HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-23-1986 Minutes
City of San Bernardino, California
October 23, 1986
This is the time and place set for an Adjourned Regular
Meeting of the Mayor and Common Council of the City of San
Bernardino at their Regular Meeting held Monday, October 20,
1986, at 9:03 a.m., in the Council Chambers of City Hall,
300 North "D" Street, San Bernardino, California.
The City Clerk has caused to be posted the Notice of
Adjournment of said meeting held Monday, October 20, 1986,
at 9:03 a.m., and has on file in the Office of the City
Clerk an Affidavit of said posting together with a copy of
said Order which was posted on Tuesday, October 21, 1986, at
10 :00 a.m., in the Council Chambers of City Hall, 300 North
"D" Street, San Bernardino, California.
The Adjourned Regular Meeting was called to order by
Mayor Wilcox at 10:02 a.m., in the Council Chambers of City
Hall, 300 North "D" Street, San Bernardino, California.
ROLL CALL
Roll Call was taken by the City Clerk with the follow-
ing being present: Mayor Wilcox; Council Members Estrada,
Reilly, Quiel, Frazier, Strickler; Sr. Assistant City Attor-
ney Briggs, City Clerk Clark, City Administrator Schweitzer.
Absent: Council Members Hernandez, Marks.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST WORKSHOP - REPRESENTATIVE
OF THE CALIFORNIA FAIR POLITICAL PRACTICES
COMMISSION
In a letter dated October 7, 1986, John G. McLean,
Counsel, Legal Division, California Fair Political Practices
Commission presented a draft of A GUIDE TO THE POLITICAL
REFORM ACT OF 1974 - CALIFORNIA'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST LAW
FOR PUBLIC OFFICIALS - CALIFORNIA FAIR POLITICAL PRACTICES
COMMISSION. The document explained the purposes and provi-
sions of the Political Reform Act herein summarized. (R-l)
The Political Reform Act was enacted by an
initiative, known as proposition 9 in 1974.
One of the Act's main purposes is to prevent
financial conflicts of interest on the part
of public officials.
The Political Reform Act prevents conflict of
interest by (1) Disclosure which requires
every public official to disclose all econ-
omic interests or sources of income which may
possibly affect the exercise of hiS/her of-
ficial duties; (2) Disqualification which may
require the official to disqualify himself/-
herself from participating in a governmental
decision of using hiS/her official position
to influence or attempt to influence a gov-
ernmental decision.
The Political Reform Act requires that all
elected state and local officials, all high
ranking state and local officials and other
such officials or employees of state and
local government agencies that are designated
by the agencies for which they work file
statements of economic interests. Unpaid
members of boards or commissions and consul-
tants to state or local government agencies
also may be required to file statements of
economic interests.
Statements of Economic Interests are public
records and may be inspected and copied dur-
ing normal business hours.
statements of economic interests must be kept
on file by the official's or employee's
agency and made available upon request.
Certain statements are also available at the
Fair Political Practices Commission.
The disqualification requirements of the
Poli tical Reform Act apply to all elected or
appointed state or local government officials
and to all government agency employees, ex-
cept judges and court conunissioners. Unpaid
members of boards or commissions and consul-
tants to state or local government agencies
may also have to disqualify themselves under
the act.
A conflict of interest exists when all of the
following occur:
1. The official makes, participates in, or
uses his or her official position to influ-
ence a governnmental decision;
2. It is foreseeable that the decision will
affect the official's economic interest;
3. The effect of the decision on the of-
ficial's economic interest will be material;
4. The
ficial's
guishable
generally.
effect of the decision
economic interest will
from its effect on
on
be
the
the of-
distin-
public
When a public official determines that he/
she has a conflict of interest he/ she must
not vote on, participate in any way in, or
attempt to influence the decision. The of-
ficial must declare a disqualification and
the reason for such disqualification must be
announced or disclosed in writing.
A governmental decision is not invalidated by
the fact that an official who made or parti-
cipated in the decision had a conflict of
interest. However, a court can set aside a
governmental decision if it determines that
an official who made the decision had a con-
flict of interest, that without that of-
ficial's actions the decision would not have
been made, and that setting aside the deci-
sion will not cause injury to innocent
persons.
