each group to keep their individuality.
. The connected castles resembled a country. with each castle
representing individual cities.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
n
.,
i
, .. ~~;j,.
~ II- ";~t_.
<<!
f'
J
~
I
,k
,
~_.
<;0<
- '" /
~...
<:' -I
C,
Q
<:
:to
~
~
~
-I,
.- -
;::;. .......-n
'" ~\ ~ ~ itI
:PI'-"~
8 ~~
~~-!~
ilJ a.""~
..( ...' ~
- . -l
'\,.
,
.." --., ....
Jl , ~ ~
~ .~. \"'1"'_;'
:l \"'f \10
B .... \"1 1
":j.' C;-
. ~
'"
- "'.'- ~'i
,.1' .'
fIIIIL' ~ ~
~~~~ r.
'~~'I'j a ~
,~~,
, Q~i~
. ~~,i1~ ~
\'!,.
-
. \?~
. ~,,~
!l..:....
....., ,- ':;'
-} r, !\ ~
1 \, ~ 10
, ~
-
o .
~ ~
~a
F E
~ IS'
i"'~
~ ..
~ ~
~
'l.
~" ,
~'
_', t "... _, ~
- ,~- .~
'.
.1' , .___,
. , .'.t:; 1
.
i~.\
:;::
~
~
c,
.'\1
'I;
-
.11 r, f...~
. '-. ... 11
t_-"
.~. o~
~.-,
~i
f I::
E <r .
:1,.fi'
Ji e~
, ,,'1l
~~.
,
~
i"
" ~
-
I
I
Lunchtime
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
The lunchtime spread consisting of fried chicken. macaroni and cheese. apple
sauce. corn. sliced fruit and freshly baked cookies was provided courtesy of
Home Town Buffet in Loma Linda.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Special Thanks to Home Town Buffet
---
-~
,r
- -
;r
Tim thanks Sabrina Calloway and Marji Barakian from HomeTown Buffet for
providing the special lunch for the participants and all their help with the
Youth Visioning Summit.
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Brain Mapping Activity
5c(t
.~~ --~~~
Under the direction of the facilitators, the youth silently map out their
"dream" of San Bernardino as the most incredible place, including what it
looks like, what it smells like, what it sounds like and what it is like at night.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Brain Mapping Activity
Some students sketched out a dream of peaceful neighborhoods with no
violence, while others want to live in a community where people are friendly
and say "Hi" to each other.
m
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Brain Mapping Activity
~
--', ......
I'
,~
. .~
-~'
.,., ".
\ """~
; t ~. ;~J~! ?,.~
'.
Many students dream of living in a clean community, with green grass,lots of
trees, clean air and no graffiti.
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Break Time
"~f~i'I'I
-:;' f [
-
'~ ~. .
.
~
. .
,
~
During break the students examine the artwork and ask Sheryl for art tips.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
-
Dreams of a Healthy San Bernardino
'. .~. fit
).. """:'If> 7'1
. ~~",,~/irCfr<..;. ~
~~~~; ....tK~ l!~
~~'''~ " .eo.
~~'t~i~'f'
,
-lEe: ..
.
.
..
,.
I I .
,. ....-;'ioojo
"j~k".'
o -\e:"~p:.. .':'~
J':..
~
'Gl~
1'."'"
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Dreams of a Healthy San Bernardino
_~,..l,..,~"."\'\004
--'''' -. .......,~~.....
xt:. ~ (_..I.o,..""',....t,
&.;._" ..I"w_ ...,.........
l_~..............~,~
\,01......_...
..-.c- -
r-; -'
.. -t-
~ .
f ·
--<
~
~
-,
I
lr
j:Il;~~
P-i.
i1,~'"
..
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Dreams of a Healthy San Bernardino
1':'~1If--
:1.."'''''' - -
....
~..?
1.-'17' ..........
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Visioning Activity
. -r--u
-~I-
I
I
n.
I
I I
1_.. .~. --'"'
I rl~ '1>
I
( I
Pearl from Lincoln Elementary represents her group and shares their ideas
about what they think is important for San Bernardino in the future.
Chris from Lytle Creek and Jasmine from Rio Vista share their group's ideas
for a healthy city.
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Visioning Activity
--- -- -
f~~ .-
-~
..?
...,...,.. .....:...
-7 y-",
'--:~--"""
The students review the results of the Brain mapping activity to ensure that
everything they hope for in the future is included as part of their vision
statement.
The students agreed that they want to live in a city that has the following:
. Shiny, happy faces
. A place that is safe and peaceful
. No violence, no crime, no drugs, and no graffiti
. People are friendly and say "hello. to one another
. People respect each other and themselves
. People get along and work like a team
. We take care of the older people
. Kids pass the goodness on to adults and we all learn from one another
. Everyone has a job and there are lots of community volunteers
. The City is a cleaner place to live and everyone recycles
. More people pick up trash and yards are mowed and clean
. Lots of trees, plants, trash cans and fewer stray dogs
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Youth Visioning Summit Team
\.
-
_...1
-J
It:.
"
r--
~
~ I
Ii
,~\-\$""""""i
--
'~~.1
Student representatives and facilitators gather together for a quick group
picture before adjourning for the day.
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Vision Statement
At the conclusion of the Youth Visioning Summit the students decided the
following vision statement included everything necessary for a healthy
San Bernardino.