There may be situations in which a public
official is legally required to make or par-
ticipate in a decision, even though the of-
ficial has a conflict of interest. In such
a case, the Political Reform Act allows the
official to make or participate in the deci-
sion so long as the existence and nature of
the official's financial interest is on pub-
lic record and the official does not try to
influence the decisions of others.
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10/23/86
An official who violates the Political Reform
Act may be subject to administrative action
and administrative penalties of up to $2,000
for each violation, a civil lawsuit, in which
a court can impose a fine. A willfull viola-
tion of the Act is also a misdemeanor, pun-
ishable by a fine of up to $10,000 or by
imprisonment, and may result in the official
being ineligible to run for public office for
four years.
When a public official suspects that he/she
may have a conflict of interest, the attorney
for the official's agency should be con-
sulted, or the official can ask the Legal
Division of the Fair Political Practices
commission for advice.
The Commission can only issue opinions or
give advice regarding conflicts of interest
to the official who may have to be disqual-
ified, or his/her authorized representative.
The Conunission cannot issue an opinion or
provide advice about an official's past
conduct.
All Corrunission regulations and opinions are
published by the California Continuing Educa-
tion of the Bar. Virtually all advice re-
quests and advice letters are public records.
Complaints concerning violations of the con-
flict of interest provisions of the Political
Reform Act should be made to the local dis-
trict attorney, the Enforcement Division of
the Fair Political Practices corrunission, or
the Attorney General.
The Fair
ministers
Act.
Poli tical Practices Conunission ad-
and enforces the Political Reform
Mayor Wilcox opened the meeting
Assistant City Attorney Briggs, who in
McLean, Counsel, Legal Division, Fair
Commission.
and introduced Sr.
turn introduced John
Political Practices
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair political Practices Corrunis-
sion, stated he would present a general outline of the con-
flict of interest laws and answer questions.
Divisions
Mr. McLean,
sion, presented
follows:
Counsel, Fair Political Practices Conunis-
the three divisions of his office as
1. Enforcement Division;
2. Technical Assistance Division, which is there to
answer questions about forms used in campaign reporting and
statements of economic interests.
3.
advice
curred.
Legal Division, whose main function is to provide
about potential conflicts before a problem has oc-
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, stated that letters from the Legal Division can pro-
vide irrununity that a telephone conversation won't.
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crry A'r'l'ORNEY PRH1CE ARRIVED
At 10:12 a.m., City Attorney Prince arrived
Council Meeting and replaced Sr. Assistant City
Briggs.
at the
Attorney
Political Reform Act and other laws
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, stated that the commission's jurisdiction regarding
conflict of interest laws is limited to the Political Reform
Act. There are other conflict of interest laws outside the
Poli tical Reform Act, primarily those in Government Code
Section 1090. The political Reform Act just requires that
if there is a conflict, that the public official disquali-
fies from participating in the decision. 'l'here is nothing
wrong with having a conflict of interest, but the law re-
quires that when a situation exists in which there is a
conflict, that the official disqualifies from participating
in that decision by voting or attempting to influence the
decision in other ways.
Components of Political Reform Act
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Political Practices Commission,
had an overhead presentation showing the components of basic
conflict of interest law.
An official's economic interest is affected whenever a
governmental decision affects:
1.The material financial status of the official's econ-
omic interest. This provision includes a spouse or depen-
dent children and refers to any decision which would have an
effect on income or assets.
2. A business entity in which the official,
dependent children, have a direct or indirect
worth $1,000 or more.
spouse or
investment
3.
dependent
$1,000 or
Real Property in which the official, spouse or
children, have a direct or indirect interest worth
more.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the ownership of corpor-
ate stock, stating that the question really concerns
whether an action will have a material financial effect on
the business and on the official who owns the stock.
4. A person or business entity from which the official
has received an economic interest from any source aggregat-
ing $250 or more, provided it was received by the official
within twelve months prior to the time the decision is
made.
Mr. ~lcLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions, explaining how this provision
relates to the status of a nonprofit organization. The
nonprofi t organization does not meet the definition of a
business entity, but if a salary of $250 or more is re-
ceived by the public official in the twelve months before
the decision, then the nonprofit organization can be a
source of income, and if the decision meets the other
criteria, such as a reasonably foreseeable material
financial interest and the other three components, then a
disqualification would be necessary.
sian,
from
holds
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
explained provisions regarding the source of income
customers of a business. If a public official
a 10% or greater interest in a business the customer
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10/23/86
income is then attributed as a source of income on a pro
rata basis.
campaign contributions as income for
disqualification purposes
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding campaign contributions
and whether they are considered income for reporting or
disqualification purposes. He stated that the definition of
income does not usually include campaign contributions,
unless the elected official also sits as a member of an
appointed board, such as a joint powers authority.
Council Members on a Redevelopment Board do not have to
report campaign contributions as income as long as the en-
tire Council sits as the Redevelopment Agency.
COUNCIL MEMBER ME>RKS ARRIVED
At 10:25 a.m., Council Member Marks arrived at the
Council Meeting and took his place at the Council Table.
5. A business entity in which the official is a direc-
tor, officer, partner, trustee, employee or holds a position
of management.
6. When a person or business entity is the donor,
intermediary or agent of a gift of $250 or more that is
promised to or received by the official within the twelve
months preceding the decision. An important exclusive from
this is if there are persons with whom gifts are normally
exchanged on birthdays and holidays, they are not gifts to
the official unless there is a substantial difference in the
value of gifts being exchanged.
Mr. McLean explained
effect, giving some general
a substantial likelihood.
seeable.
the definition of foreseeable
outlines, such as there must be
A mere possibility is not fore-
Redevelopment Project Areas
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Corcunis-
sion, answered questions concerning an elected official who
was the listing broker on a piece of property within a Rede-
velopment project area. The official voted on the formation
of the project area. He explained that at the time of the
vote, the official may not have been able to foresee that
his vote would have a material financial effect, especially
if only one parcel were listed. Mr. McLean added that
there's nothing in the Political Reform Act that prohibits
an official from selling property or carrying on business.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which a
Council Member is asked to serve on a committee that will
address a specific area of property and during the course
of time that member is participating in three levels: as a
member of the Committee, of the Redevelopment Agency Commis-
sion and of the Board. Decisions are made on that parcel of
land and attempts are made to influence decisions with re-
gard to the area. The Member in question then later dis-
qualified himself from a vote. Mr. McLean stated that he
couldn't comment on specific conduct, but in a general sense
that an official who is required to disqualify at the time
the actions are occurring, has a conflict if the four com-
ponents are met: using his/her official position to influ-
ence a governmental decision; a reasonably foreseeable ma-
terial financial effect on income which is not distinguis-
able from the effect on the public generally, and in such
case, the official cannot vote nor seek to influence the
vote.
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Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Conunis-
sion, answered questions regarding the policy that governs a
situation where actions do not come before the governing
body, but have official sanction, such as administrative
actions taken by City departments. If the four parameters
are present in the member's situations, then must that mem-
ber also not participate in any administrative action which
would implement policy when that action would affect his/her
finances. Mr. McLean stated that if there were some kind of
clerical type of decision that didn't affect the decision,
it is possible that they could do that. For example, if a
Council Member were disqualified, he/she should not be talk-
ing to staff trying to influence them.
Claim appeal application before Council
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, explained that there are several tests in determining
what constitutes a material financial effect on an economic
interest. Generally, one must look at what the dollar value
of the effect of the decision is. He stated, however, there
are a couple of special situations in which the official is
disqualified regardless of the dollar value. The first one
of those: If the person or the business entity or the non-
profit entity in which the official has an economic interest
appears before the Council with an appeal, claim, or appli-
cation. If the case being discussed is about a nonprofit
entity, the member would need to disqualify from that deci-
sion.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the policy of whether or
not that decision applies if more than just one nonprofit
enti ty is being discussed. In other words, would it apply
across the board to allow setting policy for nonprofits and
must the member then abstain. He stated there are two
things that must be looked at: (1) Determine what the type
of appearance before the Council is: a claim, appeal, or
application; (2) Is the effect on the member's economic
interest distinguishable from the effect on the public
generally.
Administrative decisions - Information gathering
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding nonprofit entities which
have a contract with the City. The specific question was
when a Council Member is the Executive Director of a non-
profit entity and is charged with the responsibility by that
board to acquire information for a particular project. Con-
sequently, this Council Member has to deal with the various
departments within the City. The question was where does
the Conflict of Interest lie? He stated that what the Po-
litical Reform Act prohibits is the participation or seeking
to influence a decision. Gathering information does not
constitute seeking to influence a decision, so there's noth-
ing to prohibit a person from gathering information.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Cornmis-
sion, answered questions, stating that the provisions being
discussed also include influencing a staff decision.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which a
Council Member asks a staff member for his opinion on a
particular bit of information and if this would constitute a
conflict of interest. He stated that it depends on what is
in the folder, such as a letter from the Council Member
saying he/She thought it was a good idea. That would appear
to be an attempt to influence. That is the kind of thing
that might require an opinion based an specific facts.