.Olto-.,
n.N
--~,,~:; -- -.~...':~~:(':~,:: -):J-~-- .:~~:~~'.~~'~J
\iWlI\IIf1INCRfDtaf ).",",'" ~(lIllftl ,. ~"h
\l ~ifl ,"* v' .,If",'_ :,t~""l'" )
~ "'I" ~ a..,..+ ,I hI 1\1 \l1f#l1l< ,." ~,~ 1III,'to....1'~ J
1"1. .. I,. ,.;' . I>< '_.~..... .../
M "'P '- ". ~!\l }\\f . .....",) ...........
,. oJ", rwu'"' 0;1'.111 ...1 ._ '~~ ;/kol"Il"!M"'" ,\ tr:r'~~, ./.J
...,,~I~ \)f!/(' .... ,.\ ._""'t . V)
... \ ......__ ....~.. . hllft1rH.'\",
~ .!._' h' J 1,1')' - ~.Ao." ) l~:l\!"../
.. 'F".........'-'. -../-' '" \: .....~....... /. .....:;/
.~ rl, , ''''1 (1+-"/'..... it/l!\t(\Ttfl I/'tV .
~_,) ol/e fl: I".,m C"J) t-\I.!II;><W. .
'-<.J CPt"\... l':~,,~ ...\ ~TE ~ n.tft.l' J Il\1.\,",,"I." 1
".::~v~~':-) ..I\S'O" \ J:::A~:;~,.J--/ "A'.ltPti\
1~ ~ IlII __ ." lll~ lM,dl/iI 1/. 'fill It ,_ ."Inr -../ ",-",---.I
.w.lI'tNiltll uvw-- 1.\" RJlCl 'n /It. " .""'''1,/ "'''I
I',...tll.I..,[,<.'If. It~, 1l_,.,.~.'11 J ~...:..~,~
,.....,-r."f\O>l'.tlfJ> fOP \ ,I." l. j I'T
!\ .' "-\.: .~W\"\\MlI;ODl.ll~
"rII/ "11,. 1lIl' ,4(,)MJ,'t. .
. 'W""IJIT'r A j~1 ,K ., ,.1.'/1,'\' 1. 1\1lW1l: '"'' ~II'I
rI'l", ,'j l)itl' /I ,.,_\ '" 1H ( ,po Mflp~~ '4Y.. _. ./'. ~';h'ltl E. )
::',:~~ "f~':l~' '1,.,.) I
~'.,-J I
4_~ t:II~h :will
~
I
1i-~'1'."''tl\(l
':<t"vf.~'~I<ll"'1,1lo ~
~
Vision Statement
Our vision of a healthy city is a place where older people learn
from younger people and younger people learn from older people.
In our neighborhood, people of all ages create a clean, drug free
place. Our community is a safe place to live. Our vision of a
healthy city for tomorrow begins with our actions today.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
.
o'
:ll~
,,~
i!
I
I
· : CIa
C(~;. ~~
i~ ~ I~. ~;~
~.' -
. '- . "'-'
..~. ~ .~:;; \ I
(, ~ ! 1 ~~ ;- CI l I
~::F ~.i(tt;(
. _ ,-. 'I d''>'; -
r ; ~ :S ( ~ (d~ ';c.n 5 ,
; ~ :? f; tll~~!i( ~r-~1!~11'
;1 J" % Q~
: ~ " J - : ~ ~. (,J t
~_____ 1:1;... ~ 0 -
~. ~ : :. ~ ~ '- ij2~ ~ ~ .\
-~s._\.C \. -./,'
, .... _~- '-..t ·
',,",~._'" 0: .. .,e-I
.:~;;_. .- !i l~'
, .~.~; :. -;-' cJ} .:: r. '~-;. ~ :=. ' t I .... .
_ .! ~ ~ \"'; ~'a' ;.. .":~'<- :: ~ ~ i;
. ;ra- ~ 1ft" ~,"'"". ~ '" CA -
-. . ,'.' ~. <I> _J- ~ ;::.
.,1"'- v ~ C' ....--
.?: - - ,.,., ~ - "~ ....
..., t-:- :..., .. -; - ..J~'"
, . ~ ;;;: "" . ::::..<<-.;
.:. -. ~, :C. . -w.
~ ,. .~ ; ~ ~: ~.~. ....
<. '.! II i ,,;.}; " ~ '"
rl. 'J; ~ ~ { ~ ~ !(C.~. J~~ ~
\ ... .;... ..> .~ :- .; ~ \ -r .t~ ~ .,
., 'f
),t
.1 '." :.r...r: Ji I ~l
~....~ \~:
~ ~ ... .
"" \... .... ~
'-
( ...,~_.
. It. .::~,J!
/~ ". E, ~ ~ ;;, ~ -:;
'....
~~ ~'..' r. .,
""$: - ur6i ~ (~~ i,::
~ ... ~'. ;.;.. t (~ 1 ~; \.. ~.:
. ~\ ~. ,1, 'I' . ~:.:;?~ '-'t ~ "-
_ : . ._ ~..I'~ .' L.....::: (.. j ~ ..,.
,:.,\:.;:.. ~.~~" ". &., I ( ,i i !
"..;:.... .,r' .r_. '.~'. .... r~.. . --; .
., __ - - ._.".~ '.' . - I
,.,1_ -.:.t~ . -'5:'~'f r ~~ >> ...
.~-i:.;' ~~:l" ~'-'
}\
rf {\
,-
" :-~,.
..,
. ... ,Ij,J
~
~ ~
... ..
f: J
~~
(
,.
it
I
I
I
.
--:.\~
,,~ c:.
~ ';'
~,
~:=;
.
52:
--
.~
t:=
\ .p It
.... ."
\. ~!
J'
\.=
,.
- ..
ll~
.~
I
I
I
-.-.-....-
I.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
I