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Nonprofits
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which
someone is an official or administrator of a nonprofit or-
ganization and there's some funding from the City. Is it the
financial interest of the individual or of the organization
which triggers the conflict of interest? Mr. McLean stated
that it depends on the situation. If it is affecting the
pocketbook, obviously it affects the individual. If it af-
fects a source of income to the individual, one must look at
the effect on that source of income.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Corruuis-
sion, answered questions regarding a scenario where the
interaction of Council Members serving as both members of
the Council and on boards, commissions, and nonprofit organ-
izations may affect public services. In essence, what if
the financial standing of a nonprofit corporation doesn't
directly affect the financial interests of the individual
member. Mr. McLean stated that unless there is a source of
income to the melwer, there.s no basis for disqualification.
If a member is just sitting as a Director of Boy Scouts, or
whatever, there is no basis for disqualification.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the prior scenario if
there were a stipend. He stated that the amount has to be
over $25U a year to be considered a source of income and
received within the twelve months prior to the decision to
be a basis for disqualification.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a scenario in which a
Council Member served on the board of a local opera company
that applied for a grant of $5,000 which would go through
the Fine Arts Commission of the City. Seats worth $300 a
year were given to the Member for him and his family be-
cause of his place on the board. The recommendation for the
$5,000 grant then comes before the Council from the Fine
Arts Commission. What must the member do? Mr. McLean
stated that the Commission's gift regulations are being
reconsidered and there's a real question as to whether or
not those gifts would be a basis for disqualification.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a similar situation in
which a Council Member gets a stipend of $300 a year. He
stated in that case, and the matter comes before the
Council, that would be a basis for disqualification. He
answered further questions, stating that the benefit doesn't
have to be direct, it can be indirect benefit to the organ-
ization in which he serves. Mr. McLean suggested that the
effect to be considered is that of the source of income, not
on the member's.
Nonprofit - Community Property share of gift
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair POlitical Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the previous scenario,
with the exception that the spouse of the Council Member was
the recipient of the gift from the opera company. He stated
that in that case, she would have to receive $500 to dis-
qualify because of the 50% community property share to the
member.
Material financial effect - Stockholder
There is a variety of tests for material
effect, depending on the size of the business
decision isn't material on a Fortune 500 Company
going to affect revenue or assets by a million
financial
entity. A
unless its
dollars or
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affect expenses by $250; 000. So if a member has stock in
IBM, it would take a major decision before a disqualifica-
tion is required. On the bottom end of the scale, in the
smallest size business entity the decision is going to be
considered material if it has a $10,000 effect on revenues
or assets or $2,500 effect on expenses.
If the decision is going to affect zoning, permitted
use, or an annexation decision in real property that a
public official has an interest in, that would be a basis
for disqualification. Mr. McLean further explained that if a
member has an interest in real property, if its going to be
affected by less than $1,000, there is no basis for dis-
qualification. This is the case of a situation where there
is more of an indirect effect.
Public Improvements
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation where the
City provides services, public improvements or paves the
street where a member lives and whether or not this presents
a conflict of interest. He stated that the answer to this
is found in the fourth component which asks if the effect of
the decision on the official's economic interest is distin-
guishable from its effect on the public generally.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, explained that there are a lot of opinions and law
underlying all these tests and again, he stressed that he
was giving a general framework so that the Council will know
when to ask questions and get further counsel.
Legally required participation
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair POlitical Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which the
majority of the seven Council Members would have a conflict
of interest in an issue. He stated that there is a process
called "legally required participation", which is essen-
tially a lottery system or drawing names to give enough
officials to establish a quorum.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the ownership of stock,
stating that both the amount of stock and the interest could
be involved. A public official could have the investment in
a business entity of over $1,000 or more. In that situation
one needs to look at the effects that the decision was
going to have on the business entity. If there was a deci-
sion involving a closely held local corporation that was
going to effect income, he/ she would need to look at what
the effect is going to be on the official. If it is going
to effect the official by $250 or more, then that could
potentially be a basis for disqualification. Referring to
the four components, he stated that even in situations where
the other three criteria are met and the decision would
otherwise be a basis for disqualification, if it is going to
effect you similarly as the public generally, then its not
going to be a basis for disqualification.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair POlitical Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions, stating that the law applies to
all public officials who are in a decision making capacity.
This includes commissioners serving on the Planning Commis-
sion, Parks & Recreation Commission, etc.
Appearances at hearings by Council Members
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which a
Council Member attends a Commission meeting for the purpose
of espousing his own feelings or attempting to influence his
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10/23/86
commissioner's vote, and stated that the regulations spec-
ifically say that attempts to influence include appearances
before bodies which are subject to the appointive or legis-
lative control of the Council. If there is a conflict
there, the Council Member could not appear before those
bodies to attempt to influence. But the one exception to
that is if the decision effects property Wholly owned by the
Council Member, spouse, dependent children or business
entity, a Council Member could appear to represent his/her
interest if it is made clear that he/ she is there in a
personal capacity and not as a public official.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a scenario in which a
Member states for the public record that he was protecting
his client and protecting the City. How can the member be
doing both without having a conflict of interest? Mr.
McLean stated that the law requires in that situation that
the Member disqualify because a client is a source of income
to him.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which
Council Members participated in decisions, such as a project
area, up to a point and then a direct bearing on something
that financially affects them comes up. At what point does
the member abstain? Mr. McLean stated that the question is
as each vote comes up, is it going to have a foreseeable
material financial effect. In each situation it needs to
be analyzed.
Redevelopment Project Areas
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, explained that the Commission had written an advice
letter where these types of questions about a Redevelopment
Plan were addressed. It discussed the questions of at what
point was it so general that it was not foreseeable that
there was going to be an effect on anything in the Redevel-
opment Area and at what point it becomes specific. Each
case has to be addressed with the facts and if at some point
there is a close call, the member needs to start asking
questions and contact the commission for answers to protect
that member.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair POlitical Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which
Council Members put together a Redevelopment project Area
and two of the members were respectively a real estate brok-
er, and sign maker. At the time the proj ect area was put
together, there was no indication that either Council Member
would conduct their business of listing and selling real
estate, or erecting signs. However, in the future some
potential customers could request services from either of
these business men. Should the Council Members disqualify
themselves from any decision in putting this project to-
gether because sometime in the future they may do business
in that area? Mr. McLean referred to a Commission Opinion
called the Thorner Opinion which attempts to describe some
of these situations and suggested it be looked at in such a
situation.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions, stating that under the previous
scenario, there is no conflict of interest for the Council
Members/real estate broker/sign maker to list and sell prop-
erty, or erect signs at some distant time in the future in a
Redevelopment project Area in which each Council Member had
participated.
9
10/23/86
The point is the question that comes into play under
the Act is what was the situation at the time the vote oc-
curred. If there is a conflict, a member can't vote. Imether
or not there was a conflict at the time of the vote does not
matter when you're conducting the business. The Act doesn't
say if you have a conflict you can't conduct business. It
says if you have a conflict you can't vote.
Mr. McLean answered questions regarding a situation in
which the areas of a Redevelopment Project Area have been
set, but not yet adopted. A Council Member/real estate
broker is asked to sell property in that project area. At
what point does that Council Member have a conflict of in-
terest? Mr. McLean stated that there is a conflict of in-
terest at the point where that customer becomes an economic
interest to him and when the property is actually sold. If
there is a multitude of property that has been listed by
the Council Member/real estate broker, the Commission has
said it is reasonably foreseeable that one of those prop-
erties is going to sell. If there is continuing business
with an entity, it is going to have been a source of income
in the twelve months before the decision. If many proper-
ties were listed with the Member, but none of them had sold
and was not a source of income up to that point, the fact
that all these properties were listed could still poten-
tially make them a source of income.
Goods and services
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Cormuis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which an
enti ty is coming before the City for assistance to build a
building. The Council/Redevelopment Agency takes action to
do what has been requested. A Council Member/sign maker has
no intent at the time in any way to do sign work on this
project. Sometime later a bid package is sent to him and a
request for a bid. At what point is there is conflict of
interest"' Mr. McLean stated that the point at which the
Council Member/sign maker needs to disqualify is when he
knows he is going to bid on the project. If, at the earlier
stage, there was a substantial amount of competition among
sign people and there was no idea of bidding or connection
by the Council Member/sign maker, it wouldn't be considered
reasonably foreseeable.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion answered questions regarding governmental decisions.
An example was given regarding the City's negotiations with
the State of California for financial assistance on Seccombe
Park. The City is going to get a tremendous benefit from
these negotiations. Is there a conflict of interest because
the City negotiated for the benefit of the City with another
governmental agency? Mr. McLean stated there is no conflict
of interest unless there is some financial interest to the
Council Members in a decision when they appear before some
other agency under which they have no appointive or budge-
tary control. If there is a financial interest in the deci-
sion, then the Council Member needs to make clear that he/-
she is appearing in a private capacity. He further ex-
plained that its all right to participate in a decision
unless there is a conflict of interest. If all four of the
conflict of interest components are present, a Council Mem-
ber could not participate in a decision.
Mayor wilcox stated that all City Department Heads had
been invited to attend and asked if there were any questions
or comments from them.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding a situation in which a
Council Member could persuade a City employee about City
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actions that might foreseeably have an economic interest on
that Council Members' pocketbook. For example, a Council
Member strongly recommends to a City employee that the City
needs more fire hydrants, and the City employees implements
the request. Does that person have a conflict of interest?
Mr. McLean stated the decision would depend on what the
effect of the decision would be on the official's interest.
Department questions
Gerry Newcombe, Fire Chief, asked, as a
Head, how to restrict himself on decisions in the
conflict of interest and in using his discretion.
Department
case of a
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, stated it is possible in a situation where there is
only one official who is legally authorized to make deci-
sions, the legally required participation clause mentioned
earlier could be invoked. An analysis should be made to
determine if this could be used, or someone else be ap-
pointed to make that decision. It would depend on what is
legally authorized.
Ken Henderson, Director, Community Development Divi-
sion, had questions regarding action taken by the State Bar
against the City Attorney of Los Angeles who was publicly
reproved for misconduct in office. There were instances
where City staff persons came to him with respect to whether
or not there was a conflict of interest. In one instance it
was the Planning Director who was alleged to be operating a
business out of his office. The State found that in prose-
cuting the Planning Director and members of his staff that
the City Attorney was guilty of violating his confidential
relationship of attorney-client. Mr. Henderson asked
whether or not the City Attorney's Office serves as the
attorney for the officers and employees of a local govern-
ment and if the fact there is a confidential relationship.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices conunis-
sion, responded by explaining that there's a case Hayes vs.
Woods, a Supreme Court Case, which dealt with some of the
disclosure provisions of the Political Reform Act, and spec-
ifically with situations of attorneys' disclosures. It
essentially said that many private attorneys serve as mem-
bers of boards or commissions and are required under the
political Reform Act to report sources of income. They may
decline. But the Court in that case said tnat the impor-
tance of the Political Reform Act was such that disclosure
would still be required unless there was a situation, for
example, where the attorney defended child molesters and so
disclosure of a client would be implicating that individual.
He stated that the Court has a strong tilt toward enforcing
the Political Reform Act.
Ken Henderson, Director, ConmlUni ty Development Divi-
sion, stated that it was his understanding that the issue
was whether or not in consulting with the City Attorney as a
staff person or officer of the City, that a confidential
relationship exists.
Mr. McLean, Counsel,
sion, responded by saying
sion had not specifically
Fair Political Practices
that to his knowledge the
addressed that question.
Commis-
Commis-
Shauna Clark, City Clerk, as Filing Officer, asked
questions regarding a situation in which a Council person
receives salary from a nonprofit organization of over $250.
This organization has received grant funds in the past and
has an opportunity to receive grant funds in the future.
Knowing that he/she can't vote as a Member of the Council
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,---------
,
this Council person still attempts to influence staff. Ms.
Clark specifically asked what her obligations were towards
reporting in this situation.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Cormnis-
sion, stated that he didn't know immediately whether there
is legal obligation to inform the Conunission or not, but
offered to get the information.
Shauna Clark, City Clerk, answered questions of the
Council, stating that as City Clerk, she received all the
statements. Because of this position, she sometimes becomes
aware of situations that the average person would not hear
of. She also agreed with the statement that the documents
are public record, and even though access is available to
everyone, she sometimes becomes aware of situations unknown
to others.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Conunis-
sion, stated there is nothing in the Political Reform Act
that places any obligation on anyone to file a complaint if
they are aware of a conflict, although there may be some-
thing in general law terms of which he is not aware.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions regarding the question of whether
or not there are any obligations on the part of elected
officials or executive management of the City to file a
complaint or make public knowledge of a reasonably suspected
violation of the conflict of interest laws. He stated that
there is nothing in the Act, but he thought it would be
similar to obligations of any violations of law.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, responded to questions regarding Redevelopment Law
that if there is a contractual relationship between entity A
and the Redevelopment Agency and that an actual conflict of
interest became a reality at a later date, would that con-
tract be abrogated"" Also questioned was what the legal
obligations are for the Mayor and/or the Councilor Chief
Administrative Officer if they know that at the time of the
deal or shortly thereafter there might be effects on the
City at a later time. Mr. McLean stated, that in response
to the second question, there's nothing in the Political
Reform Act that indicated what that obligation is or if
there is an obligation if there is knowledge of a conflict.
He also stated he didn't know if this subject is covered in
another act. He stated that the POlitical Reform Act does
provide that if there is a vote that occurs in violation of
the Political Reform Act and someone seeks an injunction to
stop the action from occurr ing, there is authority in the
Act for the Court to issue an injunction from any further
action being taken. I f the court says that the vote af-
fected the outcome, and it only needed three votes and it
was 5-0, and there was one person disqualified, then this
provision would not allow the court to enjoin the action.
But if it was a swing vote, there could be an order for the
Court to enjoin further action.
Government Code 1090 and Health & Safety Code 33130
Sr. Assistant City Attorney Briggs answered questions
regarding Health & Safety Code Section 33130 and Government
Code Section 1090, which both apply if any member of the
board or the cOlrunission has a contractual interest in the
contract. Under such circumstances if that interest isn't
disclosed and the board goes ahead and enters into the con-
tract and its later found out, then the contract is void,
just as it would have been if it had been disclosed at the
time. The Commission and the Council cannot enter into a
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10/23/86
contract in which any member of the body has a financial
interest whether that interest is known or not. If it later
becomes known, then that contract can be set aside. Mr.
Briggs referred to a Supreme Court case Thompson "'$. Call
where a councilman sold property to a developer who in turn
sold it to the City. That whole transaction was set aside
and the Councilman not only lost the property which the City
got to keep, but had to pay to the City all the money that
he received from the property plus interest.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Conunis-
sion, stated that consequences of violation of the Political
Reform Act may be different from the consequences that occur
in violation of Government Code Section 1090 or in provi-
sions of the Health & Safety Code.
Sr. Assistant City Attorney Briggs answered questions
regarding the possible codification of all conflict of
interest laws and stated that legislation was pending to
give the Fair Political prdctices Commission authority to at
least render advice on Government Code Section 1090, which
they can't do now. When there is a complaint or a request
for advice, the Fair Political Practices commission can only
respond in terms of the Political Reform Act. He stated
that if there is a 1090 type of situation involved, that is
a contractual interest, as opposed to a strict conflict of
interest, they can't even talk about it. Mr. Briggs pointed
out, for instance, some of the questions referred to Mr.
McLean this morning were about nonprofit corporations where
members of the board want to participate in decisions af-
fecting them, and that is a 1090 type of situation. Also,
there is a statute as part of Government Code Section 1090
that says if the Council Member or the member of the legis-
lative body actively lobbies for the decision then he loses
his exemption from 1090, as a nonprofit and the contract
then becomes void.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Practices Commis-
sion, answered questions about the Commission's authority to
issue opinions or advice. He stated that the Conunission
can provide general guidance, but cannot answer a specific
disqudlification except to the public official who has a
potential conflict or his/her representative. He stated
that the regulations only relate to the Commission, and
don t include any reference to a local City Attorney.
Mr. McLean, Counsel, Fair Political Prdctices Commis-
sion, answered questions, stating that an opinion from the
City Attorney does not provide immunity to the Council Mem-
ber requesting advice on a conflict of interest. An opinion
in writing from the Conunission does provide immunity from
enforcement action.
Ci ty Attorney Prince answered questions, stating that
the Attorney General answered questions regarding violations
of Government Code Section 1090.
ADJOURNMENT
At 11:45 a.m., the meeting was adjourned.
___ ,~#~U4/
..- Clty Clerk
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